Advanced Power Electronics Corp. APE1816 PWM CONTROL 5A STEP-DOWN CONVERTER FEATURES DESCRIPTION APE1816 consists of step-down switching regulator with PWM control. These devise include a reference voltage source, oscillation circuit, error amplifier, internal PMOS and etc. APE1816 provides low-ripple power, high efficiency, and excellent transient characteristics. The PWM control circuit is able to the duty ratio linearly form 0 up to 100%. An enable function, an over current protect function and short circuit protect function are built inside, and when OCP or SCP happens, the operation frequency will be reduced. Also, an internal compensation block is built in to minimum external component count. With the addition of an internal P-channel Power MOS, a coil, capacitors, and a diode connected externally, these ICs can function as step-down switching regulators. They serve as ideal power supply units for portable devices when coupled with the ESOP-8 package, providing such outstanding features as low current consumption. Since this converter can accommodate an input voltage up to 23V, it is also suitable for the operation via an AC adapter. Input Voltage : 4.5V to 23V Output Voltage : 0.8V to VCC Duty Ratio : 0% to 100% PWM Control Oscillation Frequency : 330KHz Typ. External Soft-Start Function. Thermal Shutdown Function. Short Circuit Protect (SCP). Current Limit (CL), Enable Function Built-in Internal SW P-channel MOS. ESOP-8 Pb-Free Package TYPICAL APPLICATION VIN+12V PVCC C2 470uF R2 R3 4R7 R1 100K C1 2K OCSET C7 C3 0.1uF 10nF VSS 2 15uH R5 4.7K D1 B540A SS EN VOUT = 3.3V/5A L1 FB VCC 0.1uF 1 SW VOUT = 1.8V/5 A L1 C2 470 uF R3 4R 7 R2 3. 75K C7 VSS APE1816 C3 0.1 uF 10uH R5 2.5K D1 B 540A SS EN 10 nF 2 FB VCC 0.1 uF 1 SW OCSET 470uF R6 1.5K C6 VIN +5V R1 100K C1 C4 0.1uF 47nF APE1816 PVCC C5 C5 C4 0 .1uF 470 uF R6 2K C6 0.1 uF R5 ) R6 VFB= 0.8V ; R6 suggest0.8K ~ 4k VOUT = VFB x (1 + L1 recommend value (VIN =12V ,IOUT=5A) VOUT 1.8 V 2.5V 3.3V 5V L1 10uH 10uH 15uH 15uH Data and specifications subject to change without notice 1 201202134 Advanced Power Electronics Corp. APE1816 ORDERING/PACKAGE INFORMATION ( Top View ) APE1816X OCSET 1 VCC 2 Package Type PVCC 3 SW 4 MP : ESOP-8 SW 8 SS 7 EN 6 FB 5 VSS ESOP-8 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS (at TA=25°C) VCC PIN Voltage(VCC) ------------------------------------- VSS -0.3V to VSS +25 V Feedback PIN Voltage(VFB) ----------------------------- VSS -0.3V to VCC ON/OFF PIN Voltage(VEN) ------------------------------- VSS -0.3V to VCC + 0.3V Switch PIN Voltage(VSW ) --------------------------------- VSS -0.3V to VCC + 0.3V Power Dissipation(PD) ------------------------------------ Internally Limited Storage Temperature Range(T ST) --------------------- -40°C To 150°C Operating Junction Temperature(T OPJ) --------------- -20°C To 125°C Junction Temperature Range(T J) ---------------------- -40°C To 150°C Operating Supply Voltage(VOP) ------------------------- +4.5V to +23V Switching Current(ISW ) ------------------------------------ 6.5A Thermal Resistance from Junction to Case(Rth JC) 15°C/W Thermal Resistance from Junction to Ambient(RthJA) 40°C/W Note. RthJA is measured with the PCB copper area(need connect to Exposed pad) of approximately 1 in2(Multi-layer). ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS (VIN=12V, TA=25°C, unless otherwise specified) Parameter Feedback Voltage SYM VFB TEST CONDITION IOUT=0.2A Quiescent Current ICCQ VFB=1.2V force driver off MIN 0.784 TYP 0.8 MAX 0.816 UNITS mA V - 3 5 Feedback Bias Current IFB IOUT=0.2A - 0.1 0.5 uA Shutdown Supply Current ISD VEN =0V - 2 10 uA Line Regulation △VOUT/VOUT VCC =8V~23V, IOUT=0.3A - 1 2 % Load Regulation △VOUT/VOUT IOUT = 0.1 to 2.5A - 0.2 0.5 % 95 110 140 uA OCSET Pin Bias Current SS Pin Current IOCSET ISS Oscillation Frequency FOSC SW pin Short Circuit Frequency FOSC1 EN Pin Logic Input Threshold Voltage EN Pin Input Current - 4 - uA 260 330 400 KHz KHz VFB=0V - 80 - VSH Slew rate > 80mV/μs 2 - - VSL - - 0.8 ISH Slew rate > 80mV/μs VEN=2.5V (ON) - 20 - uA ISL VEN=0.3V (OFF) - -10 - uA Internal MOSFET RDSON RDSON Efficiency EFFI Thermal Shutdown Temp TSD VCC=5V, VFB=0V - 70 100 VCC=12V, VFB=0V - 45 70 IOUT = 3A - 92 - IOUT = 5A - 91 - - 135 - VOUT=5V V mΩ % °C 2 Advanced Power Electronics Corp. APE1816 PIN DESCRIPTIONS PIN SYMBOL VSS SS PIN DESCRIPTION GND Pin Soft-Start pin FB Feedback Pin Power -Off Pin H : Normal Operation(Step-down) EN L : Step-down Operation Stopped (All circuits deactivated) PVCC SW Driver Power Supply Pin Switch Pin. Connect External Inductor & Diode here. OCSET VCC Add an External Resistor to Set Max. Switch Output Current. IC Power Supply Pin BLOCK DIAGRAM VCC SW Current Limit PVCC Oscillator Circuit Reference Voltage + PWM Switched Control Circuit - Thermal Shutdown 4uA 110uA FB VSS VEN EN OCSET SS FUNCTION PIN DESCRIPTION PWM Control The APE1816 consists of DC/DC converters that employ a pulse-width modulation (PWM) system. In converters of the APE1816, the pulse width varies in a range from 0 to 100%, according to the load current. The ripple voltage produced by the switching can easily be removed through a filter because the switching frequency remains constant. Therefore, these converters provide a low-ripple power over broad ranges of input voltage and load current. 3 Advanced Power Electronics Corp. APE1816 FUNCTION PIN DESCRIPTION Setting The Output Voltage Application circuit item shows the basic application circuit with adjustable output version. The external resistor sets the output voltage according to the following equation: V OUT R5 ⎞ ⎛ = 0.8V × ⎜1 + ⎟ ⎝ R6 ⎠ Table 1 Resistor select for output voltage setting VOUT R6 R5 5V 1.3K 6.8K 3.3V 1.5K 4.7K 2.5V 2.2K 4.7K 1.8V 2K 2.5K 1.5V 2.2K 2.0K 1.2V 3K 1.5K 1.0V 3K 0.75K RDS (ON) Current Limiting The current limit threshold is setting by the external resistor (R2) connecting from VCC supply to OCSET pin. The internal 110uA sink current crossing the resistor sets the voltage at pin of OCSET. When the PWM voltage is less than the voltage at OCSET, an overcurrent condition is triggered. Please refer to the formula for setting the current limit value: ISW(MIN) = IOCSET × R2 + 0.05 R DS(ON) (Normally, The ISW(MAX) setting more than IOUT 1.0A .) Example: ISW = (110u x 2K + 0.05)/ 45m= 6.67A (VIN=12V) ISW = (110u x 3.75K + 0.05)/ 70m= 6.6A (VIN=5V) (TA=25°C) Inductor Selection For most designs, the operating inductor range is 10µH to 15µH. The inductor value can be derived from the following equation: L = V OUT V IN × (V IN −V OUT ) × ∆I L × f OSC Where is inductor Ripple Current. Large value inductors lower ripple current and small value inductors result in high ripple currents. Choose inductor ripple current approximately 15% of the maximum load current 5A, Δ IL=0.75A. The DC current rating of the inductor should be at least equal to the maximum load current plus half the ripple current to prevent core saturation (5A+0.38A) 4 Advanced Power Electronics Corp. APE1816 FUNCTION PIN DESCRIPTION Input Capacitor The input current to the step-down converter is discontinuous, and so a capacitor is required to supply the AC current to the step-down converter while maintaining the DC input voltage. A low-ESR capacitor is required to keep the noise at the IC to a minimum. The low-ESR electrolytic capacitor may also suffice. The input capacitor value should be greater than 470µ F. However since it absorbs the input switching current it requires an adequate ripple current rating. Its RMS current rating should be greater than approximately 1/2 of the DC load current. For insuring stable operation CIN should be placed as close to the IC as possible. Alternately a smaller high quality ceramic 0.1uF capacitor may be placed closer to the IC and a larger capacitor placed further away. If using this technique, it is recommended that the larger capacitor be a electrolytic type. Output Capacitor The output capacitor is required to maintain the DC output voltage. Low ESR capacitors are preferred to keep the output voltage ripple low. The characteristics of the output capacitor also affect the stability of the regulation control system. The low-ESR electrolytic capacitors are recommended. The output capacitor value should be greater than 470µF. 5 Advanced Power Electronics Corp. APE1816 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS Output Voltage vs. Output Current Output Voltage vs. Load Current 3.40 O u tp u t V o lta g e , V O U T (V ) 100% E ffic ie n c y (% ) 80% 60% 40% 20% － 12V to 5V － 5V to 3.3V 1 2 3 4 3.36 3.34 3.32 3.30 3.28 3.26 3.24 3.22 3.20 0% 0 3.38 0A 5 0.5A 1A 1.5A 2A 2.5A 3A Output Current , IOUT (A) Output Current, IOUT (A) Current Limit Level (Peak Current) vs. Junction Temperature Output Voltage vs. Input Voltage 3.4 14 3.35 Output Voltage , VOUT (V) C u rre n t L im it L e v e l , I L IM (A ) 12 10 8 6 4 2 3.3 3.25 3.2 3.15 3.1 3.05 3 0 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 4 6 Junction Temperature , TJ (℃) VIN Input Current vs. Supply Voltage 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 0 7 8 9 10 11 Supply Voltage , VIN (V) 12 14 0.82 R e fe re n c e V o lta g e ,V R E F (V ) V IN In p u t C u r r e n t , I V IN (m A ) 3 6 10 Reference Voltage vs. Junction Temperature VOUT =3.3V 3.5 5 8 Input Voltage , VIN (V) 12 13 14 0.816 0.812 0.808 0.804 0.8 0.796 0.792 0.788 0.784 0.78 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 Junction Temperature , TJ (℃) 6 Advanced Power Electronics Corp. APE1816 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS Oscillator Frequency vs. Junction Temperature 440 Oscillator Frequency ,F osc (K Hz) 420 400 380 360 340 320 300 280 260 240 220 200 -50 -30 -10 10 30 50 70 90 110 130 150 Junction Temperature , TJ (℃) Power ON VIN=12V, VOUT = 3.3V, IOUT = 3A, L1=10uH Power OFF VIN=12V, VOUT = 3.3V, IOUT = 3A, L1=10uH VIN VIN VOUT VOUT IOUT IOUT Current Limit VOUT IOUT Load Transient Response VOUT IOUT 7 Advanced Power Electronics Corp. APE1816 MARKING INFORMATION ESOP-8 Part Number Package Code 1816MP YWWSSS Date Code (YWWSSS) Y：Last Digit Of The Year WW：Week SSS：Sequence 8 Advanced Power Electronics Corp. APE1816 PACKAGE OUTLINES H E Expose Pad Y X θ L DETAIL A b D e y A1 C A A2 7 (4X) Dimensions in Millimeters Min. Nom. Max. A 1.75 A1 0 0.15 A2 1.25 C 0.1 0.2 0.25 D 4.7 4.9 5.1 E 3.7 3.9 4.1 H 5.8 6 6.2 L 0.4 1.27 b 0.31 0.41 0.51 e 1.27 BSC y 0.1 X 2.34 Y 2.34 θ 0O 8O Mold flash shall not exceed 0.25mm per side JEDEC outline: MS-012 BA Symbol DETAIL A Dimensions in Inches Min. Nom. Max. 0.069 0 0.06 0.049 0.0075 0.008 0.01 0.185 0.193 0.2 0.146 0.154 0.161 0.228 0.236 0.244 0.015 0.05 0.012 0.016 0.02 0.050 BSC 0.004 0.092 0.092 0O 8O