C8051F58x/F59x

C8051F58x/F59x
Mixed Signal ISP Flash MCU Family
Analog Peripherals
- 12-Bit ADC
•
•
•
•
•
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Memory
- 8448 bytes internal data RAM (256 + 8192 XRAM)
- 128 or 96 kB Banked Flash; In-system programma-
Up to 200 ksps
Up to 32 external single-ended inputs
VREF from on-chip VREF, external pin or VDD
Internal or external start of conversion source
Built-in temperature sensor
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Three Comparators
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Digital Peripherals
- 40, 33, or 25 Port I/O; All 5 V push-pull with high
Programmable hysteresis and response time
Configurable as interrupt or reset source
Low current
On-Chip Debug
- On-chip debug circuitry facilitates full speed, non-
intrusive in-system debug (no emulator required)
Provides breakpoints, single stepping, 
inspect/modify memory and registers
Superior performance to emulation systems using
ICE-chips, target pods, and sockets
Low cost, complete development kit
Supply Voltage 1.8 to 5.25 V
- Typical operating current: 15 mA at 50 MHz;
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High-Speed 8051 µC Core
- Pipelined instruction architecture; executes 70% of
-
instructions in 1 or 2 system clocks
- Up to 50 MIPS throughput with 50 MHz clock
- Expanded interrupt handler
Automotive Qualified
- Temperature Range: –40 to +125 °C
-
master LIN operation.
External oscillator: Crystal, RC, C, or clock 
(1 or 2 pin modes)
Can switch between clock sources on-the-fly; 
useful in power saving modes
Packages
- 48-Pin QFP/QFN (C8051F580/1/4/5)
- 40-Pin QFN (C8051F588/9-F590/1)
- 32-Pin QFP/QFN (C8051F582/3/6/7)
ANALOG
PERIPHERALS
12-bit
200 ksps
ADC
sink current
CAN 2.0 Controller—no crystal required
LIN 2.1 Controller (Master and Slave capable); no
crystal required
Two Hardware enhanced UARTs, SMBus™, and
enhanced SPI™ serial ports
Six general purpose 16-bit counter/timers
Two 16-Bit programmable counter array (PCA)
peripherals with six capture/compare modules each
and enhanced PWM functionality
Clock Sources
- Internal 24 MHz with ±0.5% accuracy for CAN and
Typical stop mode current: 230 µA
A
M
U
X
ble in 512-byte Sectors
External 64 kB data memory interface programmable for multiplexed or non-multiplexed mode
TEMP
SENSOR
VREG
Voltage
Comparators 0-2 VREF
24 MHz PRECISION
INTERNAL OSCILLATOR
DIGITAL I/O
UART 0-1
SMBus
SPI
PCA x 2
Timers 0-5
CAN
LIN
Ports 0-4
Crossbar
External
Memory
Interface
2x Clock Multiplier
HIGH-SPEED CONTROLLER CORE
128 kB
ISP FLASH
FLEXIBLE
INTERRUPTS
Rev. 1.2 4/11
8051 CPU
(50 MIPS)
DEBUG
CIRCUITRY
8 kB XRAM
POR
Copyright © 2011 by Silicon Laboratories
WDT
C8051F580/1/2/3/4/5/6/7/8/9-F590/1
C8051F58x/F59x
2
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
Table of Contents
1. System Overview ..................................................................................................... 18
2. Ordering Information ............................................................................................... 22
3. Pin Definitions.......................................................................................................... 24
4. Package Specifications ........................................................................................... 32
4.1. QFP-48 Package Specifications........................................................................ 32
4.2. QFN-48 Package Specifications........................................................................ 34
4.3. QFN-40 Package Specifications........................................................................ 36
4.4. QFP-32 Package Specifications........................................................................ 38
4.5. QFN-32 Package Specifications........................................................................ 40
5. Electrical Characteristics ........................................................................................ 42
5.1. Absolute Maximum Specifications..................................................................... 42
5.2. Electrical Characteristics ................................................................................... 43
6. 12-Bit ADC (ADC0) ................................................................................................... 54
6.1. Modes of Operation ........................................................................................... 55
6.1.1. Starting a Conversion................................................................................ 55
6.1.2. Tracking Modes......................................................................................... 55
6.1.3. Timing ....................................................................................................... 56
6.1.4. Burst Mode................................................................................................ 57
6.2. Output Code Formatting .................................................................................... 59
6.2.1. Settling Time Requirements...................................................................... 59
6.3. Selectable Gain ................................................................................................. 60
6.3.1. Calculating the Gain Value........................................................................ 60
6.3.2. Setting the Gain Value .............................................................................. 62
6.4. Programmable Window Detector....................................................................... 68
6.4.1. Window Detector In Single-Ended Mode .................................................. 70
6.5. ADC0 Analog Multiplexer .................................................................................. 72
7. Temperature Sensor ................................................................................................ 74
8. Voltage Reference.................................................................................................... 75
9. Comparators............................................................................................................. 77
9.1. Comparator Multiplexer ..................................................................................... 85
10. Voltage Regulator (REG0) ..................................................................................... 89
11. CIP-51 Microcontroller........................................................................................... 91
11.1. Performance .................................................................................................... 91
11.2. Instruction Set.................................................................................................. 93
11.2.1. Instruction and CPU Timing .................................................................... 93
11.3. CIP-51 Register Descriptions .......................................................................... 97
11.4. Serial Number Special Function Registers (SFRs) ....................................... 101
12. Memory Organization .......................................................................................... 102
12.1. Program Memory........................................................................................... 102
12.1.1. MOVX Instruction and Program Memory .............................................. 104
12.2. Data Memory ................................................................................................. 104
12.2.1. Internal RAM ......................................................................................... 105
12.2.1.1. General Purpose Registers .......................................................... 105
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3
C8051F58x/F59x
12.2.1.2. Bit Addressable Locations ............................................................ 105
12.2.1.3. Stack .......................................................................................... 105
13. Special Function Registers................................................................................. 106
13.1. SFR Paging ................................................................................................... 106
13.2. Interrupts and SFR Paging ............................................................................ 106
13.3. SFR Page Stack Example ............................................................................. 107
14. Interrupts .............................................................................................................. 126
14.1. MCU Interrupt Sources and Vectors.............................................................. 126
14.1.1. Interrupt Priorities.................................................................................. 127
14.1.2. Interrupt Latency ................................................................................... 127
14.2. Interrupt Register Descriptions ...................................................................... 129
14.3. External Interrupts INT0 and INT1................................................................. 136
15. Flash Memory....................................................................................................... 138
15.1. Programming The Flash Memory .................................................................. 138
15.1.1. Flash Lock and Key Functions .............................................................. 138
15.1.2. Flash Erase Procedure ......................................................................... 138
15.1.3. Flash Write Procedure .......................................................................... 139
15.1.4. Flash Write Optimization ....................................................................... 139
15.2. Non-volatile Data Storage ............................................................................. 140
15.3. Security Options ............................................................................................ 140
15.4. Flash Write and Erase Guidelines ................................................................. 142
15.4.1. VDD Maintenance and the VDD monitor ................................................ 142
15.4.2. PSWE Maintenance .............................................................................. 142
15.4.3. System Clock ........................................................................................ 143
16. Power Management Modes................................................................................. 147
16.1. Idle Mode....................................................................................................... 147
16.2. Stop Mode ..................................................................................................... 148
16.3. Suspend Mode .............................................................................................. 148
17. Reset Sources ...................................................................................................... 150
17.1. Power-On Reset ............................................................................................ 151
17.2. Power-Fail Reset/VDD Monitor ..................................................................... 152
17.3. External Reset ............................................................................................... 153
17.4. Missing Clock Detector Reset ....................................................................... 153
17.5. Comparator0 Reset ....................................................................................... 154
17.6. PCA Watchdog Timer Reset ......................................................................... 154
17.7. Flash Error Reset .......................................................................................... 154
17.8. Software Reset .............................................................................................. 154
18. External Data Memory Interface and On-Chip XRAM ....................................... 156
18.1. Accessing XRAM........................................................................................... 156
18.1.1. 16-Bit MOVX Example .......................................................................... 156
18.1.2. 8-Bit MOVX Example ............................................................................ 156
18.2. Configuring the External Memory Interface ................................................... 157
18.3. Port Configuration.......................................................................................... 157
18.4. Multiplexed and Non-multiplexed Selection................................................... 162
18.4.1. Multiplexed Configuration...................................................................... 162
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Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
18.4.2. Non-multiplexed Configuration.............................................................. 163
18.5. Memory Mode Selection................................................................................ 164
18.5.1. Internal XRAM Only .............................................................................. 164
18.5.2. Split Mode without Bank Select............................................................. 164
18.5.3. Split Mode with Bank Select.................................................................. 165
18.5.4. External Only......................................................................................... 165
18.6. Timing .......................................................................................................... 165
18.6.1. Non-Multiplexed Mode .......................................................................... 167
18.6.1.1. 16-bit MOVX: EMI0CF[4:2] = 101, 110, or 111............................. 167
18.6.1.2. 8-bit MOVX without Bank Select: EMI0CF[4:2] = 101 or 111 ....... 168
18.6.1.3. 8-bit MOVX with Bank Select: EMI0CF[4:2] = 110 ....................... 169
18.6.2. Multiplexed Mode .................................................................................. 170
18.6.2.1. 16-bit MOVX: EMI0CF[4:2] = 001, 010, or 011............................. 170
18.6.2.2. 8-bit MOVX without Bank Select: EMI0CF[4:2] = 001 or 011 ....... 171
18.6.2.3. 8-bit MOVX with Bank Select: EMI0CF[4:2] = 010 ....................... 172
19. Oscillators and Clock Selection ......................................................................... 174
19.1. System Clock Selection................................................................................. 174
19.2. Programmable Internal Oscillator .................................................................. 176
19.2.1. Internal Oscillator Suspend Mode ......................................................... 176
19.3. Clock Multiplier .............................................................................................. 179
19.4. External Oscillator Drive Circuit..................................................................... 181
19.4.1. External Crystal Example...................................................................... 183
19.4.2. External RC Example............................................................................ 184
19.4.3. External Capacitor Example.................................................................. 184
20. Port Input/Output ................................................................................................. 186
20.1. Port I/O Modes of Operation.......................................................................... 188
20.1.1. Port Pins Configured for Analog I/O...................................................... 188
20.1.2. Port Pins Configured For Digital I/O...................................................... 188
20.1.3. Interfacing Port I/O in a Multi-Voltage System ...................................... 189
20.2. Assigning Port I/O Pins to Analog and Digital Functions............................... 189
20.2.1. Assigning Port I/O Pins to Analog Functions ........................................ 189
20.2.2. Assigning Port I/O Pins to Digital Functions.......................................... 189
20.2.3. Assigning Port I/O Pins to External Digital Event Capture Functions ... 190
20.3. Priority Crossbar Decoder ............................................................................. 190
20.4. Port I/O Initialization ...................................................................................... 193
20.5. Port Match ..................................................................................................... 198
20.6. Special Function Registers for Accessing and Configuring Port I/O ............. 202
21. Local Interconnect Network (LIN0)..................................................................... 212
21.1. Software Interface with the LIN Controller..................................................... 213
21.2. LIN Interface Setup and Operation................................................................ 213
21.2.1. Mode Definition ..................................................................................... 213
21.2.2. Baud Rate Options: Manual or Autobaud ............................................. 213
21.2.3. Baud Rate Calculations: Manual Mode................................................. 213
21.2.4. Baud Rate Calculations—Automatic Mode ........................................... 215
21.3. LIN Master Mode Operation .......................................................................... 216
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C8051F58x/F59x
21.4. LIN Slave Mode Operation ............................................................................ 217
21.5. Sleep Mode and Wake-Up ............................................................................ 218
21.6. Error Detection and Handling ........................................................................ 218
21.7. LIN Registers................................................................................................. 219
21.7.1. LIN Direct Access SFR Registers Definitions ....................................... 219
21.7.2. LIN Indirect Access SFR Registers Definitions ..................................... 221
22. Controller Area Network (CAN0) ........................................................................ 229
22.1. Bosch CAN Controller Operation................................................................... 230
22.1.1. CAN Controller Timing .......................................................................... 230
22.1.2. CAN Register Access............................................................................ 231
22.1.3. Example Timing Calculation for 1 Mbit/Sec Communication ................ 231
22.2. CAN Registers............................................................................................... 233
22.2.1. CAN Controller Protocol Registers........................................................ 233
22.2.2. Message Object Interface Registers ..................................................... 233
22.2.3. Message Handler Registers.................................................................. 233
22.2.4. CAN Register Assignment .................................................................... 234
23. SMBus................................................................................................................... 237
23.1. Supporting Documents .................................................................................. 238
23.2. SMBus Configuration..................................................................................... 238
23.3. SMBus Operation .......................................................................................... 238
23.3.1. Transmitter Vs. Receiver....................................................................... 239
23.3.2. Arbitration.............................................................................................. 239
23.3.3. Clock Low Extension............................................................................. 239
23.3.4. SCL Low Timeout.................................................................................. 239
23.3.5. SCL High (SMBus Free) Timeout ......................................................... 240
23.4. Using the SMBus........................................................................................... 240
23.4.1. SMBus Configuration Register.............................................................. 240
23.4.2. SMB0CN Control Register .................................................................... 244
23.4.3. Data Register ........................................................................................ 247
23.5. SMBus Transfer Modes................................................................................. 247
23.5.1. Write Sequence (Master) ...................................................................... 248
23.5.2. Read Sequence (Master) ...................................................................... 249
23.5.3. Write Sequence (Slave) ........................................................................ 250
23.5.4. Read Sequence (Slave) ........................................................................ 251
23.6. SMBus Status Decoding................................................................................ 251
24. UART0 ................................................................................................................... 254
24.1. Baud Rate Generator .................................................................................... 254
24.2. Data Format................................................................................................... 256
24.3. Configuration and Operation ......................................................................... 257
24.3.1. Data Transmission ................................................................................ 257
24.3.2. Data Reception ..................................................................................... 257
24.3.3. Multiprocessor Communications ........................................................... 258
25. UART1 ................................................................................................................... 263
25.1. Enhanced Baud Rate Generation.................................................................. 264
25.2. Operational Modes ........................................................................................ 265
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Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
25.2.1. 8-Bit UART ............................................................................................ 265
25.2.2. 9-Bit UART ............................................................................................ 265
25.3. Multiprocessor Communications ................................................................... 266
26. Enhanced Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI0) ..................................................... 270
26.1. Signal Descriptions........................................................................................ 271
26.1.1. Master Out, Slave In (MOSI)................................................................. 271
26.1.2. Master In, Slave Out (MISO)................................................................. 271
26.1.3. Serial Clock (SCK) ................................................................................ 271
26.1.4. Slave Select (NSS) ............................................................................... 271
26.2. SPI0 Master Mode Operation ........................................................................ 272
26.3. SPI0 Slave Mode Operation .......................................................................... 274
26.4. SPI0 Interrupt Sources .................................................................................. 274
26.5. Serial Clock Phase and Polarity .................................................................... 275
26.6. SPI Special Function Registers ..................................................................... 276
27. Timers ................................................................................................................... 283
27.1. Timer 0 and Timer 1 ...................................................................................... 285
27.1.1. Mode 0: 13-bit Counter/Timer ............................................................... 285
27.1.2. Mode 1: 16-bit Counter/Timer ............................................................... 286
27.1.3. Mode 2: 8-bit Counter/Timer with Auto-Reload..................................... 286
27.1.4. Mode 3: Two 8-bit Counter/Timers (Timer 0 Only)................................ 287
27.2. Timer 2 .......................................................................................................... 293
27.2.1. 16-bit Timer with Auto-Reload............................................................... 293
27.2.2. 8-bit Timers with Auto-Reload............................................................... 293
27.2.3. External Oscillator Capture Mode ......................................................... 294
27.3. Timer 3 .......................................................................................................... 299
27.3.1. 16-bit Timer with Auto-Reload............................................................... 299
27.3.2. 8-bit Timers with Auto-Reload............................................................... 299
27.3.3. External Oscillator Capture Mode ......................................................... 300
27.4. Timer 4 and Timer 5 ...................................................................................... 305
27.4.1. Configuring Timer 4 and 5 to Count Down............................................ 305
27.4.2. Capture Mode ....................................................................................... 305
27.4.3. Auto-Reload Mode ................................................................................ 306
27.4.4. Toggle Output Mode ............................................................................. 307
28. Programmable Counter Array 0 (PCA0)............................................................. 312
28.1. PCA0 Counter/Timer ..................................................................................... 313
28.2. PCA0 Interrupt Sources................................................................................. 314
28.3. Capture/Compare Modules ........................................................................... 315
28.3.1. Edge-triggered Capture Mode............................................................... 315
28.3.2. Software Timer (Compare) Mode.......................................................... 316
28.3.3. High-Speed Output Mode ..................................................................... 317
28.3.4. Frequency Output Mode ....................................................................... 318
28.3.5. 8-bit, 9-bit, 10-bit and 11-bit Pulse Width Modulator Modes ................. 319
28.3.5.1. 8-bit Pulse Width Modulator Mode................................................ 319
28.3.5.2. 9/10/11-bit Pulse Width Modulator Mode...................................... 320
28.3.6. 16-Bit Pulse Width Modulator Mode...................................................... 321
Rev. 1.2
7
C8051F58x/F59x
28.4. Watchdog Timer Mode .................................................................................. 322
28.4.1. Watchdog Timer Operation ................................................................... 322
28.4.2. Watchdog Timer Usage ........................................................................ 323
28.5. Register Descriptions for PCA0..................................................................... 325
29. Programmable Counter Array 1 (PCA1)............................................................. 331
29.1. PCA1 Counter/Timer ..................................................................................... 332
29.2. PCA1 Interrupt Sources................................................................................. 333
29.3. Capture/Compare Modules ........................................................................... 334
29.3.1. Edge-triggered Capture Mode............................................................... 335
29.3.2. Software Timer (Compare) Mode.......................................................... 336
29.3.3. High-Speed Output Mode ..................................................................... 337
29.3.4. Frequency Output Mode ....................................................................... 338
29.3.5. 8-bit, 9-bit, 10-bit and 11-bit Pulse Width Modulator Modes ................. 339
29.3.5.1. 8-bit Pulse Width Modulator Mode................................................ 339
29.3.5.2. 9/10/11-bit Pulse Width Modulator Mode...................................... 341
29.3.6. 16-Bit Pulse Width Modulator Mode...................................................... 342
29.4. Register Descriptions for PCA1..................................................................... 343
30. C2 Interface .......................................................................................................... 349
30.1. C2 Interface Registers................................................................................... 349
30.2. C2 Pin Sharing .............................................................................................. 353
Document Change List ............................................................................................. 354
Contact Information .................................................................................................. 356
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Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
List of Figures
Figure 1.1. C8051F580/1/4/5 Block Diagram .......................................................... 19
Figure 1.2. C8051F588/9-F590/1 Block Diagram .................................................... 20
Figure 1.3. C8051F582/3/6/7 Block Diagram .......................................................... 21
Figure 3.1. QFP-48 Pinout Diagram (Top View) ...................................................... 27
Figure 3.2. QFN-48 Pinout Diagram (Top View) ..................................................... 28
Figure 3.3. QFN-40 Pinout Diagram (Top View) ..................................................... 29
Figure 3.4. QFP-32 Pinout Diagram (Top View) ...................................................... 30
Figure 3.5. QFN-32 Pinout Diagram (Top View) ..................................................... 31
Figure 4.1. QFP-48 Package Drawing ..................................................................... 32
Figure 4.2. QFP-48 Landing Diagram ..................................................................... 33
Figure 4.3. QFN-48 Package Drawing .................................................................... 34
Figure 4.4. QFN-48 Landing Diagram ..................................................................... 35
Figure 4.5. Typical QFN-40 Package Drawing ........................................................ 36
Figure 4.6. QFN-40 Landing Diagram ..................................................................... 37
Figure 4.7. QFP-32 Package Drawing ..................................................................... 38
Figure 4.8. QFP-32 Package Drawing ..................................................................... 39
Figure 4.9. QFN-32 Package Drawing .................................................................... 40
Figure 4.10. QFN-32 Package Drawing .................................................................. 41
Figure 5.1. Maximum System Clock Frequency vs. VDD Voltage .......................... 46
Figure 6.1. ADC0 Functional Block Diagram ........................................................... 54
Figure 6.2. ADC0 Tracking Modes .......................................................................... 56
Figure 6.3. 12-Bit ADC Tracking Mode Example ..................................................... 57
Figure 6.4. 12-Bit ADC Burst Mode Example With Repeat Count Set to 4 ............. 58
Figure 6.5. ADC0 Equivalent Input Circuit ............................................................... 60
Figure 6.6. ADC Window Compare Example: Right-Justified Data ......................... 71
Figure 6.7. ADC Window Compare Example: Left-Justified Data ........................... 71
Figure 6.8. ADC0 Multiplexer Block Diagram .......................................................... 72
Figure 7.1. Temperature Sensor Transfer Function ................................................ 74
Figure 8.1. Voltage Reference Functional Block Diagram ....................................... 75
Figure 9.1. Comparator Functional Block Diagram ................................................. 77
Figure 9.2. Comparator Hysteresis Plot .................................................................. 78
Figure 9.3. Comparator Input Multiplexer Block Diagram ........................................ 85
Figure 10.1. External Capacitors for Voltage Regulator Input/Output—
Regulator Enabled ............................................................................... 89
Figure 10.2. External Capacitors for Voltage Regulator
Input/Output—Regulator Disabled ...................................................... 90
Figure 11.1. CIP-51 Block Diagram ......................................................................... 92
Figure 12.1. C8051F58x/F59x Memory Map ......................................................... 102
Figure 12.2. Flash Program Memory Map ............................................................. 103
Figure 12.3. Address Memory Map for Instruction Fetches ................................... 103
Figure 13.1. SFR Page Stack ................................................................................ 107
Figure 13.2. SFR Page Stack While Using SFR Page 0x0 To Access SPI0DAT . 108
Figure 13.3. SFR Page Stack After CAN0 Interrupt Occurs .................................. 109
Rev. 1.2
9
C8051F58x/F59x
Figure 13.4. SFR Page Stack Upon PCA Interrupt Occurring During a CAN0 ISR 110
Figure 13.5. SFR Page Stack Upon Return From PCA Interrupt .......................... 111
Figure 13.6. SFR Page Stack Upon Return From CAN0 Interrupt ........................ 112
Figure 15.1. Flash Program Memory Map ............................................................. 140
Figure 17.1. Reset Sources ................................................................................... 150
Figure 17.2. Power-On and VDD Monitor Reset Timing ....................................... 151
Figure 19.1. Oscillator Options .............................................................................. 174
Figure 19.2. Example Clock Multiplier Output ....................................................... 179
Figure 19.3. External 32.768 kHz Quartz Crystal Oscillator Connection Diagram 184
Figure 20.1. Port I/O Functional Block Diagram .................................................... 187
Figure 20.2. Port I/O Cell Block Diagram .............................................................. 188
Figure 20.3. Peripheral Availability on Port I/O Pins .............................................. 191
Figure 20.4. Crossbar Priority Decoder in Example Configuration ........................ 192
Figure 21.1. LIN Block Diagram ............................................................................ 212
Figure 22.1. Typical CAN Bus Configuration ......................................................... 229
Figure 22.2. CAN Controller Diagram .................................................................... 230
Figure 22.3. Four segments of a CAN Bit .............................................................. 232
Figure 23.1. SMBus Block Diagram ...................................................................... 237
Figure 23.2. Typical SMBus Configuration ............................................................ 238
Figure 23.3. SMBus Transaction ........................................................................... 239
Figure 23.4. Typical SMBus SCL Generation ........................................................ 241
Figure 23.5. Typical Master Write Sequence ........................................................ 248
Figure 23.6. Typical Master Read Sequence ........................................................ 249
Figure 23.7. Typical Slave Write Sequence .......................................................... 250
Figure 23.8. Typical Slave Read Sequence .......................................................... 251
Figure 24.1. UART0 Block Diagram ...................................................................... 254
Figure 24.2. UART0 Timing Without Parity or Extra Bit ......................................... 256
Figure 24.3. UART0 Timing With Parity ................................................................ 256
Figure 24.4. UART0 Timing With Extra Bit ............................................................ 256
Figure 24.5. Typical UART Interconnect Diagram ................................................. 257
Figure 24.6. UART Multi-Processor Mode Interconnect Diagram ......................... 258
Figure 26.1. SPI Block Diagram ............................................................................ 270
Figure 26.2. Multiple-Master Mode Connection Diagram ...................................... 273
Figure 26.3. 3-Wire Single Master and 3-Wire Single Slave Mode 
Connection Diagram .......................................................................... 273
Figure 26.4. 4-Wire Single Master Mode and 4-Wire Slave Mode 
Connection Diagram ......................................................................... 273
Figure 26.5. Master Mode Data/Clock Timing ....................................................... 275
Figure 26.6. Slave Mode Data/Clock Timing (CKPHA = 0) ................................... 276
Figure 26.7. Slave Mode Data/Clock Timing (CKPHA = 1) ................................... 276
Figure 26.8. SPI Master Timing (CKPHA = 0) ....................................................... 280
Figure 26.9. SPI Master Timing (CKPHA = 1) ....................................................... 280
Figure 26.10. SPI Slave Timing (CKPHA = 0) ....................................................... 281
Figure 26.11. SPI Slave Timing (CKPHA = 1) ....................................................... 281
Figure 27.1. T0 Mode 0 Block Diagram ................................................................. 286
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Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
Figure 27.2. T0 Mode 2 Block Diagram ................................................................. 287
Figure 27.3. T0 Mode 3 Block Diagram ................................................................. 288
Figure 27.4. Timer 2 16-Bit Mode Block Diagram ................................................. 293
Figure 27.5. Timer 2 8-Bit Mode Block Diagram ................................................... 294
Figure 27.6. Timer 2 External Oscillator Capture Mode Block Diagram ................ 295
Figure 27.7. Timer 3 16-Bit Mode Block Diagram ................................................. 299
Figure 27.8. Timer 3 8-Bit Mode Block Diagram ................................................... 300
Figure 27.9. Timer 3 External Oscillator Capture Mode Block Diagram ................ 301
Figure 27.10. Timer 4 and 5 Capture Mode Block Diagram .................................. 306
Figure 27.11. Timer 4 and 5 Auto Reload and Toggle Mode Block Diagram ........ 307
Figure 28.1. PCA0 Block Diagram ......................................................................... 312
Figure 28.2. PCA0 Counter/Timer Block Diagram ................................................. 313
Figure 28.3. PCA0 Interrupt Block Diagram .......................................................... 314
Figure 28.4. PCA0 Capture Mode Diagram ........................................................... 316
Figure 28.5. PCA0 Software Timer Mode Diagram ............................................... 317
Figure 28.6. PCA0 High-Speed Output Mode Diagram ......................................... 318
Figure 28.7. PCA0 Frequency Output Mode ......................................................... 319
Figure 28.8. PCA0 8-Bit PWM Mode Diagram ...................................................... 320
Figure 28.9. PCA0 9, 10 and 11-Bit PWM Mode Diagram .................................... 321
Figure 28.10. PCA0 16-Bit PWM Mode ................................................................. 322
Figure 28.11. PCA0 Module 5 with Watchdog Timer Enabled .............................. 323
Figure 29.1. PCA1 Block Diagram ......................................................................... 331
Figure 29.2. PCA1 Counter/Timer Block Diagram ................................................. 332
Figure 29.3. PCA1 Interrupt Block Diagram .......................................................... 333
Figure 29.4. PCA1 Capture Mode Diagram ........................................................... 335
Figure 29.5. PCA1 Software Timer Mode Diagram ............................................... 336
Figure 29.6. PCA1 High-Speed Output Mode Diagram ......................................... 337
Figure 29.7. PCA1 Frequency Output Mode ......................................................... 338
Figure 29.8. PCA1 8-Bit PWM Mode Diagram ...................................................... 340
Figure 29.9. PCA1 9, 10 and 11-Bit PWM Mode Diagram .................................... 341
Figure 29.10. PCA1 16-Bit PWM Mode ................................................................. 342
Figure 30.1. Typical C2 Pin Sharing ...................................................................... 353
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11
C8051F58x/F59x
List of Tables
Table 2.1. Product Selection Guide ......................................................................... 23
Table 3.1. Pin Definitions for the C8051F58x/F59x ................................................. 24
Table 4.1. QFP-48 Package Dimensions ................................................................ 32
Table 4.2. QFP-48 Landing Diagram Dimensions ................................................... 33
Table 4.3. QFN-48 Package Dimensions ................................................................ 34
Table 4.4. QFN-48 Landing Diagram Dimensions ................................................... 35
Table 4.5. QFN-40 Package Dimensions ................................................................ 36
Table 4.6. QFN-40 Landing Diagram Dimensions ................................................... 37
Table 4.7. QFP-32 Package Dimensions ................................................................ 38
Table 4.8. QFP-32 Landing Diagram Dimensions ................................................... 39
Table 4.9. QFN-32 Package Dimensions ................................................................ 40
Table 4.10. QFN-32 Landing Diagram Dimensions ................................................. 41
Table 5.1. Absolute Maximum Ratings .................................................................... 42
Table 5.2. Global Electrical Characteristics ............................................................. 43
Table 5.3. Port I/O DC Electrical Characteristics ..................................................... 47
Table 5.4. Reset Electrical Characteristics .............................................................. 48
Table 5.5. Flash Electrical Characteristics .............................................................. 48
Table 5.6. Internal High-Frequency Oscillator Electrical Characteristics ................. 49
Table 5.7. Clock Multiplier Electrical Specifications ................................................ 50
Table 5.8. Voltage Regulator Electrical Characteristics .......................................... 50
Table 5.9. ADC0 Electrical Characteristics .............................................................. 51
Table 5.10. Temperature Sensor Electrical Characteristics .................................... 52
Table 5.11. Voltage Reference Electrical Characteristics ....................................... 52
Table 5.12. Comparator 0, 1 and 2 Electrical Characteristics ................................. 53
Table 11.1. CIP-51 Instruction Set Summary (Prefetch-Enabled) ........................... 94
Table 13.1. Special Function Register (SFR) Memory Map for 
Pages 0x00, 0x10, and 0x0F .............................................................. 117
Table 13.2. Special Function Register (SFR) Memory Map for Page 0x0C .......... 119
Table 13.3. Special Function Registers ................................................................. 120
Table 14.1. Interrupt Summary .............................................................................. 128
Table 15.1. Flash Security Summary .................................................................... 141
Table 18.1. EMIF Pinout (C8051F580/1/4/5) ......................................................... 158
Table 18.2. EMIF Pinout (C8051F588/9-F590/1) .................................................. 159
Table 18.3. AC Parameters for External Memory Interface ................................... 173
Table 20.1. Port I/O Assignment for Analog Functions ......................................... 189
Table 20.2. Port I/O Assignment for Digital Functions ........................................... 189
Table 20.3. Port I/O Assignment for External Digital Event Capture Functions .... 190
Table 21.1. Baud Rate Calculation Variable Ranges ............................................ 213
Table 21.2. Manual Baud Rate Parameters Examples ......................................... 215
Table 21.3. Autobaud Parameters Examples ........................................................ 216
Table 21.4. LIN Registers* (Indirectly Addressable) .............................................. 221
Table 22.1. Background System Information ........................................................ 231
Table 22.2. Standard CAN Registers and Reset Values ....................................... 234
12
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
Table 23.1. SMBus Clock Source Selection .......................................................... 241
Table 23.2. Minimum SDA Setup and Hold Times ................................................ 242
Table 23.3. Sources for Hardware Changes to SMB0CN ..................................... 246
Table 23.4. SMBus Status Decoding ..................................................................... 252
Table 24.1. Baud Rate Generator Settings for Standard Baud Rates ................... 255
Table 25.1. Timer Settings for Standard Baud Rates 
Using The Internal 24 MHz Oscillator ................................................. 269
Table 26.1. SPI Slave Timing Parameters ............................................................ 282
Table 28.1. PCA0 Timebase Input Options ........................................................... 313
Table 28.2. PCA0CPM and PCA0PWM Bit Settings for 
PCA0 Capture/Compare Modules ...................................................... 315
Table 28.3. Watchdog Timer Timeout Intervals1 ................................................... 324
Table 29.1. PCA1 Timebase Input Options ........................................................... 332
Table 29.2. PCA1CPM and PCA1PWM Bit Settings for 
PCA1 Capture/Compare Modules ...................................................... 334
Rev. 1.2
13
C8051F58x/F59x
List of Registers
SFR Definition 6.4. ADC0CF: ADC0 Configuration ...................................................... 65
SFR Definition 6.5. ADC0H: ADC0 Data Word MSB .................................................... 66
SFR Definition 6.6. ADC0L: ADC0 Data Word LSB ...................................................... 66
SFR Definition 6.7. ADC0CN: ADC0 Control ................................................................ 67
SFR Definition 6.8. ADC0TK: ADC0 Tracking Mode Select ......................................... 68
SFR Definition 6.9. ADC0GTH: ADC0 Greater-Than Data High Byte .......................... 69
SFR Definition 6.10. ADC0GTL: ADC0 Greater-Than Data Low Byte .......................... 69
SFR Definition 6.11. ADC0LTH: ADC0 Less-Than Data High Byte .............................. 70
SFR Definition 6.12. ADC0LTL: ADC0 Less-Than Data Low Byte ............................... 70
SFR Definition 6.13. ADC0MX: ADC0 Channel Select ................................................. 73
SFR Definition 8.1. REF0CN: Reference Control ......................................................... 76
SFR Definition 9.1. CPT0CN: Comparator0 Control ..................................................... 79
SFR Definition 9.2. CPT0MD: Comparator0 Mode Selection ....................................... 80
SFR Definition 9.3. CPT1CN: Comparator1 Control ..................................................... 81
SFR Definition 9.4. CPT1MD: Comparator1 Mode Selection ....................................... 82
SFR Definition 9.5. CPT2CN: Comparator2 Control ..................................................... 83
SFR Definition 9.6. CPT2MD: Comparator2 Mode Selection ....................................... 84
SFR Definition 9.7. CPT0MX: Comparator0 MUX Selection ........................................ 86
SFR Definition 9.8. CPT1MX: Comparator1 MUX Selection ........................................ 87
SFR Definition 9.9. CPT2MX: Comparator2 MUX Selection ........................................ 88
SFR Definition 10.1. REG0CN: Regulator Control ........................................................ 90
SFR Definition 11.1. DPL: Data Pointer Low Byte ........................................................ 98
SFR Definition 11.2. DPH: Data Pointer High Byte ....................................................... 98
SFR Definition 11.3. SP: Stack Pointer ......................................................................... 99
SFR Definition 11.4. ACC: Accumulator ....................................................................... 99
SFR Definition 11.5. B: B Register ................................................................................ 99
SFR Definition 11.6. PSW: Program Status Word ...................................................... 100
SFR Definition 11.7. SNn: Serial Number n ................................................................ 101
SFR Definition 12.1. PSBANK: Program Space Bank Select ..................................... 104
SFR Definition 13.1. SFR0CN: SFR Page Control ..................................................... 113
SFR Definition 13.2. SFRPAGE: SFR Page ............................................................... 114
SFR Definition 13.3. SFRNEXT: SFR Next ................................................................ 115
SFR Definition 13.4. SFRLAST: SFR Last .................................................................. 116
SFR Definition 14.1. IE: Interrupt Enable .................................................................... 130
SFR Definition 14.2. IP: Interrupt Priority .................................................................... 131
SFR Definition 14.3. EIE1: Extended Interrupt Enable 1 ............................................ 132
SFR Definition 14.4. EIP1: Extended Interrupt Priority 1 ............................................ 133
SFR Definition 14.5. EIE2: Extended Interrupt Enable 2 ............................................ 134
SFR Definition 14.6. EIP2: Extended Interrupt Priority Enabled 2 .............................. 135
SFR Definition 14.7. IT01CF: INT0/INT1 Configuration .............................................. 137
SFR Definition 15.1. PSCTL: Program Store R/W Control ......................................... 143
SFR Definition 15.2. FLKEY: Flash Lock and Key ...................................................... 144
SFR Definition 15.3. FLSCL: Flash Scale ................................................................... 145
14
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 15.4. CCH0CN: Cache Control ........................................................... 146
SFR Definition 15.5. ONESHOT: Flash Oneshot Period ............................................ 146
SFR Definition 16.1. PCON: Power Control ................................................................ 149
SFR Definition 17.1. VDM0CN: VDD Monitor Control ................................................ 153
SFR Definition 17.2. RSTSRC: Reset Source ............................................................ 155
SFR Definition 18.1. EMI0CN: External Memory Interface Control ............................ 160
SFR Definition 18.2. EMI0CF: External Memory Configuration .................................. 161
SFR Definition 18.3. EMI0TC: External Memory Timing Control ................................ 166
SFR Definition 19.1. CLKSEL: Clock Select ............................................................... 175
SFR Definition 19.2. OSCICN: Internal Oscillator Control .......................................... 177
SFR Definition 19.3. OSCICRS: Internal Oscillator Coarse Calibration ...................... 178
SFR Definition 19.4. OSCIFIN: Internal Oscillator Fine Calibration ............................ 178
SFR Definition 19.5. CLKMUL: Clock Multiplier .......................................................... 180
SFR Definition 19.6. OSCXCN: External Oscillator Control ........................................ 182
SFR Definition 20.1. XBR0: Port I/O Crossbar Register 0 .......................................... 194
SFR Definition 20.2. XBR1: Port I/O Crossbar Register 1 .......................................... 195
SFR Definition 20.3. XBR2: Port I/O Crossbar Register 2 .......................................... 196
SFR Definition 20.4. XBR3: Port I/O Crossbar Register 3 .......................................... 197
SFR Definition 20.5. P0MASK: Port 0 Mask Register ................................................. 198
SFR Definition 20.6. P0MAT: Port 0 Match Register .................................................. 198
SFR Definition 20.7. P1MASK: Port 1 Mask Register ................................................. 199
SFR Definition 20.8. P1MAT: Port 1 Match Register .................................................. 199
SFR Definition 20.9. P2MASK: Port 2 Mask Register ................................................. 200
SFR Definition 20.10. P2MAT: Port 2 Match Register ................................................ 200
SFR Definition 20.11. P3MASK: Port 3 Mask Register ............................................... 201
SFR Definition 20.12. P3MAT: Port 3 Match Register ................................................ 201
SFR Definition 20.13. P0: Port 0 ................................................................................. 202
SFR Definition 20.14. P0MDIN: Port 0 Input Mode ..................................................... 203
SFR Definition 20.15. P0MDOUT: Port 0 Output Mode .............................................. 203
SFR Definition 20.16. P0SKIP: Port 0 Skip ................................................................. 204
SFR Definition 20.17. P1: Port 1 ................................................................................. 204
SFR Definition 20.18. P1MDIN: Port 1 Input Mode ..................................................... 205
SFR Definition 20.19. P1MDOUT: Port 1 Output Mode .............................................. 205
SFR Definition 20.20. P1SKIP: Port 1 Skip ................................................................. 206
SFR Definition 20.21. P2: Port 2 ................................................................................. 206
SFR Definition 20.22. P2MDIN: Port 2 Input Mode ..................................................... 207
SFR Definition 20.23. P2MDOUT: Port 2 Output Mode .............................................. 207
SFR Definition 20.24. P2SKIP: Port 2 Skip ................................................................. 208
SFR Definition 20.25. P3: Port 3 ................................................................................. 208
SFR Definition 20.26. P3MDIN: Port 3 Input Mode ..................................................... 209
SFR Definition 20.27. P3MDOUT: Port 3 Output Mode .............................................. 209
SFR Definition 20.28. P3SKIP: Port 3Skip .................................................................. 210
SFR Definition 20.29. P4: Port 4 ................................................................................. 210
SFR Definition 20.30. P4MDOUT: Port 4 Output Mode .............................................. 211
SFR Definition 21.1. LIN0ADR: LIN0 Indirect Address Register ................................. 219
Rev. 1.2
15
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 21.2. LIN0DAT: LIN0 Indirect Data Register ....................................... 219
SFR Definition 21.3. LIN0CF: LIN0 Control Mode Register ........................................ 220
SFR Definition 22.1. CAN0CFG: CAN Clock Configuration ........................................ 236
SFR Definition 23.1. SMB0CF: SMBus Clock/Configuration ...................................... 243
SFR Definition 23.2. SMB0CN: SMBus Control .......................................................... 245
SFR Definition 23.3. SMB0DAT: SMBus Data ............................................................ 247
SFR Definition 24.1. SCON0: Serial Port 0 Control .................................................... 259
SFR Definition 24.2. SMOD0: Serial Port 0 Control .................................................... 260
SFR Definition 24.3. SBUF0: Serial (UART0) Port Data Buffer .................................. 261
SFR Definition 24.4. SBCON0: UART0 Baud Rate Generator Control ...................... 261
SFR Definition 24.6. SBRLL0: UART0 Baud Rate Generator Reload Low Byte ........ 262
SFR Definition 24.5. SBRLH0: UART0 Baud Rate Generator Reload High Byte ....... 262
SFR Definition 25.1. SCON1: Serial Port 1 Control .................................................... 267
SFR Definition 25.2. SBUF1: Serial (UART1) Port Data Buffer .................................. 268
SFR Definition 26.1. SPI0CFG: SPI0 Configuration ................................................... 277
SFR Definition 26.2. SPI0CN: SPI0 Control ............................................................... 278
SFR Definition 26.3. SPI0CKR: SPI0 Clock Rate ....................................................... 279
SFR Definition 26.4. SPI0DAT: SPI0 Data ................................................................. 279
SFR Definition 27.1. CKCON: Clock Control .............................................................. 284
SFR Definition 27.2. TCON: Timer Control ................................................................. 289
SFR Definition 27.3. TMOD: Timer Mode ................................................................... 290
SFR Definition 27.4. TL0: Timer 0 Low Byte ............................................................... 291
SFR Definition 27.5. TL1: Timer 1 Low Byte ............................................................... 291
SFR Definition 27.6. TH0: Timer 0 High Byte ............................................................. 292
SFR Definition 27.7. TH1: Timer 1 High Byte ............................................................. 292
SFR Definition 27.8. TMR2CN: Timer 2 Control ......................................................... 296
SFR Definition 27.9. TMR2RLL: Timer 2 Reload Register Low Byte .......................... 297
SFR Definition 27.10. TMR2RLH: Timer 2 Reload Register High Byte ...................... 297
SFR Definition 27.11. TMR2L: Timer 2 Low Byte ....................................................... 298
SFR Definition 27.12. TMR2H Timer 2 High Byte ....................................................... 298
SFR Definition 27.13. TMR3CN: Timer 3 Control ....................................................... 302
SFR Definition 27.14. TMR3RLL: Timer 3 Reload Register Low Byte ........................ 303
SFR Definition 27.15. TMR3RLH: Timer 3 Reload Register High Byte ...................... 303
SFR Definition 27.16. TMR3L: Timer 3 Low Byte ....................................................... 304
SFR Definition 27.17. TMR3H Timer 3 High Byte ....................................................... 304
SFR Definition 27.18. TMRnCN: Timer 4 and 5 Control ............................................. 308
SFR Definition 27.19. TMRnCF: Timer 4 and 5 Configuration .................................... 309
SFR Definition 27.20. TMRnCAPL: Timer 4 and 5 Capture Register Low Byte ......... 310
SFR Definition 27.21. TMRnCAPH: Timer 4 and 5 Capture Register High Byte ........ 310
SFR Definition 27.22. TMRnL: Timer 4 and 5 Low Byte ............................................. 311
SFR Definition 27.23. TMRnH Timer 4 and 5 High Byte ............................................. 311
SFR Definition 28.1. PCA0CN: PCA0 Control ............................................................ 325
SFR Definition 28.2. PCA0MD: PCA0 Mode .............................................................. 326
SFR Definition 28.3. PCA0PWM: PCA0 PWM Configuration ..................................... 327
SFR Definition 28.4. PCA0CPMn: PCA0 Capture/Compare Mode ............................ 328
16
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 28.5. PCA0L: PCA0 Counter/Timer Low Byte .................................... 329
SFR Definition 28.6. PCA0H: PCA0 Counter/Timer High Byte ................................... 329
SFR Definition 28.7. PCA0CPLn: PCA0 Capture Module Low Byte ........................... 330
SFR Definition 28.8. PCA0CPHn: PCA0 Capture Module High Byte ......................... 330
SFR Definition 29.1. PCA1CN: PCA1 Control ............................................................ 343
SFR Definition 29.2. PCA1MD: PCA1 Mode .............................................................. 344
SFR Definition 29.3. PCA1PWM: PCA1 PWM Configuration ..................................... 345
SFR Definition 29.4. PCA1CPMn: PCA1 Capture/Compare Mode ............................ 346
SFR Definition 29.5. PCA1L: PCA1 Counter/Timer Low Byte .................................... 347
SFR Definition 29.6. PCA1H: PCA1 Counter/Timer High Byte ................................... 347
SFR Definition 29.7. PCA1CPLn: PCA1 Capture Module Low Byte ........................... 348
SFR Definition 29.8. PCA1CPHn: PCA1 Capture Module High Byte ......................... 348
Rev. 1.2
17
C8051F58x/F59x
1. System Overview
C8051F58x/F59x devices are fully integrated mixed-signal System-on-a-Chip MCUs. Highlighted features
are listed below. Refer to Table 2.1 for specific product feature selection and part ordering numbers.


High-speed pipelined 8051-compatible microcontroller core (up to 50 MIPS)
In-system, full-speed, non-intrusive debug interface (on-chip)
Controller Area Network (CAN 2.0B) Controller with 32 message objects, each with its own indentifier
mask (C8051F580/2/4/6/8-F590)
LIN 2.1 peripheral (fully backwards compatible, master and slave modes) (C8051F580/2/4/6/8-F590)
True 12-bit 200 ksps 32-channel single-ended ADC with analog multiplexer
Precision programmable 24 MHz internal oscillator that is within ±0.5% across the temperature range
and for VDD voltages greater than or equal to the on-chip voltage regulator minimum output at the low
setting. The oscillator is within +1.0% for VDD voltages below this minimum output setting.
On-chip Clock Multiplier to reach up to 50 MHz
128 kB (C8051F580/1/2/3/8/9) or 96 kB (C8051F584/5/6/7-F590/1) of on-chip Flash memory
8448 bytes of on-chip RAM
SMBus/I2C, Two Enhanced UARTs, and Enhanced SPI serial interfaces implemented in hardware
Six general-purpose 16-bit timers
External Data Memory Interface (C8051F580/1/4/5) with 64 kB address space
Two Programmable Counter/Timer Array (PCA) modules with six capture/compare modules each and
one with a Watchdog Timer function
Three Voltage Comparators
On-chip Voltage Regulator
On-chip Power-On Reset, VDD Monitor, and Temperature Sensor

40, 33 or 25 Port I/O (5 V push-pull)














With an on-chip Voltage Regulator, Power-On Reset and VDD monitors, Watchdog Timer, and clock oscillator, the C8051F58x/F59x devices are truly stand-alone System-on-a-Chip solutions. The Flash memory
can be reprogrammed even in-circuit, providing non-volatile data storage, and also allowing field upgrades
of the 8051 firmware. User software has complete control of all peripherals, and may individually shut
down any or all peripherals for power savings.
The on-chip Silicon Labs 2-Wire (C2) Development Interface allows non-intrusive (uses no on-chip
resources), full speed, in-circuit debugging using the production MCU installed in the final application. This
debug logic supports inspection and modification of memory and registers, setting breakpoints, single
stepping, run and halt commands. All analog and digital peripherals are fully functional while debugging
using C2. The two C2 interface pins can be shared with user functions, allowing in-system debugging without occupying package pins.
The devices are specified for 1.8 V to 5.25 V operation over the automotive temperature range (–40 to
+125 °C). The Port I/O and RST pins can interface to 5 V logic by setting the VIO pin to 5 V. The
C8051F580/1/4/5 devices are available in 48-pin QFP and QFN packages, and the C8051F588/9-F590/1
devices are available in a 40-pin QFN package, and the C8051F582/3/6/7 devices are available in 32-pin
QFP and QFN packages. All package options are lead-free and RoHS compliant. See Table 2.1 for ordering information. Block diagrams are included in Figure 1.1 and Figure 1.3.
18
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
VIO
Power On
Reset
Reset
C2CK/RST
C2D
VREGIN
Port I/O Configuration
CIP-51 8051
Controller Core
Debug /
Programming
Hardware
Port 0
Drivers
P0.0
P0.1
P0.2
P0.3
P0.4
P0.5
P0.6
P0.7
Port 1
Drivers
P1.0
P1.1
P1.2
P1.3
P1.4
P1.5
P1.6
P1.7
Port 2
Drivers
P2.0
P2.1
P2.2
P2.3
P2.4
P2.5
P2.6
P2.7
Port 3
Drivers
P3.0
P3.1
P3.2
P3.3
P3.4
P3.5
P3.6
P3.7
Port 4
Drivers
P4.0
P4.1
P4.2
P4.3
P4.4
P4.5
P4.6
P4.7
Digital Peripherals
128 or 96 kB Flash
Program Memory
UART0
256 Byte RAM
Timers 0,
1,2,3,4,5
8 kB XRAM
2x6
channel
PCA/WDT
UART1
Priority
Crossbar
Decoder
LIN 2.1
Voltage Regulator
(LDO)
CAN 2.0B
SPI
VDD
I2C
GND
System Clock Setup
SFR
Bus
Crossbar Control
External Memory Interface
XTAL1 XTAL2
Internal Oscillator
*On F580/4 devices
Analog Peripherals
External Oscillator
Voltage
Reference
Clock Multiplier
VDD
VREF
VREF
A
M
U
X
12-bit
200ksps
ADC
CP0, CP0A
Comparator 0
VDD
VREF
P0 – P3
Temp
Sensor
GND
+
-
CP1, CP1A
Comparator 1
VDDA
CP2, CP2A
GNDA
Comparator 2
+
-
+
-
Figure 1.1. C8051F580/1/4/5 Block Diagram
Rev. 1.2
19
C8051F58x/F59x
VIO
Power On
Reset
Reset
C2CK/RST
Debug /
Programming
Hardware
C2D
VREGIN
Port I/O Configuration
CIP-51 8051
Controller Core
Port 1
Drivers
P1.0
P1.1
P1.2
P1.3
P1.4
P1.5
P1.6
P1.7
Port 2
Drivers
P2.0
P2.1
P2.2
P2.3
P2.4
P2.5
P2.6
P2.7
Port 3
Drivers
P3.0
P3.1
P3.2
P3.3
P3.4
P3.5
P3.6
P3.7
Digital Peripherals
128 or 96 kB Flash
Program Memory
UART0
256 Byte RAM
Timers 0,
1,2,3,4,5
8 kB XRAM
2x6
channel
PCA/WDT
UART1
Priority
Crossbar
Decoder
LIN 2.1
Voltage Regulator
(LDO)
CAN 2.0B
SPI
VDD
I2C
GND
System Clock Setup
Internal Oscillator
SFR
Bus
Crossbar Control
External Memory Interface
XTAL1 XTAL2
*On F588, F590 devices
External Oscillator
Analog Peripherals
Clock Multiplier
Voltage
Reference
VDD
VREF
VREF
VDD
A
M
U
X
12-bit
200ksps
ADC
CP0, CP0A
Comparator 0
VREF
P0 – P3
Temp
Sensor
GND
CP1, CP1A
Comparator 1
CP2, CP2A
GNDA
Comparator 2
Port 4
Driver
+
-
VDDA
+
-
+
-
Figure 1.2. C8051F588/9-F590/1 Block Diagram
20
Port 0
Drivers
P0.0
P0.1
P0.2
P0.3
P0.4
P0.5
P0.6
P0.7
Rev. 1.2
P4.0 / C2D
C8051F58x/F59x
VIO
Power On
Reset
Reset
C2CK/RST
Debug /
Programming
Hardware
C2D
VREGIN
Port I/O Configuration
CIP-51 8051
Controller Core
Port 0
Drivers
P0.0
P0.1
P0.2
P0.3
P0.4
P0.5
P0.6
P0.7
Port 1
Drivers
P1.0
P1.1
P1.2
P1.3
P1.4
P1.5
P1.6
P1.7
Port 2
Drivers
P2.0
P2.1
P2.2
P2.3
P2.4
P2.5
P2.6
P2.7
Digital Peripherals
128 or 96 kB Flash
Program Memory
UART0
256 Byte RAM
Timers 0,
1,2,3,4,5
8 kB XRAM
2x6
channel
PCA/WDT
UART1
Priority
Crossbar
Decoder
LIN 2.1
Voltage Regulator
(LDO)
CAN 2.0B
SPI
VDD
I2C
GND
System Clock Setup
Internal Oscillator
SFR
Bus
Crossbar Control
XTAL1 XTAL2
*On F582, F586 devices
External Oscillator
Analog Peripherals
Clock Multiplier
Voltage
Reference
VDD
Port 3
Drivers
VREF
P3.0 / C2D
VREF
VDD
A
M
U
X
12-bit
200ksps
ADC
CP0, CP0A
Comparator 0
VREF
P0–P2, P3.0
Temp
Sensor
GND
+
-
CP1, CP1A
VDDA
Comparator 1
CP2, CP2A
GNDA
Comparator 2
+
-
+
-
Figure 1.3. C8051F582/3/6/7 Block Diagram
Rev. 1.2
21
C8051F58x/F59x
2. Ordering Information
The following features are common to all devices in this family:

50 MHz system clock and 50 MIPS throughput (peak)
 8448 bytes of RAM (256 internal bytes and 8192 XRAM bytes








SMBus/I2C, Enhanced SPI, Two UARTs
Six Timers
12 Programmable Counter Array channels
12-bit, 200 ksps ADC
Internal 24 MHz oscillator
Internal Voltage Regulator
Internal Voltage Reference and Temperature Sensor
Three Analog Comparators

Table 2.1 shows the feature that differentiate the devices in this family.
22
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
Package
External Memory Interface
Digital Port I/Os
LIN2.1
CAN2.0B
Flash Memory (kB)
Ordering Part Number
Package
External Memory Interface
Digital Port I/Os
LIN2.1
CAN2.0B
Flash Memory (kB)
Ordering Part Number
Table 2.1. Product Selection Guide
C8051F580-IQ
128 

40 
QFP-48 C8051F585-IQ 96
— — 40 
QFP-48
C8051F580-IM
128 

40 
QFN-48 C8051F585-IM 96
— — 40 
QFN-48
C8051F581-IQ
128 — — 40 
QFP-48 C8051F586-IQ 96
 
25 — QFP-32
C8051F581-IM
128 — — 40 
QFN-48 C8051F586-IM 96
 
25 — QFN-32
C8051F582-IQ
128 

25 — QFP-32 C8051F587-IQ 96
— — 25 — QFP-32
C8051F582-IM
128 

25 — QFN-32 C8051F587-IM 96
— — 25 — QFN-32
C8051F583-IQ
128 — — 25 — QFP-32 C8051F588-IM 128  
33 
QFN-40
C8051F583-IM
128 — — 25 — QFN-32 C8051F589-IM 128 — — 33 
QFN-40
C8051F584-IQ
96
 
40 
QFP-48 C8051F590-IM 96
 
33 
QFN-40
C8051F584-IM
96
 
40 
QFN-48 C8051F591-IM 96
— — 33 
QFN-40
Note: The suffix of the part number indicates the device rating and the package. All devices are RoHS compliant.

All of these devices are also available in an automotive version. For the automotive version, the -I in the
ordering part number is replaced with -A. For example, the automotive version of the C8051F580-IM is the
C8051F580-AM.
The -AM and -AQ devices receive full automotive quality production status, including AEC-Q100 qualification, registration with International Material Data System (IMDS) and Part Production Approval Process
(PPAP) documentation. PPAP documentation is available at www.silabs.com with a registered and NDA
approved user account. The -AM and -AQ devices enable high volume automotive OEM applications with
their enhanced testing and processing. Please contact Silicon Labs sales for more information regarding 
–AM and -AQ devices for your automotive project.
Rev. 1.2
23
C8051F58x/F59x
3. Pin Definitions
Table 3.1. Pin Definitions for the C8051F58x/F59x
Name
Pin
F580/1/4/5
Pin
F582/3/6/7
(48-pin)
Pin
F588/9F590/1
(40-pin)
Type
Description
VDD
4
4
4
Digital Supply Voltage. Must be connected.
GND
6
6
6
Digital Ground. Must be connected.
VDDA
5
5
5
Analog Supply Voltage. Must be connected.
GNDA
7
7
7
Analog Ground. Must be connected.
VREGIN
3
3
3
Voltage Regulator Input
VIO
2
2
2
Port I/O Supply Voltage. Must be connected.
RST/
12
10
10
(32-pin)
C2CK
D I/O
Device Reset. Open-drain output of internal
POR or VDD Monitor. An external source
can initiate a system reset by driving this pin
low.
D I/O
Clock signal for the C2 Debug Interface.
Bi-directional data signal for the C2 Debug
Interface.
C2D
11
—
—
D I/O
P4.0/
—
9
—
D I/O or A In Port 4.0. See SFR Definition 20.29 for a
description.
C2D
P3.0/
D I/O
—
9
C2D
Bi-directional data signal for the C2 Debug
Interface.
D I/O or A In Port 3.0. See SFR Definition 20.25 for a
description.
D I/O
Bi-directional data signal for the C2 Debug
Interface.
P0.0
8
8
8
D I/O or A In Port 0.0. See SFR Definition 20.13 for a
description.
P0.1
1
1
1
D I/O or A In Port 0.1
P0.2
48
40
32
D I/O or A In Port 0.2
P0.3
47
39
31
D I/O or A In Port 0.3
P0.4
46
38
30
D I/O or A In Port 0.4
P0.5
45
37
29
D I/O or A In Port 0.5
24
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
Table 3.1. Pin Definitions for the C8051F58x/F59x (Continued)
Name
Pin
F580/1/4/5
Pin
F582/3/6/7
(48-pin)
Pin
F588/9F590/1
(40-pin)
Type
Description
P0.6
44
36
28
D I/O or A In Port 0.6
P0.7
43
35
27
D I/O or A In Port 0.7
P1.0
42
34
26
D I/O or A In Port 1.0. See SFR Definition 20.17 for a
description.
P1.1
41
33
25
D I/O or A In Port 1.1.
P1.2
40
32
24
D I/O or A In Port 1.2.
P1.3
39
31
23
D I/O or A In Port 1.3.
P1.4
38
30
22
D I/O or A In Port 1.4.
P1.5
37
29
21
D I/O or A In Port 1.5.
P1.6
36
28
20
D I/O or A In Port 1.6.
P1.7
35
27
19
D I/O or A In Port 1.7.
P2.0
34
26
18
D I/O or A In Port 2.0. See SFR Definition 20.21 for a
description.
P2.1
33
25
17
D I/O or A In Port 2.1.
P2.2
32
24
16
D I/O or A In Port 2.2.
P2.3
31
23
15
D I/O or A In Port 2.3.
P2.4
30
22
14
D I/O or A In Port 2.4.
P2.5
29
21
13
D I/O or A In Port 2.5.
P2.6
28
20
12
D I/O or A In Port 2.6.
P2.7
27
19
11
D I/O or A In Port 2.7.
P3.0
26
18
—
D I/O or A In Port 3.0. See SFR Definition 20.25 for a
description.
P3.1
25
17
—
D I/O or A In Port 3.1.
P3.2
24
16
—
D I/O or A In Port 3.2.
P3.3
23
15
—
D I/O or A In Port 3.3.
P3.4
22
14
—
D I/O or A In Port 3.4.
P3.5
21
13
—
D I/O or A In Port 3.5.
P3.6
20
12
—
D I/O or A In Port 3.6.
(32-pin)
Rev. 1.2
25
C8051F58x/F59x
Table 3.1. Pin Definitions for the C8051F58x/F59x (Continued)
Name
Pin
F582/3/6/7
(48-pin)
Pin
F588/9F590/1
(40-pin)
P3.7
19
11
—
P4.0
18
—
—
D I/O
Port 4.0. See SFR Definition 20.29 for a
description.
P4.1
17
—
—
D I/O
Port 4.1.
P4.2
16
—
—
D I/O
Port 4.2.
P4.3
15
—
—
D I/O
Port 4.3.
P4.4
14
—
—
D I/O
Port 4.4.
P4.5
13
—
—
D I/O
Port 4.5.
P4.6
10
—
—
D I/O
Port 4.6.
P4.7
9
—
—
D I/O
Port 4.7.
26
Pin
F580/1/4/5
Type
Description
(32-pin)
D I/O or A In Port 3.7.
Rev. 1.2
P0.2 / XTAL1
P0.3 / XTAL2
P0.4 / UART0 TX
P0.5 / UART0 RX
P0.6 / CAN TX
P0.7 / CAN RX
P1.0
P1.1
P1.2
P1.3
P1.4
P1.5
48
47
46
45
44
43
42
41
40
39
38
37
C8051F58x/F59x
P0.1 / CNVSTR
1
36
P1.6
VIO
2
35
P1.7
VREGIN
3
34
P2.0
VDD
4
33
P2.1
VDDA
5
32
P2.2
GND
6
31
P2.3
GNDA
7
30
P2.4
P0.0 / VREF
8
29
P2.5
P4.7
9
28
P2.6
P4.6
10
27
P2.7
C2D
11
26
P3.0
RST / C2CK
12
25
P3.1
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
P3.7
P3.6
P3.5
P3.4
P3.3
P3.2
16
P4.2
P4.0
15
P4.3
17
14
P4.4
P4.1
13
P4.5
C8051F580-IQ
C8051F581-IQ
C8051F584-IQ
C8051F585-IQ
Top View
Figure 3.1. QFP-48 Pinout Diagram (Top View)
Rev. 1.2
27
P0.2 / XTAL1
P0.3 / XTAL2
P0.4 / UART0 TX
P0.5 / UART0 RX
P0.6 / CAN TX
P0.7 / CAN RX
P1.0
P1.1
P1.2
P1.3
P1.4
P1.5
48
47
46
45
44
43
42
41
40
39
38
37
C8051F58x/F59x
P0.1 / CNVSTR
1
36
P1.6
VIO
2
35
P1.7
VREGIN
3
34
P2.0
VDD
4
33
P2.1
VDDA
5
32
P2.2
GND
6
31
P2.3
GNDA
7
30
P2.4
P0.0 / VREF
8
29
P2.5
P4.7
9
28
P2.6
P4.6
10
27
P2.7
C2D
11
26
P3.0
RST/C2CK
12
25
P3.1
C8051F580-IM
C8051F581-IM
C8051F584-IM
C8051F585-IM
Top View
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
P3.7
P3.6
P3.5
P3.4
P3.3
P3.2
16
P4.2
P4.0
15
P4.3
17
14
P4.4
P4.1
13
P4.5
GND
Figure 3.2. QFN-48 Pinout Diagram (Top View)
28
Rev. 1.2
P0.2 / XTAL1
P0.3 / XTAL2
P0.4 / UART0 TX
P0.5 / UART0 RX
P0.6 / CAN TX
P0.7 / CAN RX
P1.0
P1.1
P1.2
P1.3
40
39
38
37
36
35
34
33
32
31
C8051F58x/F59x
6
25
P2.1
GNDA
7
24
P2.2
P0.0 / VREF
8
GND
23
P2.3
P4.0 / C2D
9
22
P2.4
RST / C2CK
10
21
P2.5
20
GND
P2.6
P2.0
19
26
P2.7
5
18
VDDA
P3.0
P1.7
17
27
P3.1
4
16
P1.6
P3.2
28
VDD
C8051F588-IM
C8051F589-IM
C8051F590-IM
C8051F591-IM
Top View
15
3
P3.3
VREGIN
14
P1.5
P3.4
29
13
2
P3.5
VIO
12
P1.4
P3.6
30
11
1
P3.7
P0.1 / CNVSTR
Figure 3.3. QFN-40 Pinout Diagram (Top View)
Rev. 1.2
29
P0.2 / XTAL1
P0.3 / XTAL2
P0.4 / UART0 TX
P0.5 / UART0 RX
P0.6 / CAN TX
P0.7 / CAN RX
P1.0
P1.1
32
31
30
29
28
27
26
25
C8051F58x/F59x
P0.1 / CNVSTR
1
24
P1.2
VIO
2
23
P1.3
VREGIN
3
22
P1.4
VDD
4
21
P1.5
VDDA
5
20
P1.6
GND
6
19
P1.7
GNDA
7
18
P2.0
P0.0 / VREF
8
17
P2.1
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
P3.0 / C2D
RST / C2CK
P2.7
P2.6
P2.5
P2.4
P2.3
P2.2
C8051F582-IQ
C8051F583-IQ
C8051F586-IQ
C8051F587-IQ
Top View
Figure 3.4. QFP-32 Pinout Diagram (Top View)
30
Rev. 1.2
P0.2 / XTAL1
P0.3 / XTAL2
P0.4 / UART0 TX
P0.5 / UART0 RX
P0.6 / CAN TX
P0.7 / CAN RX
P1.0
P1.1
32
31
30
29
28
27
26
25
C8051F58x/F59x
P0.1 / CNVSTR
1
24
P1.2
VIO
2
23
P1.3
VREGIN
3
22
P1.4
VDD
4
21
P1.5
VDDA
5
20
P1.6
GND
6
19
P1.7
GNDA
7
18
P2.0
P0.0 / VREF
8
17
P2.1
C8051F582-IM
C8051F583-IM
C8051F586-IM
C8051F587-IM
Top View
11
12
13
14
15
16
P2.6
P2.5
P2.4
P2.3
P2.2
10
RST / C2CK
P2.7
9
P3.0 / C2D
GND
Figure 3.5. QFN-32 Pinout Diagram (Top View)
Rev. 1.2
31
C8051F58x/F59x
4. Package Specifications
4.1. QFP-48 Package Specifications
Figure 4.1. QFP-48 Package Drawing
Table 4.1. QFP-48 Package Dimensions
Dimension
Min
Typ
Max
Dimension
A
A1
A2
b
c
D
D1
e
—
0.05
0.95
0.17
0.09
—
—
1.00
0.22
—
9.00 BSC.
7.00 BSC.
0.50 BSC.
1.20
0.15
1.05
0.27
0.20
E
E1
L
aaa
bbb
ccc
ddd

Min
0.45
0°
Typ
9.00 BSC.
7.00 BSC.
0.60
0.20
0.20
0.08
0.08
3.5°
Max
0.75
7°
Notes:
1. All dimensions shown are in millimeters (mm) unless otherwise noted.
2. Dimensioning and Tolerancing per ANSI Y14.5M-1994.
3. This drawing conforms to the JEDEC outline MS-026, variation ABC.
4. Recommended card reflow profile is per the JEDEC/IPC J-STD-020 specification for Small Body
Components.
32
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
Figure 4.2. QFP-48 Landing Diagram
Table 4.2. QFP-48 Landing Diagram Dimensions
Dimension
Min
Max
Dimension
Min
Max
C1
8.30
8.40
X1
0.20
0.30
C2
8.30
8.40
Y1
1.40
1.50
E
0.50 BSC
Notes:
General
1. All dimensions shown are in millimeters (mm) unless otherwise noted.
2. This Land Pattern Design is based on the IPC-7351 guidelines.
Solder Mask Design
3. All metal pads are to be non-solder mask defined (NSMD). Clearance between the solder mask and the
metal pad is to be 60 m minimum, all the way around the pad.
Stencil Design
4. A stainless steel, laser-cut and electro-polished stencil with trapezoidal walls should be used to assure
good solder paste release.
5. The stencil thickness should be 0.125 mm (5 mils).
6. The ratio of stencil aperture to land pad size should be 1:1 for all perimeter pads.
Card Assembly
7. A No-Clean, Type-3 solder paste is recommended.
8. Recommended card reflow profile is per the JEDEC/IPC J-STD-020 specification for Small Body
Components.
Rev. 1.2
33
C8051F58x/F59x
4.2. QFN-48 Package Specifications
Figure 4.3. QFN-48 Package Drawing
Table 4.3. QFN-48 Package Dimensions
Dimension
Min
Typ
Max
Dimension
Min
Typ
Max
A
A1
b
D
D2
e
E
0.80
0.00
0.18
0.90
0.23
7.00 BSC
4.00
0.50 BSC
7.00 BSC
1.00
0.05
0.30
E2
L
L1
aaa
bbb
ddd
eee
3.90
0.30
0.00
—
—
—
—
4.00
0.40
—
—
—
—
—
4.10
0.50
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.05
0.08
3.90
4.10
Notes:
1. All dimensions shown are in millimeters (mm) unless otherwise noted.
2. Dimensioning and Tolerancing per ANSI Y14.5M-1994.
3. This drawing conforms to JEDEC outline MO-220, variation VKKD-4 except for features D2 and L
which are toleranced per supplier designation.
4. Recommended card reflow profile is per the JEDEC/IPC J-STD-020 specification for Small Body
Components.
34
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
Figure 4.4. QFN-48 Landing Diagram
Table 4.4. QFN-48 Landing Diagram Dimensions
Dimension
Min
Max
Dimension
Min
Max
C1
6.80
6.90
X2
4.00
4.10
C2
6.80
6.90
Y1
0.75
0.85
Y2
4.00
4.10
e
X1
0.50 BSC
0.20
0.30
Notes:
General
1. All dimensions shown are in millimeters (mm) unless otherwise noted.
2. Dimension and Tolerancing is per the ANSI Y14.5M-1994 specification.
3. This Land Pattern Design is based on the IPC-SM-7351 guidelines.
4. All dimensions shown are at Maximum Material Condition (MMC). Least Material Condition (LMC) is
calculated based on a Fabrication Allowance of 0.05 mm.
Solder Mask Design
5. All metal pads are to be non-solder mask defined (NSMD). Clearance between the solder mask and the
metal pad is to be 60 m minimum, all the way around the pad.
Stencil Design
6. A stainless steel, laser-cut and electro-polished stencil with trapezoidal walls should be used to assure
good solder paste release.
7. The stencil thickness should be 0.125 mm (5 mils).
8. The ratio of stencil aperture to land pad size should be 1:1 for all perimeter pads.
9. A 3x3 array of 1.20 mm x 1.10mm openings on a 1.40 mm pitch should be used for the center pad.
Card Assembly
10. A No-Clean, Type-3 solder paste is recommended.
11. Recommended card reflow profile is per the JEDEC/IPC J-STD-020 specification for Small Body
Components.
Rev. 1.2
35
C8051F58x/F59x
4.3. QFN-40 Package Specifications
Figure 4.5. Typical QFN-40 Package Drawing
Table 4.5. QFN-40 Package Dimensions
Dimension
Min
Typ
Max
Dimension
Min
Typ
Max
A
A1
b
D
D2
e
E
0.80
0.00
0.18
0.85
0.90
0.05
0.28
E2
L
L1
aaa
bbb
ddd
eee
4.00
0.35
4.10
0.40
4.20
0.45
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.05
0.08
4.00
0.23
6.00 BSC
4.10
0.50 BSC
6.00 BSC
4.20
Notes:
1. All dimensions shown are in millimeters (mm) unless otherwise noted.
2. Dimensioning and Tolerancing per ANSI Y14.5M-1994.
3. This drawing conforms to JEDEC Solid State Outline MO-220, variation VJJD-5, except for
features A, D2, and E2 which are toleranced per supplier designation.
4. Recommended card reflow profile is per the JEDEC/IPC J-STD-020 specification for Small Body
Components.
36
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
Figure 4.6. QFN-40 Landing Diagram
Table 4.6. QFN-40 Landing Diagram Dimensions
Dimension
Min
Max
Dimension
Min
Max
C1
5.80
5.90
X2
4.10
4.20
C2
5.80
5.90
Y1
0.75
0.85
Y2
4.10
4.20
e
X1
0.50 BSC
0.15
0.25
Notes:
General
1. All dimensions shown are in millimeters (mm) unless otherwise noted.
2. Dimension and Tolerancing is per the ANSI Y14.5M-1994 specification.
3. This Land Pattern Design is based on the IPC-SM-7351 guidelines.
4. All dimensions shown are at Maximum Material Condition (MMC). Least Material Condition (LMC) is
calculated based on a Fabrication Allowance of 0.05 mm.
Solder Mask Design
5. All metal pads are to be non-solder mask defined (NSMD). Clearance between the solder mask and the
metal pad is to be 60 m minimum, all the way around the pad.
Stencil Design
6. A stainless steel, laser-cut and electro-polished stencil with trapezoidal walls should be used to assure
good solder paste release.
7. The stencil thickness should be 0.125 mm (5 mils).
8. The ratio of stencil aperture to land pad size should be 1:1 for all perimeter pads.
9. A 4x4 array of 0.80 mm square openings on a 1.05 mm pitch should be used for the center ground pad.
Card Assembly
10. A No-Clean, Type-3 solder paste is recommended.
11. Recommended card reflow profile is per the JEDEC/IPC J-STD-020 specification for Small Body
Components.
Rev. 1.2
37
C8051F58x/F59x
4.4. QFP-32 Package Specifications
Figure 4.7. QFP-32 Package Drawing
Table 4.7. QFP-32 Package Dimensions
Dimension
A
A1
A2
b
c
D
D1
e
Min
—
0.05
1.35
0.30
0.09
Typ
—
—
1.40
0.37
—
9.00 BSC.
7.00 BSC.
0.80 BSC.
Max
1.60
0.15
1.45
0.45
0.20
Dimension
E
E1
L
aaa
bbb
ccc
ddd

Min
0.45
0°
Typ
9.00 BSC.
7.00 BSC.
0.60
0.20
0.20
0.10
0.20
3.5°
Max
0.75
7°
Notes:
1. All dimensions shown are in millimeters (mm) unless otherwise noted.
2. Dimensioning and Tolerancing per ANSI Y14.5M-1994.
3. This drawing conforms to the JEDEC outline MS-026, variation BBA.
4. Recommended card reflow profile is per the JEDEC/IPC J-STD-020 specification for Small Body
Components.
38
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
Figure 4.8. QFP-32 Package Drawing
Table 4.8. QFP-32 Landing Diagram Dimensions
Dimension
Min
Max
Dimension
Min
Max
C1
8.40
8.50
X1
0.40
0.50
C2
8.40
8.50
Y1
1.25
1.35
E
0.80 BSC
Notes:
General
1. All dimensions shown are in millimeters (mm) unless otherwise noted.
2. This Land Pattern Design is based on the IPC-7351 guidelines.
Solder Mask Design
3. All metal pads are to be non-solder mask defined (NSMD). Clearance between the solder mask and the
metal pad is to be 60m minimum, all the way around the pad.
Stencil Design
4. A stainless steel, laser-cut and electro-polished stencil with trapezoidal walls should be used to assure
good solder paste release.
5. The stencil thickness should be 0.125mm (5 mils).
6. The ratio of stencil aperture to land pad size should be 1:1 for all perimeter pads.
Card Assembly
7. A No-Clean, Type-3 solder paste is recommended.
8. Recommended card reflow profile is per the JEDEC/IPC J-STD-020 specification for Small Body
Components.
Rev. 1.2
39
C8051F58x/F59x
4.5. QFN-32 Package Specifications
Figure 4.9. QFN-32 Package Drawing
Table 4.9. QFN-32 Package Dimensions
Dimension
Min
Typ
Max
Dimension
Min
Typ
Max
A
A1
b
D
D2
e
E
0.80
0.00
0.18
0.9
0.02
0.25
5.00 BSC.
3.30
0.50 BSC.
5.00 BSC.
1.00
0.05
0.30
E2
L
L1
aaa
bbb
ddd
eee
3.20
0.30
0.00
—
—
—
—
3.30
0.40
—
—
—
—
—
3.40
0.50
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.05
0.08
3.20
3.40
Notes:
1. All dimensions shown are in millimeters (mm) unless otherwise noted.
2. Dimensioning and Tolerancing per ANSI Y14.5M-1994.
3. This drawing conforms to the JEDEC Solid State Outline MO-220, variation VGGD except for
custom features D2, E2, and L which are toleranced per supplier designation.
4. Recommended card reflow profile is per the JEDEC/IPC J-STD-020 specification for Small Body
Components.
40
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
Figure 4.10. QFN-32 Package Drawing
Table 4.10. QFN-32 Landing Diagram Dimensions
Dimension
Min
Max
Dimension
Min
Max
C1
4.80
4.90
X2
3.20
3.40
C2
4.80
4.90
Y1
0.75
0.85
Y2
3.20
3.40
e
X1
0.50 BSC
0.20
0.30
Notes:
General
1. All dimensions shown are in millimeters (mm) unless otherwise noted.
2. This Land Pattern Design is based on the IPC-7351 guidelines.
Solder Mask Design
3. All metal pads are to be non-solder mask defined (NSMD). Clearance between the solder mask and the
metal pad is to be 60 m minimum, all the way around the pad.
Stencil Design
4. A stainless steel, laser-cut and electro-polished— stencil with trapezoidal walls should be used to assure
good solder paste release.
5. The stencil thickness should be 0.125 mm (5 mils).
6. The ratio of stencil aperture to land pad size should be 1:1 for all perimeter pads.
7. A 3x3 array of 1.0 mm openings on a 1.20 mm pitch should be used for the center ground pad.
Card Assembly
8. A No-Clean, Type-3 solder paste is recommended.
9. The recommended card reflow profile is per the JEDEC/IPC J-STD-020 specification for Small Body
Components.
Rev. 1.2
41
C8051F58x/F59x
5. Electrical Characteristics
5.1. Absolute Maximum Specifications
Table 5.1. Absolute Maximum Ratings
Parameter
Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Units
Ambient Temperature under Bias
–55
—
135
°C
Storage Temperature
–65
—
150
°C
Voltage on VREGIN with Respect to GND
–0.3
—
5.5
V
Voltage on VDD with Respect to GND
–0.3
—
2.8
V
Voltage on VDDA with Respect to GND
–0.3
—
2.8
V
Voltage on VIO with Respect to GND
–0.3
—
5.5
V
Voltage on any Port I/O Pin or RST with Respect to
GND
–0.3
—
VIO + 0.3
V
Maximum Total Current through VREGIN or GND
—
—
500
mA
Maximum Output Current Sunk by RST or any Port Pin
—
—
100
mA
Maximum Output Current Sourced by any Port Pin
—
—
100
mA
Note: Stresses outside of the range of the “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the
device. This is a stress rating only and functional operation of the devices at those or any other conditions
above those indicated in the operation listings of this specification is not implied. Exposure to maximum rating
conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
42
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
5.2. Electrical Characteristics
Table 5.2. Global Electrical Characteristics
–40 to +125 °C, 24 MHz system clock unless otherwise specified.
Parameter
Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Units
1.8
—
5.25
V
System Clock < 25 MHz
VRST1
—
2.75
System Clock > 25 MHz
2
Supply Input Voltage (VREGIN)
Digital Supply Voltage (VDD)
Analog Supply Voltage (VDDA) System Clock < 25 MHz
(Must be connected to VDD)
System Clock > 25 MHz
Digital Supply RAM Data
Retention Voltage
VRST1
2.75
—
2
V
2.75
2.75
V
—
1.5
—
1.82
—
5.25
V
SYSCLK (System Clock)3
0
—
50
MHz
TSYSH (SYSCLK High Time)
9
—
—
ns
TSYSL (SYSCLK Low Time)
9
—
—
ns
–40
—
+125
°C
Port I/O Supply Voltage (VIO)
Normal Operation
Specified Operating
Temperature Range
Digital Supply Current—CPU Active (Normal Mode, fetching instructions from Flash)
IDD4
VDD = 2.1 V, F = 200 kHz
—
150
—
µA
VDD = 2.1 V, F = 1.5 MHz
—
650
—
µA
VDD = 2.1 V, F = 25 MHz
—
8.5
11
mA
VDD = 2.1 V, F = 50 MHz
—
15
21
mA
Notes:
1. Given in Table 5.4 on page 48.
2. VIO should not be lower than the VDD voltage.
3. SYSCLK must be at least 32 kHz to enable debugging.
4. Based on device characterization data; Not production tested. Does not include oscillator supply current.
5. IDD can be estimated for frequencies < 15 MHz by simply multiplying the frequency of interest by the
frequency sensitivity number for that range. When using these numbers to estimate IDD for >15 MHz, the
estimate should be the current at 50 MHz minus the difference in current indicated by the frequency
sensitivity number. For example: VDD = 2.6 V; F = 20 MHz, IDD = 21 mA - (50 MHz 20 MHz) * 0.46 mA/MHz = 7.2 mA.
6. Idle IDD can be estimated for frequencies < 1 MHz by simply multiplying the frequency of interest by the
frequency sensitivity number for that range. When using these numbers to estimate Idle IDD for >1 MHz, the
estimate should be the current at 50 MHz minus the difference in current indicated by the frequency
sensitivity number. 
For example: VDD = 2.6 V; F = 5 MHz, Idle IDD = 19 mA – (50 MHz – 5 MHz) x 0.38 mA/MHz = 1.9 mA.
Rev. 1.2
43
C8051F58x/F59x
Table 5.2. Global Electrical Characteristics (Continued)
–40 to +125 °C, 24 MHz system clock unless otherwise specified.
Parameter
IDD
Conditions
4
IDD Supply Sensitivity4
IDD Frequency Sensitivity
4,5
Min
Typ
Max
Units
VDD = 2.6 V, F = 200 kHz
—
220
—
µA
VDD = 2.6 V, F = 1.5 MHz
—
920
—
µA
VDD = 2.6 V, F = 25 MHz
—
12
21
mA
VDD = 2.6 V, F = 50 MHz
—
21
33
mA
F = 25 MHz
—
69
—
%/V
F = 1 MHz
—
75
—
%/V
VDD = 2.1V, F < 12.5 MHz, T = 25 °C
—
0.44
—
mA/MHz
VDD = 2.1V, F > 12.5 MHz, T = 25 °C
—
0.35
—
mA/MHz
VDD = 2.6V, F < 12.5 MHz, T = 25 °C
—
0.62
—
mA/MHz
VDD = 2.6V, F > 12.5 MHz, T = 25 °C
—
0.46
—
mA/MHz
Notes:
1. Given in Table 5.4 on page 48.
2. VIO should not be lower than the VDD voltage.
3. SYSCLK must be at least 32 kHz to enable debugging.
4. Based on device characterization data; Not production tested. Does not include oscillator supply current.
5. IDD can be estimated for frequencies < 15 MHz by simply multiplying the frequency of interest by the
frequency sensitivity number for that range. When using these numbers to estimate IDD for >15 MHz, the
estimate should be the current at 50 MHz minus the difference in current indicated by the frequency
sensitivity number. For example: VDD = 2.6 V; F = 20 MHz, IDD = 21 mA - (50 MHz 20 MHz) * 0.46 mA/MHz = 7.2 mA.
6. Idle IDD can be estimated for frequencies < 1 MHz by simply multiplying the frequency of interest by the
frequency sensitivity number for that range. When using these numbers to estimate Idle IDD for >1 MHz, the
estimate should be the current at 50 MHz minus the difference in current indicated by the frequency
sensitivity number. 
For example: VDD = 2.6 V; F = 5 MHz, Idle IDD = 19 mA – (50 MHz – 5 MHz) x 0.38 mA/MHz = 1.9 mA.
44
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
Table 5.2. Global Electrical Characteristics (Continued)
–40 to +125 °C, 24 MHz system clock unless otherwise specified.
Parameter
Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Units
Digital Supply Current—CPU Inactive (Idle Mode, not fetching instructions from Flash)
IDD4
IDD4
IDD Supply Sensitivity4
IDD Frequency Sensitivity 4.6
Digital Supply Current4
(Stop or Suspend Mode)
VDD = 2.1 V, F = 200 kHz
—
130
—
µA
VDD = 2.1 V, F = 1.5 MHz
—
440
—
µA
VDD = 2.1 V, F = 25 MHz
—
5.8
8.0
mA
VDD = 2.1 V, F = 50 MHz
—
11
16
mA
VDD = 2.6 V, F = 200 kHz
—
170
—
µA
VDD = 2.6 V, F = 1.5 MHz
—
570
—
µA
VDD = 2.6 V, F = 25 MHz
—
7.3
15
mA
VDD = 2.6 V, F = 50 MHz
—
15
25
mA
F = 25 MHz
—
53
—
F = 1 MHz
—
60
—
VDD = 2.1V, F < 12.5 MHz, T = 25 °C
—
0.28
—
VDD = 2.1V, F > 12.5 MHz, T = 25 °C
—
0.28
—
VDD = 2.6V, F < 12.5 MHz, T = 25 °C
—
0.35
—
VDD = 2.6V, F > 12.5 MHz, T = 25 °C
—
0.35
—
Temp = 25 °C
—
230
—
Temp = 60 °C
—
230
—
Temp= 125 °C
—
330
—
%/V
mA/MHz
Oscillator not running,
VDD Monitor Disabled
µA
Notes:
1. Given in Table 5.4 on page 48.
2. VIO should not be lower than the VDD voltage.
3. SYSCLK must be at least 32 kHz to enable debugging.
4. Based on device characterization data; Not production tested. Does not include oscillator supply current.
5. IDD can be estimated for frequencies < 15 MHz by simply multiplying the frequency of interest by the
frequency sensitivity number for that range. When using these numbers to estimate IDD for >15 MHz, the
estimate should be the current at 50 MHz minus the difference in current indicated by the frequency
sensitivity number. For example: VDD = 2.6 V; F = 20 MHz, IDD = 21 mA - (50 MHz 20 MHz) * 0.46 mA/MHz = 7.2 mA.
6. Idle IDD can be estimated for frequencies < 1 MHz by simply multiplying the frequency of interest by the
frequency sensitivity number for that range. When using these numbers to estimate Idle IDD for >1 MHz, the
estimate should be the current at 50 MHz minus the difference in current indicated by the frequency
sensitivity number. 
For example: VDD = 2.6 V; F = 5 MHz, Idle IDD = 19 mA – (50 MHz – 5 MHz) x 0.38 mA/MHz = 1.9 mA.
Rev. 1.2
45
C8051F58x/F59x
Figure 5.1. Maximum System Clock Frequency vs. VDD Voltage
Note: With system clock frequencies greater than 25 MHz, the VDD monitor level should be set to the high threshold
(VDMLVL = 1b in SFR VDM0CN) to prevent undefined CPU operation. The high threshold should only be used
with an external regulator powering VDD directly. See Figure 10.2 on page 90 for the recommended power
supply connections.
46
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
Table 5.3. Port I/O DC Electrical Characteristics
VDD = 1.8 to 2.75 V, –40 to +125 °C unless otherwise specified.
Parameters
Conditions
Output High Voltage IOH = –3 mA, Port I/O push-pull
IOH = –10 µA, Port I/O push-pull
IOH = –10 mA, Port I/O push-pull
Output Low Voltage VIO = 1.8 V:
IOL = 70 µA
IOL = 8.5 mA
VIO = 2.7 V:
IOL = 70 µA
IOL = 8.5 mA
VIO = 5.25 V:
IOL = 70 µA
IOL = 8.5 mA
Min
VIO – 0.4
VIO – 0.02
—
Typ
—
—
VIO – 0.7
Max
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
50
750
—
—
—
—
45
550
—
—
—
—
40
400
Units
V
mV
Input High Voltage
VREGIN = 5.25 V
0.7 x VIO
—
—
V
Input Low Voltage
VREGIN = 2.7 V
—
—
0.3 x VIO
V
Weak Pullup Off
—
—
2
Weak Pullup On, VIO = 2.1 V, 
VIN = 0 V, VDD = 1.8 V
—
6
9
Input Leakage 
Current
Weak Pullup On, VIO = 2.6 V, 
VIN = 0 V, VDD = 2.6 V
—
16
22
Weak Pullup On, VIO = 5.0 V, 
VIN = 0 V, VDD = 2.6 V
—
45
115
Rev. 1.2
µA
47
C8051F58x/F59x
Table 5.4. Reset Electrical Characteristics
–40 to +125 °C unless otherwise specified.
Parameter
Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Units
—
—
40
mV
RST Input High Voltage
0.7 x VIO
—
—
RST Input Low Voltage
—
—
0.3 x VIO
—
45
115
µA
VDD POR Threshold (VRST-LOW)
1.65
1.75
1.80
V
VDD POR Threshold (VRST-HIGH)
2.25
2.30
2.45
V
VDD = 2.1 V
200
390
600
VDD = 2.5 V
200
280
600
—
130
160
µs
6
—
—
µs
60
100
µs
1
2
µA
RST Output Low Voltage
RST Input Pullup Current
VIO = 5.0 V; IOL = 70 µA
RST = 0.0 V
Time from last system clock
rising edge to reset initiation
Missing Clock Detector Timeout
Delay between release of
any reset source and code 
execution at location 0x0000
Reset Time Delay
Minimum RST Low Time to 
Generate a System Reset
VDD Monitor Turn-on Time
VDD Monitor Supply Current
—
µs
Table 5.5. Flash Electrical Characteristics
VDD = 1.8 to 2.75 V, –40 to +125 °C unless otherwise specified.
Parameter
Flash Size
Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Units
131072*
C8051F580/1/2/3/8/9
C8051F584/5/6/7-F590/1
Endurance
Bytes
98304
20 k
150 k
—
Erase/Write
Flash Retention
85 °C
10
—
—
years
Erase Cycle Time
25 MHz System Clock
28
30
45
ms
Write Cycle Time
25 MHz System Clock
79
84
125
µs
VDD
Write / Erase operations
VRST-HIGH2
—
—
V
1. On the 128K Flash devices, 1024 bytes at addresses 0xFC00 to 0xFFFF (Bank 3) are reserved.
2. See Table 5.4 for the VRST-HIGH specification.
48
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
Table 5.6. Internal High-Frequency Oscillator Electrical Characteristics
VDD = 1.8 to 2.75 V, –40 to +125 °C unless otherwise specified; Using factory-calibrated settings.
Parameter
Conditions
Oscillator Frequency
Min
Typ
Max
Units
2
24 + 0.5%
MHz
IFCN = 111b;
VDD > VREGMIN1
24 – 0.5%
24
IFCN = 111b;
VDD < VREGMIN1
24 – 1.0%
242
24 + 1.0%
Oscillator Supply Current 
(from VDD)
Internal Oscillator On
OSCICN[7:6] = 11b
—
880
1300
µA
Internal Oscillator Suspend
OSCICN[7:6] = 00b
ZTCEN = 1
Temp = 25 °C
Temp = 85 °C
Temp = 125 °C
—
—
—
300
320
400
—
—
—
µA
Wake-up Time From Suspend
OSCICN[7:6] = 00b
—
1
—
µs
Power Supply Sensitivity
Constant Temperature
—
0.13
—
%/V
Constant Supply
TC1
TC2
—
—
5.0
–0.65
—
—
ppm/°C
ppm/°C2
3
Temperature Sensitivity
1. VREGMIN is the minimum output of the voltage regulator for its low setting (REG0CN: REG0MD = 0b). See
Table 5.8, “Voltage Regulator Electrical Characteristics,” on page 50
2. This is the average frequency across the operating temperature range
3. Use temperature coefficients TC1 and TC2 to calculate the new internal oscillator frequency using the
following equation:
f(T) = f0 x (1 + TC1 x (T – T0) + TC2 x (T – T0)2)
where f0 is the internal oscillator frequency at 25 °C and T0 is 25 °C.
Rev. 1.2
49
C8051F58x/F59x
Table 5.7. Clock Multiplier Electrical Specifications
VDD = 1.8 to 2.75 V, –40 to +125 °C unless otherwise specified.
Parameter
Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Units
Input Frequency (Fcmin)
2
—
—
MHz
Output Frequency
—
—
50
MHz
Power Supply Current
—
1.4
1.9
µA
Min
Typ
Max
Units
5.25
V
mV/mA
Table 5.8. Voltage Regulator Electrical Characteristics
VDD = 1.8 to 2.75 V, –40 to +125 °C unless otherwise specified.
Parameter
Conditions
Input Voltage Range (VREGIN)*
Dropout Voltage (VDO)
Output Voltage (VDD)
1.8*
Maximum Current = 50 mA
—
10
—
2.1 V operation (REG0MD = 0)
2.0
2.1
2.25
2.6 V operation (REG0MD = 1)
2.5
2.6
2.75
—
1
9
µA
–0.21
—
–0.02
V
—
0.04
—
mV/°C
—
450
—
µs
Bias Current
Dropout Indicator Detection
Threshold
With respect to VDD
Output Voltage Temperature
Coefficient
VREG Settling Time
50 mA load with VREGIN = 2.4 V
and VDD load capacitor of 4.8 µF
*Note: The minimum input voltage is 1.8 V or VDD + VDO(max load), whichever is greater.
50
Rev. 1.2
V
C8051F58x/F59x
Table 5.9. ADC0 Electrical Characteristics
VDDA = 1.8 to 2.75 V, –40 to +125 °C, VREF = 1.5 V (REFSL=0) unless otherwise specified.
Parameter
Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Units
DC Accuracy
Resolution
12
Integral Nonlinearity
Differential Nonlinearity
Offset
Guaranteed Monotonic
Error1
Full Scale Error
Offset Temperature Coefficient
bits
—
±0.5
±3
LSB
—
±0.5
±1
LSB
–10
–1.6
10
LSB
–20
–4.2
20
LSB
—
–2
—
ppm/°C
Dynamic performance (10 kHz sine-wave single-ended input, 1 dB below Full Scale, 200 ksps)
Signal-to-Noise Plus Distortion
63
66
—
dB
—
81
—
dB
—
–82
—
dB
SAR Conversion Clock
—
—
3.6
MHz
Conversion Time in SAR Clocks2
13
—
—
clocks
Total Harmonic Distortion
Up to the 5th harmonic
Spurious-Free Dynamic Range
Conversion Rate
Track/Hold Acquisition Time3
VDDA >2.0 V
VDDA < 2.0 V
1.5
3.5
—
—
µs
Throughput Rate4
VDDA >2.0 V
—
—
200
ksps
gain = 1.0 (default)
gain = n
0
0
—
VREF
VREF / n
V
Absolute Pin Voltage with respect
to GND
0
—
VIO
V
Sampling Capacitance
—
29
—
pF
Input Multiplexer Impedance
—
5
—
k
—
1100
1500
µA
Burst Mode (Idle)
—
1100
1500
µA
Power-On Time
5
—
—
µs
Power Supply Rejection Ratio
—
–60
—
mV/V
Analog Inputs
ADC Input Voltage Range5
Power Specifications
Power Supply Current 
(VDDA supplied to ADC0)
Operating Mode, 200 ksps
Notes:
1. Represents one standard deviation from the mean. Offset and full-scale error can be removed through
calibration.
2. An additional 2 FCLK cycles are required to start and complete a conversion
3. Additional tracking time may be required depending on the output impedance connected to the ADC input.
See Section “6.2.1. Settling Time Requirements” on page 59
4. An increase in tracking time will decrease the ADC throughput.
5. See Section “6.3. Selectable Gain” on page 60 for more information about the setting the gain.
Rev. 1.2
51
C8051F58x/F59x
Table 5.10. Temperature Sensor Electrical Characteristics
VDDA = 1.8 to 2.75 V, –40 to +125 °C unless otherwise specified.
Parameter
Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Units
Linearity
—
± 0.1
—
°C
Slope
—
3.33
—
mV/°C
Slope Error*
—
100
—
µV/°C
Offset
Temp = 0 °C
—
856
—
mV
Offset Error*
Temp = 0 °C
—
12
—
mV
Power Supply Current
—
22
—
µA
Tracking Time
12
—
—
µs
*Note: Represents one standard deviation from the mean.
Table 5.11. Voltage Reference Electrical Characteristics
VDDA = 1.8 to 2.75 V, –40 to +125 °C unless otherwise specified.
Parameter
Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Units
25 °C ambient (REFLV = 0)
1.45
1.50
1.55
25 °C ambient (REFLV = 1), VDD = 2.6 V
2.15
2.20
2.25
VREF Short-Circuit Current
—
5
10
mA
VREF Temperature 
Coefficient
—
22
—
ppm/°C
Internal Reference (REFBE = 1)
Output Voltage
V
Power Consumption
Internal
—
30
50
µA
Load Regulation
Load = 0 to 200 µA to AGND
—
3
—
µV/µA
VREF Turn-on Time 1
4.7 µF and 0.1 µF bypass
—
1.5
—
ms
VREF Turn-on Time 2
0.1 µF bypass
—
46
—
µs
—
1.2
—
mV/V
1.5
—
VDDA
V
Sample Rate = 200 ksps; VREF = 1.5 V
—
2.5
—
µA
REFBE = 1 or TEMPE = 1
—
21
40
µA
Power Supply Rejection
External Reference (REFBE = 0)
Input Voltage Range
Input Current
Power Specifications
Reference Bias Generator
52
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
Table 5.12. Comparator 0, 1 and 2 Electrical Characteristics
VIO = 1.8 to 5.25 V, –40 to +125 °C unless otherwise noted.
Parameter
Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Units
Response Time:
Mode 0, Vcm* = 1.5 V
CPn+ – CPn– = 100 mV
—
390
—
ns
CPn+ – CPn– = –100 mV
—
430
—
ns
Response Time:
Mode 1, Vcm* = 1.5 V
CPn+ – CPn– = 100 mV
—
620
—
ns
CPn+ – CPn– = –100 mV
—
690
—
ns
Response Time:
Mode 2, Vcm* = 1.5 V
CPn+ – CPn– = 100 mV
—
770
—
ns
CP0+ – CP0– = –100 mV
—
860
—
ns
Response Time:
Mode 3, Vcm* = 1.5 V
CPn+ – CPn– = 100 mV
—
3500
—
ns
CPn+ – CPn– = –100 mV
—
3900
—
ns
—
1.5
8.9
mV/V
Common-Mode Rejection Ratio
Positive Hysteresis 1
CPnHYP1–0 = 00
-2
0
2
mV
Positive Hysteresis 2
CPnHYP1–0 = 01
2
6
10
mV
Positive Hysteresis 3
CPnHYP1–0 = 10
5
11
20
mV
Positive Hysteresis 4
CPnHYP1–0 = 11
13
22
40
mV
Negative Hysteresis 1
CPnHYN1–0 = 00
–2
0
2
mV
Negative Hysteresis 2
CPnHYN1–0 = 01
2
6
10
mV
Negative Hysteresis 3
CPnHYN1–0 = 10
5
11
20
mV
Negative Hysteresis 4
CPnHYN1–0 = 11
13
22
40
mV
–0.25
—
VIO + 0.25
V
—
8
—
pF
–10
—
+10
mV
Power Supply Rejection
—
0.33
—
mV/V
Power-Up Time
—
3
—
µs
Mode 0
—
6.1
20
µA
Mode 1
—
3.2
10
µA
Mode 2
—
2.5
7.5
µA
Mode 3
—
0.5
3
µA
Inverting or Non-Inverting Input
Voltage Range
Input Capacitance
Input Offset Voltage
Power Supply
Supply Current at DC
*Note: Vcm is the common-mode voltage on CP0+ and CP0–.
Rev. 1.2
53
C8051F58x/F59x
6. 12-Bit ADC (ADC0)
The ADC0 on the C8051F58x/F59x consists of an analog multiplexer (AMUX0) with 35/28 total input selections and a 200 ksps, 12-bit successive-approximation-register (SAR) ADC with integrated track-and-hold,
programmable window detector, programmable attenuation (1:2), and hardware accumulator. The ADC0
subsystem has a special Burst Mode which can automatically enable ADC0, capture and accumulate samples, then place ADC0 in a low power shutdown mode without CPU intervention. The AMUX0, data conversion modes, and window detector are all configurable under software control via the Special Function
Registers shows in Figure 6.1. ADC0 inputs are single-ended and may be configured to measure P0.0P3.7, the Temperature Sensor output, VDD, or GND with respect to GND. The voltage reference for ADC0
is selected as described in Section “7. Temperature Sensor” on page 74. ADC0 is enabled when the
AD0EN bit in the ADC0 Control register (ADC0CN) is set to logic 1, or when performing conversions in
Burst Mode. ADC0 is in low power shutdown when AD0EN is logic 0 and no Burst Mode conversions are
taking place.
Start
Conversion
Timer 1 Overflow
10
CNVSTR Input
11
Timer 2 Overflow
ADC0H
FCLK
REF
ADC0GNH ADC0GNL ADC0GNA
AD0BUSY (W)
Accumulator
ADC
35-to-1
AMUX0
00
01
ADC0L
12-Bit
SAR
Selectable
Gain
P2.7
P3.0
P3.1*
AD0CM1
AD0CM0
Burst Mode
Logic
Burst Mode
Oscillator
25 MHz Max
P1.7
P2.0
Start
Conversion
FCLK
SYSCLK
P0.7
P1.0
AD0BUSY
AD0WINT
AD0LJST
VDD
AD0TM1:0
AD0PRE
AD0POST
P0.0
AD0EN
BURSTEN
AD0INT
AD0TK0
AD0TM1
AD0TM0
AD0TK1
AD0PWR3
AD0PWR2
AD0PWR1
AD0PWR0
*Available on 48-pin and
40-pin packages
ADC0CN
ADC0TK
ADC0MX3
ADC0MX2
ADC0MX1
ADC0MX0
ADC0MX4
ADC0MX
AD0WINT
GND
AD0SC0
AD0RPT1
AD0RPT0
GAINEN
Temp Sensor
AD0SC3
AD0SC2
AD0SC1
VDD
AD0SC4
P3.7*
ADC0CF
32
ADC0LTH ADC0LTL
ADC0GTH ADC0GTL
Figure 6.1. ADC0 Functional Block Diagram
54
Rev. 1.2
Window
Compare
Logic
C8051F58x/F59x
6.1. Modes of Operation
In a typical system, ADC0 is configured using the following steps:
1. If a gain adjustment is required, refer to Section “6.3. Selectable Gain” on page 60.
2. Choose the start of conversion source.
3. Choose Normal Mode or Burst Mode operation.
4. If Burst Mode, choose the ADC0 Idle Power State and set the Power-Up Time.
5. Choose the tracking mode. Note that Pre-Tracking Mode can only be used with Normal Mode.
6. Calculate the required settling time and set the post convert-start tracking time using the AD0TK bits.
7. Choose the repeat count.
8. Choose the output word justification (Right-Justified or Left-Justified).
9. Enable or disable the End of Conversion and Window Comparator Interrupts.
6.1.1. Starting a Conversion
A conversion can be initiated in one of four ways, depending on the programmed states of the ADC0 Start
of Conversion Mode bits (AD0CM1–0) in register ADC0CN. Conversions may be initiated by one of the following:

Writing a 1 to the AD0BUSY bit of register ADC0CN
A rising edge on the CNVSTR input signal (pin P0.1)
 A Timer 1 overflow (i.e., timed continuous conversions)
 A Timer 2 overflow (i.e., timed continuous conversions)

Writing a 1 to AD0BUSY provides software control of ADC0 whereby conversions are performed "ondemand.” During conversion, the AD0BUSY bit is set to logic 1 and reset to logic 0 when the conversion is
complete. The falling edge of AD0BUSY triggers an interrupt (when enabled) and sets the ADC0 interrupt
flag (AD0INT). Note: When polling for ADC conversion completions, the ADC0 interrupt flag (AD0INT)
should be used. Converted data is available in the ADC0 data registers, ADC0H:ADC0L, when bit AD0INT
is logic 1. Note that when Timer 2 overflows are used as the conversion source, Low Byte overflows are
used if Timer2 is in 8-bit mode; High byte overflows are used if Timer 2 is in 16-bit mode. See Section
“27. Timers” on page 283 for timer configuration.
Important Note About Using CNVSTR: The CNVSTR input pin also functions as Port pin P0.1. When the
CNVSTR input is used as the ADC0 conversion source, Port pin P0.1 should be skipped by the Digital
Crossbar. To configure the Crossbar to skip P0.1, set to 1 Bit1 in register P0SKIP. See Section “20. Port
Input/Output” on page 186 for details on Port I/O configuration.
6.1.2. Tracking Modes
Each ADC0 conversion must be preceded by a minimum tracking time for the converted result to be accurate, as shown in Figure 6.1. ADC0 has three tracking modes: Pre-Tracking, Post-Tracking, and DualTracking. Pre-Tracking Mode provides the minimum delay between the convert start signal and end of conversion by tracking continuously before the convert start signal. This mode requires software management
in order to meet minimum tracking requirements. In Post-Tracking Mode, a programmable tracking time
starts after the convert start signal and is managed by hardware. Dual-Tracking Mode maximizes tracking
time by tracking before and after the convert start signal. Figure 6.3 shows examples of the three tracking
modes.
Pre-Tracking Mode is selected when AD0TM is set to 10b. Conversions are started immediately following
the convert start signal. ADC0 is tracking continuously when not performing a conversion. Software must
allow at least the minimum tracking time between each end of conversion and the next convert start signal.
The minimum tracking time must also be met prior to the first convert start signal after ADC0 is enabled.
Rev. 1.2
55
C8051F58x/F59x
Post-Tracking Mode is selected when AD0TM is set to 01b. A programmable tracking time based on
AD0TK is started immediately following the convert start signal. Conversions are started after the programmed tracking time ends. After a conversion is complete, ADC0 does not track the input. Rather, the
sampling capacitor remains disconnected from the input making the input pin high-impedance until the
next convert start signal.
Dual-Tracking Mode is selected when AD0TM is set to 11b. A programmable tracking time based on
AD0TK is started immediately following the convert start signal. Conversions are started after the programmed tracking time ends. After a conversion is complete, ADC0 tracks continuously until the next conversion is started.
Depending on the output connected to the ADC input, additional tracking time, more than is specified in
Table 5.9, may be required after changing MUX settings. See the settling time requirements described in
Section “6.2.1. Settling Time Requirements” on page 59.
Convert Start
Pre-Tracking
AD0TM = 10
Track
Post-Tracking
AD0TM= 01
Idle
Track
Convert
Idle
Track
Convert..
Dual-Tracking
AD0TM = 11
Track
Track
Convert
Track
Track
Convert..
Convert
Track
Convert ...
Figure 6.2. ADC0 Tracking Modes
6.1.3. Timing
ADC0 has a maximum conversion speed specified in Table 5.9. ADC0 is clocked from the ADC0 Subsystem Clock (FCLK). The source of FCLK is selected based on the BURSTEN bit. When BURSTEN is
logic 0, FCLK is derived from the current system clock. When BURSTEN is logic 1, FCLK is derived from
the Burst Mode Oscillator, an independent clock source with a maximum frequency of 25 MHz.
When ADC0 is performing a conversion, it requires a clock source that is typically slower than FCLK. The
ADC0 SAR conversion clock (SAR clock) is a divided version of FCLK. The divide ratio can be configured
using the AD0SC bits in the ADC0CF register. The maximum SAR clock frequency is listed in Table 5.9.
ADC0 can be in one of three states at any given time: tracking, converting, or idle. Tracking time depends
on the tracking mode selected. For Pre-Tracking Mode, tracking is managed by software and ADC0 starts
conversions immediately following the convert start signal. For Post-Tracking and Dual-Tracking Modes,
the tracking time after the convert start signal is equal to the value determined by the AD0TK bits plus 2
FCLK cycles. Tracking is immediately followed by a conversion. The ADC0 conversion time is always 13
SAR clock cycles plus an additional 2 FCLK cycles to start and complete a conversion. Figure 6.4 shows
timing diagrams for a conversion in Pre-Tracking Mode and tracking plus conversion in Post-Tracking or
Dual-Tracking Mode. In this example, repeat count is set to one.
56
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
Convert Start
Pre-Tracking Mode
Time
F
S1
S2
ADC0 State
...
S12
S13
F
Convert
AD0INT Flag
Post-Tracking or Dual-Tracking Modes (AD0TK = ‘00')
Time
F
S1
ADC0 State
S2
F F
S1
Track
...
S2
S12
S13
F
Convert
AD0INT Flag
Key
F
Sn
Equal to one period of FCLK.
Each Sn is equal to one period of the SAR clock.
Figure 6.3. 12-Bit ADC Tracking Mode Example
6.1.4. Burst Mode
Burst Mode is a power saving feature that allows ADC0 to remain in a very low power state between conversions. When Burst Mode is enabled, ADC0 wakes from a very low power state, accumulates 1, 4, 8, or
16 samples using an internal Burst Mode clock (approximately 25 MHz), then re-enters a very low power
state. Since the Burst Mode clock is independent of the system clock, ADC0 can perform multiple conversions then enter a very low power state within a single system clock cycle, even if the system clock is slow
(e.g., 32.768 kHz), or suspended.
Burst Mode is enabled by setting BURSTEN to logic 1. When in Burst Mode, AD0EN controls the ADC0
idle power state (i.e. the state ADC0 enters when not tracking or performing conversions). If AD0EN is set
to logic 0, ADC0 is powered down after each burst. If AD0EN is set to logic 1, ADC0 remains enabled after
each burst. On each convert start signal, ADC0 is awakened from its Idle Power State. If ADC0 is powered
down, it will automatically power up and wait the programmable Power-Up Time controlled by the
AD0PWR bits. Otherwise, ADC0 will start tracking and converting immediately. Figure 6.4 shows an example of Burst Mode Operation with a slow system clock and a repeat count of 4.
Important Note: When Burst Mode is enabled, only Post-Tracking and Dual-Tracking modes can be used.
When Burst Mode is enabled, a single convert start will initiate a number of conversions equal to the repeat
count. When Burst Mode is disabled, a convert start is required to initiate each conversion. In both modes,
the ADC0 End of Conversion Interrupt Flag (AD0INT) will be set after “repeat count” conversions have
Rev. 1.2
57
C8051F58x/F59x
been accumulated. Similarly, the Window Comparator will not compare the result to the greater-than and
less-than registers until “repeat count” conversions have been accumulated.
Note: When using Burst Mode, care must be taken to issue a convert start signal no faster than once every four
SYSCLK periods. This includes external convert start signals.
System Clock
Convert Start
(AD0BUSY or Timer
Overflow)
Post-Tracking
AD0TM = 01
AD0EN = 0
Powered
Down
Power-Up
and Idle
T C T C T C T C
Powered
Down
Power-Up
and Idle
T C..
Dual-Tracking
AD0TM = 11
AD0EN = 0
Powered
Down
Power-Up
and Track
T C T C T C T C
Powered
Down
Power-Up
and Track
T C..
AD0PWR
Post-Tracking
AD0TM = 01
AD0EN = 1
Idle
T C T C T C T C
Idle
T C T C T C..
Dual-Tracking
AD0TM = 11
AD0EN = 1
Track
T C T C T C T C
Track
T C T C T C..
T = Tracking
C = Converting
Convert Start
(CNVSTR)
Post-Tracking
AD0TM = 01
AD0EN = 0
Powered
Down
Power-Up
and Idle
T C
Powered
Down
Power-Up
and Idle
T C..
Dual-Tracking
AD0TM = 11
AD0EN = 0
Powered
Down
Power-Up
and Track
T C
Powered
Down
Power-Up
and Track
T C..
AD0PWR
Post-Tracking
AD0TM = 01
AD0EN = 1
Idle
T C
Idle
T C
Idle..
Dual-Tracking
AD0TM = 11
AD0EN = 1
Track
T C
Track
T C
Track..
T = Tracking
C = Converting
Figure 6.4. 12-Bit ADC Burst Mode Example With Repeat Count Set to 4
58
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
6.2. Output Code Formatting
The registers ADC0H and ADC0L contain the high and low bytes of the output conversion code. When the
repeat count is set to 1, conversion codes are represented in 12-bit unsigned integer format and the output
conversion code is updated after each conversion. Inputs are measured from 0 to VREF x 4095/4096. Data
can be right-justified or left-justified, depending on the setting of the AD0LJST bit (ADC0CN.2). Unused
bits in the ADC0H and ADC0L registers are set to 0. Example codes are shown below for both right-justified and left-justified data.
Input Voltage
Right-Justified ADC0H:ADC0L
(AD0LJST = 0)
Left-Justified ADC0H:ADC0L
(AD0LJST = 1)
VREF x 4095/4096
VREF x 2048/4096
VREF x 2047/4096
0
0x0FFF
0x0800
0x07FF
0x0000
0xFFF0
0x8000
0x7FF0
0x0000
When the ADC0 Repeat Count is greater than 1, the output conversion code represents the accumulated
result of the conversions performed and is updated after the last conversion in the series is finished. Sets
of 4, 8, or 16 consecutive samples can be accumulated and represented in unsigned integer format. The
repeat count can be selected using the AD0RPT bits in the ADC0CF register. The value must be right-justified (AD0LJST = 0), and unused bits in the ADC0H and ADC0L registers are set to 0. The following
example shows right-justified codes for repeat counts greater than 1. Notice that accumulating 2n samples
is equivalent to left-shifting by n bit positions when all samples returned from the ADC have the same
value.
Input Voltage
Repeat Count = 4
Repeat Count = 8
Repeat Count = 16
VREF x 4095/4096
VREF x 2048/4096
VREF x 2047/4096
0
0x3FFC
0x2000
0x1FFC
0x0000
0x7FF8
0x4000
0x3FF8
0x0000
0xFFF0
0x8000
0x7FF0
0x0000
6.2.1. Settling Time Requirements
A minimum tracking time is required before an accurate conversion is performed. This tracking time is
determined by any series impedance, including the AMUX0 resistance, the ADC0 sampling capacitance,
and the accuracy required for the conversion.
Figure 6.5 shows the equivalent ADC0 input circuit. The required ADC0 settling time for a given settling
accuracy (SA) may be approximated by Equation 6.1. When measuring the Temperature Sensor output,
use the tracking time specified in Table 5.10 on page 52. When measuring VDD with respect to GND, RTOTAL reduces to RMUX. See Table 5.9 for ADC0 minimum settling time requirements as well as the mux
impedance and sampling capacitor values.
n
2
t = ln  --------  R TOTAL C SAMPLE
 SA
Equation 6.1. ADC0 Settling Time Requirements
Where:
SA is the settling accuracy, given as a fraction of an LSB (for example, 0.25 to settle within 1/4 LSB)
t is the required settling time in seconds
RTOTAL is the sum of the AMUX0 resistance and any external source resistance.
n is the ADC resolution in bits (10).
Rev. 1.2
59
C8051F58x/F59x
MUX Select
Px.x
RMUX
CSAMPLE
RCInput= RMUX * CSAMPLE
Figure 6.5. ADC0 Equivalent Input Circuit
6.3. Selectable Gain
ADC0 on the C8051F58x/F59x family of devices implements a selectable gain adjustment option. By writing a value to the gain adjust address range, the user can select gain values between 0 and 1.016.
For example, three analog sources to be measured have full-scale outputs of 5.0 V, 4.0 V, and 3.0 V,
respectively. Each ADC measurement would ideally use the full dynamic range of the ADC with an internal
voltage reference of 1.5 V or 2.2 V (set to 2.2 V for this example). When selecting the first source (5.0 V
full-scale), a gain value of 0.44 (5 V full scale x 0.44 = 2.2 V full scale) provides a full-scale signal of 2.2 V
when the input signal is 5.0 V. Likewise, a gain value of 0.55 (4 V full scale x 0.55 = 2.2 V full scale) for the
second source and 0.73 (3 V full scale x 0.73 = 2.2 V full scale) for the third source provide full-scale ADC0
measurements when the input signal is full-scale.
Additionally, some sensors or other input sources have small part-to-part variations that must be
accounted for to achieve accurate results. In this case, the programmable gain value could be used as a
calibration value to eliminate these part-to-part variations.
6.3.1. Calculating the Gain Value
The ADC0 selectable gain feature is controlled by 13 bits in three registers. ADC0GNH contains the 8
upper bits of the gain value and ADC0GNL contains the 4 lower bits of the gain value. The final GAINADD
bit (ADC0GNA.0) controls an optional extra 1/64 (0.016) of gain that can be added in addition to the
ADC0GNH and ADC0GNL gain. The ADC0GNA.0 bit is set to 1 after a power-on reset.
The equivalent gain for the ADC0GNH, ADC0GNL and ADC0GNA registers is as follows:
GAIN
1
gain =  --------------- + GAINADD   ------
 4096 
 64
Equation 6.2. Equivalent Gain from the ADC0GNH and ADC0GNL Registers
Where:
GAIN is the 12-bit word of ADC0GNH[7:0] and ADC0GNL[7:4]
GAINADD is the value of the GAINADD bit (ADC0GNA.0)
gain is the equivalent gain value from 0 to 1.016
60
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
For example, if ADC0GNH = 0xFC, ADC0GNL = 0x00, and GAINADD = 1, GAIN = 0xFC0 = 4032, and the
resulting equation is as follows:
4032
1
GAIN =  ------------- + 1   ------ = 0.984 + 0.016 = 1.0
 4096
 64
The table below equates values in the ADC0GNH, ADC0GNL, and ADC0GNA registers to the equivalent
gain using this equation.
ADC0GNH Value
ADC0GNL Value
GAINADD Value
GAIN Value
Equivalent Gain
0xFC (default)
0x7C
0xBC
0x3C
0xFF
0xFF
0x00 (default)
0x00
0x00
0x00
0xF0
0xF0
1 (default)
1
1
1
0
1
4032 + 64
1984 + 64
3008 + 64
960 + 64
4095 + 0
4096 + 64
1.0 (default)
0.5
0.75
0.25
~1.0
1.016
For any desired gain value, the GAIN registers can be calculated by the following:
1
GAIN =  gain – GAINADD   ------   4096

 64 
Equation 6.3. Calculating the ADC0GNH and ADC0GNL Values from the Desired Gain
Where:
GAIN is the 12-bit word of ADC0GNH[7:0] and ADC0GNL[7:4]
GAINADD is the value of the GAINADD bit (ADC0GNA.0)
gain is the equivalent gain value from 0 to 1.016
When calculating the value of GAIN to load into the ADC0GNH and ADC0GNL registers, the GAINADD bit
can be turned on or off to reach a value closer to the desired gain value.
For example, the initial example in this section requires a gain of 0.44 to convert 5 V full scale to 2.2 V full
scale. Using Equation 6.3:
1
GAIN =  0.44 – GAINADD   ------   4096

 64 
If GAINADD is set to 1, this makes the equation:
1
GAIN =  0.44 – 1   ------   4096 = 0.424  4096 = 1738 = 0x06CA

 64 
The actual gain from setting GAINADD to 1 and ADC0GNH and ADC0GNL to 0x6CA is 0.4399. A similar
gain can be achieved if GAINADD is set to 0 with a different value for ADC0GNH and ADC0GNL.
Rev. 1.2
61
C8051F58x/F59x
6.3.2. Setting the Gain Value
The three programmable gain registers are accessed indirectly using the ADC0H and ADC0L registers
when the GAINEN bit (ADC0CF.0) bit is set. ADC0H acts as the address register, and ADC0L is the data
register. The programmable gain registers can only be written to and cannot be read. See Gain Register
Definition 6.1, Gain Register Definition 6.2, and Gain Register Definition 6.3 for more information.
The gain is programmed using the following steps:
1. Set the GAINEN bit (ADC0CF.0)
2. Load the ADC0H with the ADC0GNH, ADC0GNL, or ADC0GNA address.
3. Load ADC0L with the desired value for the selected gain register.
4. Reset the GAINEN bit (ADC0CF.0)
Notes:
1. An ADC conversion should not be performed while the GAINEN bit is set.
2. Even with gain enabled, the maximum input voltage must be less than VREGIN and the maximum
voltage of the signal after gain must be less than or equal to VREF.
In code, changing the value to 0.44 gain from the previous example looks like:
// in ‘C’:
ADC0CF |= 0x01;
ADC0H = 0x04;
ADC0L = 0x6C;
ADC0H = 0x07;
ADC0L = 0xA0;
ADC0H = 0x08;
ADC0L = 0x01;
ADC0CF &= ~0x01;
// GAINEN = 1
// Load the ADC0GNH address
// Load the upper byte of 0x6CA to ADC0GNH
// Load the ADC0GNL address
// Load the lower nibble of 0x6CA to ADC0GNL
// Load the ADC0GNA address
// Set the GAINADD bit
// GAINEN = 0
; in assembly
ORL ADC0CF,#01H
MOV ADC0H,#04H
MOV ADC0L,#06CH
MOV ADC0H,#07H
MOV ADC0L,#0A0H
MOV ADC0H,#08H
MOV ADC0L,#01H
ANL ADC0CF,#0FEH
; GAINEN = 1
; Load the ADC0GNH address
; Load the upper byte of 0x6CA to ADC0GNH
; Load the ADC0GNL address
; Load the lower nibble of 0x6CA to ADC0GNL
; Load the ADC0GNA address
; Set the GAINADD bit
; GAINEN = 0
62
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
Gain Register Definition 6.1. ADC0GNH: ADC0 Selectable Gain High Byte
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
Name
GAINH[7:0]
Type
W
Reset
1
1
1
1
Indirect Address = 0x04;
Bit
Name
7:0
1
2
1
0
1
0
0
Function
GAINH[7:0] ADC0 Gain High Byte.
See Section 6.3.1 for details on calculating the value for this register.
Note: This register is accessed indirectly; See Section 6.3.2 for details for writing this register.
Gain Register Definition 6.2. ADC0GNL: ADC0 Selectable Gain Low Byte
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Name
GAINL[3:0]
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
Type
W
W
W
W
W
0
0
0
0
Reset
0
0
0
0
Indirect Address = 0x07;
Bit
Name
7:4
Function
GAINL[3:0] ADC0 Gain Lower 4 Bits.
See Figure 6.3.1 for details for setting this register.
This register is only accessed indirectly through the ADC0H and ADC0L register.
3:0
Reserved
Must Write 0000b
Note: This register is accessed indirectly; See Section 6.3.2 for details for writing this register.
Rev. 1.2
63
C8051F58x/F59x
Gain Register Definition 6.3. ADC0GNA: ADC0 Additional Selectable Gain
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
Name
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
Type
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
Reset
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
Indirect Address = 0x08;
Bit
Name
1
Reserved GAINADD
Function
7:1
Reserved
Reserved. Must Write 0000000b.
0
GAINADD
ADC0 Additional Gain Bit.
Setting this bit add 1/64 (0.016) gain to the gain value in the ADC0GNH and
ADC0GNL registers.
Note: This register is accessed indirectly; See Section 6.3.2 for details for writing this register.
64
Rev. 1.2
0
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 6.4. ADC0CF: ADC0 Configuration
Bit
7
6
5
Name
AD0SC[4:0]
Type
R/W
Reset
1
1
1
4
2
1
AD0RPT[1:0]
1
SFR Address = 0xBC; SFR Page = 0x00
Bit
Name
7:3
3
1
0
GAINEN
R/W
R/W
R/W
0
0
0
Function
AD0SC[4:0] ADC0 SAR Conversion Clock Period Bits.
SAR Conversion clock is derived from system clock by the following equation, where
AD0SC refers to the 5-bit value held in bits AD0SC4–0. SAR Conversion clock
requirements are given in the ADC specification table
BURSTEN = 0: FCLK is the current system clock
BURSTEN = 1: FLCLK is a maximum of 30 Mhz, independent of the current system
clock..
FCLK
AD0SC = -------------------- – 1
CLK SAR
Note: Round up the result of the calculation for AD0SC
2:1
A0RPT[1:0] ADC0 Repeat Count.
Controls the number of conversions taken and accumulated between ADC0 End of
Conversion (ADCINT) and ADC0 Window Comparator (ADCWINT) interrupts. A convert start is required for each conversion unless Burst Mode is enabled. In Burst
Mode, a single convert start can initiate multiple self-timed conversions. Results in
both modes are accumulated in the ADC0H:ADC0L register. When AD0RPT1–0 are
set to a value other than '00', the AD0LJST bit in the ADC0CN register must be
set to '0' (right justified).
00: 1 conversion is performed.
01: 4 conversions are performed and accumulated.
10: 8 conversions are performed and accumulated.
11: 16 conversions are performed and accumulated.
0
GAINEN
Gain Enable Bit.
Controls the gain programming. Refer to Section “6.3. Selectable Gain” on page 60
for information about using this bit.
Rev. 1.2
65
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 6.5. ADC0H: ADC0 Data Word MSB
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
Name
ADC0H[7:0]
Type
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0xBE; SFR Page = 0x00
Bit
Name
2
1
0
0
0
0
Function
7:0 ADC0H[7:0] ADC0 Data Word High-Order Bits.
For AD0LJST = 0 and AD0RPT as follows:
00: Bits 3–0 are the upper 4 bits of the 12-bit result. Bits 7–4 are 0000b.
01: Bits 4–0 are the upper 5 bits of the 14-bit result. Bits 7–5 are 000b.
10: Bits 5–0 are the upper 6 bits of the 15-bit result. Bits 7–6 are 00b.
11: Bits 7–0 are the upper 8 bits of the 16-bit result.
For AD0LJST = 1 (AD0RPT must be 00): Bits 7–0 are the most-significant bits of the
ADC0 12-bit result.
SFR Definition 6.6. ADC0L: ADC0 Data Word LSB
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
Name
ADC0L[7:0]
Type
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0xBD; SFR Page = 0x00
Bit
Name
7:0
66
0
2
1
0
0
0
0
Function
ADC0L[7:0] ADC0 Data Word Low-Order Bits.
For AD0LJST = 0: Bits 7–0 are the lower 8 bits of the ADC0 Accumulated Result.
For AD0LJST = 1 (AD0RPT must be '00'): Bits 7–4 are the lower 4 bits of the 12-bit
result. Bits 3–0 are 0000b.
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 6.7. ADC0CN: ADC0 Control
Bit
7
6
5
4
Name
AD0EN
BURSTEN
AD0INT
Type
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
3
AD0BUSY AD0WINT
2
1
0
AD0LJST
AD0CM[1:0]
R/W
R/W
R/W
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0xE8; SFR Page = 0x00; Bit-Addressable
Bit
Name
Function
7
AD0EN
ADC0 Enable Bit.
0: ADC0 Disabled. ADC0 is in low-power shutdown.
1: ADC0 Enabled. ADC0 is active and ready for data conversions.
6
BURSTEN ADC0 Burst Mode Enable Bit.
0: Burst Mode Disabled.
1: Burst Mode Enabled.
5
AD0INT
ADC0 Conversion Complete Interrupt Flag.
0: ADC0 has not completed a data conversion since AD0INT was last cleared.
1: ADC0 has completed a data conversion.
4
AD0BUSY
ADC0 Busy Bit.
Read:
Write:
0: ADC0 conversion is not 0: No Effect.
in progress.
1: Initiates ADC0 Conver1: ADC0 conversion is in
sion if AD0CM[1:0] = 00b
progress.
3
AD0WINT
ADC0 Window Compare Interrupt Flag.
This bit must be cleared by software
0: ADC0 Window Comparison Data match has not occurred since this flag was last
cleared.
1: ADC0 Window Comparison Data match has occurred.
2
AD0LJST
ADC0 Left Justify Select Bit.
0: Data in ADC0H:ADC0L registers is right-justified
1: Data in ADC0H:ADC0L registers is left-justified. This option should not be used
with a repeat count greater than 1 (when AD0RPT[1:0] is 01b, 10b, or 11b).
1:0 AD0CM[1:0] ADC0 Start of Conversion Mode Select.
00: ADC0 start-of-conversion source is write of 1 to AD0BUSY.
01: ADC0 start-of-conversion source is overflow of Timer 1.
10: ADC0 start-of-conversion source is rising edge of external CNVSTR.
11: ADC0 start-of-conversion source is overflow of Timer 2.
Rev. 1.2
67
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 6.8. ADC0TK: ADC0 Tracking Mode Select
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Name
AD0PWR[3:0]
AD0TM[1:0]
AD0TK[1:0]
Type
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset
1
1
1
1
SFR Address = 0xBA; SFR Page = 0x00;
Bit
Name
7:4
1
1
1
1
Function
AD0PWR[3:0] ADC0 Burst Power-Up Time.
For BURSTEN = 0: ADC0 Power state controlled by AD0EN
For BURSTEN = 1, AD0EN = 1: ADC0 remains enabled and does not enter the
very low power state
For BURSTEN = 1, AD0EN = 0: ADC0 enters the very low power state and is
enabled after each convert start signal. The Power-Up time is programmed according the following equation:
Tstartup
AD0PWR = ------------------------ – 1 or Tstartup =  AD0PWR + 1 200ns
200ns
3:2
AD0TM[1:0]
ADC0 Tracking Mode Enable Select Bits.
00: Reserved.
01: ADC0 is configured to Post-Tracking Mode.
10: ADC0 is configured to Pre-Tracking Mode.
11: ADC0 is configured to Dual Tracking Mode.
1:0
AD0TK[1:0]
ADC0 Post-Track Time.
00: Post-Tracking time is equal to 2 SAR clock cycles + 2 FCLK cycles.
01: Post-Tracking time is equal to 4 SAR clock cycles + 2 FCLK cycles.
10: Post-Tracking time is equal to 8 SAR clock cycles + 2 FCLK cycles.
11: Post-Tracking time is equal to 16 SAR clock cycles + 2 FCLK cycles.
6.4. Programmable Window Detector
The ADC Programmable Window Detector continuously compares the ADC0 output registers to user-programmed limits, and notifies the system when a desired condition is detected. This is especially effective in
an interrupt-driven system, saving code space and CPU bandwidth while delivering faster system
response times. The window detector interrupt flag (AD0WINT in register ADC0CN) can also be used in
polled mode. The ADC0 Greater-Than (ADC0GTH, ADC0GTL) and Less-Than (ADC0LTH, ADC0LTL)
registers hold the comparison values. The window detector flag can be programmed to indicate when measured data is inside or outside of the user-programmed limits, depending on the contents of the ADC0
Less-Than and ADC0 Greater-Than registers.
68
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 6.9. ADC0GTH: ADC0 Greater-Than Data High Byte
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
Name
ADC0GTH[7:0]
Type
R/W
Reset
1
1
1
1
1
SFR Address = 0xC4; SFR Page = 0x00
Bit
Name
2
1
0
1
1
1
2
1
0
1
1
1
Function
7:0 ADC0GTH[7:0] ADC0 Greater-Than Data Word High-Order Bits.
SFR Definition 6.10. ADC0GTL: ADC0 Greater-Than Data Low Byte
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
Name
ADC0GTL[7:0]
Type
R/W
Reset
1
1
1
1
SFR Address = 0xC3; SFR Page = 0x00
Bit
Name
7:0
1
Function
ADC0GTL[7:0] ADC0 Greater-Than Data Word Low-Order Bits.
Rev. 1.2
69
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 6.11. ADC0LTH: ADC0 Less-Than Data High Byte
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
Name
ADC0LTH[7:0]
Type
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0xC6; SFR Page = 0x00
Bit
Name
7:0
2
1
0
0
0
0
2
1
0
0
0
0
Function
ADC0LTH[7:0] ADC0 Less-Than Data Word High-Order Bits.
SFR Definition 6.12. ADC0LTL: ADC0 Less-Than Data Low Byte
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
Name
ADC0LTL[7:0]
Type
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0xC5; SFR Page = 0x00
Bit
Name
7:0
0
Function
ADC0LTL[7:0] ADC0 Less-Than Data Word Low-Order Bits.
6.4.1. Window Detector In Single-Ended Mode
Figure 6.6
shows
two
example
window
comparisons
for
right-justified
data
with
ADC0LTH:ADC0LTL = 0x0200 (512d) and ADC0GTH:ADC0GTL = 0x0100 (256d). The input voltage can
range from 0 to VREF x (4095/4096) with respect to GND, and is represented by a 12-bit unsigned integer
value. The repeat count is set to one. In the left example, an AD0WINT interrupt will be generated if the
ADC0 conversion word (ADC0H:ADC0L) is within the range defined by ADC0GTH:ADC0GTL and
ADC0LTH:ADC0LTL (if 0x0100 < ADC0H:ADC0L < 0x0200). In the right example, and AD0WINT interrupt
will be generated if the ADC0 conversion word is outside of the range defined by the ADC0GT and
ADC0LT registers (if ADC0H:ADC0L < 0x0100 or ADC0H:ADC0L > 0x0200). Figure 6.7 shows an example using left-justified data with the same comparison values.
70
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
ADC0H:ADC0L
ADC0H:ADC0L
Input Voltage
(Px.x - GND)
VREF x (4095/4096)
Input Voltage
(Px.x - GND)
VREF x (1023/
1024)
0x0FFF
0x0FFF
AD0WINT
not affected
AD0WINT=1
0x0201
VREF x (512/4096)
0x0200
0x0201
ADC0LTH:ADC0LTL
VREF x (512/4096)
0x01FF
0x0200
0x01FF
AD0WINT=1
0x0101
VREF x (256/4096)
0x0100
0x0101
ADC0GTH:ADC0GTL
VREF x (256/4096)
0x00FF
0x0100
ADC0GTH:ADC0GTL
AD0WINT
not affected
ADC0LTH:ADC0LTL
0x00FF
AD0WINT=1
AD0WINT
not affected
0
0x0000
0
0x0000
Figure 6.6. ADC Window Compare Example: Right-Justified Data
ADC0H:ADC0L
ADC0H:ADC0L
Input Voltage
(Px.x - GND)
VREF x (4095/4096)
Input Voltage
(Px.x - GND)
VREF x (4095/4096)
0xFFF0
0xFFF0
AD0WINT
not affected
AD0WINT=1
0x2010
VREF x (512/4096)
0x2000
0x2010
ADC0LTH:ADC0LTL
VREF x (512/4096)
0x1FF0
0x2000
0x1FF0
AD0WINT=1
0x1010
VREF x (256/4096)
0x1000
0x1010
ADC0GTH:ADC0GTL
VREF x (256/4096)
0x0FF0
0x1000
ADC0GTH:ADC0GTL
AD0WINT
not affected
ADC0LTH:ADC0LTL
0x0FF0
AD0WINT=1
AD0WINT
not affected
0
0x0000
0
0x0000
Figure 6.7. ADC Window Compare Example: Left-Justified Data
Rev. 1.2
71
C8051F58x/F59x
6.5. ADC0 Analog Multiplexer
ADC0 includes an analog multiplexer to enable multiple analog input sources. Any of the following may be
selected as an input: P0.0–P3.7, the on-chip temperature sensor, the core power supply (VDD), or ground
(GND). ADC0 is single-ended and all signals measured are with respect to GND. The ADC0 input
channels are selected using the ADC0MX register as described in SFR Definition 6.13.
ADC0MX5
ADC0MX4
ADC0MX3
ADC0MX2
ADC0MX1
ADC0MX0
ADC0MX
P0.0
P0.7
P1.0
P1.7
P2.0
P2.7
AMUX
ADC0
P3.0
P3.7
Temp
Sensor
*P3.1-P3.7 available as inputs on
48-pin and 40-pin packages
VDD
GND
Figure 6.8. ADC0 Multiplexer Block Diagram
Important Note About ADC0 Input Configuration: Port pins selected as ADC0 inputs should be configured as analog inputs, and should be skipped by the Digital Crossbar. To configure a Port pin for analog
input, set to 0 the corresponding bit in register PnMDIN. To force the Crossbar to skip a Port pin, set to 1
the corresponding bit in register PnSKIP. See Section “20. Port Input/Output” on page 186 for more Port
I/O configuration details.
72
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 6.13. ADC0MX: ADC0 Channel Select
Bit
Name
Type
Reset
7
6
5
4
R
0
R
0
1
1
SFR Address = 0xBB; SFR Page = 0x00;
Bit
Name
3
2
ADC0MX[5:0]
R/W
1
1
1
0
1
1
Function
7:6
Unused
Read = 00b; Write = Don’t Care.
5:0 AMX0P[5:0] AMUX0 Positive Input Selection.
000000:
000001:
000010:
000011:
000100:
000101:
000110:
000111:
001000:
001001:
001010:
001011:
001100:
001101:
001110:
001111:
010000:
010001:
010010:
010011:
010100:
010101:
010110:
010111:
011000:
011001:
011010:
011011:
011100:
011101:
011110:
011111:
100000–101111:
110000:
110001:
110010–111111:
P0.0
P0.1
P0.2
P0.3
P0.4
P0.5
P0.6
P0.7
P1.0
P1.1
P1.2
P1.3
P1.4
P1.5
P1.6
P1.7
P2.0
P2.1
P2.2
P2.3
P2.4
P2.5
P2.6
P2.7
P3.0
P3.1 (Available on 48-pin and 40-pin package devices)
P3.2 (Available on 48-pin and 40-pin package devices)
P3.3 (Available on 48-pin and 40-pin package devices)
P3.4 (Available on 48-pin and 40-pin package devices)
P3.5 (Available on 48-pin and 40-pin package devices)
P3.6 (Available on 48-pin and 40-pin package devices)
P3.7 (Available on 48-pin and 40-pin package devices)
Reserved
Temp Sensor
VDD
GND
Rev. 1.2
73
C8051F58x/F59x
7. Temperature Sensor
An on-chip temperature sensor is included on the C8051F58x/F59x devices which can be directly
accessed via the ADC multiplexer in single-ended configuration. To use the ADC to measure the temperature sensor, the ADC multiplexer channel should be configured to connect to the temperature sensor. The
temperature sensor transfer function is shown in Figure 7.1. The output voltage (VTEMP) is the positive
ADC input is selected by bits AD0MX[4:0] in register ADC0MX. The TEMPE bit in register REF0CN
enables/disables the temperature sensor, as described in SFR Definition 8.1. While disabled, the temperature sensor defaults to a high impedance state and any ADC measurements performed on the sensor will
result in meaningless data. Refer to Table 5.10 for the slope and offset parameters of the temperature sensor.
VTEMP = (Slope x TempC) + Offset
TempC = (VTEMP - Offset) / Slope
Voltage
Slope (V / deg C)
Offset (V at 0 Celsius)
Temperature
Figure 7.1. Temperature Sensor Transfer Function
74
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
8. Voltage Reference
The Voltage reference multiplexer on the C8051F58x/F59x devices is configurable to use an externally
connected voltage reference, the on-chip reference voltage generator routed to the VREF pin, or the VDD
power supply voltage (see Figure 8.1). The REFSL bit in the Reference Control register (REF0CN, SFR
Definition 8.1) selects the reference source for the ADC. For an external source or the on-chip reference,
REFSL should be set to 0 to select the VREF pin. To use VDD as the reference source, REFSL should be
set to 1.
The BIASE bit enables the internal voltage bias generator, which is used by the ADC, Temperature Sensor,
and internal oscillator. This bias is automatically enabled when any peripheral which requires it is enabled,
and it does not need to be enabled manually. The bias generator may be enabled manually by writing a 1
to the BIASE bit in register REF0CN. The electrical specifications for the voltage reference circuit are given
in Table 5.11.
The on-chip voltage reference circuit consists of a temperature stable bandgap voltage reference generator and a gain-of-two output buffer amplifier. The output voltage is selectable between 1.5 V and 2.25 V.
The on-chip voltage reference can be driven on the VREF pin by setting the REFBE bit in register REF0CN
to a 1. The maximum load seen by the VREF pin must be less than 200 µA to GND. Bypass capacitors of
0.1 µF and 4.7 µF are recommended from the VREF pin to GND. If the on-chip reference is not used, the
REFBE bit should be cleared to 0. Electrical specifications for the on-chip voltage reference are given in
Table 5.11.
Important Note about the VREF Pin: When using either an external voltage reference or the on-chip reference circuitry, the VREF pin should be configured as an analog pin and skipped by the Digital Crossbar.
Refer to Section “20. Port Input/Output” on page 186 for the location of the VREF pin, as well as details of
how to configure the pin in analog mode and to be skipped by the crossbar.
REFSL
TEMPE
BIASE
REFBE
REF0CN
EN
VDD
External
Voltage
Reference
Circuit
R1
Bias Generator
To ADC, Internal
Oscillators
IOSCE
N
EN
VREF
Temp Sensor
To Analog Mux
0
VREF
(to ADC)
GND
VDD
1
REFBE
4.7F
+
0.1F
EN
Internal
Reference
Recommended Bypass
Capacitors
Figure 8.1. Voltage Reference Functional Block Diagram
Rev. 1.2
75
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 8.1. REF0CN: Reference Control
Bit
7
6
Name
5
4
3
2
1
0
ZTCEN
REFLV
REFSL
TEMPE
BIASE
REFBE
Type
R
R
R
R
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0xD1; SFR Page = 0x00
Bit
Name
Function
7:6
Unused
Read = 00b; Write = don’t care.
5
ZTCEN
Zero Temperature Coefficient Bias Enable Bit.
This bit must be set to 1b before entering oscillator suspend mode.
0: ZeroTC Bias Generator automatically enabled when required.
1: ZeroTC Bias Generator forced on.
4
REFLV
Voltage Reference Output Level Select.
This bit selects the output voltage level for the internal voltage reference
0: Internal voltage reference set to 1.5 V.
1: Internal voltage reference set to 2.20 V.
3
REFSL
Voltage Reference Select.
This bit selects the ADCs voltage reference.
0: VREF pin used as voltage reference.
1: VDD used as voltage reference.
2
TEMPE
Temperature Sensor Enable Bit.
0: Internal Temperature Sensor off.
1: Internal Temperature Sensor on.
1
BIASE
Internal Analog Bias Generator Enable Bit.
0: Internal Bias Generator off.
1: Internal Bias Generator on.
0
REFBE
On-chip Reference Buffer Enable Bit.
0: On-chip Reference Buffer off.
1: On-chip Reference Buffer on. Internal voltage reference driven on the VREF pin.
76
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
9. Comparators
The C8051F58x/F59x devices include three on-chip programmable voltage Comparators. A block diagram
of the comparators is shown in Figure 9.1, where “n” is the comparator number (0, 1, or 2). The three Comparators operate identically except that Comparator0 can also be used a reset source.
Each Comparator offers programmable response time and hysteresis, an analog input multiplexer, and two
outputs that are optionally available at the Port pins: a synchronous “latched” output (CP0, CP1, CP2), or
an asynchronous “raw” output (CP0A, CP1A, CP2A). The asynchronous signal is available even when the
system clock is not active. This allows the Comparators to operate and generate an output with the device
in STOP mode. When assigned to a Port pin, the Comparator outputs may be configured as open drain or
push-pull (see Section “20.4. Port I/O Initialization” on page 193). Comparator0 may also be used as a
reset source (see Section “17.5. Comparator0 Reset” on page 154).
The Comparator0 inputs are selected in the CPT0MX register (SFR Definition 9.7). The CMX0P1-CMX0P0
bits select the Comparator0 positive input; the CMX0N1-CMX0N0 bits select the Comparator0 negative
input. The Comparator1 inputs are selected in the CPT1MX register (SFR Definition 9.8). The CMX1P1CMX1P0 bits select the Comparator1 positive input; the CMX1N1-CMX1N0 bits select the Comparator1
negative input. The Comparator2 inputs are selected in the CPT2MX register (SFR Definition 9.9). The
CMX2P1-CMX2P0 bits select the Comparator1 positive input; the CMX2N1-CMX2N0 bits select the
Comparator2 negative input.
Important Note About Comparator Inputs: The Port pins selected as Comparator inputs should be configured as analog inputs in their associated Port configuration register, and configured to be skipped by the
Crossbar (for details on Port configuration, see Section “20.1. Port I/O Modes of Operation” on page 188).
CPTnCN
CPnEN
CPnOUT
CPnRIF
CPnFIF
CPnHYP1
CPnHYP0
CPnHYN1
CPnHYN0
VIO
CPn +
Comparator
Input Mux
+
CPn -
CPn
D
-
SET
CLR
D
Q
Q
SET
CLR
Q
Q
Crossbar
(SYNCHRONIZER)
CPnA
GND
CPTnMD
CPnRIE
CPnFIE
CPnMD1
CPnMD0
Reset
Decision
Tree
CPnRIF
CPnFIF
0
CPnEN
EA
1
0
0
0
1
1
CPn
Interrupt
1
Figure 9.1. Comparator Functional Block Diagram
Rev. 1.2
77
C8051F58x/F59x
Comparator outputs can be polled in software, used as an interrupt source, and/or routed to a Port pin.
When routed to a Port pin, Comparator outputs are available asynchronous or synchronous to the system
clock; the asynchronous output is available even in STOP mode (with no system clock active). When disabled, the Comparator output (if assigned to a Port I/O pin via the Crossbar) defaults to the logic low state,
and the power supply to the comparator is turned off. See Section “20.3. Priority Crossbar Decoder” on
page 190 for details on configuring Comparator outputs via the digital Crossbar. Comparator inputs can be
externally driven from –0.25 V to (VDD) + 0.25 V without damage or upset. The complete Comparator electrical specifications are given in Table 5.12.
The Comparator response time may be configured in software via the CPTnMD registers (see SFR Definition 9.2). Selecting a longer response time reduces the Comparator supply current. See Table 5.12 for
complete timing and supply current requirements.
VIN+
VIN-
CPn+
CPn-
+
CPn
_
OUT
CIRCUIT CONFIGURATION
Positive Hysteresis Voltage
(Programmed with CPnHYP Bits)
VIN-
INPUTS
Negative Hysteresis Voltage
(Programmed by CPnHYN Bits)
VIN+
VOH
OUTPUT
VOL
Negative Hysteresis
Disabled
Positive Hysteresis
Disabled
Maximum
Negative Hysteresis
Maximum
Positive Hysteresis
Figure 9.2. Comparator Hysteresis Plot
Comparator hysteresis is software-programmable via its Comparator Control register CPTnCN.
The amount of negative hysteresis voltage is determined by the settings of the CPnHYN bits. As shown in
Figure 9.2, various levels of negative hysteresis can be programmed, or negative hysteresis can be disabled. In a similar way, the amount of positive hysteresis is determined by the setting the CPnHYP bits.
Comparator interrupts can be generated on both rising-edge and falling-edge output transitions. (For Interrupt enable and priority control, see “14. Interrupts” .) The CPnFIF flag is set to 1 upon a Comparator falling-edge, and the CPnRIF flag is set to 1 upon the Comparator rising-edge. Once set, these bits remain
set until cleared by software. The output state of the Comparator can be obtained at any time by reading
the CPnOUT bit. The Comparator is enabled by setting the CPnEN bit to 1, and is disabled by clearing this
bit to 0.
78
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
Note that false rising edges and falling edges can be detected when the comparator is first powered on or
if changes are made to the hysteresis or response time control bits. Therefore, it is recommended that the
rising-edge and falling-edge flags be explicitly cleared to logic 0 a short time after the comparator is
enabled or its mode bits have been changed.
SFR Definition 9.1. CPT0CN: Comparator0 Control
Bit
7
6
5
4
Name
CP0EN
CP0OUT
CP0RIF
CP0FIF
CP0HYP[1:0]
CP0HYN[1:0]
Type
R/W
R
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0x9A; SFR Page = 0x00
Bit
Name
7
CP0EN
3
2
0
0
1
0
0
0
Function
Comparator0 Enable Bit.
0: Comparator0 Disabled.
1: Comparator0 Enabled.
6
CP0OUT
Comparator0 Output State Flag.
0: Voltage on CP0+ < CP0–.
1: Voltage on CP0+ > CP0–.
5
CP0RIF
Comparator0 Rising-Edge Flag. Must be cleared by software.
0: No Comparator0 Rising Edge has occurred since this flag was last cleared.
1: Comparator0 Rising Edge has occurred.
4
CP0FIF
Comparator0 Falling-Edge Flag. Must be cleared by software.
0: No Comparator0 Falling-Edge has occurred since this flag was last cleared.
1: Comparator0 Falling-Edge has occurred.
3:2 CP0HYP[1:0] Comparator0 Positive Hysteresis Control Bits.
00: Positive Hysteresis Disabled.
01: Positive Hysteresis = 5 mV.
10: Positive Hysteresis = 10 mV.
11: Positive Hysteresis = 20 mV.
1:0 CP0HYN[1:0] Comparator0 Negative Hysteresis Control Bits.
00: Negative Hysteresis Disabled.
01: Negative Hysteresis = 5 mV.
10: Negative Hysteresis = 10 mV.
11: Negative Hysteresis = 20 mV.
Rev. 1.2
79
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 9.2. CPT0MD: Comparator0 Mode Selection
Bit
7
6
Name
5
4
CP0RIE
CP0FIE
3
2
R
R
R/W
R/W
R
R
Reset
0
0
0
0
0
0
Unused
Read = 00b, Write = Don’t Care.
5
CP0RIE
Comparator0 Rising-Edge Interrupt Enable.
0: Comparator0 Rising-edge interrupt disabled.
1: Comparator0 Rising-edge interrupt enabled.
4
CP0FIE
Comparator0 Falling-Edge Interrupt Enable.
0: Comparator0 Falling-edge interrupt disabled.
1: Comparator0 Falling-edge interrupt enabled.
3:2
Unused
Read = 00b, Write = don’t care.
80
R/W
1
Function
7:6
1:0
0
CP0MD[1:0]
Type
SFR Address = 0x9B; SFR Page = 0x00
Bit
Name
1
CP0MD[1:0] Comparator0 Mode Select.
These bits affect the response time and power consumption for Comparator0.
00: Mode 0 (Fastest Response Time, Highest Power Consumption)
01: Mode 1
10: Mode 2
11: Mode 3 (Slowest Response Time, Lowest Power Consumption)
Rev. 1.2
0
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 9.3. CPT1CN: Comparator1 Control
Bit
7
6
5
4
Name
CP1EN
CP1OUT
CP1RIF
CP1FIF
CP1HYP[1:0]
CP1HYN[1:0]
Type
R/W
R
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0x9D; SFR Page = 0x00
Bit
Name
7
CP1EN
3
2
0
0
1
0
0
0
Function
Comparator1 Enable Bit.
0: Comparator1 Disabled.
1: Comparator1 Enabled.
6
CP1OUT
Comparator1 Output State Flag.
0: Voltage on CP1+ < CP1–.
1: Voltage on CP1+ > CP1–.
5
CP1RIF
Comparator1 Rising-Edge Flag. Must be cleared by software.
0: No Comparator1 Rising Edge has occurred since this flag was last cleared.
1: Comparator1 Rising Edge has occurred.
4
CP1FIF
Comparator1 Falling-Edge Flag. Must be cleared by software.
0: No Comparator1 Falling-Edge has occurred since this flag was last cleared.
1: Comparator1 Falling-Edge has occurred.
3:2 CP1HYP[1:0] Comparator1 Positive Hysteresis Control Bits.
00: Positive Hysteresis Disabled.
01: Positive Hysteresis = 5 mV.
10: Positive Hysteresis = 10 mV.
11: Positive Hysteresis = 20 mV.
1:0 CP1HYN[1:0] Comparator1 Negative Hysteresis Control Bits.
00: Negative Hysteresis Disabled.
01: Negative Hysteresis = 5 mV.
10: Negative Hysteresis = 10 mV.
11: Negative Hysteresis = 20 mV.
Rev. 1.2
81
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 9.4. CPT1MD: Comparator1 Mode Selection
Bit
7
6
Name
5
4
CP1RIE
CP1FIE
3
2
R
R
R/W
R/W
R
R
Reset
0
0
0
0
0
0
Unused
Read = 00b, Write = Don’t Care.
5
CP1RIE
Comparator1 Rising-Edge Interrupt Enable.
0: Comparator1 Rising-edge interrupt disabled.
1: Comparator1 Rising-edge interrupt enabled.
4
CP1FIE
Comparator1 Falling-Edge Interrupt Enable.
0: Comparator1 Falling-edge interrupt disabled.
1: Comparator1 Falling-edge interrupt enabled.
3:2
Unused
Read = 00b, Write = don’t care.
82
R/W
1
Function
7:6
1:0
0
CP1MD[1:0]
Type
SFR Address = 0x9E; SFR Page = 0x00
Bit
Name
1
CP1MD[1:0] Comparator1 Mode Select.
These bits affect the response time and power consumption for Comparator1.
00: Mode 0 (Fastest Response Time, Highest Power Consumption)
01: Mode 1
10: Mode 2
11: Mode 3 (Slowest Response Time, Lowest Power Consumption)
Rev. 1.2
0
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 9.5. CPT2CN: Comparator2 Control
Bit
7
6
5
4
Name
CP2EN
CP2OUT
CP2RIF
CP2FIF
CP2HYP[1:0]
CP2HYN[1:0]
Type
R/W
R
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0x9A; SFR Page = 0x10
Bit
Name
7
CP2EN
3
2
0
0
1
0
0
0
Function
Comparator2 Enable Bit.
0: Comparator2 Disabled.
1: Comparator2 Enabled.
6
CP2OUT
Comparator2 Output State Flag.
0: Voltage on CP2+ < CP2–.
1: Voltage on CP2+ > CP2–.
5
CP2RIF
Comparator2 Rising-Edge Flag. Must be cleared by software.
0: No Comparator2 Rising Edge has occurred since this flag was last cleared.
1: Comparator2 Rising Edge has occurred.
4
CP2FIF
Comparator2 Falling-Edge Flag. Must be cleared by software.
0: No Comparator2 Falling-Edge has occurred since this flag was last cleared.
1: Comparator2 Falling-Edge has occurred.
3:2 CP2HYP[1:0] Comparator2 Positive Hysteresis Control Bits.
00: Positive Hysteresis Disabled.
01: Positive Hysteresis = 5 mV.
10: Positive Hysteresis = 10 mV.
11: Positive Hysteresis = 20 mV.
1:0 CP2HYN[1:0] Comparator2 Negative Hysteresis Control Bits.
00: Negative Hysteresis Disabled.
01: Negative Hysteresis = 5 mV.
10: Negative Hysteresis = 10 mV.
11: Negative Hysteresis = 20 mV.
Rev. 1.2
83
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 9.6. CPT2MD: Comparator2 Mode Selection
Bit
7
6
Name
5
4
CP2RIE
CP2FIE
3
2
R
R
R/W
R/W
R
R
Reset
0
0
0
0
0
0
Unused
Read = 00b, Write = Don’t Care.
5
CP2RIE
Comparator2 Rising-Edge Interrupt Enable.
0: Comparator2 Rising-edge interrupt disabled.
1: Comparator2 Rising-edge interrupt enabled.
4
CP2FIE
Comparator2 Falling-Edge Interrupt Enable.
0: Comparator2 Falling-edge interrupt disabled.
1: Comparator2 Falling-edge interrupt enabled.
3:2
Unused
Read = 00b, Write = don’t care.
84
R/W
1
Function
7:6
1:0
0
CP2MD[1:0]
Type
SFR Address = 0x9B; SFR Page = 0x10
Bit
Name
1
CP2MD[1:0] Comparator2 Mode Select.
These bits affect the response time and power consumption for Comparator2.
00: Mode 0 (Fastest Response Time, Highest Power Consumption)
01: Mode 1
10: Mode 2
11: Mode 3 (Slowest Response Time, Lowest Power Consumption)
Rev. 1.2
0
C8051F58x/F59x
9.1. Comparator Multiplexer
C8051F58x/F59x devices include an analog input multiplexer for each of the comparators to connect Port
I/O pins to the comparator inputs. The Comparator0 inputs are selected in the CPT0MX register (SFR Definition 9.7). The CMX0P3–CMX0P0 bits select the Comparator0 positive input; the CMX0N3–CMX0N0 bits
select the Comparator0 negative input. Similarly, the Comparator1 inputs are selected in the CPT1MX register using the CMX1P3-CMX1P0 bits and CMX1N3-CMX1N0 bits, and the Comparator2 inputs are
selected in the CPT2MX register using the CMX2P3-CMX2P0 bits and CMX2N3-CMX2N0 bits. The same
pins are available to both multiplexers at the same time and can be used by all comparators simultaneously.
Important Note About Comparator Inputs: The Port pins selected as comparator inputs should be configured as analog inputs in their associated Port configuration register, and configured to be skipped by the
Crossbar (for details on Port configuration, see Section “20.6. Special Function Registers for Accessing
and Configuring Port I/O” on page 202).
CPTnMX
CMXnN3
CMXnN2
CMXnN1
CMXnN0
CMXnP3
CMXnP2
CMXnP1
CMXnP0
P0.0
VDD
P0.2
P0.1
P0.4
CPn +
P0.3
P0.6
P0.5
P1.0
+
P1.2
-
P0.7
P1.1
P1.4
P1.3
GND
P1.6
P1.5
P2.0
P1.7
P2.2
P2.1
P2.4
P2.3
P2.6
P2.5
P2.7
CPn -
Figure 9.3. Comparator Input Multiplexer Block Diagram
Rev. 1.2
85
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 9.7. CPT0MX: Comparator0 MUX Selection
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Name
CMX0N[3:0]
CMX0P[3:0]
Type
R/W
R/W
Reset
0
1
1
1
SFR Address = 0x9C; SFR Page = 0x00
Bit
Name
7:4
3:0
86
0
Function
CMX0N[3:0] Comparator0 Negative Input MUX Selection.
0000:
P0.1
0001:
P0.3
0010:
P0.5
0011:
P0.7
0100:
P1.1
0101:
P1.3
0110:
P1.5
0111:
P1.7
1000:
P2.1
1001:
P2.3
1010:
P2.5
1011:
P2.7
1100–1111:
None
CMX0P[3:0] Comparator0 Positive Input MUX Selection.
0000:
P0.0
0001:
P0.2
0010:
P0.4
0011:
P0.6
0100:
P1.0
0101:
P1.2
0110:
P1.4
0111:
P1.6
1000:
P2.0
1001:
P2.2
1010:
P2.4
1011:
P2.6
1100–1111:
None
Rev. 1.2
1
1
0
1
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 9.8. CPT1MX: Comparator1 MUX Selection
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Name
CMX1N[3:0]
CMX1P[3:0]
Type
R/W
R/W
Reset
0
1
1
1
SFR Address = 0x9F; SFR Page = 0x00
Bit
Name
7:4
3:0
0
1
1
0
1
Function
CMX1N[3:0] Comparator1 Negative Input MUX Selection.
0000:
P0.1
0001:
P0.3
0010:
P0.5
0011:
P0.7
0100:
P1.1
0101:
P1.3
0110:
P1.5
0111:
P1.7
1000:
P2.1
1001:
P2.3
1010:
P2.5
1011:
P2.7
1100–1111:
None
CMX1P[3:0] Comparator1 Positive Input MUX Selection.
0000:
P0.0
0001:
P0.2
0010:
P0.4
0011:
P0.6
0100:
P1.0
0101:
P1.2
0110:
P1.4
0111:
P1.6
1000:
P2.0
1001:
P2.2
1010:
P2.4
1011:
P2.6
1100–1111:
None
Rev. 1.2
87
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 9.9. CPT2MX: Comparator2 MUX Selection
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Name
CMX2N[3:0]
CMX2P[3:0]
Type
R/W
R/W
Reset
0
1
1
1
SFR Address = 0x9C; SFR Page = 0x10
Bit
Name
7:4
3:0
88
0
Function
CMX2N[3:0] Comparator2 Negative Input MUX Selection.
0000:
P0.1
0001:
P0.3
0010:
P0.5
0011:
P0.7
0100:
P1.1
0101:
P1.3
0110:
P1.5
0111:
P1.7
1000:
P2.1
1001:
P2.3
1010:
P2.5
1011:
P2.7
1100–1111:
None
CMX2P[3:0] Comparator2 Positive Input MUX Selection.
0000:
P0.0
0001:
P0.2
0010:
P0.4
0011:
P0.6
0100:
P1.0
0101:
P1.2
0110:
P1.4
0111:
P1.6
1000:
P2.0
1001:
P2.2
1010:
P2.4
1011:
P2.6
1100–1111:
None
Rev. 1.2
1
1
0
1
C8051F58x/F59x
10. Voltage Regulator (REG0)
C8051F58x/F59x devices include an on-chip low dropout voltage regulator (REG0). The input to REG0 at
the VREGIN pin can be as high as 5.25 V. The output can be selected by software to 2.1 V or 2.6 V. When
enabled, the output of REG0 appears on the VDD pin, powers the microcontroller core, and can be used to
power external devices. On reset, REG0 is enabled and can be disabled by software.
The Voltage regulator can generate an interrupt (if enabled by EREG0, EIE2.0) that is triggered whenever
the VREGIN input voltage drops below the dropout threshold voltage. This dropout interrupt has no pending
flag and the recommended procedure to use it is as follows:
1. Wait enough time to ensure the VREGIN input voltage is stable
2. Enable the dropout interrupt (EREG0, EIE2.0) and select the proper priority (PREG0, EIP2.0)
3. If triggered, inside the interrupt disable it (clear EREG0, EIE2.0), execute all procedures necessary to
protect your application (put it in a safe mode and leave the interrupt now disabled.
4. In the main application, now running in the safe mode, regularly checks the DROPOUT bit
(REG0CN.0). Once it is cleared by the regulator hardware the application can enable the interrupt
again (EREG0, EIE1.6) and return to the normal mode operation.
The input (VREGIN) and output (VDD) of the voltage regulator should both be bypassed with a large capacitor (4.7 µF + 0.1 µF) to ground as shown in Figure 10.1 below. This capacitor will eliminate power spikes
and provide any immediate power required by the microcontroller. The settling time associated with the
voltage regulator is shown in Table X.
REG0
VREGIN
.1 µF
4.7 µF
VDD
VDD
4.7 µF
.1 µF
Figure 10.1. External Capacitors for Voltage Regulator Input/Output—Regulator Enabled
Rev. 1.2
89
C8051F58x/F59x
If the internal voltage regulator is not used, the VREGIN input should be tied to VDD, as shown in
Figure 10.2.
VREGIN
VDD
VDD
4.7 µF
.1 µF
Figure 10.2. External Capacitors for Voltage Regulator
Input/Output—Regulator Disabled
SFR Definition 10.1. REG0CN: Regulator Control
Bit
7
6
5
4
Name
REGDIS
Reserved
Type
R/W
R/W
R
R/W
R
R
R
R
Reset
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
REGDIS
Reserved
5
Unused
4
REG0MD
Function
Voltage Regulator Disable Bit.
Read = 1b; Must Write 1b.
Read = 0b; Write = Don’t Care.
Voltage Regulator Mode Select Bit.
0: Voltage Regulator Output is 2.1V.
1: Voltage Regulator Output is 2.6V.
3:1
Unused
0
DROPOUT
Read = 000b. Write = Don’t Care.
Voltage Regulator Dropout Indicator.
0: Voltage Regulator is not in dropout
1: Voltage Regulator is in or near dropout.
90
1
Rev. 1.2
0
DROPOUT
0: Voltage Regulator Enabled
1: Voltage Regulator Disabled
6
2
REG0MD
SFR Address = 0xC9; SFR Page = 0x00
Bit
Name
7
3
C8051F58x/F59x
11. CIP-51 Microcontroller
The MCU system controller core is the CIP-51 microcontroller. The CIP-51 is fully compatible with the
MCS-51™ instruction set; standard 803x/805x assemblers and compilers can be used to develop software. The MCU family has a superset of all the peripherals included with a standard 8051. The CIP-51
also includes on-chip debug hardware (see description in “C2 Interface” on page 349), and interfaces
directly with the analog and digital subsystems providing a complete data acquisition or control-system
solution in a single integrated circuit.
The CIP-51 Microcontroller core implements the standard 8051 organization and peripherals as well as
additional custom peripherals and functions to extend its capability (see Figure 11.1 for a block diagram).
The CIP-51 includes the following features:








Fully Compatible with MCS-51 Instruction Set
50 MIPS Peak Throughput with 50 MHz Clock
0 to 50 MHz Clock Frequency
Extended Interrupt Handler
Reset Input
Power Management Modes
On-chip Debug Logic
Program and Data Memory Security
11.1. Performance
The CIP-51 employs a pipelined architecture that greatly increases its instruction throughput over the standard 8051 architecture. In a standard 8051, all instructions except for MUL and DIV take 12 or 24 system
clock cycles to execute, and usually have a maximum system clock of 12 MHz. By contrast, the CIP-51
core executes 70% of its instructions in one or two system clock cycles, with no instructions taking more
than eight system clock cycles.
Rev. 1.2
91
C8051F58x/F59x
D8
D8
ACCUMULATOR
STACK POINTER
TMP1
TMP2
SRAM
ADDRESS
REGISTER
PSW
D8
D8
D8
ALU
SRAM
D8
DATA BUS
B REGISTER
D8
D8
D8
DATA BUS
DATA BUS
SFR_ADDRESS
BUFFER
D8
D8
DATA POINTER
D8
SFR
BUS
INTERFACE
SFR_CONTROL
SFR_WRITE_DATA
SFR_READ_DATA
DATA BUS
PC INCREMENTER
PROGRAM COUNTER (PC)
PRGM. ADDRESS REG.
MEM_ADDRESS
D8
MEM_CONTROL
A16
MEMORY
INTERFACE
MEM_WRITE_DATA
MEM_READ_DATA
PIPELINE
RESET
D8
CONTROL
LOGIC
SYSTEM_IRQs
CLOCK
D8
STOP
IDLE
POWER CONTROL
REGISTER
INTERRUPT
INTERFACE
EMULATION_IRQ
D8
Figure 11.1. CIP-51 Block Diagram
With the CIP-51's maximum system clock at 50 MHz, it has a peak throughput of 50 MIPS. The CIP-51 has
a total of 109 instructions. The table below shows the total number of instructions that require each execution time.
Clocks to Execute
1
2
2/3
3
3/4
4
4/5
5
8
Number of Instructions
26
50
5
14
7
3
1
2
1
Programming and Debugging Support
In-system programming of the Flash program memory and communication with on-chip debug support
logic is accomplished via the Silicon Labs 2-Wire Development Interface (C2).
The on-chip debug support logic facilitates full speed in-circuit debugging, allowing the setting of hardware
breakpoints, starting, stopping and single stepping through program execution (including interrupt service
routines), examination of the program's call stack, and reading/writing the contents of registers and memory. This method of on-chip debugging is completely non-intrusive, requiring no RAM, Stack, timers, or
other on-chip resources. C2 details can be found in “C2 Interface” on page 349.
The CIP-51 is supported by development tools from Silicon Labs and third party vendors. Silicon Labs provides an integrated development environment (IDE) including editor, debugger and programmer. The IDE's
debugger and programmer interface to the CIP-51 via the C2 interface to provide fast and efficient in-system device programming and debugging. Third party macro assemblers and C compilers are also available.
92
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
11.2. Instruction Set
The instruction set of the CIP-51 System Controller is fully compatible with the standard MCS-51™ instruction set. Standard 8051 development tools can be used to develop software for the CIP-51. All CIP-51
instructions are the binary and functional equivalent of their MCS-51™ counterparts, including opcodes,
addressing modes and effect on PSW flags. However, instruction timing is different than that of the standard 8051.
11.2.1. Instruction and CPU Timing
In many 8051 implementations, a distinction is made between machine cycles and clock cycles, with
machine cycles varying from 2 to 12 clock cycles in length. However, the CIP-51 implementation is based
solely on clock cycle timing. All instruction timings are specified in terms of clock cycles.
Due to the pipelined architecture of the CIP-51, most instructions execute in the same number of clock
cycles as there are program bytes in the instruction. Conditional branch instructions take one less clock
cycle to complete when the branch is not taken as opposed to when the branch is taken. Table 11.1 is the
CIP-51 Instruction Set Summary, which includes the mnemonic, number of bytes, and number of clock
cycles for each instruction.
Rev. 1.2
93
C8051F58x/F59x
Table 11.1. CIP-51 Instruction Set Summary (Prefetch-Enabled)
Mnemonic
Description
Bytes
Clock
Cycles
Arithmetic Operations
ADD A, Rn
ADD A, direct
ADD A, @Ri
ADD A, #data
ADDC A, Rn
ADDC A, direct
ADDC A, @Ri
ADDC A, #data
SUBB A, Rn
SUBB A, direct
SUBB A, @Ri
SUBB A, #data
INC A
INC Rn
INC direct
INC @Ri
DEC A
DEC Rn
DEC direct
DEC @Ri
INC DPTR
MUL AB
DIV AB
DA A
Add register to A
Add direct byte to A
Add indirect RAM to A
Add immediate to A
Add register to A with carry
Add direct byte to A with carry
Add indirect RAM to A with carry
Add immediate to A with carry
Subtract register from A with borrow
Subtract direct byte from A with borrow
Subtract indirect RAM from A with borrow
Subtract immediate from A with borrow
Increment A
Increment register
Increment direct byte
Increment indirect RAM
Decrement A
Decrement register
Decrement direct byte
Decrement indirect RAM
Increment Data Pointer
Multiply A and B
Divide A by B
Decimal adjust A
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
1
2
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
1
2
2
2
1
2
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
4
8
1
AND Register to A
AND direct byte to A
AND indirect RAM to A
AND immediate to A
AND A to direct byte
AND immediate to direct byte
OR Register to A
OR direct byte to A
OR indirect RAM to A
OR immediate to A
OR A to direct byte
OR immediate to direct byte
Exclusive-OR Register to A
Exclusive-OR direct byte to A
Exclusive-OR indirect RAM to A
1
2
1
2
2
3
1
2
1
2
2
3
1
2
1
1
2
2
2
2
3
1
2
2
2
2
3
1
2
2
Logical Operations
ANL A, Rn
ANL A, direct
ANL A, @Ri
ANL A, #data
ANL direct, A
ANL direct, #data
ORL A, Rn
ORL A, direct
ORL A, @Ri
ORL A, #data
ORL direct, A
ORL direct, #data
XRL A, Rn
XRL A, direct
XRL A, @Ri
Note: Certain instructions take a variable number of clock cycles to execute depending on instruction alignment and
the FLRT setting (SFR Definition 15.3).
94
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
Table 11.1. CIP-51 Instruction Set Summary (Prefetch-Enabled) (Continued)
Mnemonic
XRL A, #data
XRL direct, A
XRL direct, #data
CLR A
CPL A
RL A
RLC A
RR A
RRC A
SWAP A
Description
Bytes
Clock
Cycles
Exclusive-OR immediate to A
Exclusive-OR A to direct byte
Exclusive-OR immediate to direct byte
Clear A
Complement A
Rotate A left
Rotate A left through Carry
Rotate A right
Rotate A right through Carry
Swap nibbles of A
2
2
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
3
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
Move Register to A
Move direct byte to A
Move indirect RAM to A
Move immediate to A
Move A to Register
Move direct byte to Register
Move immediate to Register
Move A to direct byte
Move Register to direct byte
Move direct byte to direct byte
Move indirect RAM to direct byte
Move immediate to direct byte
Move A to indirect RAM
Move direct byte to indirect RAM
Move immediate to indirect RAM
Load DPTR with 16-bit constant
Move code byte relative DPTR to A
Move code byte relative PC to A
Move external data (8-bit address) to A
Move A to external data (8-bit address)
Move external data (16-bit address) to A
Move A to external data (16-bit address)
Push direct byte onto stack
Pop direct byte from stack
Exchange Register with A
Exchange direct byte with A
Exchange indirect RAM with A
Exchange low nibble of indirect RAM with A
1
2
1
2
1
2
2
2
2
3
2
3
1
2
2
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
2
1
1
1
2
2
2
1
2
2
2
2
3
2
3
2
2
2
3
4-7*
3
3
3
3
3
2
2
1
2
2
2
Clear Carry
Clear direct bit
1
2
1
2
Data Transfer
MOV A, Rn
MOV A, direct
MOV A, @Ri
MOV A, #data
MOV Rn, A
MOV Rn, direct
MOV Rn, #data
MOV direct, A
MOV direct, Rn
MOV direct, direct
MOV direct, @Ri
MOV direct, #data
MOV @Ri, A
MOV @Ri, direct
MOV @Ri, #data
MOV DPTR, #data16
MOVC A, @A+DPTR
MOVC A, @A+PC
MOVX A, @Ri
MOVX @Ri, A
MOVX A, @DPTR
MOVX @DPTR, A
PUSH direct
POP direct
XCH A, Rn
XCH A, direct
XCH A, @Ri
XCHD A, @Ri
Boolean Manipulation
CLR C
CLR bit
Note: Certain instructions take a variable number of clock cycles to execute depending on instruction alignment and
the FLRT setting (SFR Definition 15.3).
Rev. 1.2
95
C8051F58x/F59x
Table 11.1. CIP-51 Instruction Set Summary (Prefetch-Enabled) (Continued)
Mnemonic
SETB C
SETB bit
CPL C
CPL bit
ANL C, bit
ANL C, /bit
ORL C, bit
ORL C, /bit
MOV C, bit
MOV bit, C
JC rel
JNC rel
JB bit, rel
JNB bit, rel
JBC bit, rel
Description
Bytes
Clock
Cycles
Set Carry
Set direct bit
Complement Carry
Complement direct bit
AND direct bit to Carry
AND complement of direct bit to Carry
OR direct bit to carry
OR complement of direct bit to Carry
Move direct bit to Carry
Move Carry to direct bit
Jump if Carry is set
Jump if Carry is not set
Jump if direct bit is set
Jump if direct bit is not set
Jump if direct bit is set and clear bit
1
2
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
3
3
3
1
2
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2/(4-6)*
2/(4-6)*
3/(5-7)*
3/(5-7)*
3/(5-7)*
Absolute subroutine call
Long subroutine call
Return from subroutine
Return from interrupt
Absolute jump
Long jump
Short jump (relative address)
Jump indirect relative to DPTR
Jump if A equals zero
Jump if A does not equal zero
Compare direct byte to A and jump if not equal
Compare immediate to A and jump if not equal
Compare immediate to Register and jump if not
equal
Compare immediate to indirect and jump if not
equal
Decrement Register and jump if not zero
Decrement direct byte and jump if not zero
No operation
2
3
1
1
2
3
2
1
2
2
3
3
3
4-6*
5-7*
6-8*
6-8*
4-6*
5-7*
4-6*
3-5*
2/(4-6)*
2/(4-6)*
4/(6-8)*
3/(6-8)*
3/(5-7)*
3
4/(6-8)*
2
3
1
2/(4-6)*
3/(5-7)*
1
Program Branching
ACALL addr11
LCALL addr16
RET
RETI
AJMP addr11
LJMP addr16
SJMP rel
JMP @A+DPTR
JZ rel
JNZ rel
CJNE A, direct, rel
CJNE A, #data, rel
CJNE Rn, #data, rel
CJNE @Ri, #data, rel
DJNZ Rn, rel
DJNZ direct, rel
NOP
Note: Certain instructions take a variable number of clock cycles to execute depending on instruction alignment and
the FLRT setting (SFR Definition 15.3).
96
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
Notes on Registers, Operands and Addressing Modes:
Rn—Register R0–R7 of the currently selected register bank.
@Ri—Data RAM location addressed indirectly through R0 or R1.
rel—8-bit, signed (two’s complement) offset relative to the first byte of the following instruction. Used by
SJMP and all conditional jumps.
direct—8-bit internal data location’s address. This could be a direct-access Data RAM location (0x00–
0x7F) or an SFR (0x80–0xFF).
#data—8-bit constant
#data16—16-bit constant
bit—Direct-accessed bit in Data RAM or SFR
addr11—11-bit destination address used by ACALL and AJMP. The destination must be within the
same 2 kB page of program memory as the first byte of the following instruction.
addr16—16-bit destination address used by LCALL and LJMP. The destination may be anywhere within
the 64 kB program memory space.
There is one unused opcode (0xA5) that performs the same function as NOP.
All mnemonics copyrighted © Intel Corporation 1980.
11.3. CIP-51 Register Descriptions
Following are descriptions of SFRs related to the operation of the CIP-51 System Controller. Reserved bits
should not be set to logic l. Future product versions may use these bits to implement new features in which
case the reset value of the bit will be logic 0, selecting the feature's default state. Detailed descriptions of
the remaining SFRs are included in the sections of the datasheet associated with their corresponding system function.
Rev. 1.2
97
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 11.1. DPL: Data Pointer Low Byte
Bit
7
6
5
4
Name
DPL[7:0]
Type
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0x82; SFR Page = All Pages
Bit
Name
7:0
DPL[7:0]
3
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
Function
Data Pointer Low.
The DPL register is the low byte of the 16-bit DPTR. DPTR is used to access indirectly addressed Flash memory or XRAM.
SFR Definition 11.2. DPH: Data Pointer High Byte
Bit
7
6
5
4
Name
DPH[7:0]
Type
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0x83; SFR Page = All Pages
Bit
Name
7:0
DPH[7:0]
3
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
Function
Data Pointer High.
The DPH register is the high byte of the 16-bit DPTR. DPTR is used to access indirectly addressed Flash memory or XRAM.
98
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 11.3. SP: Stack Pointer
Bit
7
6
5
4
Name
SP[7:0]
Type
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0x81; SFR Page = All Pages
Bit
Name
7:0
SP[7:0]
3
2
1
0
0
1
1
1
Function
Stack Pointer.
The Stack Pointer holds the location of the top of the stack. The stack pointer is incremented before every PUSH operation. The SP register defaults to 0x07 after reset.
SFR Definition 11.4. ACC: Accumulator
Bit
7
6
5
4
Name
ACC[7:0]
Type
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
3
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0xE0; SFR Page = All Pages; Bit-Addressable
Bit
Name
Function
7:0
ACC[7:0]
Accumulator.
This register is the accumulator for arithmetic operations.
SFR Definition 11.5. B: B Register
Bit
7
6
5
4
Name
B[7:0]
Type
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
3
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0xF0; SFR Page = All Pages; Bit-Addressable
Bit
Name
Function
7:0
B[7:0]
B Register.
This register serves as a second accumulator for certain arithmetic operations.
Rev. 1.2
99
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 11.6. PSW: Program Status Word
Bit
7
6
5
Name
CY
AC
F0
Type
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
4
3
2
1
0
RS[1:0]
OV
F1
PARITY
R/W
R/W
R/W
R
0
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0xD0; SFR Page = All Pages; Bit-Addressable
Bit
Name
Function
7
CY
Carry Flag.
This bit is set when the last arithmetic operation resulted in a carry (addition) or a borrow (subtraction). It is cleared to logic 0 by all other arithmetic operations.
6
AC
Auxiliary Carry Flag.
This bit is set when the last arithmetic operation resulted in a carry into (addition) or a
borrow from (subtraction) the high order nibble. It is cleared to logic 0 by all other arithmetic operations.
5
F0
User Flag 0.
This is a bit-addressable, general purpose flag for use under software control.
4:3
RS[1:0]
Register Bank Select.
These bits select which register bank is used during register accesses.
00: Bank 0, Addresses 0x00-0x07
01: Bank 1, Addresses 0x08-0x0F
10: Bank 2, Addresses 0x10-0x17
11: Bank 3, Addresses 0x18-0x1F
2
OV
Overflow Flag.
This bit is set to 1 under the following circumstances:
 An ADD, ADDC, or SUBB instruction causes a sign-change overflow.
 A MUL instruction results in an overflow (result is greater than 255).
 A DIV instruction causes a divide-by-zero condition.
The OV bit is cleared to 0 by the ADD, ADDC, SUBB, MUL, and DIV instructions in all
other cases.
1
F1
User Flag 1.
This is a bit-addressable, general purpose flag for use under software control.
0
PARITY
Parity Flag.
This bit is set to logic 1 if the sum of the eight bits in the accumulator is odd and cleared
if the sum is even.
100
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
11.4. Serial Number Special Function Registers (SFRs)
The C8051F58x/F59x devices include four SFRs, SN0 through SN3, that are pre-programmed during production with a unique, 32-bit serial number. The serial number provides a unique identification number for
each device and can be read from the application firmware. If the serial number is not used in the application, these four registers can be used as general purpose SFRs.
SFR Definition 11.7. SNn: Serial Number n
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
Name
SERNUMn[7:0]
Type
R/W
Reset
Varies—Unique 32-bit value
2
1
0
SFR Addresses: SN0 = 0xF9; SN1 = 0xFA; SN2 = 0xFB; SN3 = 0xFC; SFR Page = 0x0F;
Bit
Name
Function
7:0
SERNUMn[7:0] Serial Number Bits.
The four serial number registers form a 32-bit serial number, with SN3 as the
most significant byte and SN0 as the least significant byte.
Rev. 1.2
101
C8051F58x/F59x
12. Memory Organization
The memory organization of the CIP-51 System Controller is similar to that of a standard 8051. There are
two separate memory spaces: program memory and data memory. Program and data memory share the
same address space but are accessed via different instruction types. The memory organization is shown in
Figure 12.1
PROGRAM/DATA MEMORY
(FLASH)
C8051F580/1/2/3/8/9
DATA MEMORY (RAM)
INTERNAL DATA ADDRESS SPACE
0xFF
0x1FFFF
RESERVED
0x1FC00
0x1FBFF
0x80
0x7F
128 kB FLASH
(In-System
Programmable in 512
Byte Sectors)
0x00000
Upper 128 RAM
(Indirect Addressing
Only)
Special Function
Register's
(Direct Addressing Only)
(Direct and Indirect
Addressing)
0x30
0x2F
0x20
0x1F
0x00
Bit Addressable
Lower 128 RAM
(Direct and Indirect
Addressing)
General Purpose
Registers
EXTERNAL DATA ADDRESS SPACE
0xFFFF
Same 8192 bytes as
from 0x0000 to 0x1FFF,
wrapped on 8192-byte
boundaries
C8051F584/5/6/7-F590/1
0x17FFF
0x2000
0x1FFF
96 kB FLASH
XRAM
8K Bytes
(In-System
Programmable in 512
Byte Sectors)
(accessable using
MOVX instruction)
0x00000
0x0000
Figure 12.1. C8051F58x/F59x Memory Map
12.1. Program Memory
The C8051F580/1/2/3/8/9 devices have a 128 kB program memory space and the C8051F584/5/6/7F590/1 devices have 96 kB program memory space. The MCU implements this program memory space as
in-system re-programmable Flash memory in either four or three 32 kB code banks. A common code bank
(Bank 0) of 32 kB is always accessible from addresses 0x0000 to 0x7FFF. The three or two upper code
banks (Bank 1, Bank 2, and Bank 3) are each mapped to addresses 0x8000 to 0xFFFF, depending on the
selection of bits in the PSBANK register, as described in SFR Definition 12.1.
102
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
The IFBANK bits select which of the upper banks are used for code execution, while the COBANK bits
select the bank to be used for direct writes and reads of the Flash memory. On the C8051F580/1/2/3/8/9
devices, the upper 1024 bytes of the memory in Bank 3 (0xFC00 to 0xFFFF) are reserved and are not
available for user program or data storage.
Figure 12.2 show the Flash as a consecutive block of address space using a 17-bit address to illustrate the
location of the lock byte, lock byte page and reserved space.
C8051F580/1/2/3/8/9
0x1FFFF
Reserved Area
0x1FBFF
C8051F584/5/6/7-F590/1
0x1FBFE
Lock Byte Page
Lock Byte
0x1FA00
0x17FFF
0x17FFE
Lock Byte Page
0x17E00
Flash Memory Space
(128 kB Flash Device)
Flash Memory Space
(96 kB Flash Device)
FLASH memory organized in
512-byte pages
0x1FC00
Lock Byte
0x00000
0x00000
Figure 12.2. Flash Program Memory Map
Internal
Address
0xFFFF
IFBANK = 0
IFBANK = 1
IFBANK = 2
IFBANK = 3
Bank 0
Bank 1
Bank 2
Bank 3
Bank 0
Bank 0
Bank 0
Bank 0
0x8000
0x7FFF
0x0000
Figure 12.3. Address Memory Map for Instruction Fetches
Rev. 1.2
103
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 12.1. PSBANK: Program Space Bank Select
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
COBANK[1:0]
Name
1
0
IFBANK[1:0]
Type
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
SFR Address = 0xF5; SFR Page = All Pages
Bit
Name
7:6
Reserved
Function
Read = 00b, Must Write = 00b.
5:4 COBANK[1:0] Constant Operations Bank Select.
These bits select which Flash bank is targeted during constant operations (MOVC
and Flash MOVX) involving address 0x8000 to 0xFFFF.
00: Constant Operations Target Bank 0 (note that Bank 0 is also mapped between
0x0000 to 0x7FFF).
01: Constant operations target Bank 1.
10: Constant operations target Bank 2.
11: Constant operations target Bank 3.
3:2
1:0
Reserved
Read = 00b, Must Write = 00b.
IFBANK[1:0] Instruction Fetch Operations Bank Select.
These bits select which Flash bank is used for instruction fetches involving address
0x8000 to 0xFFFF. These bits can only be changed from code in Bank 0.
00: Instructions fetch from Bank 0 (note that Bank 0 is also mapped between
0x0000 to 0x7FFF).
01: Instructions fetch from Bank 1.
10: Instructions fetch from Bank 2.
11: Instructions fetch from Bank 3.
Note: COBANK[1:0] and IFBANK[1:0] should not be set to select Bank 3 (11b) on the C8051F584/5/6/7-F590/1
devices.
12.1.1. MOVX Instruction and Program Memory
The MOVX instruction in an 8051 device is typically used to access external data memory. On the
C8051F58x/F59x devices, the MOVX instruction is normally used to read and write on-chip XRAM, but can
be re-configured to write and erase on-chip Flash memory space. MOVC instructions are always used to
read Flash memory, while MOVX write instructions are used to erase and write Flash. This Flash access
feature provides a mechanism for the C8051F58x/F59x to update program code and use the program
memory space for non-volatile data storage. Refer to Section “15. Flash Memory” on page 138 for further
details.
12.2. Data Memory
The C8051F58x/F59x devices include 8448 bytes of RAM data memory. 256 bytes of this memory is
mapped into the internal RAM space of the 8051. The other 8192 bytes of this memory is on-chip “external” memory. The data memory map is shown in Figure 12.1 for reference.
104
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
12.2.1. Internal RAM
There are 256 bytes of internal RAM mapped into the data memory space from 0x00 through 0xFF. The
lower 128 bytes of data memory are used for general purpose registers and scratch pad memory. Either
direct or indirect addressing may be used to access the lower 128 bytes of data memory. Locations 0x00
through 0x1F are addressable as four banks of general purpose registers, each bank consisting of eight
byte-wide registers. The next 16 bytes, locations 0x20 through 0x2F, may either be addressed as bytes or
as 128 bit locations accessible with the direct addressing mode.
The upper 128 bytes of data memory are accessible only by indirect addressing. This region occupies the
same address space as the Special Function Registers (SFR) but is physically separate from the SFR
space. The addressing mode used by an instruction when accessing locations above 0x7F determines
whether the CPU accesses the upper 128 bytes of data memory space or the SFRs. Instructions that use
direct addressing will access the SFR space. Instructions using indirect addressing above 0x7F access the
upper 128 bytes of data memory. Figure 12.1 illustrates the data memory organization of the
C8051F58x/F59x.
12.2.1.1. General Purpose Registers
The lower 32 bytes of data memory, locations 0x00 through 0x1F, may be addressed as four banks of general-purpose registers. Each bank consists of eight byte-wide registers designated R0 through R7. Only
one of these banks may be enabled at a time. Two bits in the program status word, RS0 (PSW.3) and RS1
(PSW.4), select the active register bank (see description of the PSW in SFR Definition 11.6). This allows
fast context switching when entering subroutines and interrupt service routines. Indirect addressing modes
use registers R0 and R1 as index registers.
12.2.1.2. Bit Addressable Locations
In addition to direct access to data memory organized as bytes, the sixteen data memory locations at 0x20
through 0x2F are also accessible as 128 individually addressable bits. Each bit has a bit address from
0x00 to 0x7F. Bit 0 of the byte at 0x20 has bit address 0x00 while bit7 of the byte at 0x20 has bit address
0x07. Bit 7 of the byte at 0x2F has bit address 0x7F. A bit access is distinguished from a full byte access by
the type of instruction used (bit source or destination operands as opposed to a byte source or destination).
The MCS-51™ assembly language allows an alternate notation for bit addressing of the form XX.B where
XX is the byte address and B is the bit position within the byte. For example, the instruction:
MOV
C, 22.3h
moves the Boolean value at 0x13 (bit 3 of the byte at location 0x22) into the Carry flag.
12.2.1.3. Stack
A programmer's stack can be located anywhere in the 256-byte data memory. The stack area is designated using the Stack Pointer (SP) SFR. The SP will point to the last location used. The next value pushed
on the stack is placed at SP+1 and then SP is incremented. A reset initializes the stack pointer to location
0x07. Therefore, the first value pushed on the stack is placed at location 0x08, which is also the first register (R0) of register bank 1. Thus, if more than one register bank is to be used, the SP should be initialized
to a location in the data memory not being used for data storage. The stack depth can extend up to
256 bytes.
Rev. 1.2
105
C8051F58x/F59x
13. Special Function Registers
The direct-access data memory locations from 0x80 to 0xFF constitute the special function registers
(SFRs). The SFRs provide control and data exchange with the C8051F58x/F59x's resources and peripherals. The CIP-51 controller core duplicates the SFRs found in a typical 8051 implementation as well as
implementing additional SFRs used to configure and access the sub-systems unique to the
C8051F58x/F59x. This allows the addition of new functionality while retaining compatibility with the MCS51™ instruction set. Table 13.3 lists the SFRs implemented in the C8051F58x/F59x device family.
The SFR registers are accessed anytime the direct addressing mode is used to access memory locations
from 0x80 to 0xFF. SFRs with addresses ending in 0x0 or 0x8 (e.g., P0, TCON, SCON0, IE, etc.) are bitaddressable as well as byte-addressable. All other SFRs are byte-addressable only. Unoccupied
addresses in the SFR space are reserved for future use. Accessing unoccupied addresses in the SFR
space will have an indeterminate effect and should be avoided. Refer to the corresponding pages of the
data sheet, as indicated in Table 13.3, for a detailed description of each register.
13.1. SFR Paging
The CIP-51 features SFR paging, allowing the device to map many SFRs into the 0x80 to 0xFF memory
address space. The SFR memory space has 256 pages. In this way, each memory location from 0x80 to
0xFF can access up to 256 SFRs. The C8051F58x/F59x family of devices utilizes three SFR pages: 0x0,
0xC, and 0xF. SFR pages are selected using the Special Function Register Page Selection register, SFRPAGE (see SFR Definition 11.3). The procedure for reading and writing an SFR is as follows:
1. Select the appropriate SFR page number using the SFRPAGE register.
2. Use direct accessing mode to read or write the special function register (MOV instruction).
13.2. Interrupts and SFR Paging
When an interrupt occurs, the SFR Page Register will automatically switch to the SFR page containing the
flag bit that caused the interrupt. The automatic SFR Page switch function conveniently removes the burden of switching SFR pages from the interrupt service routine. Upon execution of the RETI instruction, the
SFR page is automatically restored to the SFR Page in use prior to the interrupt. This is accomplished via
a three-byte SFR Page Stack. The top byte of the stack is SFRPAGE, the current SFR Page. The second
byte of the SFR Page Stack is SFRNEXT. The third, or bottom byte of the SFR Page Stack is SFRLAST.
Upon an interrupt, the current SFRPAGE value is pushed to the SFRNEXT byte, and the value of SFRNEXT is pushed to SFRLAST. Hardware then loads SFRPAGE with the SFR Page containing the flag bit
associated with the interrupt. On a return from interrupt, the SFR Page Stack is popped resulting in the
value of SFRNEXT returning to the SFRPAGE register, thereby restoring the SFR page context without
software intervention. The value in SFRLAST (0x00 if there is no SFR Page value in the bottom of the
stack) of the stack is placed in SFRNEXT register. If desired, the values stored in SFRNEXT and SFRLAST may be modified during an interrupt, enabling the CPU to return to a different SFR Page upon execution of the RETI instruction (on interrupt exit). Modifying registers in the SFR Page Stack does not cause
a push or pop of the stack. Only interrupt calls and returns will cause push/pop operations on the SFR
Page Stack.
On the C8051F58x/F59x devices, vectoring to an interrupt will switch SFRPAGE to page 0x00, except for
the CAN0 interrupt which will switch SFRPAGE to page 0x0C, and the UART1, PCA1, Comparator2, and
Timer4/5 interrupts will switch SFRPAGE to 0x10.
106
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
SFRPGCN Bit
Interrupt
Logic
SFRPAGE
CIP-51
SFRNEXT
SFRLAST
Figure 13.1. SFR Page Stack
Automatic hardware switching of the SFR Page on interrupts may be enabled or disabled as desired using
the SFR Automatic Page Control Enable Bit located in the SFR Page Control Register (SFR0CN). This
function defaults to “enabled” upon reset. In this way, the autoswitching function will be enabled unless disabled in software.
A summary of the SFR locations (address and SFR page) are provided in Table 13.3 in the form of an SFR
memory map. Each memory location in the map has an SFR page row, denoting the page in which that
SFR resides. Certain SFRs are accessible from ALL SFR pages, and are denoted by the “(ALL PAGES)”
designation. For example, the Port I/O registers P0, P1, P2, and P3 all have the “(ALL PAGES)” designation, indicating these SFRs are accessible from all SFR pages regardless of the SFRPAGE register value.
13.3. SFR Page Stack Example
The following is an example that shows the operation of the SFR Page Stack during interrupts. In this
example, the SFR Control register is left in the default enabled state (i.e., SFRPGEN = 1), and the CIP-51
is executing in-line code that is writing values to SPI Data Register (SFR “SPI0DAT”, located at address
0xA3 on SFR Page 0x00). The device is also using the CAN peripheral (CAN0) and the Programmable
Counter Array (PCA0) peripheral to generate a PWM output. The PCA is timing a critical control function in
its interrupt service round so its associated ISR that is set to low priority. At this point, the SFR page is set
to access the SPI0DAT SFR (SFRPAGE = 0x00). See Figure 13.2.
Rev. 1.2
107
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Page
Stack SFR's
0x0
SFRPAGE
(SPI0DAT)
SFRNEXT
SFRLAST
Figure 13.2. SFR Page Stack While Using SFR Page 0x0 To Access SPI0DAT
While CIP-51 executes in-line code (writing values to SPI0DAT in this example), the CAN0 Interrupt
occurs. The CIP-51 vectors to the CAN0 ISR and pushes the current SFR Page value (SFR Page 0x00)
into SFRNEXT in the SFR Page Stack. The SFR page needed to access CAN’s SFRs is then automatically
placed in the SFRPAGE register (SFR Page 0x0C). SFRPAGE is considered the “top” of the SFR Page
Stack. Software can now access the CAN0 SFRs. Software may switch to any SFR Page by writing a new
value to the SFRPAGE register at any time during the CAN0 ISR to access SFRs that are not on SFR
Page 0x0C. See Figure 13.3.
108
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Page 0xC
Automatically
pushed on stack in
SFRPAGE on CAN0
interrupt
0xC
SFRPAGE
SFRPAGE
pushed to
SFRNEXT
(CAN0)
0x0
SFRNEXT
(SPI0DAT)
SFRLAST
Figure 13.3. SFR Page Stack After CAN0 Interrupt Occurs
While in the CAN0 ISR, a PCA interrupt occurs. Recall the PCA interrupt is configured as a high priority
interrupt, while the CAN0 interrupt is configured as a low priority interrupt. Thus, the CIP-51 will now vector
to the high priority PCA ISR. Upon doing so, the CIP-51 will automatically place the SFR page needed to
access the PCA’s special function registers into the SFRPAGE register, SFR Page 0x00. The value that
was in the SFRPAGE register before the PCA interrupt (SFR Page 0x0C for CAN0) is pushed down the
stack into SFRNEXT. Likewise, the value that was in the SFRNEXT register before the PCA interrupt (in
this case SFR Page 0x00 for SPI0DAT) is pushed down to the SFRLAST register, the “bottom” of the
stack. Note that a value stored in SFRLAST (via a previous software write to the SFRLAST register) will be
overwritten. See Figure 13.4.
Rev. 1.2
109
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Page 0x0
Automatically
pushed on stack in
SFRPAGE on PCA
interrupt
0x0
SFRPAGE
SFRPAGE
pushed to
SFRNEXT
(PCA)
0xC
SFRNEXT
SFRNEXT
pushed to
SFRLAST
(CAN0)
0x0
SFRLAST
(SPI0DAT)
Figure 13.4. SFR Page Stack Upon PCA Interrupt Occurring During a CAN0 ISR
On exit from the PCA interrupt service routine, the CIP-51 will return to the CAN0 ISR. On execution of the
RETI instruction, SFR Page 0x00 used to access the PCA registers will be automatically popped off of the
SFR Page Stack, and the contents of the SFRNEXT register will be moved to the SFRPAGE register. Software in the CAN0 ISR can continue to access SFRs as it did prior to the PCA interrupt. Likewise, the contents of SFRLAST are moved to the SFRNEXT register. Recall this was the SFR Page value 0x00 being
used to access SPI0DAT before the CAN0 interrupt occurred. See Figure 13.5.
110
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Page 0x0
Automatically
popped off of the
stack on return from
interrupt
0xC
SFRPAGE
SFRNEXT
popped to
SFRPAGE
(CAN0)
0x0
SFRNEXT
SFRLAST
popped to
SFRNEXT
(SPI0DAT)
SFRLAST
Figure 13.5. SFR Page Stack Upon Return From PCA Interrupt
On the execution of the RETI instruction in the CAN0 ISR, the value in SFRPAGE register is overwritten
with the contents of SFRNEXT. The CIP-51 may now access the SPI0DAT register as it did prior to the
interrupts occurring. See Figure 13.6.
Rev. 1.2
111
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Page 0xC
Automatically
popped off of the
stack on return from
interrupt
0x0
SFRPAGE
SFRNEXT
popped to
SFRPAGE
(SPI0DAT)
SFRNEXT
SFRLAST
Figure 13.6. SFR Page Stack Upon Return From CAN0 Interrupt
In the example above, all three bytes in the SFR Page Stack are accessible via the SFRPAGE, SFRNEXT,
and SFRLAST special function registers. If the stack is altered while servicing an interrupt, it is possible to
return to a different SFR Page upon interrupt exit than selected prior to the interrupt call. Direct access to
the SFR Page stack can be useful to enable real-time operating systems to control and manage context
switching between multiple tasks.
Push operations on the SFR Page Stack only occur on interrupt service, and pop operations only occur on
interrupt exit (execution on the RETI instruction). The automatic switching of the SFRPAGE and operation
of the SFR Page Stack as described above can be disabled in software by clearing the SFR Automatic
Page Enable Bit (SFRPGEN) in the SFR Page Control Register (SFR0CN). See SFR Definition 13.1.
112
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 13.1. SFR0CN: SFR Page Control
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
SFRPGEN
Name
Type
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
SFR Address = 0x84; SFR Page = 0x0F
Bit
Name
7:1
0
Unused
Function
Read = 0000000b; Write = Don’t Care
SFRPGEN SFR Automatic Page Control Enable.
Upon interrupt, the C8051 Core will vector to the specified interrupt service routine
and automatically switch the SFR page to the corresponding peripheral or function’s
SFR page. This bit is used to control this autopaging function.
0: SFR Automatic Paging disabled. The C8051 core will not automatically change to
the appropriate SFR page (i.e., the SFR page that contains the SFRs for the peripheral/function that was the source of the interrupt).
1: SFR Automatic Paging enabled. Upon interrupt, the C8051 will switch the SFR
page to the page that contains the SFRs for the peripheral or function that is the
source of the interrupt.
Rev. 1.2
113
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 13.2. SFRPAGE: SFR Page
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
Name
SFRPAGE[7:0]
Type
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0xA7; SFR Page = All Pages
Bit
Name
7:0
SFRPAGE[7:0]
0
2
1
0
0
0
0
Function
SFR Page Bits.
Represents the SFR Page the C8051 core uses when reading or modifying
SFRs.
Write: Sets the SFR Page.
Read: Byte is the SFR page the C8051 core is using.
When enabled in the SFR Page Control Register (SFR0CN), the C8051 core will
automatically switch to the SFR Page that contains the SFRs of the corresponding peripheral/function that caused the interrupt, and return to the previous SFR
page upon return from interrupt (unless SFR Stack was altered before a returning from the interrupt). SFRPAGE is the top byte of the SFR Page Stack, and
push/pop events of this stack are caused by interrupts (and not by reading/writing to the SFRPAGE register)
114
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 13.3. SFRNEXT: SFR Next
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
Name
SFRNEXT[7:0]
Type
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0x85; SFR Page = All Pages
Bit
Name
7:0
SFRNEXT[7:0]
0
2
1
0
0
0
0
Function
SFR Page Bits.
This is the value that will go to the SFR Page register upon a return from interrupt.
Write: Sets the SFR Page contained in the second byte of the SFR Stack. This
will cause the SFRPAGE SFR to have this SFR page value upon a return from
interrupt.
Read: Returns the value of the SFR page contained in the second byte of the
SFR stack.
SFR page context is retained upon interrupts/return from interrupts in a 3 byte
SFR Page Stack: SFRPAGE is the first entry, SFRNEXT is the second, and
SFRLAST is the third entry. The SFR stack bytes may be used alter the context
in the SFR Page Stack, and will not cause the stack to “push” or “pop”. Only
interrupts and return from interrupts cause pushes and pops of the SFR Page
Stack.
Rev. 1.2
115
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 13.4. SFRLAST: SFR Last
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
Name
SFRLAST[7:0]
Type
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0xA7; SFR Page = All Pages
Bit
Name
7:0
SFRLAST[7:0]
0
2
1
0
0
0
0
Function
SFR Page Stack Bits.
This is the value that will go to the SFRNEXT register upon a return from interrupt.
Write: Sets the SFR Page in the last entry of the SFR Stack. This will cause the
SFRNEXT SFR to have this SFR page value upon a return from interrupt.
Read: Returns the value of the SFR page contained in the last entry of the SFR
stack.
SFR page context is retained upon interrupts/return from interrupts in a 3 byte
SFR Page Stack: SFRPAGE is the first entry, SFRNEXT is the second, and
SFRLAST is the third entry. The SFR stack bytes may be used alter the context
in the SFR Page Stack, and will not cause the stack to “push” or “pop”. Only
interrupts and return from interrupts cause pushes and pops of the SFR Page
Stack.
116
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
Page
Address
Table 13.1. Special Function Register (SFR) Memory Map for Pages 0x00, 0x10, and 0x0F
0(8)
1(9)
PCA0L
F8 00 SPI0CN
PCA1L
10
SN0
0F
B
P0MAT
F0 00
10 (All Pages)
P0MDIN
0F
E8 00 ADC0CN PCA0CPL1
PCA1CPL7
10
0F
ACC
E0 00
10 (All Pages)
XBR0
0F
D8 00 PCA0CN PCA0MD
10 PCA1CN PCA1MD
PCA0PWM
0F
REF0CN
D0 00 PSW
10 (All Pages)
0F
C8 00 TMR2CN REG0CN
10 TMR4CN TMR4CF
LIN0CF
0F
C0 00 SMB0CN SMB0CF
10
0F
IP
B8 00
10 (All Pages)
0F
P3
P2MAT
B0 00
10 (All Pages)
0F
IE
SMOD0
A8 00
10 (All Pages)
0F
P2
SPI0CFG
A0 00
10 (All Pages)
OSCICN
0F
SBUF0
98 00 SCON0
SBUF1
10 SCON1
0F
0(8)
1(9)
(bit addressable)
2(A)
PCA0H
PCA1H
SN1
3(B)
4(C)
6(E)
PCA0CPL0 PCA0CPH0 PCACPL4
PCACPH4
PCA1CPL6 PCA1CPH6 PCA1CPL10 PCA1CPH10
SN2
SN3
P0MASK
P1MAT
P1MASK
P1MDIN
P2MDIN
P3MDIN
PCA0CPH1 PCA0CPL2 PCA0CPH2
PCA1CPH7 PCA1CPL8 PCA1CPH8
XBR1
5(D)
CCH0CN
PSBANK
(All Pages)
PCA0CPL3
PCA1CPL9
7(F)
VDM0CN
EIP1
EIP2
EIP1
EIP2
PCA0CPL3
PCA1CPL9
RSTSRC
EIE1
(All Pages)
EIE2
(All Pages)
IT01CF
PCA0CPM0 PCA0CPM1 PCA0CPM2 PCA0CPM3P PCA0CPM4P PCA0CPM5
CA1CPM10 PCA1CPM11
PCA1CPM6 PCA1CPM7 PCA1CPM8 CA1CPM9
LIN0DATA
LIN0ADDR
TMR2RLL TMR2RLH
TMR4CAPL TMR4CAPH
SMB0DAT
ADC0GTL
P0SKIP
P1SKIP
P2SKIP
P3SKIP
TMR2L
TMR4L
TMR2H
TMR4H
PCA0CPL5
PCA1CPL11
PCA0CPH5
PCA1CPH11
ADC0GTH
ADC0LTL
ADC0LTH
XBR3
ADC0TK
ADC0MX
ADC0CF
P2MASK
XBR2
ADC0L
ADC0H
P4
(All Pages)
FLSCL
(All Pages)
FLKEY
(All Pages)
P3MAT
P3MASK
P3MDOUT
P4MDOUT
EMI0CF
EMI0CN
EMI0TC
SBCON0
SPI0CKR
SPI0DAT
OSCICRS
CPT0CN
CPT2CN
2(A)
CPT0MD
CPT2MD
3(B)
SBRLL0
SBRLH0
SFRPAGE
(All Pages)
P0MDOUT
P1MDOUT
P2MDOUT
CPT0MX
CPT2MX
CPT1CN
CPT1MD
CPT1MX
OSCIFIN
OSCXCN
6(E)
7(F)
4(C)
Rev. 1.2
5(D)
117
C8051F58x/F59x
Table 13.1. Special Function Register (SFR) Memory Map for Pages 0x00, 0x10, and 0x0F
P1
TMR3CN
90 00
(All
Pages)
TMR5CN
10
0F
TMOD
88 00 TCON
10 (All Pages) (All Pages)
0F
P0
SP
80 00
10 (All Pages) (All Pages)
0F
0(8)
1(9)
(bit addressable)
118
TMR3RLL TMR3RLH
TMR5CAPL TMR5CAPH
TMR3L
TMR5L
TMR3H
TMR5H
TMR5CF
CLKMUL
TL0
TL1
(All Pages) (All Pages)
TH0
(All Pages)
TH1
(All Pages)
CKCON
(All Pages)
PSCTL
CLKSEL
DPL
DPH
(All Pages) (All Pages)
SFRNEXT
(All Pages)
SFRLAST
(All Pages)
PCON
(All Pages)
5(D)
6(E)
7(F)
SFR0CN
2(A)
3(B)
4(C)
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
Table 13.2. Special Function Register (SFR) Memory Map for Page 0x0C
0(8)
1(9)
F8
F0
B
(All Pages)
E8
E0
ACC
(All Pages)
3(B)
4(C)
5(D)
CAN0IF2A2L
CAN0IF2A2H
6(E)
CAN0IF2M1L
CAN0IF2M1H CAN0IF2M2L
CAN0IF2DA1H
CAN0IF2A1L
CAN0IF2A1H
EIE1
(All Pages)
EIE2
(All Pages)
CAN0IF2CRL
CAN0IF2CRH
CAN0IF1MCL CAN0IF1MCH CAN0IF1DA1L CAN0IF1DA1H CAN0IF1DA2L
CAN0IF1DA2H
CAN0IF1A1L
CAN0IF2M2H
CAN0IF1DB1L CAN0IF1DB1H CAN0IF1DB2L CAN0IF1DB2H
PSW
(All Pages)
C8
CAN0IF1A1H
CAN0IF1A2L
CAN0IF1A2H
CAN0IF2MCL
CAN0IF2MCH
CAN0IF1CML CAN0IF1CMH CAN0IF1M1L
CAN0IF1M1H
CAN0IF1M2L
CAN0IF1M2H
CAN0MV2H
CAN0IF1CRL
CAN0IF1CRH
P4
(All Pages)
FLSCL
(All Pages)
FLKEY
(All Pages)
CAN0IP1L
CAN0IP1H
C0
CAN0CN
B8
IP
(All Pages)
CAN0MV1L
CAN0MV1H
B0
P3
(All Pages)
CAN0IP2L
CAN0IP2H
A8
IE
(All Pages)
CAN0ND1L
CAN0ND1H
CAN0ND2L
CAN0ND2H
A0
P2
CAN0BRPE
(All Pages)
CAN0TR1L
CAN0TR1H
CAN0TR2L
CAN0TR2H
98
SCON0
(All Pages)
CAN0BTL
CAN0BTH
CAN0IIDL
CAN0IIDH
90
P1
(All Pages)
CAN0CFG
88
TCON
TMOD
(All Pages) (All Pages)
TL0
(All Pages)
TL1
(All Pages)
80
P0
SP
(All Pages) (All Pages)
DPL
(All Pages)
DPH
(All Pages)
2(A)
3(B)
0(8)
1(9)
7(F)
CAN0IF2DB2H
CAN0IF2DA1L
CAN0IF2CML CAN0IF2CMH
D8
D0
2(A)
CAN0IF2DA2L CAN0IF2DA2H CAN0IF2DB1L CAN0IF2DB1H CAN0IF2DB2L
CAN0MV2L
CAN0STAT
TH0
(All Pages)
4(C)
SFRPAGE
(All Pages)
CAN0TST
CAN0ERRL
CAN0ERRH
TH1
(All Pages)
CKCON
(All Pages)
SFRNEXT
(All Pages)
SFRLAST
(All Pages)
PCON
(All Pages)
5(D)
6(E)
7(F)
(bit addressable)
Rev. 1.2
119
C8051F58x/F59x
Table 13.3. Special Function Registers
SFRs are listed in alphabetical order. All undefined SFR locations are reserved
Register
Address
Description
Page
ACC
0xE0
Accumulator
99
ADC0CF
0xBC
ADC0 Configuration
65
ADC0CN
0xE8
ADC0 Control
67
ADC0GTH
0xC4
ADC0 Greater-Than Compare High
69
ADC0GTL
0xC3
ADC0 Greater-Than Compare Low
69
ADC0H
0xBE
ADC0 High
66
ADC0L
0xBD
ADC0 Low
66
ADC0LTH
0xC6
ADC0 Less-Than Compare Word High
70
ADC0LTL
0xC5
ADC0 Less-Than Compare Word Low
70
ADC0MX
0xBB
ADC0 Mux Configuration
73
ADC0TK
0xBA
ADC0 Tracking Mode Select
68
B
0xF0
B Register
99
CCH0CN
0xE3
Cache Control
146
CKCON
0x8E
Clock Control
284
CLKMUL
0x97
Clock Multiplier
180
CLKSEL
0x8F
Clock Select
175
CPT0CN
0x9A
Comparator0 Control
79
CPT0MD
0x9B
Comparator0 Mode Selection
80
CPT0MX
0x9C
Comparator0 MUX Selection
86
CPT1CN
0x9D
Comparator1 Control
79
CPT1MD
0x9E
Comparator1 Mode Selection
80
CPT1MX
0x9F
Comparator1 MUX Selection
86
CPT2CN
0x9A
Comparator2 Control
83
CPT2MD
0x9B
Comparator2 Mode Selection
84
CPT2MX
0x9C
Comparator2 MUX Selection
88
DPH
0x83
Data Pointer High
98
DPL
0x82
Data Pointer Low
98
EIE1
0xE6
Extended Interrupt Enable 1
132
EIE2
0xE7
Extended Interrupt Enable 2
132
EIP1
0xF6
Extended Interrupt Priority 1
133
EIP2
0xF7
Extended Interrupt Priority 2
134
EMI0CF
0xB2
External Memory Interface Configuration
161
EMI0CN
0xAA
External Memory Interface Control
160
EMI0TC
0xAA
External Memory Interface Timing Control
166
FLKEY
0xB7
Flash Lock and Key
144
120
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
Table 13.3. Special Function Registers (Continued)
SFRs are listed in alphabetical order. All undefined SFR locations are reserved
Register
Address
Description
Page
FLSCL
0xB6
Flash Scale
145
IE
0xA8
Interrupt Enable
130
IP
0xB8
Interrupt Priority
131
IT01CF
0xE4
INT0/INT1 Configuration
137
LIN0ADR
0xD3
LIN0 Address
219
LIN0CF
0xC9
LIN0 Configuration
219
LIN0DAT
0xD2
LIN0 Data
220
OSCICN
0xA1
Internal Oscillator Control
177
OSCICRS
0xA2
Internal Oscillator Coarse Control
178
OSCIFIN
0x9E
Internal Oscillator Fine Calibration
178
OSCXCN
0x9F
External Oscillator Control
182
P0
0x80
Port 0 Latch
202
P0MASK
0xF2
Port 0 Mask Configuration
198
P0MAT
0xF1
Port 0 Match Configuration
198
P0MDIN
0xF1
Port 0 Input Mode Configuration
203
P0MDOUT
0xA4
Port 0 Output Mode Configuration
203
P0SKIP
0xD4
Port 0 Skip
204
P1
0x90
Port 1 Latch
204
P1MASK
0xF4
Port 1 Mask Configuration
199
P1MAT
0xF3
Port 1 Match Configuration
199
P1MDIN
0xF2
Port 1 Input Mode Configuration
205
P1MDOUT
0xA5
Port 1 Output Mode Configuration
205
P1SKIP
0xD5
Port 1 Skip
206
P2
0xA0
Port 2 Latch
206
P2MASK
0xB2
Port 2 Mask Configuration
200
P2MAT
0xB1
Port 2 Match Configuration
200
P2MDIN
0xF3
Port 2 Input Mode Configuration
207
P2MDOUT
0xA6
Port 2 Output Mode Configuration
207
P2SKIP
0xD6
Port 2 Skip
208
P3
0xB0
Port 3 Latch
208
P3MASK
0xAF
Port 3 Mask Configuration
201
P3MAT
0xAE
Port 3 Match Configuration
201
P3MDIN
0xF4
Port 3 Input Mode Configuration
209
P3MDOUT
0xAE
Port 3 Output Mode Configuration
209
P3SKIP
0xD7
Port 3 Skip
210
P4
0xB5
Port 4 Latch
210
Rev. 1.2
121
C8051F58x/F59x
Table 13.3. Special Function Registers (Continued)
SFRs are listed in alphabetical order. All undefined SFR locations are reserved
Register
Address
Description
Page
P4MDOUT
0xAF
Port 4 Output Mode Configuration
211
PCA0CN
0xD8
PCA0 Control
325
PCA0CPH0
0xFC
PCA0 Capture 0 High
330
PCA0CPH1
0xEA
PCA0 Capture 1 High
330
PCA0CPH2
0xEC
PCA0 Capture 2 High
330
PCA0CPH3
0xEE
PCA0 Capture 3 High
330
PCA0CPH4
0xFE
PCA0 Capture 4 High
330
PCA0CPH5
0xCF
PCA0 Capture 5 High
330
PCA0CPL0
0xFB
PCA0 Capture 0 Low
330
PCA0CPL1
0xE9
PCA0 Capture 1 Low
330
PCA0CPL2
0xEB
PCA0 Capture 2 Low
330
PCA0CPL3
0xED
PCA0 Capture 3 Low
330
PCA0CPL4
0xFD
PCA0 Capture 4 Low
330
PCA0CPL5
0xCE
PCA0 Capture 5 Low
330
PCA0CPM0
0xDA
PCA0 Module 0 Mode Register
328
PCA0CPM1
0xDB
PCA0 Module 1 Mode Register
328
PCA0CPM2
0xDC
PCA0 Module 2 Mode Register
328
PCA0CPM3
0xDD
PCA0 Module 3 Mode Register
328
PCA0CPM4
0xDE
PCA0 Module 4 Mode Register
328
PCA0CPM5
0xDF
PCA0 Module 5 Mode Register
328
PCA0H
0xFA
PCA0 Counter High
329
PCA0L
0xF9
PCA0 Counter Low
329
PCA0MD
0xD9
PCA0 Mode
326
PCA0PWM
0xD9
PCA0 PWM Configuration
327
PCA1CN
0xD8
PCA1 Control
343
PCA1CPH6
0xFC
PCA1 Capture 6 High
348
PCA1CPH7
0xEA
PCA1 Capture 7 High
348
PCA1CPH8
0xEC
PCA1 Capture 8 High
348
PCA1CPH9
0xEE
PCA1 Capture 9 High
348
PCA1CPH10
0xFE
PCA1 Capture 10 High
348
PCA1CPH11
0xCF
PCA1 Capture 11 High
348
PCA1CPL6
0xFB
PCA1 Capture 6 Low
348
PCA1CPL7
0xE9
PCA1 Capture 7 Low
348
PCA1CPL8
0xEB
PCA1 Capture 8 Low
348
PCA1CPL9
0xED
PCA1 Capture 9 Low
348
PCA1CPL10
0xFD
PCA1 Capture 10 Low
348
122
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
Table 13.3. Special Function Registers (Continued)
SFRs are listed in alphabetical order. All undefined SFR locations are reserved
Register
Address
Description
Page
PCA1CPL11
0xCE
PCA1 Capture 11 Low
348
PCA1CPM6
0xDA
PCA1 Module 6 Mode Register
346
PCA1CPM7
0xDB
PCA1 Module 7 Mode Register
346
PCA1CPM8
0xDC
PCA1 Module 8 Mode Register
346
PCA1CPM9
0xDD
PCA1 Module 9 Mode Register
346
PCA1CPM10
0xDE
PCA1 Module 10 Mode Register
346
PCA1CPM11
0xDF
PCA1 Module 11 Mode Register
346
PCA1H
0xFA
PCA1 Counter High
347
PCA1L
0xF9
PCA1 Counter Low
347
PCA1MD
0xD9
PCA1 Mode
344
PCA1PWM
0xDA
PCA1 PWM Configuration
345
PCON
0x87
Power Control
149
PSBANK
0xF5
Program Space Bank Select
104
PSCTL
0x8F
Program Store R/W Control
143
PSW
0xD0
Program Status Word
100
REF0CN
0xD1
Voltage Reference Control
76
REG0CN
0xD1
Voltage Regulator Control
90
RSTSRC
0xEF
Reset Source Configuration/Status
155
SBCON0
0xAB
UART0 Baud Rate Generator Control
261
SBRLH0
0xAD
UART0 Baud Rate Reload High Byte
262
SBRLL0
0xAC
UART0 Baud Rate Reload Low Byte
262
SBUF0
0x99
UART0 Data Buffer
261
SCON0
0x98
UART0 Control
259
SBUF1
0x99
UART1 Data Buffer
268
SCON1
0x98
UART1 Control
267
SFR0CN
0x84
SFR Page Control
113
SFRLAST
0x86
SFR Stack Last Page
116
SFRNEXT
0x85
SFR Stack Next Page
115
SFRPAGE
0xA7
SFR Page Select
114
SMB0CF
0xC1
SMBus0 Configuration
243
SMB0CN
0xC0
SMBus0 Control
245
SMB0DAT
0xC2
SMBus0 Data
247
SMOD0
0xA9
UART0 Mode
260
SN0
0xF9
Serial Number 0
101
SN1
0xFA
Serial Number 1
101
SN2
0xFB
Serial Number 2
101
Rev. 1.2
123
C8051F58x/F59x
Table 13.3. Special Function Registers (Continued)
SFRs are listed in alphabetical order. All undefined SFR locations are reserved
Register
Address
Description
Page
SN3
0xFC
Serial Number 3
101
SP
0x81
Stack Pointer
99
SPI0CFG
0xA1
SPI0 Configuration
277
SPI0CKR
0xA2
SPI0 Clock Rate Control
279
SPI0CN
0xF8
SPI0 Control
278
SPI0DAT
0xA3
SPI0 Data
279
TCON
0x88
Timer/Counter Control
289
TH0
0x8C
Timer/Counter 0 High
292
TH1
0x8D
Timer/Counter 1 High
292
TL0
0x8A
Timer/Counter 0 Low
291
TL1
0x8B
Timer/Counter 1 Low
291
TMOD
0x89
Timer/Counter Mode
290
TMR2CN
0xC8
Timer/Counter 2 Control
296
TMR2H
0xCD
Timer/Counter 2 High
298
TMR2L
0xCC
Timer/Counter 2 Low
298
TMR2RLH
0xCB
Timer/Counter 2 Reload High
297
TMR2RLL
0xCA
Timer/Counter 2 Reload Low
297
TMR3CN
0x91
Timer/Counter 3 Control
302
TMR3H
0x95
Timer/Counter 3 High
304
TMR3L
0x94
Timer/Counter 3 Low
304
TMR3RLH
0x93
Timer/Counter 3 Reload High
303
TMR3RLL
0x92
Timer/Counter 3 Reload Low
303
TMR4CAPH
0xCB
Timer/Capture 4 Capture High
310
TMR4CAPL
0xCA
Timer/Capture 4 Capture Low
310
TMR4CF
0xC9
Timer/Counter 4 Configuration
309
TMR4CN
0xC8
Timer/Counter 4 Control
308
TMR4H
0xCD
Timer/Counter 4 High
311
TMR4L
0xCC
Timer/Counter 4 High
311
TMR5CAPH
0x93
Timer/Capture 5 Capture High
310
TMR5CAPL
0x92
Timer/Capture 5 Capture Low
310
TMR5CF
0x96
Timer/Counter 5 Configuration
309
TMR5CN
0x91
Timer/Counter 5 Control
308
TMR5H
0x95
Timer/Counter 5 High
311
TMR4L
0x94
Timer/Counter 5 High
311
VDM0CN
0xFF
VDD Monitor Control
153
XBR0
0xE1
Port I/O Crossbar Control 0
194
124
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
Table 13.3. Special Function Registers (Continued)
SFRs are listed in alphabetical order. All undefined SFR locations are reserved
Register
Address
Description
Page
XBR1
0xE2
Port I/O Crossbar Control 1
195
XBR2
0xC7
Port I/O Crossbar Control 2
196
XBR3
0xC6
Port I/O Crossbar Control 3
197
Note: The CAN registers are not explicitly defined in this datasheet. See Table 22.2 on page 234 for the list of all
available CAN registers.
Rev. 1.2
125
C8051F58x/F59x
14. Interrupts
The C8051F58x/F59x devices include an extended interrupt system supporting a total of 23 interrupt
sources with two priority levels. The allocation of interrupt sources between on-chip peripherals and external inputs pins varies according to the specific version of the device. Each interrupt source has one or
more associated interrupt-pending flag(s) located in an SFR. When a peripheral or external source meets
a valid interrupt condition, the associated interrupt-pending flag is set to logic 1.
If interrupts are enabled for the source, an interrupt request is generated when the interrupt-pending flag is
set. As soon as execution of the current instruction is complete, the CPU generates an LCALL to a predetermined address to begin execution of an interrupt service routine (ISR). Each ISR must end with an RETI
instruction, which returns program execution to the next instruction that would have been executed if the
interrupt request had not occurred. If interrupts are not enabled, the interrupt-pending flag is ignored by the
hardware and program execution continues as normal. (The interrupt-pending flag is set to logic 1 regardless of the interrupt's enable/disable state.)
Each interrupt source can be individually enabled or disabled through the use of an associated interrupt
enable bit in an SFR (IE, EIE1, or EIE2). However, interrupts must first be globally enabled by setting the
EA bit (IE.7) to logic 1 before the individual interrupt enables are recognized. Setting the EA bit to logic 0
disables all interrupt sources regardless of the individual interrupt-enable settings.
Note: Any instruction that clears a bit to disable an interrupt should be immediately followed by an instruction that has two or more opcode bytes. Using EA (global interrupt enable) as an example:
// in 'C':
EA = 0; // clear EA bit.
EA = 0; // this is a dummy instruction with two-byte opcode.
; in assembly:
CLR EA ; clear EA bit.
CLR EA ; this is a dummy instruction with two-byte opcode.
For example, if an interrupt is posted during the execution phase of a "CLR EA" opcode (or any instruction
which clears a bit to disable an interrupt source), and the instruction is followed by a single-cycle instruction, the interrupt may be taken. However, a read of the enable bit will return a 0 inside the interrupt service
routine. When the bit-clearing opcode is followed by a multi-cycle instruction, the interrupt will not be taken.
Some interrupt-pending flags are automatically cleared by the hardware when the CPU vectors to the ISR.
However, most are not cleared by the hardware and must be cleared by software before returning from the
ISR. If an interrupt-pending flag remains set after the CPU completes the return-from-interrupt (RETI)
instruction, a new interrupt request will be generated immediately and the CPU will re-enter the ISR after
the completion of the next instruction.
14.1. MCU Interrupt Sources and Vectors
The C8051F58x/F59x MCUs support 23 interrupt sources. Software can simulate an interrupt by setting
any interrupt-pending flag to logic 1. If interrupts are enabled for the flag, an interrupt request will be generated and the CPU will vector to the ISR address associated with the interrupt-pending flag. MCU interrupt
sources, associated vector addresses, priority order and control bits are summarized in Table 14.1. Refer
to the datasheet section associated with a particular on-chip peripheral for information regarding valid
interrupt conditions for the peripheral and the behavior of its interrupt-pending flag(s).
126
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
14.1.1. Interrupt Priorities
Each interrupt source can be individually programmed to one of two priority levels: low or high. A low priority interrupt service routine can be preempted by a high priority interrupt. A high priority interrupt cannot be
preempted. Each interrupt has an associated interrupt priority bit in an SFR (IE, EIP1, or EIP2) used to
configure its priority level. Low priority is the default. If two interrupts are recognized simultaneously, the
interrupt with the higher priority is serviced first. If both interrupts have the same priority level, a fixed priority order is used to arbitrate, given in Table 14.1.
14.1.2. Interrupt Latency
Interrupt response time depends on the state of the CPU when the interrupt occurs. Pending interrupts are
sampled and priority decoded each system clock cycle. Therefore, the fastest possible response time is 5
system clock cycles: 1 clock cycle to detect the interrupt and 4 clock cycles to complete the LCALL to the
ISR. If an interrupt is pending when a RETI is executed, a single instruction is executed before an LCALL
is made to service the pending interrupt. Therefore, the maximum response time for an interrupt (when no
other interrupt is currently being serviced or the new interrupt is of greater priority) occurs when the CPU is
performing an RETI instruction followed by a DIV as the next instruction. In this case, the response time is
18 system clock cycles: 1 clock cycle to detect the interrupt, 5 clock cycles to execute the RETI, 8 clock
cycles to complete the DIV instruction and 4 clock cycles to execute the LCALL to the ISR. If the CPU is
executing an ISR for an interrupt with equal or higher priority, the new interrupt will not be serviced until the
current ISR completes, including the RETI and following instruction.
Rev. 1.2
127
C8051F58x/F59x
Interrupt
Vector
Priority
Order
Reset
0x0000
Top
None
External Interrupt 0
(INT0)
Timer 0 Overflow
External Interrupt 1
(INT1)
Timer 1 Overflow
UART0
0x0003
0
IE0 (TCON.1)
N/A N/A Always
Always
Enabled
Highest
Y
Y
EX0 (IE.0) PX0 (IP.0)
0x000B
0x0013
1
2
TF0 (TCON.5)
IE1 (TCON.3)
Y
Y
Y
Y
ET0 (IE.1) PT0 (IP.1)
EX1 (IE.2) PX1 (IP.2)
0x001B
0x0023
3
4
Y
Y
Y
N
ET1 (IE.3) PT1 (IP.3)
ES0 (IE.4) PS0 (IP.4)
Timer 2 Overflow
0x002B
5
Y
N
ET2 (IE.5) PT2 (IP.5)
SPI0
0x0033
6
Y
N
ESPI0
(IE.6)
PSPI0
(IP.6)
SMB0
0x003B
7
TF1 (TCON.7)
RI0 (SCON0.0)
TI0 (SCON0.1)
TF2H (TMR2CN.7)
TF2L (TMR2CN.6)
SPIF (SPI0CN.7)
WCOL (SPI0CN.6)
MODF (SPI0CN.5)
RXOVRN (SPI0CN.4)
SI (SMB0CN.0)
Y
N
ADC0 Window Compare
ADC0 Conversion
Complete
Programmable Counter Array 0
0x0043
8
Y
N
0x004B
9
AD0WINT
(ADC0CN.3)
AD0INT (ADC0CN.5)
Y
N
0x0053
10
Y
N
PSMB0
(EIP1.0)
PWADC0
(EIP1.1)
PADC0
(EIP1.2)
PPCA0
(EIP1.3)
Comparator0
0x005B
11
N
N
Comparator1
0x0063
12
Timer 3 Overflow
0x006B
13
LIN0
0x0073
14
CF (PCA0CN.7)
CCFn (PCA0CN.n)
COVF (PCA0PWM.6)
CP0FIF (CPT0CN.4)
CP0RIF (CPT0CN.5)
CP1FIF (CPT1CN.4)
CP1RIF (CPT1CN.5)
TF3H (TMR3CN.7)
TF3L (TMR3CN.6)
LIN0INT (LINST.3)
ESMB0
(EIE1.0)
EWADC0
(EIE1.1)
EADC0
(EIE1.2)
EPCA0
(EIE1.3)
Voltage Regulator
Dropout
CAN0
0x007B
15
N/A
0x0083
16
Port Match
0x008B
17
CAN0INT
(CAN0CN.7)
None
128
Pending Flag
Rev. 1.2
Cleared by HW?
Interrupt Source
Bit addressable?
Table 14.1. Interrupt Summary
Enable
Flag
ECP0
(EIE1.4)
N
N
ECP1
(EIE1.5)
N
N
ET3
(EIE1.6)
N
N* ELIN0
(EIE1.7)
N/A N/A EREG0
(EIE2.0)
N
Y
ECAN0
(EIE2.1)
N/A N/A EMAT
(EIE2.2)
Priority
Control
PCP0
(EIP1.4)
PCP1
(EIP1.5)
PT3
(EIP1.6)
PLIN0
(EIP1.7)
PREG0
(EIP2.0)
PCAN0
(EIP2.1)
PMAT
(EIP2.2)
C8051F58x/F59x
Interrupt
Vector
Priority
Order
UART1
0x0093
18
Programmable Counter Array 1
Comparator2
0x009B
19
0x00A3
20
Timer 4 Overflow
0x00AB
21
Timer 5 Overflow
0x00B3
22
Pending Flag
Cleared by HW?
Interrupt Source
Bit addressable?
Table 14.1. Interrupt Summary
RI1 (SCON1.0)
TI1 (SCON1.1)
CF (PCA1CN.n)
CCFn (PCA1CN.n)
CP2FIF (CPT2CN.4)
CP2RIF (CPT2CN.5)
TF4H (TMR4CN.7)
TR4L (TMR4CN.6)
TF5H (TMR5CN.7)
TF5L (TMR5CN.6)
Y
N
Y
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
Enable
Flag
ES1
(EIE2.3)
EPCA1
(EIE2.4)
ECP2
(EIE2.5)
ET4
(EIE2.6)
ET5
(EIE2.7)
Priority
Control
PS1
(EIP2.3)
PPCA1
(EIP2.4)
PCP2
(EIP2.5)
PT4
(EIP2.6)
PT5
(EIP2.7)
*Note: The LIN0INT bit is cleared by setting RSTINT (LINCTRL.3)
14.2. Interrupt Register Descriptions
The SFRs used to enable the interrupt sources and set their priority level are described in this section.
Refer to the data sheet section associated with a particular on-chip peripheral for information regarding
valid interrupt conditions for the peripheral and the behavior of its interrupt-pending flag(s).
Rev. 1.2
129
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 14.1. IE: Interrupt Enable
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Name
EA
ESPI0
ET2
ES0
ET1
EX1
ET0
EX0
Type
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0xA8; Bit-Addressable; SFR Page = All Pages
Bit
Name
Function
7
EA
6
ESPI0
5
ET2
Enable Timer 2 Interrupt.
This bit sets the masking of the Timer 2 interrupt.
0: Disable Timer 2 interrupt.
1: Enable interrupt requests generated by the TF2L or TF2H flags.
4
ES0
Enable UART0 Interrupt.
This bit sets the masking of the UART0 interrupt.
0: Disable UART0 interrupt.
1: Enable UART0 interrupt.
3
ET1
Enable Timer 1 Interrupt.
This bit sets the masking of the Timer 1 interrupt.
0: Disable all Timer 1 interrupt.
1: Enable interrupt requests generated by the TF1 flag.
2
EX1
Enable External Interrupt 1.
This bit sets the masking of External Interrupt 1.
0: Disable external interrupt 1.
1: Enable interrupt requests generated by the INT1 input.
1
ET0
Enable Timer 0 Interrupt.
This bit sets the masking of the Timer 0 interrupt.
0: Disable all Timer 0 interrupt.
1: Enable interrupt requests generated by the TF0 flag.
0
EX0
Enable External Interrupt 0.
This bit sets the masking of External Interrupt 0.
0: Disable external interrupt 0.
1: Enable interrupt requests generated by the INT0 input.
130
Enable All Interrupts.
Globally enables/disables all interrupts. It overrides individual interrupt mask settings.
0: Disable all interrupt sources.
1: Enable each interrupt according to its individual mask setting.
Enable Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI0) Interrupt.
This bit sets the masking of the SPI0 interrupts.
0: Disable all SPI0 interrupts.
1: Enable interrupt requests generated by SPI0.
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 14.2. IP: Interrupt Priority
Bit
7
Name
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
PSPI0
PT2
PS0
PT1
PX1
PT0
PX0
Type
R
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0xB8; Bit-Addressable; SFR Page = All Pages
Bit
Name
Function
7
Unused
Read = 1b, Write = Don't Care.
6
PSPI0
5
PT2
Timer 2 Interrupt Priority Control.
This bit sets the priority of the Timer 2 interrupt.
0: Timer 2 interrupt set to low priority level.
1: Timer 2 interrupt set to high priority level.
4
PS0
UART0 Interrupt Priority Control.
This bit sets the priority of the UART0 interrupt.
0: UART0 interrupt set to low priority level.
1: UART0 interrupt set to high priority level.
3
PT1
Timer 1 Interrupt Priority Control.
This bit sets the priority of the Timer 1 interrupt.
0: Timer 1 interrupt set to low priority level.
1: Timer 1 interrupt set to high priority level.
2
PX1
External Interrupt 1 Priority Control.
This bit sets the priority of the External Interrupt 1 interrupt.
0: External Interrupt 1 set to low priority level.
1: External Interrupt 1 set to high priority level.
1
PT0
Timer 0 Interrupt Priority Control.
This bit sets the priority of the Timer 0 interrupt.
0: Timer 0 interrupt set to low priority level.
1: Timer 0 interrupt set to high priority level.
0
PX0
External Interrupt 0 Priority Control.
This bit sets the priority of the External Interrupt 0 interrupt.
0: External Interrupt 0 set to low priority level.
1: External Interrupt 0 set to high priority level.
Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI0) Interrupt Priority Control.
This bit sets the priority of the SPI0 interrupt.
0: SPI0 interrupt set to low priority level.
1: SPI0 interrupt set to high priority level.
Rev. 1.2
131
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 14.3. EIE1: Extended Interrupt Enable 1
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Name
ELIN0
ET3
ECP1
ECP0
EPCA0
EADC0
EWADC0
ESMB0
Type
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0xE6; SFR Page = All Pages
Bit
Name
Function
7
ELIN0
6
ET3
5
ECP1
Enable Comparator1 (CP1) Interrupt.
This bit sets the masking of the CP1 interrupt.
0: Disable CP1 interrupts.
1: Enable interrupt requests generated by the CP1RIF or CP1FIF flags.
4
ECP0
Enable Comparator0 (CP0) Interrupt.
This bit sets the masking of the CP0 interrupt.
0: Disable CP0 interrupts.
1: Enable interrupt requests generated by the CP0RIF or CP0FIF flags.
3
EPCA0
Enable Programmable Counter Array (PCA0) Interrupt.
This bit sets the masking of the PCA0 interrupts.
0: Disable all PCA0 interrupts.
1: Enable interrupt requests generated by PCA0.
2
EADC0
Enable ADC0 Conversion Complete Interrupt.
This bit sets the masking of the ADC0 Conversion Complete interrupt.
0: Disable ADC0 Conversion Complete interrupt.
1: Enable interrupt requests generated by the AD0INT flag.
1
0
132
Enable LIN0 Interrupt.
This bit sets the masking of the LIN0 interrupt.
0: Disable LIN0 interrupts.
1: Enable interrupt requests generated by the LIN0INT flag.
Enable Timer 3 Interrupt.
This bit sets the masking of the Timer 3 interrupt.
0: Disable Timer 3 interrupts.
1: Enable interrupt requests generated by the TF3L or TF3H flags.
EWADC0 Enable Window Comparison ADC0 Interrupt.
This bit sets the masking of ADC0 Window Comparison interrupt.
0: Disable ADC0 Window Comparison interrupt.
1: Enable interrupt requests generated by ADC0 Window Compare flag (AD0WINT).
ESMB0
Enable SMBus (SMB0) Interrupt.
This bit sets the masking of the SMB0 interrupt.
0: Disable all SMB0 interrupts.
1: Enable interrupt requests generated by SMB0.
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 14.4. EIP1: Extended Interrupt Priority 1
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Name
PLIN0
PT3
PCP1
PCP0
PPCA0
PADC0
PWADC0
PSMB0
Type
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0xF6; SFR Page = All Pages
Bit
Name
Function
7
PLIN0
6
PT3
Timer 3 Interrupt Priority Control.
This bit sets the priority of the Timer 3 interrupt.
0: Timer 3 interrupts set to low priority level.
1: Timer 3 interrupts set to high priority level.
5
PCP1
Comparator0 (CP1) Interrupt Priority Control.
This bit sets the priority of the CP1 interrupt.
0: CP1 interrupt set to low priority level.
1: CP1 interrupt set to high priority level.
4
PCP0
Comparator0 (CP0) Interrupt Priority Control.
This bit sets the priority of the CP0 interrupt.
0: CP0 interrupt set to low priority level.
1: CP0 interrupt set to high priority level.
3
PPCA0
Programmable Counter Array (PCA0) Interrupt Priority Control.
This bit sets the priority of the PCA0 interrupt.
0: PCA0 interrupt set to low priority level.
1: PCA0 interrupt set to high priority level.
2
PADC0
ADC0 Conversion Complete Interrupt Priority Control.
This bit sets the priority of the ADC0 Conversion Complete interrupt.
0: ADC0 Conversion Complete interrupt set to low priority level.
1: ADC0 Conversion Complete interrupt set to high priority level.
1
0
LIN0 Interrupt Priority Control.
This bit sets the priority of the LIN0 interrupt.
0: LIN0 interrupts set to low priority level.
1: LIN0 interrupts set to high priority level.
PWADC0 ADC0 Window Comparator Interrupt Priority Control.
This bit sets the priority of the ADC0 Window interrupt.
0: ADC0 Window interrupt set to low priority level.
1: ADC0 Window interrupt set to high priority level.
PSMB0
SMBus (SMB0) Interrupt Priority Control.
This bit sets the priority of the SMB0 interrupt.
0: SMB0 interrupt set to low priority level.
1: SMB0 interrupt set to high priority level.
Rev. 1.2
133
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 14.5. EIE2: Extended Interrupt Enable 2
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Name
ET5
ET4
ECP2
EPCA1
ES1
EMAT
ECAN0
EREG0
Type
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0xE7; SFR Page = All Pages
Bit
Name
Function
7
ET5
Enable Timer 5 Interrupt.
This bit sets the masking of the Timer 5 interrupt.
0: Disable Timer 5 interrupts.
1: Enable interrupt requests generated by the TF5L or TF5H flags.
6
ET4
Enable Timer 4 Interrupt.
This bit sets the masking of the Timer 4 interrupt.
0: Disable Timer 4 interrupts.
1: Enable interrupt requests generated by the TF4L or TF4H flags.
5
ECP2
4
EPCA1
3
ES1
2
EMAT
1
ECAN0
Enable CAN0 Interrupts.
This bit sets the masking of the CAN0 interrupt.
0: Disable all CAN0 interrupts.
1: Enable interrupt requests generated by CAN0.
0
EREG0
Enable Voltage Regulator Dropout Interrupt.
This bit sets the masking of the Voltage Regulator Dropout interrupt.
0: Disable the Voltage Regulator Dropout interrupt.
1: Enable the Voltage Regulator Dropout interrupt.
134
Enable Comparator2 (CP2) Interrupt.
This bit sets the masking of the CP2 interrupt.
0: Disable CP2 interrupts.
1: Enable interrupt requests generated by the CP2RIF or CP2FIF flags.
Enable Programmable Counter Array (PCA1) Interrupt.
This bit sets the masking of the PCA1 interrupts.
0: Disable all PCA1 interrupts.
1: Enable interrupt requests generated by PCA1
Enable UART1 Interrupt.
This bit sets the masking of the UART1 interrupt.
0: Disable UART1 interrupt.
1: Enable UART1 interrupt
Enable Port Match Interrupt.
This bit sets the masking of the Port Match interrupt.
0: Disable all Port Match interrupts.
1: Enable interrupt requests generated by a Port Match
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 14.6. EIP2: Extended Interrupt Priority Enabled 2
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
Name
2
1
0
PMAT
PCAN0
PREG0
Type
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0xF7; SFR Page = All Pages
Bit
Name
Function
7
PT5
Timer 5 Interrupt Priority Control.
This bit sets the priority of the Timer 5 interrupt.
0: Timer 5 interrupts set to low priority level.
1: Timer 5 interrupts set to high priority level.
6
PT4
Timer 4 Interrupt Priority Control.
This bit sets the priority of the Timer 4 interrupt.
0: Timer 4 interrupts set to low priority level.
1: Timer 4 interrupts set to high priority level.
5
PCP2
Comparator1 (CP1) Interrupt Priority Control.
This bit sets the priority of the CP1 interrupt.
0: CP1 interrupt set to low priority level.
1: CP1 interrupt set to high priority level.
4
PPCA1
3
PS1
2
PMAT
1
PCAN0
CAN0 Interrupt Priority Control.
This bit sets the priority of the CAN0 interrupt.
0: CAN0 interrupt set to low priority level.
1: CAN0 interrupt set to high priority level.
0
PREG0
Voltage Regulator Dropout Interrupt Priority Control.
This bit sets the priority of the Voltage Regulator Dropout interrupt.
0: Voltage Regulator Dropout interrupt set to low priority level.
1: Voltage Regulator Dropout interrupt set to high priority level.
Programmable Counter Array (PCA1) Interrupt Priority Control.
This bit sets the priority of the PCA1 interrupt.
0: PCA1 interrupt set to low priority level.
1: PCA1 interrupt set to high priority level.
UART1 Interrupt Priority Control.
This bit sets the priority of the UART1 interrupt.
0: UART1 interrupt set to low priority level.
1: UART1 interrupt set to high priority level.
Port Match Interrupt Priority Control.
This bit sets the priority of the Port Match interrupt.
0: Port Match interrupt set to low priority level.
1: Port Match interrupt set to high priority level.
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14.3. External Interrupts INT0 and INT1
The INT0 and INT1 external interrupt sources are configurable as active high or low, edge or level sensitive. The IN0PL (INT0 Polarity) and IN1PL (INT1 Polarity) bits in the IT01CF register select active high or
active low; the IT0 and IT1 bits in TCON (Section “27.1. Timer 0 and Timer 1” on page 285) select level or
edge sensitive. The table below lists the possible configurations.
IT0
IN0PL
INT0 Interrupt
IT1
IN1PL
INT1 Interrupt
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
Active low, edge sensitive
Active high, edge sensitive
Active low, level sensitive
Active high, level sensitive
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
Active low, edge sensitive
Active high, edge sensitive
Active low, level sensitive
Active high, level sensitive
INT0 and INT1 are assigned to Port pins as defined in the IT01CF register (see SFR Definition 14.7). Note
that INT0 and INT0 Port pin assignments are independent of any Crossbar assignments. INT0 and INT1
will monitor their assigned Port pins without disturbing the peripheral that was assigned the Port pin via the
Crossbar. To assign a Port pin only to INT0 and/or INT1, configure the Crossbar to skip the selected pin(s).
This is accomplished by setting the associated bit in register XBR0 (see Section “20.3. Priority Crossbar
Decoder” on page 190 for complete details on configuring the Crossbar).
IE0 (TCON.1) and IE1 (TCON.3) serve as the interrupt-pending flags for the INT0 and INT1 external interrupts, respectively. If an INT0 or INT1 external interrupt is configured as edge-sensitive, the corresponding
interrupt-pending flag is automatically cleared by the hardware when the CPU vectors to the ISR. When
configured as level sensitive, the interrupt-pending flag remains logic 1 while the input is active as defined
by the corresponding polarity bit (IN0PL or IN1PL); the flag remains logic 0 while the input is inactive. The
external interrupt source must hold the input active until the interrupt request is recognized. It must then
deactivate the interrupt request before execution of the ISR completes or another interrupt request will be
generated.
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SFR Definition 14.7. IT01CF: INT0/INT1 Configuration
Bit
7
6
Name
IN1PL
IN1SL[2:0]
IN0PL
IN0SL[2:0]
Type
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset
0
0
5
0
4
0
SFR Address = 0xE4; SFR Page = 0x0F
Bit
Name
7
6:4
3
2:0
IN1PL
3
0
2
0
1
0
0
0
Function
INT1 Polarity.
0: INT1 input is active low.
1: INT1 input is active high.
IN1SL[2:0] INT1 Port Pin Selection Bits.
These bits select which Port pin is assigned to INT1. Note that this pin assignment is
independent of the Crossbar; INT1 will monitor the assigned Port pin without disturbing the peripheral that has been assigned the Port pin via the Crossbar. The Crossbar
will not assign the Port pin to a peripheral if it is configured to skip the selected pin.
000: Select P1.0
001: Select P1.1
010: Select P1.2
011: Select P1.3
100: Select P1.4
101: Select P1.5
110: Select P1.6
111: Select P1.7
IN0PL
INT0 Polarity.
0: INT0 input is active low.
1: INT0 input is active high.
IN0SL[2:0] INT0 Port Pin Selection Bits.
These bits select which Port pin is assigned to INT0. Note that this pin assignment is
independent of the Crossbar; INT0 will monitor the assigned Port pin without disturbing the peripheral that has been assigned the Port pin via the Crossbar. The Crossbar
will not assign the Port pin to a peripheral if it is configured to skip the selected pin.
000: Select P1.0
001: Select P1.1
010: Select P1.2
011: Select P1.3
100: Select P1.4
101: Select P1.5
110: Select P1.6
111: Select P1.7
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C8051F58x/F59x
15. Flash Memory
On-chip, re-programmable Flash memory is included for program code and non-volatile data storage. The
Flash memory can be programmed in-system, a single byte at a time, through the C2 interface or by software using the MOVX instruction. Once cleared to logic 0, a Flash bit must be erased to set it back to
logic 1. Flash bytes would typically be erased (set to 0xFF) before being reprogrammed. The write and
erase operations are automatically timed by hardware for proper execution; data polling to determine the
end of the write/erase operation is not required. Code execution is stalled during a Flash write/erase operation. Refer to Table 5.5 for complete Flash memory electrical characteristics.
15.1. Programming The Flash Memory
The simplest means of programming the Flash memory is through the C2 interface using programming
tools provided by Silicon Labs or a third party vendor. This is the only means for programming a non-initialized device. For details on the C2 commands to program Flash memory, see Section “30. C2 Interface” on
page 349.
To ensure the integrity of Flash contents, the on-chip VDD Monitor must be enabled and set to the high
threshold when executing code that writes and/or erases Flash memory from software. See Section 15.4
for more details. Before performing any Flash write or erase procedure, set the FLEWT bit in Flash Scale
register (FLSCL) to 1. Also, note that 8-bit MOVX instructions cannot be used to erase or write to Flash
memory at addresses higher than 0x00FF.
15.1.1. Flash Lock and Key Functions
Flash writes and erases by user software are protected with a lock and key function. The Flash Lock and
Key Register (FLKEY) must be written with the correct key codes, in sequence, before Flash operations
may be performed. The key codes are: 0xA5, 0xF1. The timing does not matter, but the codes must be
written in order. If the key codes are written out of order, or the wrong codes are written, Flash writes and
erases will be disabled until the next system reset. Flash writes and erases will also be disabled if a Flash
write or erase is attempted before the key codes have been written properly. The Flash lock resets after
each write or erase; the key codes must be written again before a following Flash operation can be performed. The FLKEY register is detailed in SFR Definition 15.2.
15.1.2. Flash Erase Procedure
The Flash memory can be programmed by software using the MOVX write instruction with the address and
data byte to be programmed provided as normal operands. Before writing to Flash memory using MOVX,
Flash write operations must be enabled by doing the following: (1) setting the PSWE Program Store Write
Enable bit (PSCTL.0) to logic 1 (this directs the MOVX writes to target Flash memory); and (2) Writing the
Flash key codes in sequence to the Flash Lock register (FLKEY). The PSWE bit remains set until cleared
by software.
A write to Flash memory can clear bits to logic 0 but cannot set them; only an erase operation can set bits
to logic 1 in Flash. A byte location to be programmed should be erased before a new value is written.
The Flash memory is organized in 512-byte pages. The erase operation applies to an entire page (setting
all bytes in the page to 0xFF). To erase an entire 512-byte page, perform the following steps:
1. Disable interrupts (recommended).
2. If erasing a page in Banks 1, 2, or 3, set the COBANK[1:0] bits (register PSBANK) for the appropriate
bank.
3. Set the PSEE bit (register PSCTL).
4. Set the PSWE bit (register PSCTL).
5. Write the first key code to FLKEY: 0xA5.
6. Write the second key code to FLKEY: 0xF1.
7. Using the MOVX instruction, write a data byte to any location within the 512-byte page to be erased.
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8. Clear the PSWE and PSEE bits.
15.1.3. Flash Write Procedure
Flash bytes are programmed by software with the following sequence:
1. Disable interrupts (recommended).
2. If writing to an address in Banks 1, 2, or 3, set the COBANK[1:0] (register PSBANK) for the appropriate
bank.
3. Erase the 512-byte Flash page containing the target location, as described in Section 15.1.2.
4. Set the PSWE bit (register PSCTL).
5. Clear the PSEE bit (register PSCTL).
6. Write the first key code to FLKEY: 0xA5.
7. Write the second key code to FLKEY: 0xF1.
8. Using the MOVX instruction, write a single data byte to the desired location within the 512-byte sector.
9. Clear the PSWE bit.
Steps 5–7 must be repeated for each byte to be written. After Flash writes are complete, PSWE should be
cleared so that MOVX instructions do not target program memory.
15.1.4. Flash Write Optimization
The Flash write procedure includes a block write option to optimize the time to perform consecutive byte
writes. When block write is enabled by setting the CHBLKW bit (CCH0CN.0), writes to two consecutive
bytes in Flash require the same amount of time as a single byte write. This is performed by caching the first
byte that is written to Flash and then committing both bytes to Flash when the second byte is written. When
block writes are enabled, if the second write does not occur, the first data byte written is not actually written
to Flash. Flash bytes with block write enabled are programmed by software with the following sequence:
1. Disable interrupts (recommended).
2. If writing to an address in Banks 1, 2, or 3, set the COBANK[1:0] bits (register PSBANK) for the
appropriate bank
3. Erase the 512-byte Flash page containing the target location, as described in Section 15.1.2.
4. Set the CHBLKW bit (register CCH0CN).
5. Set the PSWE bit (register PSCTL).
6. Clear the PSEE bit (register PSCTL).
7. Write the first key code to FLKEY: 0xA5.
8. Write the second key code to FLKEY: 0xF1.
9. Using the MOVX instruction, write the first data byte to the desired location within the 512-byte sector.
10.Write the first key code to FLKEY: 0xA5.
11. Write the second key code to FLKEY: 0xF1.
12.Using the MOVX instruction, write the second data byte to the desired location within the 512-byte
sector. The location of the second byte must be the next higher address from the first data byte.
13.Clear the PSWE bit.
14.Clear the CHBLKW bit.
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15.2. Non-volatile Data Storage
The Flash memory can be used for non-volatile data storage as well as program code. This allows data
such as calibration coefficients to be calculated and stored at run time. Data is written using the MOVX
write instruction and read using the MOVC instruction. Note: MOVX read instructions always target XRAM.
15.3. Security Options
The CIP-51 provides security options to protect the Flash memory from inadvertent modification by software as well as to prevent the viewing of proprietary program code and constants. The Program Store
Write Enable (bit PSWE in register PSCTL) and the Program Store Erase Enable (bit PSEE in register
PSCTL) bits protect the Flash memory from accidental modification by software. PSWE must be explicitly
set to 1 before software can modify the Flash memory; both PSWE and PSEE must be set to 1 before software can erase Flash memory. Additional security features prevent proprietary program code and data
constants from being read or altered across the C2 interface.
A Security Lock Byte located at the last byte of Flash user space offers protection of the Flash program
memory from access (reads, writes, or erases) by unprotected code or the C2 interface. The Flash security
mechanism allows the user to lock n 512-byte Flash pages, starting at page 0 (addresses 0x0000 to
0x01FF), where n is the ones complement number represented by the Security Lock Byte. Note that the
page containing the Flash Security Lock Byte is unlocked when no other Flash pages are locked
(all bits of the Lock Byte are 1) and locked when any other Flash pages are locked (any bit of the
Lock Byte is 0). See example in Figure 15.1.
Reserved Area
Locked when
any other FLASH
pages are locked
Lock Byte
Lock Byte Page
Unlocked FLASH Pages
Access limit set
according to the
FLASH security
lock byte
Locked Flash Pages
Security Lock Byte:
1s Complement:
Flash pages locked:
11111101b
00000010b
3 (First two Flash pages + Lock Byte Page)
Figure 15.1. Flash Program Memory Map
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The level of Flash security depends on the Flash access method. The three Flash access methods that
can be restricted are reads, writes, and erases from the C2 debug interface, user firmware executing on
unlocked pages, and user firmware executing on locked pages. Table 15.1 summarizes the Flash security
features of the C8051F58x/F59x devices.
Table 15.1. Flash Security Summary
Action
C2 Debug
Interface
User Firmware executing from:
an unlocked page
a locked page
Permitted
Permitted
Permitted
Not Permitted
Flash Error Reset
Permitted
Read or Write page containing Lock Byte
(if no pages are locked)
Permitted
Permitted
Permitted
Read or Write page containing Lock Byte
(if any page is locked)
Not Permitted
Flash Error Reset
Permitted
Read contents of Lock Byte
(if no pages are locked)
Permitted
Permitted
Permitted
Read contents of Lock Byte
(if any page is locked)
Not Permitted
Flash Error Reset
Permitted
Read, Write or Erase unlocked pages
(except page with Lock Byte)
Read, Write or Erase locked pages
(except page with Lock Byte)
Erase page containing Lock Byte
(if no pages are locked)
Permitted
Flash Error Reset Flash Error Reset
C2 Device
Erase Only
Flash Error Reset Flash Error Reset
Lock additional pages
(change 1s to '0's in the Lock Byte)
Not Permitted
Flash Error Reset Flash Error Reset
Unlock individual pages
(change 0s to 1s in the Lock Byte)
Not Permitted
Flash Error Reset Flash Error Reset
Read, Write or Erase Reserved Area
Not Permitted
Flash Error Reset Flash Error Reset
Erase page containing Lock Byte—Unlock all
pages (if any page is locked)
C2 Device Erase—Erases all Flash pages including the page containing the Lock Byte.
Flash Error Reset—Not permitted; Causes Flash Error Device Reset (FERROR bit in RSTSRC is '1' after
reset).
- All prohibited operations that are performed via the C2 interface are ignored (do not cause device reset).
- Locking any Flash page also locks the page containing the Lock Byte.
- Once written to, the Lock Byte cannot be modified except by performing a C2 Device Erase.
- If user code writes to the Lock Byte, the Lock does not take effect until the next device reset.
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15.4. Flash Write and Erase Guidelines
Any system which contains routines which write or erase Flash memory from software involves some risk
that the write or erase routines will execute unintentionally if the CPU is operating outside its specified
operating range of VDD, system clock frequency, or temperature. This accidental execution of Flash modifying code can result in alteration of Flash memory contents causing a system failure that is only recoverable by re-Flashing the code in the device.
The following guidelines are recommended for any system which contains routines which write or erase
Flash from code.
15.4.1. VDD Maintenance and the VDD monitor
1. If the system power supply is subject to voltage or current "spikes," add sufficient transient protection
devices to the power supply to ensure that the supply voltages listed in the Absolute Maximum Ratings
table are not exceeded.
2. Make certain that the minimum VDD rise time specification of 1 ms is met. If the system cannot meet
this rise time specification, then add an external VDD brownout circuit to the RST pin of the device that
holds the device in reset until VDD reaches the minimum threshold and re-asserts RST if VDD drops
below the minimum threshold.
3. Enable the on-chip VDD monitor and enable the VDD monitor as a reset source as early in code as
possible. This should be the first set of instructions executed after the Reset Vector. For C-based
systems, this will involve modifying the startup code added by the C compiler. See your compiler
documentation for more details. Make certain that there are no delays in software between enabling the
VDD monitor and enabling the VDD monitor as a reset source. Code examples showing this can be
found in “AN201: Writing to Flash from Firmware", available from the Silicon Laboratories web site.
4. As an added precaution, explicitly enable the VDD monitor and enable the VDD monitor as a reset
source inside the functions that write and erase Flash memory. The VDD monitor enable instructions
should be placed just after the instruction to set PSWE to a 1, but before the Flash write or erase
operation instruction.
5. Make certain that all writes to the RSTSRC (Reset Sources) register use direct assignment operators
and explicitly DO NOT use the bit-wise operators (such as AND or OR). For example, "RSTSRC =
0x02" is correct. "RSTSRC |= 0x02" is incorrect.
6. Make certain that all writes to the RSTSRC register explicitly set the PORSF bit to a 1. Areas to check
are initialization code which enables other reset sources, such as the Missing Clock Detector or
Comparator, for example, and instructions which force a Software Reset. A global search on "RSTSRC"
can quickly verify this.
15.4.2. PSWE Maintenance
1. Reduce the number of places in code where the PSWE bit (b0 in PSCTL) is set to a 1. There should be
exactly one routine in code that sets PSWE to a 1 to write Flash bytes and one routine in code that sets
PSWE and PSEE both to a 1 to erase Flash pages.
2. Minimize the number of variable accesses while PSWE is set to a 1. Handle pointer address updates
and loop variable maintenance outside the "PSWE = 1;... PSWE = 0;" area. Code examples showing
this can be found in ”AN201: Writing to Flash from Firmware" available from the Silicon Laboratories
web site.
3. Disable interrupts prior to setting PSWE to a 1 and leave them disabled until after PSWE has been
reset to 0. Any interrupts posted during the Flash write or erase operation will be serviced in priority
order after the Flash operation has been completed and interrupts have been re-enabled by software.
4. Make certain that the Flash write and erase pointer variables are not located in XRAM. See your
compiler documentation for instructions regarding how to explicitly locate variables in different memory
areas.
5. Add address bounds checking to the routines that write or erase Flash memory to ensure that a routine
called with an illegal address does not result in modification of the Flash.
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15.4.3. System Clock
1. If operating from an external crystal, be advised that crystal performance is susceptible to electrical
interference and is sensitive to layout and to changes in temperature. If the system is operating in an
electrically noisy environment, use the internal oscillator or use an external CMOS clock.
2. If operating from the external oscillator, switch to the internal oscillator during Flash write or erase
operations. The external oscillator can continue to run, and the CPU can switch back to the external
oscillator after the Flash operation has completed.
Additional Flash recommendations and example code can be found in ”AN201: Writing to Flash from Firmware" available from the Silicon Laboratories web site.
SFR Definition 15.1. PSCTL: Program Store R/W Control
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
Name
1
0
PSEE
PSWE
Type
R
R
R
R
R
R
R/W
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0x8F; SFR Page = 0x00
Bit
Name
7:2
Unused
1
PSEE
Function
Read = 000000b, Write = don’t care.
Program Store Erase Enable.
Setting this bit (in combination with PSWE) allows an entire page of Flash program
memory to be erased. If this bit is logic 1 and Flash writes are enabled (PSWE is logic
1), a write to Flash memory using the MOVX instruction will erase the entire page that
contains the location addressed by the MOVX instruction. The value of the data byte
written does not matter.
0: Flash program memory erasure disabled.
1: Flash program memory erasure enabled.
0
PSWE
Program Store Write Enable.
Setting this bit allows writing a byte of data to the Flash program memory using the
MOVX write instruction. The Flash location should be erased before writing data.
0: Writes to Flash program memory disabled.
1: Writes to Flash program memory enabled; the MOVX write instruction targets Flash
memory.
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SFR Definition 15.2. FLKEY: Flash Lock and Key
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
Name
FLKEY[7:0]
Type
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0xB7; SFR Page = All Pages
Bit
Name
7:0
0
2
1
0
0
0
0
Function
FLKEY[7:0] Flash Lock and Key Register.
Write:
This register provides a lock and key function for Flash erasures and writes. Flash
writes and erases are enabled by writing 0xA5 followed by 0xF1 to the FLKEY register. Flash writes and erases are automatically disabled after the next write or erase is
complete. If any writes to FLKEY are performed incorrectly, or if a Flash write or erase
operation is attempted while these operations are disabled, the Flash will be permanently locked from writes or erasures until the next device reset. If an application
never writes to Flash, it can intentionally lock the Flash by writing a non-0xA5 value to
FLKEY from software.
Read:
When read, bits 1–0 indicate the current Flash lock state.
00: Flash is write/erase locked.
01: The first key code has been written (0xA5).
10: Flash is unlocked (writes/erases allowed).
11: Flash writes/erases disabled until the next reset.
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SFR Definition 15.3. FLSCL: Flash Scale
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Name
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
FLRT
Reserved
Reserved
FLEWT
Reserved
Type
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0xB6; SFR Page = All Pages
Bit
Name
7:5
Reserved
4
FLRT
Function
Must Write 000b.
Flash Read Time Control.
This bit should be programmed to the smallest allowed value, according to the system
clock speed.
0: SYSCLK < 25 MHz (Flash read strobe is one system clock).
1: SYSCLK > 25 MHz (Flash read strobe is two system clocks).
3:2
Reserved
1
FLEWT
Must Write 00b.
Flash Erase Write Time Control.
This bit should be set to 1b before Writing or Erasing Flash.
0: Short Flash Erase / Write Timing.
1: Extended Flash Erase / Write Timing.
0
Reserved
Must Write 0b.
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SFR Definition 15.4. CCH0CN: Cache Control
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Name
Reserved
Reserved
CHPFEN
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
CHBLKW
Type
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
SFR Address = 0xE3; SFR Page = 0x0F
Bit
Name
Function
7:6
Reserved
Must Write 00b
5
CHPFEN
Cache Prefect Enable Bit.
0: Prefetch engine is disabled.
1: Prefetch engine is enabled.
4:1
Reserved
Must Write 0000b.
0
CHBLKW
Block Write Enable Bit.
This bit allows block writes to Flash memory from firmware.
0: Each byte of a software Flash write is written individually.
1: Flash bytes are written in groups of two.
SFR Definition 15.5. ONESHOT: Flash Oneshot Period
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
Name
2
PERIOD[3:0]
Type
R
R
R
R
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
SFR Address = 0xBE; SFR Page = 0x0F
Bit
Name
7:4
3:0
Unused
Function
Read = 0000b. Write = don’t care.
PERIOD[3:0] Oneshot Period Control Bits.
These bits limit the internal Flash read strobe width as follows. When the Flash read
strobe is de-asserted, the Flash memory enters a low-power state for the remainder
of the system clock cycle. These bits have no effect when the system clocks is
greater than 12.5 MHz and FLRT = 0.
FLASH RDMAX = 5ns +  PERIOD  5ns 
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16. Power Management Modes
The C8051F58x/F59x devices have three software programmable power management modes: Idle, Stop,
and Suspend. Idle mode and Stop mode are part of the standard 8051 architecture, while Suspend mode
is an enhanced power-saving mode implemented by the high-speed oscillator peripheral.
Idle mode halts the CPU while leaving the peripherals and clocks active. In Stop mode, the CPU is halted,
all interrupts and timers (except the Missing Clock Detector) are inactive, and the internal oscillator is
stopped (analog peripherals remain in their selected states; the external oscillator is not affected). Suspend mode is similar to Stop mode in that the internal oscillator and CPU are halted, but the device can
wake on events, such as a Port Match or Comparator low output. Since clocks are running in Idle mode,
power consumption is dependent upon the system clock frequency and the number of peripherals left in
active mode before entering Idle. Stop mode and Suspend mode consume the least power because the
majority of the device is shut down with no clocks active. SFR Definition 16.1 describes the Power Control
Register (PCON) used to control the C8051F58x/F59x devices’ Stop and Idle power management modes.
Suspend mode is controlled by the SUSPEND bit in the OSCICN register (SFR Definition 19.2).
Although the C8051F58x/F59x has Idle, Stop, and Suspend modes available, more control over the device
power can be achieved by enabling/disabling individual peripherals as needed. Each analog peripheral
can be disabled when not in use and placed in low power mode. Digital peripherals, such as timers or
serial buses, draw little power when they are not in use. Turning off oscillators lowers power consumption
considerably, at the expense of reduced functionality.
16.1. Idle Mode
Setting the Idle Mode Select bit (PCON.0) causes the hardware to halt the CPU and enter Idle mode as
soon as the instruction that sets the bit completes execution. All internal registers and memory maintain
their original data. All analog and digital peripherals can remain active during Idle mode.
Idle mode is terminated when an enabled interrupt is asserted or a reset occurs. The assertion of an
enabled interrupt will cause the Idle Mode Selection bit (PCON.0) to be cleared and the CPU to resume
operation. The pending interrupt will be serviced and the next instruction to be executed after the return
from interrupt (RETI) will be the instruction immediately following the one that set the Idle Mode Select bit.
If Idle mode is terminated by an internal or external reset, the CIP-51 performs a normal reset sequence
and begins program execution at address 0x0000.
Note: If the instruction following the write of the IDLE bit is a single-byte instruction and an interrupt occurs
during the execution phase of the instruction that sets the IDLE bit, the CPU may not wake from Idle mode
when a future interrupt occurs. Therefore, instructions that set the IDLE bit should be followed by an
instruction that has two or more opcode bytes, for example:
// in ‘C’:
PCON |= 0x01;
PCON = PCON;
// set IDLE bit
// ... followed by a 3-cycle dummy instruction
; in assembly:
ORL PCON, #01h
MOV PCON, PCON
; set IDLE bit
; ... followed by a 3-cycle dummy instruction
If enabled, the Watchdog Timer (WDT) will eventually cause an internal watchdog reset and thereby terminate the Idle mode. This feature protects the system from an unintended permanent shutdown in the event
of an inadvertent write to the PCON register. If this behavior is not desired, the WDT may be disabled by
software prior to entering the Idle mode if the WDT was initially configured to allow this operation. This provides the opportunity for additional power savings, allowing the system to remain in the Idle mode indefinitely, waiting for an external stimulus to wake up the system. Refer to Section “17.6. PCA Watchdog Timer
Reset” on page 154 for more information on the use and configuration of the WDT.
Rev. 1.2
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C8051F58x/F59x
16.2. Stop Mode
Setting the Stop Mode Select bit (PCON.1) causes the controller core to enter Stop mode as soon as the
instruction that sets the bit completes execution. In Stop mode the internal oscillator, CPU, and all digital
peripherals are stopped; the state of the external oscillator circuit is not affected. Each analog peripheral
(including the external oscillator circuit) may be shut down individually prior to entering Stop Mode. Stop
mode can only be terminated by an internal or external reset. On reset, the device performs the normal
reset sequence and begins program execution at address 0x0000.
If enabled, the Missing Clock Detector will cause an internal reset and thereby terminate the Stop mode.
The Missing Clock Detector should be disabled if the CPU is to be put to in STOP mode for longer than the
MCD timeout of 100 µs.
16.3. Suspend Mode
Setting the SUSPEND bit (OSCICN.5) causes the hardware to halt the CPU and the high-frequency internal oscillator, and go into Suspend mode as soon as the instruction that sets the bit completes execution.
All internal registers and memory maintain their original data. Most digital peripherals are not active in Suspend mode. The exception to this is the Port Match feature.
Suspend mode can be terminated by three types of events, a port match (described in Section “20.5. Port
Match” on page 198), a Comparator low output (if enabled), or a device reset event. When Suspend mode
is terminated, the device will continue execution on the instruction following the one that set the SUSPEND
bit. If the wake event was configured to generate an interrupt, the interrupt will be serviced upon waking
the device. If Suspend mode is terminated by an internal or external reset, the CIP-51 performs a normal
reset sequence and begins program execution at address 0x0000.
Note: When entering Suspend mode, firmware must set the ZTCEN bit in REF0CN (SFR Definition 8.1).
148
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 16.1. PCON: Power Control
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Name
GF[5:0]
STOP
IDLE
Type
R/W
R/W
R/W
0
0
Reset
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0x87; SFR Page = All Pages
Bit
Name
7:2
GF[5:0]
0
0
Function
General Purpose Flags 5–0.
These are general purpose flags for use under software control.
1
STOP
Stop Mode Select.
Setting this bit will place the CIP-51 in Stop mode. This bit will always be read as 0.
1: CPU goes into Stop mode (internal oscillator stopped).
0
IDLE
IDLE: Idle Mode Select.
Setting this bit will place the CIP-51 in Idle mode. This bit will always be read as 0.
1: CPU goes into Idle mode. (Shuts off clock to CPU, but clock to Timers, Interrupts,
Serial Ports, and Analog Peripherals are still active.)
Rev. 1.2
149
C8051F58x/F59x
17. Reset Sources
Reset circuitry allows the controller to be easily placed in a predefined default condition. On entry to this
reset state, the following occur:

CIP-51 halts program execution
 Special Function Registers (SFRs) are initialized to their defined reset values
 External Port pins are forced to a known state
 Interrupts and timers are disabled.
All SFRs are reset to the predefined values noted in the SFR detailed descriptions. The contents of internal
data memory are unaffected during a reset; any previously stored data is preserved. However, since the
stack pointer SFR is reset, the stack is effectively lost, even though the data on the stack is not altered.
The Port I/O latches are reset to 0xFF (all logic ones) in open-drain mode. Weak pullups are enabled during and after the reset. For VDD Monitor and power-on resets, the RST pin is driven low until the device
exits the reset state.
On exit from the reset state, the program counter (PC) is reset, and the system clock defaults to the internal oscillator. The Watchdog Timer is enabled with the system clock divided by 12 as its clock source. Program execution begins at location 0x0000.
VDD
Power On Reset
VDD Monitor Reset
Supply
Monitor
Px.x
Px.x
+
-
Comparator 0
'0'
Enable
(wired-OR)
+
C0RSEF
Missing
Clock
Detector
(oneshot)
EN
Reset
Funnel
PCA
WDT
(Software Reset)
SWRSF
Errant
FLASH
Operation
System
Clock
WDT
Enable
MCD
Enable
EN
CIP-51
Microcontroller
Core
System Reset
Extended Interrupt
Handler
Figure 17.1. Reset Sources
150
Rev. 1.2
/RST
C8051F58x/F59x
17.1. Power-On Reset
During power-up, the device is held in a reset state and the RST pin is driven low until VDD settles above
VRST. A delay occurs before the device is released from reset; the delay decreases as the VDD ramp time
increases (VDD ramp time is defined as how fast VDD ramps from 0 V to VRST). Figure 17.2. plots the
power-on and VDD monitor reset timing. The maximum VDD ramp time is 1 ms; slower ramp times may
cause the device to be released from reset before VDD reaches the VRST level. For ramp times less than
1 ms, the power-on reset delay (TPORDelay) is typically less than 0.3 ms.
volts
On exit from a power-on reset, the PORSF flag (RSTSRC.1) is set by hardware to logic 1. When PORSF is
set, all of the other reset flags in the RSTSRC Register are indeterminate (PORSF is cleared by all other
resets). Since all resets cause program execution to begin at the same location (0x0000) software can
read the PORSF flag to determine if a power-up was the cause of reset. The content of internal data memory should be assumed to be undefined after a power-on reset. The VDD monitor is enabled following a
power-on reset.
VDD
2.45
2.25
VRST
VD
D
2.0
1.0
t
Logic HIGH
/RST
TPORDelay
Logic LOW
VDD
Monitor
Reset
Power-On
Reset
Figure 17.2. Power-On and VDD Monitor Reset Timing
Rev. 1.2
151
C8051F58x/F59x
17.2. Power-Fail Reset/VDD Monitor
When a power-down transition or power irregularity causes VDD to drop below VRST, the power supply
monitor will drive the RST pin low and hold the CIP-51 in a reset state (see Figure 17.2). When VDD returns
to a level above VRST, the CIP-51 will be released from the reset state. Note that even though internal data
memory contents are not altered by the power-fail reset, it is impossible to determine if VDD dropped below
the level required for data retention. If the PORSF flag reads 1, the data may no longer be valid. The VDD
monitor is enabled after power-on resets. Its defined state (enabled/disabled) is not altered by any other
reset source. For example, if the VDD monitor is disabled by code and a software reset is performed, the
VDD monitor will still be disabled after the reset. To protect the integrity of Flash contents, the VDD
monitor must be enabled to the higher setting (VDMLVL = 1) and selected as a reset source if software contains routines which erase or write Flash memory. If the VDD monitor is not enabled and
set to the high level, any erase or write performed on Flash memory will cause a Flash Error device
reset.
Important Note: If the VDD monitor is being turned on from a disabled state, it should be enabled before it
is selected as a reset source. Selecting the VDD monitor as a reset source before it is enabled and stabilized may cause a system reset. In some applications, this reset may be undesirable. If this is not desirable
in the application, a delay should be introduced between enabling the monitor and selecting it as a reset
source. The procedure for enabling the VDD monitor and configuring it as a reset source from a disabled
state is as follows:
1. Enable the VDD monitor (VDMEN bit in VDM0CN = 1).
2. If necessary, wait for the VDD monitor to stabilize (see Table 5.4 for the VDD Monitor turn-on time).
Note: This delay should be omitted if software contains routines that erase or write Flash
memory.
3. Select the VDD monitor as a reset source (PORSF bit in RSTSRC = 1).
See Figure 17.2 for VDD monitor timing; note that the power-on-reset delay is not incurred after a VDD
monitor reset. See Table 5.4 for complete electrical characteristics of the VDD monitor.
Note: The output of the internal voltage regulator is calibrated by the MCU immediately after any reset event. The
output of the un-calibrated internal regulator could be below the high threshold setting of the VDD Monitor. If
this is the case and the VDD Monitor is set to the high threshold setting and if the MCU receives a non-power
on reset (POR), the MCU will remain in reset until a POR occurs (i.e., VDD Monitor will keep the device in reset).
A POR will force the VDD Monitor to the low threshold setting which is guaranteed to be below the uncalibrated output of the internal regulator. The device will then exit reset and resume normal operation. It is for
this reason Silicon Labs strongly recommends that the VDD Monitor is always left in the low threshold setting
(i.e. default value upon POR).
When programming the Flash in-system, the VDD Monitor must be set to the high threshold setting. For the
highest system reliability, the time the VDD Monitor is set to the high threshold setting should be minimized
(e.g., setting the VDD Monitor to the high threshold setting just before the Flash write operation and then
changing it back to the low threshold setting immediately after the Flash write operation).
152
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 17.1. VDM0CN: VDD Monitor Control
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Name
VDMEN
VDDSTAT
VDMLVL
Type
R/W
R
R/W
R
R
R
R
R
Reset
Varies
Varies
0
0
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0xFF; SFR Page = 0x00
Bit
Name
7
VDMEN
Function
VDD Monitor Enable.
This bit turns the VDD monitor circuit on/off. The VDD Monitor cannot generate system resets until it is also selected as a reset source in register RSTSRC (SFR Definition 17.2). Selecting the VDD monitor as a reset source before it has stabilized
may generate a system reset. In systems where this reset would be undesirable, a
delay should be introduced between enabling the VDD Monitor and selecting it as a
reset source. See Table 5.4 for the minimum VDD Monitor turn-on time.
0: VDD Monitor Disabled.
1: VDD Monitor Enabled.
6
VDDSTAT
VDD Status.
This bit indicates the current power supply status (VDD Monitor output).
0: VDD is at or below the VDD monitor threshold.
1: VDD is above the VDD monitor threshold.
5
VDMLVL
VDD Monitor Level Select.
0: VDD Monitor Threshold is set to VRST-LOW
1: VDD Monitor Threshold is set to VRST-HIGH. This setting is required for any system includes code that writes to and/or erases Flash.
4:0
Unused
Read = 00000b; Write = Don’t care.
17.3. External Reset
The external RST pin provides a means for external circuitry to force the device into a reset state. Asserting an active-low signal on the RST pin generates a reset; an external pullup and/or decoupling of the RST
pin may be necessary to avoid erroneous noise-induced resets. See Table 5.4 for complete RST pin specifications. The PINRSF flag (RSTSRC.0) is set on exit from an external reset.
17.4. Missing Clock Detector Reset
The Missing Clock Detector (MCD) is a one-shot circuit that is triggered by the system clock. If the system
clock remains high or low formore than the value specified in Table 5.4, the one-shot will time out and generate a reset. After a MCD reset, the MCDRSF flag (RSTSRC.2) will read 1, signifying the MCD as the
reset source; otherwise, this bit reads 0. Writing a 1 to the MCDRSF bit enables the Missing Clock Detector; writing a 0 disables it. The state of the RST pin is unaffected by this reset.
Rev. 1.2
153
C8051F58x/F59x
17.5. Comparator0 Reset
Comparator0 can be configured as a reset source by writing a 1 to the C0RSEF flag (RSTSRC.5).
Comparator0 should be enabled and allowed to settle prior to writing to C0RSEF to prevent any turn-on
chatter on the output from generating an unwanted reset. The Comparator0 reset is active-low: if the noninverting input voltage (on CP0+) is less than the inverting input voltage (on CP0–), the device is put into
the reset state. After a Comparator0 reset, the C0RSEF flag (RSTSRC.5) will read 1 signifying
Comparator0 as the reset source; otherwise, this bit reads 0. The state of the RST pin is unaffected by this
reset.
17.6. PCA Watchdog Timer Reset
The programmable Watchdog Timer (WDT) function of the Programmable Counter Array (PCA0) can be
used to prevent software from running out of control during a system malfunction. The PCA WDT function
can be enabled or disabled by software as described in Section “28.4. Watchdog Timer Mode” on
page 322; the WDT is enabled and clocked by SYSCLK/12 following any reset. If a system malfunction
prevents user software from updating the WDT, a reset is generated and the WDTRSF bit (RSTSRC.5) is
set to 1. The state of the RST pin is unaffected by this reset.
17.7. Flash Error Reset
If a Flash read/write/erase or program read targets an illegal address, a system reset is generated. This
may occur due to any of the following:

A Flash write or erase is attempted above user code space. This occurs when PSWE is set to 1 and a
MOVX write operation targets an address above address 0xFBFF in Bank 3 on C8051F580/1/2/3/8/9 or
any address in Bank 3 on C8051F584/5/6/7-F590/1 devices.
 A Flash read is attempted above user code space. This occurs when a MOVC operation targets an
address above address 0xFBFF in Bank 3 on C8051F580/1/2/3/8/9 or any address in Bank 3 on
C8051F584/5/6/7-F590/1 devices.
 A Program read is attempted above user code space. This occurs when user code attempts to branch
to an address above 0xFBFF in Bank 3 on C8051F580/1/2/3/8/9 or any address in Bank 3 on
C8051F584/5/6/7-F590/1 devices.
 A Flash read, write or erase attempt is restricted due to a Flash security setting (see Section
“15.3. Security Options” on page 140).
 A Flash read, write, or erase is attempted when the VDD Monitor is not enabled to the high threshold
and set as a reset source
The FERROR bit (RSTSRC.6) is set following a Flash error reset. The state of the RST pin is unaffected by
this reset.
17.8. Software Reset
Software may force a reset by writing a 1 to the SWRSF bit (RSTSRC.4). The SWRSF bit will read 1 following a software forced reset. The state of the RST pin is unaffected by this reset.
154
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 17.2. RSTSRC: Reset Source
Bit
7
Name
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
FERROR
C0RSEF
SWRSF
WDTRSF
MCDRSF
PORSF
PINRSF
Type
R
R
R/W
R/W
R
R/W
R/W
R
Reset
0
Varies
Varies
Varies
Varies
Varies
Varies
Varies
SFR Address = 0xEF; SFR Page = 0x00
Bit
Name
Description
7
Unused
Unused.
Write
Read
Don’t care.
0
6
FERROR Flash Error Reset Flag.
N/A
Set to 1 if Flash
read/write/erase error
caused the last reset.
5
C0RSEF Comparator0 Reset Enable
and Flag.
Writing a 1 enables
Comparator0 as a reset
source (active-low).
Set to 1 if Comparator0
caused the last reset.
4
SWRSF
Writing a 1 forces a system reset.
Set to 1 if last reset was
caused by a write to
SWRSF.
Software Reset Force and
Flag.
3
WDTRSF Watchdog Timer Reset Flag. N/A
2
MCDRSF Missing Clock Detector
Enable and Flag.
Set to 1 if Watchdog Timer
overflow caused the last
reset.
Writing a 1 enables the
Set to 1 if Missing Clock
Missing Clock Detector.
Detector timeout caused
The MCD triggers a reset the last reset.
if a missing clock condition
is detected.
1
PORSF
Power-On/VDD Monitor
Writing a 1 enables the
Reset Flag, and VDD monitor VDD monitor as a reset
source.
Reset Enable.
Writing 1 to this bit
before the VDD monitor
is enabled and stabilized
may cause a system
reset.
Set to 1 anytime a poweron or VDD monitor reset
occurs.
When set to 1 all other
RSTSRC flags are indeterminate.
0
PINRSF
HW Pin Reset Flag.
Set to 1 if RST pin caused
the last reset.
N/A
Note: Do not use read-modify-write operations on this register
Rev. 1.2
155
C8051F58x/F59x
18. External Data Memory Interface and On-Chip XRAM
For C8051F58x/F59x devices, 8 kB of RAM are included on-chip and mapped into the external data memory space (XRAM). Additionally, an External Memory Interface (EMIF) is available on the C8051F580/1/4/5
and C8051F588/9-F590/1 devices, which can be used to access off-chip data memories and memorymapped devices connected to the GPIO ports. The external memory space may be accessed using the
external move instruction (MOVX) and the data pointer (DPTR), or using the MOVX indirect addressing
mode using R0 or R1. If the MOVX instruction is used with an 8-bit address operand (such as @R1), then
the high byte of the 16-bit address is provided by the External Memory Interface Control Register
(EMI0CN, shown in SFR Definition 18.1).
Note: The MOVX instruction can also be used for writing to the Flash memory. See Section “15. Flash Memory” on
page 138 for details. The MOVX instruction accesses XRAM by default.
18.1. Accessing XRAM
The XRAM memory space is accessed using the MOVX instruction. The MOVX instruction has two forms,
both of which use an indirect addressing method. The first method uses the Data Pointer, DPTR, a 16-bit
register which contains the effective address of the XRAM location to be read from or written to. The second method uses R0 or R1 in combination with the EMI0CN register to generate the effective XRAM
address. Examples of both of these methods are given below.
18.1.1. 16-Bit MOVX Example
The 16-bit form of the MOVX instruction accesses the memory location pointed to by the contents of the
DPTR register. The following series of instructions reads the value of the byte at address 0x1234 into the
accumulator A:
MOV
MOVX
DPTR, #1234h
A, @DPTR
; load DPTR with 16-bit address to read (0x1234)
; load contents of 0x1234 into accumulator A

The above example uses the 16-bit immediate MOV instruction to set the contents of DPTR. Alternately,
the DPTR can be accessed through the SFR registers DPH, which contains the upper 8-bits of DPTR, and
DPL, which contains the lower 8-bits of DPTR.
18.1.2. 8-Bit MOVX Example
The 8-bit form of the MOVX instruction uses the contents of the EMI0CN SFR to determine the upper 8-bits
of the effective address to be accessed and the contents of R0 or R1 to determine the lower 8-bits of the
effective address to be accessed. The following series of instructions read the contents of the byte at
address 0x1234 into the accumulator A.
MOV
MOV
MOVX
156
EMI0CN, #12h
R0, #34h
a, @R0
; load high byte of address into EMI0CN
; load low byte of address into R0 (or R1)
; load contents of 0x1234 into accumulator A
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
18.2. Configuring the External Memory Interface
Configuring the External Memory Interface consists of five steps:
1. Configure the Output Modes of the associated port pins as either push-pull or open-drain (push-pull is
most common), and skip the associated pins in the crossbar.
2. Configure Port latches to “park” the EMIF pins in a dormant state (usually by setting them to logic 1).
3. Select Multiplexed mode or Non-multiplexed mode.
4. Select the memory mode (on-chip only, split mode without bank select, split mode with bank select, or
off-chip only).
5. Set up timing to interface with off-chip memory or peripherals.
Each of these five steps is explained in detail in the following sections. The Port selection, Multiplexed
mode selection, and Mode bits are located in the EMI0CF register shown in SFR Definition .
18.3. Port Configuration
The External Memory Interface appears on Ports 1, 2, 3, and 4 when it is used for off-chip memory access.
When the EMIF is used, the Crossbar should be configured to skip over the /RD control line (P1.6) and the
/WR control line (P1.7) using the P1SKIP register. When the EMIF is used in multiplexed mode, the Crossbar should also skip over the ALE control line (P1.5). For more information about configuring the Crossbar,
see Section “20.6. Special Function Registers for Accessing and Configuring Port I/O” on page 202. The
EMIF pinout is shown in Table 18.1 on page 158.
The External Memory Interface claims the associated Port pins for memory operations ONLY during the
execution of an off-chip MOVX instruction. Once the MOVX instruction has completed, control of the Port
pins reverts to the Port latches or to the Crossbar settings for those pins. See Section “20. Port Input/Output” on page 186 for more information about the Crossbar and Port operation and configuration. The Port
latches should be explicitly configured to “park” the External Memory Interface pins in a dormant
state, most commonly by setting them to a logic 1.
During the execution of the MOVX instruction, the External Memory Interface will explicitly disable the drivers on all Port pins that are acting as Inputs (Data[7:0] during a READ operation, for example). The Output
mode of the Port pins (whether the pin is configured as Open-Drain or Push-Pull) is unaffected by the
External Memory Interface operation, and remains controlled by the PnMDOUT registers. In most cases,
the output modes of all EMIF pins should be configured for push-pull mode.
The C8051F580/1/4/5 devices support both the multiplexed and non-multiplexed modes and the
C8051F588/9-F590/1 devices support only multiplexed modes. Accessing off-chip memory is not supported by the C8051F582/3/6/7 devices.
Rev. 1.2
157
C8051F58x/F59x
Table 18.1. EMIF Pinout (C8051F580/1/4/5)
Multiplexed Mode
158
Non Multiplexed Mode
Signal Name
Port Pin
Signal Name
Port Pin
RD
P1.6
RD
P1.6
WR
P1.7
WR
P1.7
ALE
P1.5
D0
P4.0
D0/A0
P4.0
D1
P4.1
D1/A1
P4.1
D2
P4.2
D2/A2
P4.2
D3
P4.3
D3/A3
P4.3
D4
P4.4
D4/A4
P4.4
D5
P4.5
D5/A5
P4.5
D6
P4.6
D6/A6
P4.6
D7
P4.7
D7/A7
P4.7
A0
P3.0
A8
P3.0
A1
P3.1
A9
P3.1
A2
P3.2
A10
P3.2
A3
P3.3
A11
P3.3
A4
P3.4
A12
P3.4
A5
P3.5
A13
P3.5
A6
P3.6
A14
P3.6
A7
P3.7
A15
P3.7
A8
P2.0
—
—
A9
P2.1
—
—
A10
P2.2
—
—
A11
P2.3
—
—
A12
P2.4
—
—
A13
P2.5
—
—
A14
P2.6
—
—
A15
P2.7
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
Table 18.2. EMIF Pinout (C8051F588/9-F590/1)
Multiplexed Mode
Signal Name
Port Pin
RD
P1.6
WR
P1.7
ALE
P1.5
D0/A0
P3.0
D1/A1
P3.1
D2/A2
P3.2
D3/A3
P3.3
D4/A4
P3.4
D5/A5
P3.5
D6/A6
P3.6
D7/A7
P3.7
A8
P2.0
A9
P2.1
A10
P2.2
A11
P2.3
A12
P2.4
A13
P2.5
A14
P2.6
A15
P2.7
Rev. 1.2
159
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 18.1. EMI0CN: External Memory Interface Control
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
Name
PGSEL[7:0]
Type
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0xAA; SFR Page = 0x00
Bit
Name
0
2
1
0
0
0
0
Function
7:0 PGSEL[7:0] XRAM Page Select Bits.
The XRAM Page Select Bits provide the high byte of the 16-bit external data memory
address when using an 8-bit MOVX command, effectively selecting a 256-byte page of
RAM.
0x00: 0x0000 to 0x00FF
0x01: 0x0100 to 0x01FF
...
0xFE: 0xFE00 to 0xFEFF
0xFF: 0xFF00 to 0xFFFF
160
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 18.2. EMI0CF: External Memory Configuration
Bit
7
6
5
Name
4
EMD2
Type
Reset
3
2
1
EMD[1:0]
0
EALE[1:0]
R/W
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0xB2; SFR Page = 0x0F
Bit
Name
0
0
1
1
Function
7:5
Unused
Read = 000b; Write = Don’t Care.
4
EMD2
3:2
EMD[1:0]
EMIF Operating Mode Select Bits.
00: Internal Only: MOVX accesses on-chip XRAM only. All effective addresses alias to
on-chip memory space
01: Split Mode without Bank Select: Accesses below the 8 kB boundary are directed
on-chip. Accesses above the 8 kB boundary are directed off-chip. 8-bit off-chip MOVX
operations use current contents of the Address high port latches to resolve the upper
address byte. To access off chip space, EMI0CN must be set to a page that is not contained in the on-chip address space.
10: Split Mode with Bank Select: Accesses below the 8 kB boundary are directed onchip. Accesses above the 8 kB boundary are directed off-chip. 8-bit off-chip MOVX
operations uses the contents of EMI0CN to determine the high-byte of the address.
11: External Only: MOVX accesses off-chip XRAM only. On-chip XRAM is not visible to
the CPU.
1:0
EALE[1:0]
ALE Pulse-Width Select Bits.
These bits only have an effect when EMD2 = 0.
00: ALE high and ALE low pulse width = 1 SYSCLK cycle.
01: ALE high and ALE low pulse width = 2 SYSCLK cycles.
10: ALE high and ALE low pulse width = 3 SYSCLK cycles.
11: ALE high and ALE low pulse width = 4 SYSCLK cycles.
EMIF Multiplex Mode Select Bit.
0: EMIF operates in multiplexed address/data mode
1: EMIF operates in non-multiplexed mode (separate address and data pins)
Rev. 1.2
161
C8051F58x/F59x
18.4. Multiplexed and Non-multiplexed Selection
The External Memory Interface is capable of acting in a Multiplexed mode or a Non-multiplexed mode,
depending on the state of the EMD2 (EMI0CF.4) bit.
18.4.1. Multiplexed Configuration
In Multiplexed mode, the Data Bus and the lower 8-bits of the Address Bus share the same Port pins:
AD[7:0]. In this mode, an external latch (74HC373 or equivalent logic gate) is used to hold the lower 8-bits
of the RAM address. The external latch is controlled by the ALE (Address Latch Enable) signal, which is
driven by the External Memory Interface logic. An example of a Multiplexed Configuration is shown in
Figure 18.1.
In Multiplexed mode, the external MOVX operation can be broken into two phases delineated by the state
of the ALE signal. During the first phase, ALE is high and the lower 8-bits of the Address Bus are presented to AD[7:0]. During this phase, the address latch is configured such that the Q outputs reflect the
states of the ‘D’ inputs. When ALE falls, signaling the beginning of the second phase, the address latch
outputs remain fixed and are no longer dependent on the latch inputs. Later in the second phase, the Data
Bus controls the state of the AD[7:0] port at the time RD or WR is asserted.
See Section “18.6.2. Multiplexed Mode” on page 170 for more information.
A[15:8]
A[15:8]
ADDRESS BUS
74HC373
E
M
I
F
ALE
AD[7:0]
G
D
ADDRESS/DATA BUS
Q
A[7:0]
VDD
64 K X 8
SRAM
(Optional)
8
I/O[7:0]
CE
WE
OE
/WR
/RD
Figure 18.1. Multiplexed Configuration Example
162
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
18.4.2. Non-multiplexed Configuration
In Non-multiplexed mode, the Data Bus and the Address Bus pins are not shared. An example of a Nonmultiplexed Configuration is shown in Figure 18.2. See Section “18.6.1. Non-Multiplexed Mode” on
page 167 for more information about Non-multiplexed operation.
E
M
I
F
A[15:0]
ADDRESS BUS
A[15:0]
VDD
(Optional)
8
D[7:0]
DATA BUS
64 K X 8
SRAM
I/O[7:0]
CE
WE
OE
/WR
/RD
Figure 18.2. Non-multiplexed Configuration Example
Rev. 1.2
163
C8051F58x/F59x
18.5. Memory Mode Selection
The external data memory space can be configured in one of four modes, shown in Figure 18.3, based on
the EMIF Mode bits in the EMI0CF register (SFR Definition 18.2). These modes are summarized below.
More information about the different modes can be found in Section “18.6. Timing” on page 165.
EMI0CF[3:2] = 00
EMI0CF[3:2] = 01
0xFFFF
EMI0CF[3:2] = 11
EMI0CF[3:2] = 10
0xFFFF
0xFFFF
0xFFFF
On-Chip XRAM
On-Chip XRAM
Off-Chip
Memory
(No Bank Select)
Off-Chip
Memory
(Bank Select)
On-Chip XRAM
Off-Chip
Memory
On-Chip XRAM
On-Chip XRAM
On-Chip XRAM
On-Chip XRAM
On-Chip XRAM
0x0000
0x0000
0x0000
0x0000
Figure 18.3. EMIF Operating Modes
18.5.1. Internal XRAM Only
When bits EMI0CF[3:2] are set to 00, all MOVX instructions will target the internal XRAM space on the
device. Memory accesses to addresses beyond the populated space will wrap on 8 kB boundaries. As an
example, the addresses 0x2000 and 0x4000 both evaluate to address 0x0000 in on-chip XRAM space.

8-bit MOVX operations use the contents of EMI0CN to determine the high-byte of the effective address
and R0 or R1 to determine the low-byte of the effective address.
 16-bit MOVX operations use the contents of the 16-bit DPTR to determine the effective address.
18.5.2. Split Mode without Bank Select
When bit EMI0CF.[3:2] are set to 01, the XRAM memory map is split into two areas, on-chip space and offchip space.

Effective addresses below the internal XRAM size boundary will access on-chip XRAM space.
 Effective addresses above the internal XRAM size boundary will access off-chip space.
 8-bit MOVX operations use the contents of EMI0CN to determine whether the memory access is onchip or off-chip. However, in the “No Bank Select” mode, an 8-bit MOVX operation will not drive the
upper 8-bits A[15:8] of the Address Bus during an off-chip access. This allows the user to manipulate
the upper address bits at will by setting the Port state directly via the port latches. This behavior is in
contrast with “Split Mode with Bank Select” described below. The lower 8-bits of the Address Bus A[7:0]
are driven, determined by R0 or R1.
 16-bit MOVX operations use the contents of DPTR to determine whether the memory access is on-chip
or off-chip, and unlike 8-bit MOVX operations, the full 16-bits of the Address Bus A[15:0] are driven
during the off-chip transaction.
164
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
18.5.3. Split Mode with Bank Select
When EMI0CF[3:2] are set to 10, the XRAM memory map is split into two areas, on-chip space and offchip space.

Effective addresses below the internal XRAM size boundary will access on-chip XRAM space.
Effective addresses above the internal XRAM size boundary will access off-chip space.
 8-bit MOVX operations use the contents of EMI0CN to determine whether the memory access is onchip or off-chip. The upper 8-bits of the Address Bus A[15:8] are determined by EMI0CN, and the lower
8-bits of the Address Bus A[7:0] are determined by R0 or R1. All 16-bits of the Address Bus A[15:0] are
driven in “Bank Select” mode.
 16-bit MOVX operations use the contents of DPTR to determine whether the memory access is on-chip
or off-chip, and the full 16-bits of the Address Bus A[15:0] are driven during the off-chip transaction.

18.5.4. External Only
When EMI0CF[3:2] are set to 11, all MOVX operations are directed to off-chip space. On-chip XRAM is not
visible to the CPU. This mode is useful for accessing off-chip memory located between 0x0000 and the
internal XRAM size boundary.

8-bit MOVX operations ignore the contents of EMI0CN. The upper Address bits A[15:8] are not driven
(identical behavior to an off-chip access in “Split Mode without Bank Select” described above). This
allows the user to manipulate the upper address bits at will by setting the Port state directly. The lower
8-bits of the effective address A[7:0] are determined by the contents of R0 or R1.
 16-bit MOVX operations use the contents of DPTR to determine the effective address A[15:0]. The full
16-bits of the Address Bus A[15:0] are driven during the off-chip transaction.
18.6. Timing
The timing parameters of the External Memory Interface can be configured to enable connection to
devices having different setup and hold time requirements. The Address Setup time, Address Hold time,
RD and WR strobe widths, and in multiplexed mode, the width of the ALE pulse are all programmable in
units of SYSCLK periods through EMI0TC, shown in SFR Definition 18.3, and EMI0CF[1:0].
The timing for an off-chip MOVX instruction can be calculated by adding 4 SYSCLK cycles to the timing
parameters defined by the EMI0TC register. Assuming non-multiplexed operation, the minimum execution
time for an off-chip XRAM operation is 5 SYSCLK cycles (1 SYSCLK for RD or WR pulse + 4 SYSCLKs).
For multiplexed operations, the Address Latch Enable signal will require a minimum of 2 additional SYSCLK cycles. Therefore, the minimum execution time for an off-chip XRAM operation in multiplexed mode is
7 SYSCLK cycles (2 for /ALE + 1 for RD or WR + 4). The programmable setup and hold times default to
the maximum delay settings after a reset. Table 18.3 lists the ac parameters for the External Memory Interface, and Figure 18.4 through Figure 18.9 show the timing diagrams for the different External Memory
Interface modes and MOVX operations.
Rev. 1.2
165
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 18.3. EMI0TC: External Memory Timing Control
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Name
EAS[1:0]
EWR[3:0]
EAH[1:0]
Type
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset
1
1
1
1
1
SFR Address = 0xAA; SFR Page = 0x0F
Bit
Name
7:6
EAS[1:0]
EMIF Address Setup Time Bits.
00: Address setup time = 0 SYSCLK cycles.
01: Address setup time = 1 SYSCLK cycle.
10: Address setup time = 2 SYSCLK cycles.
11: Address setup time = 3 SYSCLK cycles.
5:2
EWR[3:0]
EMIF WR and RD Pulse-Width Control Bits.
0000: WR and RD pulse width = 1 SYSCLK cycle.
0001: WR and RD pulse width = 2 SYSCLK cycles.
0010: WR and RD pulse width = 3 SYSCLK cycles.
0011: WR and RD pulse width = 4 SYSCLK cycles.
0100: WR and RD pulse width = 5 SYSCLK cycles.
0101: WR and RD pulse width = 6 SYSCLK cycles.
0110: WR and RD pulse width = 7 SYSCLK cycles.
0111: WR and RD pulse width = 8 SYSCLK cycles.
1000: WR and RD pulse width = 9 SYSCLK cycles.
1001: WR and RD pulse width = 10 SYSCLK cycles.
1010: WR and RD pulse width = 11 SYSCLK cycles.
1011: WR and RD pulse width = 12 SYSCLK cycles.
1100: WR and RD pulse width = 13 SYSCLK cycles.
1101: WR and RD pulse width = 14 SYSCLK cycles.
1110: WR and RD pulse width = 15 SYSCLK cycles.
1111: WR and RD pulse width = 16 SYSCLK cycles.
1:0
EAH[1:0]
EMIF Address Hold Time Bits.
00: Address hold time = 0 SYSCLK cycles.
01: Address hold time = 1 SYSCLK cycle.
10: Address hold time = 2 SYSCLK cycles.
11: Address hold time = 3 SYSCLK cycles.
166
Function
Rev. 1.2
1
1
1
C8051F58x/F59x
18.6.1. Non-Multiplexed Mode
18.6.1.1. 16-bit MOVX: EMI0CF[4:2] = 101, 110, or 111
Nonmuxed 16-bit WRITE
ADDR[15:8]
EMIF ADDRESS (8 MSBs) from DPH
ADDR[7:0]
EMIF ADDRESS (8 LSBs) from DPL
DATA[7:0]
EMIF WRITE DATA
T
T
WDS
T
ACS
WDH
T
T
ACW
ACH
/WR
/RD
Nonmuxed 16-bit READ
ADDR[15:8]
P2
EMIF ADDRESS (8 MSBs) from DPH
ADDR[7:0]
EMIF ADDRESS (8 LSBs) from DPL
DATA[7:0]
EMIF READ DATA
T
RDS
T
ACS
T
ACW
T
RDH
T
ACH
/RD
/WR
Figure 18.4. Non-multiplexed 16-bit MOVX Timing
Rev. 1.2
167
C8051F58x/F59x
18.6.1.2. 8-bit MOVX without Bank Select: EMI0CF[4:2] = 101 or 111
Nonmuxed 8-bit WRITE without Bank Select
ADDR[15:8]
ADDR[7:0]
EMIF ADDRESS (8 LSBs) from R0 or R1
DATA[7:0]
EMIF WRITE DATA
T
T
WDS
T
ACS
WDH
T
T
ACW
ACH
/WR
/RD
Nonmuxed 8-bit READ without Bank Select
ADDR[15:8]
EMIF ADDRESS (8 LSBs) from R0 or R1
ADDR[7:0]
EMIF READ DATA
DATA[7:0]
T
RDS
T
ACS
T
ACW
T
RDH
T
ACH
/RD
/WR
Figure 18.5. Non-multiplexed 8-bit MOVX without Bank Select Timing
168
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
18.6.1.3. 8-bit MOVX with Bank Select: EMI0CF[4:2] = 110
Nonmuxed 8-bit WRITE with Bank Select
ADDR[15:8]
EMIF ADDRESS (8 MSBs) from EMI0CN
ADDR[7:0]
EMIF ADDRESS (8 LSBs) from R0 or R1
DATA[7:0]
EMIF WRITE DATA
T
T
WDS
T
ACS
WDH
T
T
ACW
ACH
/WR
/RD
Nonmuxed 8-bit READ with Bank Select
ADDR[15:8]
EMIF ADDRESS (8 MSBs) from EMI0CN
ADDR[7:0]
EMIF ADDRESS (8 LSBs) from R0 or R1
DATA[7:0]
EMIF READ DATA
T
RDS
T
ACS
T
ACW
T
RDH
T
ACH
/RD
/WR
Figure 18.6. Non-multiplexed 8-bit MOVX with Bank Select Timing
Rev. 1.2
169
C8051F58x/F59x
18.6.2. Multiplexed Mode
18.6.2.1. 16-bit MOVX: EMI0CF[4:2] = 001, 010, or 011
Muxed 16-bit WRITE
ADDR[15:8]
AD[7:0]
EMIF ADDRESS (8 MSBs) from DPH
EMIF ADDRESS (8 LSBs) from
DPL
T
ALEH
EMIF WRITE DATA
T
ALEL
ALE
T
T
WDS
T
ACS
WDH
T
T
ACW
ACH
/WR
/RD
Muxed 16-bit READ
ADDR[15:8]
AD[7:0]
EMIF ADDRESS (8 MSBs) from DPH
EMIF ADDRESS (8 LSBs) from
DPL
T
ALEH
EMIF READ DATA
T
T
ALEL
RDS
T
RDH
ALE
T
ACS
T
ACW
/RD
/WR
Figure 18.7. Multiplexed 16-bit MOVX Timing
170
Rev. 1.2
T
ACH
C8051F58x/F59x
18.6.2.2. 8-bit MOVX without Bank Select: EMI0CF[4:2] = 001 or 011
Muxed 8-bit WRITE Without Bank Select
ADDR[15:8]
AD[7:0]
EMIF ADDRESS (8 LSBs) from
R0 or R1
T
ALEH
EMIF WRITE DATA
T
ALEL
ALE
T
T
WDS
T
ACS
WDH
T
T
ACW
ACH
/WR
/RD
Muxed 8-bit READ Without Bank Select
ADDR[15:8]
AD[7:0]
EMIF ADDRESS (8 LSBs) from
R0 or R1
T
ALEH
EMIF READ DATA
T
T
ALEL
RDS
T
RDH
ALE
T
ACS
T
ACW
T
ACH
/RD
/WR
Figure 18.8. Multiplexed 8-bit MOVX without Bank Select Timing
Rev. 1.2
171
C8051F58x/F59x
18.6.2.3. 8-bit MOVX with Bank Select: EMI0CF[4:2] = 010
Muxed 8-bit WRITE with Bank Select
ADDR[15:8]
AD[7:0]
EMIF ADDRESS (8 MSBs) from EMI0CN
EMIF ADDRESS (8 LSBs) from
R0 or R1
T
ALEH
EMIF WRITE DATA
T
ALEL
ALE
T
T
WDS
T
ACS
WDH
T
T
ACW
ACH
/WR
/RD
Muxed 8-bit READ with Bank Select
ADDR[15:8]
AD[7:0]
EMIF ADDRESS (8 MSBs) from EMI0CN
EMIF ADDRESS (8 LSBs) from
R0 or R1
T
ALEH
EMIF READ DATA
T
T
ALEL
RDS
T
RDH
ALE
T
ACS
T
ACW
T
ACH
/RD
/WR
Figure 18.9. Multiplexed 8-bit MOVX with Bank Select Timing
172
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
Table 18.3. AC Parameters for External Memory Interface
Parameter
Description
Min*
Max*
Units
TACS
Address/Control Setup Time
0
3 x TSYSCLK
ns
TACW
Address/Control Pulse Width
1 x TSYSCLK
16 x TSYSCLK
ns
TACH
Address/Control Hold Time
0
3 x TSYSCLK
ns
TALEH
Address Latch Enable High Time
1 x TSYSCLK
4 x TSYSCLK
ns
TALEL
Address Latch Enable Low Time
1 x TSYSCLK
4 x TSYSCLK
ns
TWDS
Write Data Setup Time
1 x TSYSCLK
19 x TSYSCLK
ns
TWDH
Write Data Hold Time
0
3 x TSYSCLK
ns
TRDS
Read Data Setup Time
20
ns
TRDH
Read Data Hold Time
0
ns
*Note: TSYSCLK is equal to one period of the device system clock (SYSCLK).
Rev. 1.2
173
C8051F58x/F59x
19. Oscillators and Clock Selection
C8051F58x/F59x devices include a programmable internal high-frequency oscillator, an external oscillator
drive circuit, and a clock multiplier. The internal oscillator can be enabled/disabled and calibrated using the
OSCICN, OSCICRS, and OSCIFIN registers, as shown in Figure 19.1. The system clock can be sourced
by the external oscillator circuit or the internal oscillator. The clock multiplier can produce three possible
base outputs which can be scaled by a programmable factor of 1, 2/3, 2/4 (or 1/2), 2/5, 2/6 (or 1/3), or 2/7:
Internal Oscillator x 2, External Oscillator x 2, or External Oscillator x 4.
OSCICN
IFCN2
IFCN1
IFCN0
CLKSEL
SEL1
SEL0
OSCIFIN
IOSCEN
IFRDY
SUSPEND
OSCICRS
Option 3
XTAL2
CAL
EN
IOSC
n
Programmable Internal
Clock Generator
Option 4
XTAL2
CLOCK MULTIPLIER
IOSC / 2
EXOSC / 2
IOSC
EXTOSC
Option 2
VDD
Option 1
x4
n
SYSCLK
XTAL1
XTAL2
Input
Circuit
10M
OSC
EXOSC
MULEN
MULINIT
MULRDY
MULDIV2
MULDIV1
MULDIV0
MULSEL1
MULSEL0
XFCN2
XFCN1
XFCN0
XTLVLD
XOSCMD2
XOSCMD1
XOSCMD0
XTAL2
OSCXCN
CLKMUL
Figure 19.1. Oscillator Options
19.1. System Clock Selection
The CLKSL[1:0] bits in register CLKSEL select which oscillator source is used as the system clock.
CLKSL[1:0] must be set to 01b for the system clock to run from the external oscillator; however the external oscillator may still clock certain peripherals (timers, PCA) when the internal oscillator is selected as the
system clock. The system clock may be switched on-the-fly between the internal oscillator, external oscillator, and Clock Multiplier so long as the selected clock source is enabled and has settled.
The internal oscillator requires little start-up time and may be selected as the system clock immediately following the register write which enables the oscillator. The external RC and C modes also typically require
no startup time.
External crystals and ceramic resonators however, typically require a start-up time before they are settled
and ready for use. The Crystal Valid Flag (XTLVLD in register OSCXCN) is set to 1 by hardware when the
external crystal or ceramic resonator is settled. In crystal mode, to avoid reading a false XTLVLD, software should delay at least 1 ms between enabling the external oscillator and checking XTLVLD.
174
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 19.1. CLKSEL: Clock Select
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
Type
R
R
R
R
R
R
Reset
0
0
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0x8F; SFR Page = 0x0F;
Bit
Name
1:0
0
CLKSL[1:0]
Name
7:2
1
Unused
R/W
0
0
Function
Read = 000000b; Write = Don’t Care
CLKSL[1:0] System Clock Source Select Bits.
00: SYSCLK derived from the Internal Oscillator and scaled per the IFCN bits in register OSCICN.
01: SYSCLK derived from the External Oscillator circuit.
10: SYSCLK derived from the Clock Multiplier.
11: reserved.
Rev. 1.2
175
C8051F58x/F59x
19.2. Programmable Internal Oscillator
All C8051F58x/F59x devices include a programmable internal high-frequency oscillator that defaults as the
system clock after a system reset. The internal oscillator period can be adjusted via the OSCICRS and
OSCIFIN registers defined in SFR Definition 19.3 and SFR Definition 19.4. On C8051F58x/F59x devices,
OSCICRS and OSCIFIN are factory calibrated to obtain a 24 MHz base frequency. Note that the system
clock may be derived from the programmed internal oscillator divided by 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, or 128, as
defined by the IFCN bits in register OSCICN. The divide value defaults to 128 following a reset.
19.2.1. Internal Oscillator Suspend Mode
When software writes a logic 1 to SUSPEND (OSCICN.5), the internal oscillator is suspended. If the system clock is derived from the internal oscillator, the input clock to the peripheral or CIP-51 will be stopped
until one of the following events occur:

Port 0 Match Event.
Port 1 Match Event.
 Port 2 Match Event.
 Port 3 Match Event.
 Comparator 0 enabled and output is logic 0.
When one of the oscillator awakening events occur, the internal oscillator, CIP-51, and affected peripherals
resume normal operation, regardless of whether the event also causes an interrupt. The CPU resumes
execution at the instruction following the write to SUSPEND.

Note: When entering suspend mode, firmware must be the ZTCEN bit in REF0CN (SFR Definition 8.1).
176
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 19.2. OSCICN: Internal Oscillator Control
Bit
Name
7
6
IOSCEN[1:0]
5
4
3
SUSPEND
IFRDY
Reserved
IFCN[2:0]
R/W
Type
R/W
R/W
R/W
R
R
Reset
1
1
0
1
0
SFR Address = 0xA1; SFR Page = 0x0F;
Bit
Name
2
0
1
0
0
0
Function
7:6 IOSCEN[1:0] Internal Oscillator Enable Bits.
00: Oscillator Disabled.
01: Reserved.
10: Reserved.
11: Oscillator enabled in normal mode and disabled in suspend mode.
5
SUSPEND
Internal Oscillator Suspend Enable Bit.
Setting this bit to logic 1 places the internal oscillator in SUSPEND mode. The internal oscillator resumes operation when one of the SUSPEND mode awakening
events occurs.
4
IFRDY
Internal Oscillator Frequency Ready Flag.
0: Internal oscillator is not running at programmed frequency.
1: Internal oscillator is running at programmed frequency.
3
Reserved
Read = 0b; Must Write = 0b.
2:0
IFCN[2:0]
Internal Oscillator Frequency Divider Control Bits.
000: SYSCLK derived from Internal Oscillator divided by 128.
001: SYSCLK derived from Internal Oscillator divided by 64.
010: SYSCLK derived from Internal Oscillator divided by 32.
011: SYSCLK derived from Internal Oscillator divided by 16.
100: SYSCLK derived from Internal Oscillator divided by 8.
101: SYSCLK derived from Internal Oscillator divided by 4.
110: SYSCLK derived from Internal Oscillator divided by 2.
111: SYSCLK derived from Internal Oscillator divided by 1.
Rev. 1.2
177
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 19.3. OSCICRS: Internal Oscillator Coarse Calibration
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Varies
Varies
Varies
OSCICRS[6:0]
Name
Type
R
Reset
0
R/W
Varies
Varies
Varies
SFR Address = 0xA2; SFR Page = 0x0F;
Bit
Name
7
Unused
6:0
OSCICRS[6:0]
Varies
Function
Read = 0; Write = Don’t Care
Internal Oscillator Coarse Calibration Bits.
These bits determine the internal oscillator period. When set to 0000000b, the
internal oscillator operates at its slowest setting. When set to 1111111b, the internal oscillator operates at its fastest setting. The reset value is factory calibrated
to generate an internal oscillator frequency of 24 MHz.
SFR Definition 19.4. OSCIFIN: Internal Oscillator Fine Calibration
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Varies
Varies
OSCIFIN[5:0]
Type
R
R
Reset
0
0
R/W
Varies
Varies
SFR Address = 0x9E; SFR Page = 0x0F;
Bit
Name
7:6
5:0
Unused
Varies
Varies
Function
Read = 00b; Write = Don’t Care
OSCIFIN[5:0] Internal Oscillator Fine Calibration Bits.
These bits are fine adjustment for the internal oscillator period. The reset value is
factory calibrated to generate an internal oscillator frequency of 24 MHz.
178
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
19.3. Clock Multiplier
The Clock Multiplier generates an output clock which is 4 times the input clock frequency scaled by a programmable factor of 1, 2/3, 2/4 (or 1/2), 2/5, 2/6 (or 1/3), or 2/7. The Clock Multiplier’s input can be
selected from the external oscillator, or the internal or external oscillators divided by 2. This produces three
possible base outputs which can be scaled by a programmable factor: Internal Oscillator x 2, External
Oscillator x 2, or External Oscillator x 4. See Section 19.1 on page 174 for details on system clock selection.
The Clock Multiplier is configured via the CLKMUL register (SFR Definition 19.5). The procedure for configuring and enabling the Clock Multiplier is as follows:
1. Reset the Multiplier by writing 0x00 to register CLKMUL.
2. Select the Multiplier input source via the MULSEL bits.
3. Select the Multiplier output scaling factor via the MULDIV bits
4. Enable the Multiplier with the MULEN bit (CLKMUL | = 0x80).
5. Delay for >5 µs.
6. Initialize the Multiplier with the MULINIT bit (CLKMUL | = 0xC0).
7. Poll for MULRDY => 1.
Important Note: When using an external oscillator as the input to the Clock Multiplier, the external source
must be enabled and stable before the Multiplier is initialized. See “19.4. External Oscillator Drive Circuit”
on page 181 for details on selecting an external oscillator source.
The Clock Multiplier allows faster operation of the CIP-51 core and is intended to generate an output frequency between 25 and 50 MHz. The clock multiplier can also be used with slow input clocks. However, if
the clock is below the minimum Clock Multiplier input frequency (FCMmin), the generated clock will consist
of four fast pulses followed by a long delay until the next input clock rising edge. The average frequency of
the output is equal to 4x the input, but the instantaneous frequency may be faster. See Figure 19.2 below
for more information.
if FCM in >= FCM min
FCM in
FCM out
if FCMin < FCM min
FCM in
FCM out
Figure 19.2. Example Clock Multiplier Output
Rev. 1.2
179
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 19.5. CLKMUL: Clock Multiplier
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
Name
MULEN
MULINIT
MULRDY
MULDIV[2:0]
MULSEL[1:0]
Type
R/W
R/W
R
R/W
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0x97; SFR Page = 0x0F;
Bit
Name
7
MULEN
0
2
1
0
0
0
0
Function
Clock Multiplier Enable.
0: Clock Multiplier disabled.
1: Clock Multiplier enabled.
6
MULINIT
Clock Multiplier Initialize.
This bit is 0 when the Clock Multiplier is enabled. Once enabled, writing a 1 to this
bit will initialize the Clock Multiplier. The MULRDY bit reads 1 when the Clock Multiplier is stabilized.
5
MULRDY
Clock Multiplier Ready.
0: Clock Multiplier is not ready.
1: Clock Multiplier is ready (PLL is locked).
4:2
MULDIV[2:0]
1:0
MULSEL[1:0] Clock Multiplier Input Select.
Clock Multiplier Output Scaling Factor.
000: Clock Multiplier Output scaled by a factor of 1.
001: Clock Multiplier Output scaled by a factor of 1.
010: Clock Multiplier Output scaled by a factor of 1.
011: Clock Multiplier Output scaled by a factor of 2/3*.
100: Clock Multiplier Output scaled by a factor of 2/4 (1/2).
101: Clock Multiplier Output scaled by a factor of 2/5*.
110: Clock Multiplier Output scaled by a factor of 2/6 (1/3).
111: Clock Multiplier Output scaled by a factor of 2/7*.
*Note: The Clock Multiplier output duty cycle is not 50% for these settings.
These bits select the clock supplied to the Clock Multiplier
MULSEL[1:0]
Selected Input Clock
Clock Multiplier Output
for MULDIV[2:0] = 000b
00
Internal Oscillator
Internal Oscillator x 2
01
External Oscillator
External Oscillator x 2
10
Internal Oscillator
Internal Oscillator x 4
11
External Oscillator
External Oscillator x 4
Notes:The maximum system clock is 50 MHz, and so the Clock Multiplier output should be scaled accordingly. If
Internal Oscillator x 2 or External Oscillator x 2 is selected using the MULSEL bits, MULDIV[2:0] is ignored.
180
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
19.4. External Oscillator Drive Circuit
The external oscillator circuit may drive an external crystal, ceramic resonator, capacitor, or RC network. A
CMOS clock may also provide a clock input. For a crystal or ceramic resonator configuration, the crystal/resonator must be wired across the XTAL1 and XTAL2 pins as shown in Option 1 of Figure 19.1. A
10 Mresistor also must be wired across the XTAL2 and XTAL1 pins for the crystal/resonator configuration. In RC, capacitor, or CMOS clock configuration, the clock source should be wired to the XTAL2 pin as
shown in Option 2, 3, or 4 of Figure 19.1. The type of external oscillator must be selected in the OSCXCN
register, and the frequency control bits (XFCN) must be selected appropriately (see SFR Definition 19.6).
Important Note on External Oscillator Usage: Port pins must be configured when using the external
oscillator circuit. When the external oscillator drive circuit is enabled in crystal/resonator mode, Port pins
P0.2 and P0.3 are used as XTAL1 and XTAL2 respectively. When the external oscillator drive circuit is
enabled in capacitor, RC, or CMOS clock mode, Port pin P0.3 is used as XTAL2. The Port I/O Crossbar
should be configured to skip the Port pins used by the oscillator circuit; see Section “20.3. Priority Crossbar
Decoder” on page 190 for Crossbar configuration. Additionally, when using the external oscillator circuit in
crystal/resonator, capacitor, or RC mode, the associated Port pins should be configured as analog inputs.
In CMOS clock mode, the associated pin should be configured as a digital input. See Section “20.4. Port
I/O Initialization” on page 193 for details on Port input mode selection.
Rev. 1.2
181
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 19.6. OSCXCN: External Oscillator Control
Bit
7
6
Name
XTLVLD
XOSCMD[2:0]
Type
R
R/W
Reset
0
0
5
0
4
3
XTLVLD
1
R
0
0
R/W
0
0
Function
Crystal Oscillator Valid Flag.
(Read only when XOSCMD = 11x.)
0: Crystal Oscillator is unused or not yet stable.
1: Crystal Oscillator is running and stable.
6:4
XOSCMD[2:0] External Oscillator Mode Select.
00x: External Oscillator circuit off.
010: External CMOS Clock Mode.
011: External CMOS Clock Mode with divide by 2 stage.
100: RC Oscillator Mode.
101: Capacitor Oscillator Mode.
110: Crystal Oscillator Mode.
111: Crystal Oscillator Mode with divide by 2 stage.
3
Unused
2:0
XFCN[2:0]
Read = 0b; Write =0b
External Oscillator Frequency Control Bits.
Set according to the desired frequency for Crystal or RC mode.
Set according to the desired K Factor for C mode.
182
0
XFCN[2:0]
SFR Address = 0x9F; SFR Page = 0x0F;
Bit
Name
7
2
XFCN
Crystal Mode
RC Mode
C Mode
000
f  32 kHz
f 25 kHz
K Factor = 0.87
001
32 kHz f 84 kHz
25 kHz f 50 kHz
K Factor = 2.6
010
84 kHz  f 225 kHz
50 kHz f 100 kHz
K Factor = 7.7
011
225 kHz  f 590 kHz
100 kHz f 200 kHz
K Factor = 22
100
590 kHz  f 1.5 MHz
200 kHz f 400 kHz
K Factor = 65
101
1.5 MHz  f 4 MHz
400 kHz f 800 kHz
K Factor = 180
110
4 MHz  f 10 MHz
800 kHz f 1.6 MHz
K Factor = 664
111
10 MHz  f 30 MHz
1.6 MHz f 3.2 MHz
K Factor = 1590
Rev. 1.2
0
C8051F58x/F59x
19.4.1. External Crystal Example
If a crystal or ceramic resonator is used as an external oscillator source for the MCU, the circuit should be
configured as shown in Figure 19.1, Option 1. The External Oscillator Frequency Control value (XFCN)
should be chosen from the Crystal column of the table in SFR Definition 19.6 (OSCXCN register). For
example, an 11.0592 MHz crystal requires an XFCN setting of 111b and a 32.768 kHz Watch Crystal
requires an XFCN setting of 001b. After an external 32.768 kHz oscillator is stabilized, the XFCN setting
can be switched to 000 to save power. It is recommended to enable the missing clock detector before
switching the system clock to any external oscillator source.
When the crystal oscillator is first enabled, the oscillator amplitude detection circuit requires a settling time
to achieve proper bias. Introducing a delay of 1 ms between enabling the oscillator and checking the
XTLVLD bit will prevent a premature switch to the external oscillator as the system clock. Switching to the
external oscillator before the crystal oscillator has stabilized can result in unpredictable behavior. The recommended procedure is:
1. Force XTAL1 and XTAL2 to a high state. This involves enabling the Crossbar and writing 1 to the port
pins associated with XTAL1 and XTAL2.
2. Configure XTAL1 and XTAL2 as analog inputs using.
3. Enable the external oscillator.
4. Wait at least 1 ms.
5. Poll for XTLVLD => 1.
6. Enable the Missing Clock Detector.
7. Switch the system clock to the external oscillator.
Important Note on External Crystals: Crystal oscillator circuits are quite sensitive to PCB layout. The
crystal should be placed as close as possible to the XTAL pins on the device. The traces should be as
short as possible and shielded with ground plane from any other traces which could introduce noise or
interference.
The capacitors shown in the external crystal configuration provide the load capacitance required by the
crystal for correct oscillation. These capacitors are "in series" as seen by the crystal and "in parallel" with
the stray capacitance of the XTAL1 and XTAL2 pins.
Note: The desired load capacitance depends upon the crystal and the manufacturer. Refer to the crystal
data sheet when completing these calculations.
For example, a tuning-fork crystal of 32.768 kHz with a recommended load capacitance of 12.5 pF should
use the configuration shown in Figure 19.1, Option 1. The total value of the capacitors and the stray capacitance of the XTAL pins should equal 25 pF. With a stray capacitance of 3 pF per pin, the 22 pF capacitors
yield an equivalent capacitance of 12.5 pF across the crystal, as shown in Figure 19.3.
Rev. 1.2
183
C8051F58x/F59x
XTAL1
10M
XTAL2
32.768 kHz
22pF*
22pF*
* Capacitor values depend on
crystal specifications
Figure 19.3. External 32.768 kHz Quartz Crystal Oscillator Connection Diagram
19.4.2. External RC Example
If an RC network is used as an external oscillator source for the MCU, the circuit should be configured as
shown in Figure 19.1, Option 2. The capacitor should be no greater than 100 pF; however for very small
capacitors, the total capacitance may be dominated by parasitic capacitance in the PCB layout. To determine the required External Oscillator Frequency Control value (XFCN) in the OSCXCN Register, first
select the RC network value to produce the desired frequency of oscillation, according to Equation , where
f = the frequency of oscillation in MHz, C = the capacitor value in pF, and R = the pull-up resistor value in
k.
3
f = 1.23  10   R  C 
Equation 19.1. RC Mode Oscillator Frequency
For example: If the frequency desired is 100 kHz, let R = 246 k and C = 50 pF:
f = 1.23(103)/RC = 1.23(103)/[246 x 50] = 0.1 MHz = 100 kHz
Referring to the table in SFR Definition 19.6, the required XFCN setting is 010b.
19.4.3. External Capacitor Example
If a capacitor is used as an external oscillator for the MCU, the circuit should be configured as shown in
Figure 19.1, Option 3. The capacitor should be no greater than 100 pF; however for very small capacitors,
the total capacitance may be dominated by parasitic capacitance in the PCB layout. To determine the
required External Oscillator Frequency Control value (XFCN) in the OSCXCN Register, select the capacitor to be used and find the frequency of oscillation according to Equation , where f = the frequency of oscillation in MHz, C = the capacitor value in pF, and VDD = the MCU power supply in volts.
184
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
f =  KF    R  V DD 
Equation 19.2. C Mode Oscillator Frequency
For example: Assume VDD = 2.1 V and f = 75 kHz:
f = KF / (C x VDD)
0.075 MHz = KF / (C x 2.1)
Since the frequency of roughly 75 kHz is desired, select the K Factor from the table in SFR Definition 19.6
(OSCXCN) as KF = 7.7:
0.075 MHz = 7.7 / (C x 2.1)
C x 2.1 = 7.7 / 0.075 MHz
C = 102.6 / 2.0 pF = 51.3 pF
Therefore, the XFCN value to use in this example is 010b.
Rev. 1.2
185
C8051F58x/F59x
20. Port Input/Output
Digital and analog resources are available through 40 (C8051F580/1/4/5), 33 (C8051F588/9-F590/1) or 25
(C8051F582/3/6/7) I/O pins. Port pins P0.0-P4.7 on the C8051F580/1/4/5, Port pins P0.0-P4.0 on the
C8051F588/9-F590/1 and Port pins P0.0-P3.0 on the C8051F582/3/6/7 can be defined as general-purpose I/O (GPIO), assigned to one of the internal digital resources, or assigned to an analog function as
shown in Figure 20.3. Port pin P3.0 on the C8051F582/3/6/7 can be used as GPIO and is shared with the
C2 Interface Data signal (C2D). Port pin P4.0 on the C8051F588/9-F590/1 can be used as GPIO and is
shared with the C2 Interface Data signal (C2D) The designer has complete control over which functions
are assigned, limited only by the number of physical I/O pins. This resource assignment flexibility is
achieved through the use of a Priority Crossbar Decoder. Note that the state of a Port I/O pin can always
be read in the corresponding Port latch, regardless of the Crossbar settings.
The Crossbar assigns the selected internal digital resources to the I/O pins based on the Priority Decoder
(Figure 20.3 and Figure 20.4). The registers XBR0, XBR1, XBR2, and XBR3 are used to select internal
digital functions. Port 4 on the C8051F580/1/4/5 and C8051F588/9-F590/1 is a digital-only port, which is
not assigned through the Crossbar.
All Port I/Os are 5 V tolerant (refer to Figure 20.2 for the Port cell circuit). The Port I/O cells are configured
as either push-pull or open-drain in the Port Output Mode registers (PnMDOUT, where n = 0,1). Complete
Electrical Specifications for Port I/O are given in Table 5.3 on page 47.
186
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
Highest
Priority
UART0
2
CAN0
XBRn
PnSKIP
PnMDOUT,
PnDMIN Registers
External
Pins
4
SPI0
(Internal Digital Signals)
2
SMBus0
2
Priority
Decoder
8
4
CP0
Digital
Crossbar
8
/SYSCLK
T0, T1,
/INT0,
/INT1
UART1
4
8
2
8
2
T5
2
Port
Latches
P2
I/O
Cells
P2.0
P3
I/O
Cells
P3.0
P2.7
P3.7
P4.0
P4
I/O
Cells
P4.7
Lowest
Priority
2
8x5
P0
P1
P2
P3
P4
P1.7
7
8
Lowest
Priority
P1.0
P0.7
2
LIN0
T4
P1
I/O
Cells
Highest
Priority
7
PCA0
PCA1
P0.0
2
CP1
CP2
P0
I/O
Cells
PnMASK
PnMATCH
Registers
(Px.0-Px.7)
8x5
Figure 20.1. Port I/O Functional Block Diagram
Rev. 1.2
187
C8051F58x/F59x
20.1. Port I/O Modes of Operation
Port pins P0.0–P3.7 use the Port I/O cell shown in Figure 20.2. Each of these Port I/O cells can be configured by software for analog I/O or digital I/O using the PnMDIN registers. P4.0-P4.7 use a similar cell,
except that they can only be configured as digital I/O pins and do not have a corresponding PnMDIN or
PnSKIP register. On reset, all Port I/O cells default to a high impedance state with weak pull-ups enabled
until the Crossbar is enabled (XBARE = 1).
20.1.1. Port Pins Configured for Analog I/O
Any pins to be used as Comparator or ADC inputs, external oscillator inputs, or VREF should be configured for analog I/O (PnMDIN.n = 0). When a pin is configured for analog I/O, its weak pullup, digital driver,
and digital receiver are disabled. Port pins configured for analog I/O will always read back a value of 0.
Configuring pins as analog I/O saves power and isolates the Port pin from digital interference. Port pins
configured as digital inputs may still be used by analog peripherals; however, this practice is not recommended and may result in measurement errors.
20.1.2. Port Pins Configured For Digital I/O
Any pins to be used by digital peripherals (UART, SPI, SMBus, etc.), external digital event capture functions, or as GPIO should be configured as digital I/O (PnMDIN.n = 1). For digital I/O pins, one of two output
modes (push-pull or open-drain) must be selected using the PnMDOUT registers.
Push-pull outputs (PnMDOUT.n = 1) drive the Port pad to the VIO or GND supply rails based on the output
logic value of the Port pin. Open-drain outputs have the high side driver disabled; therefore, they only drive
the Port pad to GND when the output logic value is 0 and become high impedance inputs (both high low
drivers turned off) when the output logic value is 1.
When a digital I/O cell is placed in the high impedance state, a weak pull-up transistor pulls the Port pad to
the VIO supply voltage to ensure the digital input is at a defined logic state. Weak pull-ups are disabled
when the I/O cell is driven to GND to minimize power consumption and may be globally disabled by setting
WEAKPUD to 1. The user should ensure that digital I/O are always internally or externally pulled or driven
to a valid logic state to minimize power consumption. Port pins configured for digital I/O always read back
the logic state of the Port pad, regardless of the output logic value of the Port pin.
WEAKPUD
(Weak Pull-Up Disable)
PxMDOUT.x
(1 for push-pull)
(0 for open-drain)
VIO
XBARE
(Crossbar
Enable)
(WEAK)
PORT
PAD
Px.x – Output
Logic Value
(Port Latch or
Crossbar)
PxMDIN.x
(1 for digital)
(0 for analog)
To/From Analog
Peripheral
GND
Px.x – Input Logic Value
(Reads 0 when pin is configured as an analog I/O)
Figure 20.2. Port I/O Cell Block Diagram
188
VIO
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
20.1.3. Interfacing Port I/O in a Multi-Voltage System
All Port I/O are capable of interfacing to digital logic operating at a supply voltage higher than VDD and
less than 5.25 V. Connect the VIO pin to the voltage source of the interface logic.
20.2. Assigning Port I/O Pins to Analog and Digital Functions
Port I/O pins P0.0–P3.7 can be assigned to various analog, digital, and external interrupt functions. P4.0P4.7 can be assigned to only digital functions. The Port pins assigned to analog functions should be configured for analog I/O, and Port pins assigned to digital or external interrupt functions should be configured
for digital I/O.
20.2.1. Assigning Port I/O Pins to Analog Functions
Table 20.1 shows all available analog functions that require Port I/O assignments. Port pins selected for
these analog functions should have their corresponding bit in PnSKIP set to 1. This reserves the pin
for use by the analog function and does not allow it to be claimed by the Crossbar. Table 20.1 shows the
potential mapping of Port I/O to each analog function.
Table 20.1. Port I/O Assignment for Analog Functions
Analog Function
Potentially Assignable
Port Pins
SFR(s) used for
Assignment
ADC Input
P0.0–P3.7*
ADC0MX, PnSKIP
Comparator0 or Compartor1 Input
P0.0–P2.7
CPT0MX, CPT1MX,
PnSKIP
Voltage Reference (VREF0)
P0.0
REF0CN, PnSKIP
External Oscillator in Crystal Mode (XTAL1)
P0.2
OSCXCN, PnSKIP
External Oscillator in RC, C, or Crystal Mode (XTAL2)
P0.3
OSCXCN, PnSKIP
*Note: P3.1–P3.7 are only available on the 48-pin and 40-pin packages
20.2.2. Assigning Port I/O Pins to Digital Functions
Any Port pins not assigned to analog functions may be assigned to digital functions or used as GPIO. Most
digital functions rely on the Crossbar for pin assignment; however, some digital functions bypass the
Crossbar in a manner similar to the analog functions listed above. Port pins used by these digital functions and any Port pins selected for use as GPIO should have their corresponding bit in PnSKIP set
to 1. Table 20.2 shows all available digital functions and the potential mapping of Port I/O to each digital
function.
Table 20.2. Port I/O Assignment for Digital Functions
Digital Function
UART0, UART1, SPI0,
SMBus, CAN0, LIN0, CP0,
CP0A, CP1, CP1A, CP2,
CP2A, SYSCLK, PCA0
(CEX0-5 and ECI), PCA1
(CEX6-11, ECI1), T0, T1, T4,
or T5
Potentially Assignable Port Pins
Any Port pin available for assignment by the
Crossbar. This includes P0.0–P4.7* pins which
have their PnSKIP bit set to 0.
SFR(s) used for
Assignment
XBR0, XBR1, XBR2,
XBR3
Note: The Crossbar will always assign UART0 pins
to P0.4 and P0.5 and always assign CAN0 to
P0.6 and P0.7.
*Note: P3.1–P3.7 and P4.0 are only available on the 48-pin and 40-pin packages. 
P4.1-P4.7 are only available on the 48-pin packages. A skip register is not available for P4.
Rev. 1.2
189
C8051F58x/F59x
Table 20.2. Port I/O Assignment for Digital Functions
Digital Function
Potentially Assignable Port Pins
SFR(s) used for
Assignment
P0.0–P4.7*
P0SKIP, P1SKIP,
P2SKIP, P3SKIP
Any pin used for GPIO
*Note: P3.1–P3.7 and P4.0 are only available on the 48-pin and 40-pin packages. 
P4.1-P4.7 are only available on the 48-pin packages. A skip register is not available for P4.
20.2.3. Assigning Port I/O Pins to External Digital Event Capture Functions
External digital event capture functions can be used to trigger an interrupt or wake the device from a low
power mode when a transition occurs on a digital I/O pin. The digital event capture functions do not require
dedicated pins and will function on both GPIO pins (PnSKIP = 1) and pins in use by the Crossbar (PnSKIP
= 0). External digital event capture functions cannot be used on pins configured for analog I/O. Table 20.3
shows all available external digital event capture functions.
Table 20.3. Port I/O Assignment for External Digital Event Capture Functions
Digital Function
Potentially Assignable Port Pins
SFR(s) used for
Assignment
P1.0–P1.7
IT01CF
External Interrupt 0
External Interrupt 1
P1.0–P1.7
IT01CF
Port Match
P0.0–P3.7*
P0MASK, P0MAT
P1MASK, P1MAT
P2MASK, P2MAT
P3MASK, P3MAT
*Note: P3.1–P3.7 are only available on the 48-pin and 40-pin packages.
20.3. Priority Crossbar Decoder
The Priority Crossbar Decoder (Figure 20.3) assigns a priority to each I/O function, starting at the top with
UART0. When a digital resource is selected, the least-significant unassigned Port pin is assigned to that
resource excluding UART0, which is always assigned to pins P0.4 and P0.5, and excluding CAN0 which is
always assigned to pins P0.6 and P0.7. If a Port pin is assigned, the Crossbar skips that pin when assigning the next selected resource. Additionally, the Crossbar will skip Port pins whose associated bits in the
PnSKIP registers are set. The PnSKIP registers allow software to skip Port pins that are to be used for
analog input, dedicated functions, or GPIO.
Because of the nature of Priority Crossbar Decoder, not all peripherals can be located on all port pins.
Figure 20.3 maps peripherals to the potential port pins on which the peripheral I/O can appear.
190
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
Important Note on Crossbar Configuration: If a Port pin is claimed by a peripheral without use of the
Crossbar, its corresponding PnSKIP bit should be set. This applies to P0.0 if VREF is used, P0.1 if the
ADC is configured to use the external conversion start signal (CNVSTR), P0.3 and/or P0.2 if the external
oscillator circuit is enabled, and any selected ADC or Comparator inputs. The Crossbar skips selected pins
as if they were already assigned, and moves to the next unassigned pin.
PIN I/O
P2
P3
P3.1-P3.7, P4.0 only
available on the 48-pin
and 40-pin packages
/WR
VREF
CNVSTR
XTAL1
XTAL2
Special
Function
Signals
P1
ALE
/RD
P0
Port
P4
P4.1-P4.7 only
available on the 48pin packages
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
UART0_TX
UART0_RX
CAN_TX
CAN_RX
SCK
MISO
MOSI
NSS
SDA
SCL
CP0
CP0A
CP1
CP1A
SYSCLK
CEX0
CEX1
CEX2
CEX3
CEX4
CEX5
ECI
T0
T1
LIN_TX
LIN_RX
UART1_TX
UART1_RX
CP2
CP2A
CEX6
CEX7
CEX8
CEX9
CEX10
CEX11
ECI1
T4
T4EX
T5
T5EX
Figure 20.3. Peripheral Availability on Port I/O Pins
Registers XBR0, XBR1, XBR2, and XBR3 are used to assign the digital I/O resources to the physical I/O
Port pins. Note that when the SMBus is selected, the Crossbar assigns both pins associated with the
SMBus (SDA and SCL); and similarly when the UART, CAN or LIN are selected, the Crossbar assigns both
pins associated with the peripheral (TX and RX).
Rev. 1.2
191
C8051F58x/F59x
UART0 pin assignments are fixed for bootloading purposes: UART TX0 is always assigned to P0.4; UART
RX0 is always assigned to P0.5. CAN0 pin assignments are fixed to P0.6 for CAN_TX and P0.7 for
CAN_RX. Standard Port I/Os appear contiguously after the prioritized functions have been assigned.
Important Note: The SPI can be operated in either 3-wire or 4-wire modes, pending the state of the
NSSMD1–NSSMD0 bits in register SPI0CN. According to the SPI mode, the NSS signal may or may not
be routed to a Port pin.
As an example configuration, if CAN0, SPI0 in 4-wire mode, and PCA0 Modules 0, 1, and 2, 6, and 7 are
enabled on the crossbar with P0.1, P0.2, and P0.5 skipped, the registers should be set as follows: XBR0 =
0x06 (CAN0 and SPI0 enabled), XBR1 = 0x0C (PCA0 modules 0, 1, and 2 enabled), XBR2 = 0x40 (Crossbar enabled), XBR3 = 0x02 (PCA1 modules 6 and 7) and P0SKIP = 0x26 (P0.1, P0.2, and P0.5 skipped).
The resulting crossbar would look as shown in Figure 20.4.
PIN I/O
P1
P2
P3
P3.1-P3.7, P4.0 only
available on the 48-pin
and 40-pin packages
/WR
VREF
CNVSTR
XTAL1
XTAL2
Special
Function
Signals
P0
ALE
/RD
Port
P4
P4.1-P4.7 only
available on the 48pin packages
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
UART0_TX
UART0_RX
CAN_TX
CAN_RX
SCK
MISO
MOSI
NSS
*NSS Is only pinned out in 4-wire SPI Mode
SDA
SCL
CP0
CP0A
CP1
CP1A
SYSCLK
CEX0
CEX1
CEX2
CEX3
CEX4
CEX5
ECI
T0
T1
LIN_TX
LIN_RX
UART1_TX
UART1_RX
CP2
CP2A
CEX6
CEX7
CEX8
CEX9
CEX10
CEX11
ECI1
T4
T4EX
T5
T5EX
0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
P0SKIP[0:7]
P1SKIP[0:7]
P2SKIP[0:7]
P3SKIP[0:7]
Figure 20.4. Crossbar Priority Decoder in Example Configuration
192
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
20.4. Port I/O Initialization
Port I/O initialization consists of the following steps:
1. Select the input mode (analog or digital) for all Port pins, using the Port Input Mode register (PnMDIN).
2. Select the output mode (open-drain or push-pull) for all Port pins, using the Port Output Mode register
(PnMDOUT).
3. Select any pins to be skipped by the I/O Crossbar using the Port Skip registers (PnSKIP).
4. Assign Port pins to desired peripherals.
5. Enable the Crossbar (XBARE = 1).
All Port pins must be configured as either analog or digital inputs. Port 4 on C8051F580/1/4/5 and
C8051F588/9-F590/1 is a digital-only Port. Any pins to be used as Comparator or ADC inputs should be
configured as an analog inputs. When a pin is configured as an analog input, its weak pullup, digital driver,
and digital receiver are disabled. This process saves power and reduces noise on the analog input. Pins
configured as digital inputs may still be used by analog peripherals; however this practice is not recommended.
Additionally, all analog input pins should be configured to be skipped by the Crossbar (accomplished by
setting the associated bits in PnSKIP). Port input mode is set in the PnMDIN register, where a 1 indicates a
digital input, and a 0 indicates an analog input. All pins default to digital inputs on reset. See SFR Definition
20.14 for the PnMDIN register details.
The output driver characteristics of the I/O pins are defined using the Port Output Mode registers (PnMDOUT). Each Port Output driver can be configured as either open drain or push-pull. This selection is
required even for the digital resources selected in the XBRn registers, and is not automatic. The only
exception to this is the SMBus (SDA, SCL) pins, which are configured as open-drain regardless of the
PnMDOUT settings. When the WEAKPUD bit in XBR2 is 0, a weak pullup is enabled for all Port I/O configured as open-drain. WEAKPUD does not affect the push-pull Port I/O. Furthermore, the weak pullup is
turned off on an output that is driving a 0 to avoid unnecessary power dissipation.
Registers XBR0, XBR1, XBR2, an XBR3 must be loaded with the appropriate values to select the digital
I/O functions required by the design. Setting the XBARE bit in XBR2 to 1 enables the Crossbar. Until the
Crossbar is enabled, the external pins remain as standard Port I/O (in input mode), regardless of the XBRn
Register settings. For given XBRn Register settings, one can determine the I/O pin-out using the Priority
Decode Table; as an alternative, the Configuration Wizard utility of the Silicon Labs IDE software will determine the Port I/O pin-assignments based on the XBRn Register settings.
The Crossbar must be enabled to use Port pins as standard Port I/O in output mode. Port output drivers
are disabled while the Crossbar is disabled.
Rev. 1.2
193
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 20.1. XBR0: Port I/O Crossbar Register 0
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Name
CP1AE
CP1E
CP0AE
CP0E
SMB0E
SPI0E
CAN0E
URT0E
Type
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0xE1; SFR Page = 0x0F
Bit
Name
7
CP1AE
Function
Comparator1 Asynchronous Output Enable.
0: Asynchronous CP1 unavailable at Port pin.
1: Asynchronous CP1 routed to Port pin.
6
CP1E
Comparator1 Output Enable.
0: CP1 unavailable at Port pin.
1: CP1 routed to Port pin.
5
CP0AE
Comparator0 Asynchronous Output Enable.
0: Asynchronous CP0 unavailable at Port pin.
1: Asynchronous CP0 routed to Port pin.
4
CP0E
Comparator0 Output Enable.
0: CP0 unavailable at Port pin.
1: CP0 routed to Port pin.
3
SMB0E
SMBus I/O Enable.
0: SMBus I/O unavailable at Port pins.
1: SMBus I/O routed to Port pins.
2
SPI0E
SPI I/O Enable.
0: SPI I/O unavailable at Port pins.
1: SPI I/O routed to Port pins. Note that the SPI can be assigned either 3 or 4 GPIO
pins.
1
CAN0E
CAN I/O Output Enable.
0: CAN I/O unavailable at Port pins.
1: CAN_TX, CAN_RX routed to Port pins P0.6 and P0.7.
0
URT0E
UART0 I/O Output Enable.
0: UART0 I/O unavailable at Port pin.
1: UART0 TX0, RX0 routed to Port pins P0.4 and P0.5.
194
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 20.2. XBR1: Port I/O Crossbar Register 1
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
Name
T1E
T0E
ECIE
Type
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
0
T1E
1
0
SYSCKE
Reserved
R
R/W
R/W
0
0
0
PCA0ME[2:0]
SFR Address = 0xE2; SFR Page = 0x0F
Bit
Name
7
2
Function
T1 Enable.
0: T1 unavailable at Port pin.
1: T1 routed to Port pin.
6
T0E
T0 Enable.
0: T0 unavailable at Port pin.
1: T0 routed to Port pin.
5
ECIE
PCA0 External Counter Input Enable.
0: ECI unavailable at Port pin.
1: ECI routed to Port pin.
4:2 PCA0ME[2:0] PCA0 Module I/O Enable Bits.
000: All PCA0 I/O unavailable at Port pins.
001: CEX0 routed to Port pin.
010: CEX0, CEX1 routed to Port pins.
011: CEX0, CEX1, CEX2 routed to Port pins.
100: CEX0, CEX1, CEX2, CEX3 routed to Port pins.
101: CEX0, CEX1, CEX2, CEX3, CEX4 routed to Port pins.
110: CEX0, CEX1, CEX2, CEX3, CEX4, CEX5 routed to Port pins.
111: RESERVED
1
SYSCKE
SYSCLK Output Enable.
0: SYSCLK unavailable at Port pin.
1: SYSCLK output routed to Port pin.
0
Reserved
Always Write to 0.
Rev. 1.2
195
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 20.3. XBR2: Port I/O Crossbar Register 2
Bit
7
Name WEAKPUD
6
5
XBARE
4
Reserved
3
2
1
0
CP2AE
CP2E
URT1E
LIN0E
Type
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0xC7; SFR Page = 0x0F
Bit
Name
7
WEAKPUD
Function
Port I/O Weak Pullup Disable.
0: Weak Pullups enabled (except for Ports whose I/O are configured for analog
mode).
1: Weak Pullups disabled.
6
XBARE
Crossbar Enable.
0: Crossbar disabled.
1: Crossbar enabled.
5:4
Reserved
3
CP2AE
Always Write to 00b.
Comparator2 Asynchronous Output Enable.
0: Asynchronous CP2 unavailable at Port pin.
1: Asynchronous CP2 routed to Port pin.
2
CP2E
Comparator2 Output Enable.
0: CP2 unavailable at Port pin.
1: CP2 routed to Port pin.
1
URT1E
UART1 I/O Output Enable.
0: UART1 I/O unavailable at Port pin.
1: UART1 TX0, RX0 routed to Port pins.
0
LIN0E
LIN I/O Output Enable.
0: LIN I/O unavailable at Port pin.
1: LIN_TX, LIN_RX routed to Port pins.
196
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 20.4. XBR3: Port I/O Crossbar Register 3
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
Name
T5EXE
T5E
T4EXE
T4E
ECI1E
Type
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0xC6; SFR Page = 0x0F
Bit
Name
7
T5EXE
2
1
0
PCA1ME[2:0]
Function
T5EX Enable.
0: T5EX unavailable at Port pin.
1: T5EX routed to Port pin
6
T5EX
T5E Enable.
0: T5E unavailable at Port pin.
1: T5E routed to Port pin
5
T4EXE
T4EX Enable.
0: T4EX unavailable at Port pin.
1: T4EX routed to Port pin
4
T5EX
T4E Enable.
0: T4E unavailable at Port pin.
1: T4E routed to Port pin
3
ECI1E
PCA1 External Counter Input Enable.
0: ECI1 unavailable at Port pin.
1: ECI1 routed to Port pin.
2:0
PCA1ME[2:0] PCA1 Module I/O Enable Bits.
000: All PCA1 I/O unavailable at Port pins.
001: CEX6 routed to Port pin.
010: CEX6, CEX7 routed to Port pins.
011: CEX6, CEX7, CEX8 routed to Port pins.
100: CEX6, CEX7, CEX8, CEX9 routed to Port pins.
101: CEX6, CEX7, CEX8, CEX9, CEX10 routed to Port pins.
110: CEX6, CEX7, CEX8, CEX9, CEX10, CEX11 routed to Port pins.
111: RESERVED
Rev. 1.2
197
C8051F58x/F59x
20.5. Port Match
Port match functionality allows system events to be triggered by a logic value change on P0, P1, P2 or P3.
A software controlled value stored in the PnMATCH registers specifies the expected or normal logic values
of P0, P1, P2, and P3. A Port mismatch event occurs if the logic levels of the Port’s input pins no longer
match the software controlled value. This allows Software to be notified if a certain change or pattern
occurs on P0, P1, P2, or P3 input pins regardless of the XBRn settings.
The PnMASK registers can be used to individually select which of the port pins should be compared
against the PnMATCH registers. A Port mismatch event is generated if (Pn & PnMASK) does not equal
(PnMATCH & PnMASK), where n is 0, 1, 2 or 3
A Port mismatch event may be used to generate an interrupt or wake the device from a low power mode,
such as IDLE or SUSPEND. See the Interrupts and Power Options chapters for more details on interrupt
and wake-up sources.
SFR Definition 20.5. P0MASK: Port 0 Mask Register
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
Name
P0MASK[7:0]
Type
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0xF2; SFR Page = 0x00
Bit
Name
7:0
P0MASK[7:0]
2
1
0
0
0
0
Function
Port 0 Mask Value.
Selects P0 pins to be compared to the corresponding bits in P0MAT.
0: P0.n pin logic value is ignored and cannot cause a Port Mismatch event.
1: P0.n pin logic value is compared to P0MAT.n.
SFR Definition 20.6. P0MAT: Port 0 Match Register
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
Name
P0MAT[7:0]
Type
R/W
Reset
1
1
1
1
SFR Address = 0xF1; SFR Page = 0x00
Bit
Name
7:0
P0MAT[7:0]
1
2
1
0
1
1
1
Function
Port 0 Match Value.
Match comparison value used on Port 0 for bits in P0MAT which are set to 1.
0: P0.n pin logic value is compared with logic LOW.
1: P0.n pin logic value is compared with logic HIGH.
198
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 20.7. P1MASK: Port 1 Mask Register
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
Name
P1MASK[7:0]
Type
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0xF4; SFR Page = 0x00
Bit
Name
7:0
P1MASK[7:0]
2
1
0
0
0
0
Function
Port 1 Mask Value.
Selects P1 pins to be compared to the corresponding bits in P1MAT.
0: P1.n pin logic value is ignored and cannot cause a Port Mismatch event.
1: P1.n pin logic value is compared to P1MAT.n.
SFR Definition 20.8. P1MAT: Port 1 Match Register
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
Name
P1MAT[7:0]
Type
R/W
Reset
1
1
1
1
SFR Address = 0xF3; SFR Page = 0x00
Bit
Name
7:0
P1MAT[7:0]
1
2
1
0
1
1
1
Function
Port 1 Match Value.
Match comparison value used on Port 1 for bits in P1MAT which are set to 1.
0: P1.n pin logic value is compared with logic LOW.
1: P1.n pin logic value is compared with logic HIGH.
Rev. 1.2
199
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 20.9. P2MASK: Port 2 Mask Register
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
Name
P2MASK[7:0]
Type
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0xB2; SFR Page = 0x00
Bit
Name
7:0
P2MASK[7:0]
2
1
0
0
0
0
Function
Port 2 Mask Value.
Selects P2 pins to be compared to the corresponding bits in P2MAT.
0: P2.n pin logic value is ignored and cannot cause a Port Mismatch event.
1: P2.n pin logic value is compared to P2MAT.n.
SFR Definition 20.10. P2MAT: Port 2 Match Register
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
Name
P2MAT[7:0]
Type
R/W
Reset
1
1
1
1
SFR Address = 0xB1; SFR Page = 0x00
Bit
Name
7:0
P2MAT[7:0]
1
2
1
0
1
1
1
Function
Port 2 Match Value.
Match comparison value used on Port 2 for bits in P2MAT which are set to 1.
0: P2.n pin logic value is compared with logic LOW.
1: P2.n pin logic value is compared with logic HIGH.
200
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 20.11. P3MASK: Port 3 Mask Register
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
Name
P3MASK[7:0]
Type
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0xAF; SFR Page = 0x00
Bit
Name
7:0
P3MASK[7:0]
2
1
0
0
0
0
Function
Port 1 Mask Value.
Selects P3 pins to be compared to the corresponding bits in P3MAT.
0: P3.n pin logic value is ignored and cannot cause a Port Mismatch event.
1: P3.n pin logic value is compared to P3MAT.n.
Note: P3.1–P3.6 are only available on the 48-pin and 40-pin packages
SFR Definition 20.12. P3MAT: Port 3 Match Register
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
Name
P3MAT[7:0]
Type
R/W
Reset
1
1
1
1
SFR Address = 0xAE; SFR Page = 0x00
Bit
Name
7:0
P3MAT[7:0]
1
2
1
0
1
1
1
Function
Port 3 Match Value.
Match comparison value used on Port 3 for bits in P3MAT which are set to 1.
0: P3.n pin logic value is compared with logic LOW.
1: P3.n pin logic value is compared with logic HIGH.
Note: P3.1–P3.6 are only available on the 48-pin and 40-pin packages
Rev. 1.2
201
C8051F58x/F59x
20.6. Special Function Registers for Accessing and Configuring Port I/O
All Port I/O are accessed through corresponding special function registers (SFRs) that are both byte
addressable and bit addressable, except for P4 which is only byte addressable. When writing to a Port, the
value written to the SFR is latched to maintain the output data value at each pin. When reading, the logic
levels of the Port's input pins are returned regardless of the XBRn settings (i.e., even when the pin is
assigned to another signal by the Crossbar, the Port register can always read its corresponding Port I/O
pin). The exception to this is the execution of the read-modify-write instructions that target a Port Latch register as the destination. The read-modify-write instructions when operating on a Port SFR are the following:
ANL, ORL, XRL, JBC, CPL, INC, DEC, DJNZ and MOV, CLR or SETB, when the destination is an individual bit in a Port SFR. For these instructions, the value of the latch register (not the pin) is read, modified,
and written back to the SFR.
Ports 0–3 have a corresponding PnSKIP register which allows its individual Port pins to be assigned to digital functions or skipped by the Crossbar. All Port pins used for analog functions, GPIO, or dedicated digital
functions such as the EMIF should have their PnSKIP bit set to 1.
The Port input mode of the I/O pins is defined using the Port Input Mode registers (PnMDIN). Each Port
cell can be configured for analog or digital I/O. This selection is required even for the digital resources
selected in the XBRn registers, and is not automatic. The only exception to this is P4, which can only be
used for digital I/O.
The output driver characteristics of the I/O pins are defined using the Port Output Mode registers (PnMDOUT). Each Port Output driver can be configured as either open drain or push-pull. This selection is
required even for the digital resources selected in the XBRn registers, and is not automatic. The only
exception to this is the SMBus (SDA, SCL) pins, which are configured as open-drain regardless of the
PnMDOUT settings.
SFR Definition 20.13. P0: Port 0
Bit
7
6
5
4
Name
P0[7:0]
Type
R/W
Reset
1
1
1
1
3
2
1
0
1
1
1
1
SFR Address = 0x80; SFR Page = All Pages; Bit-Addressable
Bit
Name
Description
Write
7:0
P0[7:0]
Port 0 Data.
Sets the Port latch logic
value or reads the Port pin
logic state in Port cells configured for digital I/O.
202
0: Set output latch to logic
LOW.
1: Set output latch to logic
HIGH.
Rev. 1.2
Read
0: P0.n Port pin is logic
LOW.
1: P0.n Port pin is logic
HIGH.
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 20.14. P0MDIN: Port 0 Input Mode
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
Name
P0MDIN[7:0]
Type
R/W
Reset
1
1
1
1
1
SFR Address = 0xF1; SFR Page = 0x0F
Bit
Name
7:0
P0MDIN[7:0]
2
1
0
1
1
1
Function
Analog Configuration Bits for P0.7–P0.0 (respectively).
Port pins configured for analog mode have their weak pull-up and digital receiver
disabled. For analog mode, the pin also needs to be configured for open-drain
mode in the P0MDOUT register.
0: Corresponding P0.n pin is configured for analog mode.
1: Corresponding P0.n pin is not configured for analog mode.
SFR Definition 20.15. P0MDOUT: Port 0 Output Mode
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
Name
P0MDOUT[7:0]
Type
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0xA4; SFR Page = 0x0F
Bit
Name
0
2
1
0
0
0
0
Function
7:0 P0MDOUT[7:0] Output Configuration Bits for P0.7–P0.0 (respectively).
These bits are ignored if the corresponding bit in register P0MDIN is logic 0.
0: Corresponding P0.n Output is open-drain.
1: Corresponding P0.n Output is push-pull.
Rev. 1.2
203
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 20.16. P0SKIP: Port 0 Skip
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
Name
P0SKIP[7:0]
Type
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0xD4; SFR Page = 0x0F
Bit
Name
7:0
P0SKIP[7:0]
2
1
0
0
0
0
Function
Port 0 Crossbar Skip Enable Bits.
These bits select Port 0 pins to be skipped by the Crossbar Decoder. Port pins
used for analog, special functions or GPIO should be skipped by the Crossbar.
0: Corresponding P0.n pin is not skipped by the Crossbar.
1: Corresponding P0.n pin is skipped by the Crossbar.
SFR Definition 20.17. P1: Port 1
Bit
7
6
5
4
Name
P1[7:0]
Type
R/W
Reset
1
1
1
1
3
2
1
0
1
1
1
1
SFR Address = 0x90; SFR Page = All Pages; Bit-Addressable
Bit
Name
Description
Write
7:0
P1[7:0]
Port 1 Data.
Sets the Port latch logic
value or reads the Port pin
logic state in Port cells configured for digital I/O.
204
0: Set output latch to logic
LOW.
1: Set output latch to logic
HIGH.
Rev. 1.2
Read
0: P1.n Port pin is logic
LOW.
1: P1.n Port pin is logic
HIGH.
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 20.18. P1MDIN: Port 1 Input Mode
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
Name
P1MDIN[7:0]
Type
R/W
Reset
1
1
1
1
1
SFR Address = 0xF2; SFR Page = 0x0F
Bit
Name
7:0
P1MDIN[7:0]
2
1
0
1
1
1
Function
Analog Configuration Bits for P1.7–P1.0 (respectively).
Port pins configured for analog mode have their weak pull-up and digital receiver
disabled. For analog mode, the pin also needs to be configured for open-drain
mode in the P1MDOUT register.
0: Corresponding P1.n pin is configured for analog mode.
1: Corresponding P1.n pin is not configured for analog mode.
SFR Definition 20.19. P1MDOUT: Port 1 Output Mode
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
Name
P1MDOUT[7:0]
Type
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0xA5; SFR Page = 0x0F
Bit
Name
0
2
1
0
0
0
0
Function
7:0 P1MDOUT[7:0] Output Configuration Bits for P1.7–P1.0 (respectively).
These bits are ignored if the corresponding bit in register P1MDIN is logic 0.
0: Corresponding P1.n Output is open-drain.
1: Corresponding P1.n Output is push-pull.
Rev. 1.2
205
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 20.20. P1SKIP: Port 1 Skip
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
Name
P1SKIP[7:0]
Type
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0xD5; SFR Page = 0x0F
Bit
Name
7:0
P1SKIP[7:0]
2
1
0
0
0
0
Function
Port 1 Crossbar Skip Enable Bits.
These bits select Port 1 pins to be skipped by the Crossbar Decoder. Port pins
used for analog, special functions or GPIO should be skipped by the Crossbar.
0: Corresponding P1.n pin is not skipped by the Crossbar.
1: Corresponding P1.n pin is skipped by the Crossbar.
SFR Definition 20.21. P2: Port 2
Bit
7
6
5
4
Name
P2[7:0]
Type
R/W
Reset
1
1
1
1
3
2
1
0
1
1
1
1
SFR Address = 0xA0; SFR Page = All Pages; Bit-Addressable
Bit
Name
Description
Write
7:0
P2[7:0]
Port 2Data.
Sets the Port latch logic
value or reads the Port pin
logic state in Port cells configured for digital I/O.
206
0: Set output latch to logic
LOW.
1: Set output latch to logic
HIGH.
Rev. 1.2
Read
0: P2.n Port pin is logic
LOW.
1: P2.n Port pin is logic
HIGH.
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 20.22. P2MDIN: Port 2 Input Mode
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
Name
P2MDIN[7:0]
Type
R/W
Reset
1
1
1
1
1
SFR Address = 0xF3; SFR Page = 0x0F
Bit
Name
7:0
P2MDIN[7:0]
2
1
0
1
1
1
Function
Analog Configuration Bits for P2.7–P2.0 (respectively).
Port pins configured for analog mode have their weak pull-up and digital receiver
disabled. For analog mode, the pin also needs to be configured for open-drain
mode in the P2MDOUT register.
0: Corresponding P2.n pin is configured for analog mode.
1: Corresponding P2.n pin is not configured for analog mode.
SFR Definition 20.23. P2MDOUT: Port 2 Output Mode
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
Name
P2MDOUT[7:0]
Type
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0xA6; SFR Page = 0x0F
Bit
Name
0
2
1
0
0
0
0
Function
7:0 P2MDOUT[7:0] Output Configuration Bits for P2.7–P2.0 (respectively).
These bits are ignored if the corresponding bit in register P2MDIN is logic 0.
0: Corresponding P2.n Output is open-drain.
1: Corresponding P2.n Output is push-pull.
Rev. 1.2
207
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 20.24. P2SKIP: Port 2 Skip
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
Name
P2SKIP[7:0]
Type
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0xD6; SFR Page = 0x0F
Bit
Name
7:0
P2SKIP[7:0]
2
1
0
0
0
0
Function
Port 2 Crossbar Skip Enable Bits.
These bits select Port 2 pins to be skipped by the Crossbar Decoder. Port pins
used for analog, special functions or GPIO should be skipped by the Crossbar.
0: Corresponding P2.n pin is not skipped by the Crossbar.
1: Corresponding P2.n pin is skipped by the Crossbar.
SFR Definition 20.25. P3: Port 3
Bit
7
6
5
4
Name
P3[7:0]
Type
R/W
Reset
1
1
1
1
3
2
1
0
1
1
1
1
SFR Address = 0xB0; SFR Page = All Pages; Bit-Addressable
Bit
Name
Description
Write
7:0
P3[7:0]
Port 3 Data.
Sets the Port latch logic
value or reads the Port pin
logic state in Port cells configured for digital I/O.
0: Set output latch to logic
LOW.
1: Set output latch to logic
HIGH.
Note: Port P3.1–P3.6 are only available on the 48-pin and 40-pin packages.
208
Rev. 1.2
Read
0: P3.n Port pin is logic
LOW.
1: P3.n Port pin is logic
HIGH.
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 20.26. P3MDIN: Port 3 Input Mode
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
Name
P3MDIN[7:0]
Type
R/W
Reset
1
1
1
1
1
SFR Address = 0xF4; SFR Page = 0x0F
Bit
Name
7:0
P3MDIN[7:0]
2
1
0
1
1
1
Function
Analog Configuration Bits for P3.7–P3.0 (respectively).
Port pins configured for analog mode have their weak pull-up and digital receiver
disabled. For analog mode, the pin also needs to be configured for open-drain
mode in the P3MDOUT register.
0: Corresponding P3.n pin is configured for analog mode.
1: Corresponding P3.n pin is not configured for analog mode.
Note: Port P3.1–P3.7 are only available on the 48-pin and 40-pin packages.
SFR Definition 20.27. P3MDOUT: Port 3 Output Mode
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
Name
P3MDOUT[7:0]
Type
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0xAE; SFR Page = 0x0F
Bit
Name
0
2
1
0
0
0
0
Function
7:0 P3MDOUT[7:0] Output Configuration Bits for P3.7–P3.0 (respectively).
These bits are ignored if the corresponding bit in register P3MDIN is logic 0.
0: Corresponding P3.n Output is open-drain.
1: Corresponding P3.n Output is push-pull.
Note: Port P3.1–P3.7 are only available on the 48-pin and 40-pin packages.
Rev. 1.2
209
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 20.28. P3SKIP: Port 3Skip
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
Name
P3SKIP[7:0]
Type
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0xD7; SFR Page = 0x0F
Bit
Name
7:0
P3SKIP[7:0]
2
1
0
0
0
0
Function
Port 3 Crossbar Skip Enable Bits.
These bits select Port 3 pins to be skipped by the Crossbar Decoder. Port pins
used for analog, special functions or GPIO should be skipped by the Crossbar.
0: Corresponding P3.n pin is not skipped by the Crossbar.
1: Corresponding P3.n pin is skipped by the Crossbar.
Note: Port P3.1–P3.7 are only available on the 48-pin and 40-pin packages.
SFR Definition 20.29. P4: Port 4
Bit
7
6
5
4
Name
P4[7:0]
Type
R/W
Reset
1
1
1
1
SFR Address = 0xB5; SFR Page = All Pages
Bit
Name
Description
7:0
P4[7:0]
Port 4 Data.
Sets the Port latch logic
value or reads the Port pin
logic state in Port cells configured for digital I/O.
3
2
1
0
1
1
1
1
Write
0: Set output latch to logic
LOW.
1: Set output latch to logic
HIGH.
Read
0: P4.n Port pin is logic
LOW.
1: P4.n Port pin is logic
HIGH.
Note: Port 4.0 is only available on the 48-pin and 40-pin packages.; P4.1-P4.7 is only available on the 48-pin
packages.
210
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 20.30. P4MDOUT: Port 4 Output Mode
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
Name
P4MDOUT[7:0]
Type
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0xAF; SFR Page = 0x0F
Bit
Name
0
2
1
0
0
0
0
Function
7:0 P4MDOUT[7:0] Output Configuration Bits for P4.7–P4.0 (respectively).
0: Corresponding P4.n Output is open-drain.
1: Corresponding P4.n Output is push-pull.
Note: Port 4.0 is only available on the 48-pin and 40-pin packages.; P4.1-P4.7 is only available on the 48-pin
packages.
Rev. 1.2
211
C8051F58x/F59x
21. Local Interconnect Network (LIN0)
Important Note: This chapter assumes an understanding of the Local Interconnect Network (LIN) protocol. For more information about the LIN protocol, including specifications, please refer to the LIN consortium (http://www.lin-subbus.org).
LIN is an asynchronous, serial communications interface used primarily in automotive networks. The Silicon Laboratories LIN controller is compliant to the 2.1 Specification, implements a complete hardware LIN
interface and includes the following features:

Selectable Master and Slave modes.
Automatic baud rate option in slave mode.
 The internal oscillator is accurate to within 0.5% of 24 MHz across the entire temperature range and for
VDD voltages greater than or equal to the minimum output of the on-chip voltage regulator, so an
external oscillator is not necessary for master mode operation for most systems.

Note: The minimum system clock (SYSCLK) required when using the LIN controller is 8 MHz.
C8051F580/2/4/6/8-F590
LIN Controller
LIN Data
Registers
8051 MCU Core
LIN Control
Registers
LIN0ADR
LIN0DAT
Indirectly Addressed Registers
TX
Control State Machine
LIN0CF
RX
Figure 21.1. LIN Block Diagram
The LIN controller has four main components:

LIN Access Registers—Provide the interface between the MCU core and the LIN controller.
 LIN Data Registers—Where transmitted and received message data bytes are stored.
 LIN Control Registers—Control the functionality of the LIN interface.
 Control State Machine and Bit Streaming Logic—Contains the hardware that serializes messages and
controls the bus timing of the controller.
212
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
21.1. Software Interface with the LIN Controller
The selection of the mode (Master or Slave) and the automatic baud rate feature are done though the LIN0
Control Mode (LIN0CF) register. The other LIN registers are accessed indirectly through the two SFRs
LIN0 Address (LIN0ADR) and LIN0 Data (LIN0DAT). The LIN0ADR register selects which LIN register is
targeted by reads/writes of the LIN0DAT register. The full list of indirectly-accessible LIN registers is given
in Table 21.4 on page 221.
21.2. LIN Interface Setup and Operation
The hardware based LIN controller allows for the implementation of both Master and Slave nodes with
minimal firmware overhead and complete control of the interface status while allowing for interrupt and
polled mode operation.
The first step to use the controller is to define the basic characteristics of the node:
Mode—Master or Slave
Baud Rate—Either defined manually or using the autobaud feature (slave mode only)
Checksum Type—Select between classic or enhanced checksum, both of which are implemented in hardware.
21.2.1. Mode Definition
Following the LIN specification, the controller implements in hardware both the Slave and Master operating
modes. The mode is configured using the MODE bit (LIN0CF.6).
21.2.2. Baud Rate Options: Manual or Autobaud
The LIN controller can be selected to have its baud rate calculated manually or automatically. A master
node must always have its baud rate set manually, but slave nodes can choose between a manual or automatic setup. The configuration is selected using the ABAUD bit (LIN0CF.5).
Both the manual and automatic baud rate configurations require additional setup. The following sections
explain the different options available and their relation with the baud rate, along with the steps necessary
to achieve the required baud rate.
21.2.3. Baud Rate Calculations: Manual Mode
The baud rate used by the LIN controller is a function of the System Clock (SYSCLK) and the LIN timing
registers according to the following equation:
SYSCLK
baud_rate = -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- prescaler + 1 
 divider   multiplier + 1 
2
The prescaler, divider and multiplier factors are part of the LIN0DIV and LIN0MUL registers and can
assume values in the following range:
Table 21.1. Baud Rate Calculation Variable Ranges
Factor
Range
prescaler
0…3
multiplier
0…31
divider
200…511
Important Note: The minimum system clock (SYSCLK) to operate the LIN controller is 8 MHz.
Use the following equations to calculate the values for the variables for the baud-rate equation:
Rev. 1.2
213
C8051F58x/F59x
20000
multiplier = ----------------------------- – 1
baud_rate
SYSCLK
prescaler = ln ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- multiplier + 1   baud_rate  200
1
 -------–1
ln2
SYSCLK
divider = ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- prescaler + 1 
2
  multiplier + 1   baud_rate 
In all of these equations, the results must be rounded down to the nearest integer.
The following example shows the steps for calculating the baud rate values for a Master node running at
24 MHz and communicating at 19200 bits/sec. First, calculate the multiplier:
20000
multiplier = ---------------- – 1 = 0.0417
19200
0
Next, calculate the prescaler:
24000000
prescaler = ln ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 + 1   19200  200
1
 ------- – 1 = 1.644  1
ln2
Finally, calculate the divider:
24000000
divider = ----------------------------------------------------------------------- = 312.5
1 + 1
  0 + 1   19200
2
These values lead to the following baud rate:
24000000
baud_rate = ---------------------------------------------------------------1 + 1
2
  0 + 1   312
 312
 19230.77
The following code programs the interface in Master mode, using the Enhanced Checksum and enables
the interface to operate at 19230 bits/sec using a 24 MHz system clock.
LIN0CF
LIN0CF
= 0x80;
|= 0x40;
// Activate the interface
// Set the node as a Master
LIN0ADR = 0x0D;
// Point to the LIN0MUL register
// Initialize the register (prescaler, multiplier and bit 8 of divider)
LIN0DAT = ( 0x01 << 6 ) + ( 0x00 << 1 ) + ( ( 0x138 & 0x0100 ) >> 8 );
LIN0ADR
= 0x0C;
// Point to the LIN0DIV register
LIN0DAT
= (unsigned char)_0x138;
// Initialize LIN0DIV
LIN0ADR
LIN0DAT
= 0x0B;
|= 0x80;
LIN0ADR
LIN0DAT
= 0x08;
= 0x0C;
// Point to the LIN0SIZE register
// Initialize the checksum as Enhanced
// Point to LIN0CTRL register
// Reset any error and the interrupt
Table 21.2 includes the configuration values required for the typical system clocks and baud rates:
214
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
Table 21.2. Manual Baud Rate Parameters Examples
Baud (bits/sec)
1
325
1
1
325
3
1
325
19
1
312
24.5
0
1
306
0
1
319
1
1
319
3
1
319
19
1
306
Div.
Pres.
0
Mult.
Mult.
312
Div.
Pres.
1
Div.
Mult.
0
Div.
25
Div.
Pres.
1K
Mult.
4.8 K
Pres.
9.6 K
Mult.
SYSCLK
(MHz)
19.2 K
Pres.
20 K
24
0
1
300
0
1
312
1
1
312
3
1
312
19
1
300
22.1184
0
1
276
0
1
288
1
1
288
3
1
288
19
1
276
16
0
1
200
0
1
208
1
1
208
3
1
208
19
1
200
12.25
0
0
306
0
0
319
1
0
319
3
0
319
19
0
306
12
0
0
300
0
0
312
1
0
312
3
0
312
19
0
300
11.0592
0
0
276
0
0
288
1
0
288
3
0
288
19
0
276
8
0
0
200
0
0
208
1
0
208
3
0
208
19
0
200
21.2.4. Baud Rate Calculations—Automatic Mode
If the LIN controller is configured for slave mode, only the prescaler and divider need to be calculated:
SYSCLK
prescaler = ln ------------------------4000000
1
 -------–1
ln2
SYSCLK
divider = --------------------------------------------------------------------- prescaler + 1 
 20000
2
The following example calculates the values of these variables for a 24 MHz system clock:
24000000
prescaler = ln -------------------------4000000
1
 ------- – 1 = 1.585  1
ln2
24000000
divider = --------------------------------------------- = 300
1 + 1
2
 20000
Table 21.3 presents some typical values of system clock and baud rate along with their factors.
Rev. 1.2
215
C8051F58x/F59x
Table 21.3. Autobaud Parameters Examples
System Clock (MHz)
Prescaler
Divider
25
1
312
24.5
1
306
24
1
300
22.1184
1
276
16
1
200
12.25
0
306
12
0
300
11.0592
0
276
8
0
200
21.3. LIN Master Mode Operation
The master node is responsible for the scheduling of messages and sends the header of each frame containing the SYNCH BREAK FIELD, SYNCH FIELD, and IDENTIFIER FIELD. The steps to schedule a message transmission or reception are listed below.
1. Load the 6-bit Identifier into the LIN0ID register.
2. Load the data length into the LIN0SIZE register. Set the value to the number of data bytes or "1111b" if
the data length should be decoded from the identifier. Also, set the checksum type, classic or
enhanced, in the same LIN0SIZE register.
3. Set the data direction by setting the TXRX bit (LIN0CTRL.5). Set the bit to 1 to perform a master
transmit operation, or set the bit to 0 to perform a master receive operation.
4. If performing a master transmit operation, load the data bytes to transmit into the data buffer (LIN0DT1
to LIN0DT8).
5. Set the STREQ bit (LIN0CTRL.0) to start the message transfer. The LIN controller will schedule the
message frame and request an interrupt if the message transfer is successfully completed or if an error
has occurred.
This code segment shows the procedure to schedule a message in a transmission operation:
LIN0ADR
LIN0DAT
LIN0ADR
LIN0DAT
LIN0ADR
LIN0DAT
= 0x08;
|= 0x20;
= 0x0E;
= 0x11;
= 0x0B;
= ( LIN0DAT & 0xF0 ) |
LIN0ADR = 0x00;
for (i=0; i<8; i++)
{
LIN0DAT = i + 0x41;
LIN0ADR++;
}
LIN0ADR = 0x08;
LIN0DAT = 0x01;
216
// Point to LIN0CTRL
// Select to transmit data
// Point to LIN0ID
// Load the ID, in this example 0x11
// Point to LIN0SIZE
0x08;
// Load the size with 8
// Point to Data buffer first byte
// Load the buffer with ‘A’, ‘B’, ...
// Increment the address to the next buffer
// Point to LIN0CTRL
// Start Request
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
The application should perform the following steps when an interrupt is requested.
1. Check the DONE bit (LIN0ST.0) and the ERROR bit (LIN0ST.2).
2. If performing a master receive operation and the transfer was successful, read the received data from
the data buffer.
3. If the transfer was not successful, check the error register to determine the kind of error. Further error
handling has to be done by the application.
4. Set the RSTINT (LIN0CTRL.3) and RSTERR bits (LIN0CTRL.2) to reset the interrupt request and the
error flags.
21.4. LIN Slave Mode Operation
When the device is configured for slave mode operation, it must wait for a command from a master node.
Access from the firmware to the data buffer and ID registers of the LIN controller is only possible when a
data request is pending (DTREQ bit (LIN0ST.4) is 1) and also when the LIN bus is not active (ACTIVE bit
(LIN0ST.7) is set to 0).
The LIN controller in slave mode detects the header of the message frame sent by the LIN master. If slave
synchronization is enabled (autobaud), the slave synchronizes its internal bit time to the master bit time.
The LIN controller configured for slave mode will generated an interrupt in one of three situations:
1. After the reception of the IDENTIFIER FIELD
2. When an error is detected
3. When the message transfer is completed.
The application should perform the following steps when an interrupt is detected:
1. Check the status of the DTREQ bit (LIN0ST.4). This bit is set when the IDENTIFIER FIELD has been
received.
2. If DTREQ (LIN0ST.4) is set, read the identifier from LIN0ID and process it. If DTREQ (LIN0ST.4) is not
set, continue to step 7.
3. Set the TXRX bit (LIN0CTRL.5) to 1 if the current frame is a transmit operation for the slave and set to
0 if the current frame is a receive operation for the slave.
4. Load the data length into LIN0SIZE.
5. For a slave transmit operation, load the data to transmit into the data buffer.
6. Set the DTACK bit (LIN0CTRL.4). Continue to step 10.
7. If DTREQ (LIN0ST.4) is not set, check the DONE bit (LIN0ST.0). The transmission was successful if the
DONE bit is set.
8. If the transmission was successful and the current frame was a receive operation for the slave, load the
received data bytes from the data buffer.
9. If the transmission was not successful, check LIN0ERR to determine the nature of the error. Further
error handling has to be done by the application.
10.Set the RSTINT (LIN0CTRL.3) and RSTERR bits (LIN0CTRL.2) to reset the interrupt request and the
error flags.
In addition to these steps, the application should be aware of the following:
1. If the current frame is a transmit operation for the slave, steps 1 through 5 must be completed during
the IN-FRAME RESPONSE SPACE. If it is not completed in time, a timeout will be detected by the
master.
2. If the current frame is a receive operation for the slave, steps 1 through 5 have to be finished until the
reception of the first byte after the IDENTIFIER FIELD. Otherwise, the internal receive buffer of the LIN
controller will be overwritten and a timeout error will be detected in the LIN controller.
Rev. 1.2
217
C8051F58x/F59x
3. The LIN controller does not directly support LIN Version 1.3 Extended Frames. If the application detects
an unknown identifier (e.g. extended identifier), it has to write a 1 to the STOP bit (LIN0CTRL.7) instead
of setting the DTACK (LIN0CTRL.4) bit. At that time, steps 2 through 5 can then be skipped. In this
situation, the LIN controller stops the processing of LIN communication until the next SYNC BREAK is
received.
4. Changing the configuration of the checksum during a transaction will cause the interface to reset and
the transaction to be lost. To prevent this, the checksum should not be configured while a transaction is
in progress. The same applies to changes in the LIN interface mode from slave mode to master mode
and from master mode to slave mode.
21.5. Sleep Mode and Wake-Up
To reduce the system’s power consumption, the LIN Protocol Specification defines a Sleep Mode. The
message used to broadcast a Sleep Mode request must be transmitted by the LIN master application in
the same way as a normal transmit message. The LIN slave application must decode the Sleep Mode
Frame from the Identifier and data bytes. After that, it has to put the LIN slave node into the Sleep Mode by
setting the SLEEP bit (LIN0CTRL.6).
If the SLEEP bit (LIN0CTRL.6) of the LIN slave application is not set and there is no bus activity for four
seconds (specified bus idle timeout), the IDLTOUT bit (LIN0ST.6) is set and an interrupt request is generated. After that the application may assume that the LIN bus is in Sleep Mode and set the SLEEP bit
(LIN0CTRL.6).
Sending a wake-up signal from the master or any slave node terminates the Sleep Mode of the LIN bus. To
send a wake-up signal, the application has to set the WUPREQ bit (LIN0CTRL.1). After successful transmission of the wake-up signal, the DONE bit (LIN0ST.0) of the master node is set and an interrupt request
is generated. The LIN slave does not generate an interrupt request after successful transmission of the
wake-up signal but it generates an interrupt request if the master does not respond to the wake-up signal
within 150 milliseconds. In that case, the ERROR bit (LIN0ST.2) and TOUT bit (LIN0ERR.2) are set. The
application then has to decide whether or not to transmit another wake-up signal.
All LIN nodes that detect a wake-up signal will set the WAKEUP (LIN0ST.1) and DONE bits (LIN0ST.0) and
generate an interrupt request. After that, the application has to clear the SLEEP bit (LIN0CTRL.6) in the
LIN slave.
21.6. Error Detection and Handling
The LIN controller generates an interrupt request and stops the processing of the current frame if it detects
an error. The application has to check the type of error by processing LIN0ERR. After that, it has to reset
the error register and the ERROR bit (LIN0ST.2) by writing a 1 to the RSTERR bit (LIN0CTRL.2). Starting a
new message with the LIN controller selected as master or sending a Wakeup signal with the LIN controller selected as a master or slave is possible only if the ERROR bit (LIN0ST.2) is set to 0.
218
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
21.7. LIN Registers
The following Special Function Registers (SFRs) and indirect registers are available for the LIN controller.
21.7.1. LIN Direct Access SFR Registers Definitions
SFR Definition 21.1. LIN0ADR: LIN0 Indirect Address Register
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
Name
LIN0ADR[7:0]
Type
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0xD3; SFR Page = 0x00
Bit
Name
2
1
0
0
0
0
Function
7:0 LIN0ADR[7:0] LIN Indirect Address Register Bits.
This register hold an 8-bit address used to indirectly access the LIN0 core registers.
Table 21.4 lists the LIN0 core registers and their indirect addresses. Reads and
writes to LIN0DAT will target the register indicated by the LIN0ADR bits.
SFR Definition 21.2. LIN0DAT: LIN0 Indirect Data Register
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
Name
LIN0DAT[7:0]
Type
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0xD2; SFR Page = 0x00
Bit
Name
7:0
0
2
1
0
0
0
0
Function
LIN0DAT[7:0] LIN Indirect Data Register Bits.
When this register is read, it will read the contents of the LIN0 core register pointed
to by LIN0ADR.
When this register is written, it will write the value to the LIN0 core register pointed
to by LIN0ADR.
Rev. 1.2
219
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 21.3. LIN0CF: LIN0 Control Mode Register
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Name
LINEN
MODE
ABAUD
Type
R/W
R/W
R/W
R
R
R
R
R
Reset
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0xC9; SFR Page = 0x0F
Bit
Name
7
LINEN
Function
LIN Interface Enable Bit.
0: LIN0 is disabled.
1: LIN0 is enabled.
6
MODE
LIN Mode Selection Bit.
0: LIN0 operates in slave mode.
1: LIN0 operates in master mode.
5
ABAUD
LIN Mode Automatic Baud Rate Selection.
This bit only has an effect when the MODE bit is configured for slave mode.
0: Manual baud rate selection is enabled.
1: Automatic baud rate selection is enabled.
4:0
220
Unused
Read = 00000b; Write = Don’t Care
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
21.7.2. LIN Indirect Access SFR Registers Definitions
Table 21.4 lists the 15 indirect registers used to configured and communicate with the LIN controller.
Table 21.4. LIN Registers* (Indirectly Addressable)
Name
Address
Bit7
Bit6
Bit5
Bit4
Bit3
LIN0DT1
0x00
DATA1[7:0]
LIN0DT2
0x01
DATA2[7:0]
LIN0DT3
0x02
DATA3[7:0]
LIN0DT4
0x03
DATA4[7:0]
LIN0DT5
0x04
DATA5[7:0]
LIN0DT6
0x05
DATA67:0]
LIN0DT7
0x06
DATA7[7:0]
LIN0DT8
0x07
DATA8[7:0]
LIN0CTRL
0x08
STOP(s)
SLEEP(s)
LIN0ST
0x09
ACTIVE
IDLTOUT ABORT(s) DTREQ(s)
LIN0ERR
0x0A
LIN0SIZE
0x0B
LIN0DIV
0x0C
LIN0MUL
0x0D
LIN0ID
0x0E
TXRX
DTACK(s)
Bit2
Bit1
Bit0
RSTINT RSTERR WUPREQ STREQ(m)
LININT
SYNCH(s) PRTY(s)
ENHCHK
ERROR
WAKEUP
DONE
TOUT
CHK
BITERR
LINSIZE[3:0]
DIVLSB[7:0]
PRESCL[1:0]
LINMUL[4:0]
ID5
ID4
ID3
DIV9
ID2
ID1
ID0
*Note: These registers are used in both master and slave mode. The register bits marked with (m) are accessible only in
Master mode while the register bits marked with (s) are accessible only in slave mode. All other registers are
accessible in both modes.
Rev. 1.2
221
C8051F58x/F59x
LIN Register Definition 21.4. LIN0DTn: LIN0 Data Byte n
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
Name
DATAn[7:0]
Type
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
0
2
1
0
0
0
0
Indirect Address: LIN0DT1 = 0x00, LIN0DT2 = 0x01, LIN0DT3 = 0x02, LIN0DT4 = 0x03, LIN0DT5 = 0x04,
LIN0DT6 = 0x05, LIN0DT7 = 0x06, LIN0DT8 = 0x07
Bit
Name
Function
7:0
DATAn[7:0]
LIN Data Byte n.
Serial Data Byte that is received or transmitted across the LIN interface.
222
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
LIN Register Definition 21.5. LIN0CTRL: LIN0 Control Register
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Name
STOP
SLEEP
TXRX
DTACK
RSTINT
RSTERR
WUPREQ
STREQ
Type
W
R/W
R/W
R/W
W
W
R/W
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Indirect Address = 0x08
Bit
Name
7
STOP
Function
Stop Communication Processing Bit. (slave mode only)
This bit always reads as 0.
0: No effect.
1: Block the processing of LIN communications until the next SYNC BREAK signal.
6
SLEEP
Sleep Mode Bit. (slave mode only)
0: Wake the device after receiving a Wakeup interrupt.
1: Put the device into sleep mode after receiving a Sleep Mode frame or a bus idle
timeout.
5
TXRX
Transmit / Receive Selection Bit.
0: Current frame is a receive operation.
1: Current frame is a transmit operation.
4
DTACK
Data Acknowledge Bit. (slave mode only)
Set to 1 after handling a data request interrupt to acknowledge the transfer. The bit
will automatically be cleared to 0 by the LIN controller.
3
RSTINT
Reset Interrupt Bit.
This bit always reads as 0.
0: No effect.
1: Reset the LININT bit (LIN0ST.3).
2
RSTERR
Reset Error Bit.
This bit always reads as 0.
0: No effect.
1: Reset the error bits in LIN0ST and LIN0ERR.
1
WUPREQ
Wakeup Request Bit.
Set to 1 to terminate sleep mode by sending a wakeup signal. The bit will automatically be cleared to 0 by the LIN controller.
0
STREQ
Start Request Bit. (master mode only)
1: Start a LIN transmission. This should be set only after loading the identifier, data
length and data buffer if necessary.
The bit is reset to 0 upon transmission completion or error detection.
Rev. 1.2
223
C8051F58x/F59x
LIN Register Definition 21.6. LIN0ST: LIN0 Status Register
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Name
ACTIVE
IDLTOUT
ABORT
DTREQ
LININT
ERROR
WAKEUP
DONE
Type
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
Reset
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Indirect Address = 0x09
Bit
Name
7
ACTIVE
Function
LIN Active Indicator Bit.
0: No transmission activity detected on the LIN bus.
1: Transmission activity detected on the LIN bus.
6
IDLT
Bus Idle Timeout Bit. (slave mode only)
0: The bus has not been idle for four seconds.
1: No bus activity has been detected for four seconds, but the bus is not yet in Sleep
mode.
5
ABORT
Aborted Transmission Bit. (slave mode only)
0: The current transmission has not been interrupted or stopped. This bit is reset to 0
after receiving a SYNCH BREAK that does not interrupt a pending transmission.
1: New SYNCH BREAK detected before the end of the last transmission or the STOP
bit (LIN0CTRL.7) has been set.
4
DTREQ
Data Request Bit. (slave mode only)
0: Data identifier has not been received.
1: Data identifier has been received.
3
LININT
Interrupt Request Bit.
0: An interrupt is not pending. This bit is cleared by setting RSTINT (LIN0CTRL.3)
1: There is a pending LIN0 interrupt.
2
ERROR
Communication Error Bit.
0: No error has been detected. This bit is cleared by setting RSTERR (LIN0CTRL.2)
1: An error has been detected.
1
WAKEUP
Wakeup Bit.
0: A wakeup signal is not being transmitted and has not been received.
1: A wakeup signal is being transmitted or has been received
0
DONE
Transmission Complete Bit.
0: A transmission is not in progress or has not been started. This bit is cleared at the
start of a transmission.
1: The current transmission is complete.
224
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
LIN Register Definition 21.7. LIN0ERR: LIN0 Error Register
Bit
7
6
5
Name
4
3
2
1
0
SYNCH
PRTY
TOUT
CHK
BITERR
Type
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
Reset
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Indirect Address = 0x0A
Bit
Name
Function
7:5
Unused
Read = 000b; Write = Don’t Care
4
SYNCH
Synchronization Error Bit (slave mode only).
0: No error with the SYNCH FIELD has been detected.
1: Edges of the SYNCH FIELD are outside of the maximum tolerance.
3
PRTY
Parity Error Bit (slave mode only).
0: No parity error has been detected.
1: A parity error has been detected.
2
TOUT
Timeout Error Bit.
0: A timeout error has not been detected.
1: A timeout error has been detected. This error is detected whenever one of the following conditions is met:
• The master is expecting data from a slave and the slave does not respond.
• The slave is expecting data but no data is transmitted on the bus.
• A frame is not finished within the maximum frame length.
• The application does not set the DTACK bit (LIN0CTRL.4) or STOP bit
(LIN0CTRL.7) until the end of the reception of the first byte after the identifier.
1
CHK
Checksum Error Bit.
0: Checksum error has not been detected.
1: Checksum error has been detected.
0
BITERR
Bit Transmission Error Bit.
0: No error in transmission has been detected.
1: The bit value monitored during transmission is different than the bit value sent.
Rev. 1.2
225
C8051F58x/F59x
LIN Register Definition 21.8. LIN0SIZE: LIN0 Message Size Register
Bit
7
6
5
4
Name
ENHCHK
Type
R/W
R
R
R
Reset
0
0
0
0
ENHCHK
6:4
Unused
3:0
2
1
R/W
0
0
0
0
Function
Checksum Selection Bit.
0: Use the classic, specification 1.3 compliant checksum. Checksum covers the
data bytes.
1: Use the enhanced, specification 2.0 compliant checksum. Checksum covers data
bytes and protected identifier.
Read = 000b; Write = Don’t Care
LINSIZE[3:0] Data Field Size.
0000: 0 data bytes
0001: 1 data byte
0010: 2 data bytes
0011: 3 data bytes
0100: 4 data bytes
0101: 5 data bytes
0110: 6 data bytes
0111: 7 data bytes
1000: 8 data bytes
1001-1110: RESERVED
1111: Use the ID[1:0] bits (LIN0ID[5:4]) to determine the data length.
226
0
LINSIZE[3:0]
Indirect Address = 0x0B
Bit
Name
7
3
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
LIN Register Definition 21.9. LIN0DIV: LIN0 Divider Register
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
Name
DIVLSB[3:0]
Type
R/W
Reset
1
1
1
1
1
Indirect Address = 0x0C
Bit
Name
7:0
DIVLSB
2
1
0
1
1
1
Function
LIN Baud Rate Divider Least Significant Bits.
The 8 least significant bits for the baud rate divider. The 9th and most significant bit
is the DIV9 bit (LIN0MUL.0). The valid range for the divider is 200 to 511.
LIN Register Definition 21.10. LIN0MUL: LIN0 Multiplier Register
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Name
PRESCL[1:0]
LINMUL[4:0]
DIV9
Type
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset
1
1
1
1
Indirect Address = 0x0D
Bit
Name
1
1
1
1
Function
7:6
PRESCL[1:0] LIN Baud Rate Prescaler Bits.
These bits are the baud rate prescaler bits.
5:1
LINMUL[4:0] LIN Baud Rate Multiplier Bits.
These bits are the baud rate multiplier bits. These bits are not used in slave mode.
0
DIV9
LIN Baud Rate Divider Most Significant Bit.
The most significant bit of the baud rate divider. The 8 least significant bits are in
LIN0DIV. The valid range for the divider is 200 to 511.
Rev. 1.2
227
C8051F58x/F59x
LIN Register Definition 21.11. LIN0ID: LIN0 Identifier Register
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
1
0
0
0
0
ID[5:0]
Name
Type
R
R
Reset
0
0
R/W
0
0
Indirect Address = 0x0E
Bit
Name
7:6
5:0
2
Unused
ID[5:0]
0
Function
Read = 00b; Write = Don’t Care.
LIN Identifier Bits.
These bits form the data identifier.
If the LINSIZE bits (LIN0SIZE[3:0]) are 1111b, bits ID[5:4] are used to determine the
data size and are interpreted as follows:
00: 2 bytes
01: 2 bytes
10: 4 bytes
11: 8 bytes
228
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
22. Controller Area Network (CAN0)
Important Documentation Note: The Bosch CAN Controller is integrated in the C8051F580/2/4/6/8-F590
devices. This section of the data sheet gives a description of the CAN controller as an overview and offers
a description of how the Silicon Labs CIP-51 MCU interfaces with the on-chip Bosch CAN controller. In
order to use the CAN controller, refer to Bosch’s C_CAN User’s Manual as an accompanying manual to
the Silicon Labs’ data sheet.
The C8051F580/2/4/6/8-F590 devices feature a Control Area Network (CAN) controller that enables serial
communication using the CAN protocol. Silicon Labs CAN facilitates communication on a CAN network in
accordance with the Bosch specification 2.0A (basic CAN) and 2.0B (full CAN). The CAN controller consists of a CAN Core, Message RAM (separate from the CIP-51 RAM), a message handler state machine,
and control registers. Silicon Labs CAN is a protocol controller and does not provide physical layer drivers
(i.e., transceivers). Figure 22.1 shows an example typical configuration on a CAN bus.
Silicon Labs CAN operates at bit rates of up to 1 Mbit/second, though this can be limited by the physical
layer chosen to transmit data on the CAN bus. The CAN processor has 32 Message Objects that can be
configured to transmit or receive data. Incoming data, message objects and their identifier masks are
stored in the CAN message RAM. All protocol functions for transmission of data and acceptance filtering is
performed by the CAN controller and not by the CIP-51 MCU. In this way, minimal CPU bandwidth is
needed to use CAN communication. The CIP-51 configures the CAN controller, accesses received data,
and passes data for transmission via Special Function Registers (SFRs) in the CIP-51.
C8051F580-F590
CANTX
CANRX
CAN
Transceiver
Isolation/Buffer (Optional)
CAN Protocol Device
CAN Protocol Device
CAN
Transceiver
CAN
Transceiver
Isolation/Buffer (Optional)
Isolation/Buffer (Optional)
CAN_H
R
R
CAN_L
Figure 22.1. Typical CAN Bus Configuration
Rev. 1.2
229
C8051F58x/F59x
22.1. Bosch CAN Controller Operation
The CAN Controller featured in the C8051F580/2/4/6/8-F590 devices is a full implementation of Bosch’s
full CAN module and fully complies with CAN specification 2.0B. A block diagram of the CAN controller is
shown in Figure 22.2. The CAN Core provides shifting (CANTX and CANRX), serial/parallel conversion of
messages, and other protocol related tasks such as transmission of data and acceptance filtering. The
message RAM stores 32 message objects which can be received or transmitted on a CAN network. The
CAN registers and message handler provide an interface for data transfer and notification between the
CAN controller and the CIP-51.
The function and use of the CAN Controller is detailed in the Bosch CAN User’s Guide. The User’s Guide
should be used as a reference to configure and use the CAN controller. This data sheet describes how to
access the CAN controller.
All of the CAN controller registers are located on SFR Page 0x0C. Before accessing any of the CAN registers, the SFRPAGE register must be set to 0x0C.
The CAN Controller is typically initialized using the following steps:
1. Set the SFRPAGE register to the CAN registers page (page 0x0C).
2. Set the INIT and the CCE bits to 1 in CAN0CN. See the CAN User’s Guide for bit definitions.
3. Set timing parameters in the Bit Timing Register and the BRP Extension Register.
4. Initialize each message object or set its MsgVal bit to NOT VALID.
5. Reset the INIT bit to 0.
C8051F580-F590
CAN Controller
RX
8051 MCU Core
TX
CAN0CFG
Message
Handler
System Clock
CAN Core
Message
RAM
(32 Objects)
CAN Registers
mapped to
SFR space
Figure 22.2. CAN Controller Diagram
22.1.1. CAN Controller Timing
The CAN controller’s clock (fsys) is derived from the CIP-51 system clock (SYSCLK). The internal oscillator
is accurate to within 0.5% of 24 MHz across the entire temperature range and for VDD voltages greater
than or equal to the minimum output of the on-chip voltage regulator, so an external oscillator is not
required for CAN communication for most systems. Refer to Section “4.10.4 Oscillator Tolerance Range”
in the Bosch CAN User’s Guide for further information regarding this topic.
230
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
The CAN controller clock must be less than or equal to 25 MHz. If the CIP-51 system clock is above
25 MHz, the divider in the CAN0CFG register must be set to divide the CAN controller clock down to an
appropriate speed.
22.1.2. CAN Register Access
The CAN controller clock divider selected in the CAN0CFG SFR affects how the CAN registers can be
accessed. If the divider is set to 1, then a CAN SFR can immediately be read after it is written. If the divider
is set to a value other than 1, then a read of a CAN SFR that has just been written must be delayed by a
certain number of cycles. This delay can be performed using a NOP or some other instruction that does
not attempt to read the register. This access limitation applies to read and read-modify-write instructions
that occur immediately after a write. The full list of affected instructions is ANL, ORL, MOV, XCH, and XRL.
For example, with the CAN0CFG divider set to 1, the CAN0CN SFR can be accessed as follows:
MOV CAN0CN, #041
MOV R7, CAN0CN
; Enable access to Bit Timing Register
; Copy CAN0CN to R7
With the CAN0CFG divider set to /2, the same example code requires an additional NOP:
MOV CAN0CN, #041
NOP
MOV R7, CAN0CN
; Enable access to Bit Timing Register
; Wait for write to complete
; Copy CAN0CN to R7
The number of delay cycles required is dependent on the divider setting. With a divider of 2, the read must
wait for 1 system clock cycle. With a divider of 4, the read must wait 3 system clock cycles, and with the
divider set to 8, the read must wait 7 system clock cycles. The delay only needs to be applied when reading the same register that was written. The application can write and read other CAN SFRs without any
delay.
22.1.3. Example Timing Calculation for 1 Mbit/Sec Communication
This example shows how to configure the CAN controller timing parameters for a 1 Mbit/Sec bit rate. Table
18.1 shows timing-related system parameters needed for the calculation.
Table 22.1. Background System Information
Parameter
Value
Description
CIP-51 system clock (SYSCLK)
24 MHz
Internal Oscillator Max
CAN controller clock (fsys)
24 MHz
CAN0CFG divider set to 1
CAN clock period (tsys)
41.667 ns
Derived from 1/fsys
CAN time quantum (tq)
41.667 ns
Derived from tsys x BRP1,2
CAN bus length
Propogation delay time
10 m
3
400 ns
5 ns/m signal delay between CAN nodes
2 x (transceiver loop delay + bus line delay)
Notes:
1. The CAN time quantum is the smallest unit of time recognized by the CAN controller. Bit timing parameters
are specified in integer multiples of the time quantum.
2. The Baud Rate Prescaler (BRP) is defined as the value of the BRP Extension Register plus 1. The BRP
extension register has a reset value of 0x0000. The BRP has a reset value of 1.
3. Based on an ISO-11898 compliant transceiver. CAN does not specify a physical layer.
Each bit transmitted on a CAN network has 4 segments (Sync_Seg, Prop_Seg, Phase_Seg1, and
Phase_Seg2), as shown in Figure 18.3. The sum of these segments determines the CAN bit time (1/bit
rate). In this example, the desired bit rate is 1 Mbit/sec; therefore, the desired bit time is 1000 ns.
Rev. 1.2
231
C8051F58x/F59x
CAN Bit Time (4 to 25 tq)
Sync_Seg
Prop_Seg
1tq
1 to 8 tq
Phase_Seg1
Phase_Seg2
1 to 8 tq
1tq
1 to 8 tq
Sample Point
Figure 22.3. Four segments of a CAN Bit
The length of the 4 bit segments must be adjusted so that their sum is as close as possible to the desired
bit time. Since each segment must be an integer multiple of the time quantum (tq), the closest achievable
bit time is 24 tq (1000.008 ns), yielding a bit rate of 0.999992 Mbit/sec. The Sync_Seg is a constant 1 tq.
The Prop_Seg must be greater than or equal to the propagation delay of 400 ns and so the choice is 10 tq
(416.67 ns).
The remaining time quanta (13 tq) in the bit time are divided between Phase_Seg1 and Phase_Seg2 as
shown in. Based on this equation, Phase_Seg1 = 6 tq and Phase_Seg2 = 7 tq.
Phase_Seg1 + Phase_Seg2 = Bit_Time – (Synch_Seg + Prop_Seg)
1. If Phase_Seg1 + Phase_Seg2 is even, then Phase_Seg2 = Phase_Seg1. If the sum is odd, Phase_Seg2 =
Phase_Seg1 + 1.
2. Phase_Seg2 should be at least 2 tq.
Equation 22.1. Assigning the Phase Segments
The Synchronization Jump Width (SJW) timing parameter is defined by. It is used for determining the value
written to the Bit Timing Register and for determining the required oscillator tolerance. Since we are using
a quartz crystal as the system clock source, an oscillator tolerance calculation is not needed.
SJW = minimum (4, Phase_Seg1)
Equation 22.2. Synchronization Jump Width (SJW)
The value written to the Bit Timing Register can be calculated using Equation 18.3. The BRP Extension
register is left at its reset value of 0x0000.
BRPE = BRP – 1 = BRP Extension Register = 0x0000
SJWp = SJW – 1 = minimum (4, 6) – 1 = 3
TSEG1 = Prop_Seg + Phase_Seg1 - 1 = 10 + 6 – 1 = 15
TSEG2 = Phase_Seg2 – 1 = 6
Bit Timing Register = (TSEG2 x 0x1000) + (TSEG1 x 0x0100)
Bit Timing Register = (TSEG2 x 0x1000) + (TSEG1 x 0x0100) + (SJWp x 0x0040) + BRPE = 0x6FC0
Equation 22.3. Calculating the Bit Timing Register Value
232
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
22.2. CAN Registers
CAN registers are classified as follows:
1. CAN Controller Protocol Registers: CAN control, interrupt, error control, bus status, test modes.
2. Message Object Interface Registers: Used to configure 32 Message Objects, send and receive data
to and from Message Objects. The CIP-51 MCU accesses the CAN message RAM via the Message
Object Interface Registers. Upon writing a message object number to an IF1 or IF2 Command Request
Register, the contents of the associated Interface Registers (IF1 or IF2) will be transferred to or from the
message object in CAN RAM.
3. Message Handler Registers: These read only registers are used to provide information to the CIP-51
MCU about the message objects (MSGVLD flags, Transmission Request Pending, New Data Flags)
and Interrupts Pending (which Message Objects have caused an interrupt or status interrupt condition).
For the registers other than CAN0CFG, refer to the Bosch CAN User’s Guide for information on the function and use of the CAN Control Protocol Registers.
22.2.1. CAN Controller Protocol Registers
The CAN Control Protocol Registers are used to configure the CAN controller, process interrupts, monitor
bus status, and place the controller in test modes.
The registers are: CAN Control Register (CAN0CN), CAN Clock Configuration (CAN0CFG), CAN Status
Register (CAN0STA), CAN Test Register (CAN0TST), Error Counter Register, Bit Timing Register, and the
Baud Rate Prescaler (BRP) Extension Register.
22.2.2. Message Object Interface Registers
There are two sets of Message Object Interface Registers used to configure the 32 Message Objects that
transmit and receive data to and from the CAN bus. Message objects can be configured for transmit or
receive, and are assigned arbitration message identifiers for acceptance filtering by all CAN nodes.
Message Objects are stored in Message RAM, and are accessed and configured using the Message
Object Interface Registers.
22.2.3. Message Handler Registers
The Message Handler Registers are read only registers. The message handler registers provide interrupt,
error, transmit/receive requests, and new data information.
Rev. 1.2
233
C8051F58x/F59x
22.2.4. CAN Register Assignment
The standard Bosch CAN registers are mapped to SFR space as shown below and their full definitions are
available in the CAN User’s Guide. The name shown in the Name column matches what is provided in the
CAN User's Guide. One additional SFR which is not a standard Bosch CAN register, CAN0CFG, is provided to configure the CAN clock. All CAN registers are located on SFR Page 0x0C.
Table 22.2. Standard CAN Registers and Reset Values
CAN
Addr.
Name
SFR Name
(High)
SFR
Addr.
SFR Name
(Low)
SFR
Addr.
16-bit
SFR
Reset
Value
0x00
CAN Control Register
—
—
CAN0CN
0xC0
—
0x01
0x02
Status Register
—
—
CAN0STAT
0x94
—
0x00
CAN0ERRH
0x97
CAN0ERRL
0x96
CAN0ERR
0x0000
0x04
Error Counter
1
2
0x06
Bit Timing Register
CAN0BTH
0x9B
CAN0BTL
0x9A
CAN0BT
0x2301
0x08
Register1
CAN0IIDH
0x9D
CAN0IIDL
0x9C
CAN0IID
0x0000
0x0A Test Register
—
—
CAN0TST
0x9E
—
0x003,4
0x0C BRP Extension Register2
—
—
CAN0BRPE
0xA1
—
0x00
0xBF
CAN0IF1CRL
Interrupt
0x10
IF1 Command Request
CAN0IF1CRH
0x12
IF1 Command Mask
CAN0IF1CMH 0xC3 CAN0IF1CML 0xC2 CAN0IF1CM 0x0000
0x14
IF1 Mask 1
CAN0IF1M1H
0xC5
CAN0IF1M1L
0xC4
CAN0IF1M1 0xFFFF
0x16
IF1 Mask 2
CAN0IF1M2H
0xC7
CAN0IF1M2L
0xC6
CAN0IF1M2 0xFFFF
0x18
IF1 Arbitration 1
CAN0IF1A1H
0xCB
CAN0IF1A1L
0xCA
CAN0IF1A1
0x0000
0x1A IF1 Arbitration 2
CAN0IF1A2H
0xCD
CAN0IF1A2L
0xCC
CAN0IF1A2
0x0000
0x1C IF1 Message Control
CAN0IF1MCH 0xD3 CAN0IF1MCL 0xD2 CAN0IF1MC 0x0000
0x1E IF1 Data A 1
CAN0IF1DA1H 0xD5 CAN0IF1DA1L 0xD4 CAN0IF1DA1 0x0000
0x20
IF1 Data A 2
CAN0IF1DA2H 0xD7 CAN0IF1DA2L 0xD6 CAN0IF1DA2 0x0000
0x22
IF1 Data B 1
CAN0IF1DB1H 0xDB CAN0IF1DB1L 0xDA CAN0IF1DB1 0x0000
0x24
IF1 Data B 2
CAN0IF1DB2H 0xDD CAN0IF1DB2L 0xDC CAN0IF1DB2 0x0000
0x40
IF2 Command Request
CAN0IF2CRH
0x42
IF2 Command Mask
CAN0IF2CMH 0xE3
CAN0IF2CML
0xE2 CAN0IF2CM 0x0000
0x44
IF2 Mask 1
CAN0IF2M1H
0xEB
CAN0IF2M1L
0xEA
0x46
IF2 Mask 2
CAN0IF2M2H
0xED
CAN0IF2M2L
0xEC CAN0IF2M2 0xFFFF
0x48
IF2 Arbitration 1
CAN0IF2A1H
0xEF
CAN0IF2A1L
0xEE
CAN0IF2A1
0x0000
0x4A IF2 Arbitration 2
CAN0IF2A2H
0xF3
CAN0IF2A2L
0xF2
CAN0IF2A2
0x0000
0x4C IF2 Message Control
CAN0IF2MCH 0xCF CAN0IF2MCL 0xCE CAN0IF2MC 0x0000
0x4E IF2 Data A 1
CAN0IF2DA1H 0xF7 CAN0IF2DA1L 0xF6 CAN0IF2DA1 0x0000
0xDF
0xBE CAN0IF1CR 0x0001
CAN0IF2CRL 0xDE CAN0IF2CR 0x0001
CAN0IF2M1 0xFFFF
Notes:
1. Read-only register.
2. Write-enabled by CCE.
3. The reset value of CAN0TST could also be r0000000b, where r signifies the value of the CAN RX pin.
4. Write-enabled by Test.
234
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
Table 22.2. Standard CAN Registers and Reset Values (Continued)
CAN
Addr.
SFR Name
(High)
Name
SFR
Addr.
SFR Name
(Low)
SFR
Addr.
16-bit
SFR
Reset
Value
0x50
IF2 Data A 2
CAN0IF2DA2H 0xFB CAN0IF2DA2L 0xFA CAN0IF2DA2 0x0000
0x52
IF2 Data B 1
CAN0IF2DB1H 0xFD CAN0IF2DB1L 0xFC CAN0IF2DB1 0x0000
0x54
IF2 Data B 2
0x80
CAN0IF2DB2H 0xFF CAN0IF2DB2L 0xFE CAN0IF2DB2 0x0000
1
CAN0TR1H
0xA3
CAN0TR1L
0xA2
CAN0TR1
0x0000
1
CAN0TR2H
0xA5
CAN0TR2L
0xA4
CAN0TR2
0x0000
CAN0ND1H
0xAB
CAN0ND1L
0xAA
CAN0ND1
0x0000
CAN0ND2H
0xAD
CAN0ND2L
0xAC
CAN0ND2
0x0000
CAN0IP1H
0xAF
CAN0IP1L
0xAE
CAN0IP1
0x0000
Transmission Request 1
0x82
Transmission Request 2
0x90
11
0x92
New Data
New Data 2
1
1
0xA0 Interrupt Pending 1
0xA2 Interrupt Pending 2
1
CAN0IP2H
0xB3
CAN0IP2L
0xB2
CAN0IP2
0x0000
1
CAN0MV1H
0xBB
CAN0MV1L
0xBA
CAN0MV1
0x0000
1
CAN0MV2H
0xBD
CAN0MV2L
0xBC
CAN0MV2
0x0000
0xB0 Message Valid 1
0xB2 Message Valid 2
Notes:
1. Read-only register.
2. Write-enabled by CCE.
3. The reset value of CAN0TST could also be r0000000b, where r signifies the value of the CAN RX pin.
4. Write-enabled by Test.
Rev. 1.2
235
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 22.1. CAN0CFG: CAN Clock Configuration
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
Name
Unused
Unused
Unused
Unused
Unused
Unused
SYSDIV[1:0]
Type
R
R
R
R
R
R
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0x92; SFR Page = 0x0C
Bit
Name
7:2
1:0
Unused
1
0
0
0
Function
Read = 000000b; Write = Don’t Care.
SYSDIV[1:0] CAN System Clock Divider Bits.
The CAN controller clock is derived from the CIP-51 system clock. The CAN controller clock must be less than or equal to 25 MHz.
00: CAN controller clock = System Clock/1.
01: CAN controller clock = System Clock/2.
10: CAN controller clock = System Clock/4.
11: CAN controller clock = System Clock/8.
236
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C8051F58x/F59x
23. SMBus
The SMBus I/O interface is a two-wire, bi-directional serial bus. The SMBus is compliant with the System
Management Bus Specification, version 1.1, and compatible with the I2C serial bus. Reads and writes to
the interface by the system controller are byte oriented with the SMBus interface autonomously controlling
the serial transfer of the data. Data can be transferred at up to 1/20th of the system clock as a master or
slave (this can be faster than allowed by the SMBus specification, depending on the system clock used). A
method of extending the clock-low duration is available to accommodate devices with different speed
capabilities on the same bus.
The SMBus interface may operate as a master and/or slave, and may function on a bus with multiple masters. The SMBus provides control of SDA (serial data), SCL (serial clock) generation and synchronization,
arbitration logic, and START/STOP control and generation. A block diagram of the SMBus peripheral and
the associated SFRs is shown in Figure 23.1.
SMB0CN
M T S S A A A S
A X T T CR C I
SMAOK B K
T O
R L
E D
QO
R E
S
T
Interrupt
Request
SMB0CF
E I B E S S S S
N N U XMMMM
S H S T B B B B
M Y H T F CC
B
OO T S S
L E E 1 0
D
SMBUS CONTROL LOGIC
Arbitration
SCL Synchronization
SCL Generation (Master Mode)
SDA Control
IRQ Generation
00
T0 Overflow
01
T1 Overflow
10
TMR2H Overflow
11
TMR2L Overflow
SCL
FILTER
SCL
Control
Data Path
Control
C
R
O
S
S
B
A
R
N
SDA
Control
SMB0DAT
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
Port I/O
SDA
FILTER
N
Figure 23.1. SMBus Block Diagram
Rev. 1.2
237
C8051F58x/F59x
23.1. Supporting Documents
It is assumed the reader is familiar with or has access to the following supporting documents:
1. The I2C-Bus and How to Use It (including specifications), Philips Semiconductor.
2. The I2C-Bus Specification—Version 2.0, Philips Semiconductor.
3. System Management Bus Specification—Version 1.1, SBS Implementers Forum.
23.2. SMBus Configuration
Figure 23.2 shows a typical SMBus configuration. The SMBus specification allows any recessive voltage
between 3.0 V and 5.0 V; different devices on the bus may operate at different voltage levels. The bi-directional SCL (serial clock) and SDA (serial data) lines must be connected to a positive power supply voltage
through a pullup resistor or similar circuit. Every device connected to the bus must have an open-drain or
open-collector output for both the SCL and SDA lines, so that both are pulled high (recessive state) when
the bus is free. The maximum number of devices on the bus is limited only by the requirement that the rise
and fall times on the bus not exceed 300 ns and 1000 ns, respectively.
VIO = 5 V
VIO = 3 V
VIO = 5 V
VIO = 3 V
Master
Device
Slave
Device 1
Slave
Device 2
SDA
SCL
Figure 23.2. Typical SMBus Configuration
23.3. SMBus Operation
Two types of data transfers are possible: data transfers from a master transmitter to an addressed slave
receiver (WRITE), and data transfers from an addressed slave transmitter to a master receiver (READ).
The master device initiates both types of data transfers and provides the serial clock pulses on SCL. The
SMBus interface may operate as a master or a slave, and multiple master devices on the same bus are
supported. If two or more masters attempt to initiate a data transfer simultaneously, an arbitration scheme
is employed with a single master always winning the arbitration. It is not necessary to specify one device
as the Master in a system; any device who transmits a START and a slave address becomes the master
for the duration of that transfer.
A typical SMBus transaction consists of a START condition followed by an address byte (Bits7–1: 7-bit
slave address; Bit0: R/W direction bit), one or more bytes of data, and a STOP condition. Bytes that are
received (by a master or slave) are acknowledged (ACK) with a low SDA during a high SCL (see
Figure 23.3). If the receiving device does not ACK, the transmitting device will read a NACK (not acknowledge), which is a high SDA during a high SCL.
The direction bit (R/W) occupies the least-significant bit position of the address byte. The direction bit is set
to logic 1 to indicate a "READ" operation and cleared to logic 0 to indicate a "WRITE" operation.
238
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All transactions are initiated by a master, with one or more addressed slave devices as the target. The
master generates the START condition and then transmits the slave address and direction bit. If the transaction is a WRITE operation from the master to the slave, the master transmits the data a byte at a time
waiting for an ACK from the slave at the end of each byte. For READ operations, the slave transmits the
data waiting for an ACK from the master at the end of each byte. At the end of the data transfer, the master
generates a STOP condition to terminate the transaction and free the bus. Figure 23.3 illustrates a typical
SMBus transaction.
SCL
SDA
SLA6
START
SLA5-0
Slave Address + R/W
R/W
D7
ACK
D6-0
Data Byte
NACK
STOP
Figure 23.3. SMBus Transaction
23.3.1. Transmitter Vs. Receiver
On the SMBus communications interface, a device is the “transmitter” when it is sending an address or
data byte to another device on the bus. A device is a “receiver” when an address or data byte is being sent
to it from another device on the bus. The transmitter controls the SDA line during the address or data byte.
After each byte of address or data information is sent by the transmitter, the receiver sends an ACK or
NACK bit during the ACK phase of the transfer, during which time the receiver controls the SDA line.
23.3.2. Arbitration
A master may start a transfer only if the bus is free. The bus is free after a STOP condition or after the SCL
and SDA lines remain high for a specified time (see Section “23.3.5. SCL High (SMBus Free) Timeout” on
page 240). In the event that two or more devices attempt to begin a transfer at the same time, an arbitration scheme is employed to force one master to give up the bus. The master devices continue transmitting
until one attempts a HIGH while the other transmits a LOW. Since the bus is open-drain, the bus will be
pulled LOW. The master attempting the HIGH will detect a LOW SDA and lose the arbitration. The winning
master continues its transmission without interruption; the losing master becomes a slave and receives the
rest of the transfer if addressed. This arbitration scheme is non-destructive: one device always wins, and
no data is lost.
23.3.3. Clock Low Extension
SMBus provides a clock synchronization mechanism, similar to I2C, which allows devices with different
speed capabilities to coexist on the bus. A clock-low extension is used during a transfer in order to allow
slower slave devices to communicate with faster masters. The slave may temporarily hold the SCL line
LOW to extend the clock low period, effectively decreasing the serial clock frequency.
23.3.4. SCL Low Timeout
If the SCL line is held low by a slave device on the bus, no further communication is possible. Furthermore,
the master cannot force the SCL line high to correct the error condition. To solve this problem, the SMBus
protocol specifies that devices participating in a transfer must detect any clock cycle held low longer than
25 ms as a “timeout” condition. Devices that have detected the timeout condition must reset the communication no later than 10 ms after detecting the timeout condition.
When the SMBTOE bit in SMB0CF is set, Timer 3 is used to detect SCL low timeouts. Timer 3 is forced to
reload when SCL is high, and allowed to count when SCL is low. With Timer 3 enabled and configured to
Rev. 1.2
239
C8051F58x/F59x
overflow after 25 ms (and SMBTOE set), the Timer 3 interrupt service routine can be used to reset (disable
and re-enable) the SMBus in the event of an SCL low timeout.
23.3.5. SCL High (SMBus Free) Timeout
The SMBus specification stipulates that if the SCL and SDA lines remain high for more that 50 µs, the bus
is designated as free. When the SMBFTE bit in SMB0CF is set, the bus will be considered free if SCL and
SDA remain high for more than 10 SMBus clock source periods (as defined by the timer configured for the
SMBus clock source). If the SMBus is waiting to generate a Master START, the START will be generated
following this timeout. Note that a clock source is required for free timeout detection, even in a slave-only
implementation.
23.4. Using the SMBus
The SMBus can operate in both Master and Slave modes. The interface provides timing and shifting control for serial transfers; higher level protocol is determined by user software. The SMBus interface provides
the following application-independent features:







Byte-wise serial data transfers
Clock signal generation on SCL (Master Mode only) and SDA data synchronization
Timeout/bus error recognition, as defined by the SMB0CF configuration register
START/STOP timing, detection, and generation
Bus arbitration
Interrupt generation
Status information
SMBus interrupts are generated for each data byte or slave address that is transferred. The point at which
the interrupt is generated depends on whether the hardware is acting as a data transmitter or receiver.
When a transmitter (i.e. sending address/data, receiving an ACK), this interrupt is generated after the ACK
cycle so that software may read the received ACK value; when receiving data (i.e. receiving address/data,
sending an ACK), this interrupt is generated before the ACK cycle so that software may define the outgoing ACK value. See Section 23.5 for more details on transmission sequences.
Interrupts are also generated to indicate the beginning of a transfer when a master (START generated), or
the end of a transfer when a slave (STOP detected). Software should read the SMB0CN (SMBus Control
register) to find the cause of the SMBus interrupt. The SMB0CN register is described in Section 23.4.2;
Table 23.4 provides a quick SMB0CN decoding reference.
23.4.1. SMBus Configuration Register
The SMBus Configuration register (SMB0CF) is used to enable the SMBus Master and/or Slave modes,
select the SMBus clock source, and select the SMBus timing and timeout options. When the ENSMB bit is
set, the SMBus is enabled for all master and slave events. Slave events may be disabled by setting the
INH bit. With slave events inhibited, the SMBus interface will still monitor the SCL and SDA pins; however,
the interface will NACK all received addresses and will not generate any slave interrupts. When the INH bit
is set, all slave events will be inhibited following the next START (interrupts will continue for the duration of
the current transfer).
240
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
Table 23.1. SMBus Clock Source Selection
SMBCS1
SMBCS0
SMBus Clock Source
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
Timer 0 Overflow
Timer 1 Overflow
Timer 2 High Byte Overflow
Timer 2 Low Byte Overflow
The SMBCS1–0 bits select the SMBus clock source, which is used only when operating as a master or
when the Free Timeout detection is enabled. When operating as a master, overflows from the selected
source determine the absolute minimum SCL low and high times as defined in Equation 23.1. Note that the
selected clock source may be shared by other peripherals so long as the timer is left running at all times.
For example, Timer 1 overflows may generate the SMBus and UART baud rates simultaneously. Timer
configuration is covered in Section “27. Timers” on page 283.
1
T HighMin = T LowMin = ------------------------------------------------f ClockSourceOverflow
Equation 23.1. Minimum SCL High and Low Times
The selected clock source should be configured to establish the minimum SCL High and Low times as per
Equation 23.1. When the interface is operating as a master (and SCL is not driven or extended by any
other devices on the bus), the typical SMBus bit rate is approximated by Equation 23.2.
f ClockSourceOverflow
BitRate = ------------------------------------------------3
Equation 23.2. Typical SMBus Bit Rate
Figure 23.4 shows the typical SCL generation described by Equation 23.2. Notice that THIGH is typically
twice as large as TLOW. The actual SCL output may vary due to other devices on the bus (SCL may be
extended low by slower slave devices, or driven low by contending master devices). The bit rate when
operating as a master will never exceed the limits defined by equation Equation 23.1.
Timer Source
Overflows
SCL
TLow
SCL High Timeout
THigh
Figure 23.4. Typical SMBus SCL Generation
Rev. 1.2
241
C8051F58x/F59x
Setting the EXTHOLD bit extends the minimum setup and hold times for the SDA line. The minimum SDA
setup time defines the absolute minimum time that SDA is stable before SCL transitions from low-to-high.
The minimum SDA hold time defines the absolute minimum time that the current SDA value remains stable
after SCL transitions from high-to-low. EXTHOLD should be set so that the minimum setup and hold times
meet the SMBus Specification requirements of 250 ns and 300 ns, respectively. Table 23.2 shows the minimum setup and hold times for the two EXTHOLD settings. Setup and hold time extensions are typically
necessary when SYSCLK is above 10 MHz.
Table 23.2. Minimum SDA Setup and Hold Times
EXTHOLD
0
1
Minimum SDA Setup Time
Tlow – 4 system clocks
or
1 system clock + s/w delay*
11 system clocks
Minimum SDA Hold Time
3 system clocks
12 system clocks
*Note: Setup Time for ACK bit transmissions and the MSB of all data transfers. When using
software acknowledgement, the s/w delay occurs between the time SMB0DAT or
ACK is written and when SI is cleared. Note that if SI is cleared in the same write
that defines the outgoing ACK value, s/w delay is zero.
With the SMBTOE bit set, Timer 3 should be configured to overflow after 25 ms in order to detect SCL low
timeouts (see Section “23.3.4. SCL Low Timeout” on page 239). The SMBus interface will force Timer 3 to
reload while SCL is high, and allow Timer 3 to count when SCL is low. The Timer 3 interrupt service routine
should be used to reset SMBus communication by disabling and re-enabling the SMBus.
SMBus Free Timeout detection can be enabled by setting the SMBFTE bit. When this bit is set, the bus will
be considered free if SDA and SCL remain high for more than 10 SMBus clock source periods (see
Figure 23.4).
242
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 23.1. SMB0CF: SMBus Clock/Configuration
Bit
7
6
5
4
Name
ENSMB
INH
BUSY
Type
R/W
R/W
R
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
EXTHOLD SMBTOE
SFR Address = 0xC1; SFR Page = 0x00
Bit
Name
7
ENSMB
3
2
1
0
SMBFTE
SMBCS[1:0]
R/W
R/W
R/W
0
0
0
0
Function
SMBus Enable.
This bit enables the SMBus interface when set to 1. When enabled, the interface
constantly monitors the SDA and SCL pins.
6
INH
SMBus Slave Inhibit.
When this bit is set to logic 1, the SMBus does not generate an interrupt when slave
events occur. This effectively removes the SMBus slave from the bus. Master Mode
interrupts are not affected.
5
BUSY
SMBus Busy Indicator.
This bit is set to logic 1 by hardware when a transfer is in progress. It is cleared to
logic 0 when a STOP or free-timeout is sensed.
4
EXTHOLD
SMBus Setup and Hold Time Extension Enable.
This bit controls the SDA setup and hold times according to Table 23.2.
0: SDA Extended Setup and Hold Times disabled.
1: SDA Extended Setup and Hold Times enabled.
3
SMBTOE
SMBus SCL Timeout Detection Enable.
This bit enables SCL low timeout detection. If set to logic 1, the SMBus forces
Timer 3 to reload while SCL is high and allows Timer 3 to count when SCL goes low.
If Timer 3 is configured to Split Mode, only the High Byte of the timer is held in reload
while SCL is high. Timer 3 should be programmed to generate interrupts at 25 ms,
and the Timer 3 interrupt service routine should reset SMBus communication.
2
SMBFTE
SMBus Free Timeout Detection Enable.
When this bit is set to logic 1, the bus will be considered free if SCL and SDA remain
high for more than 10 SMBus clock source periods.
1:0 SMBCS[1:0] SMBus Clock Source Selection.
These two bits select the SMBus clock source, which is used to generate the SMBus
bit rate. The selected device should be configured according to Equation 23.1.
00: Timer 0 Overflow
01: Timer 1 Overflow
10:Timer 2 High Byte Overflow
11: Timer 2 Low Byte Overflow
Rev. 1.2
243
C8051F58x/F59x
23.4.2. SMB0CN Control Register
SMB0CN is used to control the interface and to provide status information (see SFR Definition 23.2). The
higher four bits of SMB0CN (MASTER, TXMODE, STA, and STO) form a status vector that can be used to
jump to service routines. MASTER indicates whether a device is the master or slave during the current
transfer. TXMODE indicates whether the device is transmitting or receiving data for the current byte.
STA and STO indicate that a START and/or STOP has been detected or generated since the last SMBus
interrupt. STA and STO are also used to generate START and STOP conditions when operating as a master. Writing a 1 to STA will cause the SMBus interface to enter Master Mode and generate a START when
the bus becomes free (STA is not cleared by hardware after the START is generated). Writing a 1 to STO
while in Master Mode will cause the interface to generate a STOP and end the current transfer after the
next ACK cycle. If STO and STA are both set (while in Master Mode), a STOP followed by a START will be
generated.
As a receiver, writing the ACK bit defines the outgoing ACK value; as a transmitter, reading the ACK bit
indicates the value received during the last ACK cycle. ACKRQ is set each time a byte is received, indicating that an outgoing ACK value is needed. When ACKRQ is set, software should write the desired outgoing
value to the ACK bit before clearing SI. A NACK will be generated if software does not write the ACK bit
before clearing SI. SDA will reflect the defined ACK value immediately following a write to the ACK bit;
however SCL will remain low until SI is cleared. If a received slave address is not acknowledged, further
slave events will be ignored until the next START is detected.
The ARBLOST bit indicates that the interface has lost an arbitration. This may occur anytime the interface
is transmitting (master or slave). A lost arbitration while operating as a slave indicates a bus error condition. ARBLOST is cleared by hardware each time SI is cleared.
The SI bit (SMBus Interrupt Flag) is set at the beginning and end of each transfer, after each byte frame, or
when an arbitration is lost; see Table 23.3 for more details.
Important Note About the SI Bit: The SMBus interface is stalled while SI is set; thus SCL is held low, and
the bus is stalled until software clears SI.
244
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 23.2. SMB0CN: SMBus Control
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Name
MASTER
TXMODE
STA
STO
ACKRQ
ARBLOST
ACK
SI
Type
R
R
R/W
R/W
R
R
R/W
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0xC0; Bit-Addressable; SFR Page =0x00
Bit
Name
Description
Read
Write
7
MASTER SMBus Master/Slave
Indicator. This read-only bit
indicates when the SMBus is
operating as a master.
0: SMBus operating in
slave mode.
1: SMBus operating in
master mode.
N/A
6
TXMODE SMBus Transmit Mode
Indicator. This read-only bit
indicates when the SMBus is
operating as a transmitter.
0: SMBus in Receiver
Mode.
1: SMBus in Transmitter
Mode.
N/A
5
STA
SMBus Start Flag.
0: No Start or repeated
Start detected.
1: Start or repeated Start
detected.
0: No Start generated.
1: When Configured as a
Master, initiates a START
or repeated START.
4
STO
SMBus Stop Flag.
0: No Stop condition
detected.
1: Stop condition detected
(if in Slave Mode) or pending (if in Master Mode).
0: No STOP condition is
transmitted.
1: When configured as a
Master, causes a STOP
condition to be transmitted after the next ACK
cycle.
Cleared by Hardware.
3
ACKRQ
SMBus Acknowledge
Request.
0: No Ack requested
1: ACK requested
N/A
0: No arbitration error.
1: Arbitration Lost
N/A
0: NACK received.
1: ACK received.
0: Send NACK
1: Send ACK
2
ARBLOST SMBus Arbitration Lost
Indicator.
1
ACK
0
SI
SMBus Acknowledge.
SMBus Interrupt Flag.
0: No interrupt pending
This bit is set by hardware
1: Interrupt Pending
under the conditions listed in
Table 15.3. SI must be cleared
by software. While SI is set,
SCL is held low and the
SMBus is stalled.
Rev. 1.2
0: Clear interrupt, and initiate next state machine
event.
1: Force interrupt.
245
C8051F58x/F59x
Table 23.3. Sources for Hardware Changes to SMB0CN
Bit
Set by Hardware When:
Cleared by Hardware When:
MASTER


A START is generated.

TXMODE


START is generated.
SMB0DAT is written before the start of an
SMBus frame.



A STOP is generated.
Arbitration is lost.
A START is detected.
Arbitration is lost.
SMB0DAT is not written before the
start of an SMBus frame.
STA

A START followed by an address byte is
received.

Must be cleared by software.
STO

A STOP is detected while addressed as a
slave.
Arbitration is lost due to a detected STOP.

A pending STOP is generated.

ACKRQ

A byte has been received and an ACK
response value is needed.

After each ACK cycle.
ARBLOST

A repeated START is detected as a
MASTER when STA is low (unwanted
repeated START).
SCL is sensed low while attempting to
generate a STOP or repeated START
condition.
SDA is sensed low while transmitting a 1
(excluding ACK bits).

Each time SI is cleared.


ACK

The incoming ACK value is low 
(ACKNOWLEDGE).

The incoming ACK value is high
(NOT ACKNOWLEDGE).
SI

A START has been generated.
Lost arbitration.
A byte has been transmitted and an
ACK/NACK received.
A byte has been received.
A START or repeated START followed by a
slave address + R/W has been received.
A STOP has been received.

Must be cleared by software.





246
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
23.4.3. Data Register
The SMBus Data register SMB0DAT holds a byte of serial data to be transmitted or one that has just been
received. Software may safely read or write to the data register when the SI flag is set. Software should not
attempt to access the SMB0DAT register when the SMBus is enabled and the SI flag is cleared to logic 0,
as the interface may be in the process of shifting a byte of data into or out of the register.
Data in SMB0DAT is always shifted out MSB first. After a byte has been received, the first bit of received
data is located at the MSB of SMB0DAT. While data is being shifted out, data on the bus is simultaneously
being shifted in. SMB0DAT always contains the last data byte present on the bus. In the event of lost arbitration, the transition from master transmitter to slave receiver is made with the correct data or address in
SMB0DAT.
SFR Definition 23.3. SMB0DAT: SMBus Data
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
Name
SMB0DAT[7:0]
Type
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0xC2; SMB0DAT = 0x00
Bit
Name
0
2
1
0
0
0
0
Function
7:0 SMB0DAT[7:0] SMBus Data.
The SMB0DAT register contains a byte of data to be transmitted on the SMBus
serial interface or a byte that has just been received on the SMBus serial interface.
The CPU can read from or write to this register whenever the SI serial interrupt flag
(SMB0CN.0) is set to logic 1. The serial data in the register remains stable as long
as the SI flag is set. When the SI flag is not set, the system may be in the process
of shifting data in/out and the CPU should not attempt to access this register.
23.5. SMBus Transfer Modes
The SMBus interface may be configured to operate as master and/or slave. At any particular time, it will be
operating in one of the following four modes: Master Transmitter, Master Receiver, Slave Transmitter, or
Slave Receiver. The SMBus interface enters Master Mode any time a START is generated, and remains in
Master Mode until it loses an arbitration or generates a STOP. An SMBus interrupt is generated at the end
of all SMBus byte frames. As a receiver, the interrupt for an ACK occurs before the ACK. As a transmitter,
interrupts occur after the ACK.
Rev. 1.2
247
C8051F58x/F59x
23.5.1. Write Sequence (Master)
During a write sequence, an SMBus master writes data to a slave device. The master in this transfer will be
a transmitter during the address byte, and a transmitter during all data bytes. The SMBus interface generates the START condition and transmits the first byte containing the address of the target slave and the
data direction bit. In this case the data direction bit (R/W) will be logic 0 (WRITE). The master then transmits one or more bytes of serial data. After each byte is transmitted, an acknowledge bit is generated by
the slave. The transfer is ended when the STO bit is set and a STOP is generated. Note that the interface
will switch to Master Receiver Mode if SMB0DAT is not written following a Master Transmitter interrupt.
Figure 23.5 shows a typical master write sequence. Two transmit data bytes are shown, though any number of bytes may be transmitted. Notice that all of the ‘data byte transferred’ interrupts occur after the ACK
cycle in this mode.
S
SLA
W
A
Data Byte
A
Data Byte
A
Interrupts
S = START
P = STOP
A = ACK
W = WRITE
SLA = Slave Address
Received by SMBus
Interface
Transmitted by
SMBus Interface
Figure 23.5. Typical Master Write Sequence
248
Rev. 1.2
P
C8051F58x/F59x
23.5.2. Read Sequence (Master)
During a read sequence, an SMBus master reads data from a slave device. The master in this transfer will
be a transmitter during the address byte, and a receiver during all data bytes. The SMBus interface generates the START condition and transmits the first byte containing the address of the target slave and the
data direction bit. In this case the data direction bit (R/W) will be logic 1 (READ). Serial data is then
received from the slave on SDA while the SMBus outputs the serial clock. The slave transmits one or more
bytes of serial data. An interrupt is generated after each received byte.
Software must write the ACK bit at that time to ACK or NACK the received byte. Writing a 1 to the ACK bit
generates an ACK; writing a 0 generates a NACK. Software should write a 0 to the ACK bit for the last data
transfer, to transmit a NACK. The interface exits Master Receiver Mode after the STO bit is set and a
STOP is generated. The interface will switch to Master Transmitter Mode if SMB0DAT is written while an
active Master Receiver. Figure 23.6 shows a typical master read sequence. Two received data bytes are
shown, though any number of bytes may be received. Notice that the ‘data byte transferred’ interrupts
occur before the ACK cycle in this mode.
S
SLA
R
A
Data Byte
A
Data Byte
N
P
Interrupts
S = START
P = STOP
A = ACK
N = NACK
R = READ
SLA = Slave Address
Received by SMBus
Interface
Transmitted by
SMBus Interface
Figure 23.6. Typical Master Read Sequence
Rev. 1.2
249
C8051F58x/F59x
23.5.3. Write Sequence (Slave)
During a write sequence, an SMBus master writes data to a slave device. The slave in this transfer will be
a receiver during the address byte, and a receiver during all data bytes. When slave events are enabled
(INH = 0), the interface enters Slave Receiver Mode when a START followed by a slave address and direction bit (WRITE in this case) is received. Upon entering Slave Receiver Mode, an interrupt is generated
and the ACKRQ bit is set. The software must respond to the received slave address with an ACK, or ignore
the received slave address with a NACK.
If the received slave address is ignored, slave interrupts will be inhibited until the next START is detected.
If the received slave address is acknowledged, zero or more data bytes are received. Software must write
the ACK bit at that time to ACK or NACK the received byte.
The interface exits Slave Receiver Mode after receiving a STOP. Note that the interface will switch to Slave
Transmitter Mode if SMB0DAT is written while an active Slave Receiver. Figure 23.7 shows a typical slave
write sequence. Two received data bytes are shown, though any number of bytes may be received. Notice
that the ‘data byte transferred’ interrupts occur before the ACK in this mode.
S
SLA
W A
Data Byte
A
Data Byte
A
Interrupts
S = START
P = STOP
A = ACK
W= WRITE
SLA = Slave Address
Received by SMBus
Interface
Transmitted by
SMBus Interface
Figure 23.7. Typical Slave Write Sequence
250
Rev. 1.2
P
C8051F58x/F59x
23.5.4. Read Sequence (Slave)
During a read sequence, an SMBus master reads data from a slave device. The slave in this transfer will
be a receiver during the address byte, and a transmitter during all data bytes. When slave events are
enabled (INH = 0), the interface enters Slave Receiver Mode (to receive the slave address) when a START
followed by a slave address and direction bit (READ in this case) is received. Upon entering Slave
Receiver Mode, an interrupt is generated and the ACKRQ bit is set. The software must respond to the
received slave address with an ACK, or ignore the received slave address with a NACK. The interrupt will
occur after the ACK cycle.
If the received slave address is ignored, slave interrupts will be inhibited until the next START is detected.
If the received slave address is acknowledged, zero or more data bytes are transmitted. If the received
slave address is acknowledged, data should be written to SMB0DAT to be transmitted. The interface
enters Slave Transmitter Mode, and transmits one or more bytes of data. After each byte is transmitted, the
master sends an acknowledge bit; if the acknowledge bit is an ACK, SMB0DAT should be written with the
next data byte. If the acknowledge bit is a NACK, SMB0DAT should not be written to before SI is cleared
(Note: an error condition may be generated if SMB0DAT is written following a received NACK while in
Slave Transmitter Mode). The interface exits Slave Transmitter Mode after receiving a STOP. Note that the
interface will switch to Slave Receiver Mode if SMB0DAT is not written following a Slave Transmitter interrupt. Figure 23.8 shows a typical slave read sequence. Two transmitted data bytes are shown, though any
number of bytes may be transmitted. Notice that all of the ‘data byte transferred’ interrupts occur after the
ACK cycle in this mode.
S
SLA
R
A
Data Byte
A
Data Byte
N
P
Interrupts
S = START
P = STOP
N = NACK
R = READ
SLA = Slave Address
Received by SMBus
Interface
Transmitted by
SMBus Interface
Figure 23.8. Typical Slave Read Sequence
23.6. SMBus Status Decoding
The current SMBus status can be easily decoded using the SMB0CN register. In the tables, STATUS 
VECTOR refers to the four upper bits of SMB0CN: MASTER, TXMODE, STA, and STO. The shown
response options are only the typical responses; application-specific procedures are allowed as long as
they conform to the SMBus specification. Highlighted responses are allowed by hardware but do not conform to the SMBus specification.
Rev. 1.2
251
C8051F58x/F59x
Table 23.4. SMBus Status Decoding
STO
ACK
Next Status
Vector Expected
A master data or address byte Set STA to restart transfer.
was transmitted; NACK
Abort transfer.
received.
1
0 X
1110
0
1 X
—
A master data or address byte Load next data byte into
was transmitted; ACK
SMB0DAT.
received.
End transfer with STOP.
0
0 X
1100
0
1 X
—
End transfer with STOP and start 1
another transfer.
1 X
—
Send repeated START.
1
0 X
1110
Switch to Master Receiver Mode 0
(clear SI without writing new data
to SMB0DAT).
0 X
1000
Acknowledge received byte;
Read SMB0DAT.
0
0
1
1000
Send NACK to indicate last byte, 0
and send STOP.
1
0
—
Send NACK to indicate last byte, 1
and send STOP followed by
START.
1
0
1110
Send ACK followed by repeated
START.
1
0
1
1110
Send NACK to indicate last byte, 1
and send repeated START.
0
0
1110
Send ACK and switch to Master
Transmitter Mode (write to
SMB0DAT before clearing SI).
0
0
1
1100
Send NACK and switch to Master Transmitter Mode (write to
SMB0DAT before clearing SI).
0
0
0
1100
0
X A master START was generated.
1100
0
0
0
ACK
ARBLOST
1100
ACKRQ
0 X
0
1
Master Transmitter
0
Master Receiver
1000 1
0
Values to
Write
0
1110
0
252
Typical Response Options
STA
Current SMbus State
Status
Vector
Mode
Values Read
X A master data byte was
received; ACK requested.
Load slave address + R/W into
SMB0DAT.
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
Table 23.4. SMBus Status Decoding
STO
ACK
Next Status
Vector Expected
0
A slave byte was transmitted; No action required (expecting
NACK received.
STOP condition).
0
0 X
0001
0
0
1
A slave byte was transmitted; Load SMB0DAT with next data
ACK received.
byte to transmit.
0
0 X
0100
0
1
X A Slave byte was transmitted; No action required (expecting
error detected.
Master to end transfer).
0
0 X
0001
—
ACKRQ
0
Status
Vector
STA
Values to
Write
ACK
Typical Response Options
0100 0
0101 0
X X An illegal STOP or bus error Clear STO.
was detected while a Slave
Transmission was in progress.
0
0 X
0010 1
0
0
0
1
0000
If Read, Load SMB0DAT with
0
data byte; ACK received address
0
1
0100
NACK received address.
0
0
0
—
X Lost arbitration as master;
If Write, Acknowledge received
0
slave address + R/W received; address
ACK requested.
If Read, Load SMB0DAT with
0
data byte; ACK received address
0
1
0000
0
1
0100
1
Bus Error Condition Slave Receiver
Current SMbus State
ARBLOST
Slave Transmitter
Mode
Values Read
1
X A slave address + R/W was
received; ACK requested.
If Write, Acknowledge received
address
NACK received address.
0
0
0
—
Reschedule failed transfer;
NACK received address.
1
0
0
1110
Clear STO.
0
0 X
—
0001 0
0
X A STOP was detected while
addressed as a Slave Transmitter or Slave Receiver.
1
1
X Lost arbitration while attempt- No action required (transfer
complete/aborted).
ing a STOP.
0
0
0
—
0000 1
0
X A slave byte was received;
ACK requested.
Acknowledge received byte;
Read SMB0DAT.
0
0
1
0000
NACK received byte.
0
0
0
—
X Lost arbitration while attempt- Abort failed transfer.
ing a repeated START.
Reschedule failed transfer.
0
0 X
—
1
0 X
1110
X Lost arbitration due to a
detected STOP.
Abort failed transfer.
0
0 X
—
Reschedule failed transfer.
1
0 X
1110
X Lost arbitration while transmit- Abort failed transfer.
ting a data byte as master.
Reschedule failed transfer.
0
0
0
—
1
0
0
1110
0010 0
0001 0
0000 1
1
1
1
Rev. 1.2
253
C8051F58x/F59x
24. UART0
UART0 is an asynchronous, full duplex serial port offering a variety of data formatting options. A dedicated
baud rate generator with a 16-bit timer and selectable prescaler is included, which can generate a wide
range of baud rates (details in Section “24.1. Baud Rate Generator” on page 254). A received data FIFO
allows UART0 to receive up to three data bytes before data is lost and an overflow occurs.
UART0 has six associated SFRs. Three are used for the Baud Rate Generator (SBCON0, SBRLH0, and
SBRLL0), two are used for data formatting, control, and status functions (SCON0, SMOD0), and one is
used to send and receive data (SBUF0). The single SBUF0 location provides access to both transmit and
receive registers. Writes to SBUF0 always access the Transmit register. Reads of SBUF0 always
access the buffered Receive register; it is not possible to read data from the Transmit register.
With UART0 interrupts enabled, an interrupt is generated each time a transmit is completed (TI0 is set in
SCON0), or a data byte has been received (RI0 is set in SCON0). The UART0 interrupt flags are not
cleared by hardware when the CPU vectors to the interrupt service routine. They must be cleared manually
by software, allowing software to determine the cause of the UART0 interrupt (transmit complete or receive
complete). If additional bytes are available in the Receive FIFO, the RI0 bit cannot be cleared by software.
SBRLH0
SYSCLK
SBRLL0
Overflow
Pre-Scaler
(1, 4, 12, 48)
Timer (16-bit)
EN
Data Formatting
SMOD0
MCE0
S0PT1
S0PT0
PE0
S0DL1
S0DL0
XBE0
SBL0
Baud Rate Generator
TX
Logic
TX0
TX Holding
Register
Write to SBUF0
SBCON0
Control / Status
SCON0
OVR0
PERR0
THRE0
REN0
TBX0
RBX0
TI0
RI0
SB0PS1
SB0PS0
SB0RUN
SBUF0
Read of SBUF0
RX FIFO
(3 Deep)
RX
Logic
RX0
UART0
Interrupt
Figure 24.1. UART0 Block Diagram
24.1. Baud Rate Generator
The UART0 baud rate is generated by a dedicated 16-bit timer which runs from the controller’s core clock
(SYSCLK) and has prescaler options of 1, 4, 12, or 48. The timer and prescaler options combined allow for
a wide selection of baud rates over many clock frequencies.
The baud rate generator is configured using three registers: SBCON0, SBRLH0, and SBRLL0. The
UART0 Baud Rate Generator Control Register (SBCON0, SFR Definition 24.4) enables or disables the
baud rate generator, selects the clock source for the baud rate generator, and selects the prescaler value
for the timer. The baud rate generator must be enabled for UART0 to function. Registers SBRLH0 and
SBRLL0 contain a 16-bit reload value for the dedicated 16-bit timer. The internal timer counts up from the
reload value on every clock tick. On timer overflows (0xFFFF to 0x0000), the timer is reloaded. The baud
rate for UART0 is defined in Equation 24.1, where “BRG Clock” is the baud rate generator’s selected clock
source. For reliable UART operation, it is recommended that the UART baud rate is not configured for
baud rates faster than SYSCLK/16.
254
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
SYSCLK
Baud Rate = ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 65536 – (SBRLH0:SBRLL0) 
1
x 1--- x -----------------------2
Prescaler
Equation 24.1. UART0 Baud Rate
A quick reference for typical baud rates and clock frequencies is given in Table 24.1.
SYSCLK = 12
SYSCLK = 24
SYSCLK = 48
Table 24.1. Baud Rate Generator Settings for Standard Baud Rates
Target Baud
Rate (bps)
Actual Baud
Rate (bps)
Baud Rate
Error
Oscillator
Divide
Factor
SB0PS[1:0]
(Prescaler Bits)
Reload Value in
SBRLH0:SBRLL0
230400
230769
0.16%
208
11
0xFF98
115200
115385
0.16%
416
11
0xFF30
57600
57554
0.08%
834
11
0xFE5F
28800
28812
0.04%
1666
11
0xFCBF
14400
14397
0.02%
3334
11
0xF97D
9600
9600
0.00%
5000
11
0xF63C
2400
2400
0.00%
20000
11
0xD8F0
1200
1200
0.00%
40000
11
0xB1E0
230400
230769
0.16%
104
11
0xFFCC
115200
115385
0.16%
208
11
0xFF98
57600
57692
0.16%
416
11
0xFF30
28800
28777
0.08%
834
11
0xFE5F
14400
14406
0.04%
1666
11
0xFCBF
9600
9600
0.00%
2500
11
0xFB1E
2400
2400
0.00%
10000
11
0xEC78
1200
1200
0.00%
20000
11
0xD8F0
230400
230769
0.16%
52
11
0xFFE6
115200
115385
0.16%
104
11
0xFFCC
57600
57692
0.16%
208
11
0xFF98
28800
28846
0.16%
416
11
0xFF30
14400
14388
0.08%
834
11
0xFE5F
9600
9600
0.00%
1250
11
0xFD8F
2400
2400
0.00%
5000
11
0xF63C
1200
1200
0.00%
10000
11
0xEC78
Rev. 1.2
255
C8051F58x/F59x
24.2. Data Format
UART0 has a number of available options for data formatting. Data transfers begin with a start bit (logic
low), followed by the data bits (sent LSB-first), a parity or extra bit (if selected), and end with one or two
stop bits (logic high). The data length is variable between 5 and 8 bits. A parity bit can be appended to the
data, and automatically generated and detected by hardware for even, odd, mark, or space parity. The stop
bit length is selectable between 1 and 2 bit times, and a multi-processor communication mode is available
for implementing networked UART buses. All of the data formatting options can be configured using the
SMOD0 register, shown in SFR Definition 24.2. Figure 24.2 shows the timing for a UART0 transaction
without parity or an extra bit enabled. Figure 24.3 shows the timing for a UART0 transaction with parity
enabled (PE0 = 1). Figure 24.4 is an example of a UART0 transaction when the extra bit is enabled
(XBE0 = 1). Note that the extra bit feature is not available when parity is enabled, and the second stop bit
is only an option for data lengths of 6, 7, or 8 bits.
MARK
START
BIT
SPACE
D0
D1
DN-2
STOP
BIT 1
DN-1
STOP
BIT 2
BIT TIMES
Optional
N bits; N = 5, 6, 7, or 8
(6,7,8 bit
Data)
Figure 24.2. UART0 Timing Without Parity or Extra Bit
MARK
SPACE
START
BIT
D0
D1
DN-2
DN-1
PARITY
STOP
BIT 1
STOP
BIT 2
BIT TIMES
Optional
N bits; N = 5, 6, 7, or 8
(6,7,8 bit
Data)
Figure 24.3. UART0 Timing With Parity
MARK
SPACE
START
BIT
D0
D1
DN-2
DN-1
EXTRA
STOP
BIT 1
STOP
BIT 2
BIT TIMES
Optional
N bits; N = 5, 6, 7, or 8
Figure 24.4. UART0 Timing With Extra Bit
256
Rev. 1.2
(6,7,8 bit
Data)
C8051F58x/F59x
24.3. Configuration and Operation
UART0 provides standard asynchronous, full duplex communication. It can operate in a point-to-point
serial communications application, or as a node on a multi-processor serial interface. To operate in a pointto-point application, where there are only two devices on the serial bus, the MCE0 bit in SMOD0 should be
cleared to 0. For operation as part of a multi-processor communications bus, the MCE0 and XBE0 bits
should both be set to 1. In both types of applications, data is transmitted from the microcontroller on the
TX0 pin, and received on the RX0 pin. The TX0 and RX0 pins are configured using the crossbar and the
Port I/O registers, as detailed in Section “20. Port Input/Output” on page 186.
In typical UART communications, The transmit (TX) output of one device is connected to the receive (RX)
input of the other device, either directly or through a bus transceiver, as shown in Figure 24.5.
PC
USB Port
CP2102
USB-to-UART
Bridge
USB
TX
RX
C8051Fxxx
OR
TX
TX
RX
RX
MCU
C8051Fxxx
Figure 24.5. Typical UART Interconnect Diagram
24.3.1. Data Transmission
Data transmission begins when software writes a data byte to the SBUF0 register. The TI0 Transmit Interrupt Flag (SCON0.1) will be set at the end of any transmission (the beginning of the stop-bit time). If
enabled, an interrupt will occur when TI0 is set.
If the extra bit function is enabled (XBE0 = 1) and the parity function is disabled (PE0 = 0), the value of the
TBX0 (SCON0.3) bit will be sent in the extra bit position. When the parity function is enabled (PE0 = 1),
hardware will generate the parity bit according to the selected parity type (selected with S0PT[1:0]), and
append it to the data field. Note: when parity is enabled, the extra bit function is not available.
24.3.2. Data Reception
Data reception can begin any time after the REN0 Receive Enable bit (SCON0.4) is set to logic 1. After the
stop bit is received, the data byte will be stored in the receive FIFO if the following conditions are met: the
receive FIFO (3 bytes deep) must not be full, and the stop bit(s) must be logic 1. In the event that the
receive FIFO is full, the incoming byte will be lost, and a Receive FIFO Overrun Error will be generated
(OVR0 in register SCON0 will be set to logic 1). If the stop bit(s) were logic 0, the incoming data will not be
stored in the receive FIFO. If the reception conditions are met, the data is stored in the receive FIFO, and
the RI0 flag will be set. Note: when MCE0 = 1, RI0 will only be set if the extra bit was equal to 1. Data can
be read from the receive FIFO by reading the SBUF0 register. The SBUF0 register represents the oldest
byte in the FIFO. After SBUF0 is read, the next byte in the FIFO is immediately loaded into SBUF0, and
space is made available in the FIFO for another incoming byte. If enabled, an interrupt will occur when RI0
is set.RI0 can only be cleared to ‘0’ by software when there is no more information in the FIFO. The recommended procedure to empty the FIFO contents is as follows:
1. Clear RI0 to 0.
2. Read SBUF0.
3. Check RI0, and repeat starting at step 1 if RI0 is set to 1.
Rev. 1.2
257
C8051F58x/F59x
If the extra bit function is enabled (XBE0 = 1) and the parity function is disabled (PE0 = 0), the extra bit for
the oldest byte in the FIFO can be read from the RBX0 bit (SCON0.2). If the extra bit function is not
enabled, the value of the stop bit for the oldest FIFO byte will be presented in RBX0. When the parity function is enabled (PE0 = 1), hardware will check the received parity bit against the selected parity type
(selected with S0PT[1:0]) when receiving data. If a byte with parity error is received, the PERR0 flag will be
set to 1. This flag must be cleared by software. Note: when parity is enabled, the extra bit function is not
available.
24.3.3. Multiprocessor Communications
UART0 supports multiprocessor communication between a master processor and one or more slave processors by special use of the extra data bit. When a master processor wants to transmit to one or more
slaves, it first sends an address byte to select the target(s). An address byte differs from a data byte in that
its extra bit is logic 1; in a data byte, the extra bit is always set to logic 0.
Setting the MCE0 bit (SMOD0.7) of a slave processor configures its UART such that when a stop bit is
received, the UART will generate an interrupt only if the extra bit is logic 1 (RBX0 = 1) signifying an
address byte has been received. In the UART interrupt handler, software will compare the received
address with the slave's own assigned address. If the addresses match, the slave will clear its MCE0 bit to
enable interrupts on the reception of the following data byte(s). Slaves that weren't addressed leave their
MCE0 bits set and do not generate interrupts on the reception of the following data bytes, thereby ignoring
the data. Once the entire message is received, the addressed slave resets its MCE0 bit to ignore all transmissions until it receives the next address byte.
Multiple addresses can be assigned to a single slave and/or a single address can be assigned to multiple
slaves, thereby enabling "broadcast" transmissions to more than one slave simultaneously. The master
processor can be configured to receive all transmissions or a protocol can be implemented such that the
master/slave role is temporarily reversed to enable half-duplex transmission between the original master
and slave(s).
Master
Device
Slave
Device
Slave
Device
Slave
Device
V+
RX
TX
RX
TX
RX
TX
RX
TX
Figure 24.6. UART Multi-Processor Mode Interconnect Diagram
258
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 24.1. SCON0: Serial Port 0 Control
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Name
OVR0
PERR0
THRE0
REN0
TBX0
RBX0
TI0
RI0
Type
R/W
R/W
R
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0x98; Bit-Addressable; SFR Page = 0x00
Bit
Name
Function
7
OVR0
Receive FIFO Overrun Flag.
0: Receive FIFO Overrun has not occurred
1: Receive FIFO Overrun has occurred; A received character has been discarded due
to a full FIFO.
6
PERR0 Parity Error Flag.
5
4
3
2
1
0
THRE0
When parity is enabled, this bit indicates that a parity error has occurred. It is set to 1
when the parity of the oldest byte in the FIFO does not match the selected Parity Type.
0: Parity error has not occurred
1: Parity error has occurred.
This bit must be cleared by software.
Transmit Holding Register Empty Flag.
REN0
0: Transmit Holding Register not Empty—do not write to SBUF0.
1: Transmit Holding Register Empty—it is safe to write to SBUF0.
Receive Enable.
TBX0
This bit enables/disables the UART receiver. When disabled, bytes can still be read
from the receive FIFO.
0: UART1 reception disabled.
1: UART1 reception enabled.
Extra Transmission Bit.
RBX0
The logic level of this bit will be assigned to the extra transmission bit when XBE0 is set
to 1. This bit is not used when Parity is enabled.
Extra Receive Bit.
TI0
RBX0 is assigned the value of the extra bit when XBE1 is set to 1. If XBE1 is cleared to
0, RBX1 will be assigned the logic level of the first stop bit. This bit is not valid when
Parity is enabled.
Transmit Interrupt Flag.
RI0
Set to a 1 by hardware after data has been transmitted, at the beginning of the STOP
bit. When the UART0 interrupt is enabled, setting this bit causes the CPU to vector to
the UART0 interrupt service routine. This bit must be cleared manually by software.
Receive Interrupt Flag.
Set to 1 by hardware when a byte of data has been received by UART0 (set at the
STOP bit sampling time). When the UART0 interrupt is enabled, setting this bit to 1
causes the CPU to vector to the UART0 interrupt service routine. This bit must be
cleared manually by software. Note that RI0 will remain set to ‘1’ as long as there is
data still in the UART FIFO. After the last byte has been shifted from the FIFO to
SBUF0, RI0 can be cleared.
Rev. 1.2
259
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 24.2. SMOD0: Serial Port 0 Control
Bit
7
6
5
Name
MCE0
Type
R/W
R/W
R
R/W
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
1
S0PT[1:0]
4
PE0
SFR Address = 0xA9; SFR Page = 0x00
Bit
Name
7
6:5
MCE0
3
2
1
0
XBE0
SBL0
R/W
R/W
R/W
1
0
0
S0DL[1:0]
Function
Multiprocessor Communication Enable.
0: RI0 will be activated if stop bit(s) are 1.
1: RI0 will be activated if stop bit(s) and extra bit are 1. Extra bit must be enabled using
XBE0.
S0PT[1:0] Parity Type Select Bits.
00: Odd Parity
01: Even Parity
10: Mark Parity
11: Space Parity.
4
PE0
Parity Enable.
This bit enables hardware parity generation and checking. The parity type is selected
by bits S0PT[1:0] when parity is enabled.
0: Hardware parity is disabled.
1: Hardware parity is enabled.
3:2
S0DL[1:0] Data Length.
00: 5-bit data
01: 6-bit data
10: 7-bit data
11: 8-bit data
1
XBE0
Extra Bit Enable.
When enabled, the value of TBX0 will be appended to the data field
0: Extra Bit is disabled.
1: Extra Bit is enabled.
0
SBL0
Stop Bit Length.
0: Short—stop bit is active for one bit time
1: Long—stop bit is active for two bit times (data length = 6, 7, or 8 bits), or 1.5 bit times
(data length = 5 bits).
260
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 24.3. SBUF0: Serial (UART0) Port Data Buffer
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
Name
SBUF0[7:0]
Type
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0x99; SFR Page = 0x00
Bit
Name
7:0
0
2
1
0
0
0
0
Function
SBUF0[7:0] Serial Data Buffer Bits 7–0 (MSB–LSB).
This SFR accesses two registers; a transmit shift register and a receive latch register.
When data is written to SBUF0, it goes to the transmit shift register and is held for
serial transmission. Writing a byte to SBUF0 initiates the transmission. A read of
SBUF0 returns the contents of the receive latch.
SFR Definition 24.4. SBCON0: UART0 Baud Rate Generator Control
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
Name
Reserved
SB0RUN
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
SB0PS[1:0]
Type
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0xAB; SFR Page = 0x0F
Bit
Name
1
0
0
0
Function
7
Reserved
Read = 0b; Must Write 0b;
6
SB0RUN
Baud Rate Generator Enable.
0: Baud Rate Generator disabled. UART0 will not function.
1: Baud Rate Generator enabled.
5:2
1:0
Reserved
Read = 0000b; Must Write = 0000b;
SB0PS[1:0] Baud Rate Prescaler Select.
00: Prescaler = 12.
01: Prescaler = 4.
10: Prescaler = 48.
11: Prescaler = 1.
Rev. 1.2
261
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 24.5. SBRLH0: UART0 Baud Rate Generator Reload High Byte
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
Name
SBRLH0[7:0]
Type
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0xAD; SFR Page = 0x0F
Bit
Name
2
1
0
0
0
0
Function
7:0 SBRLH0[7:0] High Byte of Reload Value for UART0 Baud Rate Generator.
This value is loaded into the high byte of the UART0 baud rate generator when the
counter overflows from 0xFFFF to 0x0000.
SFR Definition 24.6. SBRLL0: UART0 Baud Rate Generator Reload Low Byte
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
Name
SBRLL0[7:0]
Type
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0xAC; SFR Page = 0x0F
Bit
Name
0
2
1
0
0
0
0
Function
7:0 SBRLL0[7:0] Low Byte of Reload Value for UART0 Baud Rate Generator.
This value is loaded into the low byte of the UART0 baud rate generator when the
counter overflows from 0xFFFF to 0x0000.
262
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
25. UART1
UART1 is an asynchronous, full duplex serial port offering modes 1 and 3 of the standard 8051 UART.
Enhanced baud rate support allows a wide range of clock sources to generate standard baud rates (details
in Section “25.1. Enhanced Baud Rate Generation” on page 264). Received data buffering allows UART1
to start reception of a second incoming data byte before software has finished reading the previous data
byte.
UART1 has two associated SFRs: Serial Control Register 1 (SCON1) and Serial Data Buffer 1 (SBUF1).
The single SBUF1 location provides access to both transmit and receive registers. Writes to SBUF1
always access the Transmit register. Reads of SBUF1 always access the buffered Receive register;
it is not possible to read data from the Transmit register.
With UART1 interrupts enabled, an interrupt is generated each time a transmit is completed (TI1 is set in
SCON1), or a data byte has been received (RI1 is set in SCON1). The UART1 interrupt flags are not
cleared by hardware when the CPU vectors to the interrupt service routine. They must be cleared manually
by software, allowing software to determine the cause of the UART1 interrupt (transmit complete or receive
complete).
SFR Bus
Write to
SBUF
TB8
SBUF
(TX Shift)
SET
D
Q
TX
CLR
Crossbar
Zero Detector
Stop Bit
Shift
Start
Data
Tx Control
Tx Clock
Send
Tx IRQ
SCON
TI
Serial
Port
Interrupt
MCE
REN
TB8
RB8
TI
RI
SMODE
UART Baud
Rate Generator
Port I/O
RI
Rx IRQ
Rx Clock
Rx Control
Start
Shift
0x1FF
RB8
Load
SBUF
Input Shift Register
(9 bits)
Load SBUF
SBUF
(RX Latch)
Read
SBUF
SFR Bus
RX
Crossbar
Figure 25.1. UART1 Block Diagram
Rev. 1.2
263
C8051F58x/F59x
25.1. Enhanced Baud Rate Generation
The UART1 baud rate is generated by Timer 1 in 8-bit auto-reload mode. The TX clock is generated by
TL1; the RX clock is generated by a copy of TL1 (shown as RX Timer in Figure 25.2), which is not useraccessible. Both TX and RX Timer overflows are divided by two to generate the TX and RX baud rates.
The RX Timer runs when Timer 1 is enabled, and uses the same reload value (TH1). However, an
RX Timer reload is forced when a START condition is detected on the RX pin. This allows a receive to
begin any time a START is detected, independent of the TX Timer state.
Timer 1
TL1
UART
Overflow
2
TX Clock
Overflow
2
RX Clock
TH1
Start
Detected
RX Timer
Figure 25.2. UART1 Baud Rate Logic
Timer 1 should be configured for Mode 2, 8-bit auto-reload (see Section “27.1.3. Mode 2: 8-bit Counter/Timer with Auto-Reload” on page 286). The Timer 1 reload value should be set so that overflows will
occur at two times the desired UART baud rate frequency. Note that Timer 1 may be clocked by one of six
sources: SYSCLK, SYSCLK / 4, SYSCLK / 12, SYSCLK / 48, the external oscillator clock / 8, or an external input T1. For any given Timer 1 clock source, the UART1 baud rate is determined by Equation 25.1-A
and Equation 25.1-B.
A)
1
UartBaudRate = ---  T1_Overflow_Rate
2
B)
T1 CLK
T1_Overflow_Rate = -------------------------256 – TH1
Equation 25.1. UART1 Baud Rate
Where T1CLK is the frequency of the clock supplied to Timer 1, and T1H is the high byte of Timer 1 (reload
value). Timer 1 clock frequency is selected as described in Section “27. Timers” on page 283. A quick reference for typical baud rates and system clock frequencies is given in Table 25.1. Note that the internal
oscillator may still generate the system clock when the external oscillator is driving Timer 1.
264
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
25.2. Operational Modes
UART1 provides standard asynchronous, full duplex communication. The UART mode (8-bit or 9-bit) is
selected by the S1MODE bit (SCON1.7). Typical UART connection options are shown in Figure 25.3.
TX
RS-232
LEVEL
XLTR
RS-232
RX
C8051Fxxx
OR
TX
TX
RX
RX
MCU
C8051Fxxx
Figure 25.3. UART Interconnect Diagram
25.2.1. 8-Bit UART
8-Bit UART mode uses a total of 10 bits per data byte: one start bit, eight data bits (LSB first), and one stop
bit. Data are transmitted LSB first from the TX1 pin and received at the RX1 pin. On receive, the eight data
bits are stored in SBUF1 and the stop bit goes into RB81 (SCON1.2).
Data transmission begins when software writes a data byte to the SBUF1 register. The TI1 Transmit Interrupt Flag (SCON1.1) is set at the end of the transmission (the beginning of the stop-bit time). Data reception can begin any time after the REN1 Receive Enable bit (SCON1.4) is set to logic 1. After the stop bit is
received, the data byte will be loaded into the SBUF1 receive register if the following conditions are met:
RI0 must be logic 0, and if MCE0 is logic 1, the stop bit must be logic 1. In the event of a receive data overrun, the first received 8 bits are latched into the SBUF1 receive register and the following overrun data bits
are lost.
If these conditions are met, the eight bits of data is stored in SBUF1, the stop bit is stored in RB81 and the
RI1 flag is set. If these conditions are not met, SBUF1 and RB81 will not be loaded and the RI1 flag will not
be set. An interrupt will occur if enabled when either TI1 or RI1 is set.
MARK
SPACE
START
BIT
D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
STOP
BIT
BIT TIMES
BIT SAMPLING
Figure 25.4. 8-Bit UART Timing Diagram
25.2.2. 9-Bit UART
9-bit UART mode uses a total of eleven bits per data byte: a start bit, 8 data bits (LSB first), a programmable ninth data bit, and a stop bit. The state of the ninth transmit data bit is determined by the value in TB81
(SCON1.3), which is assigned by user software. It can be assigned the value of the parity flag (bit P in register PSW) for error detection, or used in multiprocessor communications. On receive, the ninth data bit
goes into RB81 (SCON1.2) and the stop bit is ignored.
Rev. 1.2
265
C8051F58x/F59x
Data transmission begins when an instruction writes a data byte to the SBUF1 register. The TI1 Transmit
Interrupt Flag (SCON1.1) is set at the end of the transmission (the beginning of the stop-bit time). Data
reception can begin any time after the REN1 Receive Enable bit (SCON1.4) is set to 1. After the stop bit is
received, the data byte will be loaded into the SBUF1 receive register if the following conditions are met:
(1) RI1 must be logic 0, and (2) if MCE1 is logic 1, the 9th bit must be logic 1 (when MCE1 is logic 0, the
state of the ninth data bit is unimportant). If these conditions are met, the eight bits of data are stored in
SBUF1, the ninth bit is stored in RB81, and the RI1 flag is set to 1. If the above conditions are not met,
SBUF1 and RB81 will not be loaded and the RI1 flag will not be set to 1. A UART1 interrupt will occur if
enabled when either TI1 or RI1 is set to ‘1’.
MARK
SPACE
START
BIT
D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
D8
STOP
BIT
BIT TIMES
BIT SAMPLING
Figure 25.5. 9-Bit UART Timing Diagram
25.3. Multiprocessor Communications
9-Bit UART mode supports multiprocessor communication between a master processor and one or more
slave processors by special use of the ninth data bit. When a master processor wants to transmit to one or
more slaves, it first sends an address byte to select the target(s). An address byte differs from a data byte
in that its ninth bit is logic 1; in a data byte, the ninth bit is always set to logic 0.
Setting the MCE1 bit (SCON1.5) of a slave processor configures its UART such that when a stop bit is
received, the UART will generate an interrupt only if the ninth bit is logic 1 (RB81 = 1) signifying an address
byte has been received. In the UART interrupt handler, software will compare the received address with
the slave's own assigned 8-bit address. If the addresses match, the slave will clear its MCE1 bit to enable
interrupts on the reception of the following data byte(s). Slaves that weren't addressed leave their MCE1
bits set and do not generate interrupts on the reception of the following data bytes, thereby ignoring the
data. Once the entire message is received, the addressed slave resets its MCE1 bit to ignore all transmissions until it receives the next address byte.
Multiple addresses can be assigned to a single slave and/or a single address can be assigned to multiple
slaves, thereby enabling "broadcast" transmissions to more than one slave simultaneously. The master
processor can be configured to receive all transmissions or a protocol can be implemented such that the
master/slave role is temporarily reversed to enable half-duplex transmission between the original master
and slave(s).
Master
Device
Slave
Device
Slave
Device
Slave
Device
V+
RX
TX
RX
TX
RX
TX
RX
TX
Figure 25.6. UART Multi-Processor Mode Interconnect Diagram
266
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 25.1. SCON1: Serial Port 1 Control
Bit
7
6
Name
S1MODE
Type
R/W
Reset
0
5
4
3
2
1
0
MCE1
REN1
TB81
RB81
TI1
RI1
R
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0x98; SFR Page = 0x10; Bit-Addressable
Bit
Name
Function
7
S1MODE Serial Port 1 Operation Mode.
Selects the UART1 Operation Mode.
0: 8-bit UART with Variable Baud Rate.
1: 9-bit UART with Variable Baud Rate.
6
Unused
5
MCE1
Read = 1b, Write = Don’t Care.
Multiprocessor Communication Enable.
The function of this bit is dependent on the Serial Port 1 Operation Mode:
Mode 0: Checks for valid stop bit.
0: Logic level of stop bit is ignored.
1: RI1 will only be activated if stop bit is logic level 1.
Mode 1: Multiprocessor Communications Enable.
0: Logic level of ninth bit is ignored.
1: RI1 is set and an interrupt is generated only when the ninth bit is logic 1.
4
REN1
Receive Enable.
0: UART1 reception disabled.
1: UART1 reception enabled.
3
TB81
Ninth Transmission Bit.
The logic level of this bit will be sent as the ninth transmission bit in 9-bit UART Mode
(Mode 1). Unused in 8-bit mode (Mode 0).
2
RB81
Ninth Receive Bit.
RB81 is assigned the value of the STOP bit in Mode 0; it is assigned the value of the
9th data bit in Mode 1.
1
TI1
Transmit Interrupt Flag.
Set by hardware when a byte of data has been transmitted by UART1 (after the 8th bit
in 8-bit UART Mode, or at the beginning of the STOP bit in 9-bit UART Mode). When
the UART1 interrupt is enabled, setting this bit causes the CPU to vector to the UART1
interrupt service routine. This bit must be cleared manually by software.
0
RI1
Receive Interrupt Flag.
Set to ‘1’ by hardware when a byte of data has been received by UART1 (set at the
STOP bit sampling time). When the UART1 interrupt is enabled, setting this bit to ‘1’
causes the CPU to vector to the UART1 interrupt service routine. This bit must be
cleared manually by software.
Rev. 1.2
267
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 25.2. SBUF1: Serial (UART1) Port Data Buffer
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
Name
SBUF1[7:0]
Type
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0x99; SFR Page = 0x10
Bit
Name
7:0
0
2
1
0
0
0
0
Function
SBUF1[7:0] Serial Data Buffer Bits 7–0 (MSB–LSB)
This SFR accesses two registers; a transmit shift register and a receive latch register.
When data is written to SBUF1, it goes to the transmit shift register and is held for
serial transmission. Writing a byte to SBUF1 initiates the transmission. A read of
SBUF1 returns the contents of the receive latch.
268
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
SYSCLK from
Internal Osc.
Table 25.1. Timer Settings for Standard Baud Rates
Using The Internal 24 MHz Oscillator
Target
Baud Rate
(bps)
Baud Rate
% Error
230400
115200
57600
28800
14400
9600
2400
1200
0.16%
0.16%
–0.08%
0.04%
–0.02%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
Frequency: 24 MHz
Oscilla- Timer Clock
SCA1–SCA0
tor Divide
Source
(pre-scale
Factor
select)1
104
SYSCLK
XX2
208
SYSCLK
XX
417
SYSCLK
XX
833
SYSCLK/4
01
1667
SYSCLK/12
00
2500
SYSCLK/12
00
10000
SYSCLK/48
10
20000
SYSCLK/48
10
T1M1
Timer 1
Reload
Value (hex)
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0xCC
0x98
0x30
0x98
0x30
0x98
0x98
0x30
Notes:
1. SCA1–SCA0 and T1M bit definitions can be found in Section 27.1.
2. X = Don’t care.
Rev. 1.2
269
C8051F58x/F59x
26. Enhanced Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI0)
The Enhanced Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI0) provides access to a flexible, full-duplex synchronous
serial bus. SPI0 can operate as a master or slave device in both 3-wire or 4-wire modes, and supports multiple masters and slaves on a single SPI bus. The slave-select (NSS) signal can be configured as an input
to select SPI0 in slave mode, or to disable Master Mode operation in a multi-master environment, avoiding
contention on the SPI bus when more than one master attempts simultaneous data transfers. NSS can
also be configured as a chip-select output in master mode, or disabled for 3-wire operation. Additional general purpose port I/O pins can be used to select multiple slave devices in master mode.
SFR Bus
SYSCLK
SPI0CN
SPIBSY
MSTEN
CKPHA
CKPOL
SLVSEL
NSSIN
SRMT
RXBMT
SPIF
WCOL
MODF
RXOVRN
NSSMD1
NSSMD0
TXBMT
SPIEN
SPI0CFG
SCR7
SCR6
SCR5
SCR4
SCR3
SCR2
SCR1
SCR0
SPI0CKR
Clock Divide
Logic
SPI CONTROL LOGIC
Data Path
Control
SPI IRQ
Pin Interface
Control
MOSI
Tx Data
SPI0DAT
SCK
Transmit Data Buffer
Shift Register
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
Rx Data
Receive Data Buffer
Pin
Control
Logic
MISO
NSS
Read
SPI0DAT
Write
SPI0DAT
SFR Bus
Figure 26.1. SPI Block Diagram
270
Rev. 1.2
C
R
O
S
S
B
A
R
Port I/O
C8051F58x/F59x
26.1. Signal Descriptions
The four signals used by SPI0 (MOSI, MISO, SCK, NSS) are described below.
26.1.1. Master Out, Slave In (MOSI)
The master-out, slave-in (MOSI) signal is an output from a master device and an input to slave devices. It
is used to serially transfer data from the master to the slave. This signal is an output when SPI0 is operating as a master and an input when SPI0 is operating as a slave. Data is transferred most-significant bit
first. When configured as a master, MOSI is driven by the MSB of the shift register in both 3- and 4-wire
mode.
26.1.2. Master In, Slave Out (MISO)
The master-in, slave-out (MISO) signal is an output from a slave device and an input to the master device.
It is used to serially transfer data from the slave to the master. This signal is an input when SPI0 is operating as a master and an output when SPI0 is operating as a slave. Data is transferred most-significant bit
first. The MISO pin is placed in a high-impedance state when the SPI module is disabled and when the SPI
operates in 4-wire mode as a slave that is not selected. When acting as a slave in 3-wire mode, MISO is
always driven by the MSB of the shift register.
26.1.3. Serial Clock (SCK)
The serial clock (SCK) signal is an output from the master device and an input to slave devices. It is used
to synchronize the transfer of data between the master and slave on the MOSI and MISO lines. SPI0 generates this signal when operating as a master. The SCK signal is ignored by a SPI slave when the slave is
not selected (NSS = 1) in 4-wire slave mode.
26.1.4. Slave Select (NSS)
The function of the slave-select (NSS) signal is dependent on the setting of the NSSMD1 and NSSMD0
bits in the SPI0CN register. There are three possible modes that can be selected with these bits:
1. NSSMD[1:0] = 00: 3-Wire Master or 3-Wire Slave Mode: SPI0 operates in 3-wire mode, and NSS is
disabled. When operating as a slave device, SPI0 is always selected in 3-wire mode. Since no select
signal is present, SPI0 must be the only slave on the bus in 3-wire mode. This is intended for point-topoint communication between a master and one slave.
2. NSSMD[1:0] = 01: 4-Wire Slave or Multi-Master Mode: SPI0 operates in 4-wire mode, and NSS is
enabled as an input. When operating as a slave, NSS selects the SPI0 device. When operating as a
master, a 1-to-0 transition of the NSS signal disables the master function of SPI0 so that multiple
master devices can be used on the same SPI bus.
3. NSSMD[1:0] = 1x: 4-Wire Master Mode: SPI0 operates in 4-wire mode, and NSS is enabled as an
output. The setting of NSSMD0 determines what logic level the NSS pin will output. This configuration
should only be used when operating SPI0 as a master device.
See Figure 26.2, Figure 26.3, and Figure 26.4 for typical connection diagrams of the various operational
modes. Note that the setting of NSSMD bits affects the pinout of the device. When in 3-wire master or
3-wire slave mode, the NSS pin will not be mapped by the crossbar. In all other modes, the NSS signal will
be mapped to a pin on the device. See Section “20. Port Input/Output” on page 186 for general purpose
port I/O and crossbar information.
Rev. 1.2
271
C8051F58x/F59x
26.2. SPI0 Master Mode Operation
A SPI master device initiates all data transfers on a SPI bus. SPI0 is placed in master mode by setting the
Master Enable flag (MSTEN, SPI0CN.6). Writing a byte of data to the SPI0 data register (SPI0DAT) when
in master mode writes to the transmit buffer. If the SPI shift register is empty, the byte in the transmit buffer
is moved to the shift register, and a data transfer begins. The SPI0 master immediately shifts out the data
serially on the MOSI line while providing the serial clock on SCK. The SPIF (SPI0CN.7) flag is set to logic
1 at the end of the transfer. If interrupts are enabled, an interrupt request is generated when the SPIF flag
is set. While the SPI0 master transfers data to a slave on the MOSI line, the addressed SPI slave device
simultaneously transfers the contents of its shift register to the SPI master on the MISO line in a full-duplex
operation. Therefore, the SPIF flag serves as both a transmit-complete and receive-data-ready flag. The
data byte received from the slave is transferred MSB-first into the master's shift register. When a byte is
fully shifted into the register, it is moved to the receive buffer where it can be read by the processor by
reading SPI0DAT.
When configured as a master, SPI0 can operate in one of three different modes: multi-master mode, 3-wire
single-master mode, and 4-wire single-master mode. The default, multi-master mode is active when
NSSMD1 (SPI0CN.3) = 0 and NSSMD0 (SPI0CN.2) = 1. In this mode, NSS is an input to the device, and
is used to disable the master SPI0 when another master is accessing the bus. When NSS is pulled low in
this mode, MSTEN (SPI0CN.6) and SPIEN (SPI0CN.0) are set to 0 to disable the SPI master device, and
a Mode Fault is generated (MODF, SPI0CN.5 = 1). Mode Fault will generate an interrupt if enabled. SPI0
must be manually re-enabled in software under these circumstances. In multi-master systems, devices will
typically default to being slave devices while they are not acting as the system master device. In multi-master mode, slave devices can be addressed individually (if needed) using general-purpose I/O pins.
Figure 26.2 shows a connection diagram between two master devices in multiple-master mode.
3-wire single-master mode is active when NSSMD1 (SPI0CN.3) = 0 and NSSMD0 (SPI0CN.2) = 0. In this
mode, NSS is not used, and is not mapped to an external port pin through the crossbar. Any slave devices
that must be addressed in this mode should be selected using general-purpose I/O pins. Figure 26.3
shows a connection diagram between a master device in 3-wire master mode and a slave device.
4-wire single-master mode is active when NSSMD1 (SPI0CN.3) = 1. In this mode, NSS is configured as an
output pin, and can be used as a slave-select signal for a single SPI device. In this mode, the output value
of NSS is controlled (in software) with the bit NSSMD0 (SPI0CN.2). Additional slave devices can be
addressed using general-purpose I/O pins. Figure 26.4 shows a connection diagram for a master device in
4-wire master mode and two slave devices.
272
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
Master
Device 1
NSS
GPIO
MISO
MISO
MOSI
MOSI
SCK
SCK
GPIO
NSS
Master
Device 2
Figure 26.2. Multiple-Master Mode Connection Diagram
Master
Device
MISO
MISO
MOSI
MOSI
SCK
SCK
Slave
Device
Figure 26.3. 3-Wire Single Master and 3-Wire Single Slave Mode Connection Diagram
Master
Device
GPIO
MISO
MISO
MOSI
MOSI
SCK
SCK
NSS
NSS
MISO
MOSI
Slave
Device
Slave
Device
SCK
NSS
Figure 26.4. 4-Wire Single Master Mode and 4-Wire Slave Mode Connection Diagram
Rev. 1.2
273
C8051F58x/F59x
26.3. SPI0 Slave Mode Operation
When SPI0 is enabled and not configured as a master, it will operate as a SPI slave. As a slave, bytes are
shifted in through the MOSI pin and out through the MISO pin by a master device controlling the SCK signal. A bit counter in the SPI0 logic counts SCK edges. When 8 bits have been shifted through the shift register, the SPIF flag is set to logic 1, and the byte is copied into the receive buffer. Data is read from the
receive buffer by reading SPI0DAT. A slave device cannot initiate transfers. Data to be transferred to the
master device is pre-loaded into the shift register by writing to SPI0DAT. Writes to SPI0DAT are doublebuffered, and are placed in the transmit buffer first. If the shift register is empty, the contents of the transmit
buffer will immediately be transferred into the shift register. When the shift register already contains data,
the SPI will load the shift register with the transmit buffer’s contents after the last SCK edge of the next (or
current) SPI transfer.
When configured as a slave, SPI0 can be configured for 4-wire or 3-wire operation. The default, 4-wire
slave mode, is active when NSSMD1 (SPI0CN.3) = 0 and NSSMD0 (SPI0CN.2) = 1. In 4-wire mode, the
NSS signal is routed to a port pin and configured as a digital input. SPI0 is enabled when NSS is logic 0,
and disabled when NSS is logic 1. The bit counter is reset on a falling edge of NSS. Note that the NSS signal must be driven low at least 2 system clocks before the first active edge of SCK for each byte transfer.
Figure 26.4 shows a connection diagram between two slave devices in 4-wire slave mode and a master
device.
3-wire slave mode is active when NSSMD1 (SPI0CN.3) = 0 and NSSMD0 (SPI0CN.2) = 0. NSS is not
used in this mode, and is not mapped to an external port pin through the crossbar. Since there is no way of
uniquely addressing the device in 3-wire slave mode, SPI0 must be the only slave device present on the
bus. It is important to note that in 3-wire slave mode there is no external means of resetting the bit counter
that determines when a full byte has been received. The bit counter can only be reset by disabling and reenabling SPI0 with the SPIEN bit. Figure 26.3 shows a connection diagram between a slave device in 3wire slave mode and a master device.
26.4. SPI0 Interrupt Sources
When SPI0 interrupts are enabled, the following four flags will generate an interrupt when they are set to
logic 1:
All of the following bits must be cleared by software.
1. The SPI Interrupt Flag, SPIF (SPI0CN.7) is set to logic 1 at the end of each byte transfer. This flag can
occur in all SPI0 modes.
2. The Write Collision Flag, WCOL (SPI0CN.6) is set to logic 1 if a write to SPI0DAT is attempted when
the transmit buffer has not been emptied to the SPI shift register. When this occurs, the write to
SPI0DAT will be ignored, and the transmit buffer will not be written.This flag can occur in all SPI0
modes.
3. The Mode Fault Flag MODF (SPI0CN.5) is set to logic 1 when SPI0 is configured as a master, and for
multi-master mode and the NSS pin is pulled low. When a Mode Fault occurs, the MSTEN and SPIEN
bits in SPI0CN are set to logic 0 to disable SPI0 and allow another master device to access the bus.
4. The Receive Overrun Flag RXOVRN (SPI0CN.4) is set to logic 1 when configured as a slave, and a
transfer is completed and the receive buffer still holds an unread byte from a previous transfer. The new
byte is not transferred to the receive buffer, allowing the previously received data byte to be read. The
data byte which caused the overrun is lost.
274
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C8051F58x/F59x
26.5. Serial Clock Phase and Polarity
Four combinations of serial clock phase and polarity can be selected using the clock control bits in the
SPI0 Configuration Register (SPI0CFG). The CKPHA bit (SPI0CFG.5) selects one of two clock phases
(edge used to latch the data). The CKPOL bit (SPI0CFG.4) selects between an active-high or active-low
clock. Both master and slave devices must be configured to use the same clock phase and polarity. SPI0
should be disabled (by clearing the SPIEN bit, SPI0CN.0) when changing the clock phase or polarity. The
clock and data line relationships for master mode are shown in Figure 26.5. For slave mode, the clock and
data relationships are shown in Figure 26.6 and Figure 26.7. CKPHA must be set to 0 on both the master
and slave SPI when communicating between two of the following devices: C8051F04x, C8051F06x,
C8051F12x, C8051F31x, C8051F32x, and C8051F33x.
The SPI0 Clock Rate Register (SPI0CKR) as shown in SFR Definition 26.3 controls the master mode
serial clock frequency. This register is ignored when operating in slave mode. When the SPI is configured
as a master, the maximum data transfer rate (bits/sec) is one-half the system clock frequency or 12.5 MHz,
whichever is slower. When the SPI is configured as a slave, the maximum data transfer rate (bits/sec) for
full-duplex operation is 1/10 the system clock frequency, provided that the master issues SCK, NSS (in 4wire slave mode), and the serial input data synchronously with the slave’s system clock. If the master
issues SCK, NSS, and the serial input data asynchronously, the maximum data transfer rate (bits/sec)
must be less than 1/10 the system clock frequency. In the special case where the master only wants to
transmit data to the slave and does not need to receive data from the slave (i.e. half-duplex operation), the
SPI slave can receive data at a maximum data transfer rate (bits/sec) of 1/4 the system clock frequency.
This is provided that the master issues SCK, NSS, and the serial input data synchronously with the slave’s
system clock.
SCK
(CKPOL=0, CKPHA=0)
SCK
(CKPOL=0, CKPHA=1)
SCK
(CKPOL=1, CKPHA=0)
SCK
(CKPOL=1, CKPHA=1)
MISO/MOSI
MSB
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
NSS (Must Remain High
in Multi-Master Mode)
Figure 26.5. Master Mode Data/Clock Timing
Rev. 1.2
275
C8051F58x/F59x
SCK
(CKPOL=0, CKPHA=0)
SCK
(CKPOL=1, CKPHA=0)
MOSI
MSB
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
MISO
MSB
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
NSS (4-Wire Mode)
Figure 26.6. Slave Mode Data/Clock Timing (CKPHA = 0)
SCK
(CKPOL=0, CKPHA=1)
SCK
(CKPOL=1, CKPHA=1)
MOSI
MSB
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
MISO
MSB
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
Bit 0
NSS (4-Wire Mode)
Figure 26.7. Slave Mode Data/Clock Timing (CKPHA = 1)
26.6. SPI Special Function Registers
SPI0 is accessed and controlled through four special function registers in the system controller: SPI0CN
Control Register, SPI0DAT Data Register, SPI0CFG Configuration Register, and SPI0CKR Clock Rate
Register. The four special function registers related to the operation of the SPI0 Bus are described in the
following figures.
276
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 26.1. SPI0CFG: SPI0 Configuration
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Name
SPIBSY
MSTEN
CKPHA
CKPOL
SLVSEL
NSSIN
SRMT
RXBMT
Type
R
R/W
R/W
R/W
R
R
R
R
Reset
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
SFR Address = 0xA1; SFR Page = 0x00
Bit
Name
7
SPIBSY
Function
SPI Busy.
This bit is set to logic 1 when a SPI transfer is in progress (master or slave mode).
6
MSTEN
Master Mode Enable.
0: Disable master mode. Operate in slave mode.
1: Enable master mode. Operate as a master.
5
CKPHA
SPI0 Clock Phase.
0: Data centered on first edge of SCK period.*
1: Data centered on second edge of SCK period.*
4
CKPOL
SPI0 Clock Polarity.
0: SCK line low in idle state.
1: SCK line high in idle state.
3
SLVSEL
Slave Selected Flag.
This bit is set to logic 1 whenever the NSS pin is low indicating SPI0 is the selected
slave. It is cleared to logic 0 when NSS is high (slave not selected). This bit does
not indicate the instantaneous value at the NSS pin, but rather a de-glitched version of the pin input.
2
NSSIN
NSS Instantaneous Pin Input.
This bit mimics the instantaneous value that is present on the NSS port pin at the
time that the register is read. This input is not de-glitched.
1
SRMT
Shift Register Empty (valid in slave mode only).
This bit will be set to logic 1 when all data has been transferred in/out of the shift
register, and there is no new information available to read from the transmit buffer
or write to the receive buffer. It returns to logic 0 when a data byte is transferred to
the shift register from the transmit buffer or by a transition on SCK. SRMT = 1 when
in Master Mode.
0
RXBMT
Receive Buffer Empty (valid in slave mode only).
This bit will be set to logic 1 when the receive buffer has been read and contains no
new information. If there is new information available in the receive buffer that has
not been read, this bit will return to logic 0. RXBMT = 1 when in Master Mode.
Note: In slave mode, data on MOSI is sampled in the center of each data bit. In master mode, data on MISO is
sampled one SYSCLK before the end of each data bit, to provide maximum settling time for the slave device.
See Table 26.1 for timing parameters.
Rev. 1.2
277
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 26.2. SPI0CN: SPI0 Control
Bit
7
6
5
4
Name
SPIF
WCOL
MODF
RXOVRN
Type
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
3
2
1
0
NSSMD[1:0]
TXBMT
SPIEN
R/W
R
R/W
1
0
0
1
SFR Address = 0xF8; Bit-Addressable; SFR Page = 0x00
Bit
Name
Function
7
SPIF
SPI0 Interrupt Flag.
This bit is set to logic 1 by hardware at the end of a data transfer. If interrupts are
enabled, setting this bit causes the CPU to vector to the SPI0 interrupt service routine. This bit is not automatically cleared by hardware. It must be cleared by software.
6
WCOL
Write Collision Flag.
This bit is set to logic 1 by hardware (and generates a SPI0 interrupt) to indicate a
write to the SPI0 data register was attempted while a data transfer was in progress.
It must be cleared by software.
5
MODF
Mode Fault Flag.
This bit is set to logic 1 by hardware (and generates a SPI0 interrupt) when a master mode collision is detected (NSS is low, MSTEN = 1, and NSSMD[1:0] = 01).
This bit is not automatically cleared by hardware. It must be cleared by software.
4
RXOVRN
Receive Overrun Flag (valid in slave mode only).
This bit is set to logic 1 by hardware (and generates a SPI0 interrupt) when the
receive buffer still holds unread data from a previous transfer and the last bit of the
current transfer is shifted into the SPI0 shift register. This bit is not automatically
cleared by hardware. It must be cleared by software.
3:2
NSSMD[1:0]
Slave Select Mode.
Selects between the following NSS operation modes:
(See Section 26.2 and Section 26.3).
00: 3-Wire Slave or 3-Wire Master Mode. NSS signal is not routed to a port pin.
01: 4-Wire Slave or Multi-Master Mode (Default). NSS is an input to the device.
1x: 4-Wire Single-Master Mode. NSS signal is mapped as an output from the
device and will assume the value of NSSMD0.
1
TXBMT
Transmit Buffer Empty.
This bit will be set to logic 0 when new data has been written to the transmit buffer.
When data in the transmit buffer is transferred to the SPI shift register, this bit will
be set to logic 1, indicating that it is safe to write a new byte to the transmit buffer.
0
SPIEN
SPI0 Enable.
0: SPI disabled.
1: SPI enabled.
278
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 26.3. SPI0CKR: SPI0 Clock Rate
Bit
7
6
5
4
Name
SCR[7:0]
Type
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0xA2; SFR Page = 0x00
Bit
Name
7:0
SCR[7:0]
3
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
Function
SPI0 Clock Rate.
These bits determine the frequency of the SCK output when the SPI0 module is
configured for master mode operation. The SCK clock frequency is a divided version of the system clock, and is given in the following equation, where SYSCLK is
the system clock frequency and SPI0CKR is the 8-bit value held in the SPI0CKR
register.
SYSCLK
f SCK = ---------------------------------------------------------------2 x  SPI0CKR[7:0] + 1 
for 0 <= SPI0CKR <= 255
Example: If SYSCLK = 2 MHz and SPI0CKR = 0x04,
2000000
f SCK = -----------------------------2 x 4 + 1
f SCK = 200 kHz
SFR Definition 26.4. SPI0DAT: SPI0 Data
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
Name
SPI0DAT[7:0]
Type
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0xA3; SFR Page = 0x00
Bit
Name
7:0
0
2
1
0
0
0
0
Function
SPI0DAT[7:0] SPI0 Transmit and Receive Data.
The SPI0DAT register is used to transmit and receive SPI0 data. Writing data to
SPI0DAT places the data into the transmit buffer and initiates a transfer when in
Master Mode. A read of SPI0DAT returns the contents of the receive buffer.
Rev. 1.2
279
C8051F58x/F59x
SCK*
T
T
MCKH
MCKL
T
T
MIS
MIH
MISO
MOSI
* SCK is shown for CKPOL = 0. SCK is the opposite polarity for CKPOL = 1.
Figure 26.8. SPI Master Timing (CKPHA = 0)
SCK*
T
T
MCKH
MCKL
T
T
MIS
MIH
MISO
MOSI
* SCK is shown for CKPOL = 0. SCK is the opposite polarity for CKPOL = 1.
Figure 26.9. SPI Master Timing (CKPHA = 1)
280
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
NSS
T
T
SE
T
CKL
SD
SCK*
T
CKH
T
SIS
T
SIH
MOSI
T
T
SEZ
T
SOH
SDZ
MISO
* SCK is shown for CKPOL = 0. SCK is the opposite polarity for CKPOL = 1.
Figure 26.10. SPI Slave Timing (CKPHA = 0)
NSS
T
T
SE
T
CKL
SD
SCK*
T
CKH
T
SIS
T
SIH
MOSI
T
SEZ
T
T
SOH
SLH
T
SDZ
MISO
* SCK is shown for CKPOL = 0. SCK is the opposite polarity for CKPOL = 1.
Figure 26.11. SPI Slave Timing (CKPHA = 1)
Rev. 1.2
281
C8051F58x/F59x
Table 26.1. SPI Slave Timing Parameters
Parameter
Description
Min
Max
Units
Master Mode Timing* (See Figure 26.8 and Figure 26.9)
TMCKH
SCK High Time
1 x TSYSCLK
—
ns
TMCKL
SCK Low Time
1 x TSYSCLK
—
ns
TMIS
MISO Valid to SCK Shift Edge
1 x TSYSCLK + 20
—
ns
TMIH
SCK Shift Edge to MISO Change
0
—
ns
Slave Mode Timing* (See Figure 26.10 and Figure 26.11)
TSE
NSS Falling to First SCK Edge
2 x TSYSCLK
—
ns
TSD
Last SCK Edge to NSS Rising
2 x TSYSCLK
—
ns
TSEZ
NSS Falling to MISO Valid
—
4 x TSYSCLK
ns
TSDZ
NSS Rising to MISO High-Z
—
4 x TSYSCLK
ns
TCKH
SCK High Time
5 x TSYSCLK
—
ns
TCKL
SCK Low Time
5 x TSYSCLK
—
ns
TSIS
MOSI Valid to SCK Sample Edge
2 x TSYSCLK
—
ns
TSIH
SCK Sample Edge to MOSI Change
2 x TSYSCLK
—
ns
TSOH
SCK Shift Edge to MISO Change
—
4 x TSYSCLK
ns
TSLH
Last SCK Edge to MISO Change 
(CKPHA = 1 ONLY)
6 x TSYSCLK
8 x TSYSCLK
ns
*Note: TSYSCLK is equal to one period of the device system clock (SYSCLK).
282
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
27. Timers
Each MCU includes six counter/timers: two are 16-bit counter/timers compatible with those found in the
standard 8051, and the other four are 16-bit auto-reload timers for use with the ADC, SMBus, or for general purpose use. These timers can be used to measure time intervals, count external events and generate
periodic interrupt requests. Timer 0 and Timer 1 are nearly identical and have four primary modes of operation. Timer 2 and Timer 3 offer 16-bit and split 8-bit timer functionality with auto-reload. Timer 4 and
Timer 5 have 16-bit auto reload and capture and can also produce a 50% duty-cycle square wave (toggle
output) at an general purpose port pin.
Timer 0 and Timer 1 Modes
Timer 2 and 3 Modes
13-bit counter/timer
16-bit timer with auto-reload
16-bit counter/timer
8-bit counter/timer with
Two 8-bit timers with auto-reload
auto-reload
Two 8-bit counter/timers (Timer 0
only)
Timer 4 and 5 Modes
16-bit timer with auto-reload
16-bit counter/timer with capture
Toggle Output
Timers 0 and 1 may be clocked by one of five sources, determined by the Timer Mode Select bits (T1M–
T0M) and the Clock Scale bits (SCA1–SCA0). The Clock Scale bits define a pre-scaled clock from which
Timer 0 and/or Timer 1 may be clocked (See SFR Definition 27.1 for pre-scaled clock selection).Timer 0/1
may then be configured to use this pre-scaled clock signal or the system clock.
Timer 2 and Timer 3 may be clocked by the system clock, the system clock divided by 12, or the external
oscillator clock source divided by 8.
Timer 4 and Timer 5 may be clocked by the system clock, system clock divided by 2 or 12, or the external
oscillator clock source divided by 8.
Timers 0, 1, 4, and 5 may also be operated as counters. When functioning as a counter, a counter/timer
register is incremented on each high-to-low transition at the selected input pin. Events with a frequency of
up to one-fourth the system clock frequency can be counted. The input signal need not be periodic, but it
should be held at a given level for at least two full system clock cycles to ensure the level is properly sampled.
Rev. 1.2
283
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 27.1. CKCON: Clock Control
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
Name
T3MH
T3ML
T2MH
T2ML
T1M
T0M
SCA[1:0]
Type
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0x8E; SFR Page = All Pages
Bit
Name
7
T3MH
1
0
0
0
Function
Timer 3 High Byte Clock Select.
Selects the clock supplied to the Timer 3 high byte (split 8-bit timer mode only).
0: Timer 3 high byte uses the clock defined by the T3XCLK bit in TMR3CN.
1: Timer 3 high byte uses the system clock.
6
T3ML
Timer 3 Low Byte Clock Select.
Selects the clock supplied to Timer 3. Selects the clock supplied to the lower 8-bit timer
in split 8-bit timer mode.
0: Timer 3 low byte uses the clock defined by the T3XCLK bit in TMR3CN.
1: Timer 3 low byte uses the system clock.
5
T2MH
Timer 2 High Byte Clock Select.
Selects the clock supplied to the Timer 2 high byte (split 8-bit timer mode only).
0: Timer 2 high byte uses the clock defined by the T2XCLK bit in TMR2CN.
1: Timer 2 high byte uses the system clock.
4
T2ML
Timer 2 Low Byte Clock Select.
Selects the clock supplied to Timer 2. If Timer 2 is configured in split 8-bit timer mode,
this bit selects the clock supplied to the lower 8-bit timer.
0: Timer 2 low byte uses the clock defined by the T2XCLK bit in TMR2CN.
1: Timer 2 low byte uses the system clock.
3
T1
Timer 1 Clock Select.
Selects the clock source supplied to Timer 1. Ignored when C/T1 is set to 1.
0: Timer 1 uses the clock defined by the prescale bits SCA[1:0].
1: Timer 1 uses the system clock.
2
T0
Timer 0 Clock Select.
Selects the clock source supplied to Timer 0. Ignored when C/T0 is set to 1.
0: Counter/Timer 0 uses the clock defined by the prescale bits SCA[1:0].
1: Counter/Timer 0 uses the system clock.
1:0
SCA[1:0] Timer 0/1 Prescale Bits.
These bits control the Timer 0/1 Clock Prescaler:
00: System clock divided by 12
01: System clock divided by 4
10: System clock divided by 48
11: External clock divided by 8 (synchronized with the system clock)
284
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
27.1. Timer 0 and Timer 1
Each timer is implemented as a 16-bit register accessed as two separate bytes: a low byte (TL0 or TL1)
and a high byte (TH0 or TH1). The Counter/Timer Control register (TCON) is used to enable Timer 0 and
Timer 1 as well as indicate status. Timer 0 interrupts can be enabled by setting the ET0 bit in the IE register (Section “14.2. Interrupt Register Descriptions” on page 129); Timer 1 interrupts can be enabled by setting the ET1 bit in the IE register (Section “14.2. Interrupt Register Descriptions” on page 129). Both
counter/timers operate in one of four primary modes selected by setting the Mode Select bits T1M1–T0M0
in the Counter/Timer Mode register (TMOD). Each timer can be configured independently. Each operating
mode is described below.
27.1.1. Mode 0: 13-bit Counter/Timer
Timer 0 and Timer 1 operate as 13-bit counter/timers in Mode 0. The following describes the configuration
and operation of Timer 0. However, both timers operate identically, and Timer 1 is configured in the same
manner as described for Timer 0.
The TH0 register holds the eight MSBs of the 13-bit counter/timer. TL0 holds the five LSBs in bit positions
TL0.4–TL0.0. The three upper bits of TL0 (TL0.7–TL0.5) are indeterminate and should be masked out or
ignored when reading. As the 13-bit timer register increments and overflows from 0x1FFF (all ones) to
0x0000, the timer overflow flag TF0 (TCON.5) is set and an interrupt will occur if Timer 0 interrupts are
enabled.
The C/T0 bit (TMOD.2) selects the counter/timer's clock source. When C/T0 is set to logic 1, high-to-low
transitions at the selected Timer 0 input pin (T0) increment the timer register (Refer to Section
“20.3. Priority Crossbar Decoder” on page 190 for information on selecting and configuring external I/O
pins). Clearing C/T selects the clock defined by the T0M bit (CKCON.3). When T0M is set, Timer 0 is
clocked by the system clock. When T0M is cleared, Timer 0 is clocked by the source selected by the Clock
Scale bits in CKCON (see SFR Definition 27.1).
Setting the TR0 bit (TCON.4) enables the timer when either GATE0 (TMOD.3) is logic 0 or the input signal
INT0 is active as defined by bit IN0PL in register IT01CF (see SFR Definition 14.7). Setting GATE0 to 1
allows the timer to be controlled by the external input signal INT0 (see Section “14.2. Interrupt Register
Descriptions” on page 129), facilitating pulse width measurements.
TR0
GATE0
INT0
Counter/Timer
0
X
X
Disabled
1
0
X
Enabled
1
1
0
Disabled
1
1
1
Enabled
Note: X = Don't Care
Setting TR0 does not force the timer to reset. The timer registers should be loaded with the desired initial
value before the timer is enabled.
TL1 and TH1 form the 13-bit register for Timer 1 in the same manner as described above for TL0 and TH0.
Timer 1 is configured and controlled using the relevant TCON and TMOD bits just as with Timer 0. The
input signal INT1 is used with Timer 1; the INT1 polarity is defined by bit IN1PL in register IT01CF (see
SFR Definition 14.7).
Rev. 1.2
285
C8051F58x/F59x
CKCON
T
3
M
H
P re -s c a le d C lo c k
0
SYS C LK
1
T
3
M
L
T
2
M
H
TM OD
T T T S S
2 1 0 C C
MMM A A
1 0
L
G
A
T
E
1
C
/
T
1
T
1
M
1
T
1
M
0
G
A
T
E
0
C
/
T
0
IT 0 1 C F
T
0
M
1
T
0
M
0
I
N
1
P
L
I
N
1
S
L
2
I
N
1
S
L
1
I
N
1
S
L
0
I
N
0
P
L
I
N
0
S
L
2
I
N
0
S
L
1
I
N
0
S
L
0
0
1
TCLK
TR 0
TL0
(5 b its )
TH 0
(8 b its )
G ATE0
C ro s s b a r
/IN T 0
IN 0 P L
TCON
T0
TF1
TR1
TF0
TR0
IE 1
IT 1
IE 0
IT 0
In te rru p t
XO R
Figure 27.1. T0 Mode 0 Block Diagram
27.1.2. Mode 1: 16-bit Counter/Timer
Mode 1 operation is the same as Mode 0, except that the counter/timer registers use all 16 bits. The counter/timers are enabled and configured in Mode 1 in the same manner as for Mode 0.
27.1.3. Mode 2: 8-bit Counter/Timer with Auto-Reload
Mode 2 configures Timer 0 and Timer 1 to operate as 8-bit counter/timers with automatic reload of the start
value. TL0 holds the count and TH0 holds the reload value. When the counter in TL0 overflows from all
ones to 0x00, the timer overflow flag TF0 (TCON.5) is set and the counter in TL0 is reloaded from TH0. If
Timer 0 interrupts are enabled, an interrupt will occur when the TF0 flag is set. The reload value in TH0 is
not changed. TL0 must be initialized to the desired value before enabling the timer for the first count to be
correct. When in Mode 2, Timer 1 operates identically to Timer 0.
Both counter/timers are enabled and configured in Mode 2 in the same manner as Mode 0. Setting the
TR0 bit (TCON.4) enables the timer when either GATE0 (TMOD.3) is logic 0 or when the input signal INT0
is active as defined by bit IN0PL in register IT01CF (see Section “14.3. External Interrupts INT0 and INT1”
on page 136 for details on the external input signals INT0 and INT1).
286
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
CKCON
T T T T T T S
3 3 2 2 1 0 C
MMMMMMA
H L H L
1
Pre-scaled Clock
TMOD
S
C
A
0
G
A
T
E
1
C
/
T
1
T
1
M
1
T
1
M
0
G
A
T
E
0
C
/
T
0
IT01CF
T
0
M
1
T
0
M
0
I
N
1
P
L
I
N
1
S
L
2
I
N
1
S
L
1
I
N
1
S
L
0
I
N
0
P
L
I
N
0
S
L
2
I
N
0
S
L
1
I
N
0
S
L
0
0
0
SYSCLK
1
1
T0
TL0
(8 bits)
TCON
TCLK
TR0
Crossbar
GATE0
TH0
(8 bits)
/INT0
IN0PL
TF1
TR1
TF0
TR0
IE1
IT1
IE0
IT0
Interrupt
Reload
XOR
Figure 27.2. T0 Mode 2 Block Diagram
27.1.4. Mode 3: Two 8-bit Counter/Timers (Timer 0 Only)
In Mode 3, Timer 0 is configured as two separate 8-bit counter/timers held in TL0 and TH0. The counter/timer in TL0 is controlled using the Timer 0 control/status bits in TCON and TMOD: TR0, C/T0, GATE0
and TF0. TL0 can use either the system clock or an external input signal as its timebase. The TH0 register
is restricted to a timer function sourced by the system clock or prescaled clock. TH0 is enabled using the
Timer 1 run control bit TR1. TH0 sets the Timer 1 overflow flag TF1 on overflow and thus controls the
Timer 1 interrupt.
Timer 1 is inactive in Mode 3. When Timer 0 is operating in Mode 3, Timer 1 can be operated in Modes 0,
1 or 2, but cannot be clocked by external signals nor set the TF1 flag and generate an interrupt. However,
the Timer 1 overflow can be used to generate baud rates for the SMBus and/or UART, and/or initiate ADC
conversions. While Timer 0 is operating in Mode 3, Timer 1 run control is handled through its mode settings. To run Timer 1 while Timer 0 is in Mode 3, set the Timer 1 Mode as 0, 1, or 2. To disable Timer 1,
configure it for Mode 3.
Rev. 1.2
287
C8051F58x/F59x
CKCON
TMOD
TTTTTTSS
3 3 2 2 1 0 CC
MMMMMM A A
HLHL
1 0
Pre-scaled Clock
G
A
T
E
1
C
/
T
1
T T
1 1
MM
1 0
G
A
T
E
0
C
/
T
0
T T
0 0
MM
1 0
0
TR1
SYSCLK
TH0
(8 bits)
1
TCON
0
1
T0
TL0
(8 bits)
TR0
Crossbar
/INT0
GATE0
IN0PL
XOR
Figure 27.3. T0 Mode 3 Block Diagram
288
Rev. 1.2
TF1
TR1
TF0
TR0
IE1
IT1
IE0
IT0
Interrupt
Interrupt
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 27.2. TCON: Timer Control
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Name
TF1
TR1
TF0
TR0
IE1
IT1
IE0
IT0
Type
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0x88; Bit-Addressable; SFR Page = All Pages
Bit
Name
Function
7
TF1
Timer 1 Overflow Flag.
Set to 1 by hardware when Timer 1 overflows. This flag can be cleared by software
but is automatically cleared when the CPU vectors to the Timer 1 interrupt service
routine.
6
TR1
Timer 1 Run Control.
Timer 1 is enabled by setting this bit to 1.
5
TF0
Timer 0 Overflow Flag.
Set to 1 by hardware when Timer 0 overflows. This flag can be cleared by software
but is automatically cleared when the CPU vectors to the Timer 0 interrupt service
routine.
4
TR0
Timer 0 Run Control.
Timer 0 is enabled by setting this bit to 1.
3
IE1
External Interrupt 1.
This flag is set by hardware when an edge/level of type defined by IT1 is detected. It
can be cleared by software but is automatically cleared when the CPU vectors to the
External Interrupt 1 service routine in edge-triggered mode.
2
IT1
Interrupt 1 Type Select.
This bit selects whether the configured INT1 interrupt will be edge or level sensitive.
INT1 is configured active low or high by the IN1PL bit in the IT01CF register (see
SFR Definition 14.7).
0: INT1 is level triggered.
1: INT1 is edge triggered.
1
IE0
External Interrupt 0.
This flag is set by hardware when an edge/level of type defined by IT1 is detected. It
can be cleared by software but is automatically cleared when the CPU vectors to the
External Interrupt 0 service routine in edge-triggered mode.
0
IT0
Interrupt 0 Type Select.
This bit selects whether the configured INT0 interrupt will be edge or level sensitive.
INT0 is configured active low or high by the IN0PL bit in register IT01CF (see SFR
Definition 14.7).
0: INT0 is level triggered.
1: INT0 is edge triggered.
Rev. 1.2
289
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 27.3. TMOD: Timer Mode
Bit
7
6
Name
GATE1
C/T1
Type
R/W
R/W
Reset
0
0
5
4
3
2
T1M[1:0]
GATE0
C/T0
T0M[1:0]
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0x89; SFR Page = All Pages
Bit
Name
7
GATE1
1
0
0
0
Function
Timer 1 Gate Control.
0: Timer 1 enabled when TR1 = 1 irrespective of INT1 logic level.
1: Timer 1 enabled only when TR1 = 1 AND INT1 is active as defined by bit IN1PL in
register IT01CF (see SFR Definition 14.7).
6
C/T1
Counter/Timer 1 Select.
0: Timer: Timer 1 incremented by clock defined by T1M bit in register CKCON.
1: Counter: Timer 1 incremented by high-to-low transitions on external pin (T1).
5:4
T1M[1:0]
Timer 1 Mode Select.
These bits select the Timer 1 operation mode.
00: Mode 0, 13-bit Counter/Timer
01: Mode 1, 16-bit Counter/Timer
10: Mode 2, 8-bit Counter/Timer with Auto-Reload
11: Mode 3, Timer 1 Inactive
3
GATE0
Timer 0 Gate Control.
0: Timer 0 enabled when TR0 = 1 irrespective of INT0 logic level.
1: Timer 0 enabled only when TR0 = 1 AND INT0 is active as defined by bit IN0PL in
register IT01CF (see SFR Definition 14.7).
2
C/T0
Counter/Timer 0 Select.
0: Timer: Timer 0 incremented by clock defined by T0M bit in register CKCON.
1: Counter: Timer 0 incremented by high-to-low transitions on external pin (T0).
1:0
T0M[1:0]
Timer 0 Mode Select.
These bits select the Timer 0 operation mode.
00: Mode 0, 13-bit Counter/Timer
01: Mode 1, 16-bit Counter/Timer
10: Mode 2, 8-bit Counter/Timer with Auto-Reload
11: Mode 3, Two 8-bit Counter/Timers
290
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 27.4. TL0: Timer 0 Low Byte
Bit
7
6
5
4
Name
TL0[7:0]
Type
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0x8A; SFR Page = All Pages
Bit
Name
7:0
TL0[7:0]
3
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
3
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
Function
Timer 0 Low Byte.
The TL0 register is the low byte of the 16-bit Timer 0.
SFR Definition 27.5. TL1: Timer 1 Low Byte
Bit
7
6
5
4
Name
TL1[7:0]
Type
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0x8B; SFR Page = All Pages
Bit
Name
7:0
TL1[7:0]
Function
Timer 1 Low Byte.
The TL1 register is the low byte of the 16-bit Timer 1.
Rev. 1.2
291
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 27.6. TH0: Timer 0 High Byte
Bit
7
6
5
4
Name
TH0[7:0]
Type
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0x8C; SFR Page = All Pages
Bit
Name
7:0
TH0[7:0]
3
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
Function
Timer 0 High Byte.
The TH0 register is the high byte of the 16-bit Timer 0.
SFR Definition 27.7. TH1: Timer 1 High Byte
Bit
7
6
5
4
Name
TH1[7:0]
Type
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0x8D; SFR Page = All Pages
Bit
Name
7:0
TH1[7:0]
3
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
Function
Timer 1 High Byte.
The TH1 register is the high byte of the 16-bit Timer 1.
292
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
27.2. Timer 2
Timer 2 is a 16-bit timer formed by two 8-bit SFRs: TMR2L (low byte) and TMR2H (high byte). Timer 2 may
operate in 16-bit auto-reload mode or (split) 8-bit auto-reload mode. The T2SPLIT bit (TMR2CN.3) defines
the Timer 2 operation mode.
Timer 2 may be clocked by the system clock, the system clock divided by 12, or the external oscillator
source divided by 8. The external clock mode is ideal for real-time clock (RTC) functionality, where the
internal oscillator drives the system clock while Timer 2 (and/or the PCA) is clocked by an external precision oscillator. Note that the external oscillator source divided by 8 is synchronized with the system clock.
27.2.1. 16-bit Timer with Auto-Reload
When T2SPLIT (TMR2CN.3) is zero, Timer 2 operates as a 16-bit timer with auto-reload. Timer 2 can be
clocked by SYSCLK, SYSCLK divided by 12, or the external oscillator clock source divided by 8. As the
16-bit timer register increments and overflows from 0xFFFF to 0x0000, the 16-bit value in the Timer 2
reload registers (TMR2RLH and TMR2RLL) is loaded into the Timer 2 register as shown in Figure 27.4,
and the Timer 2 High Byte Overflow Flag (TMR2CN.7) is set. If Timer 2 interrupts are enabled (if IE.5 is
set), an interrupt will be generated on each Timer 2 overflow. Additionally, if Timer 2 interrupts are enabled
and the TF2LEN bit is set (TMR2CN.5), an interrupt will be generated each time the lower 8 bits (TMR2L)
overflow from 0xFF to 0x00.
CKCON
T2XCLK
SYSCLK / 12
0
External Clock / 8
1
TTTTTTSS
3 3 2 2 1 0 CC
MMMMMM A A
HLHL
1 0
To ADC,
SMBus
To SMBus
TL2
Overflow
0
TCLK
TMR2L
TMR2H
TMR2CN
TR2
1
SYSCLK
TF2H
TF2L
TF2LEN
TF2CEN
T2SPLIT
TR2
Interrupt
T2XCLK
TMR2RLL TMR2RLH
Reload
Figure 27.4. Timer 2 16-Bit Mode Block Diagram
27.2.2. 8-bit Timers with Auto-Reload
When T2SPLIT is set, Timer 2 operates as two 8-bit timers (TMR2H and TMR2L). Both 8-bit timers operate in auto-reload mode as shown in Figure 27.5. TMR2RLL holds the reload value for TMR2L; TMR2RLH
holds the reload value for TMR2H. The TR2 bit in TMR2CN handles the run control for TMR2H. TMR2L is
always running when configured for 8-bit Mode.
Each 8-bit timer may be configured to use SYSCLK, SYSCLK divided by 12, or the external oscillator clock
source divided by 8. The Timer 2 Clock Select bits (T2MH and T2ML in CKCON) select either SYSCLK or
the clock defined by the Timer 2 External Clock Select bit (T2XCLK in TMR2CN), as follows:
T2MH
T2XCLK
0
0
1
0
1
X
TMR2H Clock Source
SYSCLK/12
External Clock/8
SYSCLK
Rev. 1.2
T2ML
T2XCLK
0
0
1
0
1
X
TMR2L Clock Source
SYSCLK/12
External Clock/8
SYSCLK
293
C8051F58x/F59x
The TF2H bit is set when TMR2H overflows from 0xFF to 0x00; the TF2L bit is set when TMR2L overflows
from 0xFF to 0x00. When Timer 2 interrupts are enabled (IE.5), an interrupt is generated each time
TMR2H overflows. If Timer 2 interrupts are enabled and TF2LEN (TMR2CN.5) is set, an interrupt is generated each time either TMR2L or TMR2H overflows. When TF2LEN is enabled, software must check the
TF2H and TF2L flags to determine the source of the Timer 2 interrupt. The TF2H and TF2L interrupt flags
are not cleared by hardware and must be manually cleared by software.
CKCON
TTTTTTSS
3 3 2 2 1 0 CC
MMMMMM A A
HLHL
1 0
T2XCLK
SYSCLK / 12
0
External Clock / 8
1
TMR2RLH
Reload
To SMBus
0
TCLK
TR2
TMR2H
TMR2RLL
SYSCLK
Reload
TMR2CN
1
TF2H
TF2L
TF2LEN
TF2CEN
T2SPLIT
TR2
Interrupt
T2XCLK
1
TCLK
TMR2L
To ADC,
SMBus
0
Figure 27.5. Timer 2 8-Bit Mode Block Diagram
27.2.3. External Oscillator Capture Mode
Capture Mode allows the external oscillator to be measured against the system clock. Timer 2 can be
clocked from the system clock, or the system clock divided by 12, depending on the T2ML (CKCON.4),
and T2XCLK bits. When a capture event is generated, the contents of Timer 2 (TMR2H:TMR2L) are
loaded into the Timer 2 reload registers (TMR2RLH:TMR2RLL) and the TF2H flag is set. A capture event
is generated by the falling edge of the clock source being measured, which is the external oscillator / 8. By
recording the difference between two successive timer capture values, the external oscillator frequency
can be determined with respect to the Timer 2 clock. The Timer 2 clock should be much faster than the
capture clock to achieve an accurate reading. Timer 2 should be in 16-bit auto-reload mode when using
Capture Mode.
For example, if T2ML = 1b and TF2CEN = 1b, Timer 2 will clock every SYSCLK and capture every external
clock divided by 8. If the SYSCLK is 24 MHz and the difference between two successive captures is 5984,
then the external clock frequency is as follows:
24 MHz/(5984/8) = 0.032086 MHz or 32.086 kHz
This mode allows software to determine the external oscillator frequency when an RC network or capacitor
is used to generate the clock source.
294
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
CKCON
T2XCLK
SYSCLK / 12
TTTTTTSS
3 3 2 2 1 0CC
MMMMMM A A
HLHL
1 0
0
0
TR2
External Clock / 8
SYSCLK
TCLK
1
TMR2L
TMR2H
Capture
1
TF2CEN
TMR2RLL TMR2RLH
TMR2CN
External Clock / 8
TF2H
TF2L
TF2LEN
TF2CEN
T2SPLIT
TR2
Interrupt
T2XCLK
Figure 27.6. Timer 2 External Oscillator Capture Mode Block Diagram
Rev. 1.2
295
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 27.8. TMR2CN: Timer 2 Control
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Name
TF2H
TF2L
TF2LEN
TF2CEN
T2SPLIT
TR2
Type
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
T2XCLK
SFR Address = 0xC8; Bit-Addressable; SFR Page = 0x00
Bit
Name
Function
7
TF2H
Timer 2 High Byte Overflow Flag.
Set by hardware when the Timer 2 high byte overflows from 0xFF to 0x00. In 16 bit
mode, this will occur when Timer 2 overflows from 0xFFFF to 0x0000. When the
Timer 2 interrupt is enabled, setting this bit causes the CPU to vector to the Timer 2
interrupt service routine. This bit is not automatically cleared by hardware.
6
TF2L
Timer 2 Low Byte Overflow Flag.
Set by hardware when the Timer 2 low byte overflows from 0xFF to 0x00. TF2L will
be set when the low byte overflows regardless of the Timer 2 mode. This bit is not
automatically cleared by hardware.
5
TF2LEN
Timer 2 Low Byte Interrupt Enable.
When set to 1, this bit enables Timer 2 Low Byte interrupts. If Timer 2 interrupts are
also enabled, an interrupt will be generated when the low byte of Timer 2 overflows.
4
TF2CEN
Timer 2 Capture Mode Enable.
0: Timer 2 Capture Mode is disabled.
1: Timer 2 Capture Mode is enabled.
3
T2SPLIT
Timer 2 Split Mode Enable.
When this bit is set, Timer 2 operates as two 8-bit timers with auto-reload.
0: Timer 2 operates in 16-bit auto-reload mode.
1: Timer 2 operates as two 8-bit auto-reload timers.
2
TR2
Timer 2 Run Control.
Timer 2 is enabled by setting this bit to 1. In 8-bit mode, this bit enables/disables
TMR2H only; TMR2L is always enabled in split mode.
1
Unused
Read = 0b; Write = Don’t Care
0
T2XCLK
Timer 2 External Clock Select.
This bit selects the external clock source for Timer 2. If Timer 2 is in 8-bit mode, this
bit selects the external oscillator clock source for both timer bytes. However, the
Timer 2 Clock Select bits (T2MH and T2ML in register CKCON) may still be used to
select between the external clock and the system clock for either timer.
0: Timer 2 clock is the system clock divided by 12.
1: Timer 2 clock is the external clock divided by 8 (synchronized with SYSCLK).
296
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 27.9. TMR2RLL: Timer 2 Reload Register Low Byte
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
Name
TMR2RLL[7:0]
Type
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0xCA; SFR Page = 0x00
Bit
Name
7:0
2
1
0
0
0
0
2
1
0
0
0
0
Function
TMR2RLL[7:0] Timer 2 Reload Register Low Byte.
TMR2RLL holds the low byte of the reload value for Timer 2.
SFR Definition 27.10. TMR2RLH: Timer 2 Reload Register High Byte
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
Name
TMR2RLH[7:0]
Type
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0xCB; SFR Page = 0x00
Bit
Name
0
Function
7:0 TMR2RLH[7:0] Timer 2 Reload Register High Byte.
TMR2RLH holds the high byte of the reload value for Timer 2.
Rev. 1.2
297
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 27.11. TMR2L: Timer 2 Low Byte
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
Name
TMR2L[7:0]
Type
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0xCC; SFR Page = 0x00
Bit
Name
7:0
2
1
0
0
0
0
Function
TMR2L[7:0] Timer 2 Low Byte.
In 16-bit mode, the TMR2L register contains the low byte of the 16-bit Timer 2. In 8bit mode, TMR2L contains the 8-bit low byte timer value.
SFR Definition 27.12. TMR2H Timer 2 High Byte
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
Name
TMR2H[7:0]
Type
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0xCD; SFR Page = 0x00
Bit
Name
7:0
0
2
1
0
0
0
0
Function
TMR2H[7:0] Timer 2 High Byte.
In 16-bit mode, the TMR2H register contains the high byte of the 16-bit Timer 2. In 8bit mode, TMR2H contains the 8-bit high byte timer value.
298
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
27.3. Timer 3
Timer 3 is a 16-bit timer formed by two 8-bit SFRs: TMR3L (low byte) and TMR3H (high byte). Timer 3 may
operate in 16-bit auto-reload mode or (split) 8-bit auto-reload mode. The T3SPLIT bit (TMR3CN.3) defines
the Timer 3 operation mode.
Timer 3 may be clocked by the system clock, the system clock divided by 12, or the external oscillator
source divided by 8. The external clock mode is ideal for real-time clock (RTC) functionality, where the
internal oscillator drives the system clock while Timer 3 (and/or the PCA) is clocked by an external precision oscillator. Note that the external oscillator source divided by 8 is synchronized with the system clock.
27.3.1. 16-bit Timer with Auto-Reload
When T3SPLIT (TMR3CN.3) is zero, Timer 3 operates as a 16-bit timer with auto-reload. Timer 3 can be
clocked by SYSCLK, SYSCLK divided by 12, or the external oscillator clock source divided by 8. As the
16-bit timer register increments and overflows from 0xFFFF to 0x0000, the 16-bit value in the Timer 3
reload registers (TMR3RLH and TMR3RLL) is loaded into the Timer 3 register as shown in Figure 27.7,
and the Timer 3 High Byte Overflow Flag (TMR3CN.7) is set. If Timer 3 interrupts are enabled, an interrupt
will be generated on each Timer 3 overflow. Additionally, if Timer 3 interrupts are enabled and the TF3LEN
bit is set (TMR3CN.5), an interrupt will be generated each time the lower 8 bits (TMR3L) overflow from
0xFF to 0x00.
CKCON
SYSCLK / 12
0
External Clock / 8
1
0
TR3
SYSCLK
To ADC,
SMBus
To SMBus
TL3
Overflow
TCLK
TMR3L
TMR3H
TMR3CN
T3XCLK
TTTTTTSS
3 3 2 2 1 0 CC
MMMMMM A A
HLHL
1 0
1
TF3H
TF3L
TF3LEN
TF3CEN
T3SPLIT
TR3
Interrupt
T3XCLK
TMR3RLL TMR3RLH
Reload
Figure 27.7. Timer 3 16-Bit Mode Block Diagram
27.3.2. 8-bit Timers with Auto-Reload
When T3SPLIT is set, Timer 3 operates as two 8-bit timers (TMR3H and TMR3L). Both 8-bit timers operate in auto-reload mode as shown in Figure 27.8. TMR3RLL holds the reload value for TMR3L; TMR3RLH
holds the reload value for TMR3H. The TR3 bit in TMR3CN handles the run control for TMR3H. TMR3L is
always running when configured for 8-bit Mode.
Each 8-bit timer may be configured to use SYSCLK, SYSCLK divided by 12, or the external oscillator clock
source divided by 8. The Timer 3 Clock Select bits (T3MH and T3ML in CKCON) select either SYSCLK or
the clock defined by the Timer 3 External Clock Select bit (T3XCLK in TMR3CN), as follows:
T3MH
T3XCLK
0
0
1
0
1
X
TMR3H Clock Source
SYSCLK/12
External Clock/8
SYSCLK
Rev. 1.2
T3ML
T3XCLK
0
0
1
0
1
X
TMR3L Clock Source
SYSCLK/12
External Clock/8
SYSCLK
299
C8051F58x/F59x
The TF3H bit is set when TMR3H overflows from 0xFF to 0x00; the TF3L bit is set when TMR3L overflows
from 0xFF to 0x00. When Timer 3 interrupts are enabled, an interrupt is generated each time TMR3H overflows. If Timer 3 interrupts are enabled and TF3LEN (TMR3CN.5) is set, an interrupt is generated each
time either TMR3L or TMR3H overflows. When TF3LEN is enabled, software must check the TF3H and
TF3L flags to determine the source of the Timer 3 interrupt. The TF3H and TF3L interrupt flags are not
cleared by hardware and must be manually cleared by software.
CKCON
TTTTTTSS
3 3 2 2 1 0 CC
MMMMMM A A
HLHL
1 0
T3XCLK
SYSCLK / 12
0
External Clock / 8
1
TMR3RLH
Reload
To SMBus
0
TCLK
TR3
TMR3H
TMR3RLL
SYSCLK
Reload
TMR3CN
1
TF3H
TF3L
TF3LEN
TF3CEN
T3SPLIT
TR3
Interrupt
T3XCLK
1
TCLK
TMR3L
To ADC,
SMBus
0
Figure 27.8. Timer 3 8-Bit Mode Block Diagram
27.3.3. External Oscillator Capture Mode
Capture Mode allows the external oscillator to be measured against the system clock. Timer 3 can be
clocked from the system clock, or the system clock divided by 12, depending on the T3ML (CKCON.6),
and T3XCLK bits. When a capture event is generated, the contents of Timer 3 (TMR3H:TMR3L) are
loaded into the Timer 3 reload registers (TMR3RLH:TMR3RLL) and the TF3H flag is set. A capture event
is generated by the falling edge of the clock source being measured, which is the external oscillator/8. By
recording the difference between two successive timer capture values, the external oscillator frequency
can be determined with respect to the Timer 3 clock. The Timer 3 clock should be much faster than the
capture clock to achieve an accurate reading. Timer 3 should be in 16-bit auto-reload mode when using
Capture Mode.
If the SYSCLK is 24 MHz and the difference between two successive captures is 5861, then the external
clock frequency is as follows:
24 MHz/(5861/8) = 0.032754 MHz or 32.754 kHz
This mode allows software to determine the external oscillator frequency when an RC network or capacitor
is used to generate the clock source.
300
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
CKCON
T3XCLK
SYSCLK / 12
TTTTTTSS
3 3 2 2 1 0CC
MMMMMM A A
HLHL
1 0
0
0
TR3
External Clock / 8
SYSCLK
TCLK
1
TMR3L
TMR3H
Capture
1
TF3CEN
TMR3RLL TMR3RLH
TMR3CN
External Clock / 8
TF3H
TF3L
TF3LEN
TF3CEN
T3SPLIT
TR3
Interrupt
T3XCLK
Figure 27.9. Timer 3 External Oscillator Capture Mode Block Diagram
Rev. 1.2
301
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 27.13. TMR3CN: Timer 3 Control
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
Name
TF3H
TF3L
TF3LEN
TF3CEN
T3SPLIT
TR3
Type
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0x91; SFR Page = 0x00
Bit
Name
7
TF3H
1
0
T3XCLK
Function
Timer 3 High Byte Overflow Flag.
Set by hardware when the Timer 3 high byte overflows from 0xFF to 0x00. In 16 bit
mode, this will occur when Timer 3 overflows from 0xFFFF to 0x0000. When the
Timer 3 interrupt is enabled, setting this bit causes the CPU to vector to the Timer 3
interrupt service routine. This bit is not automatically cleared by hardware.
6
TF3L
Timer 3 Low Byte Overflow Flag.
Set by hardware when the Timer 3 low byte overflows from 0xFF to 0x00. TF3L will
be set when the low byte overflows regardless of the Timer 3 mode. This bit is not
automatically cleared by hardware.
5
TF3LEN
Timer 3 Low Byte Interrupt Enable.
When set to 1, this bit enables Timer 3 Low Byte interrupts. If Timer 3 interrupts are
also enabled, an interrupt will be generated when the low byte of Timer 3 overflows.
4
TF3CEN
Timer 3 Capture Mode Enable.
0: Timer 3 Capture Mode is disabled.
1: Timer 3 Capture Mode is enabled.
3
T3SPLIT
Timer 3 Split Mode Enable.
When this bit is set, Timer 3 operates as two 8-bit timers with auto-reload.
0: Timer 3 operates in 16-bit auto-reload mode.
1: Timer 3 operates as two 8-bit auto-reload timers.
2
TR3
Timer 3 Run Control.
Timer 3 is enabled by setting this bit to 1. In 8-bit mode, this bit enables/disables
TMR3H only; TMR3L is always enabled in split mode.
1
Unused
Read = 0b; Write = Don’t Care
0
T3XCLK
Timer 3 External Clock Select.
This bit selects the external clock source for Timer 3. If Timer 3 is in 8-bit mode, this
bit selects the external oscillator clock source for both timer bytes. However, the
Timer 3 Clock Select bits (T3MH and T3ML in register CKCON) may still be used to
select between the external clock and the system clock for either timer.
0: Timer 3 clock is the system clock divided by 12.
1: Timer 3 clock is the external clock divided by 8 (synchronized with SYSCLK).
302
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 27.14. TMR3RLL: Timer 3 Reload Register Low Byte
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
Name
TMR3RLL[7:0]
Type
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0x92; SFR Page = 0x00
Bit
Name
7:0
2
1
0
0
0
0
2
1
0
0
0
0
Function
TMR3RLL[7:0] Timer 3 Reload Register Low Byte.
TMR3RLL holds the low byte of the reload value for Timer 3.
SFR Definition 27.15. TMR3RLH: Timer 3 Reload Register High Byte
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
Name
TMR3RLH[7:0]
Type
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0x93; SFR Page = 0x00
Bit
Name
0
Function
7:0 TMR3RLH[7:0] Timer 3 Reload Register High Byte.
TMR3RLH holds the high byte of the reload value for Timer 3.
Rev. 1.2
303
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 27.16. TMR3L: Timer 3 Low Byte
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
Name
TMR3L[7:0]
Type
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0x94; SFR Page = 0x00
Bit
Name
7:0
2
1
0
0
0
0
Function
TMR3L[7:0] Timer 3 Low Byte.
In 16-bit mode, the TMR3L register contains the low byte of the 16-bit Timer 3. In 8bit mode, TMR3L contains the 8-bit low byte timer value.
SFR Definition 27.17. TMR3H Timer 3 High Byte
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
Name
TMR3H[7:0]
Type
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0x95; SFR Page = 0x00
Bit
Name
7:0
0
2
1
0
0
0
0
Function
TMR3H[7:0] Timer 3 High Byte.
In 16-bit mode, the TMR3H register contains the high byte of the 16-bit Timer 3. In 8bit mode, TMR3H contains the 8-bit high byte timer value.
304
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
27.4. Timer 4 and Timer 5
Timers 4 and 5 are 16-bit counter/timers, each formed by two 8-bit SFRs: TMRnL (low byte) and TMRnH
(high byte) where n = 4 and 5 for timers 4 and 5 respectively. Timers 4 and 5 feature auto-reload, capture,
and toggle output modes with the ability to count up or down. Capture mode and Auto-Reload mode are
selected using bits in the Timer4 and 5 Control registers (TMRnCN). Toggle Output mode is selected using
the Timer 4 and 5 Configuration registers (TMRnCF). These timers may also be used to generate a
square-wave at an external pin. As with Timers 0 and 1, Timers 4 and 5 can use either the system clock
(divided by one, two, or twelve), external clock (divided by eight) or transitions on an external input pin as
its clock source.
The Counter/Timer Select bit CTn bit (TMRnCN.1) configures the peripheral as a counter or timer. Clearing
CTn to 0 configures the Timer to be in a timer mode (i.e., the system clock or transitions on an external pin
as the input for the timer). When CTn is set to 1, the timer is configured as a counter (i.e., high-to-low transitions at the Tn input pin increment (or decrement) the counter/timer register. Refer to Section “20.4. Port
I/O Initialization” on page 193 for information on selecting and configuring external I/O pins for digital
peripherals, such as the Tn pin.
The Timers can use either SYSCLK, SYSCLK divided by 2, SYSCLK divided by 12, an external clock
divided by 8, or high-to-low transitions on the Tn input pin as its clock source when operating in Counter/Timer with Capture mode. Clearing the CTn bit (TMRnCN.1) selects the system clock/external clock as
the input for the timer. The Timer Clock Select bits TnM0 and TnM1 in TMRnCF can be used to select the
system clock undivided, system clock divided by two, system clock divided by 12, or an external clock provided at the XTAL1/XTAL2 pins divided by 8 (see SFR Definition 27.19). When CTn is set to logic 1, a highto-low transition at the Tn input pin increments the counter/timer register (i.e., configured as a counter).
27.4.1. Configuring Timer 4 and 5 to Count Down
Timers 4 and 5 have the ability to count down. When the timer’s Decrement Enable Bit (DCENn) in the
Timer Configuration Register (see SFR Definition 27.19) is set to 1, the timer can then count up or down.
When DCENn = 1, the direction of the timer’s count is controlled by the TnEX pin’s logic level. When
TnEX = 1, the counter/timer will count up; when TnEX = 0, the counter/timer will count down. To use this
feature, TnEX must be enabled in the digital crossbar and configured as a digital input.
Note: When DCENn = 1, other functions of the TnEX input (i.e., capture and auto-reload) are not available. TnEX will
only control the direction of the timer when DCENn = 1.
27.4.2. Capture Mode
In Capture Mode, Timers 4 and 5 will operate as a 16-bit counter/timer with capture facility. When the Timer
External Enable bit (see SFR Definition 27.18) is set to 1, a high-to-low transition on the TnEX input pin
causes the 16-bit value in the associated timer (THn, TLn) to be loaded into the capture registers (TMRnCAPH, TMRnCAPL). If a capture is triggered in the counter/timer, the Timer External Flag (TMRnCN.6) will
be set to 1 and an interrupt will occur if the interrupt is enabled. See Section “14. Interrupts” on
page 126 for further information concerning the configuration of interrupt sources.
As the 16-bit timer register increments and overflows TMRnH:TMRnL, the TFn Timer Overflow/Underflow
Flag (TMRnCN.7) is set to 1 and an interrupt will occur if the interrupt is enabled. The timer can be configured to count down by setting the Decrement Enable Bit (TMRnCF.0) to 1. This will cause the timer to decrement with every timer clock/count event and underflow when the timer transitions from 0x0000 to
0xFFFF. Just as in overflows, the Overflow/Underflow Flag (TFn) will be set to 1, and an interrupt will occur
if enabled.
Rev. 1.2
305
C8051F58x/F59x
Counter/Timer with Capture mode is selected by setting the Capture/Reload Select bit CPRLn
(TMRnCN.0) and the Timer 4 and 5 Run Control bit TRn (TMRnCN.2) to logic 1. The Timer 4 and 5 respective External Enable EXENn (TMRnCN.3) must also be set to logic 1 to enable captures. If EXENn is
cleared, transitions on TnEX will be ignored.
TMRnCF
TTTTD
n nOnC
MMG O E
1 0 nEn
Toggle Logic
2
0xFF
0xFF
TMRnL
TMRnH
12
SYSCLK
External Clock
(XTAL1)
1
TCLK
1
TMRnCN
Crossbar
TRn
EXENn
TMRnCAPL TMRnCAPH
TnE
X
Tn
(Port Pin)
0
8
Tn
0
CP/RLn
C/Tn
TRn
EXENn
EXFn
TFn
Interrupt
Crossbar
Figure 27.10. Timer 4 and 5 Capture Mode Block Diagram
27.4.3. Auto-Reload Mode
In Auto-Reload mode, the counter/timer can be configured to count up or down and cause an interrupt/flag
to occur upon an overflow/underflow event. When counting up, the counter/timer will set its overflow/underflow flag (TFn) and cause an interrupt (if enabled) upon overflow/underflow, and the values in the
Reload/Capture Registers (TMRnCAPH and TMRnCAPL) are loaded into the timer and the timer is
restarted. When the Timer External Enable Bit (EXENn) bit is set to 1 and the Decrement Enable Bit
(DCENn) is 0, a falling edge (1-to-0 transition) on the TnEX pin will cause a timer reload. Note that timer
overflows will also cause auto-reloads. When DCENn is set to 1, the state of the TnEX pin controls
whether the counter/timer counts up (increments) or down (decrements), and will not cause an auto-reload
or interrupt event. See Section 27.4.1 for information concerning configuration of a timer to count down.
When counting down, the counter/timer will set its overflow/underflow flag (TFn) and cause an interrupt (if
enabled) when the value in the TMRnH and TMRnL registers matches the 16-bit value in the Reload/Capture Registers (TMRnCAPH and TMRnCAPL). This is considered an underflow event, and will cause the
timer to load the value 0xFFFF. The timer is automatically restarted when an underflow occurs.
Counter/Timer with Auto-Reload mode is selected by clearing the CPRLn bit. Setting TRn to logic 1
enables and starts the timer. In Auto-Reload Mode, the External Flag (EXFn) toggles upon every overflow
or underflow and does not cause an interrupt. The EXFn flag can be used as the most significant bit (MSB)
of a 17-bit counter.
306
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
TMRnCF
D
TTTT
E
n nOn
C
MMGO
E
1 0 nE
n
Toggle Logic
0
2
12
SYSCLK
External Clock
(XTAL1)
0xFF
TMRnL
TMRnH
1
OVF
TCLK
TMRnCN
Crossbar
TRn
EXENn
Reload
TnE
X
Tn
(Port Pin)
0
8
1
Tn
0xFF
Crossbar
TMRnCAPL TMRnCAPH
CP/RLn
C/Tn
TRn
EXENn
EXFn
TFn
Interrupt
Figure 27.11. Timer 4 and 5 Auto Reload and Toggle Mode Block Diagram
27.4.4. Toggle Output Mode
Timers 4 and 5 have the capability to toggle the state of their respective output port pins (T4 or T5) to produce a 50% duty cycle waveform output. The port pin state will change upon the overflow or underflow of
the respective timer (depending on whether the timer is counting up or down). The toggle frequency is
determined by the clock source of the timer and the values loaded into TMRnCAPH and TMRnCAPL.
When counting down, the auto-reload value for the timer is 0xFFFF, and underflow will occur when the
value in the timer matches the value stored in TMRnCAPH:TMRCAPL. When counting up, the auto-reload
value for the timer is TMRnCAPH:TMRCAPL, and overflow will occur when the value in the timer transitions from 0xFFFF to the reload value.
To output a square wave, the timer is placed in reload mode (the Capture/Reload Select Bit in TMRnCN
and the Timer/Counter Select Bit in TMRnCN are cleared to 0). The timer output is enabled by setting the
Timer Output Enable Bit in TMRnCF to 1. The timer should be configured via the timer clock source and
reload/underflow values such that the timer overflow/underflows at 1/2 the desired output frequency. The
port pin assigned by the crossbar as the timer’s output pin should be configured as a digital output (see
Section “20. Port Input/Output” on page 186). Setting the timer’s Run Bit (TRn) to 1 will start the toggle
of the pin. A Read/Write of the Timer’s Toggle Output State Bit (TMRnCF.2) is used to read the state of the
toggle output, or to force a value of the output. This is useful when it is desired to start the toggle of a pin in
a known state, or to force the pin into a desired state when the toggle mode is halted.
F TCLK
F sq = ---------------------------------------------------------------2   65536 – TMRnCAP 
Equation 27.1. Square Wave Frequency
Rev. 1.2
307
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 27.18. TMRnCN: Timer 4 and 5 Control
Bit
7
6
5
Name
TFn
EXFn
Type
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
4
3
2
1
0
EXEn
TRn
CTn
CPRLn
R/W
R/W
R/W
R
R/W
0
0
0
0
0
TMR4CN SFR Address = 0xC8; Bit-Addressable; SFR Page = 0x10
TMR5CN SFR Address = 0x91; SFR Page = 0x10;
Bit
Name
7
TFn
Function
Timer 4 and 5 16-bit Overflow/Underflow Flag.
Set by hardware when either the Timer overflows from 0xFFFF to 0x0000, underflows from the value placed in TMRnCAPH:TMRnCAPL to 0xFFFF (in Auto-reload
Mode), or underflows from 0x0000 to 0xFFFF (in Capture Mode). When the Timer
interrupt is enabled, setting this bit causes the CPU to vector to the Timer interrupt
service routine. This bit is not automatically cleared by hardware.
6
EXFn
Timer 4 and 5 External Flag.
Set by hardware when either a capture or reload is caused by a high-to-low transition
on the TnEX input pin and EXENn is logic 1. This bit is not automatically cleared by
hardware.
5:4
Reserved
3
EXEn
Must Write 00b.
Timer 4 and 5 External Enable.
Enables high-to-low transitions on TnEX to trigger captures, reloads, and control the
direction of the timer/counter (up or down count). If DCENn = 1, TnEX will determine
if the timer counts up or down when in Auto-reload Mode. If EXENn = 1, TnEX should
be configured as a digital input.
0: Transitions on the TnEX pin are ignored.
1: Transitions on the TnEX pin cause capture, reload, or control the direction of timer
count (up or down) as follows:
Capture Mode: ‘1’-to-’0’ Transition on TnEX pin causes TMRnCAPH:TMRnCAPL to
capture timer value.
Auto-Reload Mode: DCENn = 0: ‘1’-to-’0’ transition causes reload of timer and sets
the EXFn Flag. DCENn = 1: TnEX logic level controls direction of timer (up or down).
2
TRn
Timer 4 and 5 Run Control.
0: Timer is disabled.
1: Timer enabled and running / counting.
1
CTn
Timer 4 and 5 Counter / Timer Select.
0: Timer Function: Timer incremented by clocked defined in TnM1:TnM0 (TMRnCF).
1: Counter Function: Timer incremented by high-to-low transitions on TnEX pin.
0
CPRLn
Timer 4 and 5 Capture / Reload Select.
0: Timer is in Auto-Reload mode.
1: Timer is in Capture mode.
308
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 27.19. TMRnCF: Timer 4 and 5 Configuration
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
TnM[1:0]
Name
2
1
0
TOGn
TnOE
DCENn
Type
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
TMR4CF SFR Address = 0xC9; TMR5CF SFR Address = 0x96; SFR Page = 0x10;
Bit
Name
Function
7:5
Reserved
Must Write 000b.
4:3
TnM[1:0]
Timer 4 and 5 Clock Mode Select Bits.
00: Timer clock is SYSCLK / 12.
01: Timer clock is SYSCLK.
10: Timer clock is External Clock / 8 (synchronized to system clock).
11: Timer clock is SYSCLK / 2.
2
TOGn
Timer 4 and 5 Toggle Output State.
When Timer 4 or 5 are used to toggle a port pin, this bit can be used to read the state
of the output or can be written to force the state of the output.
1
TnOE
Timer 4 and 5 Output Enable.
This bit enables the timer to output a 50% duty cycle output to the timer’s assigned
external port pin.
The Timer is configured for Square Wave Output as follows:
CPRLn = 0.
CTn = 0.
TnOE = 1.
Load TMRnCAPH:TMRnCAPL.
0: Output of toggle mode not available at Timer’s assigned port pin.
1: Output of toggle mode available at Timer’s assigned port pin.
0
DCENn
Decrement Enable.
This bit enables the timer to count up or down as determined by the state of TnEX.
0: Timer will count up, regardless of the state of TnEX.
1: Timer will count up or down, depending on the state of TnEX as follows:
If TnEx = 0, the timer counts down.
If TnEx = 1, the timer counts up.
Rev. 1.2
309
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 27.20. TMRnCAPL: Timer 4 and 5 Capture Register Low Byte
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
Name
TMRnRLL[7:0]
Type
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
0
2
1
0
0
0
0
TMR4CAPL SFR Address = 0xCA; TMR5CAPL SFR Address = 0x92; SFR Page = 0x10
Bit
Name
Function
7:0
TMRnCAPL[7:0] Timer n Reload Register Low Byte.
TMRnCAPL captures the low byte of Timer 4 and 5 when Timer 4 and 5 are configured in capture mode. When Timer 4 and 5 are configured in auto-reload
mode, it holds the low byte of the reload value.
SFR Definition 27.21. TMRnCAPH: Timer 4 and 5 Capture Register High Byte
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
Name
TMRnRLH[7:0]
Type
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
0
2
1
0
0
0
0
TMR4CAPH SFR Address = 0xCB; TMR5CAPH SFR Address = 0x93; SFR Page = 0x10
Bit
Name
Function
7:0
TMRnCAPH[7:0] Timer n Reload Register High Byte.
TMRnCAPH captures the high byte of Timer 4 and 5 when Timer 4 and 5 are
configured in capture mode. When Timer 4 and 5 are configured in auto-reload
mode, it holds the high byte of the reload value.
310
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 27.22. TMRnL: Timer 4 and 5 Low Byte
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
Name
TMRnL[7:0]
Type
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
0
2
1
0
0
0
0
TMR4L SFR Address = 0xCC; TMR5L SFR Address = 0x94; SFR Page = 0x10
Bit
Name
Function
7:0
TMRnL[7:0] Timer n Low Byte.
In 16-bit mode, the TMRnL register contains the low byte of the 16-bit Timer n. In 8bit mode, TMRnL contains the 8-bit low byte timer value.
SFR Definition 27.23. TMRnH Timer 4 and 5 High Byte
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
Name
TMRnH[7:0]
Type
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
0
2
1
0
0
0
0
TMR4H SFR Address = 0xCD; TMR5H SFR Address = 0x95; SFR Page = 0x10
Bit
Name
Function
7:0
TMRnH[7:0] Timer n High Byte.
In 16-bit mode, the TMRnH register contains the high byte of the 16-bit Timer n. In 8bit mode, TMRnH contains the 8-bit high byte timer value.
Rev. 1.2
311
C8051F58x/F59x
28. Programmable Counter Array 0 (PCA0)
The Programmable Counter Array (PCA0) provides enhanced timer functionality while requiring less CPU
intervention than the standard 8051 counter/timers. PCA0 consists of a dedicated 16-bit counter/timer and
six 16-bit capture/compare modules. Each capture/compare module has its own associated I/O line
(CEXn) which is routed through the Crossbar to Port I/O when enabled. The counter/timer is driven by a
programmable timebase that can select between eight sources: system clock, system clock divided by
four, system clock divided by twelve, the external oscillator clock source divided by 8, Timer 0, 4, or 5 overflows, or an external clock signal on the ECI input pin. Each capture/compare module may be configured to
operate independently in one of six modes: Edge-Triggered Capture, Software Timer, High-Speed Output,
Frequency Output, 8 to 11-Bit PWM, or 16-Bit PWM (each mode is described in Section
“28.3. Capture/Compare Modules” on page 315). The external oscillator clock option is ideal for real-time
clock (RTC) functionality, allowing PCA0 to be clocked by a precision external oscillator while the internal
oscillator drives the system clock. PCA0 is configured and controlled through the system controller's Special Function Registers. The PCA0 block diagram is shown in Figure 28.1
Important Note: PCA0 Module 5 may be used as a watchdog timer (WDT), and is enabled in this mode
following a system reset. Access to certain PCA0 registers is restricted while WDT mode is enabled.
See Section 28.4 for details.
SYSCLK/12
SYSCLK/4
Timer 0 Overflow
PCA
CLOCK
MUX
ECI
SYSCLK
16-Bit Counter/Timer
External Clock/8
Timer 4 Overflow
Timer 5 Overflow
Capture/Compare
Module 0
Capture/Compare
Module 1
Capture/Compare
Module 2
Capture/Compare
Module 3
Figure 28.1. PCA0 Block Diagram
312
Rev. 1.2
Capture/Compare
Module 5 / WDT
CEX5
Port I/O
CEX4
CEX3
CEX2
CEX1
CEX0
ECI
Crossbar
Capture/Compare
Module 4
C8051F58x/F59x
28.1. PCA0 Counter/Timer
The 16-bit PCA0 counter/timer consists of two 8-bit SFRs: PCA0L and PCA0H. PCA0H is the high byte
(MSB) of the 16-bit counter/timer and PCA0L is the low byte (LSB). Reading PCA0L automatically latches
the value of PCA0H into a “snapshot” register; the following PCA0H read accesses this “snapshot” register.
Reading the PCA0L Register first guarantees an accurate reading of the entire 16-bit PCA0 counter.
Reading PCA0H or PCA0L does not disturb the counter operation. The CPS2–CPS0 bits in the PCA0MD
register select the timebase for the counter/timer as shown in Table 28.1.
When the counter/timer overflows from 0xFFFF to 0x0000, the Counter Overflow Flag (CF) in PCA0MD is
set to logic 1 and an interrupt request is generated if CF interrupts are enabled. Setting the ECF bit in
PCA0MD to logic 1 enables the CF flag to generate an interrupt request. The CF bit is not automatically
cleared by hardware when the CPU vectors to the interrupt service routine, and must be cleared by software. Clearing the CIDL bit in the PCA0MD register allows the PCA0 to continue normal operation while
the CPU is in Idle mode.
Table 28.1. PCA0 Timebase Input Options
CPS2
CPS1
CPS0
Timebase
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
System clock divided by 12.
System clock divided by 4.
Timer 0 overflow.
High-to-low transitions on ECI (max rate = system clock divided
by 4).
System clock.
External oscillator source divided by 8.*
Timer 4 Overflow.
Timer 5 Overflow.
*Note: External oscillator source divided by 8 is synchronized with the system clock.
IDLE
PCA0MD
C
I
D
L
W
D
T
E
W
D
L
C
K
C
P
S
2
C
P
S
1
C E
PC
S F
0
PCA0CN
CCC
F RC
F
5
C
C
F
4
C
C
F
3
C
C
F
2
C
C
F
1
C
C
F
0
To SFR Bus
PCA0L
read
Snapshot
Register
SYSCLK/12
SYSCLK/4
Timer 0 Overflow
ECI
SYSCLK
External Clock/8
Timer 4 Overflow
Timer 5 Overflow
000
001
010
0
011
1
PCA0H
PCA0L
Overflow
To PCA0 Interrupt System
CF
100
101
To PCA0 Modules
110
111
Figure 28.2. PCA0 Counter/Timer Block Diagram
Rev. 1.2
313
C8051F58x/F59x
28.2. PCA0 Interrupt Sources
Figure 28.3 shows a diagram of the PCA0 interrupt tree. There are five independent event flags that can
be used to generate a PCA0 interrupt. They are as follows: the main PCA0 counter overflow flag (CF),
which is set upon a 16-bit overflow of the PCA0 counter, an intermediate overflow flag (COVF), which can
be set on an overflow from the 8th, 9th, 10th, or 11th bit of the PCA0 counter, and the individual flags for
each PCA0 channel (CCF0, CCF1, CCF2, CCF3, CCF4 and CCF5), which are set according to the operation mode of that module. These event flags are always set when the trigger condition occurs. Each of
these flags can be individually selected to generate a PCA0 interrupt, using the corresponding interrupt
enable flag (ECF for CF, ECOV for COVF, and ECCFn for each CCFn). PCA0 interrupts must be globally
enabled before any individual interrupt sources are recognized by the processor. PCA0 interrupts are globally enabled by setting the EA bit and the EPCA0 bit to logic 1.
(for n = 0 to 2)
PCA0CPMn
PCA0CN
P ECCMT P E
WC A A AOWC
MOPP TGMC
1 MPN n n n F
6 n n n
n
n
CCCCCCCC
FRCCCCCC
FFFFFF
5 4 3 2 1 0
PCA0MD
C WW
I DD
DT L
L EC
K
PCA0PWM
A
R
S
E
L
CCCE
PPPC
SSSF
2 1 0
C
L
S
E
L
1
CE
OC
VO
FV
PCA0 Counter/Timer 8,
9, 10 or 11-bit Overflow
C
L
S
E
L
0
Set 8, 9, 10, or 11 bit Operation
0
PCA0 Counter/Timer 16bit Overflow
1
ECCF0
PCA Module 0
(CCF0)
0
1
EPCA0
0
0
1
1
1
ECCF1
0
PCA Module 1
(CCF1)
1
ECCF2
0
PCA Module 2
(CCF2)
1
ECCF3
0
PCA Module 3
(CCF3)
1
ECCF4
0
PCA Module 4
(CCF4)
1
ECCF5
PCA Module 5
(CCF5)
0
1
Figure 28.3. PCA0 Interrupt Block Diagram
314
EA
0
Rev. 1.2
Interrupt
Priority
Decoder
C8051F58x/F59x
28.3. Capture/Compare Modules
Each module can be configured to operate independently in one of six operation modes: Edge-triggered
Capture, Software Timer, High Speed Output, Frequency Output, 8 to 11-Bit Pulse Width Modulator, or 16Bit Pulse Width Modulator. Each module has Special Function Registers (SFRs) associated with it in the
CIP-51 system controller. These registers are used to exchange data with a module and configure the
module's mode of operation. Table 28.2 summarizes the bit settings in the PCA0CPMn and PCA0PWM
registers used to select the PCA0 capture/compare module’s operating mode. All modules set to use 8, 9,
10, or 11-bit PWM mode must use the same cycle length (8-11 bits). Setting the ECCFn bit in a
PCA0CPMn register enables the module's CCFn interrupt.
Table 28.2. PCA0CPM and PCA0PWM Bit Settings for
PCA0 Capture/Compare Modules
Operational Mode
PCA0CPMn
Bit Number
Capture triggered by positive edge on CEXn
Capture triggered by negative edge on CEXn
Capture triggered by any transition on CEXn
Software Timer
High Speed Output
Frequency Output
8-Bit Pulse Width Modulator (Note 7)
9-Bit Pulse Width Modulator (Note 7)
10-Bit Pulse Width Modulator (Note 7)
11-Bit Pulse Width Modulator (Note 7)
16-Bit Pulse Width Modulator
7
X
X
X
X
X
X
0
0
0
0
1
6
X
X
X
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
5
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
0
0
0
1
1
0
E
E
E
E
E
2
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
PCA0PWM
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
7
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
D
D
D
0
6
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
5
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
4–2 1–0
XXX XX
XXX XX
XXX XX
XXX XX
XXX XX
XXX XX
XXX 00
XXX 01
XXX 10
XXX 11
XXX XX
Notes:
1. X = Don’t Care (no functional difference for individual module if 1 or 0).
2. A = Enable interrupts for this module (PCA0 interrupt triggered on CCFn set to 1).
3. B = Enable 8th, 9th, 10th or 11th bit overflow interrupt (Depends on setting of CLSEL[1:0]).
4. C = When set to 0, the digital comparator is off. For high speed and frequency output modes, the
associated pin will not toggle. In any of the PWM modes, this generates a 0% duty cycle (output = 0).
5. D = Selects whether the Capture/Compare register (0) or the Auto-Reload register (1) for the associated
channel is accessed via addresses PCA0CPHn and PCA0CPLn.
6. E = When set, a match event will cause the CCFn flag for the associated channel to be set.
7. All modules set to 8, 9, 10 or 11-bit PWM mode use the same cycle length setting.
28.3.1. Edge-triggered Capture Mode
In this mode, a valid transition on the CEXn pin causes PCA0 to capture the value of the PCA0 counter/timer and load it into the corresponding module's 16-bit capture/compare register (PCA0CPLn and
PCA0CPHn). The CAPPn and CAPNn bits in the PCA0CPMn register are used to select the type of transition that triggers the capture: low-to-high transition (positive edge), high-to-low transition (negative edge),
or either transition (positive or negative edge). When a capture occurs, the Capture/Compare Flag (CCFn)
in PCA0CN is set to logic 1. An interrupt request is generated if the CCFn interrupt for that module is
enabled. The CCFn bit is not automatically cleared by hardware when the CPU vectors to the interrupt service routine, and must be cleared by software. If both CAPPn and CAPNn bits are set to logic 1, then the
state of the Port pin associated with CEXn can be read directly to determine whether a rising-edge or falling-edge caused the capture.
Rev. 1.2
315
C8051F58x/F59x
PCA0 Interrupt
PCA0CPMn
P ECCMT P E
WC A A AOWC
MOPP TGMC
1 MP N n n n F
6 n n n
n
n
0 0 0 x
(to CCFn)
x x
0
Port I/O
Crossbar
CEXn
PCA0CN
CCCCCCCC
FRCCCCCC
FFFFFF
5 4 3 2 1 0
1
PCA0CPLn
PCA0CPHn
Capture
0
1
PCA0
Timebase
PCA0L
PCA0H
Figure 28.4. PCA0 Capture Mode Diagram
Note: The CEXn input signal must remain high or low for at least 2 system clock cycles to be recognized by the
hardware.
28.3.2. Software Timer (Compare) Mode
In Software Timer mode, the PCA0 counter/timer value is compared to the module's 16-bit capture/compare register (PCA0CPHn and PCA0CPLn). When a match occurs, the Capture/Compare Flag (CCFn) in
PCA0CN is set to logic 1. An interrupt request is generated if the CCFn interrupt for that module is
enabled. The CCFn bit is not automatically cleared by hardware when the CPU vectors to the interrupt service routine, and must be cleared by software. Setting the ECOMn and MATn bits in the PCA0CPMn register enables Software Timer mode.
Important Note About Capture/Compare Registers: When writing a 16-bit value to the PCA0 Capture/Compare registers, the low byte should always be written first. Writing to PCA0CPLn clears the
ECOMn bit to 0; writing to PCA0CPHn sets ECOMn to 1.
316
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
Write to
PCA0CPLn
0
ENB
Reset
Write to
PCA0CPHn
PCA0 Interrupt
ENB
1
PCA0CPMn
P ECCMT P E
WC A A AOWC
MOPP TGMC
1 MP N n n n F
6 n n n
n
n
x
0 0
PCA0CN
PCA0CPLn
CCCCCCCC
FRCCCCCC
FFFFFF
2 1 0 2 1 0
PCA0CPHn
0 0 x
Enable
16-bit Comparator
PCA0
Timebase
PCA0L
Match
0
1
PCA0H
Figure 28.5. PCA0 Software Timer Mode Diagram
28.3.3. High-Speed Output Mode
In High-Speed Output mode, a module’s associated CEXn pin is toggled each time a match occurs
between the PCA0 Counter and the module's 16-bit capture/compare register (PCA0CPHn and
PCA0CPLn). When a match occurs, the Capture/Compare Flag (CCFn) in PCA0CN is set to logic 1. An
interrupt request is generated if the CCFn interrupt for that module is enabled. The CCFn bit is not automatically cleared by hardware when the CPU vectors to the interrupt service routine, and must be cleared
by software. Setting the TOGn, MATn, and ECOMn bits in the PCA0CPMn register enables the HighSpeed Output mode. If ECOMn is cleared, the associated pin will retain its state, and not toggle on the next
match event.
Important Note About Capture/Compare Registers: When writing a 16-bit value to the PCA0 Capture/Compare registers, the low byte should always be written first. Writing to PCA0CPLn clears the
ECOMn bit to 0; writing to PCA0CPHn sets ECOMn to 1.
Rev. 1.2
317
C8051F58x/F59x
Write to
PCA0CPLn
0
ENB
Reset
Write to
PCA0CPHn
PCA0CPMn
P ECCMT P E
WC A A AOWC
MOPP TGMC
1 MPN n n n F
6 n n n
n
n
ENB
1
x
0 0
0 x
PCA0 Interrupt
PCA0CN
PCA0CPLn
Enable
CCCCCCCC
FRCCCCCC
FFFFFF
5 4 3 2 1 0
PCA0CPHn
16-bit Comparator
Match
0
1
TOGn
Toggle
PCA0
Timebase
0 CEXn
1
PCA0L
Crossbar
Port I/O
PCA0H
Figure 28.6. PCA0 High-Speed Output Mode Diagram
28.3.4. Frequency Output Mode
Frequency Output Mode produces a programmable-frequency square wave on the module’s associated
CEXn pin. The capture/compare module high byte holds the number of PCA0 clocks to count before the
output is toggled. The frequency of the square wave is then defined by Equation 28.1.
F PCA
F CEXn = ------------------------------------------2  PCA0CPHn
Note: A value of 0x00 in the PCA0CPHn register is equal to 256 for this equation.
Equation 28.1. Square Wave Frequency Output
Where FPCA is the frequency of the clock selected by the CPS2–0 bits in the PCA0 mode register,
PCA0MD. The lower byte of the capture/compare module is compared to the PCA0 counter low byte; on a
match, CEXn is toggled and the offset held in the high byte is added to the matched value in PCA0CPLn.
Frequency Output Mode is enabled by setting the ECOMn, TOGn, and PWMn bits in the PCA0CPMn register. Note that the MATn bit should normally be set to 0 in this mode. If the MATn bit is set to 1, the CCFn
flag for the channel will be set when the 16-bit PCA0 counter and the 16-bit capture/compare register for
the channel are equal.
318
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
Write to
PCA0CPLn
0
ENB
Reset
PCA0CPMn
Write to
PCA0CPHn
ENB
1
P ECCMT P E
WC A A AOWC
MOPP TGMC
1 MP N n n n F
6 n n n
n
n
x
0 0 0
PCA0CPLn
8-bit Adder
PCA0CPHn
Adder
Enable
TOGn
Toggle
x
Enable
PCA0 Timebase
8-bit
Comparator
match
0 CEXn
1
Crossbar
Port I/O
PCA0L
Figure 28.7. PCA0 Frequency Output Mode
28.3.5. 8-bit, 9-bit, 10-bit and 11-bit Pulse Width Modulator Modes
Each module can be used independently to generate a pulse width modulated (PWM) output on its associated CEXn pin. The frequency of the output is dependent on the timebase for the PCA0 counter/timer, and
the setting of the PWM cycle length (8, 9, 10 or 11-bits). For backwards-compatibility with the 8-bit PWM
mode available on other devices, the 8-bit PWM mode operates slightly different than 9, 10 and 11-bit
PWM modes. It is important to note that all channels configured for 8/9/10/11-bit PWM mode will use
the same cycle length. It is not possible to configure one channel for 8-bit PWM mode and another for 11bit mode (for example). However, other PCA0 channels can be configured to Pin Capture, High-Speed
Output, Software Timer, Frequency Output, or 16-bit PWM mode independently.
28.3.5.1. 8-bit Pulse Width Modulator Mode
The duty cycle of the PWM output signal in 8-bit PWM mode is varied using the module's PCA0CPLn capture/compare register. When the value in the low byte of the PCA0 counter/timer (PCA0L) is equal to the
value in PCA0CPLn, the output on the CEXn pin will be set. When the count value in PCA0L overflows, the
CEXn output will be reset (see Figure 28.8). Also, when the counter/timer low byte (PCA0L) overflows from
0xFF to 0x00, PCA0CPLn is reloaded automatically with the value stored in the module’s capture/compare
high byte (PCA0CPHn) without software intervention. Setting the ECOMn and PWMn bits in the
PCA0CPMn register, and setting the CLSEL bits in register PCA0PWM to 00b enables 8-Bit Pulse Width
Modulator mode. If the MATn bit is set to 1, the CCFn flag for the module will be set each time an 8-bit
comparator match (rising edge) occurs. The COVF flag in PCA0PWM can be used to detect the overflow
(falling edge), which will occur every 256 PCA0 clock cycles. The duty cycle for 8-Bit PWM Mode is given
in Equation 28.2.
Important Note About Capture/Compare Registers: When writing a 16-bit value to the PCA0 Capture/Compare registers, the low byte should always be written first. Writing to PCA0CPLn clears the
ECOMn bit to 0; writing to PCA0CPHn sets ECOMn to 1.
 256 – PCA0CPHn 
Duty Cycle = ------------------------------------------------------256
Equation 28.2. 8-Bit PWM Duty Cycle
Using Equation 28.2, the largest duty cycle is 100% (PCA0CPHn = 0), and the smallest duty cycle is
0.39% (PCA0CPHn = 0xFF). A 0% duty cycle may be generated by clearing the ECOMn bit to 0.
Rev. 1.2
319
C8051F58x/F59x
Write to
PCA0CPLn
0
ENB
Reset
PCA0CPHn
Write to
PCA0CPHn
ENB
COVF
1
PCA0PWM
A
R
S
E
L
EC
CO
OV
VF
0
x
C
L
S
E
L
1
PCA0CPMn
C
L
S
E
L
0
0 0
P ECCMT P E
WC A A AOWC
MOPP TGMC
1 MPN n n n F
6 n n n
n
n
0
0 0 x 0
PCA0CPLn
x
Enable
8-bit
Comparator
match
S
R
PCA0 Timebase
SET
CLR
Q
CEXn
Crossbar
Port I/O
Q
PCA0L
Overflow
Figure 28.8. PCA0 8-Bit PWM Mode Diagram
28.3.5.2. 9/10/11-bit Pulse Width Modulator Mode
The duty cycle of the PWM output signal in 9/10/11-bit PWM mode should be varied by writing to an “AutoReload” Register, which is dual-mapped into the PCA0CPHn and PCA0CPLn register locations. The data
written to define the duty cycle should be right-justified in the registers. The auto-reload registers are
accessed (read or written) when the bit ARSEL in PCA0PWM is set to 1. The capture/compare registers
are accessed when ARSEL is set to 0.
When the least-significant N bits of the PCA0 counter match the value in the associated module’s capture/compare register (PCA0CPn), the output on CEXn is asserted high. When the counter overflows from
the Nth bit, CEXn is asserted low (see Figure 28.9). Upon an overflow from the Nth bit, the COVF flag is
set, and the value stored in the module’s auto-reload register is loaded into the capture/compare register.
The value of N is determined by the CLSEL bits in register PCA0PWM.
The 9, 10 or 11-bit PWM mode is selected by setting the ECOMn and PWMn bits in the PCA0CPMn register, and setting the CLSEL bits in register PCA0PWM to the desired cycle length (other than 8-bits). If the
MATn bit is set to 1, the CCFn flag for the module will be set each time a comparator match (rising edge)
occurs. The COVF flag in PCA0PWM can be used to detect the overflow (falling edge), which will occur
every 512 (9-bit), 1024 (10-bit) or 2048 (11-bit) PCA0 clock cycles. The duty cycle for 9/10/11-Bit PWM
Mode is given in Equation 28.2, where N is the number of bits in the PWM cycle.
Important Note About PCA0CPHn and PCA0CPLn Registers: When writing a 16-bit value to the
PCA0CPn registers, the low byte should always be written first. Writing to PCA0CPLn clears the ECOMn
bit to 0; writing to PCA0CPHn sets ECOMn to 1.
 2 N – PCA0CPn 
Duty Cycle = -----------------------------------------------2N
Equation 28.3. 9, 10, and 11-Bit PWM Duty Cycle
A 0% duty cycle may be generated by clearing the ECOMn bit to 0.
320
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
Write to
PCA0CPLn
0
R/W when
ARSEL = 1
ENB
Reset
Write to
PCA0CPHn
(Auto-Reload)
PCA0PWM
PCA0CPH:Ln
A
R
S
E
L
(right-justified)
ENB
1
C
L
S
E
L
1
EC
CO
OV
VF
PCA0CPMn
P ECCMT P E
WC A A AOWC
MOPP TGMC
1 MP N n n n F
6 n n n
n
n
0
0 0 x 0
R/W when
ARSEL = 0
C
L
S
E
L
0
x
(Capture/Compare)
Set “N” bits:
01 = 9 bits
10 = 10 bits
11 = 11 bits
PCA0CPH:Ln
(right-justified)
x
Enable
N-bit Comparator
match
S
R
PCA0 Timebase
SET
CLR
Q
CEXn
Crossbar
Port I/O
Q
PCA0H:L
Overflow of Nth Bit
Figure 28.9. PCA0 9, 10 and 11-Bit PWM Mode Diagram
28.3.6. 16-Bit Pulse Width Modulator Mode
A PCA0 module may also be operated in 16-Bit PWM mode. 16-bit PWM mode is independent of the other
(8/9/10/11-bit) PWM modes. In this mode, the 16-bit capture/compare module defines the number of PCA0
clocks for the low time of the PWM signal. When the PCA0 counter matches the module contents, the output on CEXn is asserted high; when the 16-bit counter overflows, CEXn is asserted low. To output a varying duty cycle, new value writes should be synchronized with PCA0 CCFn match interrupts. 16-Bit PWM
Mode is enabled by setting the ECOMn, PWMn, and PWM16n bits in the PCA0CPMn register. For a varying duty cycle, match interrupts should be enabled (ECCFn = 1 AND MATn = 1) to help synchronize the
capture/compare register writes. If the MATn bit is set to 1, the CCFn flag for the module will be set each
time a 16-bit comparator match (rising edge) occurs. The CF flag in PCA0CN can be used to detect the
overflow (falling edge). The duty cycle for 16-Bit PWM Mode is given by Equation 28.4.
Important Note About Capture/Compare Registers: When writing a 16-bit value to the PCA0 Capture/Compare registers, the low byte should always be written first. Writing to PCA0CPLn clears the
ECOMn bit to 0; writing to PCA0CPHn sets ECOMn to 1.
 65536 – PCA0CPn 
Duty Cycle = --------------------------------------------------------65536
Equation 28.4. 16-Bit PWM Duty Cycle
Using Equation 28.4, the largest duty cycle is 100% (PCA0CPn = 0), and the smallest duty cycle is
0.0015% (PCA0CPn = 0xFFFF). A 0% duty cycle may be generated by clearing the ECOMn bit to 0.
Rev. 1.2
321
C8051F58x/F59x
Write to
PCA0CPLn
0
ENB
Reset
Write to
PCA0CPHn
ENB
1
PCA0CPMn
P ECCMT P E
WC A A AOWC
MOPP TGMC
1 MP N n n n F
6 n n n
n
n
1
0 0 x 0
PCA0CPHn
PCA0CPLn
x
Enable
16-bit Comparator
match
S
R
PCA0 Timebase
PCA0H
SET
CLR
Q
CEXn
Crossbar
Port I/O
Q
PCA0L
Overflow
Figure 28.10. PCA0 16-Bit PWM Mode
28.4. Watchdog Timer Mode
A programmable watchdog timer (WDT) function is available through the PCA0 Module 5. The WDT is
used to generate a reset if the time between writes to the WDT update register (PCA0CPH2) exceed a
specified limit. The WDT can be configured and enabled/disabled as needed by software.
With the WDTE bit set in the PCA0MD register, Module 5 operates as a watchdog timer (WDT). The Module 2 high byte is compared to the PCA0 counter high byte; the Module 2 low byte holds the offset to be
used when WDT updates are performed. The Watchdog Timer is enabled on reset. Writes to some
PCA0 registers are restricted while the Watchdog Timer is enabled. The WDT will generate a reset
shortly after code begins execution. To avoid this reset, the WDT should be explicitly disabled (and optionally re-configured and re-enabled if it is used in the system).
28.4.1. Watchdog Timer Operation
While the WDT is enabled:






PCA0 counter is forced on.
Writes to PCA0L and PCA0H are not allowed.
PCA0 clock source bits (CPS2–CPS0) are frozen.
PCA0 Idle control bit (CIDL) is frozen.
PCA0 Module 5 is forced into software timer mode.
Writes to the Module 5 mode register (PCA0CPM5) are disabled.
While the WDT is enabled, writes to the CR bit will not change the PCA0 counter state; the counter will run
until the WDT is disabled. The PCA0 counter run control bit (CR) will read zero if the WDT is enabled but
user software has not enabled the PCA0 counter. If a match occurs between PCA0CPH5 and PCA0H
while the WDT is enabled, a reset will be generated. To prevent a WDT reset, the WDT may be updated
with a write of any value to PCA0CPH5. Upon a PCA0CPH5 write, PCA0H plus the offset held in
PCA0CPL5 is loaded into PCA0CPH5 (See Figure 28.11).
322
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
PCA0MD
CWW
I D D
D T L
L E C
K
CCCE
PPPC
SSSF
2 1 0
PCA0CPH5
8-bit
Comparator
Enable
PCA0CPL5
8-bit Adder
PCA0H
Match
Reset
PCA0L Overflow
Adder
Enable
Write to
PCA0CPH2
Figure 28.11. PCA0 Module 5 with Watchdog Timer Enabled
Note that the 8-bit offset held in PCA0CPH5 is compared to the upper byte of the 16-bit PCA0 counter.
This offset value is the number of PCA0L overflows before a reset. Up to 256 PCA0 clocks may pass
before the first PCA0L overflow occurs, depending on the value of the PCA0L when the update is performed. The total offset is then given (in PCA0 clocks) by Equation 28.5, where PCA0L is the value of the
PCA0L register at the time of the update.
Offset =  256
x PCA0CPL5  +  256 – PCA0L 
Equation 28.5. Watchdog Timer Offset in PCA0 Clocks
The WDT reset is generated when PCA0L overflows while there is a match between PCA0CPH5 and
PCA0H. Software may force a WDT reset by writing a 1 to the CCF5 flag (PCA0CN.5) while the WDT is
enabled.
28.4.2. Watchdog Timer Usage
To configure the WDT, perform the following tasks:






Disable the WDT by writing a 0 to the WDTE bit.
Select the desired PCA0 clock source (with the CPS2–CPS0 bits).
Load PCA0CPL5 with the desired WDT update offset value.
Configure the PCA0 Idle mode (set CIDL if the WDT should be suspended while the CPU is in Idle
mode).
Enable the WDT by setting the WDTE bit to 1.
Reset the WDT timer by writing to PCA0CPH5.
Rev. 1.2
323
C8051F58x/F59x
The PCA0 clock source and Idle mode select cannot be changed while the WDT is enabled. The watchdog
timer is enabled by setting the WDTE or WDLCK bits in the PCA0MD register. When WDLCK is set, the
WDT cannot be disabled until the next system reset. If WDLCK is not set, the WDT is disabled by clearing
the WDTE bit.
The WDT is enabled following any reset. The PCA0 counter clock defaults to the system clock divided by
12, PCA0L defaults to 0x00, and PCA0CPL5 defaults to 0x00. Using Equation 28.5, this results in a WDT
timeout interval of 256 PCA0 clock cycles, or 3072 system clock cycles. Table 28.3 lists some example
timeout intervals for typical system clocks.
Table 28.3. Watchdog Timer Timeout Intervals1
System Clock (Hz)
PCA0CPL5
Timeout Interval (ms)
24,000,000
24,000,000
24,000,000
3,000,000
3,000,000
3,000,000
187,5002
187,5002
187,5002
255
128
32
255
128
32
255
128
32
32.8
16.5
4.2
262.1
132.1
33.8
4194
2114
541
Notes:
1. Assumes SYSCLK/12 as the PCA0 clock source, and a PCA0L
value of 0x00 at the update time.
2. Internal SYSCLK reset frequency = Internal Oscillator divided by
128.
324
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
28.5. Register Descriptions for PCA0
Following are detailed descriptions of the special function registers related to the operation of the PCA.
SFR Definition 28.1. PCA0CN: PCA0 Control
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Name
CF
CR
CCF5
CCF4
CCF3
CCF2
CCF1
CCF0
Type
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0xD8; Bit-Addressable; SFR Page = 0x00
Bit
Name
Function
7
CF
PCA0 Counter/Timer Overflow Flag.
Set by hardware when the PCA0 Counter/Timer overflows from 0xFFFF to 0x0000.
When the Counter/Timer Overflow (CF) interrupt is enabled, setting this bit causes the
CPU to vector to the PCA0 interrupt service routine. This bit is not automatically
cleared by hardware and must be cleared by software.
6
CR
PCA0 Counter/Timer Run Control.
This bit enables/disables the PCA0 Counter/Timer.
0: PCA0 Counter/Timer disabled.
1: PCA0 Counter/Timer enabled.
5
CCF5
PCA0 Module 5 Capture/Compare Flag.
This bit is set by hardware when a match or capture occurs. When the CCF5 interrupt
is enabled, setting this bit causes the CPU to vector to the PCA0 interrupt service routine. This bit is not automatically cleared by hardware and must be cleared by software.
4
CCF4
PCA0 Module 4 Capture/Compare Flag.
This bit is set by hardware when a match or capture occurs. When the CCF4 interrupt
is enabled, setting this bit causes the CPU to vector to the PCA0 interrupt service routine. This bit is not automatically cleared by hardware and must be cleared by software.
3
CCF3
PCA0 Module 3 Capture/Compare Flag.
This bit is set by hardware when a match or capture occurs. When the CCF3 interrupt
is enabled, setting this bit causes the CPU to vector to the PCA0 interrupt service routine. This bit is not automatically cleared by hardware and must be cleared by software.
2
CCF2
PCA0 Module 2 Capture/Compare Flag.
This bit is set by hardware when a match or capture occurs. When the CCF2 interrupt
is enabled, setting this bit causes the CPU to vector to the PCA0 interrupt service routine. This bit is not automatically cleared by hardware and must be cleared by software.
1
CCF1
PCA0 Module 1 Capture/Compare Flag.
This bit is set by hardware when a match or capture occurs. When the CCF1 interrupt
is enabled, setting this bit causes the CPU to vector to the PCA0 interrupt service routine. This bit is not automatically cleared by hardware and must be cleared by software.
0
CCF0
PCA0 Module 0 Capture/Compare Flag.
This bit is set by hardware when a match or capture occurs. When the CCF0 interrupt
is enabled, setting this bit causes the CPU to vector to the PCA0 interrupt service routine. This bit is not automatically cleared by hardware and must be cleared by software.
Rev. 1.2
325
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 28.2. PCA0MD: PCA0 Mode
Bit
7
6
5
Name
CIDL
WDTE
WDLCK
Type
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset
0
1
0
4
3
2
1
0
CPS2
CPS1
CPS0
ECF
R
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
0
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0xD9; SFR Page = 0x00
Bit
Name
7
CIDL
Function
PCA0 Counter/Timer Idle Control.
Specifies PCA0 behavior when CPU is in Idle Mode.
0: PCA0 continues to function normally while the system controller is in Idle Mode.
1: PCA0 operation is suspended while the system controller is in Idle Mode.
6
WDTE
Watchdog Timer Enable
If this bit is set, PCA0 Module 5 is used as the watchdog timer.
0: Watchdog Timer disabled.
1: PCA0 Module 5 enabled as Watchdog Timer.
5
WDLCK
Watchdog Timer Lock
This bit locks/unlocks the Watchdog Timer Enable. When WDLCK is set, the Watchdog
Timer may not be disabled until the next system reset.
0: Watchdog Timer Enable unlocked.
1: Watchdog Timer Enable locked.
4
3:1
Unused
Read = 0b, Write = Don't care.
CPS[2:0] PCA0 Counter/Timer Pulse Select.
These bits select the timebase source for the PCA0 counter
000: System clock divided by 12
001: System clock divided by 4
010: Timer 0 overflow
011: High-to-low transitions on ECI (max rate = system clock divided by 4)
100: System clock
101: External clock divided by 8 (synchronized with the system clock)
110: Timer 4 overflow
111: Timer 5 overflow
0
ECF
PCA0 Counter/Timer Overflow Interrupt Enable.
This bit sets the masking of the PCA0 Counter/Timer Overflow (CF) interrupt.
0: Disable the CF interrupt.
1: Enable a PCA0 Counter/Timer Overflow interrupt request when CF (PCA0CN.7) is
set.
Note: When the WDTE bit is set to 1, the other bits in the PCA0MD register cannot be modified. To change the
contents of the PCA0MD register, the Watchdog Timer must first be disabled.
326
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 28.3. PCA0PWM: PCA0 PWM Configuration
Bit
7
6
5
4
Name
ARSEL
ECOV
COVF
Type
R/W
R/W
R/W
R
R
R
Reset
0
0
0
0
0
0
ARSEL
2
1
0
CLSEL[1:0]
SFR Address = 0xD9; SFR Page = 0x0F
Bit
Name
7
3
R/W
0
0
Function
Auto-Reload Register Select.
This bit selects whether to read and write the normal PCA0 capture/compare registers
(PCA0CPn), or the Auto-Reload registers at the same SFR addresses. This function
is used to define the reload value for 9, 10, and 11-bit PWM modes. In all other
modes, the Auto-Reload registers have no function.
0: Read/Write Capture/Compare Registers at PCA0CPHn and PCA0CPLn.
1: Read/Write Auto-Reload Registers at PCA0CPHn and PCA0CPLn.
6
ECOV
Cycle Overflow Interrupt Enable.
This bit sets the masking of the Cycle Overflow Flag (COVF) interrupt.
0: COVF will not generate PCA0 interrupts.
1: A PCA0 interrupt will be generated when COVF is set.
5
COVF
Cycle Overflow Flag.
This bit indicates an overflow of the 8th, 9th, 10th, or 11th bit of the main PCA0 counter (PCA0). The specific bit used for this flag depends on the setting of the Cycle
Length Select bits. The bit can be set by hardware or software, but must be cleared by
software.
0: No overflow has occurred since the last time this bit was cleared.
1: An overflow has occurred since the last time this bit was cleared.
4:2
Unused
Read = 000b; Write = Don’t care.
1:0 CLSEL[1:0] Cycle Length Select.
When 16-bit PWM mode is not selected, these bits select the length of the PWM
cycle, between 8, 9, 10, or 11 bits. This affects all channels configured for PWM which
are not using 16-bit PWM mode. These bits are ignored for individual channels configured to16-bit PWM mode.
00: 8 bits.
01: 9 bits.
10: 10 bits.
11: 11 bits.
Rev. 1.2
327
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 28.4. PCA0CPMn: PCA0 Capture/Compare Mode
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Name
PWM16n
ECOMn
CAPPn
CAPNn
MATn
TOGn
PWMn
ECCFn
Type
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
SFR Addresses: PCA0CPM0 = 0xDA, PCA0CPM1 = 0xDB, PCA0CPM2 = 0xDC; PCA0CPM3 = 0xDD,
PCA0CPM4 = 0xDE, PCA0CPM5 = 0xDF, SFR Page (all registers) = 0x00
Bit
Name
Function
7
PWM16n 16-bit Pulse Width Modulation Enable.
This bit enables 16-bit mode when Pulse Width Modulation mode is enabled.
0: 8 to 11-bit PWM selected.
1: 16-bit PWM selected.
6
ECOMn
Comparator Function Enable.
This bit enables the comparator function for PCA0 module n when set to 1.
5
CAPPn
Capture Positive Function Enable.
This bit enables the positive edge capture for PCA0 module n when set to 1.
4
CAPNn
Capture Negative Function Enable.
This bit enables the negative edge capture for PCA0 module n when set to 1.
3
MATn
Match Function Enable.
This bit enables the match function for PCA0 module n when set to 1. When enabled,
matches of the PCA0 counter with a module's capture/compare register cause the
CCFn bit in PCA0MD register to be set to logic 1.
2
TOGn
Toggle Function Enable.
This bit enables the toggle function for PCA0 module n when set to 1. When enabled,
matches of the PCA0 counter with a module's capture/compare register cause the logic
level on the CEXn pin to toggle. If the PWMn bit is also set to logic 1, the module operates in Frequency Output Mode.
1
PWMn
Pulse Width Modulation Mode Enable.
This bit enables the PWM function for PCA0 module n when set to 1. When enabled, a
pulse width modulated signal is output on the CEXn pin. 8 to 11-bit PWM is used if
PWM16n is cleared; 16-bit mode is used if PWM16n is set to logic 1. If the TOGn bit is
also set, the module operates in Frequency Output Mode.
0
ECCFn
Capture/Compare Flag Interrupt Enable.
This bit sets the masking of the Capture/Compare Flag (CCFn) interrupt.
0: Disable CCFn interrupts.
1: Enable a Capture/Compare Flag interrupt request when CCFn is set.
Note: When the WDTE bit is set to 1, the PCA0CPM5 register cannot be modified, and module 5 acts as the
watchdog timer. To change the contents of the PCA0CPM5 register or the function of module 5, the Watchdog
Timer must be disabled.
328
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 28.5. PCA0L: PCA0 Counter/Timer Low Byte
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
PCA0[7:0]
Name
Type
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0xF9; SFR Page = 0x00
Bit
Name
7:0
Function
PCA0[7:0] PCA0 Counter/Timer Low Byte.
The PCA0L register holds the low byte (LSB) of the 16-bit PCA0 Counter/Timer.
Note: When the WDTE bit is set to 1, the PCA0L register cannot be modified by software. To change the contents of
the PCA0L register, the Watchdog Timer must first be disabled.
SFR Definition 28.6. PCA0H: PCA0 Counter/Timer High Byte
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
PCA0[15:8]
Name
Type
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0xFA; SFR Page = 0x00
Bit
Name
7:0
Function
PCA0[15:8] PCA0 Counter/Timer High Byte.
The PCA0H register holds the high byte (MSB) of the 16-bit PCA0 Counter/Timer.
Reads of this register will read the contents of a “snapshot” register, whose contents
are updated only when the contents of PCA0L are read (see Section 28.1).
Note: When the WDTE bit is set to 1, the PCA0H register cannot be modified by software. To change the contents of
the PCA0H register, the Watchdog Timer must first be disabled.
Rev. 1.2
329
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 28.7. PCA0CPLn: PCA0 Capture Module Low Byte
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
PCA0CPn[7:0]
Name
Type
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
SFR Addresses: PCA0CPL0 = 0xFB, PCA0CPL1 = 0xE9, PCA0CPL2 = 0xEB, PCA0CPL3 = 0xED,
PCA0CPL4 = 0xFD, PCA0CPL5 = 0xCE; SFR Page (all registers) = 0x00
Bit
Name
Function
7:0
PCA0CPn[7:0] PCA0 Capture Module Low Byte.
The PCA0CPLn register holds the low byte (LSB) of the 16-bit capture module n.
This register address also allows access to the low byte of the corresponding
PCA0 channel’s auto-reload value for 9, 10, or 11-bit PWM mode. The ARSEL bit
in register PCA0PWM controls which register is accessed.
Note: A write to this register will clear the module’s ECOMn bit to a 0.
SFR Definition 28.8. PCA0CPHn: PCA0 Capture Module High Byte
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
PCA0CPn[15:8]
Name
Type
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
SFR Addresses: PCA0CPH0 = 0xFC, PCA0CPH1 = 0xEA, PCA0CPH2 = 0xEC, PCA0CPH3 = 0xEE,
PCA0CPH4 = 0xFE, PCA0CPH5 = 0xCF; SFR Page (all registers) = 0x00
Bit
Name
Function
7:0 PCA0CPn[15:8] PCA0 Capture Module High Byte.
The PCA0CPHn register holds the high byte (MSB) of the 16-bit capture module n.
This register address also allows access to the high byte of the corresponding
PCA0 channel’s auto-reload value for 9, 10, or 11-bit PWM mode. The ARSEL bit
in register PCA0PWM controls which register is accessed.
Note: A write to this register will set the module’s ECOMn bit to a 1.
330
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
29. Programmable Counter Array 1 (PCA1)
The Programmable Counter Array (PCA1) provides enhanced timer functionality while requiring less CPU
intervention than the standard 8051 counter/timers. PCA1 consists of a dedicated 16-bit counter/timer and
six 16-bit capture/compare modules. Each capture/compare module has its own associated I/O line
(CEXn) which is routed through the Crossbar to Port I/O when enabled. The counter/timer is driven by a
programmable timebase that can select between eight sources: system clock, system clock divided by
four, system clock divided by twelve, the external oscillator clock source divided by 8, Timer 0, 4, or 5 overflows, or an external clock signal on the ECI input pin. Each capture/compare module may be configured to
operate independently in one of six modes: Edge-Triggered Capture, Software Timer, High-Speed Output,
Frequency Output, 8 to 11-Bit PWM, or 16-Bit PWM (each mode is described in Section
“29.3. Capture/Compare Modules” on page 334). The external oscillator clock option is ideal for real-time
clock (RTC) functionality, allowing PCA1 to be clocked by a precision external oscillator while the internal
oscillator drives the system clock. PCA1 is configured and controlled through the system controller's Special Function Registers. The PCA1 block diagram is shown in Figure 29.1
Note: PCA0 and PCA1 are fully independent peripherals. PCA0 offers channels CEX0 - CEX5, and PCA1 offers
channels CEX6-CEX11. PCA0 and PCA1 are identical, except that PCA0 Module 5 may be used as a
watchdog timer.
SYSCLK/12
SYSCLK/4
Timer 0 Overflow
ECI1
PCA1
CLOCK
MUX
SYSCLK
16-Bit Counter/Timer
External Clock/8
Timer 4 Overflow
Timer 5 Overflow
Capture/Compare
Module 6
Capture/Compare
Module 7
Capture/Compare
Module 8
Capture/Compare
Module 9
Capture/Compare
Module 10
Capture/Compare
Module 11
CEX11
CEX10
CEX9
CEX8
CEX7
CEX6
ECI1
Crossbar
Port I/O
Figure 29.1. PCA1 Block Diagram
Rev. 1.2
331
C8051F58x/F59x
29.1. PCA1 Counter/Timer
The 16-bit PCA1 counter/timer consists of two 8-bit SFRs: PCA1L and PCA1H. PCA1H is the high byte
(MSB) of the 16-bit counter/timer and PCA1L is the low byte (LSB). Reading PCA1L automatically latches
the value of PCA1H into a “snapshot” register; the following PCA1H read accesses this “snapshot” register.
Reading the PCA1L Register first guarantees an accurate reading of the entire 16-bit PCA1 counter.
Reading PCA1H or PCA1L does not disturb the counter operation. The CPS12–CPS10 bits in the
PCA1MD register select the timebase for the counter/timer as shown in Table 29.1.
When the counter/timer overflows from 0xFFFF to 0x0000, the Counter Overflow Flag (CF1) in PCA1MD is
set to logic 1 and an interrupt request is generated if CF1 interrupts are enabled. Setting the ECF1 bit in
PCA1MD to logic 1 enables the CF1 flag to generate an interrupt request. The CF1 bit is not automatically
cleared by hardware when the CPU vectors to the interrupt service routine, and must be cleared by software. Clearing the CIDL1 bit in the PCA1MD register allows the PCA1 to continue normal operation while
the CPU is in Idle mode.
Table 29.1. PCA1 Timebase Input Options
CPS12
CPS11
CPS10
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
Timebase
System clock divided by 12.
System clock divided by 4.
Timer 0 overflow.
High-to-low transitions on ECI1 (max rate = system clock
divided by 4).
System clock.
External oscillator source divided by 8.*
Timer 4 Overflow.
Timer 5 Overflow.
*Note: External oscillator source divided by 8 is synchronized with the system clock.
IDLE
PCA1MD
C
I
D
L
1
C
P
S
1
2
C
P
S
1
1
C
P
S
1
0
PCA1CN
E
C
F
1
CCCC
F RCC
1 1 F F
1 1
1 0
C
C
F
9
C
C
F
8
C
C
F
7
C
C
F
6
To SFR Bus
PCA1L
read
Snapshot
Register
SYSCLK/12
SYSCLK/4
Timer 0 Overflow
ECI1
SYSCLK
External Clock/8
SYSCLK
External Clock/8
000
001
010
0
011
1
PCA1H
PCA1L
Overflow
CF1
100
101
To PCA1 Modules
110
111
Figure 29.2. PCA1 Counter/Timer Block Diagram
332
To PCA1 Interrupt System
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
29.2. PCA1 Interrupt Sources
Figure 29.3 shows a diagram of the PCA1 interrupt tree. There are five independent event flags that can
be used to generate a PCA1 interrupt. They are as follows: the main PCA1 counter overflow flag (CF1),
which is set upon a 16-bit overflow of the PCA1 counter, an intermediate overflow flag (COVF1), which can
be set on an overflow from the 8th, 9th, 10th, or 11th bit of the PCA1 counter, and the individual flags for
each PCA1 channel (CCF6, CCF7, CCF8, CCF9, CCF10 and CCF11), which are set according to the
operation mode of that module. These event flags are always set when the trigger condition occurs. Each
of these flags can be individually selected to generate a PCA1 interrupt, using the corresponding interrupt
enable flag (ECF1 for CF1, ECOV1 for COVF1, and ECCF1n for each CCFn). PCA1 interrupts must be
globally enabled before any individual interrupt sources are recognized by the processor. PCA1 interrupts
are globally enabled by setting the EA bit and the EPCA1 bit to logic 1.
(for n = 0 to 2)
PCA1CPMn
P ECCMT P E
WC A A AOWC
MOPP TGMC
1 MPN n 1 1 F
6 1 1 1 1 n n 1
1 n n n
n
n
PCA1CN
CCCCCCCC
FRCCCCCC
1 1 F F F F FF
1 1 9 8 7 6
1 0
PCA1PWM
PCA1MD
C
I
D
L
1
A
R
S
E
L
1
CCCE
PPPC
SSSF
1 1 1 1
2 1 0
C
L
S
E
L
1
1
CE
OC
VO
FV
1 1
PCA1 Counter/Timer 8,
9, 10 or 11-bit Overflow
C
L
S
E
L
1
0
Set 8, 9, 10, or 11 bit Operation
0
PCA1 Counter/Timer 16bit Overflow
1
ECCF6
PCA Module 6
(CCF6)
0
1
EPCA1
EA
0
0
0
1
1
1
Interrupt
Priority
Decoder
ECCF7
0
PCA Module 7
(CCF7)
1
ECCF8
0
PCA Module 8
(CCF8)
1
ECCF9
0
PCA Module 9
(CCF9)
1
ECCF10
0
PCA Module 10
(CCF10)
1
ECCF11
PCA Module 11
(CCF11)
0
1
Figure 29.3. PCA1 Interrupt Block Diagram
Rev. 1.2
333
C8051F58x/F59x
29.3. Capture/Compare Modules
Each module can be configured to operate independently in one of six operation modes: Edge-triggered
Capture, Software Timer, High Speed Output, Frequency Output, 8 to 11-Bit Pulse Width Modulator, or 16Bit Pulse Width Modulator. Each module has Special Function Registers (SFRs) associated with it in the
CIP-51 system controller. These registers are used to exchange data with a module and configure the
module's mode of operation. Table 29.2 summarizes the bit settings in the PCA1CPMn and PCA1PWM
registers used to select the PCA1 capture/compare module’s operating mode. All modules set to use 8, 9,
10, or 11-bit PWM mode must use the same cycle length (8-11 bits). Setting the ECCF1n bit in a
PCA1CPMn register enables the module's CCFn interrupt.
Table 29.2. PCA1CPM and PCA1PWM Bit Settings for
PCA1 Capture/Compare Modules
Operational Mode
PCA1CPMn
PCA1PWM
Bit Number
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 7 6 5
4–2
1–0
Capture triggered by positive edge on CEXn
X X 1 0 0 0 0 A 0 X B
XXX
XX
Capture triggered by negative edge on CEXn
X X 0 1 0 0 0 A 0 X B
XXX
XX
Capture triggered by any transition on CEXn
X X 1 1 0 0 0 A 0 X B
XXX
XX
Software Timer
X C 0 0 1 0 0 A 0 X B
XXX
XX
High Speed Output
X C 0 0 1 1 0 A 0 X B
XXX
XX
Frequency Output
X C 0 0 0 1 1 A 0 X B
XXX
XX
8-Bit Pulse Width Modulator (Note 7)
0 C 0 0 E 0 1 A 0 X B
XXX
00
9-Bit Pulse Width Modulator (Note 7)
0 C 0 0 E 0 1 A D X B
XXX
01
10-Bit Pulse Width Modulator (Note 7)
0 C 0 0 E 0 1 A D X B
XXX
10
11-Bit Pulse Width Modulator (Note 7)
0 C 0 0 E 0 1 A D X B
XXX
11
16-Bit Pulse Width Modulator
1 C 0 0 E 0 1 A 0 X B
XXX
XX
Notes:
1. X = Don’t Care (no functional difference for individual module if 1 or 0).
2. A = Enable interrupts for this module (PCA1 interrupt triggered on CCFn set to 1).
3. B = Enable 8th, 9th, 10th or 11th bit overflow interrupt (Depends on setting of CLSEL1[1:0]).
4. C = When set to 0, the digital comparator is off. For high speed and frequency output modes, the
associated pin will not toggle. In any of the PWM modes, this generates a 0% duty cycle (output = 0).
5. D = Selects whether the Capture/Compare register (0) or the Auto-Reload register (1) for the associated
channel is accessed via addresses PCA1CPHn and PCA1CPLn.
6. E = When set, a match event will cause the CCFn flag for the associated channel to be set.
7. All modules set to 8, 9, 10 or 11-bit PWM mode use the same cycle length setting.
334
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
29.3.1. Edge-triggered Capture Mode
In this mode, a valid transition on the CEXn pin causes PCA1 to capture the value of the PCA1 counter/timer and load it into the corresponding module's 16-bit capture/compare register (PCA1CPLn and
PCA1CPHn). The CAPP1n and CAPN1n bits in the PCA1CPMn register are used to select the type of
transition that triggers the capture: low-to-high transition (positive edge), high-to-low transition (negative
edge), or either transition (positive or negative edge). When a capture occurs, the Capture/Compare Flag
(CCFn) in PCA1CN is set to logic 1. An interrupt request is generated if the CCFn interrupt for that module
is enabled. The CCFn bit is not automatically cleared by hardware when the CPU vectors to the interrupt
service routine, and must be cleared by software. If both CAPP1n and CAPN1n bits are set to logic 1, then
the state of the Port pin associated with CEXn can be read directly to determine whether a rising-edge or
falling-edge caused the capture.
PCA1 Interrupt
PCA1CPMn
P ECCMT P E
WC A A AOWC
MOPP TGMC
1 MP N n 1 1 F
6 1 1 1 1 n n 1
n
1 n n n
n
0 0 0 x
(to CCFn)
x x
0
Port I/O
Crossbar
CEXn
PCA1CN
CCCCCCCC
FRCCCCCC
1 1 FFFFFF
1 1 9 8 7 6
1 0
1
PCA1CPLn
PCA1CPHn
Capture
0
1
PCA1
Timebase
PCA1L
PCA1H
Figure 29.4. PCA1 Capture Mode Diagram
Note: The CEXn input signal must remain high or low for at least 2 system clock cycles to be recognized by the
hardware.
Rev. 1.2
335
C8051F58x/F59x
29.3.2. Software Timer (Compare) Mode
In Software Timer mode, the PCA1 counter/timer value is compared to the module's 16-bit capture/compare register (PCA1CPHn and PCA1CPLn). When a match occurs, the Capture/Compare Flag (CCFn) in
PCA1CN is set to logic 1. An interrupt request is generated if the CCFn interrupt for that module is
enabled. The CCFn bit is not automatically cleared by hardware when the CPU vectors to the interrupt service routine, and must be cleared by software. Setting the ECOM1n and MAT1n bits in the PCA1CPMn
register enables Software Timer mode.
Important Note About Capture/Compare Registers: When writing a 16-bit value to the PCA1 Capture/Compare registers, the low byte should always be written first. Writing to PCA1CPLn clears the
ECOM1n bit to 0; writing to PCA1CPHn sets ECOM1n to 1.
Write to
PCA1CPLn
0
ENB
Reset
Write to
PCA1CPHn
PCA1 Interrupt
ENB
1
PCA1CPMn
P ECCMT P E
WC A A AOWC
MOPP TGMC
1 MP N n 1 1 F
6 1 1 1 1 n n 1
n
1 n n n
n
x
0 0
PCA1CN
PCA1CPLn
CCCCCCCC
FRCCCCCC
1 1 FFFFFF
1 1 9 8 7 6
1 0
PCA1CPHn
0 0 x
Enable
16-bit Comparator
PCA1
Timebase
PCA1L
Match
PCA1H
Figure 29.5. PCA1 Software Timer Mode Diagram
336
Rev. 1.2
0
1
C8051F58x/F59x
29.3.3. High-Speed Output Mode
In High-Speed Output mode, a module’s associated CEXn pin is toggled each time a match occurs
between the PCA1 Counter and the module's 16-bit capture/compare register (PCA1CPHn and
PCA1CPLn). When a match occurs, the Capture/Compare Flag (CCFn) in PCA1CN is set to logic 1. An
interrupt request is generated if the CCFn interrupt for that module is enabled. The CCFn bit is not automatically cleared by hardware when the CPU vectors to the interrupt service routine, and must be cleared
by software. Setting the TOG1n, MAT1n, and ECOM1n bits in the PCA1CPMn register enables the HighSpeed Output mode. If ECOM1n is cleared, the associated pin will retain its state, and not toggle on the
next match event.
Important Note About Capture/Compare Registers: When writing a 16-bit value to the PCA1 Capture/Compare registers, the low byte should always be written first. Writing to PCA1CPLn clears the
ECOM1n bit to 0; writing to PCA1CPHn sets ECOM1n to 1.
Write to
PCA1CPLn
0
ENB
Reset
PCA1CPMn
Write to
PCA1CPHn
P ECCMT P E
WC A A AOWC
MOPP TGMC
1 MPN n 1 1 F
6 1 1 1 1 n n 1
n
1 n n n
n
ENB
1
x
0 0
0 x
PCA1 Interrupt
PCA1CN
PCA1CPLn
Enable
CCCCCCCC
FRCCCCCC
1 1 FFFFFF
1 1 9 8 7 6
1 0
PCA1CPHn
16-bit Comparator
Match
0
1
TOG1n
Toggle
PCA1
Timebase
0 CEXn
1
PCA1L
Crossbar
Port I/O
PCA1H
Figure 29.6. PCA1 High-Speed Output Mode Diagram
Rev. 1.2
337
C8051F58x/F59x
29.3.4. Frequency Output Mode
Frequency Output Mode produces a programmable-frequency square wave on the module’s associated
CEXn pin. The capture/compare module high byte holds the number of PCA1 clocks to count before the
output is toggled. The frequency of the square wave is then defined by Equation 29.1.
F PCA
F CEXn = ------------------------------------------2  PCA1CPHn
Note: A value of 0x00 in the PCA1CPHn register is equal to 256 for this equation.
Equation 29.1. Square Wave Frequency Output
Where FPCA is the frequency of the clock selected by the CPS12–0 bits in the PCA1 mode register,
PCA1MD. The lower byte of the capture/compare module is compared to the PCA1 counter low byte; on a
match, CEXn is toggled and the offset held in the high byte is added to the matched value in PCA1CPLn.
Frequency Output Mode is enabled by setting the ECOM1n, TOG1n, and PWM1n bits in the PCA1CPMn
register. Note that the MAT1n bit should normally be set to 0 in this mode. If the MAT1n bit is set to 1, the
CCFn flag for the channel will be set when the 16-bit PCA1 counter and the 16-bit capture/compare register for the channel are equal.
Write to
PCA1CPLn
0
ENB
Reset
Write to
PCA1CPHn
PCA1CPMn
ENB
1
P
W
M
1
6
1
n
x
E C
C A
OP
MP
1 1
n n
C
A
P
N
1
n
MT
AO
T G
n 1
1 n
P
W
M
1
n
E
C
C
F
1
n
PCA1CPLn
8-bit Adder
PCA1CPHn
Adder
Enable
TOG1n
0 0 0
Toggle
x
Enable
PCA1 Timebase
8-bit
Comparator
match
PCA1L
Figure 29.7. PCA1 Frequency Output Mode
338
Rev. 1.2
0 CEXn
1
Crossbar
Port I/O
C8051F58x/F59x
29.3.5. 8-bit, 9-bit, 10-bit and 11-bit Pulse Width Modulator Modes
Each module can be used independently to generate a pulse width modulated (PWM) output on its associated CEXn pin. The frequency of the output is dependent on the timebase for the PCA1 counter/timer, and
the setting of the PWM cycle length (8, 9, 10 or 11-bits). For backwards-compatibility with the 8-bit PWM
mode available on other devices, the 8-bit PWM mode operates slightly different than 9, 10 and 11-bit
PWM modes. It is important to note that all channels configured for 8/9/10/11-bit PWM mode will use
the same cycle length. It is not possible to configure one channel for 8-bit PWM mode and another for 11bit mode (for example). However, other PCA1 channels can be configured to Pin Capture, High-Speed
Output, Software Timer, Frequency Output, or 16-bit PWM mode independently.
29.3.5.1. 8-bit Pulse Width Modulator Mode
The duty cycle of the PWM output signal in 8-bit PWM mode is varied using the module's PCA1CPLn capture/compare register. When the value in the low byte of the PCA1 counter/timer (PCA1L) is equal to the
value in PCA1CPLn, the output on the CEXn pin will be set. When the count value in PCA1L overflows, the
CEXn output will be reset (see Figure 29.8). Also, when the counter/timer low byte (PCA1L) overflows from
0xFF to 0x00, PCA1CPLn is reloaded automatically with the value stored in the module’s capture/compare
high byte (PCA1CPHn) without software intervention. Setting the ECOM1n and PWM1n bits in the
PCA1CPMn register, and setting the CLSEL1 bits in register PCA1PWM to 00b enables 8-Bit Pulse Width
Modulator mode. If the MAT1n bit is set to 1, the CCFn flag for the module will be set each time an 8-bit
comparator match (rising edge) occurs. The COVF1 flag in PCA1PWM can be used to detect the overflow
(falling edge), which will occur every 256 PCA1 clock cycles. The duty cycle for 8-Bit PWM Mode is given
in Equation 29.2.
Important Note About Capture/Compare Registers: When writing a 16-bit value to the PCA1 Capture/Compare registers, the low byte should always be written first. Writing to PCA1CPLn clears the
ECOM1n bit to 0; writing to PCA1CPHn sets ECOM1n to 1.
 256 – PCA0CPHn 
Duty Cycle = ------------------------------------------------------256
Equation 29.2. 8-Bit PWM Duty Cycle
Using Equation 29.2, the largest duty cycle is 100% (PCA1CPHn = 0), and the smallest duty cycle is
0.39% (PCA1CPHn = 0xFF). A 0% duty cycle may be generated by clearing the ECOM1n bit to 0.
Rev. 1.2
339
C8051F58x/F59x
Write to
PCA1CPLn
0
ENB
Reset
PCA1CPHn
Write to
PCA1CPHn
ENB
COVF1
1
PCA1PWM
A
R
S
E
L
1
CE
OC
VO
FV
1 1
0
x
C
L
S
E
L
1
1
PCA1CPMn
C
L
S
E
L
1
0
0 0
P ECCMT P E
WC A A AOWC
MOPP TGMC
1 MP N n 1 1 F
6 1 1 1 1 n n 1
n
1 n n n
n
0
0 0 x 0
PCA1CPLn
x
Enable
8-bit
Comparator
match
S
R
PCA1 Timebase
SET
CLR
Q
CEXn
Q
PCA1L
Overflow
Figure 29.8. PCA1 8-Bit PWM Mode Diagram
340
Rev. 1.2
Crossbar
Port I/O
C8051F58x/F59x
29.3.5.2. 9/10/11-bit Pulse Width Modulator Mode
The duty cycle of the PWM output signal in 9/10/11-bit PWM mode should be varied by writing to an “AutoReload” Register, which is dual-mapped into the PCA1CPHn and PCA1CPLn register locations. The data
written to define the duty cycle should be right-justified in the registers. The auto-reload registers are
accessed (read or written) when the bit ARSEL1 in PCA1PWM is set to 1. The capture/compare registers
are accessed when ARSEL1 is set to 0.
When the least-significant N bits of the PCA1 counter match the value in the associated module’s capture/compare register (PCA1CPn), the output on CEXn is asserted high. When the counter overflows from
the Nth bit, CEXn is asserted low (see Figure 29.9). Upon an overflow from the Nth bit, the COVF1 flag is
set, and the value stored in the module’s auto-reload register is loaded into the capture/compare register.
The value of N is determined by the CLSEL1 bits in register PCA1PWM.
The 9, 10 or 11-bit PWM mode is selected by setting the ECOM1n and PWM1n bits in the PCA1CPMn register, and setting the CLSEL1 bits in register PCA1PWM to the desired cycle length (other than 8-bits). If
the MAT1n bit is set to 1, the CCFn flag for the module will be set each time a comparator match (rising
edge) occurs. The COVF1 flag in PCA1PWM can be used to detect the overflow (falling edge), which will
occur every 512 (9-bit), 1024 (10-bit) or 2048 (11-bit) PCA1 clock cycles. The duty cycle for 9/10/11-Bit
PWM Mode is given in Equation 29.2, where N is the number of bits in the PWM cycle.
Important Note About PCA1CPHn and PCA1CPLn Registers: When writing a 16-bit value to the
PCA1CPn registers, the low byte should always be written first. Writing to PCA1CPLn clears the ECOM1n
bit to 0; writing to PCA1CPHn sets ECOM1n to 1.
 2 N – PCA 1 CPn 
Duty Cycle = -----------------------------------------------2N
Equation 29.3. 9, 10, and 11-Bit PWM Duty Cycle
A 0% duty cycle may be generated by clearing the ECOM1n bit to 0.
Write to
PCA1CPLn
0
R/W when
ARSEL1 = 1
ENB
Reset
Write to
PCA1CPHn
PCA1PWM
(Auto-Reload)
A
R
S
E
L
1
PCA1CPH:Ln
(right-justified)
ENB
1
PCA1CPMn
P ECCMT P E
WC A A AOWC
MOPP TGMC
1 MP N n 1 1 F
6 1 1 1 1 n n 1
1 n n n
n
n
0
0 0 x 0
R/W when
ARSEL1 = 0
C
L
S
E
L
1
1
CE
OC
VO
FV
1 1
C
L
S
E
L
1
0
x
(Capture/Compare)
Set “N” bits:
01 = 9 bits
10 = 10 bits
11 = 11 bits
PCA1CPH:Ln
(right-justified)
x
Enable
N-bit Comparator
match
S
R
PCA1 Timebase
SET
CLR
Q
CEXn
Crossbar
Port I/O
Q
PCA1H:L
Overflow of Nth Bit
Figure 29.9. PCA1 9, 10 and 11-Bit PWM Mode Diagram
Rev. 1.2
341
C8051F58x/F59x
29.3.6. 16-Bit Pulse Width Modulator Mode
A PCA1 module may also be operated in 16-Bit PWM mode. 16-bit PWM mode is independent of the other
(8/9/10/11-bit) PWM modes. In this mode, the 16-bit capture/compare module defines the number of PCA1
clocks for the low time of the PWM signal. When the PCA1 counter matches the module contents, the output on CEXn is asserted high; when the 16-bit counter overflows, CEXn is asserted low. To output a varying duty cycle, new value writes should be synchronized with PCA1 CCFn match interrupts. 16-Bit PWM
Mode is enabled by setting the ECOM1n, PWM1n, and PWM161n bits in the PCA1CPMn register. For a
varying duty cycle, match interrupts should be enabled (ECCF1n = 1 AND MAT1n = 1) to help synchronize
the capture/compare register writes. If the MAT1n bit is set to 1, the CCFn flag for the module will be set
each time a 16-bit comparator match (rising edge) occurs. The CF1 flag in PCA1CN can be used to detect
the overflow (falling edge). The duty cycle for 16-Bit PWM Mode is given by Equation 29.4.
Important Note About Capture/Compare Registers: When writing a 16-bit value to the PCA1 Capture/Compare registers, the low byte should always be written first. Writing to PCA1CPLn clears the
ECOM1n bit to 0; writing to PCA1CPHn sets ECOM1n to 1.
 65536 – PCA 1 CPn 
Duty Cycle = --------------------------------------------------------65536
Equation 29.4. 16-Bit PWM Duty Cycle
Using Equation 29.4, the largest duty cycle is 100% (PCA1CPn = 0), and the smallest duty cycle is
0.0015% (PCA1CPn = 0xFFFF). A 0% duty cycle may be generated by clearing the ECOM1n bit to 0.
Write to
PCA1CPLn
0
ENB
Reset
Write to
PCA1CPHn
ENB
1
PCA1CPMn
P ECCMT P E
WC A A AOWC
MOPP TGMC
1 MP N n 1 1 F
6 1 1 1 1 n n 1
1 n n n
n
n
1
0 0 x 0
PCA1CPHn
PCA1CPLn
x
Enable
16-bit Comparator
match
S
R
PCA1 Timebase
PCA1H
SET
CLR
PCA1L
Overflow
Figure 29.10. PCA1 16-Bit PWM Mode
342
Rev. 1.2
Q
Q
CEXn
Crossbar
Port I/O
C8051F58x/F59x
29.4. Register Descriptions for PCA1
Following are detailed descriptions of the special function registers related to the operation of the PCA.
SFR Definition 29.1. PCA1CN: PCA1 Control
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Name
CF1
CR1
CCF6
CCF7
CCF8
CCF9
CCF10
CCF11
Type
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0xD8; Bit-Addressable; SFR Page = 0x10
Bit
Name
Function
7
CF1
PCA1 Counter/Timer Overflow Flag.
Set by hardware when the PCA1 Counter/Timer overflows from 0xFFFF to 0x0000.
When the Counter/Timer Overflow (CF1) interrupt is enabled, setting this bit causes the
CPU to vector to the PCA1 interrupt service routine. This bit is not automatically
cleared by hardware and must be cleared by software.
6
CR1
PCA1 Counter/Timer Run Control.
This bit enables/disables the PCA1 Counter/Timer.
0: PCA1 Counter/Timer disabled.
1: PCA1 Counter/Timer enabled.
5
CCF11
PCA1 Module 11 Capture/Compare Flag.
This bit is set by hardware when a match or capture occurs. When the CCF11 interrupt
is enabled, setting this bit causes the CPU to vector to the PCA1 interrupt service routine. This bit is not automatically cleared by hardware and must be cleared by software.
4
CCF10
PCA1 Module 10 Capture/Compare Flag.
This bit is set by hardware when a match or capture occurs. When the CCF10 interrupt
is enabled, setting this bit causes the CPU to vector to the PCA1 interrupt service routine. This bit is not automatically cleared by hardware and must be cleared by software.
3
CCF9
PCA1 Module 9 Capture/Compare Flag.
This bit is set by hardware when a match or capture occurs. When the CCF9 interrupt
is enabled, setting this bit causes the CPU to vector to the PCA1 interrupt service routine. This bit is not automatically cleared by hardware and must be cleared by software.
2
CCF8
PCA1 Module 8 Capture/Compare Flag.
This bit is set by hardware when a match or capture occurs. When the CCF8 interrupt
is enabled, setting this bit causes the CPU to vector to the PCA1 interrupt service routine. This bit is not automatically cleared by hardware and must be cleared by software.
1
CCF7
PCA1 Module 7 Capture/Compare Flag.
This bit is set by hardware when a match or capture occurs. When the CCF7 interrupt
is enabled, setting this bit causes the CPU to vector to the PCA1 interrupt service routine. This bit is not automatically cleared by hardware and must be cleared by software.
0
CCF6
PCA1 Module 6 Capture/Compare Flag.
This bit is set by hardware when a match or capture occurs. When the CCF6 interrupt
is enabled, setting this bit causes the CPU to vector to the PCA1 interrupt service routine. This bit is not automatically cleared by hardware and must be cleared by software.
Rev. 1.2
343
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 29.2. PCA1MD: PCA1 Mode
Bit
7
6
5
Name
CIDL1
Type
R/W
R
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
4
3
2
1
0
CPS12
CPS11
CPS10
ECF1
R
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
0
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0xD9; SFR Page = 0x10
Bit
Name
7
CIDL1
Function
PCA1 Counter/Timer Idle Control.
Specifies PCA1 behavior when CPU is in Idle Mode.
0: PCA1 continues to function normally while the system controller is in Idle Mode.
1: PCA1 operation is suspended while the system controller is in Idle Mode.
6:4
Unused
Read = 000b, Write = Don't care.
3:1 CPS1[2:0] PCA1 Counter/Timer Pulse Select.
These bits select the timebase source for the PCA1 counter
000: System clock divided by 12
001: System clock divided by 4
010: Timer 0 overflow
011: High-to-low transitions on ECI (max rate = system clock divided by 4)
100: System clock
101: External clock divided by 8 (synchronized with the system clock)
110: Timer 4 overflow
111: Timer 5 overflow
0
EC1F
PCA1 Counter/Timer Overflow Interrupt Enable.
This bit sets the masking of the PCA1 Counter/Timer Overflow (CF1) interrupt.
0: Disable the CF1 interrupt.
1: Enable a PCA1 Counter/Timer Overflow interrupt request when CF1 (PCA1CN.7) is
set.
344
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 29.3. PCA1PWM: PCA1 PWM Configuration
Bit
7
6
5
4
Name
ARSEL1
ECOV1
COVF1
Type
R/W
R/W
R/W
R
R
R
Reset
0
0
0
0
0
0
ARSEL1
2
1
0
CLSEL1[1:0]
SFR Address = 0xDA; SFR Page = 0x0F
Bit
Name
7
3
R/W
0
0
Function
Auto-Reload Register Select.
This bit selects whether to read and write the normal PCA1 capture/compare registers (PCA1CPn), or the Auto-Reload registers at the same SFR addresses. This
function is used to define the reload value for 9, 10, and 11-bit PWM modes. In all
other modes, the Auto-Reload registers have no function.
0: Read/Write Capture/Compare Registers at PCA1CPHn and PCA1CPLn.
1: Read/Write Auto-Reload Registers at PCA1CPHn and PCA1CPLn.
6
ECOV1
Cycle Overflow Interrupt Enable.
This bit sets the masking of the Cycle Overflow Flag (COVF1) interrupt.
0: COVF1 will not generate PCA1 interrupts.
1: A PCA1 interrupt will be generated when COVF1 is set.
5
COVF1
Cycle Overflow Flag.
This bit indicates an overflow of the 8th, 9th, 10th, or 11th bit of the main PCA1 counter (PCA1). The specific bit used for this flag depends on the setting of the Cycle
Length Select bits. The bit can be set by hardware or software, but must be cleared
by software.
0: No overflow has occurred since the last time this bit was cleared.
1: An overflow has occurred since the last time this bit was cleared.
4:2
1:0
Unused
Read = 000b; Write = Don’t care.
CLSEL1[1:0] Cycle Length Select.
When 16-bit PWM mode is not selected, these bits select the length of the PWM
cycle, between 8, 9, 10, or 11 bits. This affects all channels configured for PWM
which are not using 16-bit PWM mode. These bits are ignored for individual channels configured to16-bit PWM mode.
00: 8 bits.
01: 9 bits.
10: 10 bits.
11: 11 bits.
Rev. 1.2
345
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 29.4. PCA1CPMn: PCA1 Capture/Compare Mode
Bit
7
Name PWM161n
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
ECOM1n
CAPP1n
CAPN1n
MAT1n
TOG1n
PWM1n
ECCF1n
Type
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
SFR Addresses: PCA1CPM6 = 0xDA, PCA1CPM7 = 0xDB, PCA1CPM8 = 0xDC; PCA1CPM9 = 0xDD,
PCA1CPM10 = 0xDE, PCA1CPM11 = 0xDF, SFR Page (all registers) = 0x10
Bit
Name
Function
7
PWM161n 16-bit Pulse Width Modulation Enable.
This bit enables 16-bit mode when Pulse Width Modulation mode is enabled.
0: 8 to 11-bit PWM selected.
1: 16-bit PWM selected.
6
ECOM1n Comparator Function Enable.
This bit enables the comparator function for PCA1 module n when set to 1.
5
CAPP1n
Capture Positive Function Enable.
This bit enables the positive edge capture for PCA1 module n when set to 1.
4
CAPN1n
Capture Negative Function Enable.
This bit enables the negative edge capture for PCA1 module n when set to 1.
3
MAT1n
Match Function Enable.
This bit enables the match function for PCA1 module n when set to 1. When enabled,
matches of the PCA1 counter with a module's capture/compare register cause the
CCFn bit in PCA1MD register to be set to logic 1.
2
TOG1n
Toggle Function Enable.
This bit enables the toggle function for PCA1 module n when set to 1. When enabled,
matches of the PCA1 counter with a module's capture/compare register cause the logic
level on the CEXn pin to toggle. If the PWMn bit is also set to logic 1, the module operates in Frequency Output Mode.
1
PWM1n
Pulse Width Modulation Mode Enable.
This bit enables the PWM function for PCA1 module n when set to 1. When enabled, a
pulse width modulated signal is output on the CEXn pin. 8 to 11-bit PWM is used if
PWM16n is cleared; 16-bit mode is used if PWM16n is set to logic 1. If the TOGn bit is
also set, the module operates in Frequency Output Mode.
0
ECCF1n
Capture/Compare Flag Interrupt Enable.
This bit sets the masking of the Capture/Compare Flag (CCFn) interrupt.
0: Disable CCFn interrupts.
1: Enable a Capture/Compare Flag interrupt request when CCFn is set.
346
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 29.5. PCA1L: PCA1 Counter/Timer Low Byte
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
PCA1[7:0]
Name
Type
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0xF9; SFR Page = 0x10
Bit
Name
7:0
Function
PCA1[7:0] PCA1 Counter/Timer Low Byte.
The PCA1L register holds the low byte (LSB) of the 16-bit PCA1 Counter/Timer.
SFR Definition 29.6. PCA1H: PCA1 Counter/Timer High Byte
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
PCA1[15:8]
Name
Type
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0xFA; SFR Page = 0x10
Bit
Name
7:0
Function
PCA1[15:8] PCA1 Counter/Timer High Byte.
The PCA1H register holds the high byte (MSB) of the 16-bit PCA1 Counter/Timer.
Reads of this register will read the contents of a “snapshot” register, whose contents
are updated only when the contents of PCA1L are read (see Section 29.1).
Rev. 1.2
347
C8051F58x/F59x
SFR Definition 29.7. PCA1CPLn: PCA1 Capture Module Low Byte
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
PCA1CPn[7:0]
Name
Type
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
SFR Addresses: PCA1CPL6 = 0xFB, PCA1CPL7 = 0xE9, PCA1CPL8 = 0xEB, PCA1CPL9 = 0xED,
PCA1CPL10 = 0xFD, PCA1CPL11 = 0xCE; SFR Page (all registers) = 0x10
Bit
Name
Function
7:0
PCA1CPn[7:0] PCA1 Capture Module Low Byte.
The PCA1CPLn register holds the low byte (LSB) of the 16-bit capture module n.
This register address also allows access to the low byte of the corresponding
PCA1 channel’s auto-reload value for 9, 10, or 11-bit PWM mode. The ARSEL1
bit in register PCA1PWM controls which register is accessed.
Note: A write to this register will clear the module’s ECOM1n bit to a 0.
SFR Definition 29.8. PCA1CPHn: PCA1 Capture Module High Byte
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
PCA1CPn[15:8]
Name
Type
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
SFR Addresses: PCA1CPH6 = 0xFC, PCA1CPH7 = 0xEA, PCA1CPH8 = 0xEC, PCA1CPH9 = 0xEE,
PCA1CPH10 = 0xFE, PCA1CPH11 = 0xCF; SFR Page (all registers) = 0x10
Bit
Name
Function
7:0 PCA1CPn[15:8] PCA1 Capture Module High Byte.
The PCA1CPHn register holds the high byte (MSB) of the 16-bit capture module n.
This register address also allows access to the high byte of the corresponding
PCA1 channel’s auto-reload value for 9, 10, or 11-bit PWM mode. The ARSEL1 bit
in register PCA1PWM controls which register is accessed.
Note: A write to this register will set the module’s ECOM1n bit to a 1.
348
Rev. 1.2
C8051F58x/F59x
30. C2 Interface
C8051F58x/F59x devices include an on-chip Silicon Labs 2-Wire (C2) debug interface to allow Flash programming and in-system debugging with the production part installed in the end application. The C2 interface uses a clock signal (C2CK) and a bi-directional C2 data signal (C2D) to transfer information between
the device and a host system. See the C2 Interface Specification for details on the C2 protocol.
30.1. C2 Interface Registers
The following describes the C2 registers necessary to perform Flash programming through the C2 interface. All C2 registers are accessed through the C2 interface as described in the C2 Interface Specification.
C2 Register Definition 30.1. C2ADD: C2 Address
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
Name
C2ADD[7:0]
Type
R/W
Reset
Bit
0
0
0
0
Name
0
2
1
0
0
0
0
Function
7:0 C2ADD[7:0] C2 Address.
The C2ADD register is accessed via the C2 interface to select the target Data register
for C2 Data Read and Data Write commands.
Address
Description
0x00
Selects the Device ID register for Data Read instructions
0x01
Selects the Revision ID register for Data Read instructions
0x02
Selects the C2 Flash Programming Control register for Data
Read/Write instructions
0xB4
Selects the C2 Flash Programming Data register for Data
Read/Write instructions
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C2 Register Definition 30.2. DEVICEID: C2 Device ID
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
Name
DEVICEID[7:0]
Type
R/W
Reset
0
0
1
0
0
2
1
0
0
0
0
C2 Address = 0xFD; SFR Address = 0xFD; SFR Page = 0x0F
Bit
Name
Function
7:0
DEVICEID[7:0] Device ID.
This read-only register returns the 8-bit device ID: 0x20 (C8051F58x/F59x).
C2 Register Definition 30.3. REVID: C2 Revision ID
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
Name
REVID[7:0]
Type
R/W
Reset
Varies
Varies
Varies
Varies
Varies
2
1
0
Varies
Varies
Varies
C2 Address = 0xFE; SFR Address = 0xFE; SFR Page = 0x0F
Bit
Name
Function
7:0
REVID[7:0] Revision ID.
This read-only register returns the 8-bit revision ID. For example: 0x00 = Revision A.
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C2 Register Definition 30.4. FPCTL: C2 Flash Programming Control
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
Name
FPCTL[7:0]
Type
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
0
C2 Address: 0x02
Bit
Name
7:0
2
1
0
0
0
0
Function
FPCTL[7:0] Flash Programming Control Register.
This register is used to enable Flash programming via the C2 interface. To enable C2
Flash programming, the following codes must be written in order: 0x02, 0x01. Note
that once C2 Flash programming is enabled, a system reset must be issued to
resume normal operation.
C2 Register Definition 30.5. FPDAT: C2 Flash Programming Data
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
Name
FPDAT[7:0]
Type
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
C2 Address: 0xB4
Bit
Name
7:0
0
2
1
0
0
0
0
Function
FPDAT[7:0] C2 Flash Programming Data Register.
This register is used to pass Flash commands, addresses, and data during C2 Flash
accesses. Valid commands are listed below.
Code
Command
0x06
Flash Block Read
0x07
Flash Block Write
0x08
Flash Page Erase
0x03
Device Erase
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The FPSEL register is a Special Function Register (SFR) that is only accessible through the C2 interface.
When reading, writing. or erasing Flash through the C2 interface, this register must be set first in order to
access the different banks. SFRs are accessed through the C2 interface using the WriteAR and ReadDR /
Write DR commands described in Application Note 127: Flash Programming via the C2 Interface.
C2 Register Definition 30.6. FPSEL: C2 Flash Bank Select
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
BSEL
Name
Type
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R/W
Reset
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
SFR Address = 0xC6; SFR Page = 0x01
Bit
Name
7:1
0
Unused
BSEL
Function
Read = 0000000b; Write = Don’t Care.
Flash Programming Bank Select.
0: The address range 0x0000 - 0xFFFF accesses Banks 0 - 1
1: The address range 0x0000 - 0xFFFF accesses Banks 2 - 3
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30.2. C2 Pin Sharing
The C2 protocol allows the C2 pins to be shared with user functions so that in-system debugging and
Flash programming may be performed. This is possible because C2 communication is typically performed
when the device is in the halt state, where all on-chip peripherals and user software are stalled. In this
halted state, the C2 interface can safely ‘borrow’ the C2CK (RST) and C2D pins. In most applications,
external resistors are required to isolate C2 interface traffic from the user application. A typical isolation
configuration is shown in Figure 30.1.
C8051Fxxx
RST (a)
C2CK
Input (b)
C2D
Output (c)
C2 Interface Master
Figure 30.1. Typical C2 Pin Sharing
The configuration in Figure 30.1 assumes the following:
1. The user input (b) cannot change state while the target device is halted.
2. The RST pin on the target device is used as an input only.
Additional resistors may be necessary depending on the specific application.
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DOCUMENT CHANGE LIST
Revision 0.1 to Revision 1.0

Updated all specification TBDs
Clarified and corrected text throughout the document.
Revision 1.0 to Revision 1.1
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Updated “Ordering Information” on page 22 to include -A (Automotive) devices and automotive
qualification information.
Updated supply current related specifications throughout “5. Electrical Characteristics” .
Updated SFR Definition 8.1 to change VREF high setting to 2.20 V from 2.25 V.
Updated Table 5.12 on page 53 and Figure 9.1 on Page 77 to indicate that Comparators are powered
from VIO and not VDDA.
Updated the Gain Table in “Calculating the Gain Value” on page 60 to fix the ADC0GNH Value in the
last row.
Updated Table 11.1 on page 94 with correct timing for all branch instructions, MOVC, and CPL A.
Updated “Programming The Flash Memory” on page 138 to clarify behavior of 8-bit MOVX instructions
and when writing/erasing Flash.
Updated SFR Definition 15.3 (FLSCL) to include FLEWT bit definition. This bit must be set before
writing or erasing Flash. Also updated Table 5.5 on page 48 to reflect new Flash Write and Erase
timing.
Updated “17.7. Flash Error Reset” with an additional cause of a Flash Error reset.
Updated “20.1. Port I/O Modes of Operation” to remove note regarding interfacing to voltages above
VIO.
Updated “23. SMBus” to remove all hardware ACK features, including SMB0ADM and SMB0ADR
SFRs.
Updated “24.3.2. Data Reception” to clarify UART receive FIFO behavior.
Updated SFR Definition 24.1 (SCON0) to correct SFR Page to 0x00 from All Pages.
Various formatting changes and corrections throughout the document.
Note: All items from the C8051F58x/59x Errata dated July 1, 2009 are incorporated into this data sheet.
Revision 1.1 to Revision 1.2


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

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


Updated “1. System Overview” with a voltage range specification for the internal oscillator.
Updated Table 5.6, “Internal High-Frequency Oscillator Electrical Characteristics,” on page 49 with new
conditions for the internal oscillator accuracy. The internal oscillator accuracy is dependent on the
operating voltage range.
Updated “5. Electrical Characteristics” to remove the internal oscillator curve across temperature
diagram.
Updated Figure 6.4 with new timing diagram when using CNVSTR pin.
Updated SFR Definition 8.1 (REF0CN) with oscillator suspend requirement for ZTCEN.
Fixed incorrect cross references in “9. Comparators” .
Updated SFR Definition 10.1 (REG0CN) with a new definition for Bit 6. The bit 6 reset value is 1b and
must be written to 1b.
Updated SFR Definition 12.1 (PSBANK) with correct reset value.
Updated “16.3. Suspend Mode” with note regarding ZTCEN.
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Added Port 2 Event and Port 3 Events to wake-up sources in “19.2.1. Internal Oscillator Suspend
Mode” .
Updated SFR Definition 20.3 with correct names for bits CP2AE and CP2E.
Updated “21. Local Interconnect Network (LIN0)” with a voltage range specification for the internal
oscillator.
Updated LIN Register Definitions 21.9 and 21.10 with correct reset values.
Updated “22. Controller Area Network (CAN0)” with a voltage range specification for the internal
oscillator.
Updated C2 Register Definitions 30.2 and 30.3 with correct C2 and SFR addresses.
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