SX1276 Development Kit User Guide

SX1276
6 Developm
ment Kit
USER
R GUIDE
W
WIRELESS, SENSING & TIMING PR
RODUCTS
SX
X1276 D
Develop
pment Kit
USER GUID
DE
Revision 1.1 – May 2014
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emtech Corpo
oration
age 1 of 53
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SX1276 Development Kit
USER GUIDE
WIRELESS, SENSING & TIMING PRODUCTS
Table of Contents
Table of Contents .......................................................................................................................................... 2 Index of Figures ............................................................................................................................................ 3 1 Preamble ................................................................................................................................................ 4 2 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................ 4 3 Getting Started ....................................................................................................................................... 5 3.1 Evaluation Kit Contents ................................................................................................................. 5 3.2 Ordering information ..................................................................................................................... 6 3.3 Updating the firmware ................................................................................................................... 6 4 Eiger Platform Presentation ................................................................................................................... 6 4.1 Platform Description .................................................................................................................... 10 4.2 SX1276 Module Hardware .......................................................................................................... 11 4.2.1 SX1276RF1IAS ....................................................................................................................... 11 4.2.2 SX1276RF1JAS ...................................................................................................................... 12 4.2.3 SX1276RF1KAS...................................................................................................................... 13 4.2.4 Module Antenna ...................................................................................................................... 14 5 Eiger platform for PER Testing ............................................................................................................ 15 5.1 Menu Description ........................................................................................................................ 15 5.2 Using the Eiger platform.............................................................................................................. 15 5.2.1 System Window....................................................................................................................... 16 5.2.2 PER Demo Window ................................................................................................................ 19 5.2.3 PER Rx Bar-graph .................................................................................................................. 28 6 SX1276SKA Software Description....................................................................................................... 29 6.1 SX1276SKA Quick start Guide ................................................................................................... 29 6.2 LoRa Mode .................................................................................................................................. 32 6.2.1 LoRa Menu .............................................................................................................................. 32 6.2.2 LoRa Common Window .......................................................................................................... 33 6.2.3 LoRa Parameters Window ...................................................................................................... 34 6.3 FSK Mode ................................................................................................................................... 35 6.3.1 FSK Menu ............................................................................................................................... 35 6.3.2 Common window ..................................................................................................................... 36 6.3.3 Transmitter window ................................................................................................................. 37 6.3.4 Receiver window ..................................................................................................................... 38 6.3.5 IRQ and Map window .............................................................................................................. 39 6.3.6 Packet Handler window ........................................................................................................... 40 6.3.7 Sequencer window .................................................................................................................. 41 6.3.8 Temperature window ............................................................................................................... 42 7 How to... ............................................................................................................................................... 43 7.1 … perform a simple transmission / reception in LoRa ................................................................ 43 7.2 … perform a simple transmission / reception in FSK .................................................................. 45 7.3 … perform Continuous transmission and Reception in LoRa ..................................................... 49 7.4 … Log the Transmitted or Received packets .............................................................................. 50 7.5 … perform a CW or PN9 Tx test on the SX1276 ........................................................................ 51 7.6 … check the frequency accuracy of the SX1276 module ........................................................... 51 8 Troubleshooting ................................................................................................................................... 52 8.1 The Eiger platform indicates very high PER even in short range ............................................... 52 8.2 The communication range in Lora is very poor ........................................................................... 52 8.3 The SX1276SKA do not detect the device through the USB ...................................................... 52 8.4 The Eiger platform does not seem to work anymore .................................................................. 52 8.5 The Eiger platform touch screen is not accurate ........................................................................ 52 Revision 1.1 – May 2014
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Index of Figures
Figure 1: SX1276 Development Kit ............................................................................................................... 5 Figure 2: Eiger platform description ............................................................................................................ 10 Figure 3: SX1276RF1IAS Module Schematic ............................................................................................. 11 Figure 4: SX1276RF1JAS Module Schematic ............................................................................................ 12 Figure 5: SX1276RF1KAS Module Schematic ........................................................................................... 13 Figure 6: LF and HF Antenna Connection .................................................................................................. 14 Figure 7: Frequency Band Targeted Antenna............................................................................................. 14 Figure 8: Connect both USB ports to use the SX1276SKA ........................................................................ 29 Figure 9: SX1276 window organization ...................................................................................................... 30 Figure 10: Register table ............................................................................................................................. 31 Figure 11: SX1276SKA Boot-up windows .................................................................................................. 33 Figure 12: LoRa Radio parameters window................................................................................................ 34 Figure 13: FSK window structure ................................................................................................................ 35 Figure 14: FSK Common window ............................................................................................................... 36 Figure 15: FSK Transmitter window ............................................................................................................ 37 Figure 16: FSK Receiver window ................................................................................................................ 38 Figure 17: FSK IRQ and Map window ........................................................................................................ 39 Figure 18: FSK Packet Handler window ..................................................................................................... 40 Figure 19: FSK Sequencer window ............................................................................................................ 41 Figure 20: FSK Temperature window ......................................................................................................... 42 Revision 1.1 – May 2014
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SX1276 Development Kit
USER GUIDE
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1 Preamble
This document describes how to use the SX1276 Evaluation kit. This document describes especially the
SX1276 Eiger platform and the SX1276SKA User Interface. We strongly recommend for the user to read
thoroughly the datasheet of the SX1276 prior to start working on the device. Most of this document
assumes a general knowledge on the SX1276 and modern RF communications.
2 Introduction
The SX1276 is a single-chip integrated circuit ideally suited for today's high performance ISM band RF
applications. Added to the renowned, high-performance and low-cost, FSK / OOK RF transceiver modem,
the SX1276 is also equipped with the LoRa proprietary transceiver modem. This advanced feature set,
including a state of the art packet engine, greatly simplifies system design whilst the high level of
integration reduces the external BOM to a handful of passive decoupling and matching components. It is
intended for use as high-performance, long range, half-duplex bi-directional RF links, and where stable
and constant RF performances are required over the full operating range of the device down to 1.8V.
The SX1276 is intended for applications over a wide frequency range and it is covering all available sub1GHz frequency bands (168MHz, 434MHz, 470MHz, 868MHz and 902MHz). Coupled with a link budget
in excess of 135 dB in FSK in excess of 155 dB in LoRa, the SX1276 really offers the possibility of two
modems in one single package. The SX1276 complies with both ETSI and FCC regulatory requirements
and is available in a 5x5 mm QFN 28 lead free package.
The SX1276 Evaluation kit, based around the Eiger platform, allows the user to test every aspect of the
radio, both from the system and RF point of view.
On one hand, the Eiger platform is a touch screen portable device which has been design to enable quick
and easy testing of the PER performances of the SX1276. On the other hand, the SX1276SKA is a PC
based evaluation tool which allows in depth testing of the radio.
This document is therefore divided in two parts: the first part present the SX1276 Eiger module and how
to perform PER test in LoRa and FSK; the second part of this document present the SX1276 SKA and
how it can be used to test every single aspect of the radio.
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3 Ge
etting Sta
arted
3.1 Ev
valuation Kit Conttents
The SX12
276DVK1 Dev
velopment Kitt consists of:
 2 x SX1276RF
F1 modules
orms
 2 x Eiger platfo
ennas for LF frequency
f
ban
nd
 2 x dipole ante
ennas for HF frequency
f
band
 2 x dipole ante
c
 2 x Mini-USB cables
een Styluses
 2 x Touch Scre
D
Notte
 Disclaimer
Figure
F
1: SX1
1276 Develop
pment Kit
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3.2 Orrdering in
nformatio
on
Each of part
p of the SX1276 Evaluattion kit can be
e ordered as a single entitty or in a who
ole package. W
When
ordering, please refer to
t the followin
ng parts numb
bers:
SX1276DVK1IAS
SX1276 De
evelopment Kit
K - 169/868M
MHz version w
with TCXO
SX1276DVK1JAS
SX1276 De
evelopment Kit
K - 433/868M
MHz version w
with XTAL
SX1276DVK1KAS
SX1276 De
evelopment Kit
K - 490/915M
MHz version w
with XTAL
SX1276R
RF1IAS
SX1276 Ev
valuation Mod
dule - 169/868
8MHz version
n with TCXO + Antennas
RF1JAS
SX1276R
SX1276 Ev
valuation Mod
dule - 433/868
8MHz version
n with XTAL + Antennas
SX1276R
RF1KAS
SX1276 Ev
valuation Mod
dule - 490/915
5MHz version
n with XTAL + Antennas
For more information on
o each of the
e options avaiilable, please , contact your local Semte
ech representative.
The SX12
276SKA evalu
uation softwarre, the firmwa
are, drivers an
nd all SX1276
6 related mate
erials are ava
ailable
on the Se
emtech websitte:
http
p://www.semttech.com/wire
eless-rf/rf-tran
nsceivers/
3.3 Up
pdating th
he firmwa
are
Updating the Eiger plattform firmwarre is straight forward
f
given that the userr follows some simple step
ps.
The first step
s
is to insta
all the Eiger platform
p
driverrs on the PC used to upda
ate the firmwa
are. These driivers,
called RLink USB drive
ers are located in the folder RLinkDrv giiven with every version of the firmware.. To
install the driver, simply
y launch the file
f RLinkUSB
BInstall.exe.
Once the RLink drivers
s are installed
d, the firmware
e upgrade is done through
h the update.b
bat file which will
upload the
e correct vers
sion of the firm
mware depending on seve ral options re
elated to the E
Eiger platform
m or
module be
eing used. When launching
g the applicattion, the follow
wing window opens:
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e user to sele
ect the STM32
2 daughter bo
oard fitted on the Eiger plattform. The
This window invites the
pictures below
b
should help the user to recognize which daugh
hter board is w
which. Added
d to this, the
STM32F4
407 daughter board is equipped with a small
s
camera clearly visible
e at the back of the module. To
finish, the
e STM32F429
9 is easily iden
ntifiable thank
ks to the size of its MCU.
STM32F103
3 Module
STM32F407
7 Module
STM32F42
29 Module
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er platform is not powered up, is wrongly connected o
or if the RLinkk drivers are not installed, the
If the Eige
following message will be displayed
d on the scree
en:
uation, the user need to ma
ake sure the device
d
is corrrectly powere
ed and turned on. Please, rrefer
In this situ
to section 4.1 of this do
ocument for more
m
informattion.
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hat the full upg
grader should
d look like at the
t end of the
e software up
pdate.
This is wh
Once the software has been upgrad
ded, it is recom
mmended to reset all the internal settings on the Eig
ger
platform. For more info
ormation on how to achieve
e this, please , refer to secttion 5.2.1.1 off this docume
ent.
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4 Eig
ger Platfform Pre
esentatio
on
4.1 Pllatform Descriptio
on
The Eigerr platform is in
ntended to en
nable a quick and easy ran
nge test of the sx1276 mo
odule. Here m
most of
the modem parameters
s are pre-configured and th
he user only n
needs to set ssome RF parrameters.
5-Way main button
Top/Botttom/Right/Lefft/Center
Short center click to start
s
2-second
des center click to shutdow
wn
Antenna SMA C
Connector
Do not sttart TX withou
ut an antenna
a or
load conn
nected
LoRa boa
ard LEDs
Re
eceive Mode
Grreen: PER paccket rcvd OK
Re
ed: NonPER p
packet rcvd O
OK
Tra
ansmit Mode
e
Ye
ellow: Packet sent (flashes
forr each packett
Eiger
E
platforrm LEDs
When sc
creen is turned
d off the gree
en
led will blink
b
S_VDC
C_Switch
Le
eave in upperrmost position
n
Charging LEDs
Bottom red:
r
charging
Top gree
en: battery is charged
Red+Gre
een: charging
g error or battery
fully charged
Pla
aform main U
USB connector
Min
ni-B USB type
e
Usse to charge th
he platform
batttery or powe
er it when
batttery is off or empty. It is also
use
ed to update the firmware
Eiger platform
p
func
ction ‘buttons
s’
Only use
ed to move be
etween screen
ns
Batterry switch
Switch the Eiger platform
ON or OFF (indicated by ‘‘1’
and ‘0’).
STM32 daughter bo
oard
This USB
B should only
y be
plug for the
t SX1276S
SKA
to enable
e communica
ation
with PC software
Fiigure 2: Eige
er platform de
escription
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4.2 SX
X1276 Mo
odule Harrdware
The SX12
276DVK is a USB based evaluation so
oftware desig
gned to allow
w simple and easy evaluattion of
the suitab
bility of the SX
X1276 for a given application. There are
e three evalua
ation module developed around
the SX127
76 and each module is targ
geted to spec
cific RF Bandss.
4.2.1 SX1276RF
S
1IAS
The SX12
276RF1IAS is
s targeted to the 169MHz and
a 868MHz frequency ba
ands.
Figure
e 3: SX1276R
RF1IAS Modu
ule Schemattic
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4.2.2 SX1276RF
S
1JAS
276RF1JAS is
i targeted to the 433MHz and 868MHzz frequency ba
ands.
The SX12
Figure
e 4: SX1276R
RF1JAS Mod ule Schemattic
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4.2.3 SX1276RF
S
1KAS
276RF1KAS is targeted to
o the 490MHz
z and 915MHzz frequency b
bands.
The SX12
Figure
e 5: SX1276R
RF1KAS Mod
dule Schemattic
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4.2.4 Module
M
An
ntenna
T
The SX1276RF
F1 modules are
e fitted with 2 RF
R antenna SM
MA connectorss. Each antenn
na connection h
has been speccifically
d
designed to offe
er the best RF matching to a specific freque
ency band.
Figu
ure 6: LF and HF Antenna
a Connection
n
F
Five antennas types
t
could be delivered with kits. The anten
nnas can be id
dentified throug
gh their color de
edicated or sha
ape, to
a specific frequency band (LF
F=169, 433 or 490MHz,
4
HF=8
868 and 915 M Hz). Antenna ttypes and part numbers are ssubject
to
o be changed.
D
Do not connectt both antenna types at the sa
ame time on the
e module.
169M
MHz
433
3MHz
490MHz
4
red
869MHz
grey
915MHzz
yellow
Figure
e 7: Frequenc
cy Band Targ
geted Antenna
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5 Eig
ger platfform for PER Te
esting
5.1 Me
enu Desc
cription
ganized around the touch screen whicch allows the user to set o
on the fly a liimited
The Eigerr menu is org
number of parameters. We will here
e describe ea
ach menu win
ndow so that the user can quickly start doing
PER testing.
The idea behind the PE
ER demo is to
o set one of the
t Eiger plattform as a tra
ansmitter and the other one
e as a
receiver. Then both platforms can me moved away one from
m the other, in an urban o
or in an open
n field
environme
ent, to easily capture the PER
P
between the transmittter and the re
eceiver.
The PER
R demo opera
ates in FSK or in LoRa modes
m
so th at the advan
ntages and d
drawbacks of each
modulatio
on can been seen
s
easily.
5.2 Us
sing the Eiger
E
plattform
When boo
oting up, the Eiger applica
ation will dete
ect the hardw
ware module connected to
o configure th
he RF
parameters dedicated to each mo
odules. Each hardware m
module is fitte
ed with an E
EEPROM wh
hich is
programm
med at manuffacturing. How
wever, if for any
a reasons, the EEPROM
M cannot be rread or has n
not be
programm
med, the follow
wing window is shown.
In case off doubt, the exact
e
part num
mber of the hardware
h
mod
dule connecte
ed is written o
on the right sside of
the module.
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When the
e module is successfully detected, the home screen
n is the first w
window displa
ayed on the ccontrol
touch scre
een.
Battery levvel
Firmware version
Access th e PER Demo
o Menu
Access th e System Me
enu
5.2.1 System
S
Wiindow
Temperature
e
5.2.1.1
Settings
Reset the E iger platform Settings
Get the batte
ery status
Access the b
bootloader m
menu
Information o
on the firmwa
are
Return to Ho
ome Screen
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In case off miss-operattion or to simply reset the Eiger module
e into a know
wn state, it is possible the reset
the touch screen param
meters or to re
eset the devic
ce parameterrs to their defa
ault paramete
ers.
Reset
R
the toucch screen caliibration
Reset
R
to the d efault parame
eters
Apply
A
the rese
et
Once a bo
ox is ticked, “clicking”
“
on the Apply buttton will reset the selected parameters. The ticked bo
ox will
then go un-ticked.
5.2.1.2
Battery
In
ndicates the b
battery state
In
ndicates the b
battery level
In
ndicates the vvoltage delive
ered by the
battery
b
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5.2.1.3
Bootload
der
Reboot the sysstem
Up
pdate the firm
mware through
h an SD
ca
ard
Re
eset touch sccreen calibratiion
5.2.1.4
About
Indicates the
e Firmware ve
ersion
Indicates the
e Build date
Indicates the
e Build time
Indicates the
e Module Con
nnected
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5.2.2 PER
P
Demo
o Window
ER Demo Win
ndows, the EEPROM on tthe module tyype is read sso that the m
module
When enttering the PE
connected
d can be use
ed. If the EE
EPROM is fau
ulty, not pressent or dama
aged, the following windo
ows is
displayed.
dule is detecte
ed correctly, the
t PER demo is accessed
d and the follo
owing window
w is displayed
d.
If the mod
Set the d
device as Recceiver for the PER test
Set the d
device as Transmitter for th
he PER test
Set the R
RF Settings fo
or the PER te
est
o the Eiger platform testin
ng. The menu
u is divided in
n three main a
areas,
The PER Demo menu is the core of
nd Settings. The
T PER Setttings menu allows the use
er to set seve
eral paramete
ers of the Rad
dio for
Tx, Rx an
Tx and Rx
x.
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A text in green indicattes that the value
v
can be changed. Fo
or example, o
on the first w
window of the
e PER
Setting sc
creen, you will see:
“Clicking”” on this para
ameters allow the
user to ch
hange its valu
ue.
Here, the
e user can sett the device in
n
LoRa (De
efault) or FSK
K mode
Set the R
RF settings
Set the pa
acket settings
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5.2.2.1 PER Settin
ngs Menu running in
n FSK mod e
For a give
en modulation
n, there is only a limited se
et of parametters that can be set by the
e user. Most of the
parameters are set auttomatically in the software to keep the in
nterface userr friendly.
Set the RF Band (868MH
Hz or 915MH
Hz)
Set the RF frequency (w
within the band
d)
Set the Bitrrate: 4.8kbps,, 9.6kbps,
19.2kbps, 3
38.4kbps, 57..6kbps or
100kbps
Set the Outtput Power bo
oost (module
dependent))
Set the RF output powerr
Set the
e inter-packett delay
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5.2.2.2 PER Packet Settings
s Menu run
nning in FS
SK mode
S
Set Device ID
D
E
Enable or Disa
able the paylo
oad CRC
S
Set the payloa
ad size (in Byytes): 9, 16,
2
24, 48 or 64
In FSK mo
ode, the paylo
oad is built in the following
g way:
P
Preamble (8 Bytes)
SyncWord
(0
0x69‐0x81‐0x7E‐‐0x96)
Payload ngth
len
(1 B
Byte)
E
Enable or
Dissable
payload CRC
Payload
d
(Platfo
orm ID, 32‐bit p acket cnt, ‘P’, ‘EE’, ’R’, FCS, ‘Padd
ding [xx Bytes]’)
CRC
(2 Bytes)
The preamble length, the SyncWo
ord and the basic
b
payload
d structure ca
annot be cha
anged by the user.
However, the payload length is adju
ustable and the ‘Padding’ field will incrrease or decre
ease depend
ding of
the payloa
ad size. The CRC can als
so be enabled
d or disabled from the paccket settings m
menu. All in a
all the
smallest packet
p
will be 22 bytes long
g and the longest packet w
will be 78 byte
es long in tota
al.
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SX1276
6 Developm
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USER
R GUIDE
W
WIRELESS, SENSING & TIMING PR
RODUCTS
5.2.2.3 PER Settin
ngs Menu running in
n LoRa mod
de
Set the RF Band (868MHz or 915MH
Hz)
Set the RF frequency (w
within the band)
Set the Sprreading factorr: 6, 7, 8, 9, 10,
11 or 12
Set the Erro
or Coding: 4/5, 4/6, 4/7, 4//8
Set the Ban
ndwidth (mod
dule
dependent))
Set the Ou
utput Power b
boost (module
e
dependentt)
Set the in
nter-packet de
elay
Set the RF outp
put power
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SX1276
6 Developm
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USER
R GUIDE
W
WIRELESS, SENSING & TIMING PR
RODUCTS
5.2.2.4 PER Packet Settings
s Menu run
nning in Lo
oRa mode
S
Set Device ID
E
Enable or Disa
able payload CRC
S
Set the payloa
ad size (in Byytes): 9, 16,
2
24, 48 or 64
E
Enable or Disa
able Low Dattarate
O
Optimization ((mandatory fo
or SF12 and
S
SF11
In LoRa mode,
m
the pay
yload is built in
n the following way:
Pre
eamble (8 Symb.)
Header
H
(8 Symb.)
Payyload
(P
Platform ID, 32‐b
bit packet cnt, ‘PP’, ‘E’, ’R’, FCS, ‘PPadding [xx Bytees]’)
CRC
(2 Bytess)
The preamble length, the Header and the basic payload structure can
nnot be chan
nged by the user.
However, the payload length is adju
ustable and the ‘Padding’ field will incrrease or decre
ease depend
ding of
the payloa
ad size. The CRC
C
can also
o be enabled or disabled frrom the packe
et settings me
enu.
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SX1276
6 Developm
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USER
R GUIDE
W
WIRELESS, SENSING & TIMING PR
RODUCTS
5.2.2.5 PER TX Mode
Once the RF paramete
ers are set, pu
utting the Eige
er module in T
TX mode will initiate the packet transmission.
The TX window
w
display
ys the RF parrameters and the number o
of packet sen
nt since the be
eginning of th
he test.
PER Tx window
w
in Lora
a mode:
TX Mo
odulation para
ameters
Numbe
er of packet ssent
Reset the counter
w
in FSK
K mode:
PER Tx window
TX Mo
odulation parrameters
Numb
ber of packet sent
Resett the counter
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USER
R GUIDE
W
WIRELESS, SENSING & TIMING PR
RODUCTS
5.2.2.6 PER RX Mode
M
PER Rx window
w
in Lora mode:
Indicate th
he SNR
Indicate th
he RSSI
Packet ind
dicator
Number off correct packket received
Number off packet misse
ed
Number off non PER pa
acket
received
PER
Re
eset the PER counter
c
In LoRa mode,
m
when sub-noise rece
eption is occu
urring (SNR < 0), the displa
ayed RSSI va
alue is
extrapolatted using the SNR indicato
or. When the SNR > 0, the
e actual SNR is not computted and the value
is clamped.
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USER
R GUIDE
W
WIRELESS, SENSING & TIMING PR
RODUCTS
PER Rx window
w
in FSK
K mode:
Indicate the
e RSSI
Packket indicator
Num
mber of correcct packet rece
eived
Num
mber of packet missed
Num
mber of non PER packet received
PER
R
Reset the PER cou
unter
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SX1276
6 Developm
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USER
R GUIDE
W
WIRELESS, SENSING & TIMING PR
RODUCTS
5.2.3 PER
P
Rx Ba
ar-graph
de, a bar-grap
ph indicates the
t distribution of the errorr over time. Th
his is especia
ally useful to d
detect
In Rx mod
the cause
e of the error, whether a burst
b
of noise
e in the frequ
uency band o
or if the devicce in in the limit of
reception range. The examples
e
belo
ow highlight what
w
each casse looks like:
Here, the device is at the limit of the
e reception ra
ange
Blue: th
he reception is good and w
we
are receiving every p
packet sent
Yellow: We have so
ome disturban
nce
in the ffrequency ban
nd or we are
arriving
g at the limit rrange of
reception and we start missing
packetss.
As we can
n see in the picture
p
below, the device lo
ost many packkets in a shorrt amount of time.
Yellow: We have ha
ad a strong bu
urst
of noise
e in the band and we have
e
missed
d most of the packet during
ga
small a
amount of time
The link has improve
ed and we arre
packets after tthe
only miissing a few p
original noise burst.
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SX1276
6 Developm
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USER
R GUIDE
W
WIRELESS, SENSING & TIMING PR
RODUCTS
6 SX
X1276SK
KA Softw
ware Des
scription
n
The SX12
276SKA is organized
o
on
n a PC softw
ware GUI co
ommunicating
g through US
SB with the Eiger
platforms.. In this situa
ation, the Eig
ger platforms are only ussed as a gate
eway to com
mmunicate witth the
SX1276.
6.1 SX
X1276SKA
A Quick start
s
Guid
de
It is recom
mmended thatt this user guide is read in conjunction w
with the SX12
276 datashee
et.
1. Plug the Eiger Platform USB ports to the
e computer (o
one USB is used to powerr the platform while
th
he other USB is used for co
ommunication
n).
2. Run
R the SX127
76 User Interfface software
e: Start > All P
Programs > S
SX1276SKA > SX1276SKA
A
3. The SX1276SK
KA should co
onnect automatically to the
e User Interfa
ace Software. If not, click o
on the
USB
U
connect button,
b
located in the top le
eft hand corne
er of the wind
dow toolbar.
4. Once
O
connecte
ed the SX127
76SKA shows
s the default cconfiguration of the SX127
76 register se
ettings
up
pon power-up
p. If the EVK is not connec
cted, the GUII screen is gra
ayed out and
d an error messsage
is
s displayed in the bottom le
eft hand corne
er of the statu
us bar.
Connect tthese two US
SB to power
the Eiger platforms
Connec
ct these two USB to
commu
unicate with the Eiger
platform
ms
Figure
F
8: Connect both USB
U
ports to
o use the SX1
1276SKA
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6 Developm
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USER
R GUIDE
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WIRELESS, SENSING & TIMING PR
RODUCTS
The SX12
276SKA has been develo
oped to test all the capa bilities and ffeatures of th
he FSK and LoRa
modems present in the device. Ho
owever, both modems havve different ccontrol comma
ust be
ands and mu
operated independently.
Opens Registers wind
dow
Re
efresh all regis
sters value
et Radio in Lo
oRa or FSK
Se
Connect or disconnect to
o the module
Save Radio
o configuration
n
Load Radio Configuration
SX1276SK
KA Version
Eiger Mo
odule Firmware Version
SX
X1276 Chipse
et Version
Radio conffig file
currently lo
oaded
Fig
gure 9: SX127
76 window o
organization
While this
s approach has
h limitation on testing th
he system ca
apability of th
he device, it allows the usser to
thoroughly
y evaluate the
e device from
m the radio point of view
This chap
pter is presen
nting the vario
ous windows and field tha
at controls the
e radio opera
ations. While some
controls can
c be obviou
us, some othe
ers may need the user to rrefer to the da
atasheet to ge
et a full descrription
of the com
mmands.
A load rad
dio configurattion is implem
mented and allows the open
ning of SX1276SKA config
guration files (.cfg).
This is im
mplemented th
hrough a stan
ndard Window
ws file dialog box and mayy also be acccessed throug
gh the
short cut buttons
b
of the
e Window Too
olbar.
In the sam
me way, it is
s possible to save the SX
X1276SKA co
onfiguration fiiles (.cfg). Th
his is implem
mented
through a standard Win
ndows file dia
alog box. The default file na
ame is the lasst configuratio
on file saved..
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USER
R GUIDE
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WIRELESS, SENSING & TIMING PR
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For refere
ence purposes, it is possib
ble to display the register m
map of the de
evice. This ca
an help the user to
refer to the datasheet register
r
when
n testing the device.
d
Figure 10: Register ttable
For adva
ance user on
nly, it is also
o possible to read or w
write the reg
gister directlyy by pressing the
<CTRL>+
+<ALT>+<T> keys of the PC
P keyboard simultaneous
s
ly.
This wind
dow allows th
he user to wrrite to and re
ead from the contents of iindividual con
nfiguration re
egister
addresses
s. Note that address
a
and data
d
are enterred in hexade
ecimal format..
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SX1276
6 Developm
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USER
R GUIDE
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WIRELESS, SENSING & TIMING PR
RODUCTS
6.2 Lo
oRa Mode
e
6.2.1 LoRa
L
Menu
u
By defaultt, when the application is la
aunched, the SX1276SKA
A is configured
d in LoRa.
Refresh all
a
registers va
alue
Direct ac
ccess to sub menu
m
Opens Reg
gisters window
w
he Modem IRQ and Modem
m status
Indicates th
Indicates the
e Modem ope
erating Mode
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USER
R GUIDE
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WIRELESS, SENSING & TIMING PR
RODUCTS
6.2.2 LoRa
L
Com
mmon Wind
dow
1
5
2
3
6
4
Figu
ure 11: SX127
76SKA Boot--up windows
s
1:
meters for the Radio.
Set the defaultt basic param
2:
eters related to the transm
mission of the data such ass output powe
er.
Set the parame
3:
a such as AG
Set the parame
eters related to the receptiion of the data
GC or LNA bo
oost settings.
4:
Set the mappin
ng for the dev
vice IO pins. The
T Status off the IO is then displayed o
over time in th
he
se
ection 5 of the
e window.
5:
This section indicates the modem
m
and DIOs status
6:
Set the operatiing mode of the device.
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SX1276
6 Developm
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USER
R GUIDE
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WIRELESS, SENSING & TIMING PR
RODUCTS
6.2.3 LoRa
L
Para
ameters Window
W
4
1
2
3
Figurre 12: LoRa Radio
R
param
meters window
w
1:
Set the Radio settings for th
he LoRa modulation
2:
Details
D
status of
o the reception
3:
Set the payload to be transm
mitted controll the emission
n or reception
n of the radio
4:
Enable or disable the IRQ related to the LoRa modula
ation
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SX1276
6 Developm
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USER
R GUIDE
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WIRELESS, SENSING & TIMING PR
RODUCTS
6.3 FS
SK Mode
6.3.1 FSK
F
Menu
The FSK menu is orga
anized around
d several wind
dows allowing
g the user to set the radio
o step by step
p. The
detail of each
e
window is
i described from
f
section 5.2.1.1
5
onwarrd.
Some info
ormation are however
h
glob
bal to the FSK
K radio operattion and are tthus displayed
d on every window
as shown on figure 9.
Refres
sh all
registers
s value
Opens Registers win
ndow
RSSI / Spectrum An
nalyzer
es the Modem
m IRQ status
Indicate
Indicates the Modem ope
erating Mode
Figure
F
13: FS
SK window s
structure
In FSK mo
ode, it is poss
sible to perforrm a quantitative spectrum
m analysis butt reading the RSSI value a
across
a range of
o Frequency. It is also pos
ssible to have
e a qualitative
e measureme
ent of the RSS
SI as it is dettected
by the chipsets. This tool
t
is especially useful when a more e
expensive sp
pectrum analyyzer is not at hand
reach.
When Mo
onitor is set to
o ON, the GU
UI will constan
ntly scan the status of the FSK IRQ reg
gister and dissplays
the status
s on the right hand side of the
t GUI. Setting Monitor to
o OFF disable
es this feature
es.
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6 Developm
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USER
R GUIDE
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WIRELESS, SENSING & TIMING PR
RODUCTS
6.3.2 Common
C
window
w
1
2
3
Figure
F
14: FS
SK Common
n window
The Com
mmon window
w allows the
e user to se
et the comm on Tx/Rx pa
arameters fo
or the modullation.
Paramete
ers such as th
he modulation type (FSK or OOK), Fre
equency, Bitrrate, frequenccy deviation o
or the
oscillator details can be
e entered in this window.
When Fre
equency Hopping is used, the control bit
b “Fast Hop ing” need to be set so tha
at the interna
al PLL
can optim
mize to jump frrom one frequ
uency to the next
n
in the sm
mallest amoun
nt of time.
It is also in this window
w that the Gau
ussian Filter parameter
p
is sset for the transmission.
A general description would
w
be:
1:
Set the genera
al parameters for the modu
ulation
2:
Set the modula
ation Type an
nd the Gaussian filter param
meter (Tx On
nly)
3:
Set the oscillattors paramete
ers
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WIRELESS, SENSING & TIMING PR
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6.3.3 Transmitte
T
er window
w
1
2
3
4
Figure 15: FSK Transmitte
er window
As indicatted through itts name, the transmitter
t
window
w
groupss the configurration parame
eters related to the
transmiss
sion:
1:
This field allow
ws the user to select the radio output pin
n. Depending of the SX127
76 module ve
ersion,
it may or may not
n be possib
ble to select th
he RFO pin a s output.
2:
Set the output power of the radio. The maximum
m
outp
put power is 2
20dBm.
3:
Overload
O
curre
ent protection
4:
PLL Bandwidth
h
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USER
R GUIDE
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WIRELESS, SENSING & TIMING PR
RODUCTS
6.3.4 Receiver
R
window
w
1
8
5
2
6
7
9
3
4
Figure 16: FS
SK Receiverr window
This window allows the
e user to set the
t parameterrs for the paccket reception
n:
1:
h filter and set the AFC recception bandw
width filter
Set the receptiion bandwidth
Please, note th
hat the AFC bandwidth
b
filte
er is disregard
ded if AFC Au
uto is set to O
OFF
2:
Enable or disable the AGC and set the step threshold
d (I am not sure what it doe
es actually)
3:
Enable or disable the pream
mble detector and set the p
preamble dete
ector parame
eters.
Please, note th
hat the pream
mble detector must be enab
bled if the recception is trigg
gered on prea
amble
de
etection.
4:
Enable or disable the LNA boost
b
5:
Enable or disable the AFC and
a read the FEI
6:
Control
C
the RS
SSI detection.. If the recepttion is triggere
red on the RS
SSI detection,, these param
meters
alllow controllin
ng the level of
o RSSI triggering the recception and ssmoothing the
e peak detecctor to
av
void false dettection in case
e of random peak
p
in the fre
equency band
d.
7:
These parame
eters control th
he events tha
at trig a recep
ption and the behavior of th
he receiver in
n case
off collision
8:
Enable or Disa
able the bit sy
ynchronizer an
nd configure tthe OOK dem
modulator
9:
Set internal tim
ming between events
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6 Developm
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USER
R GUIDE
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WIRELESS, SENSING & TIMING PR
RODUCTS
6.3.5 IR
RQ and Map window
w
1
2
3
4
Fig
gure 17: FSK
K IRQ and Ma
ap window
The IRQ and
a Mapping window is us
sed to set and
d control the I RQs in the de
evice:
1:
In
ndicates the current
c
status of the device
e
2:
Enable or disable the pream
mble detection
n IRQ (when starting on RSSI detection
n)
3:
Configures
C
the
e IRQ and how
w they are ma
apped with th
he DIOs of the
e device.
4:
Disable
D
or Ena
able and set th
he clock out of
o the device
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WIRELESS, SENSING & TIMING PR
RODUCTS
6.3.6 Packet
P
Han
ndler wind
dow
1
2
4
3
Figure 18: FSK Packet Hand
dler window
The packe
et handler is the
t main interrface window
ws to control th
he transmission or receptio
on of packetss once
the radio has been settup. Whether in transmissio
on or receptio
on, this windo
ow allow the u
user to define
ed the
ed or to be rec
ceived
packet to be transmitte
1:
This field allow
ws the user to define the pa
acket structurre.
2:
Once
O
the pack
ket structure has been de
efined, this vie
ew allows the
e user that a
all each field of the
pa
acket structurre is set corre
ectly.
3:
oad to be tran
nsmitted or display the payyload received
d.
Enter the paylo
4:
Control
C
the pac
cket handler transmission
t
or reception.
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USER
R GUIDE
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WIRELESS, SENSING & TIMING PR
RODUCTS
6.3.7 Sequencer
S
r window
Figure
F
19: FS
SK Sequence
er window
The sequencer window
w allows the user
u
to setup the internal sstate machine
e of the devicce and contro
ol how
the device
e will react fo
ollowing an ev
vent. For morre information
n on the FSK internal state
e machine, pllease,
refer to the datasheet.
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WIRELESS, SENSING & TIMING PR
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6.3.8 Temperatu
T
ure window
w
Fig
gure 20: FSK
K Temperatu
ure window
The SX12
276 is fitted with
w an internal temperature sensor. N
Note that use
er is prompte
ed to calibratte the
SX1276 temperature
t
sensor
s
by cliicking on the
e Calibrate bu
utton to acce
ess the temp
perature calib
bration
dialog box
x. If auto calib
bration is set,, a new calibrration will be performed at every tempe
erature change that
exceeds the
t threshold.. Threshold va
alue could be
e set to 5, 10, 15 and 20°C
C.
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WIRELESS, SENSING & TIMING PR
RODUCTS
7 Ho
ow to...
7.1 … perform a simple
e transmiission / re
eception in LoRa
Performin
ng a simple Trransmission – Reception in
n LoRa is fairrly straight forrward.
First, the user needs to
o set the RF transmission parameters:
p
Set the fre
equency
Second, the user need
ds to set the LoRa
L
modulattion paramete
ers:
Set the Spre
eading Factor
Set the Cod
ding Rate
Set the Ban
ndwidth
Optimize trransmission
for Low Da
atarate OFF
(mandatoryy for SF11 an
nd
SF12 with BW=125KHzz)
Set the Pa
ayload
Click “Sta
art” to start Trransmitting
Set the Deviice in Transm
mitter Mode
It is important to notic
ce that the de
evice mode of
o operation iss standby be
etween packe
ets, this is wh
hy the
Operating
g mode is left in “Standby”.
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WIRELESS, SENSING & TIMING PR
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On the Re
eception side, the principle
e is exactly the
e same. We ffirst need to sset the basic rradio parameters:
Set the fre
equency
n
to set th
he device in re
eception afterr setting the L
Lora modulatiion parameters.
Then we need
Set the S
Spreading Facctor
Set the C
Coding Rate
Set the B
Bandwidth
Enable tthe payload C
CRC
check
Optimizze transmissio
on for
Low dattarate OFF
(mandatory for SF11 and
SF12)
Click “Start” to start Receivin
ng
Set th
he Device in R
Receiver
At this sta
age, the trans
smission – rec
ception should
d be complette and the use
er should see
e the LEDs blinking
on the Eig
ger platforms..
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SX1276
6 Developm
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USER
R GUIDE
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WIRELESS, SENSING & TIMING PR
RODUCTS
7.2 … perform a simple
e transmiission / re
eception in FSK
First, you need to set the RF parameters for the transmission:
t
:
Set the fre
equency: 915,000,000 Hz
Set the bitrate: 19,200 b
bps
Set the Fre
equency deviation: 50,000
0 Hz
In the transmitter, rece
eters can be left at their d
eiver and IRQ
Q windows, all
a the parame
default values and
then we simply
s
need to
o set our pack
ket structure.
Set the prreamble size: 5
Set the pre
eamble polarity: 0x55
Set the Syync Word size
e: 4
Set the Syync Word: 0x6
69- 0x81-…
Set the pa
acket length: vvariable
Set the pa
ayload: 0xA1-0
0xA2-…
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USER
R GUIDE
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WIRELESS, SENSING & TIMING PR
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At this sta
age the radio is fully configured on the trransmitter sid
de. We can no
ow set the de
evice in Transsmitter
mode so that
t
packets are
a ready to be
b sent from the
t device.
Tx Pacckets: Indicate
es the numbe
er of
packetts sent
Set the
e Device in Trransmitter Mo
ode
A sma
all control window appears
allowin
ng the user to
o set the number of
packets to be sent. Setting the vvalue
to ‘0’ w
will make the device transm
mitting
indefin
nitely.
ending packe
ets, simply clic
ck on the “Sta
art” button.
To start se
Notice
e the green LED indicating
g when
a packet is sent
Press “Start” to sta
art sending pa
ackets
Press “Stop” to stop sending packets
ce is now sen
nding packet.. You can als
so see the Ye
ellow LED fla
ashing on the
e Eiger modu
ules to
The devic
indicate th
hat the device
e is currently transmitting.
t
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SX1276
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USER
R GUIDE
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WIRELESS, SENSING & TIMING PR
RODUCTS
We must now configure
e the receiver side. Open a new window
w of the SX12
276SKA and configure the
e radio
or the transmitter side. The
e process is id
dentical:
as done fo
Set the fre
equency: 915
5,000,000 Hz
Set the bittrate: 19,200 bps
Set the Frrequency deviation: 50,000
0 Hz
In the rece
eiver, it is nec
cessary to set some param
meters to conffigure the recceiver.
Set the Rxx Bandwidth: 100,000 Hz
Set the AF
FC Auto: ON
Set the AF
FC Auto clearr: ON
Set the Fre
equency deviiation: 50,000
0 Hz
Set AGC Auto: ON
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USER
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WIRELESS, SENSING & TIMING PR
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To finish, the user mus
st simply set the packet handler parame
eters as in Tx:
Set the pre
eamble size: 5
Set the pre
eamble polaritty: 0x55
Set the Syn
nc Word size: 4
Set the Syn
nc Word: 0x69- 0x81-…
Set the paccket length: vvariable
Press “Starrt” to start recceiving packetts
Set the Devvice in Receivver Mode
The re
eceived payload is displaye
ed here
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7.3 … perform Continuous trans
smission
n and Rec
ception in
n LoRa
It is possible to set th
he SX1276 in
n Continuous Tx mode to perform a sspectral evalu
uation of the LoRa
modulatio
on. In this mod
de, the SX1276 will be goiing through th
he FiFo and ssend whateve
er data are prresent
in the RAM
M.
Set the d
device in
continuo
ous TX mode
s the devic
ce in Continuous Rx mod e. In this mo
ode, the deviice is continu
uously
It is also possible to set
ent from the trransmitter.
receiving the packet se
Set the d
device in
continuo
ous RX mode
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USER
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WIRELESS, SENSING & TIMING PR
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7.4 … Log the Transmittted or Re
eceived p
packets
The SX12
276SKA has a logging fac
cility which allows
a
the use
er to get the exact time sstamps at wh
hich a
packet ha
as been sent or
o received an
nd with all the
e information related to thiss packet.
Start
S
the Logg
ging of the tra
ansmitted or re
eceived packkets
Depending if you are in
n FSK mode or
o in LoRa mo
ode, a differe nt pop-up win
ndow will app
pear:
In FSK mode, the pa
acket logger a
allows to the u
user to only lo
og a
limited amount
a
of pa
acket (indicate
ed by the valu
ue “Max Samp
ples”).
Then, when
w
the packkets are being
g transmitted or received, the
numberr of desired pa
ackets will be
e logged in the
e file selected
d.
In LoRa mo
ode, the packe
et logger is enabled or
disabled. O
Once enabled,, all transmitte
ed or received
d
packets willl be logged in
n the selected
d file until the
packet logg
ger is disabled
d.
When enab
bling the packket logger, it iss possible to
start a com plete new log
g in a new file or to append
d an
existing file .
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7.5 … perform a CW or PN9 Tx test on the SX1276
The SX1276 does not have a dedicated CW or PN9 Tx test mode implemented. However, it is possible to
perform this test manually by setting the device in Tx continuous mode, and feed PN9/15 data stream to
the DATA pin (DIO2/DATA), from a signal generator.
7.6 … check the frequency accuracy of the SX1276 module
There is a very simple way to get the frequency error of the sx1276 modules. The core idea is to set the
device in FSK and to set the frequency deviation to 0. In this case, the device will only emit a signal at the
center frequency. The difference between the measured value and the set value gives you the frequency
error.
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WIRELESS, SENSING & TIMING PRODUCTS
8 Troubleshooting
Each Eiger platform, radio module or software kit has been thoroughly tested before to be released for
customer evaluation. The section below highlights some of the common issues faced by users and how it
can be fixed.
8.1 The Eiger platform indicates very high PER even in short range
There are several reasons which can have a dramatic influence over the performance of the platform.
One of the common reasons is that the frequency selected is in the GSM or in another already used
frequency band. If the frequency you have selected is already used by another RF system, the
communication will obviously be affected. We therefore recommend to the user to check the RF band
usage in his location before to start any PER testing.
8.2 The communication range in Lora is very poor
There are two aspects which can limit the LoRa performances: the emission power and the antenna.
Please, make sure that we are using enough power to reach the distance you want to achieve. The Eiger
platform can output up to 20dBm signals. The other aspect is the antenna, please, make sure the
antenna you are using is designed to operate at the frequency region you are transmitting in.
8.3 The SX1276SKA do not detect the device through the USB
This issue is usually caused by a wrong connection of the USB
The step below should fix the issue.
1- Make sure the Eiger Platform is powered down (Battery switch set to 0) and is not connected to
the PC through the USB.
2- Reconnect the side USB to the PC, the red LED on the left side should light up
3- Connect the bottom USB to the PC.
4- Power the device up (Battery switch set to 1)
5- Press the five-way central push button until the screen light up.
6- Launch the SX1276SKA on the PC
8.4 The Eiger platform does not seem to work anymore
The battery is probably empty and you should connect the device through the side USB to a computer for
a few hours, time for the battery to charge.
8.5 The Eiger platform touch screen is not accurate
This is probably due to a miss-calibration of the touch screen. In this situation, the user should reset the
touch screen calibration and perform an accurate calibration using the stylus provided.
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WIRELESS, SENSING & TIMING PRODUCTS
© Semtech 2014
All rights reserved. Reproduction in whole or in part is prohibited without the prior written consent of the copyright
owner. The information presented in this document does not form part of any quotation or contract, is believed to
be accurate and reliable and may be changed without notice. No liability will be accepted by the publisher for any
consequence of its use. Publication thereof does not convey nor imply any license under patent or other industrial
or intellectual property rights. Semtech assumes no responsibility or liability whatsoever for any failure or
unexpected operation resulting from misuse, neglect improper installation, repair or improper handling or unusual
physical or electrical stress including, but not limited to, exposure to parameters beyond the specified maximum
ratings or operation outside the specified range.
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Contact Information
Semtech Corporation
Wireless & Sensing Products Division
200 Flynn Road, Camarillo, CA 93012
Phone: (805) 498-2111 Fax: (805) 498-3804
E-mail: [email protected]
[email protected]
Internet: http://www.semtech.com
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