NICHIA STS-DA1-1447A <Cat.No.110310> NICHIA CORPORATION SPECIFICATIONS FOR WARM WHITE LED NS3L183T-H3 ● Pb-free Reflow Soldering Application ● Built-in ESD Protection Device ● RoHS Compliant NICHIA STS-DA1-1447A <Cat.No.110310> SPECIFICATIONS (1) Absolute Maximum Ratings Symbol Absolute Maximum Rating Unit Forward Current Item IF 400 mA Pulse Forward Current IFP 600 mA Allowable Reverse Current IR 85 mA Power Dissipation PD 1.60 W Operating Temperature Topr -40~100 °C Storage Temperature Tstg -40~100 °C Junction Temperature TJ 135 °C * Absolute Maximum Ratings at TA=25°C. * IFP conditions with pulse width ≤10ms and duty cycle ≤10%. (2) Initial Electrical/Optical Characteristics Symbol Condition Typ Unit Forward Voltage Item VF IF=350mA 3.5 V Luminous Flux Φv IF=350mA 95 lm Iv IF=350mA 32 cd - IF=350mA 0.41 - - IF=350mA 0.39 - Ra IF=350mA 85 - Luminous Intensity Chromaticity Coordinate x y Color Rendering * Characteristics at TA=25°C. * Luminous Flux value is traceable to the CIE 127:2007-compliant national standards. * The Chromaticity Coordinates are derived from the CIE 1931 Chromaticity Diagram. 1 NICHIA STS-DA1-1447A <Cat.No.110310> RANKS Item Forward Voltage Luminous Flux Color Rendering Rank Min Max M 3.6 4.0 L 3.2 3.6 K 2.8 3.2 B10 100 110 B09 90 100 B08 80 90 B07 70 80 - 75 - Unit V lm - Color Ranks Rank sw27 Rank sw30 x 0.4373 0.4562 0.4813 0.4593 x 0.4147 0.4299 0.4562 0.4373 y 0.3893 0.4260 0.4319 0.3944 y 0.3814 0.4165 0.4260 0.3893 Rank sw35 Rank sw40 x 0.3898 0.3996 0.4299 0.4147 x 0.3670 0.3736 0.3996 0.3898 y 0.3716 0.4015 0.4165 0.3814 y 0.3578 0.3874 0.4015 0.3716 x 0.3515 0.3548 0.3736 0.3670 y 0.3487 0.3736 0.3874 0.3578 Rank sw45 * Ranking at TA=25°C. * Tolerance of measurements of the Forward Voltage is ±3%. * Tolerance of measurements of the Luminous Flux is ±7%. * Tolerance of measurements of the Color Rendering is ±5. * Tolerance of measurements of the Chromaticity Coordinate is ±0.01. * Basically, a shipment shall consist of the LEDs of a combination of the above ranks. The percentage of each rank in the shipment shall be determined by Nichia. Correspondence table of Color Coordinates - Luminous Flux ranks Ranking by Luminous Flux Ranking by B07 B08 B09 B10 Color Coordinates sw27,sw30 sw35,sw40,sw45 2 NICHIA STS-DA1-1447A <Cat.No.110310> CHROMATICITY DIAGRAM 0.50 0.45 s w27 sw30 0.40 s w35 y s w40 sw45 0.35 0.30 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45 0.50 0.55 x 3 NICHIA STS-DA1-1447A <Cat.No.110310> OUTLINE DIMENSIONS * 本製品はRoHS指令に適合しております。 This product complies with RoHS Directive. 管理番号 No. NSxx183x-H3 STS-DA7-0380B (単位 Unit: mm, 公差 Tolerance: (単位 Unit:±0.2) mm) Cathode Mark 5 （4.3） 3.5 6.5 （4.3） 5 1.6 1.35 0.5 1.06 3.7 2.05 1.1 0.5 Cathode 3.1 項目 Item 内容 Description パッケージ材質 Package Materials 電極材質 Electrodes Materials 耐熱性ポリマー Heat-Resistant Polymer シリコーン樹脂 （拡散剤+蛍光体入り） Silicone Resin (with diffuser and phosphor) 銅合金+銀メッキ Ag-plated Copper Alloy 質量 Weight 0.13g(TYP) 封止樹脂材質 Encapsulating Resin Materials Anode 4.7 K A 保護素子 Protection Device 4 NICHIA STS-DA1-1447A <Cat.No.110310> SOLDERING • Recommended Reflow Soldering Condition(Lead-free Solder) 1 to 5°C per sec 260°C Max 10sec Max Pre-heat 180 to 200°C 60sec Max Above 220°C 120sec Max Anode 3.9 (4.3) ● Recommended Soldering Pad Pattern (9.5) Cathode 1 Cathode 2 1.1 4.5 8 (単位 Unit: mm) Blank boxes: Solder resist opening , Shaded areas: Footprint Cathode 1 and Cathode 2 should be soldered to a PCB. * The product is designed to be reflow soldered to a PCB. If you use dip soldering or manual soldering for the products, Nichia cannot guarantee its reliability. * Reflow soldering must not be performed more than twice. * Care should be taken to avoid cooling at a rapid rate and ensure the peak temperature ramps down slowly. * Customer is advised to use nitrogen reflow soldering as air flow process can cause optical degradation due to the heat and atmosphere of reflow soldering. * Since silicone used as encapsulating resin in this product is a soft material, do not press on the encapsulant. Failure to comply might lead to nicks, chip-outs, delamination and deformation of the encapsulant, wire breakage and an adverse effect on product reliability. * Repairing should not be done after the LEDs have been soldered. When repairing is unavoidable, a hot plate should be used. It should be confirmed beforehand whether the characteristics of the LEDs will or will not be damaged by repairing. * The Cathode 2 should be soldered to customer PCB. If it is difficult or impossible, use high heat-dissipating adhesive. * When soldering, avoid applying any stress to the LED package while heated. 5 NICHIA STS-DA1-1447A <Cat.No.110310> TAPE AND REEL DIMENSIONS Nxxx183x 管理番号 No. STS-DA7-0152A Φ1.5+0.1 -0 8±0.1 2±0.05 4±0.1 0.2±0.05 (単位 Unit: mm) 6.7±0.1 5.5±0.05 12+0.3 -0.1 Cathode Mark 1.75±0.1 テーピング部 Tape Φ1.5+0.2 -0 1.55±0.1 5.2±0.1 エンボスキャリアテープ Embossed Carrier Tape トレーラ部/リーダ部 Trailer and Leader トップカバーテープ Top Cover Tape 引き出し方向 Feed Direction トレーラ部最小160mm（空部） Trailer 160mm MIN(Empty Pockets) LED装着部 Loaded Pockets 引き出し部最小100mm（空部） Leader with Top Cover Tape 100mm MIN(Empty Pocket) リーダ部最小400mm Leader without Top Cover Tape 400mm MIN リール部 Reel 180+0 -3 15.4±1 13+1 -0 * 数量は1リールにつき 1400個入りです。 Quantity per reel=1400pcs Φ * JIS C 0806電子部品テーピングに準拠しています。 ± 21 ラベル Label Φ 13 ± 0 .2 Φ60+1 -0 8 0. The tape packing method complies with JIS C 0806 (Packaging of Electronic Components on Continuous Tapes). 6 NICHIA STS-DA1-1447A <Cat.No.110310> PACKAGING - TAPE & REEL シリカゲルとともにリールをアルミ防湿袋に入れ、熱シールにより封をします。 The reel is placed in the moisture proof bag with a moisture absorbent material. The bag is heat sealed. 管理番号 No. Nxxxxxxx STS-DA7-0006A ラベル Label シリカゲル Moisture Absorbent Material リール Reel XXXX LED TYPE Nxxxxxxx ******* LOT YMxxxx-RRR QTY. PCS RoHS NICHIA CORPORATION 491 OKA, KAMINAKA, ANAN, TOKUSHIMA, JAPAN 熱シール Seal アルミ防湿袋 Moisture Proof Foil Bag アルミ防湿袋を並べて入れ、ダンボールで仕切ります。 The moisture proof foil bags are packed in a cardboard box with corrugated partition. ラベル Label XXXX LED TYPE Nxxxxxxx ******* RANK RRR QTY. PCS RoHS NICHIA CORPORATION 491 OKA, KAMINAKA, ANAN, TOKUSHIMA, JAPAN Nichia LED * 客先型名を*******で示します。 客先型名が設定されていない場合は空白です。 ******* is the customer part number. If not provided, it is not indicated on the label. * ロット表記方法についてはロット番号の項を 参照して下さい。 For details, see "LOT NUMBERING SCHEME" in this document. * ランク分けがない場合はランク表記はありません。 The label does not have the RANK field for un-ranked products. * 本製品はテーピングしたのち、輸送の衝撃から保護するためダンボールで梱包します。 The products are taped and reeled, and then packed in moisture-proof bags. The moisture-proof bags are packed in cardboard boxes to prevent damage during shipment. * 取り扱いに際して、落下させたり、強い衝撃を与えたりしますと、製品を損傷させる原因になりますので注意して下さい。 Do not drop the cardboard box or expose it to shock. If the box falls, the products could be damaged. * ダンボールには防水加工がされておりませんので、梱包箱が水に濡れないよう注意して下さい。 The cardboard box is not water-resistant. Do not expose to water. * 輸送、運搬に際して弊社よりの梱包状態あるいは同等の梱包を行って下さい。 Customer is advised to pack the products in the original packaging or equivalent in transit. 7 NICHIA STS-DA1-1447A <Cat.No.110310> LOT NUMBERING SCHEME Lot Number is presented by using the following alphanumeric code. YMxxxx - RRR Y - Year Year Y 2009 9 2010 A 2011 B 2012 C 2013 D 2014 E M - Month Month M Month M 1 1 7 7 2 2 8 8 3 3 9 9 4 4 10 A 5 5 11 B 6 6 12 C xxxx-Nichia's Product Number RRR-Ranking by Color Coordinates, Ranking by Luminous Flux, Ranking by Forward Voltage 8 NICHIA STS-DA1-1447A <Cat.No.110310> DERATING CHARACTERISTICS 管理番号 No. 周囲温度-許容順電流特性 Ambient Temperature vs Allowable Forward Current Derating1 カソード側はんだ接合部温度-許容順電流特性 Solder Temperature(Cathode Side) vs Allowable Forward Current RθJA =40°C/W RθJA =70°C/W Derating2 500 (75, 400) 300 (100, 230) 200 (100, 125) 100 Allowable Forward Current(mA) (30, 400) 400 許容順電流 許容順電流 500 Allowable Forward Current(mA) NS3L183-H3 STS-DA7-0687 (100, 400) 400 300 200 100 0 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 0 20 40 60 80 100 周囲温度 カソード側はんだ接合部温度 Ambient Temperature(°C) Solder Temperature(Cathode Side)(°C) デューティー比-許容順電流特性 Duty Ratio vs Allowable Forward Current Duty 120 TA =25°C 1000 許容順電流 Allowable Forward Current(mA) 600 400 100 10 1 10 100 デューティー比 Duty Ratio(%) 9 NICHIA STS-DA1-1447A <Cat.No.110310> OPTICAL CHARACTERISTICS * 本特性は参考です。 All characteristics shown are for reference only and are not guaranteed. 管理番号 No. NS3L183-H3 STS-DA7-0688 T A=25°C IFP=350mA 発光スペクトル Spectrum Spectrum 1.0 相対発光強度 Relative Emission Intensity(a.u.) 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.0 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800 波長 Wavelength(nm) Directivity1 指向特性 Directivity T A=25°C IFP=350mA -20° -10° 0° 10° 20° 30° -30° 40° -40° 50° 放射角度 Radiation Angle -50° -60° 60° -70° 70° 80° -80° -90° 90° 1 0.5 0 0.5 1 相対照度 Relative Illuminance(a.u.) 10 NICHIA STS-DA1-1447A <Cat.No.110310> FORWARD CURRENT CHARACTERISTICS / TEMPERATURE CHARACTERISTICS * 本特性は参考です。 All characteristics shown are for reference only and are not guaranteed. 順電圧-順電流特性 Forward Voltage vs Forward Current 管理番号 No. 周囲温度-順電圧特性 Ambient Temperature vs Forward Voltage VfIf T A=25°C 1000 NS3L183-H3 STS-DA7-0689 TaVf IFP= 350 mA 4.5 600 4.0 順電圧 Forward Voltage(V) 順電流 Forward Current(mA) 350 100 3.5 3.0 2.5 10 2.0 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 -60 -40 -20 順電圧 Forward Voltage(V) 順電流-相対光束特性 Forward Current vs Relative Luminous Flux 20 40 60 80 100 120 周囲温度 Ambient Temperature(°C) 周囲温度-相対光束特性 Ambient Temperature vs Relative Luminous Flux IfIv T A=25°C TaIv IFP= 350 mA 1.4 2.5 2.0 相対光束 Relative Luminous Flux(a.u.) 相対光束 Relative Luminous Flux(a.u.) 0 1.5 1.0 0.5 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.0 0 100 200 300 400 500 順電流 Forward Current(mA) 600 700 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 周囲温度 Ambient Temperature(°C) 11 NICHIA STS-DA1-1447A <Cat.No.110310> FORWARD CURRENT CHARACTERISTICS / TEMPERATURE CHARACTERISTICS * 本特性は参考です。 All characteristics shown are for reference only and are not guaranteed. 順電流-色度特性 Forward Current vs Chromaticity Coordinate 管理番号 No. NS3L183-H3 STS-DA7-0690 Ifxy TA =25°C 0.38 0.37 20mA 350mA y 600mA 0.36 0.35 0.34 0.34 0.35 0.36 0.37 0.38 x 周囲温度-色度特性 Ambient Temperature vs Chromaticity Coordinate Taxy I FP= 350 mA 0.38 0.37 -40°C y 0°C 25°C 50°C 100°C 0.36 0.35 0.34 0.34 0.35 0.36 0.37 0.38 x * 本特性は色度ランクsw40, sw45(ランク座標範囲内の特別ランクを含む)に対応しています。 The graphs above show the characteristics for sw40 and sw45 LEDs, including sub-bins, of this product. 12 NICHIA STS-DA1-1447A <Cat.No.110310> FORWARD CURRENT CHARACTERISTICS / TEMPERATURE CHARACTERISTICS * 本特性は参考です。 All characteristics shown are for reference only and are not guaranteed. 順電流-色度特性 Forward Current vs Chromaticity Coordinate 管理番号 No. NS3L183-H3 STS-DA7-0715 Ifxy TA =25°C 0.41 0.40 y 20mA 350mA 0.39 600mA 0.38 0.37 0.39 0.40 0.41 0.42 0.43 x 周囲温度-色度特性 Ambient Temperature vs Chromaticity Coordinate Taxy I FP= 350 mA 0.41 y 0.40 0.39 100°C -40°C 0°C 25°C 50°C 0.38 0.37 0.39 0.40 0.41 0.42 0.43 x * 本特性は色度ランクsw27, sw30, sw35(ランク座標範囲内の特別ランクを含む )に対応しています。 The graphs above show the characteristics for sw27, sw30 and sw35 LEDs, including sub-bins, of this product. 13 NICHIA STS-DA1-1447A <Cat.No.110310> RELIABILITY (1) Tests and Results Reference Test Standard Resistance to Test Test Conditions Duration JEITA ED-4701 Tsld=260°C, 10sec, 2reflows, 300 301 Precondition: 30°C, 70%RH, 168hr Solderability JEITA ED-4701 Tsld=245±5°C, 5sec, (Reflow Soldering) 303 303A Lead-free Solder(Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu) JEITA ED-4701 -40°C(30min)~25°C(5min)~ 100 105 100°C(30min)~25°C(5min) Moisture Resistance JEITA ED-4701 25°C~65°C~-10°C, 90%RH, (Cyclic) 200 203 24hr per cycle High Temperature JEITA ED-4701 Storage 200 201 Temperature Humidity JEITA ED-4701 Storage 100 103 Low Temperature JEITA ED-4701 Storage 200 202 Soldering Heat (Reflow Soldering) Temperature Cycle #2 0/22 100cycles #1 0/50 10cycles #1 0/22 TA=100°C 1000hours #1 0/22 TA=60°C, RH=90% 1000hours #1 0/22 TA=-40°C 1000hours #1 0/22 1000hours #1 0/22 1000hours #1 0/22 500hours #1 0/22 1000hours #1 0/22 48minutes #1 0/22 #1 0/22 #1 0/22 Operating Life Test board: See NOTES below High Temperature TA=100°C, IF=125mA Operating Life Test board: See NOTES below Temperature Humidity 60°C, RH=90%, IF=250mA Operating Life Test board: See NOTES below Low Temperature TA=-40°C, IF=350mA Operating Life Test board: See NOTES below JEITA ED-4701 200m/s2, 100~2000~100Hz, 400 403 4cycles, 4min, each X, Y, Z JEITA ED-4701 HBM, 2kV, 1.5kΩ, 100pF, 3pulses, 300 304 alternately positive or negative Soldering Joint Shear JEITA ED-4702B Strength 002 3 Failed/Tested 0/22 TA=25°C, IF=400mA Electrostatic Discharges # Units #1 Room Temperature Vibration Failure Criteria 5N, 10±1sec NOTES: 1) Test board: FR4 board thickness=1.6mm, copper layer thickness=0.07mm, RθJA≈70°C/W 2) Measurements are performed after allowing the LEDs to return to room temperature. (2) Failure Criteria Criteria # #1 #2 Items Conditions Failure Criteria Forward Voltage(VF) IF=350mA >Initial value×1.1 Luminous Flux(ΦV) IF=350mA <Initial value×0.7 Solderability - Less than 95% solder coverage 14 NICHIA STS-DA1-1447A <Cat.No.110310> CAUTIONS (1) Storage Conditions Storage Temperature Humidity Time Before Opening Aluminum Bag ≤30°C ≤90%RH Within 1 Year from Delivery Date After Opening Aluminum Bag ≤30°C ≤70%RH ≤168hours 65±5°C - ≥24hours Baking ● This product is compliant to JEDEC MSL 3 or equivalent. See IPC/JEDEC STD-020 for the details of the moisture sensitivity levels. ● Interface delamination can occur due to vaporization and expansion of absorbed moisture in the LED packages caused by soldering heat, which may result in degradation in optical performance. To minimize moisture absorption into the products during the transportation and storage, the products are packed in a moisture-proof aluminum bag. Desiccants (silica gel) inside the packing turn from blue to red as it absorbs moisture. ● After opening the moisture-proof aluminum bag, the products should be completed soldering process within the range of the conditions above. If unused LEDs remain, they should be stored with desiccants (silica gel) in hermetically sealed container. Nichia recommends using the original moisture-proof bag for storage. ● After the "Period After Opening" specified above, or if the desiccants (silica gel) are no longer blue, the products need to be baked. Note that baking must only be done once. ● Customer is advised to keep the LEDs in an airtight container when not in use as exposure to a corrosive environment might cause the plated metal parts of the product to tarnish, which might lead to difficulties in soldering and/or adverse effects on optical characteristics. It is also recommended to return the LEDs to the original moisture proof bag and seal the moisture proof bag again. ● After assembly and during use, silver plating can be affected by the corrosive gases emitted by components and materials in close proximity of the LEDs within an end product, and the gases entering into the product from the external atmosphere. The above should be taken into consideration when designing. After assembly and during use, silver plating can be affected by the corrosive gases emitted by components and materials in close proximity of the LEDs within an end product, and the gases entering into the product from the external atmosphere. The above should be taken into consideration when designing. Resin materials, in particular, may contain substances which affects on silver plating, such as halogen. ● To avoid condensation, the products must not be stored in the areas where temperature and humidity fluctuate greatly. (2) Directions for Use ● In designing a circuit, the current through each LED must not exceed the Absolute Maximum Rating specified for each LED. It is recommended to use Circuit B which regulates the current flowing through each LED. In the meanwhile, when driving LEDs with a constant voltage in Circuit A, the current through the LEDs may vary due to the variation in Forward Voltage characteristics of the LEDs. (A) (B) ... ... ● This product should be operated in forward bias. A driving circuit must be designed so that the product is not subjected to either forward or reverse voltage while it is off. In particular, if a reverse voltage is continuously applied to the product, such operation can cause migration resulting in LED damage. ● For stabilizing the LED characteristics, it is recommended to operate at 10% of the rated current or higher. ● For outdoor use, necessary measures should be taken to prevent water, moisture and salt air damage. 15 NICHIA STS-DA1-1447A <Cat.No.110310> (3) Handling Precautions ● When handling the product, do not touch it directly with bare hands as it may contaminate the surface and affect on optical characteristics. In the worst cases, excessive force to the product might result in catastrophic failure due to package damage and/or wire breakage. ● When handling the product with tweezers, make sure that excessive force is not applied to the resin portion of the product. Failure to comply can cause the resin portion of the product to be cut, chipped, delaminated and/or deformed, and wire to be broken, and thus resulting in catastrophic failure. ● If the product is dropped, it might be damaged. ● Do not stack assembled PCBs together. Failure to comply can cause the resin portion of the product to be cut, chipped, delaminated and/or deformed, and wire to be broken, and thus resulting in catastrophic failure. (4) Design Consideration ● PCB warpage after mounting the products onto a PCB can cause the package to brake. The LEDs should be placed so as to minimize the stress on the LEDs due to PCB bow and twist. ● The position and orientation of the LEDs affect how much mechanical stress is exerted on the LEDs placed near the score lines. The LEDs should be placed so as to minimize the stress on the LEDs due to board flexing. ● Board separation must be performed using special jigs, not with hands. (5) Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) ● The products are sensitive to static electricity or surge voltage. An ESD event may damage its die or reduce its reliability performance. When handling the products, measures against electro static discharge, including the followings, are strongly recommended. Eliminating the charge; Wrist strap, ESD footwear and garments, ESD floors Grounding the equipment and tools at workstation ESD table/shelf mat (conductive materials) ● Proper grounding techniques are required for all devices, equipment and machinery used in the assembly of the products. Also note that surge protection should be considered in the design of customer products. ● If tools or equipment contain insulating materials, such as glass or plastic, proper measures against electro static discharge, including the followings, are strongly recommended. Dissipating the charge with conductive materials Preventing the charge generation with moisture Neutralizing the charge with ionizers ● When performing the characteristics inspection of the LEDs in your application, customer is advised to check on the LEDs whether or not they are damaged by ESD. Such damage can be detected during forward voltage measurement at low current. (the recommended current is 3mA or lower) ● ESD-damaged LEDs may have a current flow at low voltage. Failure Criteria: VF<2.0V at IF=1.5mA 16 NICHIA STS-DA1-1447A <Cat.No.110310> (6) Thermal Management ● Thermal management is an important factor when designing your product by using the LEDs. The rise in LED die temperature can be affected by PCB thermal resistance or/and LED spacing as mounted on the board. Customer is advised to design the product to ensure that the LED die temperature does not exceed the required maximum Junction Temperature (TJ). ● Drive current should be determined for the surrounding ambient temperature (TA) to dissipate the heat from the product. ● The following equations can be used to calculate the junction temperature of the products. 1) TJ=TA+RθJA･W 2) TJ=TS+RθJS･W *TJ=LED junction temperature: °C TA=Ambient temperature: °C TS=Soldering temperature (cathode side): °C RθJA=Thermal resistance from junction to ambient: °C/W RθJS=Thermal resistance from junction to TS measuring point≈15°C/W W=Input power(IF×VF): W Ts Point (7) Cleaning ● If required, isopropyl alcohol (IPA) should be used. Other solvents may cause premature failure to the LEDs due to the damage to the resin portion. The effects of such solvents should be verified prior to use. In addition, the use of CFCs such as Freon is heavily regulated. ● Ultrasonic cleaning is not recommended for the LEDs since it may adversely effect on the LEDs by the ultrasonic power and LED assembled condition. If it is unavoidable, customer is advised to check prior to use that the cleaning will not damage the LEDs. (8) Eye Safety ● The International Electrical Commission (IEC) published in 2006, IEC 62471:2006 Photobiological safety of lamps and lamp systems which includes LEDs within its scope. Meanwhile LEDs were removed from the scope of the IEC 60825-1:2007 laser safety standard, the 2001 edition of which included LED sources within its scope. However, keep it mind that some countries and regions have adopted standards based on the IEC laser safety standard IEC 60825-1:2001 which includes LEDs within its scope. Following IEC 62471:2006, most of Nichia LEDs can be classified as belonging to either Exempt Group or Risk Group 1. Especially a high-power LED, that emits light containing blue wavelengths, may be in Risk Group 2. Great care should be taken when viewing directly the LED driven at high current or the LED with optical instruments, which greatly increase the hazard to your eyes. ● Viewing a flashing light may cause eye discomfort. When incorporating the LED into your product, precaution should be taken to avoid adverse effect on human body caused by the light stimulus. (9) Others ● The LEDs described in this brochure are intended to be used for ordinary electronic equipment (such as office equipment, communications equipment, measurement instruments and household appliances). Consult Nichia's sales staff in advance for information on the applications in which exceptional quality and reliability are required, particularly when the failure or malfunction of the LEDs may directly jeopardize life or health (such as for airplanes, aerospace, submersible repeaters, nuclear reactor control system, automobiles, traffic control equipment, life support systems and safety devices). ● The customer shall not reverse engineer by disassembling or analysis of the LEDs without having prior written consent from Nichia. When defective LEDs are found, the customer shall inform Nichia directly before disassembling or analysis. ● Customer and Nichia shall agree the official specification of supplied products prior to the start of a customer’s volume production. ● The appearance and specifications of the product may be modified for improvement without notice. 17