® RT9172 3A Fixed Output Voltage LDO Regulator The RT9172 series of low dropout linear regulators operate from a 2.25V to 6V input supply. A wide range of preset output voltage options is available. These low dropout linear regulators respond very fast to step changes in load, which are suitable for low voltage microprocessor applications. The RT9172 uses an internal P-MOSFET as the pass device, which does not cause extra GND current in heavy load and dropout condition. The shutdown mode of low operation current makes the IC suitable for powersaving systems. The other features include current limiting and over temperature protection. Ordering Information RT9172 - Package Type T5 : TO-220-5 M5 : TO-263-5 T : TO-220 M : TO-263 G : SOT-223 S : SOP-8 Lead Plating System P : Pb Free G : Green (Halogen Free and Pb Free) Output Voltage 1.5V to 3.3V (with 0.1V per step) Features Low Dropout Voltage Low Ground Pin Current Load Regulation of 0.4% at 3A 0.5mA Quiescent Current in Shutdown Mode Guaranteed Output Current of 3A DC Available in TO-263 and TO-220 Packages Output Voltage Accuracy ±1.5% Error Flag Indicates Output Status Sense Option Improves Better Load Regulation Extremely Low Output Capacitor Requirements Over Temperature/Over- Current Protection RoHS Compliant and 100% Lead (Pb)-Free Applications Microprocessor Power Supplies GTL, GTL+, BTL, and SSTL Bus Terminators Power Supplies for DSPs SCSI Terminator Post Regulators High Efficiency Linear Regulators Battery Chargers Other Battery Powered Applications Pin Configurations (TOP VIEW) 1 2 3 S : Pin Out Exchange N : Pin 5 bond SENSE F : Pin 5 bond FLG VIN GND VOUT (TAB) General Description Note : Richtek products are : ` 1 TO-220 3 VIN GND VOUT (TAB) RoHS compliant and compatible with the current require- TO-263 ments of IPC/JEDEC J-STD-020. ` 2 Suitable for use in SnPb or Pb-free soldering processes. Marking Information For marking information, contact our sales representative directly or through a Richtek distributor located in your area. Copyright © 2013 Richtek Technology Corporation. All rights reserved. DS9172-18 August 2013 1 2 3 VIN GND VOUT (TAB) VOUT SENSE GND NC 2 3 4 8 7 6 5 VIN GND GND EN SOP-8 SOT-223 is a registered trademark of Richtek Technology Corporation. www.richtek.com 1 RT9172 5 SENSE/FLG 5 SENSE/FLG 4 VOUT 4 VOUT 3 GND (TAB) 3 GND (TAB) 2 VIN 2 VIN 1 EN 1 EN TO-220-5 RT9172NRT9172F- TO-263-5 xT5 xT5 RT9172NRT9172F- xM5 xM5 5 VOUT 5 VOUT 4 SENSE 4 SENSE 3 GND (TAB) 3 GND (TAB) 2 EN 2 EN 1 VIN 1 VIN TO-220-5 RT9172S- TO-263-5 xT5 RT9172S- xM5 Functional Pin Description Pin No. RT9172F RT9172N RT9172S RT9172- xT RT9172- xM RT9172- xG Pin Name Pin Function 1 1 2 -- EN Chip Enable. (Active Hight) 2 2 1 1 VIN Power Input Voltage. 3 3 3 2 GND Ground. 4 4 5 3 VOUT Output Voltage. 5 -- -- -- FLG ERROR Flag. -- 5 4 -- SENSE Remote Sense. Typical Application Circuit RT9172-25 CIN 10uF VIN VOUT GND + + VIN = 3.3V VOUT 2.5V, 3A COUT Figure 1 Copyright © 2013 Richtek Technology Corporation. All rights reserved. www.richtek.com 2 is a registered trademark of Richtek Technology Corporation. DS9172-18 August 2013 RT9172 Trace resistance = Rt RT9172N-25 VIN + VIN = 3.3V CIN 10uF VOUT VLOAD = 2.5V + 10K EN ILOAD L O A D COUT SENSE GND Figure 2 Trace resistance = Rt RT9172F-25 VIN + VIN = 3.3V VOUT VLOAD = 2.5V -ILOADRt ILOAD 10K 10K EN + CIN 10uF VOUT = 2.5V COUT FLG GND L O A D Figure 3 Recommend COUT: Please note that the part must be paralleled with the least a 100μF electrolytic capacitor when using a 10μF (or greater) ceramic type as the output capacitor to prevent the output oscillating. Function Block Diagram RT9172F VOUT VIN Buffer Amlifier Thermal EN + Current Limiting Sensor - + FLG VREF GND Copyright © 2013 Richtek Technology Corporation. All rights reserved. DS9172-18 August 2013 is a registered trademark of Richtek Technology Corporation. www.richtek.com 3 RT9172 RT9172N/RT9172S VOUT VIN Buffer Amlifier Thermal SENSE - EN + Current Limiting Sensor VREF GND RT9172 VOUT VIN Buffer Amlifier Thermal + Current Limiting Sensor - VREF GND Copyright © 2013 Richtek Technology Corporation. All rights reserved. www.richtek.com 4 is a registered trademark of Richtek Technology Corporation. DS9172-18 August 2013 RT9172 Absolute Maximum Ratings Input Voltage ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6V Power Dissipation, PD @ TA = 25°C SOT-223 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0.741W SOP-8 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0.625W TO-263 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2.222W TO-220 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1.820W Package Thermal Resistance (Note 1) SOT-223, θJC ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 23°C/W SOT-223, θJA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 135°C/W SOP-8, θJC -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 45°C/W SOP-8, θJA -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 160°C/W TO-263, θJC ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 7.8°C/W TO-263, θJA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 45°C/W TO-220, θJC ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 15°C/W TO-220, θJA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 55°C/W ESD Rating ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3 kV Storage Temperature Range ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- −65°C to 150°C Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10 sec.) --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 260°C Junction Temperature Range ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- −40°C to 125°C Electrical Characteristics (Limits in standard typeface are for TA = 25° C, unless otherwise specified: VIN = VO(NOM) + 1.0V, IL = 10mA, COUT = 10uF(Electrolytic), VEN = VIN) Parameter Symbol Test Conditions Min Typ Max Unit −1.5 0 1.5 % 2.25 -- 5.5 V VOUT + 0.4V < VIN < 5.5V -- 0.35 1 % Note 2 -- 0.4 1 Note 3 -- 0.1 0.4 Note 4 -- 0.1 0.4 I L = 3A -- 400 700 mV -- 1.2 3 mA -- 0.5 5 μA Output Voltage Tolerance Input Voltage Range VIN Line Regulation ΔVLINE Load Regulation ΔVLOAD % Dropout Voltage VDROP Quiescent Current IQ Shutdown Supply Current IGSD Peak Output Current IO(PEAK) 3.5 5 -- A ILIMIT 3.5 5 -- A Guaranteed by design -- 170 -- °C Guaranteed by design -- 10 -- °C VEN = 0V Short Circuit Protection Current Limit Over Temperature Protection Shutdown Threshold TSD Thermal Shutdown Hysteresis Copyright © 2013 Richtek Technology Corporation. All rights reserved. DS9172-18 August 2013 is a registered trademark of Richtek Technology Corporation. www.richtek.com 5 RT9172 Parameter Symbol Test Conditions Min Typ Max Unit Output = High 1.2 VIN -- Output = Low -- 0 0.4 VEN = VIN -- 0.1 -- nA -- 1 -- nA 2 -- -- mA Shutdown Function EN Pin Shutdown Threshold VEN EN Input Current FLG Pin Leakage Current ILEAKAGE FLG Pin Sink Current VFLG = 0.5V V Note 1. θJA is measured in the natural convection at T A = 25°C on a low effective thermal conductivity test board of JEDEC 51-3 thermal measurement standard. The case point of θJC is on the center of the exposed pad. The pad size is 125mm2 on TO-263 packages. Note 2. RT9172-xX, RT9172F-XXxX5, 10mA < IL < 3A Note 3. RT9172S-XXxX5, RT9172N-XXxX5, 10mA < IL < 3A Note 4. RT9172xS, 10mA < IL < 1.5A Copyright © 2013 Richtek Technology Corporation. All rights reserved. www.richtek.com 6 is a registered trademark of Richtek Technology Corporation. DS9172-18 August 2013 RT9172 Typical Operating Characteristics Temperature Stability Quiescent Current vs. Load Current 2.60 Quiescent Current (mA) 1.4 Output Voltage (V) 2.56 2.52 2.48 VOUT = 2.5V CIN = 1uF (Ceramic) COUT = 10uF (Tantalum) VIN = VO + 1.0V ILOAD = 10mA 2.44 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 VOUT = 2.5V CIN = 1uF (Ceramic) COUT = 10uF (Tantalum) VIN = VO + 1.0V 0.2 2.40 0.0 -35 -15 5 25 45 65 85 105 125 0.0 0.5 1.0 Temperature (° C) 2.5 3.0 Quiescent Current vs. Supply Voltage Quiescent Current vs. Temperature 1.5 1.2 Quiescent Current (mA) Quiescent Current (mA) 2.0 Load Current (A) 1.4 1.0 0.8 0.6 VOUT = 2.5V CIN = 1uF (Ceramic) COUT = 10uF (Tantalum) VIN = VO + 1.0V ILOAD = 10mA 0.4 0.2 1.2 0.9 0.6 VOUT = 2.5V CIN = 1uF (Ceramic) COUT = 10uF (Tantalum) VIN = 2V to 6V ILOAD = 10mA 0.3 0.0 0.0 -35 -15 5 25 45 65 85 105 2.0 125 2.5 3.0 Temperature (° C) 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 Current Limit vs. Temperature 6.0 VOUT = 2.5V CIN = 1uF (Ceramic) COUT = 10uF (Tantalum) 5.2 Current Limit (A) 0.6 3.5 Supply Voltage (V) Dropout Voltage (VIN - VOUT) 0.7 Dropout Voltage (V) 1.5 0.5 0.4 TJ = 125°C 0.3 0.2 VOUT = 2.5V CIN = 1uF (Ceramic) COUT = 10uF (Tantalum) VIN = VOUT + 1.0V 4.4 3.6 2.8 TJ = 25°C 0.1 2.0 0 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 Load Current (A) Copyright © 2013 Richtek Technology Corporation. All rights reserved. DS9172-18 August 2013 3.0 -35 -15 5 25 45 65 85 105 125 Temperature (° C) is a registered trademark of Richtek Technology Corporation. www.richtek.com 7 RT9172 PSRR VOUT = 2.5V COUT = 10uF (Electrolytic) -20 ILOAD = 100mA ILOAD = 10mA -25 PSRR (dB) Load Regulation Deviation 0.00 Output Voltage Deviation (%) A -15 -30 -35 -40 -45 -50 -0.03 -0.06 -0.09 VOUT = 2.5V CIN = 1uF (Ceramic) COUT = 10uF (Tantalum) ILOAD = 10mA -0.12 -0.15 -55 10 100 1K 10K 100K 1M -35 -15 5 Frequency (Hz) 25 45 65 85 105 125 Temperature (° C) EN Pin Shutdown Response Range of Stable ESR Values 2 1 0 Shutdown Voltage (V) ≈ VOUT = 1.8V CIN = 1uF (Ceramic) COUT = 10uF (Tantalum) ILOAD = 100mA ≈ TA = 25°C 2 1 0 Output Capacitor ESR( Ω ). Output Voltage (V) 100 CIN = 1uF (MLCC) COUT = 10uF (MLCC) 10 Stable Region 1 0.1 Reqion of Instability 0.01 2 3 4 6 7 8 9 10 1.5 2 2.5 Line Transient Response COUT = 10uF (Electrolytic) ILOAD = 100mA ≈ ≈ 5.5 4.5 3.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 Time (ms) Copyright © 2013 Richtek Technology Corporation. All rights reserved. www.richtek.com 8 1 Line Transient Response 0 0.5 0.5 Time (ms) 20 0 0 Output Current (A) CIN = 1uF (Ceramic) VOUT = 2.5V TA = 25°C 40 5 Output Voltage Deviation(mV) 1 5 Input Voltage Deviation (V) Input Voltage Deviation (V) Output Voltage Deviation(mV) 0 CIN = 1uF (Ceramic) VOUT = 2.5V TA = 25°C 40 3 COUT = 10uF (Tantalum) ILOAD = 100mA 20 0 ≈ ≈ 5.5 4.5 3.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 Time (ms) is a registered trademark of Richtek Technology Corporation. DS9172-18 August 2013 RT9172 0 ≈ ≈ 6 3 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.9 COUT = 10uF (Tantalum) ILOAD : 100mA 3A 100 0 ≈ ≈ 6 3 0 10 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 Time (ms) Time (ms) Noise Signal Noise Signal CIN = 1uF (Ceramic) VOUT = 2.5V TA = 25°C 1.5 0.8 CIN = 1uF (Ceramic) VOUT = 2.5V TA = 25°C 200 ↓ Output Voltage Deviation(mV) 100 0 COUT = 10uF (Tantalum) ILOAD :10mA CIN = 1uF (Ceramic) VOUT = 2.5V TA = 25°C 1.5 1.0 Output Voltage (mV) Output Voltage (mV) COUT = 100uF (Electrolytic) ILOAD :100mA 3A ↓ CIN = 1uF (Ceramic) VOUT = 2.5V TA = 25°C 200 Load Transient Response Load Current Deviation (A) Load Current Deviation (A) Output Voltage Deviation(mV) Load Transient Response 0.5 0 -0.5 -1.0 -1.5 0.8 0.9 10 COUT = 10uF (Tantalum) ILOAD :100mA 1.0 0.5 0 -0.5 -1.0 -1.5 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Time (ms) Copyright © 2013 Richtek Technology Corporation. All rights reserved. DS9172-18 August 2013 9 10 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Time (ms) is a registered trademark of Richtek Technology Corporation. www.richtek.com 9 RT9172 Application Information Sense Pin Capacitor Selection An output capacitor as part of the device frequency compensation to maintain stability and improve transient response. Proper capacitor selection is important to ensure proper operation. When the output capacitor is 10μF or greater, the output capacitor should have an ESR less than 2Ω. This will improve transient response as well as promote stability. Ultra-low-ESR capacitor (<100mΩ), such as ceramic chip capacitors, may promote instability. These very low ESR levels may cause an oscillation and/or underdamped transient response. A low-ESR solid tantalum capacitor works extremely well and provides good transient response and stability over temperature. Aluminum electrolytics can also be used, as long as the ESR of the capacitor is <2Ω. The value of the output capacitor can be increased without limit. Higher capacitor values help to improve transient response and ripple rejection and reduce output noise. The RT9172 requires a minimum input capacitance of 1μF between the input and ground pins to prevent any impedance interactions with the supply. The RT9172 requires a minimum of 10μF (tantalum, or electrolytic) capacitance between the output and ground pins for proper operation. Please note that the part must be paralleled with the least a 100μF electrolytic capacitor when using a 10μF (or greater) ceramic type as the output capacitor to prevent the output oscillating. Error Operation (FLG) The RT9172 produces a logic low signal at the FLG pin when the output drops out of regulation due to low input voltage, current limiting, or thermal limiting. The internal error FLG comparator has an open drain output stage. Hence, the FLG pin should be pulled high through a pull up resistor. In applications where the regulator output is not very close to the load, RT9172 can provide better remote load regulation using the SENSE pin. Figure 2. and Figure 3. depict the advantage of the SENSE option. RT9172 regulates the voltage at the output pin. Hence, the voltage at the remote load will be the regulator output voltage minus the drop across the trace resistance. For example, in the case of a 3.3V output, if the trace resistance is 100mΩ, the voltage at the remote load will be 3V with 3A of load current, ILOAD. The RT9172 regulates the voltage at the sense pin. Connecting the sense pin to the remote load will provide regulation at the remote load, as shown in Figure 2. and Figure 3. Chip Enable Operation A CMOS logic level signal at the chip enable (EN) pin will turn-off the regulator. Pin EN must be actively terminated through a 10kΩ pull-up resistor for a proper operation. If this pin is driven from a source that actively pulls high and low (such as a CMOS rail to rail comparator), the pull-up resistor is not required. This pin must be tied to VIN if not used. Dropout Voltage The dropout voltage of a regulator is defined as the minimum input-to-output differential required to stay within 2% of the output voltage. The RT9172 uses an internal MOSFET with an RDS(ON) 160mΩ. For CMOS LDOs, the dropout voltage is the product of the load current and the RDS(ON) of the internal MOSFET. Maximum Output Current Capability RT9172 can deliver a continuous current of 1.5 A over the full operating temperature range. A heatsink may be required depending on the maximum power dissipation and maximum ambient temperature of the application. Under all possible conditions, the junction temperature must be within the range specified under operating conditions. The total power dissipation of the device is given by : PD = (VIN − VOUT) IOUT + (VIN) IGND where IGND is the operating ground current of the device (specified under Electrical Characteristics). Copyright © 2013 Richtek Technology Corporation. All rights reserved. www.richtek.com 10 is a registered trademark of Richtek Technology Corporation. DS9172-18 August 2013 RT9172 Outline Dimension C D F M E1 L1 E b1 A1 L2 e b b2 A Dimensions In Millimeters Dimensions In Inches Symbol Min Max Min Max A 4.064 4.826 0.160 0.190 A1 2.032 2.921 0.080 0.115 b 0.635 1.016 0.025 0.040 b1 1.143 1.524 0.045 0.060 b2 0.305 0.559 0.012 0.022 C 1.143 1.397 0.045 0.055 D 9.779 10.668 0.385 0.420 E 7.620 9.398 0.300 0.370 e 2.286 2.794 0.090 0.110 E1 11.176 12.954 0.440 0.510 F 2.616 2.870 0.103 0.113 L1 17.526 18.542 0.690 0.730 L2 7.544 8.636 0.297 0.340 M 3.708 3.962 0.146 0.156 3-Lead TO- 220 Plastic Package Copyright © 2013 Richtek Technology Corporation. All rights reserved. DS9172-18 August 2013 is a registered trademark of Richtek Technology Corporation. www.richtek.com 11 RT9172 C D U B V E L1 b1 L2 e b2 b A Dimensions In Millimeters Dimensions In Inches Symbol Min Max Min Max A 4.064 4.826 0.160 0.190 B 1.143 1.676 0.045 0.066 b 0.660 0.914 0.026 0.036 b1 1.143 1.397 0.045 0.055 b2 0.305 0.584 0.012 0.023 C 1.143 1.397 0.045 0.055 D 9.652 10.668 0.380 0.420 E 8.128 9.652 0.320 0.380 e 2.286 2.794 0.090 0.110 L1 14.605 15.875 0.575 0.625 L2 2.286 2.794 0.090 0.110 U 6.223 Ref. 0.245 Ref. V 7.620 Ref. 0.300 Ref. 3-Lead TO- 263 Surface Mount Copyright © 2013 Richtek Technology Corporation. All rights reserved. www.richtek.com 12 is a registered trademark of Richtek Technology Corporation. DS9172-18 August 2013 RT9172 Dimensions In Millimeters Dimensions In Inches Symbol Min Max Min Max A 1.400 1.800 0.055 0.071 A1 0.020 0.100 0.001 0.004 b 0.600 0.840 0.024 0.033 B 3.300 3.700 0.130 0.146 C 6.700 7.300 0.264 0.287 D 6.300 6.700 0.248 0.264 b1 2.900 3.100 0.114 0.122 e 2.300 0.091 H 0.230 0.350 0.009 0.014 L 1.500 2.000 0.059 0.079 L1 0.800 1.100 0.031 0.043 3-Lead SOT-223 Surface Mount Package Copyright © 2013 Richtek Technology Corporation. All rights reserved. DS9172-18 August 2013 is a registered trademark of Richtek Technology Corporation. www.richtek.com 13 RT9172 C D M F E1 E P A1 e b b2 A Dimensions In Millimeters Dimensions In Inches Symbol Min Max Min Max A 4.064 4.826 0.160 0.190 A1 2.032 2.921 0.080 0.115 b 0.635 1.016 0.025 0.040 b2 0.305 0.559 0.012 0.022 C 1.143 1.397 0.045 0.055 e 1.524 1.829 0.060 0.072 D 9.779 10.668 0.385 0.420 E 7.620 9.398 0.300 0.370 E1 11.176 12.954 0.440 0.510 F 14.224 15.113 0.560 0.595 M 3.708 3.962 0.146 0.156 P 24.689 26.416 0.972 1.040 5-Lead TO-220 Plastic Package Copyright © 2013 Richtek Technology Corporation. All rights reserved. www.richtek.com 14 is a registered trademark of Richtek Technology Corporation. DS9172-18 August 2013 RT9172 C D U B V E L1 L2 b e b2 A Dimensions In Millimeters Dimensions In Inches Symbol Min Max Min Max A 4.064 4.826 0.160 0.190 B 1.143 1.676 0.045 0.066 b 0.660 0.914 0.026 0.036 b2 0.305 0.584 0.012 0.023 C 1.143 1.397 0.045 0.055 D 9.652 10.668 0.380 0.420 E 8.128 9.652 0.320 0.380 e 1.524 1.829 0.060 0.072 L1 14.605 15.875 0.575 0.625 L2 2.286 2.794 0.090 0.110 U 6.223 Ref. 0.245 Ref. V 7.620 Ref. 0.300 Ref. 5-Lead TO-263 Plastic Surface Mount Package Copyright © 2013 Richtek Technology Corporation. All rights reserved. DS9172-18 August 2013 is a registered trademark of Richtek Technology Corporation. www.richtek.com 15 RT9172 H A M J B F C I D Dimensions In Millimeters Dimensions In Inches Symbol Min Max Min Max A 4.801 5.004 0.189 0.197 B 3.810 3.988 0.150 0.157 C 1.346 1.753 0.053 0.069 D 0.330 0.508 0.013 0.020 F 1.194 1.346 0.047 0.053 H 0.170 0.254 0.007 0.010 I 0.050 0.254 0.002 0.010 J 5.791 6.200 0.228 0.244 M 0.400 1.270 0.016 0.050 8-Lead SOP Plastic Package Richtek Technology Corporation 5F, No. 20, Taiyuen Street, Chupei City Hsinchu, Taiwan, R.O.C. Tel: (8863)5526789 Richtek products are sold by description only. Richtek reserves the right to change the circuitry and/or specifications without notice at any time. Customers should obtain the latest relevant information and data sheets before placing orders and should verify that such information is current and complete. Richtek cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Richtek product. Information furnished by Richtek is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Richtek or its subsidiaries for its use; nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Richtek or its subsidiaries. www.richtek.com 16 DS9172-18 August 2013