EiceDRIVER™ - Advanced use of pin EN-/FLT

Application Note AN2015-07
EiceDRIVER™
Advanced use of pin EN-/FLT
About this document
Scope and purpose
This application note targets to explain the function of the EN-/FLT pin of the 2EDL23 half bridge driver IC in
detail and hint out the different solutions between microcontroller and driver IC concerning Enable and Fault
function.
Intended audience
Power electronics engineers who want to design gate driving circuits with focus on Enable and Fault functions.
Table of Contents
About this document....................................................................................................................... 1
Table of Contents ........................................................................................................................... 1
1
Scope and product family ............................................................................................... 2
2
General operation of pin EN-/FLT ..................................................................................... 3
3
3.1
3.2
3.2.1
3.2.2
3.2.3
Temporary fault latch .................................................................................................... 4
The driver IC indicates a fault condition and the microcontroller port is an input .............................. 4
Active release and shut down of the driver IC by the microcontroller .................................................. 6
Release and shut down including temporary latch of failure mode................................................ 6
Using a microcontroller providing output pins with open drain option ......................................... 7
Release and shut down without temporary latch of failure mode .................................................. 8
4
References .................................................................................................................... 9
Revision History ............................................................................................................................ 10
Application Note AN2015-07 Please read the Important Notice and Warnings at the end of this document
www.infineon.com
<Revision 1.0>
2015-12-18
EiceDRIVER™
Advanced use of pin EN-/FLT
Scope and product family
1
Scope and product family
The 2EDL family consists of high voltage half bridge gate drive ICs up to a maximum blocking voltage of 600V.
Typical applications are consumer- and industrial drives, fans, pumps, induction cooking equipment or switch
mode power supplies. The 2EDL family is designed in silicon-on-insulator-technology (SOI). This technology
provides an excellent ruggedness against negative voltage spikes and noise.
This application note gives information for the advanced use of the pin “EN-/FLT”, which is a combined enable
function and fault signal, indicating undervoltage lockout or overcurrent. This double function is implemented
in the products 2EDL23x06PJ according to Table 1.
Table 1
Members of the 2EDL family
Product Name
2EDL05I06PF,
EN-/FLT
deadtime & interlock typ. UVLO-Thresholds Bootstrap diode
Package
No
Yes
DSO-8
12.5 V / 11.6 V
Yes
2EDL05I06PJ
DSO-14
2EDL05I06BF
No
No
12.5 V / 11.6 V
Yes
DSO-8
2EDL05N06PF
No
Yes
9 V / 8.1 V
Yes
DSO-8
2EDL23I06PJ
Yes
Yes
12.5 V / 11.6 V
Yes
DSO-14
2EDL23N06PJ
Yes
Yes
9 V / 8.1 V
Yes
DSO-14
The 2EDL family provides positive control logic as well as different undervoltage lockout levels for MOSFET and
IGBT. The pin designations, control signals, thresholds and parameters described in this application note must
be understood according to the individual part.
Target applications are all cost sensitive designs in the consumer- and low end industrial area. All devices are
therefore compatible even to microcontrollers with a supply voltage of 3.3 V. The 2EDL is compatible to the
same footprint as a number of other gate drive ICs in the market. Nevertheless, many features are built in,
which provides add-on values to the application. Please also refer to the product datasheet of the 2EDL23I06PJ
and 2EDL23N06PJ.
Application Note AN2015-07
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EiceDRIVER™
Advanced use of pin EN-/FLT
General operation of pin EN-/FLT
2
General operation of pin EN-/FLT
This pin is available within the 2EDL23x06PJ devices only. It is a bidirectional open drain output pin, which can
shut down the IC in input mode and which indicates either low side undervoltage lockout or overcurrent in
output mode.
The signal applied to pin EN directly controls the output sections when used in input mode. All outputs are set
to LOW if this signal is lower than VEN- = 0.9 V typically. Operation is enabled with signal levels higher than VEN+ =
2.1 V. The electrical function related to the EN-Signal is given in Figure 1. The pull-down resistor has a value of
~73 k. The propagation delay time from EN to the output sections is about tEN = 550 ns.
The IC is permanently enabled when the EN pin is pulled up to the logic section’s supply voltage Vsupply, for
instance +5 V / +3.3 V. It is not recommended to pull this pin up to VDD, because this can lead to excessive
power dissipation in the input structure of this pin and could destroy the IC.
This pin can be used as a redundant way to shut down the application in case that a repetitive failure occurs or
a first shut down mechanism, for example by ITRIP function at PGND pin as over current protection, fails by
incident.
2EDL23x
Vsupply
To logic
µC
Rpu
EN
RON,FLT
≈ 35
From
UVLO
OR
73k
GPIO
Figure 1
EN/FLT
CFLT
Latch
230µs
GND
From
ITRIPfilter
Schematic of the EN-/FLT-pin structure
This pin indicates the failure status of the IC. The signal level at this pin is LOW in case of undervoltage lockout
or triggering of the overcurrent protection. An external pull-up resistor to Vsupply, in the range of 4.7 k is
necessary to bias this open drain pin. The voltage at this pin is internally clamped to VDD, as can be seen in the
internal structure according to Figure 1. The internal pull-down FET has a typical resistance of RON, FLT = 35 .
The delay time from the overcurrent trigger event (ITRIP) to the change of status at the EN-/FLT-pin is tFLT =
2.1 µs typically according to the timing diagram depicted in Figure 2.
ITRIP
1V
0.1V
FAULT
2.1V
0.5V
tFLT
tFLTCLR
Any
output
Figure 2
3V
tITRIP
Timing diagram for tFLT propagation delay
Application Note AN2015-07
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EiceDRIVER™
Advanced use of pin EN-/FLT
Temporary fault latch
3
Temporary fault latch
It is common in cost sensitive applications that emergency signals are captured by polling techniques, as low
cost microcontrollers do not offer fast track interrupt pins. Thus, the microcontroller verifies given I/O-ports
within a defined interval. As a consequence, failure signals must be latched outside the microcontroller. Such a
latch can be implemented by properly using the EN-/FLT pin of the 2EDL23I06PJ and 2EDL23N06PJ. Two
different cases of operation must be considered:
 The driver IC indicates a fault condition and the microcontroller port is an input
 Active release and shut down of the driver IC by the microcontroller
3.1
The driver IC indicates a fault condition and the microcontroller port is
an input
Figure 3 indicates the connection between the microcontroller and the driver ICs for a three phase drive
system. All three EN-/FLT pins are connected directly to each other. This configuration does not consider an
enable or shut down option by active manipulation at pin EN-/FLT. A common pull-up resistor Rpu enables the
drive. The capacitor CFLT has two functions. First, it acts as a filter capacitor for the polling input of the
microcontroller and second, it works as a delay component for restart after an overcurrent protection event
2EDL23
EN-/FLT
2EDL23
EN-/FLT
2EDL23
SchmittTrigger
Vsupply
µC
To logic
Rpu
Rint
/FLT
CFLT
Figure 3
EN/FLT
Ron,FLT=
35 
From
logic
Circuit schematic for temporary latch of fault signal
Four values are influenced by selecting Rpu and CFLT:
 VEN,low, which is the steady state voltage at EN-/FLT after discharging the capacitor CFLT. This voltage must be
lower than the input logic low level VILmin of the microcontroller
 VEN,high, which is the steady state voltage at pin EN-/FLT during normal operation. This voltage must be higher
than the input logic high level VIHmax of the microcontroller
 tdis, which is the time interval needed for discharging CFLT from VEN,high to VILmin. This time must be shorter than
the fault clear time tFLTCLR
 tch, which is the time interval needed for charging CFLT from VEN,low to VIHmax
VEN,low and VEN,high must be calculated to check if the steady state voltages after discharging or after charging can
reach the logic threshold levels for VILmin and VIHmax for both, micorcontroller and driver IC.
Application Note AN2015-07
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EiceDRIVER™
Advanced use of pin EN-/FLT
Temporary fault latch
Here, the VILmin should take the lower one when comparing the microcontroller’s vaule and driver IC’s value,
meanwhile VIHmax should take the higher one. The interval Tdis must be shorter than the minimal value of tFLTCLR of
the 2EDL family. This means that certain conditions must be met:
𝑉EN,low =
𝑅pd
𝑅int ∙ 𝑅on,FLT
∙ 𝑉supply , 𝑅pd =
, assuming the input logic low level 𝑉ILmin = 0.7 𝑉
𝑅pd + 𝑅pu
𝑅int + 𝑅on,FLT
(1)
𝑅int
∙𝑉
, assuming the input logic high level 𝑉IHmax = 2.4 V
𝑅int + 𝑅pu supply
(2)
𝑉EN,high =
𝑇dis = 𝑅C ∙ 𝐶FLT ∙ ln (
𝑉EN,high
𝑅int ∙ 𝑅on,FLT
) < 𝑡FLTCLR , 𝑅C ≈ 𝑅pd =
𝑉ILmin
𝑅int + 𝑅on,FLT
(3)
From equation (1) and (2), the allowed range of the pull-up resistor Rpu can be derived. The boundary
conditions are
from equation (1): 𝑅pu >
𝑉supply − 𝑉ILmin 𝑅int ∙ 𝑅on,FLT
∙
𝑉ILmin
𝑅int + 𝑅on,FLT
(4)
𝑉supply − 𝑉IHmax
∙ 𝑅int
𝑉IHmax
(5)
from equation (2): 𝑅pu <
Equations (4) and (5) only depend on one application specific parameter, which is the supply voltage of the
microcontroller. The mainstream microcontrollers such as Infineon´s XC800 or XMC4000 series usually are
supplied from a 5V or a 3.3V source, while the switching thresholds of the 2EDL family are defined for accepting
3.3V logic signals. Additionally, the capacitor CFLT is given for an enlarged fault clear time T*FLTCLR.
∗
𝑇FLTCLR
= 𝑅C ∙ 𝐶FLT ∙ ln (
𝑉supply
) , 𝑅C ≈ 𝑅pu
𝑉supply − 𝑉IHmax
(6)
Please note, that the integrated pull-down resistor Rint is n-times in parallel when operating a n-phase system.
In this case R*int,N = Rint/n should be used to replace Rint in the related equations.
Table 2 presents the range of the pull-up resistor Rpu for 5V and for 3.3V.
Table 2
Evaluation and design proposal for Rpu and CFLTCLR
Vsupply
Phases
3.3 V
1
5V
Rpu,min / Rpu,max
Rpu,select
CFLTCLR
VEN,high
VEN,low
Tdis
T*FLTCLR
130  / 27.3 k
6.8 k
220 nF
3.019 V
0.017 V
12.5 µs
1.9 ms
1
215  / 79,0 k
8.2 k
330 nF
4.495V
0.021V
21.5 µs
1.8 ms
3.3 V
3
130  / 9.1 k
5.6 k
220 nF
2.683 V
0.020 V
10.3 µs
1.6 ms
5V
3
215  / 26.2 k
8.2 k
330 nF
3.740 V
0.021 V
19.3 µs
1.8 ms
Application Note AN2015-07
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EiceDRIVER™
Advanced use of pin EN-/FLT
Temporary fault latch
3.2
Active release and shut down of the driver IC by the microcontroller
Some applications require an active option to release and to shut down the power transistors. This can be
implemented in a simple way by activating the EN-/FLT pin. Three possible cases have to be taken into
account:
Release and shut down including temporary latch of failure mode
 Release and shut down without temporary latch of failure mode
 Using a microcontroller providing output pins with open drain option

Please note that all options described in section 3.2 can be combined with any option of section 3.1.
3.2.1
Release and shut down including temporary latch of failure mode
It can be derived from equations (1) to (5) that there is no technically reasonable solution by extending the
circuit of Figure 3 by simply adding an additional EN-pin of the microcontroller. A solution can be introduced by
an additional small signal transistor or a diode, which actively pulls down the voltage level at the EN-/FLT pin in
a short time. Thus, the microcontroller’s EN-pin can act as an emergency shut down for the application
according to Figure 4. Transistor T1 or diode D1 disable all driver ICs by pulling down all connected EN-/FLT
pins and overriding the external pull-up resistor.
2EDL23
EN-/FLT
2EDL23
EN-/FLT
2EDL23
Vsupply
µC
µC
SchmittTrigger
To logic
Rpu
Rint
/FLT
EN
Figure 4
D1
/FLT
T1
CFLT
EN
EN/FLT
Ron.FLT=
35 
From
logic
Circuit diagram for release and shut down by microcontroller with a diode or a transistor
A restart signal by enabling from microcontroller side will follow the charging curve of capacitor CFLT through
pull-up resistor Rpu, when using the circuit of Figure 4. The charging curve is described by equation (6).
With RC = Rpu the period of time TEN,µC until the system is finally released by the microcontroller is
TEN,µC = R pu ∙ CFLT ∙ ln (
Application Note AN2015-07
Vsupply
).
Vsupply − VIHmax
6
(7)
<Revision 1.0>
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EiceDRIVER™
Advanced use of pin EN-/FLT
Temporary fault latch
3.2.2
Using a microcontroller providing output pins with open drain
option
Some microcontrollers, such as the XC800 series [1], the XE16x series [2] or the XMC4000 series [3] from Infineon
provide general purpose I/O pins which are configurable as open drain outputs. This makes the two ideas
discussed in section 3.2.1 very simple to be implemented just by connecting the capacitor C FLT to the particular
microcontroller pin, which is configured as an open drain pin as shown in Figure 5. The schematic clearly
depicts how simple an intelligent use of the 2EDL family can be.
2EDL23
EN-/FLT
2EDL23
EN-/FLT
2EDL23
Vsupply
µC
SchmittTrigger
To logic
Rpu
Rint
/FLT
EN
Figure 5
EN/FLT
CFLT
Ron,FLT≈
35 
From
logic
Circuit diagram for release and shut down directly by open drain output of microcontroller
All equations (1) to (7) have to be considered in this case for the design of the pull-up resistor Rpu and the filter
capacitor CFLT.
Application Note AN2015-07
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EiceDRIVER™
Advanced use of pin EN-/FLT
Temporary fault latch
3.2.3
Release and shut down without temporary latch of failure mode
This option is very simple to implement, because no timing conditions have to be considered. Figure 6 depicts
the related application circuit. The enable / shut down function is included by using a decoupling resistor Rdec.
The filtering capacitor CFLT is basically neglected because it is usually very small in the range of a couple of
100 pF for filter purposes only. Also the external pull-up resistor Rpu can be left out, because the EN-pin of the
microcontroller takes over the pull-up function.
2EDL23
EN-/FLT
2EDL23
EN-/FLT
2EDL23
SchmittTrigger
Vsupply
µC
To logic
Rpu
Rdec
Rint
EN
/FLT
EN/FLT
CFLT
Figure 6
Ron,FLT=
35 
From
logic
Circuit diagram with release and shut down without temporary latch
The decoupling resistor Rdec must be dimensioned in a way that the integrated active pull-down transistor
inside of the driver IC can still pull down the signal. As a result, the voltage at the µC-pin /FLT can reach the
lower switching threshold in case of shut down.
Thus, only a single equation must be considered, in case Rdec is chosen as a pull-up resistor in the range of a
couple of k.
𝑅dec >
𝑉supply − 𝑉ILmin
∙ R on,FLT
𝑉ILmin
(8)
Please note that there may occur timing issues when Rdec is quite high.
During normal mode, the driver IC has a high resistive input as R int = 73 k, so that this case can usually be
covered by the µC capabilities. Please note here, as shown in section 3.1, that the integrated pull-down resistor
Rint is n-times in parallel, when operating an n-phase system. This means R*int,N = Rint / n. In this case, please
carefully calculate the proper value for Rdec to ensure the VEN,high level can still reach the maximum EN positive
going threshold VEN,TH+ of the driver IC which is 2.4 V for the 2EDL23. In case the driving capability of the
microcontroller output pin is not enough to drive the EN/-FLT pin, an external pull-up resistor to Vsupply as
depicted in Figure 3 is recommended.
Application Note AN2015-07
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EiceDRIVER™
Advanced use of pin EN-/FLT
References
4
References
[1]
Infineon Technologies: XC800 family; User´s manual; Infineon Technologies, Germany, 2010
[2]
Infineon Technologies: XE16x family; User´s manual; Infineon Technologies, Germany, 2011
[3]
Infineon Technologies: XMC4000 family; User´s manual; Infineon Technologies, Germany, 2012
Application Note AN2015-07
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EiceDRIVER™
Advanced use of pin EN-/FLT
Revision History
Revision History
Major changes since the last revision
Page or Reference
Description of change
Application Note AN2015-07
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Edition 2015-12-18
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2015 Infineon Technologies AG.
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Document reference
Application Note AN2015-07
IMPORTANT NOTICE
The information contained in this application note
is given as a hint for the implementation of the
product only and shall in no event be regarded as a
description or warranty of a certain functionality,
condition or quality of the product. Before
implementation of the product, the recipient of this
application note must verify any function and other
technical information given herein in the real
application.
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Technologies
hereby
disclaims any and all warranties and liabilities of
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any third party) with respect to any and all
information given in this application note.
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intended application and the completeness of the
product information given in this document with
respect to such application.
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