Single-Ended Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors ESC Series, +105ºC Overview Applications KEMET's ESC Series of single-ended aluminum electrolytic capacitors are designed for high frequency applications. Typical applications include high frequency switch mode circuits. Benefits • • • • • Low impedance Operating temperature of up to +105°C 2,000 – 3,000 hour operating life Case with Ø D ≥ 6.3 mm Safety vent on the capacitor base Part Number System ESC 157 M 6R3 A C3 AA Series Capacitance Code (pF) Tolerance Rated Voltage (VDC) Electrical Parameters Size Code Packaging Single-Ended Aluminum Electrolytic Digits 4 – 5 represent the first two digits of the capacitance value. The final digit indicates the number of zeros to be added. M = ±20% 6R3 = 6.3 010 = 10 016 = 16 025 = 25 035 = 35 050 = 50 063 = 63 100 = 100 A = Standard See Dimension Table See Ordering Options Table One world. One KEMET © KEMET Electronics Corporation • P.O. Box 5928 • Greenville, SC 29606 (864) 963-6300 • www.kemet.com A4006_ESC • 5/15/2014 1 Single-Ended Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors – ESC Series, +105ºC Ordering Options Table Diameter Packaging Type Lead Type Lead Length (mm) Lead and Packaging Code Standard Bulk Packaging Options 4 – 22 Bulk (bag) Straight 20/15 Minimum AA Standard Auto-Insertion Packaging Options 4–5 6.3 8 10 – 13 16 Tape & Reel Formed to 2.5 mm H0 = 16.5 ±0.75 LA Tape & Reel 2.5 mm Lead Spacing H0 = 18.5 ±0.75 KA Tape & Reel Formed to 5 mm H0 = 16.5 ±0.75 JA Ammo 5 mm Lead Spacing H0 = 18.5 ±0.75 EA Ammo 7.5 mm Lead Spacing H0 = 18.5 ±0.75 EA Other Packaging Options 4–8 4–8 4–5 4 – 6.3 4 – 5, 8 – 16 Ammo Formed to 5 mm H0 = 16.5 ±0.75 DA Ammo Straight H0 = 18.5 ±0.75 EA Ammo Formed to 2.5 mm H0 = 16.5 ±0.75 FA Tape & Reel Formed to 5 mm H0 = 16.5 ±0.75 JA Tape & Reel Straight H0 = 18.5 ±0.75 KA Contact KEMET for other Lead and Packaging options © KEMET Electronics Corporation • P.O. Box 5928 • Greenville, SC 29606 (864) 963-6300 • www.kemet.com A4006_ESC • 5/15/2014 2 Single-Ended Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors – ESC Series, +105ºC Dimensions – Millimeters Safety vent L LL+ D LLInsulated Sleeve P Polarity Stripe d Size Code C3 E3 G3 G4 G6 H1 H2 H4 L3 L4 M7 M2 M3 N2 N3 D L p d LL+/LL- Nominal Tolerance Nominal Tolerance Nominal Tolerance Nominal Tolerance Nominal Tolerance 5 6.3 8 8 8 10 10 10 13 13 16 16 16 18 18 ±0.5 ±0.5 ±0.5 ±0.5 ±0.5 ±0.5 ±0.5 ±0.5 ±0.5 ±0.5 ±0.5 ±0.5 ±0.5 ±0.5 ±0.5 11 11 11 15 20 12 15 20 20 25 25 32 36 36 40 +1.5/-0 +1.5/-0 +1.5/-0 +2.0/-0 +2.0/-0 +1.5/-0 +2.0/-0 +2.0/-0 +2.0/-0 +2.0/-0 +2.0/-0 +2.0/-0 +2.0/-0 +2.0/-0 +2.0/-0 2 2.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 5 5 5 5 5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 ±0.5 ±0.5 ±0.5 ±0.5 ±0.5 ±0.5 ±0.5 ±0.5 ±0.5 ±0.5 ±0.5 ±0.5 ±0.5 ±0.5 ±0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 Nominal Nominal Nominal Nominal Nominal Nominal Nominal Nominal Nominal Nominal Nominal Nominal Nominal Nominal Nominal 20/15 20/15 20/15 20/15 20/15 20/15 20/15 20/15 20/15 20/15 20/15 20/15 20/15 20/15 20/15 Minimum Minimum Minimum Minimum Minimum Minimum Minimum Minimum Minimum Minimum Minimum Minimum Minimum Minimum Minimum © KEMET Electronics Corporation • P.O. Box 5928 • Greenville, SC 29606 (864) 963-6300 • www.kemet.com A4006_ESC • 5/15/2014 3 Single-Ended Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors – ESC Series, +105ºC Performance Characteristics Item Performance Characteristics Capacitance Range Capacitance Tolerance Rated Voltage Life Test Operating Temperature Leakage Current 1.0 – 15,000 µF ±20% at 120 Hz / 20°C 6.3 – 100 VDC 2,000 – 3,000 hours (see conditions in Test Method & Performance) -40°C to +105°C I ≤ 0.01 CV or 3 µA, whichever is greater C = rated capacitance (µF), V = rated voltage (VDC). Voltage applied for 2 minutes at 20°C. Impedance Z Characteristics at 120 Hz Rated Voltage (VDC) 6.3 10 16 25 35 50 63 100 Z (-40°C) / Z (20°C) 10 8 5 4 4 4 4 4 Compensation Factor of Ripple Current (RC) vs. Frequency Capacitance Range (µF) 50 Hz 120 Hz 300 Hz 1 kHz 10 kHz 100 kHz 1.0 – 4.7 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.70 0.80 1.00 5.6 – 33 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.80 0.90 1.00 47 – 330 0.60 0.70 0.80 0.90 0.95 1.00 470 – 1,000 0.65 0.80 0.90 0.98 1.00 1.00 1,200 – 15,000 0.85 0.90 0.95 0.98 1.00 1.00 Compensation Factor of Ripple Current (RC) vs. Temperature Temperature 65°C 85°C 105°C Coefficient 1.90 1.60 1.00 © KEMET Electronics Corporation • P.O. Box 5928 • Greenville, SC 29606 (864) 963-6300 • www.kemet.com A4006_ESC • 5/15/2014 4 Single-Ended Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors – ESC Series, +105ºC Test Method & Performance Conditions Load Life Test Shelf Life Test 105°C 105°C Temperature Test Duration Ripple Current Voltage Performance Capacitance Change Dissipation Factor Leakage Current D x L ≤ 10 x 12 mm 2,000 hours D x L ≤ 10 x 15 mm 3,000 hours 1,000 hours Maximum ripple current specified at 100 KHz 105°C No ripple current applied The sum of DC voltage and the peak AC voltage must not exceed the rated voltage of the capacitor No voltage applied The following specifications will be satisfied when the capacitor is restored to 20°C: Within ±20% of the initial value Does not exceed 200% of the specified value Does not exceed specified value Environmental Compliance As an environmentally conscious company, KEMET is working continuously with improvements concerning the environmental effects of both our capacitors and their production. In Europe (RoHS Directive) and in some other geographical areas like China, legislation has been put in place to prevent the use of some hazardous materials, such as lead (Pb), in electronic equipment. All products in this catalog are produced to help our customers’ obligations to guarantee their products and fulfill these legislative requirements. The only material of concern in our products has been lead (Pb), which has been removed from all designs to fulfill the requirement of containing less than 0.1% of lead in any homogeneous material. KEMET will closely follow any changes in legislation world wide and makes any necessary changes in its products, whenever needed. Some customer segments such as medical, military and automotive electronics may still require the use of lead in electrode coatings. To clarify the situation and distinguish products from each other, a special symbol is used on the packaging labels for RoHS compatible capacitors. Because of customer requirements, there may appear additional markings such as LF = Lead Free or LFW = Lead Free Wires on the label. © KEMET Electronics Corporation • P.O. Box 5928 • Greenville, SC 29606 (864) 963-6300 • www.kemet.com A4006_ESC • 5/15/2014 5 Single-Ended Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors – ESC Series, +105ºC Table 1 – Ratings & Part Number Reference VDC VDC Surge Voltage Rated Capacitance 120 Hz 20°C (µF) Case Size D x L (mm) DF 120 Hz 25°C (tan δ %)* Z 100 kHZ 25ºC (Ω) RC 100 kHz 105°C (mA) LC 20°C 2 Minutes (µA) Part Number 6.3 6.3 6.3 6.3 6.3 6.3 6.3 6.3 6.3 6.3 6.3 6.3 6.3 6.3 6.3 6.3 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 32 32 32 32 32 32 32 32 150 220 330 470 680 820 1000 1200 1500 2200 3300 4700 6800 8200 10000 15000 100 120 150 220 330 470 470 680 820 1000 1200 1500 2200 3300 4700 6800 8200 68 100 120 150 220 330 470 680 820 1000 1200 1500 2200 3300 4700 6800 47 68 100 120 150 220 330 470 5 x 11 6.3 x 11 8 x 11 8 x 11 8 x 15 8 x 20 8 x 20 10 x 15 10 x 20 13 x 20 13 x 25 16 x 25 16 x 32 16 x 32 16 x 36 18 x 36 5 x 11 5 x 11 6.3 x 11 6.3 x 11 8 x 11 8 x 15 10 x 12 10 x 12 10 x 15 8 x 20 10 x 20 10 x 20 13 x 20 13 x 25 16 x 25 16 x 36 18 x 36 5 x 11 5 x 11 6.3 x 11 6.3 x 11 8 x 11 8 x 15 10 x 12 10 x 15 10 x 20 10 x 20 13 x 20 13 x 20 13 x 25 16 x 25 16 x 36 18 x 36 5 x 11 6.3 x 11 6.3 x 11 8 x 11 8 x 11 8 x 15 8 x 20 10 x 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 0.420 0.320 0.180 0.140 0.100 0.085 0.069 0.064 0.044 0.043 0.035 0.028 0.024 0.019 0.019 0.019 0.420 0.370 0.320 0.220 0.140 0.100 0.120 0.085 0.064 0.065 0.044 0.039 0.038 0.028 0.024 0.019 0.019 0.420 0.370 0.320 0.220 0.140 0.100 0.085 0.064 0.044 0.039 0.038 0.034 0.028 0.024 0.019 0.019 0.420 0.370 0.220 0.200 0.140 0.100 0.069 0.064 200 250 400 550 700 750 800 1000 1250 1450 1700 1800 2000 2350 2550 3000 150 200 250 300 550 750 630 800 1050 1080 1250 1450 1600 2000 2200 2550 2800 150 200 250 300 550 750 800 1050 1100 1250 1450 1600 2000 2200 2550 2800 150 200 250 300 550 750 800 1050 9 14 21 30 43 52 63 76 94 139 208 296 428 517 630 945 10 12 15 22 33 47 47 68 82 100 120 150 220 330 470 680 820 11 16 19 24 35 53 75 109 131 160 192 240 352 528 752 1088 12 17 25 30 37 55 82 117 ESC157M6R3AC3(1) ESC227M6R3AE3(1) ESC337M6R3AG3(1) ESC477M6R3AG3(1) ESC687M6R3AG4(1) ESC827M6R3AG6(1) ESC108M6R3AG6(1) ESC128M6R3AH2(1) ESC158M6R3AH4(1) ESC228M6R3AL3(1) ESC338M6R3AL4(1) ESC478M6R3AM7(1) ESC688M6R3AM2(1) ESC828M6R3AM2(1) ESC109M6R3AM3(1) ESC159M6R3AN2(1) ESC107M010AC3(1) ESC127M010AC3(1) ESC157M010AE3(1) ESC227M010AE3(1) ESC337M010AG3(1) ESC477M010AG4(1) ESC477M010AH1(1) ESC687M010AH1(1) ESC827M010AH2(1) ESC108M010AG6(1) ESC128M010AH4(1) ESC158M010AH4(1) ESC228M010AL3(1) ESC338M010AL4(1) ESC478M010AM7(1) ESC688M010AM3(1) ESC828M010AN2(1) ESC686M016AC3(1) ESC107M016AC3(1) ESC127M016AE3(1) ESC157M016AE3(1) ESC227M016AG3(1) ESC337M016AG4(1) ESC477M016AH1(1) ESC687M016AH2(1) ESC827M016AH4(1) ESC108M016AH4(1) ESC128M016AL3(1) ESC158M016AL3(1) ESC228M016AL4(1) ESC338M016AM7(1) ESC478M016AM3(1) ESC688M016AN2(1) ESC476M025AC3(1) ESC686M025AE3(1) ESC107M025AE3(1) ESC127M025AG3(1) ESC157M025AG3(1) ESC227M025AG4(1) ESC337M025AG6(1) ESC477M025AH2(1) VDC VDC Surge Rated Capacitance Case Size DF Z RC LC Part Number (1) Insert packaging code. See Ordering Options Table for available options. * When capacitance exceeds 1,000 µF, the DF value (%) is increased by 2% for every additional 1,000 µF. © KEMET Electronics Corporation • P.O. Box 5928 • Greenville, SC 29606 (864) 963-6300 • www.kemet.com A4006_ESC • 5/15/2014 6 Single-Ended Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors – ESC Series, +105ºC Table 1 – Ratings & Part Number Reference cont'd VDC VDC Surge Voltage Rated Capacitance 120 Hz 20°C (µF) Case Size D x L (mm) DF 120 Hz 25°C (tan δ %)* Z 100 kHZ 25ºC (Ω) RC 100 kHz 105°C (mA) LC 20°C 2 Minutes (µA) Part Number 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 63 63 63 63 63 32 32 32 32 32 32 32 32 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 63 63 63 63 63 63 63 63 63 63 63 63 63 63 63 63 63 63 63 63 63 79 79 79 79 79 680 820 1000 1200 1500 2200 3300 4700 4.7 6.8 10 15 22 33 47 68 100 120 150 220 220 330 470 680 820 1000 1200 1500 2200 2200 3300 1 4.7 6.8 10 15 22 33 47 68 100 120 150 220 330 470 680 820 1000 1200 1500 2200 4.7 6.8 10 15 22 10 x 20 10 x 20 13 x 20 13 x 25 16 x 25 16 x 32 16 x 36 18 x 36 5 x 11 5 x 11 5 x 11 5 x 11 5 x 11 5 x 11 6.3 x 11 6.3 x 11 8 x 11 8 x 11 8 x 15 8 x 20 10 x 12 10 x 20 10 x 20 13 x 20 13 x 20 13 x 25 16 x 25 16 x 25 16 x 32 16 x 36 18 x 36 5 x 11 5 x 11 5 x 11 5 x 11 5 x 11 5 x 11 6.3 x 11 6.3 x 11 8 x 11 8 x 15 8 x 20 10 x 12 10 x 15 10 x 20 13 x 20 13 x 25 16 x 25 16 x 25 16 x 32 16 x 36 18 x 40 5 x 11 5 x 11 5 x 11 5 x 11 6.3 x 11 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 0.039 0.039 0.038 0.029 0.028 0.024 0.019 0.019 1.200 1.000 0.900 0.690 0.420 0.420 0.370 0.220 0.140 0.130 0.100 0.085 0.069 0.044 0.039 0.038 0.034 0.029 0.028 0.024 0.021 0.019 0.019 2.400 2.000 1.850 1.700 1.200 0.700 0.600 0.520 0.350 0.250 0.210 0.160 0.100 0.072 0.060 0.050 0.040 0.039 0.025 0.025 0.025 2.200 2.000 1.850 1.700 1.200 1100 1250 1450 1600 2000 2200 2550 2800 115 120 140 170 190 200 250 300 450 550 650 780 800 1050 1300 1400 1550 1700 1900 2100 2500 2550 2800 40 115 120 140 180 200 250 300 450 550 650 800 1050 1300 1400 1550 1700 1900 2100 2550 2800 115 120 140 200 250 170 205 250 300 375 550 825 1175 3 3 3 5 8 11 16 24 35 42 52 77 77 115 164 238 287 350 420 525 770 770 1155 3 3 3 5 7 11 16 23 34 50 60 75 110 165 235 340 410 500 600 750 1100 3 4 6 9 14 ESC687M025AH4(1) ESC827M025AH4(1) ESC108M025AL3(1) ESC128M025AL4(1) ESC158M025AM7(1) ESC228M025AM2(1) ESC338M025AM3(1) ESC478M025AN2(1) ESC475M035AC3(1) ESC685M035AC3(1) ESC106M035AC3(1) ESC156M035AC3(1) ESC226M035AC3(1) ESC336M035AC3(1) ESC476M035AE3(1) ESC686M035AE3(1) ESC107M035AG3(1) ESC127M035AG3(1) ESC157M035AG4(1) ESC227M035AG6(1) ESC227M035AH1(1) ESC337M035AH4(1) ESC477M035AH4(1) ESC687M035AL3(1) ESC827M035AL3(1) ESC108M035AL4(1) ESC128M035AM7(1) ESC158M035AM7(1) ESC228M035AM2(1) ESC228M035AM3(1) ESC338M035AN2(1) ESC105M050AC3(1) ESC475M050AC3(1) ESC685M050AC3(1) ESC106M050AC3(1) ESC156M050AC3(1) ESC226M050AC3(1) ESC336M050AE3(1) ESC476M050AE3(1) ESC686M050AG3(1) ESC107M050AG4(1) ESC127M050AG6(1) ESC157M050AH1(1) ESC227M050AH2(1) ESC337M050AH4(1) ESC477M050AL3(1) ESC687M050AL4(1) ESC827M050AM7(1) ESC108M050AM7(1) ESC128M050AM2(1) ESC158M050AM3(1) ESC228M050AN3(1) ESC475M063AC3(1) ESC685M063AC3(1) ESC106M063AC3(1) ESC156M063AC3(1) ESC226M063AE3(1) VDC VDC Surge Rated Capacitance Case Size DF Z RC LC Part Number (1) Insert packaging code. See Ordering Options Table for available options. * When capacitance exceeds 1,000 µF, the DF value (%) is increased by 2% for every additional 1,000 µF. © KEMET Electronics Corporation • P.O. Box 5928 • Greenville, SC 29606 (864) 963-6300 • www.kemet.com A4006_ESC • 5/15/2014 7 Single-Ended Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors – ESC Series, +105ºC Table 1 – Ratings & Part Number Reference cont'd VDC VDC Surge Voltage Rated Capacitance 120 Hz 20°C (µF) Case Size D x L (mm) DF 120 Hz 25°C (tan δ %)* Z 100 kHZ 25ºC (Ω) RC 100 kHz 105°C (mA) LC 20°C 2 Minutes (µA) Part Number 63 63 63 63 63 63 63 63 63 63 63 63 63 63 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 79 79 79 79 79 79 79 79 79 79 79 79 79 79 125 125 125 125 125 125 125 125 125 125 125 125 125 125 33 47 68 100 120 150 220 330 470 680 820 1000 1200 1500 4.7 6.8 10 15 22 33 47 68 100 120 150 220 330 470 6.3 x 11 8 x 11 8 x 11 8 x 20 10 x 15 10 x 15 10 x 20 13 x 20 13 x 25 16 x 25 16 x 32 16 x 32 16 x 36 18 x 36 5 x 11 5 x 11 6.3 x 11 6.3 x 11 8 x 11 8 x 15 10 x 15 10 x 20 13 x 20 13 x 25 13 x 25 16 x 25 16 x 32 18 x 36 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 0.900 0.700 0.520 0.350 0.300 0.200 0.150 0.100 0.064 0.052 0.048 0.042 0.036 0.033 2.000 1.850 1.500 1.200 0.790 0.590 0.350 0.240 0.180 0.150 0.110 0.071 0.049 0.038 300 450 550 650 800 1050 1300 1400 1550 1700 1900 2100 2550 2800 120 140 200 250 300 450 550 650 800 1050 1300 1400 1550 1700 21 30 43 63 76 94 139 208 296 428 517 630 756 945 5 7 10 15 22 33 47 68 100 120 150 220 330 470 ESC336M063AE3(1) ESC476M063AG3(1) ESC686M063AG3(1) ESC107M063AG6(1) ESC127M063AH2(1) ESC157M063AH2(1) ESC227M063AH4(1) ESC337M063AL3(1) ESC477M063AL4(1) ESC687M063AM7(1) ESC827M063AM2(1) ESC108M063AM2(1) ESC128M063AM3(1) ESC158M063AN2(1) ESC475M100AC3(1) ESC685M100AC3(1) ESC106M100AE3(1) ESC156M100AE3(1) ESC226M100AG3(1) ESC336M100AG4(1) ESC476M100AH2(1) ESC686M100AH4(1) ESC107M100AL3(1) ESC127M100AL4(1) ESC157M100AL4(1) ESC227M100AM7(1) ESC337M100AM2(1) ESC477M100AN2(1) VDC VDC Surge Rated Capacitance Case Size DF Z RC LC Part Number (1) Insert packaging code. See Ordering Options Table for available options. * When capacitance exceeds 1,000 µF, the DF value (%) is increased by 2% for every additional 1,000 µF. © KEMET Electronics Corporation • P.O. Box 5928 • Greenville, SC 29606 (864) 963-6300 • www.kemet.com A4006_ESC • 5/15/2014 8 Single-Ended Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors – ESC Series, +105ºC Mounting Positions (Safety Vent) In operation, electrolytic capacitors will always conduct a leakage current which causes electrolysis. The oxygen produced by electrolysis will regenerate the dielectric layer but, at the same time, the hydrogen released may cause the internal pressure of the capacitor to increase. The overpressure vent (safety vent) ensures that the gas can escape when the pressure reaches a certain value. All mounting positions must allow the safety vent to work properly. Installing • A general principle is that lower-use temperatures result in a longer, useful life of the capacitor. For this reason, it should be ensured that electrolytic capacitors are placed away from heat-emitting components. Adequate space should be allowed between components for cooling air to circulate, particularly when high ripple current loads are applied. In any case, the maximum category temperature must not be exceeded. • Do not deform the case of capacitors or use capacitors with a deformed case. • Verify that the connections of the capacitors are able to insert on the board without excessive mechanical force. • Verify the correct polarization of the capacitor on the board. • Verify that the space around the pressure relief device is according to the following guideline: Case Diameter Space Around Safety Vent ≤ 16 mm > 16 mm to ≤ 40 mm > 40 mm > 2 mm > 3 mm > 5 mm It is recommended that capacitors always be mounted with the safety device uppermost or in the upper part of the capacitor. • If the capacitors are stored for a long time, the leakage current must be verified. If the leakage current is superior to the value listed in this catalog, the capacitors must be reformed. In this case, they can be reformed by application of the rated voltage through a series resistor approximately 1 kΩ for capacitors with VR ≤ 160 V (5 W resistor). • In the case of capacitors connected in series, a suitable voltage sharing must be used. In the case of balancing resistors, the approximate resistance value can be calculated as: R = 60/C KEMET recommends, nevertheless, to ensure that the voltage across each capacitor does not exceed its rated voltage. Application and Operation Guidelines Electrical Ratings: Capacitance (ESC) Capacitance is measured by applying an alternate voltage of ≤ 0.5 V at a frequency of 120 or 100 Hz and 20°C. Temperature Dependence of the Capacitance Capacitance of an electrolytic capacitor depends upon temperature: with decreasing temperature the viscosity of the electrolyte increases, thereby reducing its conductivity. © KEMET Electronics Corporation • P.O. Box 5928 • Greenville, SC 29606 (864) 963-6300 • www.kemet.com A4006_ESC • 5/15/2014 9 Single-Ended Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors – ESC Series, +105ºC Capacitance will decrease if temperature decreases. Furthermore, temperature drifts cause armature dilatation and, therefore, capacitance changes (up to 20% depending on the series considered, from 0 to 80°C). This phenomenon is more evident for electrolytic capacitors than for other types. Frequency Dependence of the Capacitance Effective capacitance value is derived from the impedance curve, as long as impedance is still in the range where the capacitance component is dominant. 1 2π fZ C= C = Capacitance (F) f = Frequency (Hz) Z = Impedance (Ω) Dissipation Factor tan δ (DF) Dissipation Factor tan δ is the ratio between the active and reactive power for a sinusoidal waveform voltage. It can be thought of as a measurement of the gap between an actual and ideal capacitor. reactive δ ideal actual active Tan δ is measured with the same set-up used for the series capacitance ESC. tan δ = ω x ESC x ESR where: ESC = Equivalent Series Capacitance ESR = Equivalent Series Resistance Equivalent Series Inductance (ESL) Self inductance or Equivalent Series Inductance results from the terminal configuration and internal design of the capacitor. Capacitor Equivalent Internal Circuit Equivalent Series Capacitance (ESC) Equivalent Series Resistance (ESR) Equivalent Series Inductance (ESL) © KEMET Electronics Corporation • P.O. Box 5928 • Greenville, SC 29606 (864) 963-6300 • www.kemet.com A4006_ESC • 5/15/2014 10 Single-Ended Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors – ESC Series, +105ºC Co L Re Equivalent Series Resistance (ESR) Equivalent Series Resistance is the resistive component of the equivalent series circuit. ESR value depends on frequency and temperature and is related to the tan δ by the following equation: Ce ESR = tan δ 2πf ESC ESR = Equivalent Series Resistance (Ω) tan δ = Dissipation Factor ESC = Equivalent Series Capacitance (F) f = Frequency (Hz) Tolerance limits of the rated capacitance must be taken into account when calculating this value. Impedance (Z) L Re Co Impedance of an electrolytic capacitor results from a circuit formed by the following individual equivalent series components: Co Re L Ce Ce Co = Aluminum oxide capacitance (surface and thickness of the dielectric) Re = Resistance of electrolyte and paper mixture (other resistances not depending on the frequency are not considered: tabs, plates, etc.) Ce = Electrolyte soaked paper capacitance L = Inductive reactance of the capacitor winding and terminals Impedance of an electrolytic capacitor is not a constant quantity that retains its value under all conditions; it changes depending on frequency and temperature. Impedance as a function of frequency (sinusoidal waveform) for a certain temperature can be represented as follows: Z [ohm] 1000 100 1/ω ω Ce 10 B Re 1 0.1 ωL A 1/ω ω Co 0.1 1 10 C 100 1000 10000 F [KHz] © KEMET Electronics Corporation • P.O. Box 5928 • Greenville, SC 29606 (864) 963-6300 • www.kemet.com A4006_ESC • 5/15/2014 11 Single-Ended Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors – ESC Series, +105ºC • Capacitive reactance predominates at low frequencies • With increasing frequency, capacitive reactance Xc = 1/ωCo decreases until it reaches the order of magnitude of electrolyte resistance Re(A) • At even higher frequencies, resistance of the electrolyte predominates: Z = Re (A - B) • When the capacitor’s resonance frequency is reached (ω0), capacitive and inductive reactance mutually cancel each other 1/ωCe = ωL, ω0 = C√1/LCe • Above this frequency, inductive reactance of the winding and its terminals (XL = Z = ωL) becomes effective and leads to an increase in impedance Generally speaking, it can be estimated that Ce ≈ 0.01 Co. Impedance as a function of frequency (sinusoidal waveform) for different temperature values can be represented as follows (typical values): Z (oh m ) 10 µF 1000 100 -4 0°C 10 2 0°C 8 5°C 1 0.1 0.1 1 10 100 1000 1 0 0 00 F (K HElectrolyte z) Re is the most temperature-dependent component of an electrolytic capacitor equivalent circuit. resistivity will decrease if temperature rises. In order to obtain a low impedance value throughout the temperature range, Re must be as little as possible. However, Re values that are too low indicate a very aggressive electrolyte, resulting in a shorter life of the electrolytic capacitor at high temperatures. A compromise must be reached. Leakage Current (LC) Due to the aluminum oxide layer that serves as a dielectric, a small current will continue to flow even after a DC voltage has been applied for long periods. This current is called leakage current. A high leakage current flows after applying voltage to the capacitor then decreases in a few minutes, e.g., after prolonged storage without any applied voltage. In the course of continuous operation, the leakage current will decrease and reach an almost constant value. After a voltage-free storage the oxide layer may deteriorate, especially at high temperature. Since there are no leakage currents to transport oxygen ions to the anode, the oxide layer is not regenerated. The result is that a higher than normal leakage current will flow when voltage is applied after prolonged storage. As the oxide layer is regenerated in use, the leakage current will gradually decrease to its normal level. © KEMET Electronics Corporation • P.O. Box 5928 • Greenville, SC 29606 (864) 963-6300 • www.kemet.com A4006_ESC • 5/15/2014 12 Single-Ended Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors – ESC Series, +105ºC The relationship between the leakage current and voltage applied at constant temperature can be shown schematically as follows: I VR VS VF V Where: VF = Forming voltage If this level is exceeded, a large quantity of heat and gas will be generated and the capacitor could be damaged. VR = Rated voltage This level represents the top of the linear part of the curve. VS = Surge voltage This lies between VR and VF. The capacitor can be subjected to VS for short periods only. Electrolytic capacitors are subjected to a reforming process before acceptance testing. The purpose of this preconditioning is to ensure that the same initial conditions are maintained when comparing different products. Ripple Current (RC) The maximum ripple current value depends on: • Ambient temperature • Surface area of the capacitor (heat dissipation area) tan δ or ESR • Frequency The capacitor’s life depends on the thermal stress. Frequency Dependence of the Ripple Current ESR and, thus, the tan δ depend on the frequency of the applied voltage. This indicates that the allowed ripple current is also a function of the frequency. Temperature Dependence of the Ripple Current The data sheet specifies maximum ripple current at the upper category temperature for each capacitor. © KEMET Electronics Corporation • P.O. Box 5928 • Greenville, SC 29606 (864) 963-6300 • www.kemet.com A4006_ESC • 5/15/2014 13 Single-Ended Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors – ESC Series, +105ºC Expected Life Calculation Expected life depends on operating temperature according to the following formula: L = Lo x 2 (To-T)/10 Where: L: Expected life Lo: Load life at maximum permissible operating temperature T: Actual operating temperature To: Maximum permissible operating temperature This formula is applicable between 40°C and To. Packaging Quantities Auto-insertion Size Code Diameter (mm) Length (mm) Bulk Standard Leads Cut Leads Ammo Tape & Reel C3 5 6.3 8 8 8 10 10 10 13 13 16 16 16 18 18 11 11 11 15 20 12 15 20 20 25 25 32 36 36 40 10000 10000 6000 5000 4000 4000 3000 2400 2000 1600 1000 800 600 500 500 15000 15000 8000 5000 4000 4000 4000 3000 2000 1600 500 500 500 500 500 2000 2000 1000 1000 1000 700 700 700 500 500 300 1300 1100 750 750 750 600 600 600 E3 G3 G4 G6 H1 H2 H4 L3 L4 M7 M2 M3 N2 N3 Standard Marking for Radial Types • KEMET logo •Series • Operating temperature (°C) • Rated capacitance (µF) • Rated voltage (VDC) • Negative polarity: gold line • Date code © KEMET Electronics Corporation • P.O. Box 5928 • Greenville, SC 29606 (864) 963-6300 • www.kemet.com A4006_ESC • 5/15/2014 14 Single-Ended Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors – ESC Series, +105ºC Taping for Automatic Insertion Machines Formed to 5 mm (Lead and packaging code JA and DA) +1.0 -1.0 P D L P0 1.0 Maximum Tolerance +0.5 4 Formed to 2.5 mm 5 4 5 Formed to 5 mm 6 8 4 5 6 Straight leads 8 10 12 13 16 18 L p L d P0 P1 1.0 Maximum P2 t W0 P0 D0 M ounting tape Adhesive tape P p H W W0 t I d +1.0 -1.0 W1 W1 D P1 W2 p W Dimensions (mm) P L H P0 P2 D D P1 D0 M ounting tape Adhesive tape d Straight Leads (Diameter > 8) Lead and packaging code EA and KA +1.0 -1.0 P t W0 D0 M ounting tape Adhesive tape Straight Leads (Diameter: 4 – 8 mm) Lead and packaging code EA and KA P2 H W2 d 1.0 Maximum p W W P0 P1 t W0 W1 1.0 Maximum H L W1 p H0 P1 +1.0 -1.0 P H0 D P2 W2 P2 W2 Formed to 2.5 mm (Lead and packaging code LA and FA) W W0 D0 M ounting tape Adhesive tape d W1 W2 H0 H1 I D0 t +0.8/-0.2 ±0.05 ±1 .0 ±0 .3 ±0 .7 ±1 .3 +1/-0.5 ±0.5 Maximum Maximum ±0.75 ±0.5 Maximum ±0.2 ±0.2 5-7 ≤7 >7 5-7 ≤7 >7 ≤7 >7 ≤7 >7 5-7 ≤7 >7 ≤7 >7 ≤7 >7 12-25 15-25 2.5 2.5 2.5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 1.5 2 2 2.5 2.5 3.5 3.5 5 5 5 5 7.5 7.5 0.45 0.45 0.5 0.45 0.45 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.45 0.45 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.8 0.8 12.7 12.7 12.7 12.7 12.7 12.7 12.7 12.7 12.7 12.7 12.7 12.7 12.7 12.7 12.7 12.7 12.7 12.7 15 15 15 30 30 12.7 12.7 12.7 12.7 12.7 12.7 12.7 12.7 12.7 12.7 12.7 12.7 12.7 12.7 12.7 12.7 12.7 12.7 15 15 15 30 30 5.1 5.1 5.1 3.85 3.85 3.85 3.85 3.85 3.85 3.85 5.6 5.35 5.35 5.1 5.1 4.6 4.6 3.85 3.85 3.85 3.85 3.75 3.75 6.35 6.35 6.35 6.35 6.35 6.35 6.35 6.35 6.35 6.35 6.35 6.35 6.35 6.35 6.35 6.35 6.35 6.35 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 © KEMET Electronics Corporation • P.O. Box 5928 • Greenville, SC 29606 (864) 963-6300 • www.kemet.com 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 18.5 18.5 18.5 18.5 18.5 18.5 18.5 18.5 18.5 18.5 18.5 18.5 18.5 18.5 18.5 18.5 18.5 18.5 18.5 18.5 18.5 18.5 18.5 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 A4006_ESC • 5/15/2014 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 1 1 1 1 1 1 15 Single-Ended Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors – ESC Series, +105ºC Lead Taping & Packaging Ammo Box Reel D H T Case Size (mm) 4 5x5–7 6.3 x 5 – 7 8x5–9 5 x 11 6.3 x 11 8 x 11 8 x 14 – 20 10 x 12 10 x 15 – 19 10 x 22 – 25 12 13 16 H W W H 230 230 275 235 230 270 235 240 250 256 250 270 285 265 Ammo W Maximum Maximum ±2 D Reel H ±0.5 +1/-0.1 340 340 340 340 340 340 340 340 340 340 340 340 340 340 42 42 42 45 48 48 48 57 52 57 60 57 62 62 350 30 50 T © KEMET Electronics Corporation • P.O. Box 5928 • Greenville, SC 29606 (864) 963-6300 • www.kemet.com W A4006_ESC • 5/15/2014 16 Single-Ended Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors – ESC Series, +105ºC Construction The manufacturing process begins with the anode foil being electrochemically etched to increase the surface area and then “formed” to produce the aluminum oxide layer. Both the anode and cathode foils are then interleaved with absorbent paper and wound into a cylinder. During the winding process, aluminum tabs are attached to each foil to provide the electrical contact. Extended cathode Anode foil The deck, complete with terminals, is attached to the tabs and then folded down to rest on top of the winding. The complete winding is impregnated with electrolyte before being housed in a suitable container, usually an aluminum can, and sealed. Throughout the process, all materials inside the housing must be maintained at the highest purity and be compatible with the electrolyte. Each capacitor is aged and tested before being sleeved and packed. The purpose of aging is to repair any damage in the oxide layer and thus reduce the leakage current to a very low level. Aging is normally carried out at the rated temperature of the capacitor and is accomplished by applying voltage to the device while carefully controlling the supply current. The process may take several hours to complete. Damage to the oxide layer can occur due to variety of reasons: • Slitting of the anode foil after forming • Attaching the tabs to the anode foil • Minor mechanical damage caused during winding A sample from each batch is taken by the quality department after completion of the production process. The following tests are applied and may be varied at the request of the customer. In this case the batch, or special procedure, will determine the course of action. Electrical: • Leakage current • Capacitance • ESR • Impedance • Tan Delta Mechanical/Visual: • Overall dimensions • Torque test of mounting stud • Print detail • Box labels • Packaging, including packed quantity © KEMET Electronics Corporation • P.O. Box 5928 • Greenville, SC 29606 (864) 963-6300 • www.kemet.com Foil tabs Tissues Cathode foil Etching Forming Winding Decking Impregnation Assembly Aging Testing Sleeving Packing A4006_ESC • 5/15/2014 17 Single-Ended Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors – ESC Series, +105ºC KEMET Corporation World Headquarters Europe Asia Southern Europe Paris, France Tel: 33-1-4646-1006 Northeast Asia Hong Kong Tel: 852-2305-1168 Mailing Address: P.O. Box 5928 Greenville, SC 29606 Sasso Marconi, Italy Tel: 39-051-939111 Shenzhen, China Tel: 86-755-2518-1306 www.kemet.com Tel: 864-963-6300 Fax: 864-963-6521 Central Europe Landsberg, Germany Tel: 49-8191-3350800 Corporate Offices Fort Lauderdale, FL Tel: 954-766-2800 Kamen, Germany Tel: 49-2307-438110 North America Northern Europe Bishop’s Stortford, United Kingdom Tel: 44-1279-460122 2835 KEMET Way Simpsonville, SC 29681 Southeast Lake Mary, FL Tel: 407-855-8886 Espoo, Finland Tel: 358-9-5406-5000 Northeast Wilmington, MA Tel: 978-658-1663 Beijing, China Tel: 86-10-5829-1711 Shanghai, China Tel: 86-21-6447-0707 Taipei, Taiwan Tel: 886-2-27528585 Southeast Asia Singapore Tel: 65-6586-1900 Penang, Malaysia Tel: 60-4-6430200 Bangalore, India Tel: 91-806-53-76817 Central Novi, MI Tel: 248-306-9353 West Milpitas, CA Tel: 408-433-9950 Mexico Guadalajara, Jalisco Tel: 52-33-3123-2141 Note: KEMET reserves the right to modify minor details of internal and external construction at any time in the interest of product improvement. KEMET does not assume any responsibility for infringement that might result from the use of KEMET Capacitors in potential circuit designs. KEMET is a registered trademark of KEMET Electronics Corporation. © KEMET Electronics Corporation • P.O. Box 5928 • Greenville, SC 29606 (864) 963-6300 • www.kemet.com A4006_ESC • 5/15/2014 18 Single-Ended Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors – ESC Series, +105ºC Disclaimer Allproductspecifications,statements,informationanddata(collectively,the“Information”)inthisdatasheetaresubjecttochange.Thecustomerisresponsibleforcheckingand verifying the extent to which the Information contained in this publication is applicable to an order at the time the order is placed. All Information given herein is believed to be accurate and reliable, but it is presented without guarantee, warranty, or responsibility of any kind, expressed or implied. Statements of suitability for certain applications are based on KEMET Electronics Corporation’s (“KEMET”) knowledge of typical operating conditions for such applications, but are notintendedtoconstitute–andKEMETspecificallydisclaims–anywarrantyconcerningsuitabilityforaspecificcustomerapplicationoruse.TheInformationisintendedforuseonly by customers who have the requisite experience and capability to determine the correct products for their application. Any technical advice inferred from this Information or otherwise provided by KEMET with reference to the use of KEMET’s products is given gratis, and KEMET assumes no obligation or liability for the advice given or results obtained. Although KEMET designs and manufactures its products to the most stringent quality and safety standards, given the current state of the art, isolated component failures may still occur. Accordingly, customer applications which require a high degree of reliability or safety should employ suitable designs or other safeguards (such as installation of protective circuitry or redundancies) in order to ensure that the failure of an electrical component does not result in a risk of personal injury or property damage. Although all product–related warnings, cautions and notes must be observed, the customer should not assume that all safety measures are indicted or that other measures may not be required. © KEMET Electronics Corporation • P.O. Box 5928 • Greenville, SC 29606 (864) 963-6300 • www.kemet.com A4006_ESC • 5/15/2014 19