Technology Licensed from International Rectifier Advanced Power Electronics Corp. APU1150 4A ULTRA LOW DROPOUT POSITIVE ADJUSTABLE REGULATOR DESCRIPTION FEATURES The APU1150 is a 4A regulator with extremely low dropout voltage using a proprietary bipolar process that achieves comparable equivalent on-resistance to that of discrete MOSFETs. This product is specifically designed to provide well regulated supply for applications requiring 2.8V or lower voltages from 3.3V ATX power supplies where high efficiency of a switcher can be achieved without the cost and complexity associated with switching regulators. One such application is the new graphic chip sets that require anywhere from 2.4V to 2.7V supply such as the Intel I740 chip set. 0.7V Dropout at 4A Fast Transient Response 1% Voltage Reference Initial Accuracy Built-In Thermal Shutdown RoHS Compliant & Halogen Free APPLICATIONS 3.3V to 2.7V Intel I740 Chip Set TYPICAL APPLICATION 3.3V C1 100uF APU1150 VIN 5 VCTRL 4 VOUT 3 2.7V Adj 2 R1 102 VSENSE 1 R2 118 5V C3 100uF C2 100uF Figure 1 - Typical application of APU1150 in a 3.3V to 2.7V for I740 chip. PACKAGE/ORDER INFORMATION TJ (°C) 0 To 125 5-PIN PLASTIC TO-263 (S) APU1150S-HF Data and specifications subject to change without notice. 8-PIN PLASTIC SOIC (M) APU1150M-HF 1 200908201 Advanced Power Electronics Corp. APU1150 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Input Voltage (VIN) .................................................... 7V Control Input Voltage (VCTRL) ..................................... 14V Power Dissipation ..................................................... Internally Limited Storage Temperature Range ...................................... -65°C To 150°C Operating Junction Temperature Range ..................... 0°C To 150°C PACKAGE INFORMATION 5-PIN PLASTIC TO-263 (S) 8-PIN PLASTIC SOIC (M) FRONT VIEW 5 Tab is V OUT 4 3 2 1 TOP VIEW VIN VCTRL VOUT Adj VSENSE VCTRL VIN Adj VSENSE 1 8 2 7 3 6 4 5 VOUT VOUT VOUT VOUT θJA=55°C/W for 1" Sq pad area θJA=35°C/W for 0.5" square pad ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS Unless otherwise specified, these specifications apply over CIN=1µF, COUT=10µF, and TJ=0 to 125 C. Typical values refer to TJ=25 C. VOUT=VSENSE. PARAMETER Reference Voltage SYM VREF TEST CONDITION MAX UNITS 1.225 1.250 1.275 V -5 -0.2 +5 mV -5 3 +5 mV 1.00 1.05 1.13 1.15 1.15 1.20 V 0.26 0.50 0.70 0.38 0.60 1.15 V 4.65 1 0.01 6 10 A mA %/W VCTRL=2.5V to 7V, VIN=1.75V to 5.5V, Load Regulation (Note 1) Dropout Voltage (Note 2) (VCTRL - VOUT) Dropout Voltage (Note 2) (VIN - VOUT) Current Limit Minimum Load Current (Note 3) Thermal Regulation Ripple Rejection Control Pin Current Adjust Pin Current TYP VCTRL=2.7 to 12V, VIN=2.05V to 5.5V, Io=10mA to 4A, VADJ=0V Line Regulation MIN IADJ Io=10mA, VADJ=0V VCTRL=2.75V, VIN=2.1V, Io=10mA to 4A, VADJ=0V VADJ=0V for all conditions below: VIN=2.05V, Io=1.5A VIN=2.05V, Io=3A VIN=2.05V, Io=4A VADJ=0V for all conditions below: VCTRL=2.75V, Io=1.5A VCTRL=2.75V, Io=3A VCTRL=2.75V, Io=4A VCTRL=2.75V, VIN=2.05V, ∆Vo=100mV, VADJ=0V VCTRL=5V, VIN=3.3V, VADJ=0V 30ms Pulse VCTRL=5V, VIN=5V, Io=4A, VADJ=0V, TJ=25 C, VRIPPLE=1VPP at 120Hz VADJ=0V for all below conditions: VCTRL=2.75V, VIN=2.05V, Io=1.5A VCTRL=2.75V, VIN=2.05V, Io=3A VCTRL=2.75V, VIN=2.05V, Io=4A VCTRL=2.75V, VIN=2.05V, VADJ=0V 4.2 dB 70 16 36 67 50 25 50 85 mA µA 2 Advanced Power Electronics Corp. Note 1: Low duty cycle pulse testing with Kelvin connections is required in order to maintain accurate data. Note 2: Dropout voltage is defined as the minimum differential between VIN and VOUT required to maintain regulation at VOUT. It is measured when the output voltage drops 1% below its nominal value. APU1150 Note 3: Minimum load current is defined as the minimum current required at the output in order for the output voltage to maintain regulation. Typically the resistor dividers are selected such that it automatically maintains this current. PIN DESCRIPTIONS PIN # 1 PIN SYMBOL PIN DESCRIPTION VSENSE This pin is the positive side of the reference which allows remote load sensing to achieve excellent load regulation. 2 Adj A resistor divider from this pin to the VOUT pin and ground sets the output voltage. 3 VOUT The output of the regulator. A minimum of 10µF capacitor must be connected from this pin to ground to insure stability. 4 VCTRL This pin is the supply pin for the internal control circuitry as well as the base drive for the pass transistor. This pin must always be higher than the VOUT pin in order for the device to regulate. (See specifications) 5 VIN The input pin of the regulator. Typically a large storage capacitor is connected from this pin to ground to insure that the input voltage does not sag below the minimum drop out voltage during the load transient response. This pin must always be higher than VOUT in order for the device to regulate. (See specifications) BLOCK DIAGRAM VIN 5 3 VOUT VCTRL 4 1 VSENSE + 1.25V + CURRENT LIMIT THERMAL SHUTDOWN 2 Adj Figure 2 - Simplified block diagram of the APU1150. 3 Advanced Power Electronics Corp. APU1150 APPLICATION INFORMATION Introduction The APU1150 adjustable regulator is a five-terminal device designed specifically to provide extremely low dropout voltages comparable to the PNP type without the disadvantage of the extra power dissipation due to the base current associated with PNP regulators. This is done by bringing out the control pin of the regulator that provides the base current to the power NPN and connecting it to a voltage that is grater than the voltage present at the VIN pin. This flexibility makes the APU1150 ideal for applications where dual inputs are available such as a computer mother board with an ATX style power supply that provides 5V and 3.3V to the board. One such application is the new graphic chip sets that require anywhere from 2.4V to 2.7V supply such as the Intel I740 chip set. The APU1150 can easily be programmed with the addition of two external resistors to any voltages within the range of 1.25 to 5.5 V. Another major requirement of these graphic chips such as the Intel I740 is the need to switch the load current from zero to several amps in tens of nanoseconds at the processor pins, which translates to an approximately 300 to 500ns of current step at the regulator. In addition, the output voltage tolerances are also extremely tight and they include the transient response as part of the specification. The APU1150 is specifically designed to meet the fast current transient needs as well as providing an accurate initial voltage, reducing the overall system cost with the need for fewer number of output capacitors. Another feature of the device is its true remote sensing capability which allows accurate voltage setting at the load rather than at the device. Output Voltage Setting The APU1150 can be programmed to any voltages in the range of 1.25V to 5.5V with the addition of R1 and R2 external resistors according to the following formula: ( VOUT = VREF× 1+ ) R2 +IADJ×R2 R1 Where: VREF = 1.25V Typically IADJ = 50µA Typically R1 and R2 as shown in Figure 3: VIN VOUT VOUT VIN APU1150 VCTRL VSENSE VCTRL Adj VREF IADJ = 50uA R1 R2 Figure 3 - Typical application of the APU1150 for programming the output voltage. The APU1150 keeps a constant 1.25V between the VSENSE pin and the VADJ pin. By placing a resistor R1 across these two pins and connecting the VSENSE and VOUT pin together, a constant current flows through R1, adding to the Iadj current and into the R2 resistor producing a voltage equal to the (1.25/R1)×R2 + IADJ×R2. This voltage is then added to the 1.25V to set the output voltage. This is summarized in the above equation. Since the minimum load current requirement of the APU1150 is 10mA, R1 is typically selected to be a 121Ω resistor so that it automatically satisfies this condition. Notice that since the IADJ is typically in the range of 50µA it only adds a small error to the output voltage and should be considered when very precise output voltage setting is required. Load Regulation Since the APU1150 has separate pins for the output (VOUT) and the sense (VSENSE), it is ideal for providing true remote sensing of the output voltage at the load. This means that the voltage drops due to parasitic resistance such as PCB traces between the regulator and the load are compensated for using remote sensing. Figure 4 shows a typical application of the APU1150 with remote sensing. VIN VOUT Vin APU1150 VCTRL VCTRL VSENSE Adj RL R1 R2 Figure 4 - Schematic showing connection for best load regulation. 4 Advanced Power Electronics Corp. Stability The APU1150 requires the use of an output capacitor as part of the frequency compensation in order to make the regulator stable. Typical designs for the microprocessor applications use standard electrolytic capacitors with typical ESR in the range of 50 to 100mΩ and an output capacitance of 500 to 1000µF. Fortunately as the capacitance increases, the ESR decreases resulting in a fixed RC time constant. The APU1150 takes advantage of this phenomena in making the overall regulator loop stable. For most applications a minimum of 100µF aluminum electrolytic capacitor such as Sanyo, MVGX series, Panasonic FA series as well as the Nichicon PL series insures both stability and good transient response. Thermal Design The APU1150 incorporates an internal thermal shutdown that protects the device when the junction temperature exceeds the allowable maximum junction temperature. Although this device can operate with junction temperatures in the range of 150 C, it is recommended that the selected heat sink be chosen such that during maximum continuous load operation the junction temperature is kept below this number. The example below shows the steps in selecting the proper surface mount package. APU1150 Assuming, the following conditions: VOUT = 2.7V VIN = 3.3V VCTRL = 5V IOUT = 2A (DC Avg) Calculate the maximum power dissipation using the following equation: ( I60 )×(V - V ) 2 P = 2×(3.3 - 2.7)+( )×(5 - 2.7) = 1.28W 60 PD = IOUT×(VIN - VOUT)+ OUT CTRL OUT D Using table below select the proper package and the amount of copper board needed. Pkg TO-263 TO-263 TO-263 TO-263 SO-8 Copper θJA(°C/W) Area 1.4"X1.4" 25 1.0"X1.0" 30 0.7"X0.7" 35 Pad Size 45 1.0"X1.0" 55 Max Pd (TA=25°C) 4.4W 3.7W 3.1W 2.4W 2.0W Max Pd (TA=45°C) 3.6W 3.0W 2.6W 2.0W 1.63W Note: Above table is based on the maximum junction temperature of 135 C. As shown in the above table, any of the two packages will do the job. For low cost applications the SOIC 8-pin package is recommended. 5 ADVANCED POWER ELECTRONICS CORP. Package Outline : SO-8 D SYMBOLS 8 7 6 5 E1 1 2 3 E 4 e B Millimeters MIN NOM MAX A 1.35 1.55 1.75 A1 0.10 0.18 0.25 B 0.33 0.41 0.51 c 0.19 0.22 0.25 D 4.80 4.90 5.00 E 5.80 6.15 6.50 E1 3.80 3.90 4.00 e 1.27 TYP G 0.254 TYP L 0.38 － 0.90 α 0.00 4.00 8.00 A 1.All Dimension Are In Millimeters. A1 2.Dimension Does Not Include Mold Protrusions. G Part Marking Information & Packing : SO-8 Laser Marking Part Number Package Code U1150M YWWSSS Date Code (YWWSSS) Y：Last Digit Of The Year WW：Week SSS：Sequence Draw No. M1-M-8-G-v01 ADVANCED POWER ELECTRONICS CORP. Package Outline : TO-263-5L Millimeters SYMBOLS MIN NOM MAX A 4.40 4.60 4.80 b 0.66 0.79 0.91 L4 0.00 0.15 0.30 c 0.36 0.43 0.50 L1 2.29 2.54 2.79 E 9.80 10.10 10.40 7.60 E1 c2 1.25 8.60 8.80 D1 5.90 e 1.70 L θ 1.45 1.27 L2 D 1.35 9.00 14.60 15.20 15.80 0° 4° 8° 1.All Dimensions Are in Millimeters. 2.Dimension Does Not Include Mold Protrusions. Part Marking Information & Packing : TO-263-5L Part Number Package Code U1150S LOGO YWWSSS Date Code (YWWSSS) Y：Last Digit Of The Year WW：Week SSS：Sequence