MAX12000ETB+

EVALUATION KIT AVAILABLE
MAX12000
1575MHz GPS Front-End Amplifier
General Description
The MAX12000 GPS front-end amplifier IC is designed
for marine GPS satellite navigation antenna modules or
for any application that needs to compensate for cable
losses from the GPS antenna to receiver. Two unconditionally stable low-noise amplifier stages provide the high
gain and integrated I/O matching to minimize the need for
external matching components and eliminate the need
for additional gain stages. The MAX12000 features the
option to place a bandpass ceramic or SAW filter between
the two amplifier stages to provide a narrow-band output
to further improve the noise performance of the GPS
receiver. Additionally, a 3.4dB gain step is provided to
compensate for cable loss variation between different
applications.
The MAX12000 is designed to operate at the GPS frequency of 1575MHz with a 34.8dB typical cascaded gain
and a 25mA supply current. The two LNA stages allow
the use of a wide range of GPS filter types for maximum
flexibility in system design. The final RF output pin, which
drives the cable to the GPS receiver, is also the power-supply connection that accepts a DC supply in the
+3.0V to +5.5V range. Alternatively, the DC supply can be
applied to pin 4.
Features
●● First Amp Noise Figure*: 1.0dB
●● High Gain**: 34.8dB
●● 3.4dB Gain Step
●● Integrated 50Ω Output Matching
●● 3.0V to 5.5V Supply Voltage Range
●● Small, Low-Cost Package (3mm x 3mm)
●● ESD Protected to ±1kV Human Body Model
*Without external input impedance match.
**First amplifier input is impedance matched (S11 = -10dB).
Second amplifier set to high gain. Amplifiers cascaded without
interstage filter.
Ordering Information
PART
TEMP RANGE
PINPACKAGE
MAX12000ETB+
-40°C to +85°C
10 TDFN
+Denotes a lead(Pb)-free/RoHS-compliant package.
The GPS front-end amplifier is designed on a low-noise,
advanced SiGe process and is available in a lead-free,
10-pin TDFN surface-mount package (3mm x 3mm).
Typical Operating Circuit appears at end of data sheet.
Applications
●● Marine GPS Receivers
Pin Configuration/Functional Diagram
TOP VIEW
+
RFIN2
1
GND
2
GND
3
EXTCAP/ALT_VCC
4
RFOUT2/VCC
5
AMP 2
AMP 1
DC
GENERATION
TDFN
19-4021; Rev 1; 9/14
10 RFOUT1
MAX12000
9
GND
8
GND
7
GAIN_SELECT
6
RFIN1
MAX12000
1575MHz GPS Front-End Amplifier
Absolute Maximum Ratings
RFOUT1, RFOUT2, EXTCAP to GND...... -0.3V to (VCC + 0.5V)
RFIN1 Input Power (50Ω source)....................................+15dBm
RFIN1 to GND.......................................................-0.3V to +0.3V
RFIN2 to GND.......................................................-0.3V to +1.0V
GAIN_SELECT to GND............................. -0.3V to (VCC + 0.3V)
Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70°C)
10-Pin TDFN (derate 18.5mW/°C above +70°C).......1481mW
Operating Ambient Temperature Range............ -40°C to +105°C
Maximum Junction Temperature......................................+150°C
Storage Temperature Range............................. -65°C to +150°C
Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s).................................. +300°C
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these
or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect
device reliability.
CAUTION! ESD SENSITIVE DEVICE
DC Electrical Characteristics
(VCC = +3.0V to +5.5V, TA = -40°C to +85°C. Typical values are at +5.0V and at TA = +25°C. Pin 7 open, unless otherwise noted.)
(Note 1)
PARAMETER
Supply Voltage
SYMBOL
VCC
Supply Current
ICC
Gain-Select Input Current
IIL
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
3.0
TA = +25°C
15.0
TA = -40°C to 105°C (Note 2)
25
MAX
UNITS
5.5
V
30.2
33
VIL = 0V
20
100
mA
µA
AC Electrical Characteristics
(VCC = +3.0V to +5.5V, PIN = -40dBm, fIN = 1575MHz, TA = -40°C to +85°C. Typical values are at +5.0V and at TA = +25°C. Input
matched to 50Ω, load = 50Ω, pin 7 open, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 1)
PARAMETER
Operation Frequency
AMP 1 Gain
SYMBOL
fRF
|S21|
CONDITIONS
MIN
50W source with no input match (Note 3)
15.0
50W source with input match
AMP 1 Output Return Loss
AMP 1 Reverse Isolation
AMP 2 Gain
AMP 2 Gain Step
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16.7
NF
IIP3
No input match (Notes 3, 4)
Two tones at 1574.5MHz and 1575.5MHz,
-35dBm per tone
1
50W source with no input match (Note 3)
|S11|
No input match (Note 3)
|S22|
|S12|
|S21|
Gain change when pin 7 is shorted to GND
OIP3
dB
dB
1.3
dB
-12
dBm
-19
dBm
-4.4
dB
-14.5
dB
-33
dB
15.0
17
19.6
dB
-2.8
-3.4
-4.0
dB
1
NF
UNITS
MHz
18.5
0.3
AMP 2 Gain Variation Over
Temperature
AMP 2 Noise Figure
AMP 2 Output Third-Order
Intercept Point
AMP 2 Output 1dB Compression
Point
MAX
17.8
AMP 1 Gain Variation Over
Temperature
AMP 1 Noise Figure
AMP 1 Input Third-Order
Intercept Point
AMP 1 Input 1dB Compression
Point
AMP 1 Input Return Loss
TYP
1575
(Note 4)
Two tones at 1574.5MHz and 1575.5MHz,
-30dBm per tone
2.0
1.5
dB
2.4
dB
16.0
dBm
5.3
dBm
Maxim Integrated │ 2
MAX12000
1575MHz GPS Front-End Amplifier
AC Electrical Characteristics (continued)
(VCC = +3.0V to +5.5V, PIN = -40dBm, fIN = 1575MHz, TA = -40°C to +85°C. Typical values are at +5.0V and at TA = +25°C. Input
matched to 50Ω, load = 50Ω, pin 7 open, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 1)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
AMP 2 Input Return Loss
AMP 2 Output Return Loss
MIN
TYP
|S22|
AMP 2 Reverse Isolation
Note
Note
Note
Note
CONDITIONS
|S11|
|S12|
MAX
UNITS
-21
dB
-8.8
dB
-25
dB
1: At TA = -40°C, the minimum and maximum values are guaranteed by design and characterization, unless otherwise noted.
2: At TA = -40°C and +105°C, the maximum value is guaranteed by design and characterization.
3: Measured using MAX12000 evaluation board with a DC-blocking capacitor at the input of LNA 1.
4: At TA = +25°C, the maximum value is guaranteed by design and characterization. Specification is corrected for board
losses on the MAX12000 EV kit.
Typical Operating Characteristics
(PIN = -40dBm, fIN = 1575MHz, inputs and outputs are terminated to 50Ω, VCC = +5.0V, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
1.0
0.9
0.8
3.5
3.0
2.5
2.0
0.7
1.5
0.6
1.0
-40
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100
HIGH-GAIN MODE
-40
-20
0
AMP 1 GAIN vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE
(WITH EXTERNAL INPUT IMPEDANCE MATCH)
TA = -40°C
TA = +25°C
17.8
17.7
TA = +85°C
17.6
17.5
17.3
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
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5.0
5.5
80
21.5
100
TA = -40°C
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
AMP 2 GAIN vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE
(PIN 7 SHORT TO GND)
15.0
14.5
TA = -40°C
14.0
TA = +25°C
16.5
3.0
23.5
AMP 2 GAIN vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE
(PIN 7 OPEN)
17.0
15.5
TA = +25°C
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
16.0
TA = +105°C
17.4
60
17.5
GAIN (dB)
GAIN (dB)
17.9
40
24.5
22.5
MAX12000 toc05
18.0
18.0
MAX12000 toc04
18.1
20
TA = +85°C
25.5
TEMPERATURE (°C)
TEMPERATURE (°C)
3.5
4.0
13.0
TA = +105°C
12.5
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
5.0
5.5
12.0
5.5
TA = -40°C
13.5
TA = +85°C
4.5
MAX12000 toc03
LOW-GAIN MODE
4.0
TA = +105°C
26.5
MAX12000 toc06
1.1
27.5
SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)
4.5
NOISE FIGURE (dB)
1.2
5.0
GAIN (dB)
1.3
NOISE FIGURE (dB)
5.5
MAX12000 toc01
1.4
SUPPLY VOLTAGE vs. CURRENT
(PIN 7 OPEN)
AMP 2 NOISE FIGURE vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX12000 toc02
AMP 1 NOISE FIGURE vs. TEMPERATURE
(WITHOUT EXTERNAL INPUT IMPEDANCE MATCH)
TA = +25°C
TA = +85°C
TA = +105°C
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
Maxim Integrated │ 3
MAX12000
1575MHz GPS Front-End Amplifier
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(PIN = -40dBm, fIN = 1575MHz, inputs and outputs are terminated to 50Ω, VCC = +5.0V, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
15
10
8
LOW-GAIN MODE
6
14
4
13
2
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
0
2000
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
-19
-20
-22
2000
FREQUENCY (MHz)
AMP 2 OUTPUT P1dB vs. TEMPERATURE
(PIN 7 OPEN)
AMP 1 S11
(WITHOUT EXTERNAL INPUT IMPEDANCE MATCH)
-20
0
20
40
60
80
60
80
100
-10
-4.0
-12
-4.5
-14
800
TEMPERATURE (°C)
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
-16
2000
800
1000
FREQUENCY (MHz)
1200
1400
1600
1800
2000
FREQUENCY (MHz)
AMP 2 S11
AMP 2 S22
-5
MAX12000 toc14
-4
MAX12000 toc13
0
-6
-8
-10
-10
S22 (dB)
S11 (dB)
40
-8
-3.5
-5.0
100
20
-6
S22 (dB)
S11 (dB)
-40
0
AMP 1 S22
-3.0
5.0
-20
-4
MAX12000 toc11
-2.5
5.2
-40
TEMPERATURE (°C)
-2.0
5.4
MAX12000 toc09
-18
-21
FREQUENCY (MHz)
5.6
4.8
-17
INPUT P1dB (dBm)
GAIN (dB)
16
5.8
-16
12
17
12
HIGH-GAIN MODE
14
MAX12000 toc10
GAIN (dB)
18
16
MAX12000 toc12
19
OUTPUT P1dB (dB)
18
MAX12000 toc07
20
AMP 1 INPUT P1dB vs. TEMPERATURE
(WITHOUT EXTERNAL INPUT IMPEDANCE MATCH)
AMP 2 GAIN vs. FREQUENCY
MAX12000 toc08
AMP 1 GAIN vs. FREQUENCY
(WITH EXTERNAL INPUT IMPEDANCE MATCH)
-15
-12
-14
-16
-18
-20
-20
-25
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
FREQUENCY (MHz)
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1800
2000
-22
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
2000
FREQUENCY (MHz)
Maxim Integrated │ 4
MAX12000
1575MHz GPS Front-End Amplifier
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(PIN = -40dBm, fIN = 1575MHz, inputs and outputs are terminated to 50Ω, VCC = +5.0V, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
AMP 1 S12
AMP 2 S12
-36
-38
MAX12000 toc16
-24
S12 (dB)
S12 (dB)
-34
-40
800
-20
MAX12000 toc15
-32
-28
-32
-36
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
2000
-40
800
FREQUENCY (MHz)
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
2000
FREQUENCY (MHz)
Pin Description
PIN
NAME
FUNCTION
1
RFIN2
Amplifier 2 Input. Incorporates an internal DC-blocking capacitor and is internally matched to 50W.
This input is designed to be connected to a bandpass filter.
2, 3, 8, 9
GND
4
EXTCAP/
ALT_VCC
External Smoothing Capacitor for Internal Supply Voltage or Can Be Used as the External DC Supply
Pin to Eliminate the Need for a Bias-T on Pin 5
5
RFOUT2/VCC
Amplifier 2 Output. Incorporates an internal DC-blocking capacitor and is internally matched to 50W.
DC bias on this pin serves as the power supply through a bias-T.
6
7
RFIN1
Electrical Ground
Amplifier 1 Input. Requires external DC-blocking capacitor and matching components.
GAIN_SELECT AMP 2 Gain Select. Open is high-gain mode. Short to ground is low-gain mode.
10
RFOUT1
Amplifier 1 Output. Incorporates an internal DC-blocking capacitor and is internally matched to 50W.
This output is designed to drive a bandpass filter.
EP
Exposed Pad
Ground. The exposed pad must be soldered to the circuit board for proper thermal and electrical
performance.
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Maxim Integrated │ 5
MAX12000
1575MHz GPS Front-End Amplifier
Detailed Description
Supply
The IC power can be supplied from the navigation system
through the RF cable (pin 5). An integrated filter circuit is
connected to the output of LNA 2 to separate the supply
voltage from the GPS signal. Alternatively, the supply voltage can be applied to the external capacitor pin (pin 4).
The MAX12000 IC contains two LNA stages tuned for use
at 1575MHz.
AMP 1
AMP 1 has an internal load that limits the bandwidth and
provides a 50Ω output impedance through a DC-blocking
capacitor. The internal biasing for AMP 1 suppresses gain
variation with changes in temperature and supply voltage.
At the input, an integrated DC-blocking capacitor and
matching network are intentionally omitted to allow selection of external components to optimize for noise or gain.
Layout Considerations
For best performance, carefully lay out the printed circuit board using high-frequency techniques. Use controlled-impedance transmission lines to interface with the
MAX12000 high-speed inputs and outputs and isolate the
input signals from the output signals as much as possible. For improved noise figure, keep the connection to
the input of LNA 1 as short as possible. A power-supply
decoupling capacitor should be placed very close to pin
4 and connected directly to a ground plane. If low-gain
selection for LNA 2 is required, connect pin 7 directly to
the ground plane with a very short printed circuit board
trace. Good grounding is critical for this device. The backside ground plane should be as close as possible. See
Figure 1 for printed circuit board layout.
AMP 2 with Gain Step
The output of AMP 2 has the dual role of providing both
the RF output drive and receiving the DC power supply
through a single cable. Both the input and output ports
of AMP 2 are internally matched to 50Ω impedance at
1575MHz. A 3.4dB gain switch can be used to adjust
the gain for different applications. The gain-select pin is
connected to an inverter with an internal pullup resistor.
Hence, the gain-select pin is set by default to high-gain
mode. Shorting the gain-select pin to ground sets the gain
stage to a 3.4dB lower gain. As with AMP 1, AMP 2 has an
internal load that limits the bandwidth, and the amplifier’s
internal biasing suppresses gain variation with changes in
temperature and supply voltage.
Typical Operating Circuit
SAW
PINNING:
1 = LNA 2 INPUT
2 = GND
3 = GND
4 = EXTCAP/ALT_VCC
5 = LNA 2 OUTPUT/VCC
6 = LNA 1 INPUT
7 = GAIN SETTING
8 = GND
9 = GND
10 = LNA 1 OUTPUT
MATCHING
NETWORK/
DC BLOCK
6
4
VCC
REG
VCC
REG
LNA 1
LNA 2
5
7
MAX12000
8/9 EXPOSED PADDLE
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1
10
2/3
OUTPUT
GAIN SETTING
OPEN = 31.4dB GAIN
SHORT TO GROUND = 28dB GAIN
Maxim Integrated │ 6
MAX12000
1575MHz GPS Front-End Amplifier
Figure 1. Layout of the Evaluation Board Realized on 0.8mm FR4 (Not to Scale)
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Maxim Integrated │ 7
MAX12000
1575MHz GPS Front-End Amplifier
Package Information
For the latest package outline information and land patterns (footprints), go to www.maximintegrated.com/packages. Note that a “+”,
“#”, or “-” in the package code indicates RoHS status only. Package drawings may show a different suffix character, but the drawing
pertains to the package regardless of RoHS status.
PACKAGE TYPE
PACKAGE CODE
DOCUMENT NO.
LAND PATTERN NO.
10 TDFN
T1033-2
21-0137
90-0061
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Maxim Integrated │ 8
MAX12000
1575MHz GPS Front-End Amplifier
Revision History
REVISION
NUMBER
REVISION
DATE
0
3/06
Initial release
—
1
9/14
Removed automotive reference from data sheet
1
DESCRIPTION
PAGES
CHANGED
For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim Direct at 1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim Integrated’s website at www.maximintegrated.com.
Maxim Integrated cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim Integrated product. No circuit patent licenses
are implied. Maxim Integrated reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time. The parametric values (min and max limits)
shown in the Electrical Characteristics table are guaranteed. Other parametric values quoted in this data sheet are provided for guidance.
Maxim Integrated and the Maxim Integrated logo are trademarks of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.
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