A1363 Low Noise, High Precision, Programmable Linear Hall Effect Sensor IC With Advanced Temperature Compensation and High Bandwidth (120 kHz) Analog Output DESCRIPTION FEATURES AND BENEFITS • Proprietary segmented linear interpolated temperature compensation (TC) technology provides a typical accuracy of 1% across the full operating temperature range • Customer programmable, high resolution offset and sensitivity trim • Factory programmed sensitivity and quiescent output voltage TC with extremely stable temperature performance • High sensitivity Hall element for maximum accuracy • Extremely low noise and high resolution achieved via proprietary Hall element and low noise amplifier circuits • 120 kHz nominal bandwidth achieved via proprietary packaging and chopper stabilization techniques • Patented circuits suppress IC output spiking during fast current step inputs The Allegro™ A1363 programmable linear Hall-effect current sensor IC has been designed to achieve high accuracy and resolution without compromising bandwidth. The goal is achieved through new proprietary linearly interpolated temperature compensation technology that is programmed at the Allegro factory and provides sensitivity and offset that are virtually flat across the full operating temperature range. Temperature compensation is done in the digital domain with integrated EEPROM technology, without sacrificing the analog signal path 120 kHz bandwidth, making this device ideal for HEV inverter, DC-to-DC converter, and electric power steering (EPS) applications. This ratiometric Hall-effect sensor IC provides a voltage output that is proportional to the applied magnetic field. The customer can conFigure the sensitivity and quiescent (zero field) output voltage through programming on the VCC and output pins, to optimize performance in the end application. The quiescent output voltage is user-adjustable around 50% of the supply voltage, VCC , and the output sensitivity is adjustable within the range of 0.6 to 14 mV/G. Continued on the next page… Package: 4-pin SIP (suffix KT) 1 mm case thickness The sensor IC incorporates a highly sensitive Hall element with a BiCMOS interface integrated circuit that employs a low noise small-signal high-gain amplifier, a clamped low-impedance Not to scale Continued on the next page… V+ VCC (Programming) To all subcircuits Programming Control Temperature Sensor C BYPASS EEPROM and Control Logic Dynamic Offset Cancellation Sensitivity Control Offset Control Signal Recovery GND Functional Block Diagram A1363-DS, Rev. 6 VOUT (Programming) CL Low Noise, High Precision, Programmable Linear Hall Effect Sensor IC With Advanced Temperature Compensation And High Bandwidth (120 kHz) Analog Output A1363 Features and Benefits (continued) Description (continued) • Open circuit detection on ground pin (broken wire) • Undervoltage lockout for VCC below specification • Selectable sensitivity range between 0.6 and 14 mV/G through use of coarse sensitivity programming bits • Ratiometric sensitivity, quiescent voltage output, and clamps for interfacing with application A-to-D converter (ADC) • Precise recoverability after temperature cycling • Output voltage clamps provide short circuit diagnostic capabilities • Wide ambient temperature range: –40°C to 150°C • Immune to mechanical stress • Extremely thin package: 1 mm case thickness • AEC Q-100 automotive qualified output stage, and a proprietary, high bandwidth dynamic offset cancellation technique. These advances in Hall-effect technology work together to provide an industry leading sensing resolution at the full 120 kHz bandwidth. Broken ground wire detection as well as user-selectable output voltage clamps also are built into this device, for high reliability in automotive applications. Selection Guide Part Number A1363LKTTN-1-T A1363LKTTN-2-T A1363LKTTN-5-T A1363LKTTN-10-T 1 2 Packing1 4000 pieces per 13-in. reel 4000 pieces per 13-in. reel 4000 pieces per 13-in. reel 4000 pieces per 13-in. reel Device parameters are specified across an extended ambient temperature range: –40°C to 150°C. The A1363 sensor IC is provided in an extremely thin case (1 mm thick), 4-pin SIP (single in-line package, suffix KT) that is lead (Pb) free, with 100% matte tin lead frame plating. Sensitivity Range2 (mV/G) SENS_COARSE 00: 0.6 to 1.3 SENS_COARSE 01: 1.3 to 2.9 SENS_COARSE 10: 2.9 to 6.4 SENS_COARSE 11: 6.4 to 14 Contact Allegro for additional packing options Allegro recommends against changing Coarse Sensitivity settings when programming devices that will be used in production. Each A1363 has been Factory Temperature Compensated at a specific Sensitivity Range and changing coarse bits setting could cause sensitivity drift through temperature range ,ΔSensTC , to exceed specified limits.. Specifications Pin-out Diagram and Terminal List Thermal Characteristics Characteristic Performance Data Characteristic Definitions Functional Description Programming Sensitivity and Quiescent Voltage Output Coarse Sensitivity Memory Locking Mechanisms Power-On Reset (POR) and Undervoltage Lock-Out (UVLO) Operation Detecting Broken Ground Wire Chopper Stabilization Technique Table of Contents 2 3 4 9 13 18 18 18 18 19 20 21 Programming Serial Interface 22 Transaction Types 22 Writing the Access Code 22 Writing to Volatile Memory 22 Writing to EEPROM 23 Reading from EEPROM or Volatile Memory 23 Error Checking 23 Serial Interface Reference 24 Serial Interface Message Structure 25 VCC Levels During Manchester Communication 25 EEPROM Cell Organization 27 EEPROM Error Checking and Correction (ECC)28 Detecting ECC Error 28 Package Drawing 29 Allegro MicroSystems, LLC 115 Northeast Cutoff Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 U.S.A. 1.508.853.5000; www.allegromicro.com 2 A1363 Low Noise, High Precision, Programmable Linear Hall Effect Sensor IC With Advanced Temperature Compensation And High Bandwidth (120 kHz) Analog Output SPECIFICATIONS Absolute Maximum Ratings Characteristic Symbol Notes Rating Unit Forward Supply Voltage VCC 6 V Reverse Supply Voltage VRCC –0.1 V Forward Output Voltage VOUT 25 V Reverse Output Voltage VROUT –0.1 V Output Source Current IOUT(source) VOUT to GND 10 mA IOUT(sink) VCC to VOUT 10 mA 100 cycle –40 to 150 ºC Output Sink Current Maximum Number of EEPROM Write Cycles EEPROMW(max) Operating Ambient Temperature TA Storage Temperature Maximum Junction Temperature L temperature range Tstg –65 to 165 ºC TJ(max) 165 ºC Terminal List Table 1 Number Name 1 VCC 2 VOUT 3 NC 4 GND Function Input power supply, use bypass capacitor to connect to ground; also used for programming Output signal, also used for programming No connection; connect to GND for optimal ESD performance Ground 2 3 4 Pin-out Diagram (Ejector pin mark on opposite side) Allegro MicroSystems, LLC 115 Northeast Cutoff Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 U.S.A. 1.508.853.5000; www.allegromicro.com 3 Low Noise, High Precision, Programmable Linear Hall Effect Sensor IC With Advanced Temperature Compensation And High Bandwidth (120 kHz) Analog Output A1363 Thermal Characteristics may require derating at maximum conditions, see application information Characteristic Symbol Package Thermal Resistance RθJA Test Conditions* On 1-layer PCB with exposed copper limited to solder pads Value Unit 174 ºC/W *Additional thermal information available on the Allegro website Power Dissipation versus Ambient Temperature 900 800 600 (R 500 θJ A = 17 4 ºC 400 /W ) Power Dissipation, PD (mW) 700 300 200 100 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 Temperature, TA (°C) 160 180 Allegro MicroSystems, LLC 115 Northeast Cutoff Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 U.S.A. 1.508.853.5000; www.allegromicro.com 4 Low Noise, High Precision, Programmable Linear Hall Effect Sensor IC With Advanced Temperature Compensation And High Bandwidth (120 kHz) Analog Output A1363 OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS: valid through the full operating temperature range, TA, CBYPASS = 0.1 µF, VCC = 5 V; unless otherwise specified Characteristics Symbol Test Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit1 Electrical Characteristics Supply Voltage VCC 4.5 5.0 5.5 V Supply Current ICC No load on VOUT – 10 15 mA Power-On Time2 tPO TA = 25°C, CBYPASS = Open, CL = 1 nF, Sens = 2 mV/G, constant magnetic field of 400 G – 78 – µs Temperature Compensation Power-On Time2 tTC TA = 150°C, CBYPASS = Open, CL= 1 nF, Sens = 2 mV/G, constant magnetic field of 400 G – 30 – µs VUVLOH TA = 25°C, VCC rising and device function enabled – 4 – V VUVLOL TA = 25°C, VCC falling and device function disabled – 3.5 – V tUVLOE TA = 25°C, CBYPASS = Open, CL = 1 nF, Sens = 2 mV/G, VCC Fall Time (5 V to 3 V) = 1.5 µs – 64 – µs tUVLOD TA = 25°C, CBYPASS = Open, CL = 1 nF, Sens = 2 mV/G, VCC Recover Time (3 V to 5 V) = 1.5 µs – 14 – µs VPORH TA = 25°C, VCC rising – 2.6 – V VPORL TA = 25°C, VCC falling – 2.3 – V tPORR TA = 25°C, VCC rising Undervoltage Lockout (UVLO) Threshold2 UVLO Enable/Disable Delay Time2 Power-On Reset Voltage2 Power-On Reset Release Time2 Supply Zener Clamp Voltage Internal Bandwidth Vz BWi TA = 25°C, ICC = 30 mA – 64 – µs 6.5 7.5 – V Small signal –3 dB, CL = 1 nF, TA = 25°C – 120 – kHz fC TA = 25°C – 500 – kHz Propagation Delay Time2 tPD TA = 25°C, magnetic field step of 400 G, CL = 1 nF, Sens = 2 mV/G – 2.2 – µs Rise Time2 tR TA = 25°C, magnetic field step of 400 G, CL = 1 nF, Sens = 2 mV/G – 3.6 – µs Response Time2 tRESPONSE TA = 25°C, magnetic field step of 400 G, CL = 1 nF, Sens = 2 mV/G – 3.7 – µs Delay to Clamp2 tCLP TA = 25°C, Step magnetic field from 800 to 1200 G, CL = 1 nF, Sens = 2 mV/G – 10 – µs Chopping Frequency3 Output Characteristics Output Voltage Clamp4 Output Saturation Voltage2 Broken Wire Voltage2 VCLP(HIGH) TA = 25°C, RL(PULLDWN) = 10 kΩ to GND 4.55 – 4.85 V VCLP(LOW) TA = 25°C, RL(PULLUP) = 10 kΩ to VCC 0.15 – 0.45 V VSAT(HIGH) TA = 25°C, RL(PULLDWN) = 10 kΩ to GND 4.7 – – V VSAT(LOW) TA = 25°C, RL(PULLUP) = 10 kΩ to VCC – – 400 mV VBRK(HIGH) TA = 25°C, RL(PULLUP) = 10 kΩ to VCC – VCC – V VBRK(LOW) TA = 25°C, RL(PULLDWN) = 10 kΩ to GND – 100 – mV Continued on the next page… Allegro MicroSystems, LLC 115 Northeast Cutoff Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 U.S.A. 1.508.853.5000; www.allegromicro.com 5 A1363 Low Noise, High Precision, Programmable Linear Hall Effect Sensor IC With Advanced Temperature Compensation And High Bandwidth (120 kHz) Analog Output OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS (continued): valid through the full operating temperature range, TA, CBYPASS = 0.1 µF, VCC = 5 V; unless otherwise specified Characteristics Symbol Test Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit1 TA = 25°C, CL = 1 nF, BWf = BWi – 1.1 – mGRMS/√¯(Hz) TA = 25°C, CL = 1 nF, Sens = 2 mV/G, BWf = BWi – 6.3 – mVp-p TA = 25°C, CL = 1 nF, Sens = 2 mV/G, BWf = BWi – 1 – mVRMS Output Characteristics (continued) Noise5 VN DC Output Resistance Output Load Resistance Output Load Capacitance6 Output Slew Rate7 – 9 – Ω RL(PULLUP) ROUT VOUT to VCC 4.7 – – kΩ RL(PULLDWN) VOUT to GND 4.7 – – kΩ CL VOUT to GND – 1 10 nF SR Sens = 2 mV/G, CL = 1 nF – 230 – V/ms Quiescent Voltage Output (VOUT(Q))2 Initial Unprogrammed Quiescent Voltage Output2,8 VOUT(Q)init TA = 25°C 2.4 2.5 2.6 V Quiescent Voltage Output Programming Range2,4,9 VOUT(Q)PR TA = 25°C 2.3 – 2.7 V Quiescent Voltage Output Programming Bits10 QVO – 9 – bit 1.9 2.3 2.8 mV – ±0.5 × StepVOUT(Q) – mV SENS_COARSE = 00, TA = 25°C – 1 – mV/G SENS_COARSE = 01, TA = 25°C – 2.2 – mV/G SENS_COARSE = 10, TA = 25°C – 4.7 – mV/G SENS_COARSE = 11, TA = 25°C – 9.6 – mV/G SENS_COARSE = 00, TA = 25°C 0.6 – 1.3 mV/G SENS_COARSE = 01, TA = 25°C 1.3 – 2.9 mV/G SENS_COARSE = 10, TA = 25°C 2.9 – 6.4 mV/G SENS_COARSE = 11, TA = 25°C 6.4 – 14 mV/G Average Quiescent Voltage Output Programming Step Size2,11,12 StepVOUT(Q) Quiescent Voltage Output Programming Resolution2,13 ErrPGVOUT(Q) TA = 25°C TA = 25°C Sensitivity (Sens)2 Initial Unprogrammed Sensitivity8 Sensitivity Programming Range4,9 Sensinit SensPR Continued on the next page… Allegro MicroSystems, LLC 115 Northeast Cutoff Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 U.S.A. 1.508.853.5000; www.allegromicro.com 6 A1363 Low Noise, High Precision, Programmable Linear Hall Effect Sensor IC With Advanced Temperature Compensation And High Bandwidth (120 kHz) Analog Output OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS (continued): valid through the full operating temperature range, TA, CBYPASS = 0.1 µF, VCC = 5 V; unless otherwise specified Characteristics Symbol Test Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit1 – 2 – bit Sensitivity Programming (continued) Coarse Sensitivity Programming Bits14 Fine Sensitivity Programming Bits10 SENS_ COARSE SENS_FINE SENS_COARSE = 00, TA = 25°C Average Fine Sensitivity Programming Step Size2,11,12 Sensitivity Programming Resolution2,13 StepSENS ErrPGSENS – 9 – bit 2.4 3.2 4.1 µV/G SENS_COARSE = 01, TA = 25°C 5 6.6 8.5 µV/G SENS_COARSE = 10, TA = 25°C 11 14.2 18 µV/G SENS_COARSE = 11, TA = 25°C 22 29 38 µV/G – ±0.5 × StepSENS – µV/G TA = 25°C Factory Programmed Sensitivity Temperature Coefficient Sensitivity Temperature Coefficient2 Sensitivity Drift Through Temperature Range2,9,15,20 Average Sensitivity Temperature Compensation Step Size TCSENS ΔSensTC TA=150°C, TA= –40°C, calculated relative to 25°C – 0 – %/°C TA = 25°C to 150°C –2.5 – 2.5 % TA = –40°C to 25°C –3.0 – 3.0 % – < 0.3 – % – 0 – mV/°C TA = 25°C to 150°C –15 – 15 mV TA = –40°C to 25°C –30 – 30 mV – 2.3 – mV StepSENSTC Factory Programmed Quiescent Voltage Output Temperature Coefficient Quiescent Voltage Output Temperature Coefficient2 TCQVO Quiescent Voltage Output Drift Through Temperature Range2,9,15 ΔVOUT(Q)TC Average Quiescent Voltage Output Temperature Compensation Step Size StepQVOTC TA = 150°C, TA = –40°C, calculated relative to 25°C Continued on the next page… Allegro MicroSystems, LLC 115 Northeast Cutoff Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 U.S.A. 1.508.853.5000; www.allegromicro.com 7 A1363 Low Noise, High Precision, Programmable Linear Hall Effect Sensor IC With Advanced Temperature Compensation And High Bandwidth (120 kHz) Analog Output OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS (continued): valid through the full operating temperature range, TA, CBYPASS = 0.1 µF, VCC = 5 V; unless otherwise specified Characteristics Symbol Test Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit1 EELOCK – 1 – bit Linearity Sensitivity Error2,16 LinERR –1 < ±0.25 1 % Symmetry Sensitivity Error2 SymERR –1 < ±0.25 1 % Lock Bit Programming EEPROM Lock Bit Error Components Ratiometry Quiescent Voltage Output Error2,17 RatERRVOUT(Q) Through supply voltage range (relative to VCC = 5 V) –1 0 1 % Ratiometry Sensitivity Error2,17 RatERRSens Through supply voltage range (relative to VCC = 5 V) –1.5 < ±0.5 1.5 % Ratiometry Clamp Error2,18 RatERRCLP Through supply voltage range (relative to VCC = 5 V), TA = 25°C – < ±1.0 – % Sensitivity Drift Due to Package Hysteresis2 ΔSensPKG TA = 25°C, after temperature cycling, 25°C to 150°C and back to 25°C – –1.25 ± 1.25 – % Sensitivity Drift Over Lifetime19 ΔSensLIFE TA = 25°C, shift after AEC Q100 grade 0 qualification testing – ±1 – % 11 G (gauss) = 0.1 mT (millitesla). Characteristic Definitions section. 3f varies up to approximately ± 20% over the full operating ambient temperature range, T , and process. C A 4Sens, V OUT(Q) , VCLP(LOW) , and VCLP(HIGH) scale with VCC due to ratiometry. 5Noise, measured in mV and in mV , is dependent on the sensitivity of the device. PP RMS 6Output stability is maintained for capacitive loads as large as 10 nF. 7High-to-low transition of output voltage is a function of external load components and device sensitivity. 8Raw device characteristic values before any programming. 9Exceeding the specified ranges will cause sensitivity and Quiescent Voltage Output drift through the temperature range to deteriorate beyond the specified values. 10Refer to Functional Description section. 11Step size is larger than required, in order to provide for manufacturing spread. See Characteristic Definitions section. 12Non-ideal behavior in the programming DAC can cause the step size at each significant bit rollover code to be greater than twice the maximum specified value of StepVOUT(Q) or StepSENS. 13Overall programming value accuracy. See Characteristic Definitions section. 14Each A1363 part number is factory programmed and temperature compensated at a different coarse sensitivity setting. Changing coarse bits setting could cause sensitivity drift through temperature range ,ΔSensTC , to exceed specified limits. 15Allegro will be testing and temperature compensating each device at 150°C. Allegro will not be testing devices at –40°C. Temperature compensation codes will be applied based on characterization data. 16Linearity applies to output voltage ranges of ±2 V from the quiescent output for bidirectional devices. 17Percent change from actual value at V CC = 5 V, for a given temperature, through the supply voltage operating range. 18Percent change from actual value at V CC = 5 V, TA = 25°C, through the supply voltage operating range. 19Based on characterization data obtained during standardized stress test for Qualification of Integrated Circuits. Can not be guaranteed. Drift is a function of customer application conditions. Please contact Allegro MicroSystems for further information. 20Includes sensitivity drift due to package hysteresis observed during factory testing. 2See Allegro MicroSystems, LLC 115 Northeast Cutoff Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 U.S.A. 1.508.853.5000; www.allegromicro.com 8 A1363 Low Noise, High Precision, Programmable Linear Hall Effect Sensor IC With Advanced Temperature Compensation And High Bandwidth (120 kHz) Analog Output CHARACTERISTIC PERFORMANCE DATA Response Time (tRESPONSE) 400 G excitation signal with 10%-90% rise time = 1 µs Sensitivity = 2 mV/G, CBYPASS=0.1 µF, CL=1 nF Input = 400 G Excitation Signal 80% of Input Output (VOUT, mV) tRESPONSE = 3.7 µs 80% of Output Propagation Delay (tPD) 400 G excitation signal with 10%-90% rise time = 1 µs Sensitivity = 2 mV/G, CBYPASS=0.1 µF, CL=1 nF Input = 400 G Excitation Signal Output (VOUT, mV) tPD = 2.2 µs 20% of Input 20% of Output Allegro MicroSystems, LLC 115 Northeast Cutoff Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 U.S.A. 1.508.853.5000; www.allegromicro.com 9 A1363 Low Noise, High Precision, Programmable Linear Hall Effect Sensor IC With Advanced Temperature Compensation And High Bandwidth (120 kHz) Analog Output Rise Time (tR) 400 G excitation signal with 10%-90% rise time = 1 µs Sensitivity = 2 mV/G, CBYPASS=0.1 µF, CL=1 nF Input = 400 G Excitation Signal Output (VOUT, mV) 90% of Output tR = 3.6 µs 10% of Output Power-On Time(t PO ) 400 G constant excitation signal, with VCC 10%- 90% rise time = 1.5 µs Sensitivity = 2 mV/G, CBYPASS= Open, CL=1 nF Supply (VCC, V) VCC(min) tPO = 78 µs Output (VOUT, V) 90% of Output Allegro MicroSystems, LLC 115 Northeast Cutoff Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 U.S.A. 1.508.853.5000; www.allegromicro.com 10 A1363 Low Noise, High Precision, Programmable Linear Hall Effect Sensor IC With Advanced Temperature Compensation And High Bandwidth (120 kHz) Analog Output UVLO Enable Time (t UVLOE ) VCC 5 V-3 V fall time = 1.5 µs Sensitivity = 2 mV/G, CBYPASS= Open, CL=1 nF VUVLOL Supply (VCC, V) tUVLOE = 63.6 µs Output (VOUT, V) Output = 0 V UVLO Disable Time (t UVLOD ) VCC 3 V-5 V recovery time = 1.5 µs Sensitivity = 2 mV/G, CBYPASS= Open, CL=1 nF Supply (VCC, V) VCC(min) tUVLOD = 12 µs Output (VOUT, V) 90% of Output Allegro MicroSystems, LLC 115 Northeast Cutoff Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 U.S.A. 1.508.853.5000; www.allegromicro.com 11 Low Noise, High Precision, Programmable Linear Hall Effect Sensor IC With Advanced Temperature Compensation And High Bandwidth (120 kHz) Analog Output A1363 Quiescent Voltage Output Drift Through Temperature Range versus Ambient Temperature ∆VOUT(Q) TC (typ), (mV) 30 20 Relative to ∆VOUT(Q)TC (typ) at TA = 25°C 10 0 -10 -20 -30 -50 0 50 100 150 200 TA (°C) Sensitivity Drift Through Temperature Range versus Ambient Temperature 3 Relative to ∆SensTC (typ) at TA = 25°C ∆Sens TC (typ), (%) 2 1 0 -1 -2 -3 -50 0 50 100 150 200 TA (°C) Allegro MicroSystems, LLC 115 Northeast Cutoff Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 U.S.A. 1.508.853.5000; www.allegromicro.com 12 A1363 Low Noise, High Precision, Programmable Linear Hall Effect Sensor IC With Advanced Temperature Compensation And High Bandwidth (120 kHz) Analog Output CHARACTERISTIC DEFINITIONS Power-On Time (tPO) When the supply is ramped to its operating voltage, the device requires a finite time to power its internal components before responding to an input magnetic field. Power-On Time, tPO , is defined as: the time it takes for the output voltage to settle within ±10% of its steady state value under an applied magnetic field, after the power supply has reached its minimum specified operating voltage, VCC(min), as shown in Figure 1. V VCC VCC(typ.) VOUT 90% VOUT VCC(min.) t1 Temperature Compensation Power-On Time (tTC ) t2= time at which output voltage settles within ±10% of its steady state value under an applied magnetic field Propagation Delay (tPD) 0 The time interval between a) when the applied magnetic field reaches 20% of its final value, and b) when the output reaches 20% of its final value (see Figure 2). The time interval between a) when the sensor IC reaches 10% of its final value, and b) when it reaches 90% of its final value (see Figure 2). Both tr and tRESPONSE are detrimentally affected by eddy current losses observed in the conductive IC ground plane. Response Time (tRESPONSE) The time interval between a) when the applied magnetic field reaches 80% of its final value, and b) when the sensor reaches 80% of its output corresponding to the applied magnetic field (see Figure 3). Delay to Clamp (tCLP ) A large magnetic input step may cause the clamp to overshoot its steady state value. The Delay to Clamp, tCLP , is defined as: the time it takes for the output voltage to settle within ±1% of its steady state value, after initially passing through its steady state voltage, as shown in Figure 4. +t Figure 1. Power-on Time Definition (%) 90 Applied Magnetic Field Transducer Output Rise Time, tR 20 10 0 Propagation Delay, tPD t Figure 2: Propagation Delay and Rise Time Definitions (%) 80 Applied Magnetic Field Transducer Output Response Time, tRESPONSE Quiescent Voltage Output (VOUT(Q)) In the quiescent state (no significant magnetic field: B = 0 G), the output, VOUT(Q) , has a constant ratio to the supply voltage, VCC , throughout the entire operating ranges of VCC and ambient temperature, TA . tPO t1= time at which power supply reaches minimum specified operating voltage After Power-On Time, tPO , elapses tTC is also required before a valid temperature compensated output. Rise Time (tR) t2 0 t Figure 3: Response Time Definition Allegro MicroSystems, LLC 115 Northeast Cutoff Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 U.S.A. 1.508.853.5000; www.allegromicro.com 13 Low Noise, High Precision, Programmable Linear Hall Effect Sensor IC With Advanced Temperature Compensation And High Bandwidth (120 kHz) Analog Output A1363 Initial Unprogrammed Quiescent Voltage Output ( VOUT(Q)init ) Quiescent Voltage Output Programming Resolution (ErrPGVOUT(Q) ) Before any programming, the Quiescent Voltage Output, VOUT(Q) , has a nominal value of VCC / 2, as shown in Figure 5. The programming resolution for any device is half of its programming step size. Therefore, the typical programming resolution will be: Quiescent Voltage Output Programming Range ( VOUT(Q)PR ) The Quiescent Voltage Output, VOUT(Q) , can be programmed within the Quiescent Voltage Output Range limits: VOUT(Q)PR (min) and VOUT(Q)PR (max). Exceeding the specified Quiescent Voltage Output Range will cause Quiescent Voltage Output Drift Through Temperature Range ΔVOUT(Q)TC to deteriorate beyond the specified values, as shown in Figure 5. Average Quiescent Voltage Output Programming Step Size (StepVOUT(Q)) The Average Quiescent Voltage Output Progamming Step Size, StepVOUT(Q) , is determined using the following calculation: StepVOUT(Q) = VOUT(Q)maxcode –VOUT(Q)mincode 2n–1 (1) , where n is the number of available programming bits in the trim range, 9 bits, VOUT(Q)maxcode is at decimal code 255, and VOUT(Q) mincode is at decimal code 256. Magnetic Input V VCLP(HIGH) (2) Quiescent Voltage Output Temperature Coefficient (TCQVO) Device VOUT(Q) changes as temperature changes, with respect to its programmed Quiescent Voltage Output Temperature Coefficient, TCQVO . TCQVO is programmed at 150°C, and calculated relative to the nominal VOUT(Q) programming temperature of 25°C. TCQVO (mV/°C) is defined as: TCQVO = [VOUT(Q)T2 – VOUT(Q)T1][1/(T2-T1)](3) where T1 is the nominal VOUT(Q) programming temperature of 25°C, and T2 is the TCQVO programming temperature of 150°C. The expected VOUT(Q) through the full ambient temperature range, VOUT(Q)EXPECTED(TA) , is defined as: VOUT(Q)EXPECTED(TA) = VOUT(Q)T1 + TCQVO(TA –T1) (4) VOUT(Q)EXPECTED(TA) should be calculated using the actual measured values of VOUTQ)T1 and TCQVO rather than programming target values. VOUT tCLP t1 ErrPGVOUT(Q)(typ) = 0.5 × StepVOUT(Q)(typ) t2 VOUT(Q)PR(min) value t1= time at which output voltage initially reaches steady state clamp voltage VOUT(Q) Programming range (specified limits) VOUT(Q)PR(max) value t2= time at which output voltage settles to within 1% of steady state clamp voltage Distribution of values resulting from minimum programming code (QVO programming bits set to decimal code 256) Note: Times apply to both high clamp (shown) and low clamp. 0 Figure 4: Delay to Clamp Definition Typical initial value before customer programming VOUT(Q)init (QVO programming bits set to code 0) Distribution of values resulting from maximum programming code (QVO programming bits set to decimal code 255) t Figure 5: Quiescent Voltage Output Range Definition Allegro MicroSystems, LLC 115 Northeast Cutoff Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 U.S.A. 1.508.853.5000; www.allegromicro.com 14 Low Noise, High Precision, Programmable Linear Hall Effect Sensor IC With Advanced Temperature Compensation And High Bandwidth (120 kHz) Analog Output A1363 Quiescent Voltage Output Drift Through Temperature Range (ΔVOUT(Q)TC) Due to internal component tolerances and thermal considerations, the Quiescent Voltage Output, VOUT(Q) , may drift from its nominal value through the operating ambient temperature, TA . The Quiescent Voltage Output Drift Through Temperature Range, ΔVOUT(Q)TC , is defined as: ∆VOUT(Q)TC = VOUT(Q)(TA) –VOUT(Q)EXPECTED(TA) (5) ∆VOUT(Q)TC should be calculated using the actual measured values of ∆VOUT(Q)(TA) and ∆VOUT(Q)EXPECTED(TA) rather than programming target values. Sensitivity (Sens) Ring Concentrator Current Conducting Wire Branded Face Center Hall Element in Gap Current Flow Direction Causing the Output Voltage to Increase The presence of a south polarity magnetic field, perpendicular to the branded surface of the package face, increases the output voltage from its quiescent value toward the supply voltage rail. The amount of the output voltage increase is proportional to the magnitude of the magnetic field applied. Initial Unprogrammed Sensitivity ( Sensinit ) Conversely, the application of a north polarity field decreases the output voltage from its quiescent value. This proportionality is specified as the magnetic sensitivity, Sens (mv/G), of the device, and it is defined as: Sensitivity Programming Range (SensPR) Sens = VOUT(BPOS) – VOUT(BNEG) BPOS – BNEG , (6) where BPOS and BNEG are two magnetic fields with opposite polarities. Branded Face Mold Ejector Pin Indent Figure 7: KT Sensor in Ring Concentrator Before any programming, Sensitivity has a nominal value that depends on the SENS_COARSE bits setting. Each A1363 variant has a different SENS_COARSE setting. The magnetic sensitivity, Sens, can be programmed around its initial value within the sensitivity range limits: SensPR(min) and SensPR(max). Exceeding the specified Sensitivity Range will cause Sensitivity Drift Through Temperature Range ΔSensTC to deteriorate beyond the specified values. Refer to the Quiescent Voltage Output Range section for a conceptual explanation of how value distributions and ranges are related. Average Fine Sensitivity Programming Step Size (StepSENS) Refer to the Average Quiescent Voltage Output Programming Step Size section for a conceptual explanation. Sensitivity Programming Resolution ( ErrPGSENS ) Magnetic Flux Direction Causing the Output to Increase Figure 6: Magnetic Flux Direction Refer to the Quiescent Voltage Output Programming Resolution section for a conceptual explanation. Sensitivity Temperature Coefficient (TCSENS) Device sensitivity changes as temperature changes, with respect to its programmed sensitivity temperature coefficient, TCSENS . Allegro MicroSystems, LLC 115 Northeast Cutoff Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 U.S.A. 1.508.853.5000; www.allegromicro.com 15 Low Noise, High Precision, Programmable Linear Hall Effect Sensor IC With Advanced Temperature Compensation And High Bandwidth (120 kHz) Analog Output A1363 TCSENS is programmed at 150°C, and calculated relative to the nominal sensitivity programming temperature of 25°C. TCSENS (%/°C) is defined as: 1 SensT2 – SensT1 TCSENS = 100% × SensT1 T2–T1 , (7) where T1 is the nominal Sens programming temperature of 25°C, and T2 is the TCSENS programming temperature of 150°C. The expected value of Sens over the full ambient temperature range, SensEXPECTED(TA), is defined as: SensEXPECTED(TA) = SensT1 × [100% + TCSENS (TA –T1)] . B1 and B2. Ideally, the sensitivity of a device is the same for both fields, for a given supply voltage and temperature. Linearity error is present when there is a difference between the sensitivities measured at B1 and B2. Linearity Error Linearity Error is calculated separately for the positive (LinERRPOS ) and negative (LinERRNEG ) applied magnetic fields. Linearity Error (%) is measured and defined as: (8) SensEXPECTED(TA) should be calculated using the actual measured values of SensT1 and TCSENS rather than programming target values. ∆SensTC = SensTA – SensEXPECTED(TA) SensEXPECTED(TA) , SensBNEG2 × 100% LinERRNEG = 1– SensBNEG1 , (11) where: SensBx = Sensitivity Drift Through Temperature Range (ΔSensTC) Second order sensitivity temperature coefficient effects cause the magnetic sensitivity, Sens, to drift from its expected value over the operating ambient temperature range, TA . The Sensitivity Drift Through Temperature Range, ∆SensTC , is defined as: SensBPOS2 × 100% LinERRPOS = 1– SensBPOS1 |VOUT(Bx) – VOUT(Q)| Bx , (12) and BPOSx and BNEGx are positive and negative magnetic fields, with respect to the quiescent voltage output such that |BPOS2| = 2 × |BPOS1| and |BNEG2| = 2 × |BNEG1|. Then: × 100% . (9) LinERR = max( LinERRPOS , LinERRNEG ) . (13) Sensitivity Drift Due to Package Hysteresis (ΔSensPKG ) Symmetry Sensitivity Error (SymERR ) Package stress and relaxation can cause the device sensitivity at TA = 25°C to change during and after temperature cycling. The sensitivity drift due to package hysteresis, ∆SensPKG , is defined as: The magnetic sensitivity of an A1363 device is constant for any two applied magnetic fields of equal magnitude and opposite polarities. Symmetry Error, SymERR (%), is measured and defined as: ∆SensPKG = Sens(25°C)2 – Sens(25°C)1 × 100% Sens(25°C)1 , (10) SensBPOS SymERR = 1– SensBNEG × 100% , (14) where Sens(25°C)1 is the programmed value of sensitivity at TA = 25°C, and Sens(25°C)2 is the value of sensitivity at TA = 25°C, after temperature cycling TA up to 150°C and back to 25°C. where SensBx is as defined in equation 12, and BPOSx and BNEGx are positive and negative magnetic fields such that |BPOSx| = |BNEGx|. Linearity Sensitivity Error (LinERR ) Ratiometry Error (RatERR ) The A1363 is designed to provide a linear output in response to a ramping applied magnetic field. Consider two magnetic fields, The A1363 device features ratiometric output. This means that the Quiescent Voltage Output, VOUT(Q) , magnetic sensitivity, Allegro MicroSystems, LLC 115 Northeast Cutoff Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 U.S.A. 1.508.853.5000; www.allegromicro.com 16 A1363 Low Noise, High Precision, Programmable Linear Hall Effect Sensor IC With Advanced Temperature Compensation And High Bandwidth (120 kHz) Analog Output Sens, and Output Voltage Clamp, VCLP(HIGH) and VCLP(LOW) , are proportional to the Supply Voltage, VCC. In other words, when the supply voltage increases or decreases by a certain percentage, each characteristic also increases or decreases by the same percentage. Error is the difference between the measured change in the supply voltage relative to 5 V, and the measured change in each characteristic. The ratiometric error in Quiescent Voltage Output, RatERRVOUT(Q) (%), for a given supply voltage, VCC , is defined as: VOUT(Q)(VCC) / VOUT(Q)(5V) × 100% .(15) RatERRVOUT(Q) = 1– VCC / 5 V The ratiometric error in magnetic sensitivity, RatERRSens (%), for a given Supply Voltage, VCC , is defined as: Sens(VCC) / Sens(5V) × 100% . RatERRSens = 1– VCC / 5 V (16) The ratiometric error in the clamp voltages, RatERRCLP (%), for a given supply voltage, VCC, is defined as: VCLP(VCC) / VCLP(5V) × 100% , RatERRCLP = 1– VCC / 5 V (17) where VCLP is either VCLP(HIGH) or VCLP(LOW). Power-On Reset Voltage (VPOR ) On power-up, to initialize to a known state and avoid current spikes, the A1363 is held in Reset state. The Reset signal is disabled when VCC reaches VUVLOH and time tPORR has elapsed, allowing output voltage to go from a high impedance state into normal operation. During power-down, the Reset signal is enabled when VCC reaches VPORL , causing output voltage to go into a high impedance state. (Note that detailed description of POR and UVLO operation can be found in the Functional Description section). Power-On Reset Release Time (tPORR) When VCC rises to VPORH , the Power-On Reset Counter starts. The A1363 output voltage will transition from a high impedance state to normal operation only when the Power-On Reset Counter has reached tPORR and VCC has exceeded VUVLOH . Undervoltage Lockout Threshold (VUVLO ) If VCC drops below VUVLOL output voltage will be locked to GND. If VCC starts rising A1363 will come out of Lock state when VCC reaches VUVLOH . UVLO Enable/Disable Delay Time (tUVLO ) When a falling VCC reaches VUVLOL , time tUVLOE is required to engage Undervoltage Lockout state. When VCC rises above VUVLOH , time tUVLOD is required to disable UVLO and have a valid output voltage. Output Saturation Voltage (VSAT ) When output voltage clamps are disabled, output voltage can swing to a maximum of VSAT(HIGH) and to a minimum of VSAT(LOW) . Broken Wire Voltage (VBRK ) If the GND pin is disconnected (broken wire event), output voltage will go to VBRK(HIGH) (if a load resistor is connected to VCC) or to VBRK(LOW) (if a load resistor is connected to GND). Allegro MicroSystems, LLC 115 Northeast Cutoff Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 U.S.A. 1.508.853.5000; www.allegromicro.com 17 Low Noise, High Precision, Programmable Linear Hall Effect Sensor IC With Advanced Temperature Compensation And High Bandwidth (120 kHz) Analog Output A1363 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION Programming Sensitivity and Quiescent Voltage Output Memory Locking Mechanisms Sensitivity and VOUT(Q) can be adjusted by programming SENS_FINE and QVO bits, as illustrated in Figures 8 and 9. The A1363 is equipped with two distinct memory locking mechanisms: Customers should not program sensitivity or VOUT(Q) beyond the maximum or minimum programming ranges specified in the Operating Characteristics table. Exceeding the specified limits will cause sensitivity and VOUT(Q) drift through temperature range, ΔSensTC and ΔVOUT(Q)TC , to deteriorate beyond the specified values. DEFAULT LOCK Programming sensitivity might cause a small drift in VOUT(Q) . As a result, Allegro recommends programming sensitivity first, then VOUT(Q) . Coarse Sensitivity Each A1363 variant is programmed to a different coarse sensitivity setting. Devices are tested and temperature compensation is factory programmed under that specific coarse sensitivity setting. If the coarse sensitivity setting is changed, by programming SENS_COARSE bits, Allegro can not guarantee the specified sensitivity drift through temperature range limits, ΔSensTC . At power-up, all registers of the A1363 are locked by default. EEPROM and volatile memory cannot be read or written. To disable Default Lock, a very specific 30 bits customer access code has to be written to address 0x24 within Access Code Time Out, tACC = 8 ms, from power-up. At this point, registers can be accessed. If VCC is power cycled, the Default Lock will automatically be re-enabled. This ensures that during normal operation, memory content will not be altered due to unwanted glitches on VCC or the output pin. LOCK BIT After EEPROM has been programmed by the customer, the EELOCK bit can be set high and VCC power cycled to permanently disable the ability to read or write any register. This will prevent the ability to disable Default Lock using the method described above. Please note that after EELOCK bit is set high and VCC pin power cycled, the customer will not have the ability to clear the EELOCK bit or to read/write any register. Quiescent Voltage Output, VOUT(Q) (mV) Sensitivity, Sens (mV/G) Max Specified VOUT(Q)PR Max Specified SensPR Specified Sensitivity Programming Range Mid Range Specified VOUT(Q) Programming Range Mid Range Min Specified VOUT(Q)PR Min Specified SensPR 0 255 256 511 SENS_FINE Code Figure 8. Device Sensitivity versus SENS_FINE Programmed Value 0 255 256 511 QVO Code Figure 9. Device VOUT(Q) versus QVO Programmed Value Allegro MicroSystems, LLC 115 Northeast Cutoff Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 U.S.A. 1.508.853.5000; www.allegromicro.com 18 Low Noise, High Precision, Programmable Linear Hall Effect Sensor IC With Advanced Temperature Compensation And High Bandwidth (120 kHz) Analog Output A1363 Power-On Reset (POR) and Undervoltage Lock-Out (UVLO) Operation The descriptions in this section assume: temperature = 25°C, no output load (RL, CL ) , and no significant magnetic field is present. POWER-UP At power-up, as VCC ramps up, the output is in a high impedance state. When VCC crosses VPORH (location [1] in Figure 10 and [1'] in Figure 11), the POR Release counter starts counting for tPORR= 64 µs. At this point, if VCC exceeds VUVLOH = 4 V [2'], the output will go to VCC / 2 after tUVLOD = 14 µs [3']. If VCC does not VCC 1 2 5.0 3 5 4 VUVLOH VUVLOL VPORH VPORL exceed VUVLOH = 4 V [2], the output will stay in the high impedance state until VCC reaches VUVLOH = 4 V [3] and then will go to VCC / 2 after tUVLOD = 14 µs [4]. VCC DROPS BELOW VCC(MIN)= 4.5 V If VCC drops below VUVLOL [4', 5], the UVLO Enable Counter starts counting. If VCC is still below VUVLOL when counter reaches tUVLOE = 64 µs, the UVLO function will be enabled and the ouput will be pulled near GND [6]. If VCC exceeds VUVLOL before the UVLO Enable Counter reaches 64 µs [5'] , the output will continue to be VCC / 2. 6 7 9 8 tUVLOE 10 11 tUVLOE GND VOUT Time Slope = VCC / 2 2.5 tPORR GND tUVLOD tUVLOD High Impedance High Impedance Time Figure 10. POR and UVLO Operation: Slow Rise Time Case VCC 5.0 VUVLOH VUVLOL VPORH VPORL 1’ 2’ 3’ 4’ 5’ 6’ 7’ <tUVLOE GND VOUT Time tPORR 2.5 Slope = VCC / 2 Slope = VCC / 2 <tUVLOE tUVLOD GND HighFigure Impedance 11: High Impedance POR and UVLO Operation: Fast Rise Time Case Time Allegro MicroSystems, LLC 115 Northeast Cutoff Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 U.S.A. 1.508.853.5000; www.allegromicro.com 19 Low Noise, High Precision, Programmable Linear Hall Effect Sensor IC With Advanced Temperature Compensation And High Bandwidth (120 kHz) Analog Output A1363 COMING OUT OF UVLO While UVLO is enabled [6] , if VCC exceeds VUVLOH [7] , UVLO will be disabled after tUVLOD =14 µs, and the output will be VCC / 2 [8]. is connected to GND. The device will not respond to any applied magnetic field. If the ground wire is reconnected, A1363 will resume normal operation. POWER-DOWN As VCC ramps down below VUVLOL [6’, 9], the UVLO Enable Counter will start counting. If VCC is higher than VPORL = 2.3 V when the counter reaches tUVLOE = 64 µs, the UVLO function will be enabled and the ouput will be pulled near GND [10]. The output will enter a high impedance state as VCC goes below VPORL [11]. If VCC falls below VPORL before the UVLO Enable Couner reaches 64 µs, the output will transition directly into a high impedance state [7']. V+ VCC A1363 CBYPASS Detecting Broken Ground Wire If the GND pin is disconnected, node A becoming open (figure 10), the VOUT pin will go to a high impedance state. Output voltage will go to VBRK(HIGH) if a load resistor RL(PULLUP) is connected to VCC or to VBRK(LOW) if a load resistor RL(PULLDWN) VCC VCC VOUT GND CL (Recommended) Figure 12: Typical Application Drawing VCC RL(PULLUP) VCC VOUT A1363 VCC VOUT A1363 RL(PULLDWN) GND GND A A Connecting VOUT to RL(PULLUP) Connecting VOUT to RL(PULLDWN) Figure 13: Connections for Detecting Broken Ground Wire Allegro MicroSystems, LLC 115 Northeast Cutoff Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 U.S.A. 1.508.853.5000; www.allegromicro.com 20 Low Noise, High Precision, Programmable Linear Hall Effect Sensor IC With Advanced Temperature Compensation And High Bandwidth (120 kHz) Analog Output A1363 Chopper Stabilization Technique When using Hall-effect technology, a limiting factor for total accuracy is the small signal voltage developed across the Hall element. This voltage is disproportionally small relative to the offset that can be produced at the output of the Hall sensor. This makes it difficult to process the signal while maintaining an accurate, reliable output over the specified operating temperature and voltage ranges. Chopper stabilization is a unique approach used to minimize Hall offset on the chip. The patented Allegro technique removes key sources of the output drift induced by thermal and mechanical stresses. This offset reduction technique is based on a signal modulation-demodulation process. The undesired offset signal is separated from the magnetic field-induced signal in the frequency domain, through modulation. The subsequent demodulation acts as a modulation process for the offset, causing the magnetic field-induced signal to recover its original spectrum at base band, while the DC offset becomes a high-frequency signal. The magnetic-sourced signal then can pass through a low-pass filter, while the modulated DC offset is suppressed. This high-frequency operation allows a greater sampling rate, which results in higher accuracy and faster signal-processing capability. This approach desensitizes the chip to the effects of thermal and mechanical stresses, and produces devices that have extremely stable quiescent Hall output voltages and precise recoverability after temperature cycling. This technique is made possible through the use of a BiCMOS process, which allows the use of low-offset, low-noise amplifiers in combination with high-density logic integration and a proprietary, dynamic notch filter. The new Allegro filtering techniques are far more effective at suppressing chopper induced signal noise compared to the previous generation of Allegro chopper stabilized devices. Regulator Clock/Logic Hall Element Amp Anti-Aliasing Tuned LP Filter Filter Figure 14: Concept of Chopper Stabilization Allegro MicroSystems, LLC 115 Northeast Cutoff Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 U.S.A. 1.508.853.5000; www.allegromicro.com 21 Low Noise, High Precision, Programmable Linear Hall Effect Sensor IC With Advanced Temperature Compensation And High Bandwidth (120 kHz) Analog Output A1363 Programming Serial Interface WRITING THE ACCESS CODE The A1363 incorporates a serial interface that allows an external controller to read and write registers in the EEPROM and volatile memory. The A1363 uses a point-to-point communication protocol, based on Manchester encoding per G. E. Thomas (a rising edge indicates 0 and a falling edge indicates 1), with address and data transmitted MSB first. In order for the external controller to write or read from the A1363 memory during the current session, it must establish serial communication with the A1363 by sending a Write command including the Access Code within Access Code Time Out, tACC , from power-up. If this deadline is missed, all write and read access is disabled until the next power-up. TRANSACTION TYPES WRITING TO VOLATILE MEMORY Each transaction is initiated by a command from the controller; the A1363 does not initiate any transactions. Three commands are recognized by the A1363: Write Access Code, Write, and Read. One response frame type is generated by the A1363, Read Acknowledge. If the command is Read, the A1363 responds by transmitting the requested data in a Read Acknowledge frame. If the command is any other type, the A1363 does not acknowledge. As shown in Figure 16, the A1363 receives all commands via the VCC pin. It responds to Read commands via the VOUT pin. This implementation of Manchester encoding requires the communication pulses be within a high (VMAN(H)) and low (VMAN(L)) range of voltages for the VCC line and the VOUT line. The Write command to EEPROM is supported by two high voltage pulses on the VOUT line. In order for the external controller to write to volatile memory, a Write command must be transmitted on the VCC pin. Successive Write commands to volatile memory must be separated by tWRITE . The required sequence is shown in Figure 15. VCC Previous Command Write to Register R# tWRITE Next Command tWRITE t Figure 15: Writing to Volatile Memory Write/Read Command – Manchester Code Controller High Voltage pulses to activate EEPROM cells VCC A1363 VOUT GND Read Acknowledge – Manchester Code Figure 16: Top-level Programming Interface Allegro MicroSystems, LLC 115 Northeast Cutoff Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 U.S.A. 1.508.853.5000; www.allegromicro.com 22 Low Noise, High Precision, Programmable Linear Hall Effect Sensor IC With Advanced Temperature Compensation And High Bandwidth (120 kHz) Analog Output A1363 WRITING TO EEPROM In order for the external controller to write to non-volatile EEPROM, a Write command must be transmitted on the VCC pin. The controller must also send two Programming pulses, long high-voltage strobes, via the VOUT pin. These strobes are detected internally, allowing the A1363 to boost the voltage on the EEPROM gates. The required sequence is shown in Figures 17 and 18. To ensure EEPROM integrity over life time, EEPROM should not be exposed to more than 100 Write cycles. READING FROM EEPROM OR VOLATILE MEMORY In order for the external controller to read from EEPROM or volatile memory, a Read command must be transmitted on the VCC line. Within time tstart_read , the VOUT line will stop responding VCC VOUT Write to Register R# Normal Operation EEPROM Programming Pulses High Impedance to the magnetic field and the Read Acknowledge frame will be transmitted on the VOUT line. The Read Acknowledge frame contains Read data. After the Read Acknowledge frame has been received from the A1363, the VOUT line resumes normal operation after time tREAD . The required sequence is shown in Figure 19. ERROR CHECKING The serial interface uses a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) for data-bit error checking (synchronization bits are ignored during the check). The CRC algorithm is based on the polynomial g(x) = x3 + x + 1 , and the calculation is represented graphically in Figure 20. The trailing 3 bits of a message frame comprise the CRC token. The CRC is initialized at 111. If the serial interface receives a command with a CRC error, the command is ignored. VOUT Normal Operation t t tsPULSE(E) tWRITE(E) Figure 17: Writing to EEPROM VCC Figure 18: EEPROM Programming Pulses Read from Register R# C0 VOUT Normal Operation Read Acknowledge R# Input Data C2 Normal Operation t tstart_read C1 1x 0 1x 1 0x 2 1x 3 = x3 + x + 1 tREAD Figure 19: Reading from EEPROM or Volatile Memory Figure 20: CRC Calculation Allegro MicroSystems, LLC 115 Northeast Cutoff Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 U.S.A. 1.508.853.5000; www.allegromicro.com 23 A1363 Low Noise, High Precision, Programmable Linear Hall Effect Sensor IC With Advanced Temperature Compensation And High Bandwidth (120 kHz) Analog Output SERIAL INTERFACE REFERENCE Required timing parameters for successful serial communication with A1363 device are given in table below. Required Serial Interface Timing Parameters Characteristics Symbol Note Min. Typ. Max. Unit Input/Output Signal Timing Access Code Time Out tACC Customer Access Code should be fully entered in less than tACC , measured from when VCC crosses VUVLOH . – – 8 ms Bit Rate tBITR Defined by the input message bit rate sent from the external controller 32 – 80 kbps Bit Time tBIT Data bit pulse width at 70 kbps 13.6 14.3 15 µs errTBIT Deviation in tBIT during one command frame –11 – + 11 % tWRITE Required delay from the trailing edge of certain Write command frames to the leading edge of a following command frame 2 × tBIT – – µs Required delay from the trailing edge of the second EEPROM Programming pulse to the leading edge of a following command frame 2 × tBIT – – µs tREAD Required delay from the trailing edge of a Read Acknowledge frame to the leading edge of a following command frame 2 × tBIT – – µs tstart_read Delay from the trailing edge of a Read command frame to the leading edge of the Read Acknowledge frame 25 μs – 0.25 × tBIT 50 μs –0.25 × tBIT 150 μs – 0.25 × tBIT µs tsPULSE(E) Delay from last edge of write command to start of EEPROM programming pulse 40 – – μs Applied to VCC line 5.1 – – V VCC – 0.2 V – – V – – 3.9 V – – 0.2 V – – 15 µs Bit Time Error Volatile Memory Write Delay Non-Volatile Memory Write Delay Read Acknowledge Delay Read Delay tWRITE(E) EEPROM Programming Pulse EEPROM Programming Pulse Setup Time Input/Output Signal Voltage Manchester Code High Voltage VMAN(H) Manchester Code Low Voltage VMAN(L) Manchester Level to VCC Delay tMAN_VCC Read from VOUT line Applied to VCC line Read from VOUT line Allegro MicroSystems, LLC 115 Northeast Cutoff Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 U.S.A. 1.508.853.5000; www.allegromicro.com 24 Low Noise, High Precision, Programmable Linear Hall Effect Sensor IC With Advanced Temperature Compensation And High Bandwidth (120 kHz) Analog Output A1363 SERIAL INTERFACE MESSAGE STRUCTURE The general format of a command message frame is shown in Figure 21. Note that, in the Manchester coding used, a bit value of one is indicated by a falling edge within the bit boundary, and a bit value of zero is indicated by a rising edge within the bit boundary. Read/Write Memory Address Synchronize 0 Data 0 0/1 0/1 0/1 0/1 0/1 0/1 0/1 0/1 0/1 0/1 MSB ... CRC 0/1 0/1 0/1 0/1 MSB VCC LEVELS DURING MANCHESTER COMMUNICATION For all devices with UVLO functionality, after power-up it is important that the VCC pin be held at VCC until the first Synchronization pulse of a read/write transaction is sent (see Figure 22). During the transaction, the VCC pin varies between VMAN(H) and VMAN(L) , but right after the last CRC bit has been sent, the controller must bring the VCC pin back to the VCC level in less than tMAN_VCC . This is important in order to avoid triggering the UVLO functionality during EEPROM read/write. 0 0 1 1 0 Manchester Code per G. E. Thomas Bit boundaries Figure 21: General Format for Serial Interface Commands Read/Write Memory Address Synchronize 0 0 0/1 0 0 Data CRC 0/1 VMAN(H) VCC VMAN(L) 0V 1 0 tMAN_VCC Bit boundaries Figure 22: VCC Levels During Manchester Communication Serial Interface Command General Format Quantity of Bits Parameter Name Values 2 Synchronization 00 Used to identify the beginning of a serial interface command 1 Read/Write 0 [As required] Write operation 1 [As required] Read operation 6 Address 0/1 [Read/Write] Register address (volatile memory or EEPROM) 30 Data 0/1 24 data bits and 6 ECC bits 3 CRC 0/1 Incorrect value indicates errors Description Allegro MicroSystems, LLC 115 Northeast Cutoff Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 U.S.A. 1.508.853.5000; www.allegromicro.com 25 Low Noise, High Precision, Programmable Linear Hall Effect Sensor IC With Advanced Temperature Compensation And High Bandwidth (120 kHz) Analog Output A1363 Read (Controller to A1363) Figure 25 shows the sequence for a Write Command. Bits [29:24] are Don’t Care because the A1363 automatically generates 6 ECC bits based on the content of bits [23:0]. These ECC bits will be stored in EEPROM at locations [29:24]. The fields for the read command are: • Sync (2 zero bits) • Read/Write (1 bit, must be 1 for read) Read/Write • Address (6 bits) - ADDR[5] is 0 for EEPROM, 1 for register. • CRC (3 bits) 0 Figure 23 shows the sequence for a Read Command. 0 0 0/1 0/1 0/1 0/1 0/1 0/1 0/1 0/1 0/1 . . . MSB Read/Write Memory Address Synchronize 0 0 CRC 1 0/1 0/1 0/1 0/1 0/1 0/1 0/1 0/1 0/1 MSB Data (30 bits) Memory Address Synchronize Read Acknowledge (A1363 to Controller) The fields for the data return frame is: MSB Figure 25: Write Sequence Write Access Code (Controller to A1363) The fields for the Access Code command are: • Read/Write (1 bit, must be 0 for write) • Address (6 bits) (Address 0X24 for Customer Access) • Data - 30 bits (0x2781_1F77 for Customer Access) • Sync (2 zero bits) • Data (30 bits: [29:26] Don’t Care, [25:24] ECC Pass/Fail, [23:0] Data) • CRC (3 bits) Figure 26 shows the sequence for a Access Code Command. • CRC (3 bits) Read/Write 0 0 0 0 Data (30 bits) Memory Address Synchronize Figure 24 shows the sequence for a Read Acknowledge. Refer to the Detecting ECC Error section for instructions on how to detect and ECC failure. Data (30 bits) 0/1 0/1 0/1 0/1 • Sync (2 zero bits) Figure 23: Read Sequence Synchronize CRC 0 1 0 0 1 0 MSB 0 0/1 0/1 0/1 . . . CRC 0/1 0/1 0/1 0/1 MSB Figure 26: Access Code Write Sequence CRC 0/1 0/1 0/1 0/1 . . . 0/1 0/1 0/1 0/1 0/1 MSB Figure 24: Read Acknowledge Sequence Write (Controller to A1363) The controller has to open the serial communication with the A1363 device by sending an Access Code. It has to be sent within Access Code Time Out, tACC , from power-up or the device will be disabled for read and write access. The fields for the write command are: Access Codes Information • Sync (2 zero bits) • Read/Write (1 bit, must be 0 for write) • Address (6 bits) - ADDR[5] is 0 for EEPROM, 1 for register. Refer to the address map. Name Customer Serial Interface Format Register Address (Hex) Data (Hex) 0x24 0x2781_1F77 • Data (30 bits: [29:24] Don’t Care, [23:0] Data) • CRC (3 bits) Allegro MicroSystems, LLC 115 Northeast Cutoff Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 U.S.A. 1.508.853.5000; www.allegromicro.com 26 Low Noise, High Precision, Programmable Linear Hall Effect Sensor IC With Advanced Temperature Compensation And High Bandwidth (120 kHz) Analog Output A1363 Memory Address Map Register Name Address Description r/w Bits Location Customer Access EEPROM SENS_FINE1 Sensitivity, two’s complement DAC profile r/w 9 8:0 SENS_COARSE Coarse Sensitivity r/w 2 10:9 QVO1 Quiescent Output Voltage, two’s complement DAC profile r/w 9 19:11 Factory reserved bit r/w 1 20 0x00 (Factory reserved)2 POL Reverses output polarity r/w 1 21 CLAMP_DIS Clamp Disable r/w 1 22 EELOCK EEPROM LOCK ID_C3 0x01 w 1 23 r/w 24 23:0 Turns off the analog output for serial communications w 1 0 Enables register shadowing to bypass EEPROM register 0x00 bits 22:0 w 1 1 Customer Reserved Customer Debug Register (Volatile Memory) Disable Analog Output 0x10 Shadow Enable 1 9-bit two’s complement integers, where the most positive number is indicated by code 255 (decimal) and the most negative number by code 256 (decimal). should not write to this bit. 3 Can be used to store any information required in the customer’s application. 2 Customer EEPROM CELL ORGANIZATION Programming coefficients are stored in non-volatile EEPROM, which is separate from the digital subsystem, and accessed by the digital subsystem EEPROM Controller module. The EEPROM is organized as 30 bit wide words, each word is made up of 24 data bits and 6 ECC (Error Checking and Correction) check bits, stored as shown in table below. EEPROM Bit 29 28 27 26 25 24 Contents C5 C4 C3 C2 C1 C0 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 D23 D22 D21 D20 D19 D18 D17 D16 D15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9 D8 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 EEPROM Word Bit Sequence; C# – Check Bit, D# – Data Bit Allegro MicroSystems, LLC 115 Northeast Cutoff Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 U.S.A. 1.508.853.5000; www.allegromicro.com 27 A1363 Low Noise, High Precision, Programmable Linear Hall Effect Sensor IC With Advanced Temperature Compensation And High Bandwidth (120 kHz) Analog Output EEPROM ERROR CHECKING AND CORRECTION (ECC) DETECTING ECC ERROR Hamming code methodology is implemented for EEPROM checking and correction. The device has ECC enabled after power-up. If an uncorrectable error has occurred, bits 25:24 are set to 10, the VOUT pin will go to a high impedance state, and the device will not respond to the applied magnetic field. Output voltage will go to VBRK(HIGH) if a load resistor RL(PULLUP) is connected to VCC or to VBRK(LOW) if a load resistor RL(PULLDWN) is connected to GND. The device always returns 30 bits. The message received from controller is analyzed by the device EEPROM driver and ECC bits are added. The first 6 received bits from device to controller are dedicated to ECC. EEPROM ECC Errors Bits Name 29:26 – Description No meaning 00 = No Error 25:24 ECC 01 = Error Detected and message corrected 10 = Uncorrectable error 11 = No meaning 23:0 D[23:0] EPROM data Allegro MicroSystems, LLC 115 Northeast Cutoff Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 U.S.A. 1.508.853.5000; www.allegromicro.com 28 Low Noise, High Precision, Programmable Linear Hall Effect Sensor IC With Advanced Temperature Compensation And High Bandwidth (120 kHz) Analog Output A1363 PACKAGE OUTLINE DRAWING +0.08 5.21 –0.05 B 10° E F 2.60 +0.08 1.00 –0.05 1.00 F Mold Ejector Pin Indent +0.08 3.43 –0.05 F A 0.89 MAX NNNN Branded Face YYWW 0.54 REF 1 C Standard Branding Reference View N = Device part number Y = Last two digits of year of manufacture W = Week of manufacture 12.14±0.05 +0.08 0.41 –0.05 For Reference Only; not for tooling use (reference DWG-9202) Dimensions in millimeters Dimensions exclusive of mold flash, gate burrs, and dambar protrusions Exact case and lead configuration at supplier discretion within limits shown +0.08 0.20 –0.05 0.89 MAX 1 2 3 0.54 REF 4 +0.08 1.50 –0.05 Dambar removal protrusion (16X) B Gate and tie bar burr area C Branding scale and appearance at supplier discretion D Thermoplastic Molded Lead Bar for alignment during shipment D 1.27 NOM A E Active Area Depth 0.37 mm REF F Hall element, not to scale +0.08 1.00 –0.05 +0.08 5.21 –0.05 Figure 27: Package KT, 4-Pin SIP Allegro MicroSystems, LLC 115 Northeast Cutoff Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 U.S.A. 1.508.853.5000; www.allegromicro.com 29 Low Noise, High Precision, Programmable Linear Hall Effect Sensor IC With Advanced Temperature Compensation And High Bandwidth (120 kHz) Analog Output A1363 Document Revision History Revision Date 1 November 16, 2012 2 May 24, 2013 Change Initial Release Logo change to LLC 3 June 14, 2013 4 September 3, 2013 Update IOUT(source) Add AEC Q-100 qualification, expand list of applications, expand product variant selection 5 December 9, 2014 Added Figures 6 and 7 to page 15 6 December 16, 2015 Revised Sensitivity Drift Through Temperature Range electrical characteristic and added footnote 20 Copyright ©2015, Allegro MicroSystems, LLC Allegro MicroSystems, LLC reserves the right to make, from time to time, such departures from the detail specifications as may be required to permit improvements in the performance, reliability, or manufacturability of its products. Before placing an order, the user is cautioned to verify that the information being relied upon is current. Allegro’s products are not to be used in any devices or systems, including but not limited to life support devices or systems, in which a failure of Allegro’s product can reasonably be expected to cause bodily harm. The information included herein is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, Allegro MicroSystems, LLC assumes no responsibility for its use; nor for any infringement of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. For the latest version of this document, visit our website: www.allegromicro.com Allegro MicroSystems, LLC 115 Northeast Cutoff Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 U.S.A. 1.508.853.5000; www.allegromicro.com 30