Data Sheet LOW POWER PWM CONTROLLER FOR OFF-LINE BATTERY CHARGER General Description Features The AP3700/A is a green-mode pulse width modulation (PWM) controller. It is specially designed for low power applications such as off-line battery chargers, where the needs for low standby power, space saving and low cost are all required. In a battery charger rated 5V/1A, the maximum standby power is only 0.18W. · · · · · · · · · In normal operation, the AP3700/A switches on and off at a fixed switching frequency of 60 kHz. With a current limit capability of 460mA for AP3700 and 500mA for AP3700A, the AP3700/A can directly drive the emitter of high voltage NPN transistor. When output power falls below a given level, the IC enters skip cycle mode to reduce power consumption. AP3700/A Current Mode Control with Skip Cycle Capability Lower Operating Current: 0.45mA Fixed Switching Frequency: 60 kHz Frequency Dithering for Low EMI: ±2.5kHz Under-Voltage Lockout Protection Over-Current Protection Internal Short Circuit Protection Higher Output Voltage at OUT Terminal Low Total Cost Solution Applications · · The AP3700/A also features under-voltage lockout, over-current and short circuit protections. Battery Chargers Off-Line Power Supplies The AP3700/A is available in TO-92 package. TO-92 (Bulk Packing) TO-92 (Ammo Packing) Figure 1. Package Types of AP3700/A Mar. 2008 Rev. 1. 4 BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited 1 Data Sheet LOW POWER PWM CONTROLLER FOR OFF-LINE BATTERY CHARGER AP3700/A Pin Configuration Z Package (TO-92) 3 OUT 2 GND 1 VCC Figure 2. Pin Configuration of AP3700/A (Top View) Pin Description Pin Number Pin Name Function 1 VCC 2 GND Supply ground 3 OUT The output pin, connected to the emitter of NPN transistor or the source of MOSFET The power supply of the IC, and is generally connected to opto-coupler's emitter Mar. 2008 Rev. 1. 4 BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited 2 Data Sheet LOW POWER PWM CONTROLLER FOR OFF-LINE BATTERY CHARGER AP3700/A Functional Block Diagram VCC 1 3 REGULATOR UVLO COMPARATOR VREF 1.24V SHORT CIRCUIT COMPARATOR _ + + SLOPE RAMP CLAMP COMPARATOR + + + _ BANDGAP & BIAS GND _ VREF OUT VREF 1.24V OSCILLATOR PWM COMPARATOR DRIVER PWM CONTROL _ 2 Figure 3. Functional Block Diagram of AP3700/A Mar. 2008 Rev. 1. 4 BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited 3 Data Sheet LOW POWER PWM CONTROLLER FOR OFF-LINE BATTERY CHARGER AP3700/A Ordering Information AP3700 E1: Lead Free G1: Green Circuit Type TR: Ammo Blank: Bulk Blank: AP3700 A: AP3700A Package Switching Frequency Temperature Range Package Z: TO-92 Part Number Lead Free Green AP3700Z-E1 TO-92 60kHz -40 to 85oC Marking ID Lead Free AP3700Z-G1 3700Z-E1 Packing Type Green 3700Z-G1 Bulk Ammo AP3700ZTR-E1 AP3700ZTR-G1 3700Z-E1 3700Z-G1 AP3700AZ-E1 AP3700AZ-G1 3700AZ-E1 3700AZ-G1 Bulk AP3700AZTR-E1 AP3700AZTR-G1 3700AZ-E1 3700AZ-G1 Ammo BCD Semiconductor's Pb-free products, as designated with "E1" suffix in the part number, are RoHS compliant. Products with "G1" suffix are available in green packages. Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1) Parameter Value Unit Supply Voltage -0.3 to 6.0 V Voltage at OUT (Note 2) -0.3 to 40 V Output Current at OUT Internally limited A Power Dissipation 0.6 W Operating Junction Temperature 150 oC -65 to 150 oC Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10s) 300 oC ESD (Machine Model) 200 V Storage Temperature Note 1: Stresses greater than those listed under "Absolute Maximum Ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under "Recommended Operating Conditions" is not implied. Exposure to "Absolute Maximum Ratings" for extended periods may affect device reliability. Note 2: The Breadown Voltage. The actual operating voltage can not be greater than the value listed here. Mar. 2008 Rev. 1. 4 BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited 4 Data Sheet LOW POWER PWM CONTROLLER FOR OFF-LINE BATTERY CHARGER AP3700/A Electrical Characteristics (VCC=4V, TJ=25oC, unless otherwise specified.) Parameter Symbol Conditions Min Typ Max Unit VTH (ST) 5.00 5.25 5.50 V VOPR(min) 3.4 3.65 3.9 V 0.22 0.4 0.45 0.7 UVLO SECTION Start-up Voltage Minimal Operating Voltage STANDBY CURRENT SECTION Start-up Current (Note 3) IST Operating Current ICC(OPR) VCC Zener Voltage VZ Dynamic Impedance RVCC VCC=4V ICC=10mA 6 VCC=3.8 to 4.8V mA 6.3 V 18 kΩ INTERNAL OSCILLATOR Switching Frequency FSW Frequency Dither 50 60 75 kHz ±2 ±2.5 ±3 kHz 5 8 % 11 V Temperature Stability DRIVE OUTPUT SECTION OUT Start-up Voltage VST 8.5 Short Circuit Threashold Voltage (Note 4) VSC 6 Rise Time TR CL=1nF, 15Ω pull-up 60 Fall Time TF CL=1nF, 15Ω pull-up 30 Maximum Duty Cycle DMAX Minimum Duty Cycle Driver OUT On-Resistance ROUT Switch Off Current (OUT) Effective Current Limit OUT Current Coefficient ILIM VOPR(min) + 0.2V 67 75 VCC=VTH (ST)-0.2V 3 IOUT=0.06A 3 Driver off, VOUT=10V 20 VCC = VOPR+0.1V GA For AP3700 460 For AP3700A 500 V ns 84 % Ω 40 µA mA -0.3 A/V Note 3: AP3700/A is an emitter drive controller, the PWM controller will start up only when the voltage on the OUT pin rises up to its threshould value. Note 4: AP3700/A performs its short circuit function by shutdown the OUT pulse when the OUT pin voltage drops below its short circuit threshold value. Mar. 2008 Rev. 1. 4 BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited 5 Data Sheet LOW POWER PWM CONTROLLER FOR OFF-LINE BATTERY CHARGER AP3700/A Typical Performance Characteristics 500 300 Start-up Current (µA) Operating Current (µA) 280 450 400 260 240 220 350 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 200 -40 -25 -10 95 110 125 o 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 Ambient Temperature ( C) Figure 4. Operating Current vs. Ambient Temperature Figure 5. Start-up Current vs. Ambient Temperature 500 65 400 High Side frequency for dither Start-up Current (µA) Switching Frequency (KHz) 5 o Ambient Temperature ( C) 60 Low Side frequency for dither 55 300 200 100 50 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 0 95 110 125 o 1 2 3 4 5 VCC Voltage (V) Ambient Temperature ( C) Figure 6. Switching Frequency vs. Ambient Temperature Mar. 2008 Rev. 1. 4 Figure 7. Start-up Current vs. VCC Voltage BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited 6 Data Sheet LOW POWER PWM CONTROLLER FOR OFF-LINE BATTERY CHARGER AP3700/A Function Description 1. Startup Circuit Figure 3 is the functional block diagram of AP3700/A, and there are 3 external pins: the VCC pin, the OUT pin and GND pin. In typical application shown by Figure 10, the VCC pin is used for both bias supply and feedback control. The OUT pin directly drives external NPN transistor or MOSFET, and also provides initial bias power for UVLO comparator. When the IC works in PWM mode, the auxiliary winding will supply the VCC enough operating current. Figure 8 shows the start-up sequence of the VCC and the VOUT. Figure 9. Frequency Dither Influences the Swithcing Cycle AP3700/A has reference switching frequency of 60 kHz, and its frequency deviation is ±2.5kHz in period of 2ms. Figure 9 shows the frequency dither influence to the waveform . CH1: VCC CH2: OUT 4. Current Limit Control The AP3700/A employs current mode control to improve transient response and voltage stability. In Figure 10, the external inductor current through the OUT pin is converted to a voltage by an internal resistor, and this voltage will participate to control duty cycle and peak inductor current. Figure 8. Start-up Sequence of VCC and VOUT 2. VCC/Feedback Control An opto-coupler and secondary constant voltage/ current controller consists of voltage feedback network. When load is heavy, the voltage on VCC will be lower to enlarge duty cycle; on the contrary, if load drops, the voltage on VCC will rise to reduce duty cycle. 3. Frequency Dither Frequency dither is performed by periodically spreading a single switching frequency into adjacent frequency band, so the peak energy is spread. This technique can improve EMI by reducing both quasipeak and average EMI emissions. Mar. 2008 Rev. 1. 4 BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited 7 Data Sheet LOW POWER PWM CONTROLLER FOR OFF-LINE BATTERY CHARGER AP3700/A Typical Application R1 10/1W Bridge D1-D4 1N4007*4 L1 330µ R2 R4 1.5M 100k D9 SB240 T1 EE16 L2 5.5µ C9 470µ C11 470µ 5V/1A VO+ C2 4.7µ + + C3 2200p + R13 6.2k Rs 0.2 VOD5 FR107 C10 47µ D7 1N4148 D8 1N4148 R5 4.7 Q1 APT13003 R15 2k + J1 AC 85-264V + C1 4.7µ C8 0.1µ R9 100k R8 200 U3 PC817 D6 1N4148 C7 2.2n R6 390 3 R7 510 OUT + C4 10µ VCC GND 2 U1 AP3700 3 + C5 10µ 1 C6 3.3n 6 R10 22k cc VVOUT VCTRL 1 VCC VSENSE 5 GND 2 R12 100 R11 510 4 ICTRL U2 AP4313 Figure 10. 5V/1A Output for Battery Charger of Mobile Phone Mar. 2008 Rev. 1. 4 BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited 8 Data Sheet LOW POWER PWM CONTROLLER FOR OFF-LINE BATTERY CHARGER AP3700/A Mechanical Dimensions Unit: mm(inch) TO-92 (Bulk Packing) 1.100(0.043) 3.430(0.135) MIN 3.700(0.146) 3.300(0.130) 1.400(0.055) 0.360(0.014) 0.510(0.020) 0.000(0.000) 0.380(0.015) Φ1.600(0.063) MAX 4.700(0.185) 0.380(0.015) 0.550(0.022) 14.100(0.555) 14.500(0.571) 4.300(0.169) 4.400(0.173) 4.700(0.185) 1.270(0.050) TYP 2.440(0.096) 2.640(0.104) Mar. 2008 Rev. 1. 4 BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited 9 Data Sheet LOW POWER PWM CONTROLLER FOR OFF-LINE BATTERY CHARGER AP3700/A Mechanical Dimensions (Continued) TO-92 (Ammo Packing) Unit: mm(inch) 1.100(0.043) 1.270(0.050) Typ 4.500(0.177) 5.500(0.217) 0.360(0.014) 3.700(0.146) 0.000(0.000) 0.380(0.015) 1.600(0.063) MAX 14.000(0.551) 0.510(0.020) 13.000(0.512) 3.300(0.130) 1.400(0.055) 3.430(0.135) MIN 4.700(0.185) 4.300(0.169) 4.400(0.173) 4.700(0.185) 0.380(0.015) 0.550(0.022) 2.540(0.100) Typ Mar. 2008 Rev. 1. 4 BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited 10 BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited http://www.bcdsemi.com IMPORTANT NOTICE BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products or specifications herein. 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