VOL 7 Battery Charging and Management Solutions High Performance Analog ICs B AT T E RY C H A R G I N G A N D M A N A G E M E N T S O L U T I O N S Linear Technology’s high performance battery charging and management ICs enable long battery life and run time, while providing precision charging control, constant status monitoring and stringent battery protection. Our proprietary design techniques seamlessly manage multiple input sources while providing small solution footprints, faster charging and 100% standalone operation. Battery and circuit protection features enable improved thermal performance and high reliability operation. Each battery chemistry has unique charging requirements. Selecting the correct battery charger increases the operational run time of the end product, ensuring that the battery is optimally charged. This guide contains the essential technical criteria to identify the optimum battery charging IC for 1-cell to multiple-cell configurations, regardless of chemistry. Data sheets for our complete battery management product portfolio, including our latest product releases, are available at www.linear.com. Battery Charging and Management Solutions Battery Charging Products T Y PE PAGE TOP OLOGY BATTE RY CHE M ISTRY Unique Charging Topologies Wireless Power Transfer + LTC®4120......................................... 2, 3 Lithium-Ion/Polymer Solar Battery Chargers............................................................... 6-9 LiFePO4 LTC4000 + Companion Switching Regulator ICs........................ 10, 11 NiMH/NiCd CC/CV Switching Regulators as Battery Chargers...................... 12, 13 Lead-Acid Supercapacitor/Capacitor Chargers and Backup Power ICs....... 18, 19 Multichemistry Supercapacitor Switch Mode – Monolithic Lithium-Ion/Polymer Switch Mode Buck Battery Chargers.......................................... 4 Switch Mode Buck-Boost Battery Chargers............................... 5 SWITCHING VIN + MONOLITHIC CHARGER LiFePO4 BAT NiMH/NiCd T Lead-Acid Multichemistry Switch Mode – Controller Switch Mode Buck Battery Charger Controllers.......................... 4 Switch Mode Buck-Boost Battery Charger Controllers............... 5 Nickel Battery Chargers.............................................................. 21 Lithium-Ion/Polymer VIN LiFePO4 SWITCHING CHARGER + BAT NiMH/NiCd Lead-Acid T Multichemistry Tutorial: PowerPath™ Control.............................................14-16 Visit www.linear.com for our complete product offering. B AT T E RY C H A R G I N G A N D M A N A G E M E N T S O L U T I O N S Battery Charging Products (continued) T YPE PAGE TOP OLOGY BATTE RY CHE M ISTRY Power Managers (BAT Decoupled from VOUT) Linear Power Managers................................................................. 17 Switch Mode Power Managers...................................................... 17 Lithium-Ion/Polymer WALL WALL SYSTEM SYSTEM LOAD LOAD USBUSB 4.1V Float Voltage Power Managers.............................................. 24 POWER MANAGER POWER MANAGER ++ BATBAT T T LiFePO4 Switch Mode – Smart Battery Smart Battery Chargers.............................................................. 20 Lithium-Ion/Polymer VIN LiFePO4 NiMH/NiCd + SMART BATTERY CHARGER + Lead-Acid • SPI • SMBus • I/O BAT Multichemistry Supercapacitor Linear Chargers Lithium-Ion/Polymer Nickel Battery Chargers................................................................. 21 USB Compatible Battery Chargers................................................ 22, 23 NiMH/NiCd 4.2V Charge Voltage (1- and 2-Cell) Battery Chargers................... 22, 23 VIN “X” Series–Fast Charge Depleted Batteries (No Trickle Charge)...... 23 LINEAR CHARGER + T BAT 4.1V Charge Voltage (1-Cell) Battery Chargers............................... 24 Coin Cell/Low Current Battery Chargers........................................ 25 Linear Charger + Regulators Battery Chargers with Onboard Regulators or Comparators.......... 22 Lithium-Ion/Polymer VIN LINEAR CHARGER AND REGULATOR VOUT1 VOUT2 + BAT T Power Management Integrated Circuits (PMICs) with Integrated Chargers 4.1V Float Voltage PMICs........................................................... 26 Switch Mode Power Manager-Based PMICs.............................. 26 Lithium-Ion/Polymer USB/WALL 4.35V TO 5.5V BAT T Linear Power Manager-Based PMICs......................................... 27 Battery-Fed PMICs..................................................................... 28 TO OTHER LOADS + PMIC ENABLE CONTROLS 5 3.3V/25mA 0.8V TO 3.6V/400mA 0.8V TO 3.6V/400mA 0.8V TO 3.6V/1A RST 2 RTC/LOW POWER LOGIC MEMORY I/O CORE µPROCESSOR I2C Master Selector Guides for Battery Chargers...................... 38-42 μModule® Battery Chargers.................................................. 43 Battery Management Products Ideal Diodes/PowerPath Controllers............................................ 29 Battery Monitoring – Comparators & Voltage References............. 33 Active Balancing ICs................................................................... 30, 31 Special Functions....................................................................... 34, 35 Battery Stack Monitors for Hybrid/Electric Vehicles and Pushbutton Controllers............................................................... 36 Battery Backup Systems............................................................ 32 High Side and Low Side Current Sensing................................... 37 2 B AT T E RY C H A R G I N G S O L U T I O N S Lithium-Ion/Polymer LiFePO4 Wireless Power Receiver & Buck Battery Charger LTC4120 The LTC4120, a high performance wireless receiver and battery charger, serves as the central component of the receiver electronics in a wireless battery charging system. The Linear Technology wireless power system is designed to transmit up to 2W to a battery with a maximum charge current of 400mA. The programmable float voltage of the device accommodates several battery chemistries and configurations. The IC utilizes a patented dynamic harmonization control (DHC) technique that enables high efficiency contactless charging with maximum TX to RX coil distance and misalignment without any of the thermal or overvoltage issues typically associated with wireless power systems. Wireless charging with the LTC4120 enables or improves many different applications. For instance, expensive connectors which become failure-prone in harsh environments can be eliminated. Similarly, wireless charging allows for a completely sealed enclosure for applications that require sterilization. Elimination of wires enables rechargeable batteries to be placed in moving or rotating equipment. Some applications are simply too small to use a conventional connector. Wireless charging can also provide transformerless galvanic isolation for high reliability isolated applications. The LTC4120 provides the ability to charge batteries in applications where it is difficult or impossible to use a connector. Unlike consumer-oriented solutions following the Qi standard, the LTC4120-based solution addresses the needs of high reliability industrial, military and medical applications. LTC4120 — Key Technical Features • Dynamic Harmonization Control Reduces Alignment Sensitivity and Extends Power Transmission Range • Enables Up to 2W Wireless Charging at Up to a 1.2cm Gap • Adjustable Battery Charge Voltage: 3.5V to 11V • 50mA to 400mA Charge Current, Programmed with a Single Resistor • No Microprocessor or Firmware Required • No Transformer Core • Wide Rectified Input Voltage Range: 4.3V to 40V • Thermally Enhanced 16-Lead 3mm × 3mm QFN Package Applications • Industrial/Military Sensors and Devices • Portable Medical Devices • Physically Small Devices • Electrically Isolated Devices • Devices for Harsh Environments LTC4120 75% Size Demo Circuit Basic Transmitter Board LTC4120 75% Size Receiver/Charger Demo Board Lithium-Ion/Polymer B AT T E RY C H A R G I N G S O L U T I O N S LiFePO4 Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) An inductive wireless power system consists of transmitter electronics, transmit coil, receive coil and receiver electronics. The LTC4120based resonant coupled system uses dynamic harmonization control (DHC) to optimize power transfer and provide overvoltage protection. This eliminates the need for precise mechanical alignment between the transmit and receive coils as well as the need for a coupling core. The LTC4120 wireless buck charger forms the basis for the receiver electronics. The receive coil can be integrated into the receiver electronics circuit board. Linear Technology offers several transmitter electronics options. The LTC4125 is the power controller for a simple but versatile wireless power transmitter. The LTC4125 enhances a basic wireless power transmitter by providing three key features: an AutoResonant function that maximizes available receiver power, an Optimum Power Search algorithm that maximizes overall wireless power system efficiency and foreign object detection to ensure safe and reliable operation when working in the presence of conductive foreign objects. LTC4120 Product Page: www.linear.com/product/LTC4120 LTC4120 Application Note: www.linear.com/docs/43968 LTC4125 Product Page: www.linear.com/product/LTC4125 COUPLING (TX + RX COIL) TX CIRCUIT DC POWER SUPPLY TX COIL LTC4120 CIRCUIT RX COIL TX BATTERY RX WIRELESS BATTERY CHARGING SYSTEM 14 1W COIL SEPARATION (mm) 12 Wireless Power Transfer System Block Diagram Charging 10 8 2W 6 4 2 0 0 5 10 –20 –15 –10 –5 COIL CENTER OFFSET (mm) Part Number Device Architecture 15 20 Battery Charge Power vs RX-TX Coil Location Vin Range (V) Power Level (W) Auto Resonant Drive Foreign Object Detection Optimum Power Transfer Practical Coupling Distance (mm) Package (mmxmm) Yes 13 Full Power 16 Half Power 4x5 QFN-20 Wireless Power Transmitters LTC4125 Wireless Transmitter 3 to 5.5 5 Yes Yes Part Number Device Architecture Vin Range (V) Power Level (W) Charge Current (mA) Practical Coupling Distance (mm) Cell (s) Chemistry Charge Termination Method Package (mmxmm) Battery Chargers LTC4120 Wireless Receiver & Battery Charger 4.25 to 40 2 50 to 400 12 1 to 3 Lithium Adj. Timer 3x3 QFN-16 LTC4123 Wireless Receiver & Battery Charger 2.2 to 5 .038 25 12 1 Nickle Adj. Timer 2x2 DFN-6 LTC4071 Shunt Battery Charger N/A Shunt .21 50 12 1 Lithium Thermal NTC 2x3 DFN-8 LT3652HV High Power Battery Charger 4.95 to 34 2 (40V abs max) 12 1 to 5 Lithium Lead Acid Adj. Timer or C/10 3x3 DFN-12, MSOP-12E 2A 3 4 B AT T E RY C H A R G I N G S O L U T I O N S Lithium-Ion/Polymer NiMH/NiCd LiFePO4 Multichemistry Lead-Acid Switch Battery Chargers Our step-down (buck) battery chargers enable high efficiency charging from a wide input voltage range for a variety of battery chemistries. LT®3651: Monolithic 4A High Voltage Li-Ion Battery Charger MBRS340 VIN 5.5V TO 32V CLP SHDN ACPR FAULT CHRG RT 54.9k TO SYSTEM LOAD 22µF VIN CLN AC ADAPTER INPUT 24VDC AT 1A SW 1µF VIN 750k 44.2k 51.1k 1N5819 SENSE LT3651-4.2 ILIM 24m BAT 100µF NTC RNG/SS GND + LT3652HV SW 1µF 10V VIN_REG BOOST SHDN SENSE CHRG BAT FAULT NTC TIMER VFB 1N4148 20µH 0.068 665k 127k R1 10K B = 3380 BATTERY SYSTEM LOAD + 10µF 150k 5-Cell LiFePO4 PACK (18V FLOAT) 24V 5-Cell LiFePO4 Charger (18V at 1.5A) with C/10 Termination 7.5V to 32V Single Cell 4A Charger Part Number D3 MBRS340 MBRS340 10µF 3.3µH BOOST TIMER Maximum Charge Current (A) LT3652HV: Power Tracking 2A Battery Charger VBAT Range (V) Battery Chemistry Number of Battery Cells (Series) Input Voltage (V) Integrated Power Transistor Synchronous Charge Termination Package (mmxmm) Switch Mode Multi-Chemistry Buck (Step-Down) Battery Chargers LTC4121 0.4 3.6 to 18 Li-Ion, LiFePO4 SLA, 1-5 LiFePO4 SLA 1-4 Li-Ion 4.3 to 40 ~ – Timer 3x3 QFN-16 LT1510 1 2.5 to 26 NiMH NiCd SLA Li-Ion 1-12 Ni, SLA 1-4 Li-Ion 7 to 29 ~ – External µC or LTC1729 SO-8, SSOP-16, SO-16 LT3652 2 3.3 to 14.4 SLA, LiFePO4 Li-Ion SLA , 1-4 LiFePO4 1-3 Li-Ion 4.9 to 32† ~ – Timer or C/10 3x3 DFN-12, MSOP-12E LT3652HV 2 3.3 to 18 SLA, LiFePO4 Li-Ion SLA, 1-5 LiFePO4 1-4 Li-Ion 4.9 to 34† ~ – Timer or C/10 LT1769 2 2.5 to 26 NiMH NiCd SLA Li-Ion 1-12 Ni, SLA 1-4 Li-Ion 7 to 29 ~ – External µC or LTC1729 TSSOP-20, SSOP-28 LT1511 3 2.5 to 26 NiMH NiCd SLA Li-Ion 1-12 Ni, SLA 1-4 Li-Ion 7 to 29 – – External µC or LTC1729 SO-24 LTC4008 4 3 to 28 NiMH NiCd SLA Li-Ion 4-18 Ni, SLA 2-6 Li-Ion 6 to 28 – ~ External µC SSOP-20 LTC4009/-1*/-2 4 2 to 28 NiMH NiCd SLA Li-Ion 2-18 Ni, 1-4 Li-Ion 6 to 28 – ~ External µC 4x4 QFN-20 LTC4012/-1*/-2/-3 4 2 to 28 NiMH NiCd SLA Li-Ion 2-18 Ni, 1-4 Li-Ion 6 to 28 – ~ External µC 4x4 QFN-20 LT1505 8 2.5 to 23 NiMH NiCd SLA Li-Ion 1-12 Ni, SLA 1-4 Li-Ion 6.7 to 26 – ~ External µC SSOP-28 LTC1960 8 3.5 to 28 NiMH NiCd SLA Li-Ion 4-16 Ni, SLA 2-6 Li-Ion 6 to 28 – ~ External µC 5x7 QFN-38, SSOP-36 LTC4015 20** up to 35V LiFePO4 SLA Li-Ion 3/6/12 SLA, 1-9 LiFePO4 1-8 Li-Ion 4.5 to 35 – ~ Timer, C/X 5x7 QFN-38 3x3 DFN-12, MSOP-12E Switch Mode Li-Ion Buck Battery Chargers LT1571 1.5 2.5 to 26 Li-Ion 1-2, Adj 6.2 to 27 ~ – External µC SSOP-16, SSOP-28 LTC4001/-1* 2 4.2 Li-Ion 1 4 to 5.5 ~ ~ Timer 3x3 QFN-16 LT3650-4.1/-4.2 2 4.1, 4.2 Li-Ion 1 4.75 to 32† (40 Max) ~ – Timer + C/10 3x3 DFN-12, MSOP-12E LT3650-8.2/-8.4 2 8.2, 8.4 Li-Ion 2 9 to 32† (40 Max) ~ – Timer + C/10 3x3 DFN-12, MSOP-12E LT3651-4.1/4.2 4 4.1, 4.2 Li-Ion 1 4.8 to 32 ~ ~ Timer + C/10 5x6 QFN-36 LT3651-8.2/8.4 4 8.2, 8.4 Li-Ion 2 9 to 32 ~ ~ Timer + C/10 5x6 QFN-36 LTC4002-4.2/-8.4 4 4.2, 8.4 Li-Ion 1-2 4.7 to 22 – – Timer 3x3 DFN-10, SO-8 LTC4006-2/-4/-6 4 5 to 16.8 Li-Ion 2-4 6 to 28 – ~ Timer SSOP-16 LTC4007/-1 4 7.5 to 16.8 Li-Ion 3-4 6 to 28 – ~ Timer SSOP-24 *4.1V Cell Voltage, **Depends on external components, † Minimum Start-up Voltage is + 3.3V Above VBATMAX Lithium-Ion/Polymer LiFePO4 NiMH/NiCd B AT T E RY C H A R G I N G S O L U T I O N S Multichemistry Lead-Acid Buck-Boost Battery Chargers Our buck-boost battery chargers seamlessly charge a battery as its voltage varies below, above or equal to the input voltage. LTC4020: 55V Buck-Boost Multi-Chemistry Battery Charger with Maximum Power Point Control (MPPC) Maximum Power Efficiency vs VIN Features • 100 Wide Voltage Range: 4.5V to 55V Input, Up to 55V Output (60V Absolute Maximums) Synchronous Buck-Boost DC/DC Controller • Li-Ion and Lead-Acid Charge Algorithms • ±0.5% Float Voltage Accuracy • ±5% Charge Current Accuracy • Instant-On for Heavily Discharged Batteries • Ideal Diode Controller Provides Low Loss PowerPath when Input Power is Limited 80 • Input Voltage Regulation for High Impedance Input Supplies and Solar Panel Peak Power Operation 75 Onboard Timer for Protection and Termination • Bad Battery Detection with Auto-Reset • NTC Input for Temperature Qualified Charging • Low Profile (0.75mm) 38-Pin 5mm × 7mm QFN Package 80 EFFICIENCY (%) 70 60 90 INPUT POWER 50 85 40 30 20 10 P(LOSS) 5 10 20 15 25 0 30 V IN (V) BUCK-BOOST DC/DC CONVERTER RSENSEA VIN PowerPath BATTERY CHARGER VOUT RCS Applications • Portable Industrial and Medical Equipment • Solar-Powered Systems • Military Communications Equipment • 12V to 24V Embedded Automotive Systems LTC4020 RSENSEB RNTC DC2044A 30% of Actual Size Demo Circuit Buck-Boost DC/DC Converter Controller with PowerPath Battery Charger Accepts Inputs from 4.5V to 55V and Produces Output Voltages Up to 55V Part Number Number of Battery Cells (Series) Maximum Charge Current (A) VBAT Range (V) Battery Chemistry Input Voltage (V) Integrated Power Transistor Synchronous Charge Termination Package (mmxmm) Switch Mode Buck-Boost (Step-Down/Step-Up) Battery Chargers LT1512 1-12 Ni 0.8 1.5 to 20 NiCd NiMH SLA 2.4 to 29 ~ – External µC SO-8 LT1513 1-12 Ni 1.6 1.5 to 20 NiCd NiMH SLA 2.4 to 29 ~ – External µC DD Pak, TO-220 LTC1980 1-2 Li-Ion 4 2.85 to 10 NiCd NiMH Li-Ion 4.1 to 12 – – External µC, Timer (Li-Ion) SSOP-24 LTC4110 *† Up to 10 Ni, 1-4 Li-Ion, Up to 6 SLA 4 3.5 to 18 NiCd NiMH SLA, Li-Ion 6 to 19 – ~ Timer, C/10, SMBus 5x7 QFN-38 LTC4020 SLA, LiFePO4, Li-Ion, SLA 20+** 2.5 to 55 LiFePO4, 1-13 Li-Ion 4.5 to 55 – ~ Timer, C/x 5x7 QFN-38 *Flyback Topology, **Depends on external components, † Supercapacitor Compatible POWER (W) • 90 EFFICIENCY 95 • 100 VOUT = 14V 5 B AT T E RY C H A R G I N G S O L U T I O N S Lithium-Ion/Polymer NiMH/NiCd LiFePO4 Multichemistry Lead-Acid Solar Battery Charging ICs intermittent power generation nature of solar panels. However, solar panels are non-ideal Figure 1 Solar Panel I-V Curve Showing Maximum Power power sources, and the operating point at which maximum power is generated depends Full Sun 72-Cell 180W on many factors such as incident light (including any partial shading), temperature and 7 panel aging. When discussing solar panels and power, terms such as maximum power 6 point tracking (MPPT) and maximum power point control (MPPC) are often used. 5 As can be seen in Figure 1, the output current of a solar panel varies nonlinearly with the panel voltage. Under short-circuit conditions, the output power is zero since the output voltage is zero. Under open-circuit conditions, the output power is zero since the output current is zero. Most solar panel manufacturers specify the panel voltage at maximum power (Vmp). This voltage is typically around 70 – 80% of the panel’s open circuit voltage (Voc). In Figure 1 the maximum power is just under 140W with Vmp just under 32V and Imp just under 4.5A. Ideally, any system using a solar panel would operate that panel at its maximum power output. This is particularly true of a solar powered battery charger, where the goal is to capture and store as much solar energy as possible, as quickly as possible. Put another way, since we cannot predict the availability or intensity of solar power, we need to harness as much energy as possible while energy is available. There are many different ways to operate a solar panel at its maximum power point. One of the simplest is to connect a battery to the solar panel through a diode. This technique is described in the Linear Technology article “Energy Harvesting with Low Power Solar Panels” (www.linear.com/solutions/1786). It relies on matching the maximum output voltage of the panel to the relatively narrow voltage range of the battery. When available power levels are very low (approximately less than a few tens of milliwatts), this may be the best approach. The article describes using the LTC4071 with a single-cell Li-Ion/ polymer battery. However, the same basic approach can be used with the LTC4079 (without the diode). The LTC4079 dramatically increases the flexibility of this approach by allowing any battery voltage from 1.2V to 60V. Therefore, a specified solar panel can be matched to a battery or a specified battery can be matched to a panel. An alternate approach is to implement a complete maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm. There are a variety of MPPT algorithms, but most have the ability to sweep the entire operating range of the solar panel to determine where maximum power is produced. The LT8490 is an example of an integrated circuit that performs this function. The advantage of a full MPPT algorithm is that it can differentiate a local power peak from a global power maximum. In multicell solar panels, it is possible to have more than one power peak during partial shading conditions (see Figure 2). The difference in available power between operating at the true global maximum power point and a false local maximum can be very large. Typically, a full MPPT algorithm is required to find the true maximum power operating point. It does so by periodically sweeping the entire output range of the solar panel and remembering the operating conditions where maximum power was achieved. When the sweep is complete, the circuitry forces the panel to return to its maximum power point. In between these periodic sweeps, the MPPT algorithm will continuously dither the operating point to ensure that it operates at the peak. Pmp 4 Imp 3 2 1 0 0V 10V 20V 30V Panel Output Voltage 40V 50V 140 130 120 110 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Panel Output Power (W) Batteries are often paired with solar panels to provide energy storage for the inherently Panel Output Current (A) 6 Current Power LiFePO4 NiMH/NiCd Lead-Acid B AT T E RY C H A R G I N G S O L U T I O N S Multichemistry An intermediate approach is something that Linear Technology calls maximum power point control (MPPC). This technique takes advantage of the fact that the maximum power voltage (VMP) of a solar panel does not, typically, vary much as the amount of Figure 2 Partially Shaded Solar Panel Showing Multiple Power Maxima Partially Shaded 72-Cell 180W Panel incident light changes (see "Solar Battery Charger Maintains High Efficiency in Low 7 Light" for more information). Therefore, a simple circuit can force the panel to operate at 6 measure the panel voltage and if the input voltage falls below the programmed level, the 5 load on the panel is reduced until it can maintain the programmed voltage level. Products with this functionality include the LTC3105, LTC3129, LT3652(HV), LTC4000‑1, and the LTC4020. Depending on solar panel construction, shading conditions and incident light levels, a full MPPT algorithm can extract considerably more power from a solar panel Panel Output Current (A) a fixed voltage and approximate maximum power operation. A voltage divider is used to 4 3 2 than an MPPC algorithm. However, under some circumstances, the simplicity of an 1 MPPC approach may be a better choice. 0 A recent Linear Technology product introduction provides yet another technique to extract maximum power from a limited source. The new approach is a blend of a full MPPT algorithm and an MPPC function. The LTC4121 employs an MPPT algorithm that compares a stored open-circuit input voltage measurement against the instantaneous input voltage while charging. The LTC4121 automatically reduces the charge current if the input voltage falls below the user-defined percentage of the open-circuit voltage. This algorithm lets the LTC4121 optimize power transfer for a variety of different input sources including first order temperature compensation of a solar panel. While this technique will not differentiate between local and global maxima, it will adjust its operating conditions as temperature varies, and it can accommodate a variety of solar panels without hardware changes assuming the ratio of VMP to VOC remains approximately constant. In summary, there are many different ways of operating a solar panel at its maximum output operating condition. The panel can be connected to a battery (through a diode) whose voltage range is close to the maximum power voltage of the panel. A full MPPT algorithm, including periodic global sweeps to find the global maximum and a continuous dither to remain at that maximum can be used (an example is the LT8490). Other products implement an input voltage regulation technique (MPPC) to operate a solar panel at a fixed operating voltage, including the energy harvesting switching regulator devices LTC3105, LTC3129, the charge controller LTC4000-1, plus the battery chargers LT3652(HV), and the LTC4020. Finally, the LTC4121 blends two approaches. 0V 10V 20V 30V Panel Output Voltage 40V 50V 140 130 120 110 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Panel Output Power (W) Lithium-Ion/Polymer Current Power 7 8 B AT T E RY C H A R G I N G S O L U T I O N S Lithium-Ion/Polymer NiMH/NiCd LiFePO4 Multichemistry Lead-Acid Solar Battery Chargers: Switch Mode Buck / Buck-Boost, Linear and Shunt LT8490 - High Voltage, High Current Buck-Boost Battery Charge Controller with Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) Features • V Range: 6V to 80V IN Typical Application Circuit • VBAT Range: 1.3V to 80V • Single Inductor Allows VIN Above, Below or Equal to VBAT • Automatic MPPT for Solar Powered Charging • Automatic Temperature Compensation • No Software or Firmware Development Required • Operation from Solar Panel or DC Supply GATEVCC´ SOLAR PANEL LOAD TG1 BOOST1 SW1 BG1 CSP CSN Input and Output Current Monitor Pins • Four Integrated Feedback Loops • Synchronizable Fixed Frequency: 100kHz to 400kHz • 64-Lead (7mm × 11mm × 0.75mm) QFN Package • Li-Ion Battery Charger • Battery Equipped Industrial or Portable Military Equipment TG2 CSPOUT CSNOUT EXTVCC CSNIN CSPIN VIN LT8490 LT8490 GATEVCC´ + – RECHARGABLE BATTERY AVDD TEMPSENSE THERMISTOR GATEVCC INTVCC Applications • Solar Powered Battery Chargers Multiple Types of Lead-Acid Battery Charging BG2 SW2 BOOST2 VBAT • • GATEVCC´ STATUS FAULT GND AVDD AVDD FULL PANEL SCAN VPANEL 6V/DIV PERTURB & OBSERVE PERTURB & OBSERVE IPANEL 1.36A/DIV 0.5s/DIV BACK PAGE APPLICATION Maximum Power Point Tracking Part Number Maximum Charge Current (A) VBAT Range (V) Battery Chemistry Number of Battery Cells (Series) Input Voltage (V) Integrated Power Transistor Synchronous Charge Termination MPPx Package (mmxmm) Switch Mode Multi-Chemistry Buck and Buck-Boost (Step-Down/Step-Up) Solar Battery Chargers LT3652 2 3.3 to 14.4 SLA, LiFePO4 Li-Ion SLA , 1-4 LiFePO4, 1-3 Li-Ion 4.9 to 32† ~ – Timer or C/10 MPPC 3x3 DFN-12, MSOP-12E LT3652HV 2 3.3 to 18 SLA, LiFePO4 Li-Ion SLA, 1-5 LiFePO4, 1-4 Li-Ion 4.9 to 34† ~ – Timer or C/10 MPPC 3x3 DFN-12, MSOP-12E LTC4121 400mA 3.5V to 18V SLA LiFePO4 Li-Ion SLA 1-5 LiFePO4, 1-4 Li-Ion 4.4V to 40V ~ ~ Timer MPPT 3x3 QFN-16 LTC4020 20+* 2.5V to 55V SLA, LiFePO4, Li-Ion SLA, 1-15 LiFePO4, 1-13 Li-Ion 4.5V to 55V – ~ Timer, C/x MPPC 5x7 QFN-38 LT8490 20+* 1.3V to 80V SLA, Li-Ion SLA, 1-19 Li-Ion 2.8V to 80V – ~ Timer, C/10 MPPT 5x7 QFN-38, TSSOP-38 SLA, 1-14 Li-Ion, 1-50 Ni 2.7V to 60V ~ n/a C/10, Timer DVReg^ 3x3 DFN-10 Linear Multi-Chemistry Solar Battery Chargers LTC4079 250mA 1.2V to 60V SLA Li-Ion, Ni Shunt Solar Battery Chargers LTC4070 50mA 2.7V to 4.2V Li-Ion 1, unlimited ~ – n/a n/a n/a 2x3 DFN-8, MSOP-8 LTC4071 50mA ^^ 2.7V to 4.2V Li-Ion 1, unlimited ~ – n/a n/a n/a 2x3 DFN-8, MSOP-8 * Depends on external components ^ Differential voltage regulation ^^ 500mA with external PFET Lithium-Ion/Polymer NiMH/NiCd LiFePO4 B AT T E RY C H A R G I N G S O L U T I O N S Multichemistry Lead-Acid LTC4020 - 55V Buck-Boost Multi-Chemistry Battery Charger with Maximum Power Point Control (MPPC) Features • Wide Voltage Range: 4.5V to 55V Input, Up to 55V Output (60V Absolute Maximums) Applications • Solar-Powered Systems • Synchronous Buck-Boost DC/DC Controller • Portable Industrial and Medical Equipment • Li-Ion and Lead-Acid Charge Algorithms • Military Communications Equipment • Input Voltage Regulation for High Impedance Input Supplies and Solar Panel Peak Power Operation • 12V to 24V Embedded Automotive Systems • ±0.5% Float Voltage Accuracy • ±5% Charge Current Accuracy • Instant-On for Heavily Discharged Batteries • Ideal Diode Controller Provides Low Loss PowerPath when Input Power is Limited • Onboard Timer for Protection and Termination • Bad Battery Detection with Auto-Reset • NTC Input for Temperature Qualified Charging • Low Profile (0.75mm) 38-Pin 5mm × 7mm QFN Package VIN 24V TO 55V RSENSEA 0.01 1µF + Si7850DP 56µF ×2 MBRS360 VOUT Si7850DP 0.1µF IHLP-5050FD-5A 22µH Si7850DP Si7850DP 4.7µF + RSENSEB 0.01 56µF ×2 4.7µF SBR0560S1 PGND PVIN BG1 SW1 TG1 1µF BST1 SGND INTVCC LTC4020 LTC4020 RT, 100k SENSGND VC SENSBOT SENSTOP SENSVIN VFBMAX RT 33k 680pF ITH ILIMIT CSOUT 365k 1.5nF 2nF 20k 100Ω CSP SHDN 10k 12k 1µF BZX84C6V2L BST2 SGND 0.033µF 191k SBR0560S1 BG2 SW2 TG2 VIN_REG MODE STAT1 STAT2 TIMER RNG_SS CSN 0.33µF 100Ω Si7465DP BGATE BAT VFBMIN SGNDBACK FBG VFB RSENSE 0.02Ω 20k 356k RNTC 10k NTC 12-CELL Li-ION (48V) Application Schematic: Remote 24V to 55V (48V System) Input to 12-Cell Li-Ion (48V) PowerPath Charger/System Supply. 5A Inductor Current Limit with 2.5A Battery Charge Current Limit. Minimum VIN is 24V as Input Regulation Limits Voltage Loss Due to Line Impedance. Battery Termination Voltage Is 48V with Maximum Output Voltage of 52.8V. Instant-On Functionality Limits Minimum Regulated Output Voltage to 40.8V. 9 B AT T E RY C H A R G I N G S O L U T I O N S Lithium-Ion/Polymer NiMH/NiCd LiFePO4 Lead-Acid Multichemistry The Power and Flexibility of the LTC4000 / LTC4000-1 The LTC4000 is a high voltage controller and power manager which, when paired with an externally compensated DC/DC converter, becomes a full-featured battery charger solution. The LTC4000 is capable of driving virtually any topology, including buck, boost, buck-boost, SEPIC and flyback converters. Its intelligent PowerPath manager provides power to the system load when input power is available, enabling instant-on operation even with a deeply discharged battery. A full-featured controller, the LTC4000 can charge a variety of battery types including lithium, nickel and lead-acid based chemistries. Highly accurate charge current and float voltage, as well as onboard termination, ensure safe and accurate charging. Complete Solution: PowerPath™ Control & Termination, No Software 12S 2.2Ah Li-Ion Charge Curves 60V, 20A+ Battery Charging Controller 52 Features • Input/Output Voltage: 3V to 60V 2.5 VBAT 49 Charge Currents up to 20A+ • Input Ideal Diode for Low Loss Reverse Blocking and Load Sharing • Programmable Input and Charge Current: ±1% Accuracy • ±0.1% Accurate Programmable Float Voltage • Programmable C/X or Timer-Based Charge Termination • NTC Input for Temperature-Qualified Charging • LTC4000-1 for Solar Panel Input Applications 46 Buck 1.5 IBAT 43 1.0 40 0.5 37 0.0 34 0:0:00 DC/DC Converter 2.0 1:30:00 0:30:00 1:00:00 1:15:00 0:15:00 0:45:00 TIME (HR:MIN:SEC) Boost Buck-Boost SEPIC VIN 3V to 60V System Flyback ITH Turns Any Switching Regulator Into a Charger IGATE VM BGATE LTC4000 Status BAT I = Up to 20A+ CHRG GND Multicell Battery Stack LTC4000 Buck-Boost Configuration Actual Size Demo Circuit –0.5 CHARGE CURRENT (A) • BATTERY VOLTAGE (V) 10 Lithium-Ion/Polymer NiMH/NiCd LiFePO4 Lead-Acid B AT T E RY C H A R G I N G S O L U T I O N S Multichemistry LTC4000, LTC4000-1 Paired with Example Companion Switching Regulators 15V to 60V Buck 10A Charger for 3-Cell LiFePO4 12V to 21V Boost 10A Charger for 24V Lead-Acid VIN VIN VOUT VOUT BUCK CONTROLLER ITH BOOST CONTROLLER CC CSN CLN IN IID IGATE LTC4000 OFB BGATE OFB FBG CL TMRC X GND BIAS CSP CSN CLN IN BGATE LTC4000 CC ITH IID IGATE CSP FBG BFB TMRC CL X GND BIAS BFB BAT BAT 18V to 72V Flyback 2A Charger for 1-Cell Li-Ion 6V to 36V Buck-Boost 5A Charger for 4-Cell LiFePO4 VOUT VIN VIN VSYS • VOUT • VCC FLYBACK CONTROLLER VCC VOUT IN BUCK BOOST CONTROLLER CLN IID IGATE CSP LTC4000 CSN ITH CC IID IGATE CSP CC BGATE CSN CLN ITH OFB LTC4000 IN BGATE OFB FBG FBG BFB CL TMRC X CL GND BIAS TMRC X GND BIAS BFB BAT BAT Topology LTC4000 + Switcher Input Voltage (V) Output Voltage (V) Charge Current (A) Battery Lab-Tested LTC4000 Applications Buck-Boost LTC3789 5-30 14.4 10 4 Cell LiFePO4 Buck-Boost LTC3789 6-36 14.6 5 4 Cell LiFePO4 Buck-Boost LTC3789 9-30 16.8 5 4 Cell Li-Ion Buck-Boost LTC3789 10-27 24 4 12 Cell Lead-Acid Buck-Boost LTC3789 11-13 13.6 4 6 Cell Lead-Acid Buck-Boost LTC3789 11-13 38 2.5 18 Cell Lead-Acid Buck-Boost LT3790 6-60 14.5 6.5 4 Cell LiFePO4 Buck-Boost LT8705 (+ LTC4000-1) 15-60 29.4 6.25 7 Cell Li-Ion Boost LTC3787 12-21 30 10 12 Cell Lead-Acid Boost LTC3862 19-24 42.5 5 11 Cell Li-Ion Boost LTC3862 19-24 53.3 5 13 Cell Li-Ion Boost LTC3786 6-21 21 5 5 Cell Li-Ion Buck LT3845A 24-60 16.8 10 4 Cell Li-Ion Buck LT3845A 15-60 10.8 10 3 Cell LiFePO4 Active Clamp Forward LTC3765, LTC3766 12-36 28 7 Lead-Acid AC / DC NCP1012 110/220 (AC) 14.4 0.33 4 Cell LiFePO4 Flyback LTC3805 18-72 4.2 2 1 Cell Li-Ion 11 12 B AT T E RY C H A R G I N G S O L U T I O N S Lithium-Ion/Polymer NiMH/NiCd LiFePO4 Multichemistry Lead-Acid Supercapacitor CC/CV Switching Regulators as Battery Chargers In some battery powered applications, a system microcontroller already exists that can assume some, if not all, of the functions required to safely manage the charging of the battery. In other cases, an integrated battery charger IC that meets the design requirements may not exist. While the LTC4000 can help in many of these scenarios, a switching regulator with the ability to accurately control both its output voltage and its output current may be sufficient. This section describes a variety of Linear Technology products that meet this requirement. Typically, these products can be used in several different power topologies with extremely wide voltage operating ranges. LT3790 - 60V Synchronous 4-Switch Buck-Boost Controller Features • 4-Switch Single Inductor Architecture Allows V Above, Below or Equal to VOUT IN • Synchronous Switching: Up to 98.5% Efficiency • Wide VIN Range: 4.7V to 60V • 2% Output Voltage Accuracy: 1.2V ≤ VOUT < 60V • 6% Output Current Accuracy: 0V ≤ VOUT < 60V • 38-Lead TSSOP Package PVIN 9V TO 58V RIN 0.003 1µF 51 VIN D1 IVINN TG1 30.9k BG1 OVLO LT3790 IVINMON ISMON CTRL BG2 SW2 TG2 ISP VREF PWM CCM RT SS SYNC VC D1, D2: BAT46WJ 84.5k L1: COILCRAFT SER2915L-103K 2.2k 22nF 300kHz M1-M4: RENESAS RJK0651DPB M5: NXP NX7002AK 22nF CIN2: NIPPON CHEMI-CON EMZA630ADA101MJA0G COUT2: SUNCON 50HVT220M Output Voltage (V) + 1µF Topology 2.4A CHARGE 36V SLA BATTERY AGM TYPE 41V FLOAT 44V CHARGE AT 25°C 51 ISN FB C/10 100k Input Voltage (V) RBAT 0.025 SNSN PGND SGND Part # COUT2 220µF 50V M3 RSENSE 0.004 CLKOUT 0.1µF L1 10µH M2 + M4 0.1µF SNSP SHORT PWMOUT CHARGE CURRENT CONTROL M1 SWI EN/UVLO INTVCC 200k 0.1µF BST1 IVINP 57.6k 4.7µF D2 CIN2 100µF 63V BST2 470nF 499k + INTVCC LT3790: 2.4A Buck-Boost 36V SLA Battery Charger 1.00M INTVCC 20k 402k 30.1k M5 IOUT Accuracy VOUT Accuracy Charger Features Package (mm x mm) CC/CV Switching Regulators as Battery Chargers LT3741 6 to 36 Up to 34 Buck ±6% ±1.5% - 4x4 QFN-20, TSSOP-20 LT3763 6 to 60 Up to 55 Buck ±6% ±1.5% C/10 TSSOP-28 LT3761 4.5 to 60 Up to 80 Boost/SEPIC ±3% ±2% C/10 MSOP-16E LT3796 6 to 100 Up to 100 Boost/SEPIC ±3% ±2% C/10 TSSOP-28 LT3955 4.5V to 60 Up to 80 Boost/SEPIC ±3% ±2% C/10 5x6 QFN-36 LT3790 4.7 to 60 Up to 60 Buck-Boost ±6% ±2% C/10 TSSOP-38 LT8705 2.8 to 80 Up to 80 Buck-Boost ±9% ±1.8% - 5x7 QFN-38, TSSOP-38 Lithium-Ion/Polymer NiMH/NiCd LiFePO4 Multichemistry Lead-Acid B AT T E RY C H A R G I N G S O L U T I O N S Supercapacitor CC/CV Switching Regulators as Battery Chargers (continued) LT3796: 100V Constant-Current and Constant-Voltage Controller with Dual Current Sense LT3796: SEPIC Sealed Lead-Acid (SLA) Battery Charger R1 10k • Current Monitoring Up to 100V • High Side PMOS Disconnect and PWM Switch Driver • • C1 4.7µF 50V D2 15V R2 806k R6 2k R4 357k VIN R3 20k PWM VREF LT3796 ISP OUT ISN BAT M3 VMODE SS VMODE R8 49.9k INTVCC VC M1: VISHAY SILICONIX Si7456DP M2: VISHAY SUD19P06-60-E3 M3: ZETEX ZXM61N03F L1: COILCRAFT MSD1260-333 D1: ON SEMI MBRS260T3G D2: CENTRAL SEMI CMDZ15L R11: MURATA NCP18XH103F03RB RT FAULT C5 4.7µF RT 19.6k 400kHz RC 499 INTVCC R14 49.9k FAULT CC 10nF LT3955: Battery Charger Waveforms Features • Wide V Range: 4.5V to 60V IN VBAT 10V/DIV THE PART IS TURNED ON I • Internal 80V/3.5A Switch • Programmable PWM Dimming Signal Generator • Constant Current (±3%) and Constant-Voltage (±2%) Regulation • Accurate Analog Dimming R10 10.2k R9 113k ISMON C7 0.1µF TG Rail-to-Rail Current Sense Range: 0V to 80V BAT RSNS 15m SYNC • + FB1 R7 40.2k C4 0.1µF LT3955: 60VIN LED Converter with Internal PWM Generator R11 10k NTC GND CSOUT 28-Lead TSSOP Package R12 30.1k R13 93.1k M1 GATE FB2 CSOUT C3 10nF C2 250m 10µF SENSE CTRL Constant-Current and Constant-Voltage Regulation VCHARGE = 14.6V VFLOAT = 13.5V AT 25°C BAT RSNS2 CSN VS CSP VREF OPTIONAL INPUT CURRENT REPORTING OUT D1 L1B EN/UVLO R5 100k OUTPUT CURRENT REPORTING • C6 2.2µF 100V L1A 33µH RSNS1 50m IIN • Features • Wide Input Voltage Range: 6V to 100V M2 • VIN 8V TO 40V 100V (TRANSIENT) CURRENT HITS C/10 BATTERY IS HELD AT FLOAT VOLTAGE BAT 0.33A/DIV VMODE 10V/DIV 10ms/DIV NOTE: WAVEFORMS SHOWN AS TESTED WITH 5Ω IN SERIES WITH 2mF CAPACITIVE LOAD. 5mm x 6mm QFN-36 Package LT3955: Solar Panel SEPIC Battery Charger WÜRTH SOLAR PANEL VOC = 37.5V VMPP = 28V 23W VIN 300k 475k VIN EN/UVLO 1.2 CHARGING CURRENT (A) INTVCC 158k 0 0.1µF 499k 10nF 20 24 28 32 VIN (V) 36 250m + 10µF 25V 30.1k 93.1k 40 M1: ZETEX ZXM61N03F L1: COILTRONICS DRQ127-330-R D1: ON SEMI MBRS260T3G Q1: ZETEX FMMT593 VC OUT BAT 113k M1 VMODE DIM/SS 100k 0.2 VCHARGE = 14.3V VFLOAT = 13.3V AT 25°C BAT FB VREF 0.4 OUT PGND ISP ISN CTRL 0.8 0.6 L1B PWMOUT SYNC LT3955 Q1 • SW 24.9k 1.0 D1 • 4.7µF 50V IBAT vs VIN 2.2µF 50V L1A, 33µH 1:1 PWM INTVCC GND GNDK RT 28.7k 350kHz 49.9k INTVCC 1µF 10.5k 10k NTC BAT 13 14 B AT T E RY C H A R G I N G S O L U T I O N S Tutorial: PowerPath Control Battery-Fed (Charger-Fed) Systems First generation USB system applications incorporated a currentlimited battery charger directly between the USB port and the battery AC ADAPTER (see Figure 1). In this battery-fed topology, the battery directly powers the system and the power available to the system from the USB can VIN USB be expressed as: PSYS = IUSB • VBAT LINEAR CC/CV CHARGER because VBAT is the only voltage available to the system load. For BAT linear chargers, input current approximately equals charge current, so a simple current limit is sufficient. Connecting the system load directly to the battery eliminates the need for a load sharing diode. Disadvantages + of this topology include low efficiency, 500mA maximum charge BAT SYSTEM LOAD current from the USB, no system power when the battery voltage is low (i.e., a dead or missing battery), and loss of nearly half of the available Figure 1: Simplified Battery-Fed Control Circuit power within the linear battery charger element as heat. Furthermore, an additional resistor and signal transistor are required to increase charge current when a wall adapter is present. Linear PowerPath Power Managers Second generation USB charging systems, commonly referred to as PowerPath system, nearly all of the 2.5W available from the USB port PowerPath systems, develop an intermediate voltage between the USB is accessible to the system load provided the system load does not port and the battery (see Figure 2). In PowerPath systems, the USB port exceed the input current limit. Furthermore, if the system requires more supplies current to an intermediate voltage, VOUT, via a current-limited power than is available from the input, an ideal diode also supplies switch. VOUT powers both the linear battery charger and the system load current to the load from the battery. Thus, a linear PowerPath system with priority going to the system load. By decoupling the battery from the offers significant advantages over a battery-fed system. But significant system load, charging can be carried out opportunistically. PowerPath power may still be lost, especially if the system load exceeds the input systems also offer instant-on operation because the intermediate current limit and the battery voltage is low, resulting in a large differential voltage is available for system loads as soon as power is applied to between the input voltage and both the system voltage and the battery the circuit—this allows the end product to operate immediately when voltage. An optional external PFET can reduce the ideal diode voltage plugged in, regardless of the battery’s state of charge. In a linear drop during heavy load conditions. AC ADAPTER USB VBUS LINEAR USB CURRENT LIMIT OUT LINEAR CC/CV CHARGER IDEAL DIODE OPTIONAL: AUGMENTS INTERNAL IDEAL DIODE GATE BAT + Figure 2: Simplified Linear Power Manager Circuit BAT SYSTEM LOAD B AT T E RY C H A R G I N G S O L U T I O N S Switch Mode PowerPath Power Managers Third generation USB charging systems feature a switch mode-based current limit allows the use of nearly all of the 2.5W available from the topology (see Figure 3). This type of PowerPath device produces an USB port, independent of operating conditions. By ensuring that the intermediate bus voltage from a USB-compliant step-down switching Bat-Track regulation loop does not allow the output voltage to drop regulator that regulates a small differential voltage above the battery below 3.5V (even with severely discharged batteries) this topology voltage. Linear Technology refers to this as Bat-Track™ adaptive output also provides instant-on functionality. As in linear PowerPath systems, control because the output voltage tracks the battery voltage. The an ideal diode allows the battery to supplement input power during differential voltage between the battery and the system is large enough heavy load transients. An optional external PFET can reduce the ideal to allow full charging through the linear charger, but small enough to diode voltage drop. This architecture is suitable for systems with large minimize power lost in the charger, thereby increasing system efficiency (>1.5AHr) batteries and high (>2W) system power. and maximizing power available to the load. The switching average input AC ADAPTER USB VBUS SW OUT SWITCHING USB CURRENT LIMIT LINEAR CC/CV CHARGER IDEAL DIODE OPTIONAL: AUGMENTS INTERNAL IDEAL DIODE GATE BAT + Figure 3: Simplified Switch Mode Power Manager Circuit BAT SYSTEM LOAD 15 16 B AT T E RY C H A R G I N G S O L U T I O N S External High Voltage Switching Regulator Control Several Linear Technology power manager ICs (both linear and switching) provide the ability to adaptively control the output of an external high voltage switching regulator (see Figure 4). The WALL pin detects the presence of a high voltage supply (e.g., car battery, 12V wall adapter, FireWire input) and enables Bat-Track adaptive output control via the buck regulator’s VC pin. Similar to a switching PowerPath system, the output of the high voltage buck is regulated to a small differential voltage above the battery voltage with a minimum output voltage of approximately 3.5V. This functionality maximizes charger efficiency while still allowing instant-on operation even when the battery is deeply discharged. Compared to the traditional approach of converting a high voltage input to 5V to power the system,this technique can reduce system power dissipation by over 50%. By choosing an LT3653 as the high voltage regulator, further system improvements can be made (see Figure 5). The LT3653 accurately controls its maximum output current, which eliminates the potential for localized heating, reduces the required current rating of the power components and provides a robust solution to withstand harsh overload and short-circuit conditions. In addition, the unique LT3653 architecture eliminates a power PFET and output capacitor from the application schematic. SW HV INPUT VIN LT3653 SW HIGH VOLTAGE HIGH VOLTAGE BUCK REGULATOR REGULATOR BUCK USB VBUS HV INPUT FB VC VC BUCK REGULATOR WALL CHARGER/POWER MANAGER VIN ISENSE VOUT VC HVOK VC WALL ACPR OUT OPTIONAL: AUGMENTS INTERNAL IDEAL DIODE GATE SYSTEM LOAD USB BAT + VBUS ACPR OUT OPTIONAL: AUGMENTS INTERNAL IDEAL DIODE CHARGER/POWER MANAGER GATE BAT BAT + Figure 4: Simplified HV Switching Regulator Control Circuit Attribute Battery-Fed BAT Figure 5: Simplified LT3653 Control Circuit Linear PowerPath Switch Mode PowerPath Table 1: Comparison of USB-Compliant Battery Charging System Topologies Size Small Moderate Larger Complexity Simple Moderate More Complex Solution Cost Low Moderate Higher USB Charge Current Limited to 500mA Limited to 500mA 500mA and Higher (~2.3W) Autonomous Control of Input Power Sources No Yes Yes Instant-On Operation No Yes Yes System Load Efficiency (IBUS<USB Limit) Good (VBAT/VBUS) Exceptional (>90%) Excellent (~90%) System Load Efficiency (ISYS>USB Limit) Good (VBAT/VBUS) Good (VBAT/VBUS) Excellent (~90%) Battery Charger Efficiency Good (VBAT/VBUS) Good (VBAT/VBUS) Excellent (~90%) Power Dissipation High Moderate Low Bat-Track Adaptive Output Control/ Interface to HV Buck No Yes Yes SYSTEM LOAD Lithium-Ion/Polymer B AT T E RY C H A R G I N G S O L U T I O N S LiFePO4 USB Power Managers: Battery Chargers with PowerPath Control PowerPath products and architectures permit the load to be powered LTC4098: LTC4090: from both VIN and the battery, enabling shorter charge time, instant-on Actual Size Demo Circuit Actual Size Demo Circuit operation (even with a dead or missing battery) and more flexibility for the portable device designer. Other key features include standalone operation and thermal regulation. LTC4098/-1: USB Power Manager with Overvoltage Protection HV INPUT AUTOMOTIVE, FIREWIRE, ETC. LTC4090: USB Power Manager with 2A High Voltage Bat-Track Buck Regulator HIGH (6V-36V) VOLTAGE INPUT LT3480 3.3µH VBUS USB 10µF 6.04k TO µC 3 WALL VC ACPR SYSTEM LOAD VOUT BAT D0-D2 CLPROG 3.01k PROG GND HVPR LTC4090 IDGATE OVSENS 0.1µF IN USB LTC4098/LTC4098-1 BATSENS 1k 10µF Li-Ion OUT TIMER BAT CLPROG 40.2k 270pF 1k VC RT 59k + SW BOOST HVOUT 5V WALL ADAPTER SW LTC4098/LTC4098-1 OVGATE HVIN GND 2k SYSTEM LOAD PROG 100k + Li-Ion High Efficiency USB/Automotive Power Manager with Overvoltage Protection High Voltage USB Power Manager with Bat-Track Adaptive Output Control Number of Battery Cells (Series) Part Number Max Charge Current from Wall (A) Max Charge Current from USB (mA) Input Voltage (V) Power Manager Topology Charge Termination (Plus Indication) Ideal Diode RDS(ON) Package (mm x mm) USB Power Managers and Li-Ion/Polymer Linear Battery Chargers with PowerPath Control LTC4055/-1* 1 1 500 4.35 to 5.5 Linear Timer 200mΩ 4x4 QFN-16 LTC4089* 1 1.2 500 4.35 to 5.5 USB, 6-36, 40 Max Wall Linear Timer + C/10 215mΩ, (<50mΩ Opt.) 3x6 DFN-22 LTC4089-5 1 1.2 500 4.35 to 5.5 USB, 6-36, 40 Max Wall Linear Timer + C/10 215mΩ, (<50mΩ Opt.) 3x6 DFN-22 LTC4089-1*† /-3*^ 1 1.2 500 4.35 to 5.5 USB, 6-36, 40 Max Wall Linear Timer + C/10 215mΩ, (<50mΩ Opt.) 3x6 DFN-22 LTC4090* 1 1.2 500 4.35 to 5.5 USB, 6-38, 60 Max Wall Linear Timer + C/10 215mΩ, (<50mΩ Opt.) 3x6 DFN-22 LTC4090-5 1 1.2 500 4.35 to 5.5 USB, 6-36, 60 Max Wall Linear Timer + C/10 215mΩ, (50mΩ Opt.) 3x6 DFN-22 LTC4067 1 1.25 500 4.35 to 5.5, 13 OVP Linear Timer + C/10 200mΩ, (<50mΩ Opt.) 3x4 DFN-12 LTC4066/-1† 1 1.5 500 4.35 to 5.5, USB + Wall Inputs Linear Timer + C/x 50mΩ 4x4 QFN-24 LTC4085 /-1†/-3^/-4^ 1 1.5 500 4.35 to 5.5, USB + Wall Inputs Linear Timer + C/10 215mΩ, (<50mΩ Opt.) 3x4 DFN-14 LTC4088/-1/-2* 1 1.5 700 4.35 to 5.5 Switch Mode Timer + C/x 180mΩ, (<50mΩ Opt.) 3x4 DFN-14 LTC4098/-1*† 1 1.5 700 4.35 to 5.5 USB, 66 OVP, Switch Mode Wall = 5V Adapter or Buck High-V Timer + C/x 180mΩ, (<50mΩ Opt.) 3x4 QFN-20 LTC4098-3.6*# 1 1.5 700 4.35 to 5.5 USB, 66 OVP, Switch Mode Wall = 5V Adapter or Buck High-V Timer + C/x 180mΩ, (<50mΩ Opt.) 3x4 QFN-20 LTC4160/-1*†§ 1 1.5 700 4.35 to 5.5 USB, 66 OVP Switch Mode Timer + C/x 180mΩ, (<50mΩ Opt.) 3x4 QFN-20 LTC4099 1 1.5 700 4.35 to 5.5 USB, 66 OVP Switch Mode Timer + C/x 180mΩ, (<50mΩ Opt.) 3x4 QFN-20 LTC4155*§** 1 3.5 700 4.35 to 5.5 USB, 77 OVP Switch Mode Timer + C/x 180mΩ 4x5 QFN-28 LTC4156*§**# 1 3.5 700 4.35 to 5.5 USB, 77 OVP Switch Mode Timer + C/x 180mΩ 4x5 QFN-28 *‡ * Bat-Track Adaptive Output Control, ^ 3.95V Cell Voltage, † 4.1V Cell Voltage, ‡ I2C Controlled, Selectable 4.1V/4.2V Float Voltage, § USB On-The-Go, # For 1-cell Lithium Iron Phosphate (LiFePO4) Batteries 17 18 B AT T E RY C H A R G I N G S O L U T I O N S Supercapacitor Supercapacitor/Capacitor Chargers and Backup Power ICs Supercapacitors, capacitors with up to 100s of farads in value, are emerging as an alternative to batteries in applications where the importance of power delivery trumps that of total energy storage. Supercapacitors have a number of advantages over batteries that make them a superior solution when short-term high power is needed, such as in power ride-through applications. These advantages include lower effective series resistance (ESR) and enhanced durability in the face of repeated charging. Linear Technology offers a portfolio of linear, switching and switched-capacitor ICs designed to charge supercapacitors (also known as ultracapacitors) and capacitors. These devices offer input or output current limiting, automatic cell balancing and a range of protection features that make them uniquely suited to supercap charging. LTC3350: High Current Supercapacitor Backup Controller and System Monitor High Current Supercapacitor Charger and Backup Supply ICHG (STEP-DOWN) Features • High Efficiency Synchronous Step-Down CC/CV Charging of One to Four Series Supercapacitors • Step-Up Mode in Backup Provides Greater Utilization of Stored Energy in Supercapacitors • 14-Bit ADC for Monitoring System Voltages/ Currents, Capacitance and ESR VOUT VIN INFET VOUTSP VOUTSN PFI OUTFB OUTFET Active Overvoltage Protection Shunts • Internal Active Balancers—No Balance Resistors • VIN: 4.5V to 35V, VCAP(n): Up to 5V per Capacitor, Charge/Backup Current: 10+A • Programmable Input Current Limit Prioritizes System Load Over Capacitor Charge Current • Dual Ideal Diode PowerPath Controller • All NFET Charger Controller and PowerPath Controller VOUT 2V/DIV Compact 38-Lead 5mm × 7mm QFN Package VCAP 2V/DIV VOUT VIN 2V/DIV VCAP Topology ICAP VCAP CAP4 I2C 10F CAP3 VCAP 10F CAP2 10F CAP1 10F CAPRTN CAPFB VIN 0V Servers/Mass Storage/High Availability Systems Part Number SW BGATE PBACKUP = 25W Applications • High Current 12V Ride-Through UPS • LTC3350 VCAP > VOUT (DIRECT CONNECT) VCAP < VOUT (STEP-UP) TGATE • • IBACKUP 400ms/DIV BACK PAGE APPLICATION CIRCUIT Backup Application Input Voltage (V) VOUT VCAP (max) (V) Storage Element Quiescent Current (µA) Charge Current PowerPath Control Automatic Balancing Supercap Overvoltage Protection Package Supercapacitor Chargers LTC3225/-1 Charge Pump - Boost 2.8-5.5 5.5 2 SCap 20 150mA – ~*** ~ 2x3 DFN-10 LTC3226 Charge Pump - Boost + 2 LDOs 2.5-5.5 5.5 2 SCap 20 360mA ~ ~*** ~ 3x3 QFN-16 LTC3625/-1 Switching Buck & Boost 2.7-5.5 5.5 2 SCap 23 1A* – ~*** ~ 3x4 DFN-12 LTC4225 Linear 2.7-5.5 5.5 2 SCap 20 1A – ~ ~ 3x3 DFN-12 MSOP-12 LTC3355 Buck + LDO + Charger + Boost Backup 3-20 5 1 SCap 120 1A ~ ~ ~ 4x4 QFN-29 LTC3110 Bi-Dir Buck-Boost 1.71-5.25 5.5 1-2 SCap 48 2A – ~ ~ 4x4 QFN-20, TSSOP-24 LTC3128 Buck-Boost 1.73-5.5 5.5 1-2 SCap 600 3A – ~ ~ 4x5 QFN-20, TSSOP-24 LTC3350 Buck Charger, Boost Backup, Balancer + OVP, Health Monitor 4.5-35 VIN 1-4 SCap 4mA 10A+ ~ ~ ~ 5x7 QFN-38 LTC3643 Bi-Dir Boost Charger/ Buck Backup 3-17 up to 40V Electrical Cap 400 2A ~ n/a – 3x5 QFN-24 LTC4040 Buck Charger + Boost Backup 3.5-5.5 5 Li-Ion LifePO4 40 2.5A ~ n/a ~ 4x5 QFN-24 * in 2-inductor circuit; 500mA in 1-inductor configuration ** ideal diode VIN to VOUT *** while charging B AT T E RY C H A R G I N G S O L U T I O N S Supercapacitor LTC3128: 3A Monolithic Buck-Boost Supercapacitor Charger and Balancer with Accurate Input Current Limit Features • ±2% Accurate Average Input Current Limit Programmable Up to 3A • Programmable Maximum Capacitor Voltage Limit • Active Charge Balancing for Fast Charging of Unmatched Capacitors • Charges Single or Stacked Capacitors • VIN Range: 1.73V to 5.5V • VOUT Range: 1.8V to 5.5V • <2μA Quiescent Current from VOUT When Charged • Output Disconnect in Shutdown: <1μA IQ Shutdown • Power Good Comparator • Power Failure Indicator • Thermally Enhanced 20-Lead (4mm × 5mm × 0.75mm) QFN and 24-Lead TSSOP Package Applications • Supercapacitor Based Backup Power • Memory Backup • Servers, RAID, RF Systems • Industrial, Communications, Computing Wide VIN (3A Programmed Input Current) to 4.2V 3.3µH SW1 1.7V TO 5.5V UP TO 3.0A 10µF 10µF SW2 VOUT = 4.2V VOUTP RSENP VOUTS RSENS LTC3128 VIN MID RUN PFI FB PFO PGOOD MAXV PROG GND 127k 1.87M C1b 940mF 470pF 3.57k 301k C1: Murata DMF3Z5R5H474M3DTA0 Stacked Output Capacitors Charging Waveform VOUT 2.0V/DIV MID 2.0V/DIV IIN 2.0A/DIV ILOAD 2.0A/DIV 2 SECONDS/DIV LTC3643: Bi-Directional Boost Charger/Buck Backup LTC4040: Buck Charger and Boost Backup C1a 940mF C1 19 20 B AT T E RY C H A R G I N G S O L U T I O N S Lithium-Ion/Polymer NiMH/NiCd LiFePO4 Multichemistry Lead-Acid Smart Battery Chargers Our smart battery chargers offer true plug-and-play operation, LTC1760: Dual Smart Battery System Manager independent of chemistry and cell configuration, built-in safety features, DC IN reliable battery detection and automatic charge management. SYSTEM LOAD LTC1760 SMBus (HOST) SafetySignal 1 SMBus 1 LTC1760: SafetySignal 2 Actual Size Demo Circuit SMART BATTERY SMBus 2 Dual Battery Charger/Selector System Architecture LTC4100: Smart Battery Charger Controller DCIN 3V TO 5.5V 1.21k 13.7k 17 11 6 CHGEN 10 ACP 7 9 8 15 16 13 1.13k 14 10k 20 LTC4100 VDD DCIN DCDIV INFET CHGEN CLP ACP CLN SMBALERT TGATE SCL BGATE SDA PGND THB CSP THA BAT ILIM VSET VLIM ITH IDC GND 5 4 5k 24 SYSTEM LOAD 23 SMART BATTERY 1 3 2 21 22 18 19 12 6.04k 54.9k SafetySignal SMBALERT# SMBCLK SMBCLK SMBDAT SMBDAT SMBus Smart Battery Charger Controller Part Number Maximum Charge Current (A) VBAT Range (V) Standalone Serial Bus Type Single or Dual Battery Pack Float Voltage Accuracy Safety Limits AC Present Output Charger On Status Thermistor Interface Package SMBus/SPI Battery Chargers (Controllers) LTC4110 3 3.5 to 18 ~ SMBus 1.1 Single * 0.5% – ~ ~ ~ 5x7 QFN-38 LTC4100 4 3.5 to 26 ~ SMBus 1.1 Single 0.8% ~ ~ ~ ~ SSOP-24 LTC4101 4 2.7 to 4.2 ~ SMBus 1.1 Single 0.8% ~ ~ ~ ~ SSOP-24 LTC1760 4 3.5 to 28 ~ SMBus 1.1 Dual 0.2% ~ ~ ~ ~ TSSOP-48 LTC1759 8 3 to 23 ~ SMBus 1.0 Single 1% ~ – ~ ~ SSOP-36 LTC1960 8 6 to 28 – SPI Dual 0.8% – – – – 5x7 QFN-38, SSOP-36 * Scalable B AT T E RY C H A R G I N G S O L U T I O N S NiMH/NiCd NiMH and NiCd Battery Chargers Our nickel battery chargers reduce component count, speed design LTC4060: LTC4011: and allow fast, accurate and reliable charging of both NiMH and Actual Size Demo Circuit Actual Size Demo Circuit NiCd cells. LTC4011: High Efficiency 4A Standalone Switch Mode Battery Charger with Analog INFET Control LTC4060: Standalone 2A Linear NiMH/NiCd Fast Battery Charger VIN = 5V 330Ω “CHARGE” VCC SHDN ACP CHRG SENSE NTC DRIVE LTC4011 LTC4060 NTC 698Ω PROG BAT ARCT TIMER SEL0 CHEM SEL1 PAUSE GND + NiMH BATTERY 1.5nF 2-Cell, 2A Standalone NiMH Fast Charger with Optional Thermistor and Charge Indicator Part Number Topology Number of Battery Cells* (Series) Maximum Charge Current (A) 2A NiMH Battery Charger Input Voltage (V) Charge Termination Integrated Power Transistor Endof-Charge Signal AC Present Signal Thermistor Interface Package (mm x mm) NiMH/NiCd Battery Chargers – Standalone LTC4060 Linear 1–4 2 4.5 to 10 -dV, t, V, T – ~ ~ ~ 3x5 DFN-16, TSSOP-16 LTC4010 Synchronous Step-Down 1 – 16 4 4.5 to 34 -dV, dT/dt, T, t – ~ ~ ~ TSSOP-16E Synchronous Step-Down 1 – 16 4 4.5 to 34 -dV, dT/dt, T, t – ~ ~ ~ TSSOP-20E 2.4 to 29 External µC ~ – – – SO-8 External µC ~ – – – SO-8, SSOP-16, SO-16 External µC ~ – – – DD Pak, TO-220 – – – TSSOP-20, SSOP-28 † LTC4011 NiMH/NiCd Battery Chargers – Non-Standalone LT1512 LT1510 LT1513 SEPIC Step-Down SEPIC 1 – 12 1 – 12 1 – 12 0.8 1 1.6 7 to 29 2.4 to 29 LT1769 Step-Down 1 – 12 2 7 to 29 External µC ~ LT1511 Step-Down 1 – 12 3 7 to 29 External µC ~ – – – SO-24 LTC4008 Synchronous Step-Down 4 – 14 4 6 to 28 External µC – ~ ~ ~ SSOP-28 LTC4009/ -1/-2 Synchronous Step-Down 2 – 14 4 6 to 28 External µC – ~ ~ – 4x4 QFN-20 LTC4012/ -1/-2/-3† Synchronous Step-Down 2 – 14 4 6 to 28 External µC – ~ ~ – 4x4 QFN-20 LT1505 Synchronous Step-Down 1–12 8 6.7 to 26 External µC – ~ – – SSOP-28 LTC1960 Step-Down 4–16 8 6 to 28 External µC, SPI – – – – 5x7 QFN-38, SSOP-36 NiMH/NiCd Battery Chargers – Smart Chargers (SMBus) LTC4110 Synchronous Flyback up to 10 3 6 to 20 Smart Battery, External µC – – ~ ~ 5x7 QFN-38 LTC4100 Step-Down 1–13 4 6 to 28 Smart Battery, External µC – – ~ ~ SSOP-24 LTC4101 Step-Down 2–3 4 6 to 28 Smart Battery, External µC – – ~ ~ SSOP-24 LTC1759 Step-Down 1–13 8 11 to 24 Smart Battery, External µC – – ~ ~ SSOP-36 LTC4079 Linear up to 60V .25 2.7 to 60V Adj. Timer or C/10 ~ ~ – ~ 3x3 DFN-10 *Based on Maximum Cell Voltage of 1.8V, † Includes PowerPath Control 21 22 B AT T E RY C H A R G I N G S O L U T I O N S Lithium-Ion/Polymer Linear Li-Ion/Polymer Battery Chargers We produce a comprehensive line of high performance battery chargers for any rechargeable battery chemistry, including lithium-ion, lithium-polymer, lead-acid and nickel-based. Our linear battery charger ICs are completely autonomous in operation and offer many standard features for battery safety and management, including on-chip battery preconditioning, status signaling, thermal regulation and NTC thermistor interface. LTC4079: 60V, 250mA Linear Charger with Low Quiescent Current 9V TO 60V IN 1µF BAT 8.4V 1.54M LTC4079 EN FB CHRGF BG 249k PROG NTCBIAS TIMER NTC 3.01k 10k + GND T 10k Li-Ion Charging a Backup Battery LTC4079: Actual Size Demo Circuit LTC4065/A: Standalone 750mA Li-Ion Battery Charger in 2x2 DFN VIN 4.3V TO 5.5V C1 1µF R2* 1Ω Standalone Li-Ion Charger 500mA R1 510Ω VCC BAT LTC4065 CHRG PROG EN GND + R3 2k 4.2V Li-Ion BATTERY LTC4065: Actual Size Demo Circuit B AT T E RY C H A R G I N G S O L U T I O N S Lithium-Ion/Polymer Linear Li-Ion/Polymer Battery Chargers (continued) Number of Battery Cells (Series) Part Number Maximum Charge Current (A) Input Voltage (V) Cell Type Integrated Power Transistor Charge Termination (Plus Indication) Package (mm x mm) 0.15 4.25 to 6.5 Li-Ion/Poly ~ C/10 ThinSOT™ Linear Li-Ion/Polymer Battery Chargers LTC4054L 1 LTC1734L 1 0.18 4.55 to 8 Li-Ion/Poly External External μC ThinSOT LTC4065L/X 1 0.25 3.75 to 5.5 Li-Ion/Poly ~ Timer + C/10 2x2 DFN-6 LTC4079 14 0.25 2.7 to 60 Li-Ion/Poly, Ni, SLA ~ Timer 3x3 DFN-10 LTC4080*/X* ¶ 1 0.5 3.75 to 5.5 Li-Ion/Poly ~ Timer + C/10 3x3 DFN-10, MSOP-10E LTC4081* 1 0.5 3.75 to 5.5 Li-Ion/Poly ~ Timer + C/10 3x3 DFN-10 LTC4056* 1 0.7 4.5 to 6.5 Li-Ion/Poly External Timer ThinSOT LTC1734 1 0.7 4.55 to 8 Li-Ion/Poly External External μC ThinSOT LTC4065* 1 0.75 3.75 to 5.5 Li-Ion/Poly ~ Timer + C/10 2x2 DFN-6 LTC4065-4.4* 1 0.75 3.75 to 5.5 Li-Ion/Poly ~ Timer + C/10 2x2 DFN-6 LTC4065A* 1 0.75 3.75 to 5.5 Li-Ion/Poly ~ Timer + C/10 2x2 DFN-6 LTC4069* 1 0.75 3.75 to 5.5 Li-Ion/Poly ~ Timer + C/10 2x2 DFN-6 ~ Timer + C/10 2x2 DFN-6 ~ C/10 ThinSOT LTC4069-4.4* 1 0.75 3.75 to 5.5 Li-Ion/Poly LTC4054*/X* ¶ 1 0.8 4.25 to 6.5 Li-Ion/Poly LTC4057* 1 0.8 4.25 to 6.5 Li-Ion/Poly LTC4059* 1 0.9 LTC4059A* 1 0.9 ¶ 1 LTC4068*/X* ¶ 1 LTC4058*/X* LTC4075*/X* ¶ LTC4075HVX* ¶ ~ External μC ThinSOT 3.75 to 8 Li-Ion/Poly, Ni ‡ ~ External μC 2x2 DFN-6 3.75 to 8 Li-Ion/Poly, Ni ‡ ~ External μC 2x2 DFN-6 0.95 4.25 to 6.5 Li-Ion/Poly ~ C/10 3x3 DFN-8 0.95 4.25 to 6.5 Li-Ion/Poly ~ C/x 3x3 DFN-8 1 0.95 4.3 to 8 Li-Ion/Poly ~ C/x 3x3 DFN-10 1 0.95 4.3 to 6, 22 max Li-Ion/Poly ~ C/x 3x3 DFN-10 LTC4078*/X* ¶ 1 0.95 4.3 to 6, 22 max Li-Ion/Poly ~ C/x 3x3 DFN-10 LTC4076* 1 0.95 4.3 to 8 Li-Ion/Poly ~ C/x 3x3 DFN-10 LTC4077* 1 0.95 4.3 to 8 Li-Ion/Poly ~ C/10 3x3 DFN-10 LTC3550-1* 1 0.95 4.3 to 8 Li-Ion/Poly ~ C/x 3x5 DFN-16 LTC3550* 1 0.95 4.3 to 8 Li-Ion/Poly ~ C/x 3x5 DFN-16 LTC3552-1* 1 0.95 4.25 to 8 Li-Ion/Poly ~ C/x 3x5 DFN-16 LTC3552* 1 0.95 4.25 to 8 Li-Ion/Poly ~ C/x 3x5 DFN-16 LTC4095* 1 0.95 4.3 to 5.5 Li-Ion/Poly ~ Timer + C/10 2x2 DFN-8 LTC4064* 1 1.0 4.25 to 6.5 Li-Ion/Poly ~ Timer + C/10 MSOP-10E LTC4061* 1 1.0 4.5 to 8 Li-Ion/Poly ~ Timer + C/x 3x3 DFN-10 LTC4061-4.4* 1 1.0 4.5 to 8 Li-Ion/Poly ~ Timer + C/x 3x3 DFN-10 LTC4062* † 1 1.0 4.3 to 8 Li-Ion/Poly ~ Timer + C/x 3x3 DFN-10 LTC4063* § 1 1.0 4.3 to 8 Li-Ion/Poly ~ Timer + C/x 3x3 DFN-10 1 1.2 4.25 to 5.5 Li-Ion/Poly ~ C/x 3x3 DFN-10 LTC4097* 1 1.2 4.25 to 5.5 Li-Ion/Poly ~ C/x 2x3 DFN-12 LTC4053* 1 1.25 4.25 to 6.5 Li-Ion/Poly ~ Timer + C/10 3x3 DFN-10, MSOP-10E LTC4052 ~ Timer + C/10 MSOP-8E ~ Timer + C/10 MSOP-10E LTC4096*/X* ¶ # 1 1.3 4.5 to 10 Li-Ion/Poly LTC1733 1 1.5 4.5 to 6.5 Li-Ion/Poly LTC1731 1, 2 1.5 4.5 to 12 Li-Ion/Poly External Timer + C/10 MSOP-8, S0-8 LTC1732 1, 2 1.5 4.5 to 12 Li-Ion/Poly, Ni ‡ External Timer + C/10 MSOP-10 * USB 2.0 # Compatible, † Pulse Charger Onboard Comparator, ‡ Constant-Current Mode (Voltage Mode Disabled), § Onboard LDO, ¶ “X” (No Trickle Charge) Versions Useful when the System Load Exceeds the Trickle Charge Current at Very Low Battery Voltages 23 24 B AT T E RY C H A R G I N G S O L U T I O N S Lithium-Ion/Polymer 4.1V/Cell Battery Float Voltage Our 4.1V per cell float voltage chargers improve battery life and high temperature safety margin by accurately charging the battery to a level slightly below full charge. Part Number Number of Battery Cells (Series) Maximum Charge Current (A) Input Voltage (V) Battery Charger Type USB 2.0 Compatible Interface to High Voltage Buck PowerPath Control Integrated DC/DC Converters Package (mm x mm) Linear and Switch Mode Battery Chargers, Power Managers, Smart Battery Chargers and PMICs—4.1V/Cell Float Voltage LTC4070/71 1 0.05¶ Unlimited Shunt – – – – 2x3 DFN-8, MSOP-8E LTC4079 SLA, 1-14 Li-Ion, 1-50 Ni 0.25 2.7 to 60 Linear – – – – 3x3 DFN-10 LTC4065L-4.1 1 0.25 3.7 to 5.5 Linear – – – – 2x2 DFN-6 LTC4121 SLA, 1-5 LiFePO4 1-4 Li-Ion 0.4 4.3 to 40 Switch Mode – – – – 3x3 QFN-16 LTC3455-1 1 0.5 2.7 to 5.5 Linear ~ – ~ 2 Bucks 4x4 QFN-24 LTC1734-4.1 1 0.7 4.55 to 8 Linear ~ – – – ThinSOT LTC3559-1 1 0.95 4.3 to 5.5 Linear ~ – – 2 Bucks 3x3 QFN-16 LTC4055-1 1 1 4.3 to 5.5 Linear ~ – ~ – 4x4 QFN-16 LTC4064 (4.0V) 1 1 4.25 to 6.5 Linear ~ – – – MSOP-10E LTC4089-1 1 1.2 6 to 36 Linear ~ – ~ – 3x6 DFN-22 LTC1733 ‡ 1 1.5 4.5 to 6.5 Linear ~ – – – MSOP-10E LTC4066-1 1 1.5 4.3 to 5.5 Linear ~ – ~ – 4x4 QFN-24, 4x4 QFN-24 LTC4085-1 1 1.5 4.35 to 5.5 Linear ~ – ~ – 3x4 DFN-14 LTC3557-1 1 1.5 4.35 to 5.5 Linear ~ ~ ~ 3 Bucks, 1 LDO 4x4 QFN-28 4x7 QFN-44 LTC3577-1/-4 1 1.5 4.35 to 5.5 Linear ~ ~ ~ 3 Bucks, 2 LDOs, 10-LED Boost LTC3576-1 1 1.5 4.35 to 5.5 Bat-Track Linear ~ ~ ~ 3 Bucks, 1 LDO 4x6 QFN-38 LTC3555-3 1 1.5 4.35 to 5.5 Bat-Track Linear ~ – ~ 3 Bucks, 1 LDO 4x5 QFN-28 LTC3586-1 1 1.5 4.35 to 5.5 Bat-Track Linear ~ – ~ 1 Boost, 1 Buck-Boost, 4x6 QFN-38 2 Bucks, 1 LDO LTC4098-1 1 1.5 4.35 to 5.5 Bat-Track Linear ~ ~ ~ – 3x4 QFN-20 LTC4099+ 1 1.5 4.35 to 5.5 Bat-Track Linear ~ ~ ~ – 3x4 QFN-20 LTC4160-1 1 1.5 4.35 to 5.5 Bat-Track Linear ~ – ~ – 3x4 QFN-20 LTC1731-4.1/-8.2 1/2 2 4.5 to 12 Linear – – – – MSOP-8/SO-8 LTC1732-4 1, 2 2 4.5 to 12 Linear – – – – MSOP-10 LTC4050-4.1/8.2 1 2 4.5 to 12 Linear – – – – MSOP-10 LTC4001-1 1 2 4 to 5.5 Switch Mode – – – – 4x4 QFN-16 LT3650-4.1§/8.2# 1, 2 2 4.75 to 32 Switch Mode – – – – 3x3 DFN-12, MSOP-12E LTC1980† 1, 2 2 4.1 to 12 Switch Mode – – – – SSOP-24 LTC4110† * 1–4 3 6 to 20 Switch Mode/ Flyback – – ~ – 5x7 QFN-38 LT3651-4.1/8.2 1/2 4 – – – – 5x6 QFN-36 1–3/1–4 2 4.8/9 to 32 4.95 to 32§ Switch Mode LT3652/HV Switch Mode – – – – 3x4 DFN-12, MSOP-12E LTC4007/-1 3, 4 4 6 to 28 Switch Mode – – ~ – SSOP-24 LTC4100† * 2–6 4 6 to 28 Switch Mode – – ~ – SSOP-24 LTC4101† * 1 4 6 to 28 Switch Mode – – ~ – SSOP-24 LTC4008† 2–6 4 6 to 28 Switch Mode – – ~ – SSOP-20 LTC4009† /-1 1–4 4 6 to 28 Switch Mode – – – – 4x4 QFN-20 LTC4012† /-1/-3 1–4 4 6 to 28 Switch Mode – – ~ – 4x4 QFN-20 LTC1760† * 2–6 4 6 to 28 Switch Mode – – ~ – TSSOP-48 LTC1960† * 2–6 8 6 to 28 Switch Mode – – ~ – 5x7 QFN-38, SSOP-36 LTC4020 SLA, 1-15 LiFePO4, 1-13 Li-Ion 20+ 4.5 to 55 Switch Mode – – ~ – 5x7 QFN-38 * I2C Controlled, † Programmable, ‡ SEL Pin = OV Programs for 4.1V or 4.2V, § 7.5V Start-up Voltage for 1-Cell Operation, # 11.5V Start-up Voltage, ¶ 500mA with External PFET, Battery Pack Protection B AT T E RY C H A R G I N G S O L U T I O N S Lithium-Ion/Polymer Low Current/Coin Cell Battery Chargers Our coin cell battery chargers enable highly accurate charging of low LTC4054L: capacity, charge-sensitive coin cells used in thin, compact devices Actual Size Demo Circuit such as Bluetooth headsets and hearing aids. LTC4054L: 150mA Standalone Li-Ion Battery Charger for Coin Cells LTC4065L: 250mA Standalone Linear Li-Ion Battery Charger in 2mm x 2mm DFN VIN 4.5V TO 6.5V 100mA VIN 4.3V TO 5.5V 1µF VCC R1 510 VCC BAT LTC4054L-4.2 LT4351 PROG GND BAT LTC4065L + CHRG PROG 90mA EN GND R3 2k Li-Ion 1.69k COIN 4.2V Li-Ion BATTERY CELL Standalone Li-Ion Charger 90mA Li-Ion Coin Cell Charger 100 70 CONSTANT VOLTAGE 4.2 4.1 60 4.0 50 3.9 40 3.8 30 3.7 20 10 VCC = 5V O JA = 130°C/W RPROG = 1.69k TA = 25°C B ATTERY VO LTA G E ( V ) CHARGE CURRENT (mA) 80 100 4.3 Charge Current Range (mA) 60 4.1 3.9 CHRG TRANSITION 50 40 3.7 30 20 3.5 10 0 CHARGE TERMINATION 3.5 VCC = 5V RPROG = 2k 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 TIME (HOURS) 3.5 4 4.5 3.3 LTC4065L Complete Charge Cycle LTC4054L Complete Charge Cycle Part Number CONSTANT VOLTAGE 70 3.6 3.4 0 0.25 0.5 0.75 1.0 1.25 1.5 1.75 2.0 2.25 TIME (HOURS) 4.3 90 CONSTANT CURRENT 80 B ATTERY VO LTA G E ( V ) CONSTANT CURRENT CHARGE CURRENT (mA) 90 0 110 4.4 Input Voltage (V) Battery Charger Type Standalone Charge Termination (Plus Indication) Thermal Regulation Integrated Power Transistor Package (mmxmm) Coin Cell Li-Ion Battery Chargers LTC4070 0.001-50† Unlimited Shunt ~ ~ – ~ 2x3 DFN-8 MSOP-8E LTC4071 0.001-50 Unlimited Shunt ~ ~ – ~ 2x3 DFN-8 MSOP-8E LTC4054L 10-150 4.25 to 6.5 Linear ~ C/10 ~ ~ ThinSOT LTC1734L 10-180 4.55 to 8 Linear – – – External ThinSOT LTC4079 10-250 2.7 to 60 Linear – Timer – – 3x3 DFN-10 LTC4065L/LX* 15-250 3.75 to 5.5 Linear ~ Timer + C/10 ~ ~ 2x2 DFN-6 LTC4059/A 3.75 to 8 Linear – – ~ ~ 2x2 DFN-6 90-900 * “X” (No Trickle Charge) Versions Useful when the System Load Exceeds the Trickle Charge Current at Very Low Battery Voltages, † 500mA with ext PFET 25 B AT T E RY C H A R G I N G S O L U T I O N S Lithium-Ion/Polymer PMICs: Switch Mode Power Manager-Based Our power management integrated circuits (PMICs) address battery LTC3556: charging and multiple system power rail needs for single-cell lithium-ion/ Actual Size Demo Circuit polymer portable products. Switch mode power management enables higher efficiency charging, less heat dissipation and compatibility with wall adapter, USB and high voltage power sources. LTC3556: High Efficiency Switch Mode USB Power Manager + Battery Charger + Dual Step-Down DC/DC + Buck-Boost + LDO USB/WALL 4.5V TO 5.5V • Full Featured Li-Ion/Polymer Battery Charger • 1.2A Maximum Charge Current • Internal 180mΩ Ideal Diode + External Ideal Diode Controller Powers Load in Battery Mode • Low No-Load Quiescent Current when Powered from BAT (<30µA) OPTIONAL 0V LTC3556 + Li-Ion T CHARGE 3.3V/25mA ALWAYS ON LDO Programmable USB or Wall Current Limit (100mA/500mA/1A) • TO OTHER LOADS USB COMPLIANT STEP-DOWN REGULATOR CC/CV BATTERY CHARGER Features Power Manager • High Efficiency Switching PowerPath Controller with Bat-Track Adaptive Output Control DUAL HIGH EFFICIENCY BUCKS ENALL HIGH EFFICIENCY BUCK-BOOST SEQ I 2C 3 0.8V TO 3.6V/400mA 1 0.8V TO 3.6V/400mA 2 3 2.5V to 3.3V/1A I2C PORT RTC/LOW POWER LOGIC MEMORY CORE µP HDD I/O PGOODALL High Efficiency PowerPath Manager, Dual Buck, Buck-Boost and LDO DC/DCs • Dual High Efficiency Step-Down DC/DCs (400mA/400mA I OUT) • High Efficiency Buck-Boost DC/DC (1A IOUT) 700 • All Regulators Operate at 2.25MHz 600 • Dynamic Voltage Scaling on Two Buck Outputs • I C Control of Enables, MODE, Two VOUT Settings CHARGE CURRENT (mA) 26 2 • Low No-Load Quiescent Current: 20µA • Always-On, 3.3V/25mA LDO • Low Profile 4mm × 5mm 28-Pin QFN Package Applications • HDD-Based MP3 Players, PMPs PNDs, DMB/DVB-H; Digital/Satellite Radio • Portable Industrial/Medical Products • Universal Remotes, Photo Viewers • Other USB-Based Handheld Products Part Number Number of Regulators Input Voltage (V) EXTRA CURRENT FOR FASTER CHARGING 500 500mA USB CURRENT LIMIT 400 300 200 100 • BATTERY CHARGE CURRENT 0 VBUS = 5V 5X MODE BATTERY CHARGER PROGRAMMED FOR 1A 2.8 3.2 3.4 3.6 3.8 BATTERY VOLTAGE (V) 3 4 4.2 Battery Charge Current from USB Buck(s) (IOUT) Buck-Boost (IOUT) Boost (IOUT) LDO(s) (IOUT) Li-Ion/ Polymer Charger Max Charge Current (A) Ideal Diode Interface Package (mm x mm) 4x4 QFN-24 Switch Mode PowerPath Management Integrated Circuits (PMICs) LTC3566 2 4.35 to 5.5 – 1A – 3.3V/25mA ~ 1.5 Int + Ext (Opt.) Simple LTC3567 2 4.35 to 5.5 – 1A – 3.3V/25mA ~ 1.5 Int + Ext (Opt.) IC 2 2 LTC3555/-1/-3* 4 4.35 to 5.5 1A, 400mA x 2 – – 3.3V/25mA ~ 1.5 Int + Ext (Opt.) IC LTC3556 4 4.35 to 5.5 400mA x 2 1A – 3.3V/25mA ~ 1.5 Int + Ext (Opt.) IC 2 2 4x4 QFN-24 4x5 QFN-28 4x5 QFN-28 LTC3576/-1*† 4 4.35 to 5.5, 1A, 400mA x 2 High-V, OVP – – 3.3V/20mA ~ 1.5 Int + Ext (Opt.) IC 4x6 QFN-38 LTC3586/-1* 5 4.35 to 5.5 1A 0.8A 3.3V/20mA ~ 1.5 Int + Ext (Opt.) Simple 4x6 QFN-38 400mA x 2 * 4.1V Battery Float Voltage, † See Page 27 for Compatible High Voltage Buck Regulators B AT T E RY C H A R G I N G S O L U T I O N S Lithium-Ion/Polymer PMICs: Linear Power Manager-Based Our power management integrated circuits (PMICs) address battery LTC3577: Actual Size, charging and multiple system power rail needs in single-cell lithium-ion/ Complete Solution 90 85 polymer portable products. Linear power management allows seamless 80 EFFICIENCY (%) transition and manages power flow between input power sources such as a wall adapter, USB port, lithium battery and the system load. LTC3577/-1: Highly Integrated 6-Channel PMIC Features • Full Featured Li-Ion Charger/ PowerPath Controller with Instant-On Operation • High Temperature Battery Voltage Reduction Improves Safety and Reliability • 1.5A Maximum Charge Current with Thermal Limiting • Pushbutton On/Off Control with System Reset • Dual 150mA Current Limited LDOs • • Triple Adjustable High Efficiency Step-Down Switching Regulators (600mA, 400mA, 400mA IOUT) 200mΩ Internal Ideal Diode Plus External Ideal Diode Controller Provides Low Loss PowerPath from Battery Part Number Number of Regulators Bat-Track Control for External HV Buck DC/DCs • I2C Adjustable SW Slew Rates for EMI Reduction • Overvoltage Protection for USB (VBUS)/Wall Input • Integrated 40V Series LED Driver with 60dB Brightness and Gradation Control via I2C 65 Solution Size = 22mm x 15mm VOUT Portable Industrial/Medical Products • Universal Remotes, Photo Viewers • Other USB-Based Handheld Products 50 0 10 5 20 15 LED Driver Efficiency (10 LEDs) HIGH VOLTAGE BUCK DC/DC HV SUPPLY OPTIONAL 100mA/500mA 1000mA USB VOUT 0V OVERVOLTAGE PROTECTION Applications • PNDs, DMB/DVB-H; Digital/ Satellite Radio • 3.8V 3.6V 3.4V 3.2V 55 ILED (mA) Small 4mm × 7mm 44-Pin QFN Package Input Voltage (V) 70 60 • • 75 CC/CV CHARGER + LTC3577/LTC3577-1 CHARGE 2 0.8V to 3.6V/150mA 0.8V to 3.6V/150mA DUAL LDO REGULATORS I2C PORT SINGLE CELL Li-Ion NTC UP TO 10 LED BOOST LED BACKLIGHT WITH DIGITALLY CONTROLLED DIMMING TRIPLE HIGH EFFICIENCY STEP-DOWN SWITCHING REGULATORS WITH PUSHBUTTON CONTROL PB 0.8V to 3.6V/600mA 0.8V to 3.6V/400mA 0.8V to 3.6V/400mA USB Plus HV Input Charger and Multichannel PMIC Buck(s) (IOUT) LDO(s) Li-Ion/ Polymer Charger Max Charge Current PowerPath Ideal Diode Interface Package (mmx mm) Linear PowerPath Management Integrated Circuits (PMICs) LTC3553 2 4.35 to 5.5 200mA 150mA ~ 500mA ~ ~ – 3x3 QFN-20 LTC3554 2 4.35 to 5.5 200mA x 2 – ~ 500mA ~ ~ – 3x3 QFN-20 LTC3455 3 2.7 to 5.5, USB + Wall Inputs 400mA, 600mA‡ Controller ~ 500mA ~ – – 4x4 QFN-24 LTC3557/-1§ 4 2.7 to 5.5, USB, High-V Bat-Track (*) 600mA, 400mA x 2 3.3V/25mA ~ 1.5A ~ Int + Ext (Opt.) – 4x4 QFN-28 LTC3577/-3 LTC3577-1/-4§ 6# 2.7 to 5.5, USB, High-V Bat-Track (*), OVP 800mA, 500mA x 2 2x150mA ~ 1.5A ~ Int + Ext (Opt.) – 4x7 QFN-44 LTC3677-3¶ 6 2.7 to 5.5, USB, High-V Bat-Track (*), OVP 800mA, 500mA x 2 2x150mA ~ 1.5A ~ Int + Ext (Opt.) – 4x7 QFN-44 * See Table Below for Compatible High Voltage Buck Regulators, † Includes 50mA Hot Swap™ Controller, ‡ May be Increased to 1A with Additional Components, § 4.1V Battery Float Voltage, # Includes 10-LED Boost, ¶ No LED Driver Part Number Input Voltage, Maximum (V) Efficiency (%) ISW/IOUT (A) Switching Frequency Reference Voltage (V) Inductor (µH) Output Capacitor (µF) Quiescent Current ISD (µA) Package (mmxmm) *High Voltage Buck Regulators (Compatible with LTC3557, LTC3576 and LTC3577) LT3505 3.6-36, 40 >85 1.75 / 1.2 300k-3MHz 0.78 6.8 10-Ceramic 2mA <2 3x3 DFN-8, MSOP-8E LT3480 3.6-38, 60 >85 3/2 200k-2MHz 0.79 4.7 22-Ceramic 70µA <1 3x3 DFN-10, MSOP-10E LT3481 3.6-34, 36 >85 3.2 / 2 300k-2.8MHz 1.26 4.7 22-Ceramic 50µA <1 3x3 DFN-10, MSOP-10E LT3653 7.5-30, 60 >85 2 / 1.2 1.5MHz n/a 4.7 10-Ceramic 2.8mA n/a 2x3 DFN-8 27 B AT T E RY C H A R G I N G S O L U T I O N S Lithium-Ion/Polymer PMICs: Linear Battery Charger (Battery-Fed) Our power management integrated circuits (PMICs) address battery LTC3558: charging and multiple system power rail needs in single-cell lithium Actual Size Complete Solution portable products. A high level of integration is offered in a small 100 95 ILOAD = 10mA ILOAD = 1mA 85 footprint for a compact total solution size and ease-of-use. LTC3558: Linear USB Battery Charger with Buck-Boost and Buck Regulators VOUT = 3.3V 90 EFFICIENCY (%) 28 Solution Size = 12mm x 11mm 80 ILOAD = 100mA 75 70 ILOAD = 400mA 65 60 Burst Mode OPERATION PWM MODE 55 Features Power Manager • Standalone USB Charger 50 2.7 3.03.33.6 3.94.2 PVIN2 (V) • Up to 950mA Charge Current Programmable via Single Resistor • HPWR Input Selects 20% or 100% of Programmed Charge Current • NTC Input for Temperature Qualified Charging • Internal Timer Termination • Bad Battery Detection Buck-Boost Regulator Efficiency vs Input Voltage USB (4.3V TO 5.5V) 1µF 2.25MHz Constant Frequency Operation • Power Saving Burst Mode® Operation • Low Profile 3mm × 3mm 20-Pin QFN Package SD/Flash-Based MP3 Players Portable Industrial/Medical Products • Universal Remotes, Photo Viewers • Other USB-Based Handheld Products • Low Power Handheld Applications PROG + LTC3558 10µF 4.7µH 3.3V AT 400mA SWCD2 VOUT2 MODE EN1 121k 324k EN2 10µF 649k 2.2µH HPWR 22µF 33pF FB2 15k 105k GND 10pF 324k FB1 SWAB2 SUSP DIGITAL CONTROL SINGLE Li-lon CELL (2.7V TO 4.2V) 1.2V AT 400mA SW1 CHRG Applications • PNDs, DMB/DVB-H; Digital/Satellite Radio • PVIN2 NTC • • BAT PVIN1 1.74k Switching Regulators • 400mA Output Current per Regulator VCC EXPOSED PAD 330pF 10pF VC2 USB Charger Plus Buck Regulator and Buck-Boost Regulator Part Number Number of Regulators Maximum Charge Current (mA) Input Voltage (V) Buck(s) (IOUT) Buck-Boost(s) (IOUT) Li-Ion/Polymer Charger PowerPath Topology Package (mmxmm) Power Management Integrated Circuits (PMICs), Charger-Fed LTC4080 1 500 2.7 - 4.5 300mA – ~ – 3x3 DFN-10, MSOP-10E LTC4081 1 500 2.7 - 4.5 300mA – ~ – 3x3 DFN-10 LTC3550/-1 1 950 2.5 - 5.5 600mA – ~ – 3x5 DFN-16 LTC3552/-1 2 950 2.5 - 5.5 400mA/800mA LTC3558 2 950 3.0 - 4.2 400mA LTC3559 2 950 3.0 - 4.2 400mA x 2 – 400mA – ~ – 3x5 DFN-16 ~ – 3x3 QFN-20 ~ – 3x3 QFN-16 B AT T E RY M A N A G E M E N T S O L U T I O N S Ideal Diodes/PowerPath Controllers Our ideal diode devices provide a low loss, near “ideal” diode function. They feature much lower forward voltage drop and reverse leakage current than conventional Schottky diodes. This reduces power loss and eases thermal management while extending battery run time. LTC4413: Dual 2.6A, 2.5V to 5.5V Ideal Diodes in 3mm x 3mm DFN ENBA Actual Size Demo Circuit GND WALL ADAPTER (0V TO 5.5V) 2000 VCC LTC4413 470k ENBB STAT INB OUTB STAT IS HIGH WHEN BAT IS SUPPLYING LOAD CURRENT 1500 LTC4413 IOUT (mA) LTC4413: 1000 1N5817 CONTROL CIRCUIT INA 500 OUTA TO LOAD 0 BAT 0 200 100 300 400 VFWD (mV) Monolithic Dual Ideal Diode Part Number Ideal Diode External MOSFET Integrated MOSFET LTC4413 vs 1N5817 Schottky Maximum Current (A) Input Voltage (V) Forward Voltage (mV) Forward ON Resistance Reverse Leakage Current (µA) Supply Current (µA) Package (mmxmm) P-Channel PowerPath/Ideal Diode Controllers LTC4411 Single P-Channel ~ 1 2.6 to 5.5 28 140mΩ 1 35 ThinSOT LTC4412 Single P-Channel – 2* 2.5 to 28 20 Controller 3 13 ThinSOT LTC4412HV Single P-Channel – 2* 2.5 to 36 20 Controller 3 13 ThinSOT LTC4413/-1 † Dual P-Channel ~ 2.6 2.5 to 5.5 28 100mΩ 1 20 3x3 DFN-10 LTC4413-2 Dual P-Channel ~ 2.6 2.5 to 5.5,13, OVP 28 100mΩ 1 20 3x3 DFN-10 LTC4414 Single P-Channel – 5-75* 3 to 36 22 Controller 3 33 MSOP-8 LTC4415 Dual P-Channel ~ 4 1.7 to 5.5 15 50mΩ 1 44 3x5 DFN-16, MSOP-16 LTC4416/-1 Dual P-Channel – 5-75* 3.6 to 36 22 Controller 3 70 MSOP-10 LTC4417 Triple P-Channel – 5-75* 2.5 to 36 * Controller n/a 28 4x4 QFN-24, SSOP-24 † * Depends on MOSFET Selection, † High Speed Version LTC4352: MOSFET Diode-OR Controller Part No. Q2 Si7336ADP TO LOAD 0.15µF 5V 5V 1k VIN CPO SOURCE UV 1k 1% OV GND OUT FAULT LTC4352 3.09k 1% GATE External MOSFET Maximum Current (A) Input Voltage (V) Package (mmxmm) N-Channel Power PowerPath/Ideal Diode Controllers Q1 Si7336ADP 5V 31.6k 1% Ideal Diode D2 1k D1 FAULT MOSFET ON STATUS VCC LTC4352 Single N-Channel ≥5* 0 to 18 3x3 DFN-12, MSOP-12 LTC4357 Single N-Channel ≥5* 9 to 80 2x3 DFN-6, MSOP-8 LTC4358 Single N-Channel 5 (Internal) 9 to 26.5 4x3 DFN-14, TSSOP-16 LTC4359 Single N-Channel ≥5* 4 to 80 2x3 DFN-6, MSOP-8 LTC1473 Dual N-Channel ≥5* 4.75 to 30 SSOP-16 LTC1473L Dual N-Channel ≥5* 2.8 to 9 SSOP-16 LTC2952† Dual N-Channel ≥5* 2.7 to 28 TSSOP-20, 4x4 QFN-20 LTC4353 N-Channel ≥5* 0 to 18 4x3 DFN-16, MSOP-16 Dual 0.1 µF REV D1: GREEN LED LN1351C D2: RED LED LN1261CAL 5V Ideal Diode Circuit with Input Undervoltage and Overvoltage Protection LTC4371 Dual N-Channel ≥5* –4.5 to >–100 3x3 DFN-10, MSOP-10 (Floating) LTC4355 Dual N-Channel ≥5* 9 to 80 4x3 DFN-14, SOIC-16 LTC1479 Triple N-Channel ≥5* 6 to 28 SSOP-36 * Depends on MOSFET Selection, † Pushbutton PowerPath Controller with Supervisor 29 30 B AT T E RY M A N A G E M E N T S O L U T I O N S Active Balancing ICs Emerging electric vehicles (EV) and plug-in hybrid vehicles (PHEV) are demanding longer usable run time from their battery stacks. These stacks of batteries are typically made of battery modules, each with as many as 12 Li-Ion cells stacked in series, offering a 400V battery module. As the battery run time defines the very feasibility of these vehicles, maximizing battery capacity is of primary importance. Batteries can always be made larger to improve driving range but this increases the weight, size and cost of the vehicle. So the goal for automotive EV designers is to find ways to make the existing battery run longer. One effective method is to employ active balancing. Because EV batteries are stacked in series, the lowest capacity cell will limit the entire battery stack’s run time. Ideally, the batteries would be perfectly matched, but this is often not the case, and generally gets worse as the batteries age. Passive energy balancing offers no improved run time, as it dissipates the extra energy of the higher capacity batteries as heat to match the lowest one. Conversely, high efficiency active balancing redistributes the charge from the stronger cells (higher voltage) to the weaker cells. This enables the weaker cells to continue to supply the load during stack discharge, extending the vehicle’s range. It may also be beneficial to have onboard diagnostics for each cell within these modules to monitor temperature, voltage (state of charge) and internal impedance both for safety and long term reliability. Practical Example • Big batteries are expensive—they all degrade over time and lose capacity • Low cost/refurbished cells have greater capacity mismatch • Increasing stack capacity with mismatched cells done in 2 ways: –– Use bigger batteries (solution cost ~ $1–$2 per A-hr per cell) –– Use active balancing • • LTC3300-1 solution cost ~ $2–$3 per cell, depending on IBAL • LT8584 solution cost ~ $3.50–$4.50 per cell, depending on IBAL Example, adding 10A-hrs of capacity costs: –– Bigger batteries: ~ $10–$20 per cell –– Active balancing: ~ $2–$3 per cell • Active balancing maximizes run time and allows fastest charge rates LTC3300-1/-2 - High Efficiency/Addressable Bidirectional Multicell Battery Balancer The LTC3300-1 is a fault-protected controller IC for transformer-based bidirectional active balancing of multicell battery stacks. All associated gate drive circuitry, precision current sensing, fault detection circuitry and a robust serial interface with built-in watchdog timer are integrated. Each LTC3300-1 can balance up to six series-connected battery cells with an input common mode voltage up to 36V. Charge from any selected cell can be transferred at high efficiency to or from 12 or more adjacent cells. LTC3300-1 Offers • Highest energy recovery (max run time) Features Bidirectional Synchronous Flyback Balancing of Up to Six Li-Ion or LiFePO4 Cells in Series • • 92% transfer efficiency, bidirectional operation • Fastest balancing time (min charge time) • Up to 10A Balancing Current (Set by External Components) • Up to 10A charge/discharge current, external power switches • • Numerous safety features Bidirectional Architecture Minimizes Balancing Time and Power Dissipation • Cost efficiency – 6-cell integration • Up to 92% Charge Transfer Efficiency • Stackable Architecture Enables >1000V Systems • Integrates Seamlessly with LTC6804-X Family of Battery Cell Monitor ICs • Uses Simple 2-Winding Transformers • 1MHz Daisy-Chainable Serial Interface with 4-Bit CRC Packet Error Checking • High Noise Margin Serial Communication • Numerous Fault Protection Features • 48-Lead Exposed Pad QFN & LQFP Packages Applications • Electric Vehicles/Plug-in HEVs • High Power UPS/Grid Energy Storage Systems • General Purpose Multicell Battery Stacks B AT T E RY M A N A G E M E N T S O L U T I O N S LT8584 - 2.5A Monolithic Active Cell Balancer with Telemetry Interface The LT8584 is a monolithic flyback DC/DC designed to actively balance high voltage stacks of batteries. The high efficiency of a switching regulator significantly increases the achievable balancing current while reducing heat generation. The LT8584 includes an integrated 6A/50V power switch, reducing the complexity of the application circuit. The device runs completely off the cell it is discharging, eliminating complicated biasing schemes. The LT8584 provides system telemetry including current, temperature and cell voltage when used with the LTC680x family of battery monitors. LT8584 Offers • High level of integration • Numerous safety features, additional system monitoring MUX –– Measure IBAL for calculating “IR Drop Compensation,” “Coulomb tracking” –– Measure internal reference for BMS self-testing per channel • Simple to use: no additional software required for “Simple Mode” operation • High energy recovery • Fast balancing time –– 82% charge transfer efficiency –– 2.5A discharge current, internal power switch Features 2.5A Typical Average Cell Discharge Current • • Integrated 6A/50V Power Switch • Integrates Seamlessly with LTC680x Family • Selectable Current and Temperature Monitors • Ultralow Quiescent Current in Shutdown • Engineered for ISO 26262 Compliant Systems • Isolated Balancing: –– Can Return Charge to Top of Stack –– Can Return Charge to Any Combination of Cells in Stack –– Can Return Charge to 12V Battery for Alternator Replacement • Can Be Paralleled for Greater Discharge Capability LTC3305 Lead-Acid Battery Balancer The LTC3305 balances up to four lead-acid batteries connected in series. All voltage monitoring, gate drive and fault detection circuitry is integrated. The LTC3305 is designed for standalone operation and does not require any external control circuitry. Summary of Features: LTC3305 • Single IC Balances Up to Four 12V Lead-Acid Batteries in Series • All NFET Design • Stackable to Balance Larger Series Battery Packs • Standalone Operation Requires no External μP or Control Circuitry • Balancing Current Limited by External PTC Thermistor • Continuous Mode and Timer Mode • Programmable UV and OV Fault Thresholds • Programmable Termination Time and Termination Voltage • 38-Lead TSSOP and 7mm × 7mm 48-Lead LQFP Packages Applications • Active Battery Stack Balancing • Electric and Hybrid Electric Vehicles • Failsafe Power Supplies • Energy Storage Systems 31 B AT T E RY M A N A G E M E N T S O L U T I O N S High Voltage Battery Stack Monitors for Battery Management Systems Applications • Passenger Automobiles (EV, HEV) • Electric Bicycles (Motorcycles, Scooters) Part Number Primary Function Measurement Error Max Multichip Interface Package Comments LTC6804-1 12 Cell Measurements 0.10% isoSPI, Daisy-Chain SSOP-48 3rd Generation: High Noise Immunity High Accuracy, 240µsec Conversion LTC6804-2 12 Cell Measurements 0.10% isoSPI, Addressable SSOP-48 3rd Generation: High Noise Immunity High Accuracy, 240µsec Conversion • Commercial Vehicles (Buses, Trains) • Industrial Equipment (Forklifts, Trucks) • Marine (Boats, Submarines) • Mil/Aero (Planes, Satellites, Unmanned Vehicles) LTC6803-1/3 12 Cell Measurements 0.25% SPI, Daisy-Chain SSOP-44 2nd Generation: High Noise Immunity, 0µA shutdown • Energy Storage Systems LTC6803-2/4 12 Cell Measurements 0.25% SPI, Addressable SSOP-44 2nd Generation: High Noise Immunity, 0µA shutdown LTC6802-1 12 Cell Measurements 0.25% SPI, Daisy-Chain SSOP-44 1st Generation: Superseded by the LTC6804 and LTC6803 for new designs LTC6802-2 12 Cell Measurements 0.25% SPI, Addressable SSOP-44 1st Generation: Superseded by the LTC6804 and LTC6803 for new designs LTC6801 12 Cell Fault Monitor 0.50% Differential Clock Signals, Daisy-Chain SSOP-36 Standalone Undervoltage/Overvoltage Monitor, Provides Redundancy LTC6804: Next Generation Battery Stack Monitor • Stackable Architecture Supports 100s of Cells • Built-in isoSPI™ Interface • Delta-Sigma ADC With Frequency Programmable 3rd Order Noise Filter • Stackable BMS Architecture 2.5 240µs to Measure All Cells in a System • Synchronized Voltage and Current Measurement • Engineered for ISO26262 Compliant Systems • Passive Cell Balancing with Programmable Timer • General Purpose I/O for Digital or Analog Inputs, also Configurable for I2C Interface • 4μA Sleep Mode Supply Current • 48-Lead SSOP Package Nominal Cell Voltage = 3.3V 2.0 + 12s1p Li-Ion – 1.5 LTC6804 1.2mV Maximum Total Measurement Error • Total Measurement Error vs Temperature 1.0 TME (mV) Features • Measures Up to 12 Battery Cells in Series 0.5 0 –0.5 –1.0 –1.5 –2.0 LTC6804 –2.5 –45 –20 5 30 55 TEMPERATURE (°C) 80 105 LTC6804 LTC6820: Noise Immune, Isolated, Bidirectional SPI Communications (isoSPI) Features • Supports LTC6804 High Voltage Battery Monitor • 1Mbps Isolated SPI Using Standard Transformers • Bidirectional Interface Over a Single Twisted Pair • Supports Cable Lengths Up to 100 Meters • Configurable for High Noise Immunity or Low Power • Ultralow, 2.5μA Idle Current • Interfaces with 1.8V to 5V Logic • 16-Lead QFN and MSOP Packages Isolated 2-Wire Communication MASTER µC SDO SDI SCK CS REMOTE SLAVE IC 1.2 LTC6820 MSTR MOSI MISO SCK CS CAT-5 ASSUMED IP 1.0 120Ω IM 100 METERS TWISTED PAIR LTC6820 MSTR SDI SDO SCK CS Data Rate vs Cable Length MOSI IP CS 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 120Ω MISO SCK DATA RATE (Mbps) 32 IM 0 1 10 CABLE LENGTH (METERS) 100 B AT T E RY M A N A G E M E N T S O L U T I O N S Battery Monitoring Devices By combining a voltage reference with a comparator, it is easy to 12 LITHIUM 40V CELL STACK create accurate battery monitors. Linear Technology offers a number of combination devices with very low power and high accuracy voltage references. These products are available in many pin configurations to + 10µF + 1M INC2 LT6109-1 5V + pin count. 10k RESET LT6109: High Side Current Sense Amplifier with Reference and Dual Comparator Description 2 EN/RST 4 OUTC1 3 OUTC2 INC1 V– INC2 5 The LT6109 is an ideal choice for monitoring batteries. It includes a precision high side current sense amplifier, a dual comparator for monitoring current and/or voltage, and a voltage reference. As shown, it is simple to implement battery fault protection. In this example, the comparators monitor for overcurrent and undervoltage conditions. If either fault is detected, the battery will be immediately disconnected from the load. The latching comparator outputs ensure the battery stays disconnected until an outside source resets the LT6109 comparator output. 100k R10 100 1 10 SENSEHI SENSELO 8 9 + OUTA V 0.1µF 13.3k support a wide range of designs with minimum package footprint and Part Number IRF9640 0.1 + 0.8A OVERCURRENT 6 DETECTION 7 6.2V* VOUT 9.53k 475 30V UNDERVOLTAGE DETECTION 100k 2N7000 *CMH25234B Overcurrent and Undervoltage Battery Fault Protection Supply Voltage (V) Prop Delay (µs) Typ Hysteresis (mV) Supply Current (µA) Package (mm x mm) Comparator and Reference Combinations LT6700 Dual Comparators with 400mV Reference 1.4 to 18 18 6.5 10 SOT-23, 2x3 DFN-6 LT6700HV 36V Input/Output Dual Comparators and Reference 1.4 to 18 18 6.5 10 SOT-23 LT6700MP Dual Comparators and Reference for –55°C to 150°C 1.4 to 18 18 6.5 10 2x3 DFN-6 LT6703 Single Comparator and Internal Reference 1.4 to 18 18 6.5 10 SOT-23, 2x2 DFN-3 LT6703HV 36V Input/Output Comparator and Reference 1.4 to 18 18 6.5 10 SOT-23 LTC1440 Ultralow Power Comparator with Reference 2 to 11 8 Adj 4 MSOP-8,SO-8, DIP-8, 3x3 DFN-8 LTC1441 Dual Ultralow Power Comparators with Reference 2 to 11 8 None 5.7 DIP-8, SO-8 LTC1442 Dual Ultralow Power Comparators with Reference 2 to 11 8 Adj 5.7 DIP-8, SO-8 LTC1443 Quad Ultralow Power Comparators with Reference 2 to 11 4 None 8.5 DIP-16, SO-16, 4x5 DFN-16 LTC1444 Quad Ultralow Power Comparators with Reference 2 to 11 4 Adj 8.5 DIP-16, SO-16, 4x5 DFN-16 LTC1445 Quad Ultralow Power Comparators with Reference 2 to 11 4 Adj 8.5 DIP-16, SO-16, 4x5 DFN-16 LTC1540 Nanopower Comparator with Reference 2 to 11 50 Adj 0.7 MSOP-8, SO-8, 3x3 DFN-8 LTC1541 Combined Amplifier, Comparator and Reference 2.5 to 12.6 8 2.25 7.5 MSOP-8, SO-8, 3x3 DFN-8 LTC1542 Micropower Amplifier and Comparator 2.5 to 12.6 8 2.25 5 MSOP-8, SO-8, 3x3 DFN-8 LTC1842 Dual Ultralow Power Comparators with Reference 2.5 to 11 4 Adj 5.7 SO-8 LTC1843 Dual Ultralow Power Comparators with Reference 2.5 to 11 4 Adj 5.7 SO-8 LTC1998 High Accuracy Comparator with 1.2V Reference 1.5 to 5.5 150 Adj 3.5 SOT-23 LT6108 High Side Current Sense Amplifier with Reference and Comparator 2.7 to 60 3 10 650 MSOP-8, 2x3 DFN-8 LT6109 High Side Current Sense Amplifier with Reference and 2 Comparators 2.7 to 60 3 10 700 MSOP LT6118 Current Sense Amplifier, Reference, and Comparator with POR 2.7 to 60 3 10 650 MSOP-8, 2x3 DFN-8 LT6119 Current Sense Amplifier, Reference, and 2 Comparators with POR 2.7 to 60 3 10 700 MSOP TO LOAD 33 34 B AT T E RY M A N A G E M E N T S O L U T I O N S Special Functions/Battery Charger Support Devices LTC2943: Multicell Battery Gas Gauge with Temperature, Voltage and Current Measurement LTC3335: Nanopower Buck-Boost DC/DC with Integrated Coulomb Counter Features • Measures Accumulated Battery Charge and Discharge Features • 680nA Input Quiescent Current (Output in Regulation at No Load) • 3.6V to 20V Operating Range • 1.8V to 5.5V Input Operationg Range • 14-Bit ADC Measures Voltage, Current and Temperature • • 1% Voltage, Current and Charge Accuracy Selectable Output Voltages of 1.8V, 2.5V, 2.8V, 3V, 3.3V, 3.6V, 4.5V, 5V • 3mm x 3mm DFN-8 Package • Integrated Coulomb Counter Measures Accumulated Battery Discharge • ±5% Battery Discharge Measurement Accuracy 1A LOAD CHARGER 3.3V 1µF 2k 2k LTC2943 2k VDD ALCC µP SDA SENSE+ RSENSE 50mΩ SENSE– SCL + GND Part Number Supply Voltage (V) Max Shutdown Current (µA) MULTICELL LI-ION Measures Accumulated Charge & Discharge Charge Accuracy (%) Integrated RSENSE Measures Current Integrated Temperature Sensor Interface Package (mm x mm) Battery Gas Gauges (Coulomb Counters) LTC4150 2.7 to 8.5 1.5 ~ No Spec – – – 2 μC I/O Pins MSOP-10 LTC2941/-1 2.7 to 5.5 2 ~ 1 – /~ – – I2C/SMBus 2x3 DFN-6, MSOP-8 ~ I2C/SMBus 2x3 DFN-6 ~ I2C/SMBus 3x3 DFN-8 ~ I2C/SMBus 3x3 DFN-8 LTC2942/-1 LTC2943/-1 LTC2944 2.7 to 5.5 3.6 to 20 3.6 to 60 2 25 50 ~ ~ ~ LTC4231: Micropower Hot Swap Controller Features • Enables Safe Battery or Board Insertion and Removal • Low 4µA Quiescent Current, 0.3µA in Shutdown • Filtered Circuit Breaker with 1µs Fast Current Limit • Overvoltage and Undervoltage Protection 1 1 1 – /~ – /~ – ~ ~ ~ Battery Hot Swap with Reverse Protection SMAJ24CA 22.5mΩ • 2.7V to 36V Operating Range • Reverse Battery Protection to –40V • Controls Single or Back-to-Back N-Channel MOSFETs • MOSFET On Status Output • 3mm x 3mm QFN-12 and MSOP-12 Packages VOUT 24V 2A Si5410DU 220µF SENSE 1020k –– Adjustable Undervoltage Hysteresis –– Divider Strobed Ground for Reduced Current Si7164DP 24V GATE IN SOURCE UVL STATUS 1.65k 20k LTC4231 UVH 4.22k OV SHDN 32.4k GNDSW TIMER GND 180nF B AT T E RY M A N A G E M E N T S O L U T I O N S Special Functions/Battery Charger Support Devices LTM®2884: Isolated USB Transceiver with Isolated Power Features • Isolated USB Transceiver: 2500V RMS for 1 Minute • USB 2.0 Full Speed and Low Speed compatible • Integrated Isolated DC/DC Converter, External or Bus Powered • Auto-Configuration of Bus Speed • 15mm x 15mm BGA-44 Package Powered 2.5W Isolated Hub Port VBUS 8.6V TO 16.5V LTM2884 VCC VBUS VCC2 VLO PWR ON HUB µC D1+ VBUS2 D2+ GND VCC2 VLO PWR ON 100µF DOWNSTREAM USB PORT D1+ UPSTREAM USB PORT D2– 15k LTM2884 VCC VLO2 D1– 15k + VBUS SPNDPWR ISOLATION BARRIER SPNDPWR 200mA AT 5V 500mA AT 5V PERIPHERAL ISOLATION BARRIER 4.4V TO 16.5V Bus Powered 1W Isolated Peripheral Device VLO2 1.5k D2+ D1– D2– GND2 GND GND2 GND Nano-Current Supervisors Portable applications will appreciate the low power consumption of 6V < VIN < 8.4V our nano-current supervisors, which can directly monitor voltages up to 36V. Resistor-programmable or pin-selectable thresholds provide Li-Ion 4.2V flexibility in small footprints. + Features • 850nA Quiescent Current Li-Ion 4.2V • Operating Range: 2.5V < VCC < 36V • 1.5% (Max) Accuracy Over Temperature • Adjustable Reset Threshold • Adjustable IN+/IN– Threshold • 2mm × 2mm DFN-8 and TSOT-8 Packages Part Number # of Voltage Monitors (# of Adj Inputs) Monitor Voltages (V) R2 6.04M C1 0.1µF 50V LTC2960 36V Nano-Current 2-Input Voltage Monitor + LTC3632 DC/DC GND VOUT 1.8V R4 1.3M C2 1µF LTC2960-3 DVCC VCC R1 402k IN+ RST RESET MR OUT ADJ LOW BATTERY GND R3 402k POWER-FAIL FALLING THRESHOLD = 6.410V RESET FALLING THRESHOLD = 1.693V Threshold Accuracy Reset Pulse Width Supply Current (µA) Power Fail Warning Manual Reset Comments Package (mm x mm) Nano-Current Supervisors LTC2960 2 (2) Adj 1.5% 15ms/ 200ms 0.85 ~ ~ Resistor Programmable Reset and UV/OV Thresholds TSOT-8, 2x2 DFN-8 LTC2934 1 (1) Adj 1.5% 15ms/ 200ms 0.5 ~ ~ Resistor Programmable Reset and Power-Fail Thresholds TSOT-8, 2x2 DFN-8 LTC2935 1 (1) 1.6 to 6 1.5% 200ms 0.5 ~ ~ 8 Pin-Selectable Reset and Power-Fail Thresholds TSOT-8, 2x2 DFN-8 35 36 B AT T E RY M A N A G E M E N T S O L U T I O N S Pushbutton Controllers Our pushbutton controllers solve the inherent bounce problem associated with all mechanical contacts, while also enabling power supply converters and releasing a processor once the supply is fully powered up. Wide voltage operation, rugged ESD protection, small size, low quiescent current and ease of design distinguish these pushbutton controllers from discrete implementations. LTC2955: Pushbutton On/Off Controller with Automatic Turn-On Features • Automatic Turn-On via Voltage Monitor Input • Wide Input Supply Range: 1.5V to 36V • Low Supply Current: 1.2μA • ±25kV ESD HBM on PB Input • ±36V Wide Input Voltage for PB Input • 3mm x 2mm DFN-10 and TSOT-8 Packages VTRIP = 5.4V LT3008-3.3 VOUT VIN 8.4V SHDN R7 1M VIN 0.1µF LTC2955DDB-1 SEL INT TMR Supply Voltage Supply Current Turn-On Debounce Time PGD PB 402k µP KILL ON Description 1M EN 2.32M Part Number 3.3V GND POWER-FAIL System OK Response Time Interrupt Debounce Time Turn-Off Debounce Time Turn-Off Delay ESD Package Pushbutton Controllers LTC2950 Basic Pushbutton Controller 2.7V to 26V 6µA Adj 512ms Adj n/a 1024ms 10kV TSOT-8, DFN-8 LTC2951 Basic Pushbutton Controller 2.7V to 26V 6µA 128ms 512ms Adj n/a Adj 10kV TSOT-8, DFN-8 LTC2952 Pushbutton Controller with 2 Ideal Diode-OR Controllers for Load Sharing or Automatic Switchover Applications 2.7V to 28V 25µA Adj 400ms 26ms Adj 400ms 8kV TSSOP-20, QFN-20 LTC2953 Pushbutton Controller with Supply Monitor, UVLO and Power Fail Comparators for Supervisory Applications 2.7V to 27V 12µA 32ms 512ms 32ms Adj n/a 10kV DFN-12 LTC2954 Pushbutton Controller with Interrupt Logic for Menu-Driven Applications 2.7V to 26V 6µA Adj 512ms 32ms Adj n/a 10kV TSOT-8, DFN-8 LTC2955 Pushbutton Controller with Automatic Turn-On and Interrupt Logic for Menu-Driven Applications 1.5V to 36V 1.2µA 32ms 512ms 32ms Adj n/a 25kV TSOT-8, DFN-10 LTC2956 Wake-Up Timer with Pushbutton Controller 1.5V to 36V 0.3µA 32ms n/a n/a Adj n/a 25kV MSOP-12, DFN-12 B AT T E RY M A N A G E M E N T S O L U T I O N S High Side and Low Side Current Sensing Sensing and controlling current flow is a fundamental requirement in many battery charger and monitor applications. LT1999: High Voltage, Bidirectional Current Sense Amplifier 0.025 CHARGER BAT High side current sense amplifiers extract small differential LOAD voltages from high common mode voltages. This is used 5V 1 to measure the voltage on a small sense resistor placed in series between a power supply and load, providing a direct V+IN 2 measurement of current flowing into the load. where a sense resistor is placed between load and ground. The 5V best solutions for low side sensing are micropower, rail-to-rail 2µA SHDN 0.8k 4k 0.8k 4 5V 0.1µF 8 VSHDN 10µF 0.1µF 40k + – 4k V+ V–IN 3 In some applications, low side current sensing can be used, LT1999-10 V+ 42V V+ – + 7 VOUT + VOUT 160k 6 VREF – V+ 160k V+ 5 +INVCC VREF LTC2433-1 CS –IN SDO SCK 0.1µF 0.1µF input amplifiers with low input bias current and low offset voltage. For more information, see our complete current sense solutions Dual Current Sensor for Charge/Discharge Monitoring guide at www.linear.com/currentsense Part Number Directional Sense Input Voltage Range (V) Response Time (µs) VOS Max (µV) VOS Offset Drift IBIAS Max Gain Settings Package High Side Current Sense Amplifiers LT1787 Bidirectional 2.5 to 65 10 75 0.5µV/°C 20µA Fixed Gain=8 SO-8, MSOP-8 LT1787HV Bidirectional 2.5 to 65 10 75 0.5µV/°C 20µA Fixed Av=8 SO-8, MSOP-8 LTC4151 Unidirectional 7 to 80 n/a 4000 n/a n/a n/a DFN-10, MSOP-10 LT6100 Unidirectional 4.1 to 48 40 300 0.5µV/°C 10µA 10,12.5,20,25,40,50V/V DFN-8, MSOP-8 LTC6101 Unidirectional 4 to 105 1 300 1µV/°C 170nA Adj w/ 2 Resistors SOT-23, MSOP-8 LTC6101HV Unidirectional 5 to 105 1 300 1µV/°C 170nA Adj w/ 2 Resistors SOT-23, MSOP-8 LTC6102 Unidirectional 4 to 105 1 10 25nV/°C 3nA Adj w/ 2 Resistors DFN-8, MSOP-8 LTC6102HV Unidirectional 5 to 105 1 10 50nV/°C 3nA Adj w/ 2 Resistors DFN-8, MSOP-8 LTC6103 Unidirectional 4 to 70 1 450 1.5µV/°C 170nA Adj w/ 2 Resistors/amp MSOP-8 LTC6104 Bidirectional 4 to 70 1 450 1.5µV/°C 170nA Adj w/ 3 Resistors MSOP-8 LT6105 Unidirectional -0.3 to 44 3.5 300 0.5µV/°C 25µA Adj w/ 2 Resistors DFN-6, MSOP-8 LT6106 Unidirectional 2.7 to 44 3.5 250 1µV/°C 40nA Adj w/ 2 Resistors SOT-23 LT6107 Unidirectional 2.7 to 44 3.5 250 1µV/°C 40nA Adj w/ 2 Resistors SOT-23 LT1999 Bidirectional -5 to 80 2.5 750 5µV/ºC 2.5µA 10, 20, 50 V/V MSOP-8, SO-8 LT6108 Undirectional 2.7 to 60 3 125 0.8µV/ºC 300µA Adj w/ 2 Resistors MSOP-8, DFN-8 LT6109 Undirectional 2.7 to 60 3 125 0.8µV/ºC 300µA Adj w/ 2 Resistors MSOP-8 LT6118 Undirectional 2.7 to 60 3 125 0.8µV/ºC 300µA Adj w/ 2 Resistors MSOP-8, DFN-8 LT6119 Undirectional 2.7 to 60 3 125 0.8µV/ºC 300µA Adj w/ 2 Resistors MSOP-8 Part Number Description Railto-Rail Direction Sense Input Voltage Range (V) VOS Max (µV) VOS Drift IBIAS Max Gain Package Low Side Current Sense Amplifiers LT6015/6/7 Single/Dual/Quad Precision Over-the-Top Op Amps In/Out Bidirectional 0 to 76 50 0.75µV/°C 5nA Adj w/ 2 Resistors ThinSOT, MSOP-8, DFN-22 LT1490A/91A Dual/Quad Over-The-Top® µPower Rail-to-Rail Op Amps In/Out Bidirectional 0 to 44 500 4µV/°C 8nA Adj w/ 2 Resistors DFN-8, DIP-8, MSOP-8, SO-8, DIP-14, SO-14 LT1636 Over-The-Top Micropower , Rail-to-Rail Single Supply Op Amp In/Out Bidirectional 0 to 44 225 5µV/°C 8nA Adj w/ 2 Resistors DFN-8, DIP-8, MSOP-8, SO-8 LT1638/39 1.2MHz, Over-The-Top Micropower Rail-to-Rail Op Amp In/Out Bidirectional 0 to 44 600 6µV/°C 50nA Adj w/ 2 Resistors DFN-8, DIP-8, MSOP-8, SO-8, DIP-14, SO-14 LTC2054/55 Single/Dual Low Power, Zero-Drift, 3V, 5V, ±5V Op Amps Out Bidirectional 0 to V±0.7 3 0.05µV/ºC 3nA Adj w/ 2 Resistors ThinSOT, DFN-8, MSOP-8 LT6105 Precision, High Side or Low Side, Current Sense Amplifier In Unidirectional -0.3 to 44 300 1µV/°C 25µA Adj w/ 2 Resistors DFN-6, MSOP-8 LTC2057 High Voltage Low Noise Zero-Drift Op Amp Out Bidirectional -0.1 to V±1.5 5 0.225µV/ºC 200µA Adj w/ 2 Resistors DFN-8, MSOP-8, MSOP-10, SO-8 37 Integrated Pass Transistor Charge Termination Standalone Battery Charge Current (Max), A Number of Battery Cells (Series) Temperature Control 1.5 ~ ~ ‡ ~ ‡ ~ ~ ‡ ~ ~ ~‡ ~ ~ ~¶ ~ ¶ ~ ~ ¶ ~ ~ ~¶ ~ ~ ¶ ~ ~¶ ~¶ ~ 1 1 2 1.25 0.25 0.95 0.95 1.2 1 1 1 1 1-14 1 1 1 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ¶ ~ ~ ~ † ~ ~† ~ † ~‡ ~ ~ ‡ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ – – ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~‡ ~ ~ ~ ~¶ ~¶ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ – – – ~ – ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ – ~ ~ ~ – ~ – ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ – ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ – ~ ~ – * Current C/10, † Current C/x, ‡ Timer, § µC, ¶Timer + Current Indication, # PROG Pin Tracks Charge Current, ** Gas Gauge Capability, †† For 1-Cell LiFePO4 1 1 ~ ~ – ~ ~ ~ – ~ – ~** ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ Li-Ion/Polymer 4.2V/Cell & 4.1V/Cell Linear Battery Chargers ~ ~ 1.25 1 ~ 1 1.2 1 ~ ~ ~ 1.2 1 ~ 1.5 1 ~ ~ 1.5 1.5 1 1.25 1.5 1 ~ 1 1.5 1 ~ 1 1.5 1 LTC4066 QFN-24 DFN-10 DFN-10 DFN-10 DFN-10 – – – LTC4096/X LTC4075/X LTC4078/X LTC4079 LTC4053 DFN-10 MSOP-10 LTC4063 LTC4062 LTC4061 LTC4050 LTC4085 LTC4067 LTC4055 Integration/Features MSOP-10 DFN-10 DFN-10 DFN-10 DFN-14 DFN-12 QFN-16 LTC4089 LTC4090 DFN-22 LTC4088 DFN-22 LTC4098-3.6 †† LTC4098 LTC4160 LTC4099 Most Part Number DFN-14 QFN-20 QFN-20 QFN-20 QFN-20 Package (mm x mm) ~ ~ ~ – – ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ Li-Ion/Polymer 4.2V/Cell & 4.1V/Cell Linear Battery Chargers with PowerPath Control (Power Managers) ICHARGE Monitor # Status Signals End-of-Charge Signal Charge Termination & Integration Thermal Regulation Battery AC Present Signal MASTER SELECTOR GUIDES—Power Managers and Linear Battery Chargers Thermistor Interface Least 38 B AT T E RY C H A R G I N G S O L U T I O N S Lithium-Ion/Polymer Integrated Pass Transistor Charge Termination Standalone Battery Charge Current (Max), A Number of Battery Cells (Series) 0.9 0.8 1 0.7 1 1 1 1 – ~ – – ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ – 50mA 0.18 1 1 – ~ ~ ~ – ~ ~§ ~ ~ ~ – ~ – – – – ~ – – – ~ – ~ – – ~ – ~ ~ – – ~ – – – ~ – – – ~ ~ ~ – ~ ~ ~ – ~ ~ – ~ ~ – – – ~ ~ ~ – ~ ~ ~ ~ – ~ ~ ~ DFN-6 – – ~ ~ ThinSOT LTC4071 2x3 DFN-8, MSOP-8E LTC4065L/LX LTC4070 DFN-6 – LTC4059/A LTC4054L 2x3 DFN-8, MSOP-8E DFN-6 ThinSOT ThinSOT LTC4064 MSOP-10E LTC4059/A LTC4057 DFN-6 LTC4056 LTC4065/A LTC4070 LTC4054/X ThinSOT – – – ~ – ThinSOT – – DFN-6 ThinSOT LTC1733 LTC1732 MSOP-10E LTC4058/X LTC4068/X LTC4095 LTC4076 LTC4077 Integration/Features LTC1731 Most Part Number MSOP-8 ~ – ~ – MSOP-10 DFN-8 – – DFN-8 DFN-8 – DFN-10 DFN-10 – – Package (mm x mm) ~ Temperature Control ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ‡ ~ ~ ~* ~§ ~ ~ – ~ § ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~‡ § ~§ ~ – – ~ ~ ~ ~‡ ~ ‡ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~¶ ~* ~‡ – – ~‡ – ‡ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ End-of-Charge Signal * Current C/10, † Current C/x, ‡ Timer, § µC, ¶ Timer + Current Indication, # PROG Pin Tracks Charge Current, ** Gas Gauge Capability, †† 500mA With External PFET 0.25 50mA†† 1 1 0.15 0.9 1 1 ~ ~ ~* ~ † ~¶ ~† ~† Li-Ion/Polymer Coin Cell Battery Chargers 0.75 0.7 0.75 1 1 0.8 1 1 1.5 1 0.95 1 2 0.95 1 2 0.95 1 1, 2 0.95 1 1, 2 0.95 1 Li-Ion/Polymer 4.2V/Cell & 4.1V/Cell Linear Battery Chargers ICHARGE Monitor # Status Signals Thermal Regulation Charge Termination & Integration Thermistor Interface Battery AC Present Signal MASTER SELECTOR GUIDES—Power Managers and Linear Battery Chargers (continued) LTC1734L LTC1734 Least Lithium-Ion/Polymer B AT T E RY C H A R G I N G S O L U T I O N S 39 Standalone Battery Charge Current (Max), A Number of Battery Cells (Series) 4 2 1-16 1-4 ~ ~ ~ Charge Termination ~§ ~# ~# 4 2 2 4 0.4 4 2 1.5 4 2 1 1-2 3-4 1-4 2-4 1-2 1-2, adj 1-2 ~ – ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ – – – – ~ – – – – ~ – ~‡ ~¶,†† ~ ~ ~ ~ – ‡ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ‡ – ~ – ~‡ ~‡ ~** – – ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ End-of-Charge Signal – ~ ~ ~ ~ ‡ – – – ~ – – ~** ~** Status Signals AC Present Signal – – – ~ – – – – ~ – ~ – – ~ ~ ~ ~ – ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ – ~ ~ – – – ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ Temperature Control * Current C/10, † Current C/x, ‡ Timer, ¶ µC, § T, t, -dV , # T, t, -dV, dT/dt, ** Timer + Current, †† for Li-Ion Termination, use LTC1729, ‡‡ PROG Pin Tracks Charge Current 4 1 Li-Ion/Polymer Switch Mode Battery Chargers 4 1-16 NiMH/NiCd Battery Chargers Integrated Power Transistor Charge Termination & Integration ICHARGE Monitor ‡‡ Battery Thermal Regulation MASTER SELECTOR GUIDES—Switch Mode Battery Chargers Thermistor Interface LTC4002 DFN-10 SO-8 LTC1980 LTC4006 LT1571 LTC4121 LTC4007 LT3650 LTC4001/-1 LT3651-8.x LT3651-4.x LTC4010 Switch Mode LTC4060 Linear Integration/Features LTC4011 Switch Mode Most Part Number SSOP-16 SSOP-28 SSOP-24 SSOP-16 QFN-16 SSOP-24 DFN-12 SSOP-24 QFN-36 QFN-36 DFN-16 TSSOP-16 TSSOP-16E TSSOP-20E Package (mm x mm) Least 40 B AT T E RY C H A R G I N G S O L U T I O N S Lithium-Ion/Polymer Standalone Battery Charge Current (Max), A VBAT Range, V 4 8 4 4 3.5-28 3-21 3.5-26 3.0-5.5 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ Charge Termination Method(s) – – – – – – – – SMBus¶ ¶ ¶ ¶ SMBus SMBus SMBus – Integrated Pass Transistor – SMBus‡,¶ End-of-Charge Signal – – – – – ~ ~ ~ – ~ ~ ~ – 1-4 0.4 1-14 0.25 8 8 2 2 4 4 4 3 0.75 2 2 1.5 1 3.5-28 2.5-23 3.3-18 3.3-14.4 2-28 2-28 3-28 2.5-26 1.5-20 1.5-20 2.5-26 2.5-26 2.5-26 ~ ~ ‡ ~ – – – – – – – – – – – – – – ~ ¶,†† ~¶,†† ~¶,†† ~ ~ ~ ~ ¶,†† ~ ~ ~¶,†† ~¶,†† ~ ~ ~ – ¶ – – ~ – ¶ ~ ~ ¶ ~ – ~ ~ – ~ ~ ~ ~ ~** ~** ~ ~ – – ¶,†† – – – ¶ SPI ~ ~ ~‡ ~ ~ ~ ** – – – – – – ~ ~ ~ – – – – – – – – – – ~ ~ ~ ~ – – ~ ~ – – – ~ – – – – – – Temperature Control – – – – – – ~ – – ~ ~ – – ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ LT3652 3x3 DFN-12, MSOP-12E SO-8, SSOP-16, SO-16 TSSOP-16, SSOP-28 TSSOP-20, SSOP-28 DD Pak, TO-220 SO-8 SO-24 SSOP-20 QFN-20 QFN-20 LT1505 LT3652HV LTC4121 LTC4101 LTC4100 SSOP-28 LTC1960 LTC4020 LTC1759 LTC1760 LTC4110 Most Part Number 3x3 DFN-12, MSOP-12E SSOP-36, QFN-38 DFN-10 QFN-16 5x7 QFN-38 SSOP-24 SSOP-24 SSOP-36 TSSOP-48 QFN-38 Package (mm x mm) * Current C/10, † Current C/x, ‡ Timer, ¶ µC , § T, t, -dV , # T, t, -dV, dT/dt, ** Timer + Current, †† for Li-Ion Termination, use LTC1729 , ‡‡ PROG Pin Tracks Charge Current – – – – – – – – ~ ~ – ~ 2.5-55 20A+ Lead-Acid, Li-Ion/Polymer, NiMH/NiCd Switch Mode Battery Chargers 3 3.5-18 Smart Battery Chargers ICHARGE Monitor ‡‡ Status Signals Thermal Regulation Charge Termination & Integration Thermistor Interface Battery AC Present Signal MASTER SELECTOR GUIDES—Switch Mode Battery Chargers (continued) LTC4008 LTC4009/-1/-2 LTC4012/-1/-2/-3 LTC4079 Integration/Features LT1510 LT1571 LT1769 LT1513 LT1512 LT1511 Least Lithium-Ion/Polymer B AT T E RY C H A R G I N G S O L U T I O N S 41 Ideal Diode Li-Ion/Polymer Charger Buck-Boost (BB)/ Boost (IOUT) Buck(s) (IOUT) Number of Regulators 3.3V, 20mA 1A, 400mA x2 400mA, – 600mA – 400mA x2 600mA, – 400mA x2 1A BB 400mA x 2, 1A – – 200mA x2 200mA 4 4 4 4 3 2 2 2 2 – 400mA, – 800mA 600mA 300mA 300mA 2 1 1 1 – – – – – – – Linear Linear Linear Linear Linear Linear Linear Linear Sync Buck + Linear Sync Buck + Linear 0.5 0.5 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.5 0.5 1.5 1.5 0.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 – – – – – – Linear Linear Switch Mode Switch Mode Linear Switch Mode Linear Switch Mode Switch Mode Linear Linear Switch Mode – – – – – – – – Int + Ext (opt.) Int + Ext (opt.) – Int + Ext (opt.) Int + Ext (opt.) Int + Ext (opt.) Int + Ext (opt.) Int + Ext (opt.) Int + Ext (opt.) Int + Ext (opt.) Other Features – – – – 4.3 to 8 2.7 to 4.5 2.7 to 4.5 – – 4.25 to 8 5, USB 5, USB – 4.35V to 5.5V 3x3 DFN-10 3x3 DFN-10, MSOP-10E 3x5 DFN-16 3x5 DFN-16 3x3 QFN-16 3x3 QFN-20 3x3 QFN-20 3x3 QFN-20 4x4 QFN-24 I2C – 4x4 QFN-24 – 4x4 QFN-24 4x5 QFN-24 I2C – 4x4 QFN-28 4.35V to 5.5V 4.25 to 5.5 4.25 to 5.5 5, USB, Li Ion 5, USB, Li Ion 5, USB, Li Ion, Hi-V 38V max – 4x5 QFN-28 I2C 5, USB, Li Ion 4x6 QFN-38 5, USB, Li-Ion, I2C Hi-V 38V with 60V transients; OVP: 68V 4x7 QFN-44 4x6 QFN-38 4x7 QFN-44 – – Interface – 5, USB, Li Ion, Hi-V Bat-Track, OVP 5, USB, Li Ion, Hi-V Bat-Track, OVP 5, USB, Li Ion Package (mm x mm) 11 7, 12 7, 11 LTC3556 LTC3557/-1 LTC3555/1/-3 13 13 13 LTC4080 LTC4081 13 LTC3552/-1 LTC3550/-1 13 12 LTC3553 7, 13 12 LTC3554 LTC3559/-1 11 LTC3567 LTC3558 11 LTC3566 7, 12 7, 11 12 LTC3677/-3 LTC3576/-1 7, 12 LTC3577/-1/-3/-4 Least 7, 11 LTC3455/-1 Integration/Features Page # LTC3586/-1 Most Part Number B AT T E RY C H A R G I N G S O L U T I O N S – 0.4A BB 400mA 400mA x2 2 – – 3.3V, 25mA 3.3V, 25mA 150mA 2 Sync Buck + Linear Linear Sync Buck + Linear Sync Buck + Linear Linear Linear Sync Buck + Linear Flexible Gain Linear Block for LDO Controller 3.3V, 25mA 3.3V, 25mA 3.3V, 25mA – 1A BB – 1A BB – 2 x 150mA 600mA, – 400mA x2 4 2 x 150mA 600mA, 10-LED 400mA Boost x2 3.3V, 20mA 5 1A BB, 0.8A Boost 400mA x2 5 Li-Ion/Polymer Multifunction Power Management Integrated Circuits (PMICs) Maximum Charge Current (A) Battery Charger/Power Manager PowerPath Topology Onboard Regulators LDO(s) (IOUT) MASTER SELECTOR GUIDES—Multifunction PMICs Input Voltage (V) 42 Lithium-Ion/Polymer B AT T E RY C H A R G I N G S O L U T I O N S μModule Battery Chargers A µModule Power Product simplifies implementation, verification, and manufacturing of complex power circuits by integrating the power function in a compact molded plastic package. LTM8062/A: 32VIN, 2A μModule Power Tracking Battery Charger Features • Complete Battery Charger System 2A µModule Battery Chargers • Input Supply Voltage Regulation Loop for Peak Power Tracking in MPPT (Maximum Peak Power Tracking) Solar Applications • Resistor Programmable Float Voltage Up to 14.4V on the LTM8062 and 18.8V on the LTM8062A • Wide Input Voltage Range: 4.95V to 32V (40V Abs Max) • 9mm × 15mm × 4.32mm LGA Package Applications • Industrial Handheld Instruments • 12V to 24V Automotive and Heavy Equipment • Desktop Cradle Chargers • Solar Power Battery Charging Charge Current vs Battery Voltage Pin Configuration TOP VIEW 2500 CHARGING CURRENT (mA) 2000 BIAS ADJ FAULT CHRG GND 7 NORMAL CHARGING BAT 6 NTC TMR RUN VINREG BANK 2 5 1500 VINA 4 1000 0 BANK 1 3 GND 2 500 PRECONDITION BANK 3 BANK 4 VIN 1 TERMINATION 0 Part Number 1 3 2 BATTERY VOLTAGE (V) Battery Float Voltage (V) A 4 B C D E F G H J K L LGA PACKAGE 77-LEAD (15mm × 9mm × 4.32mm) Input Voltage (V) Charge Current (A) Battery Chemistry Package Type Package Dimensions (mm) µModule Battery Chargers LTM8061 4.1 - 8.4 4.95 - 32 2 Li-Ion, Li-Poly LGA 9 x 15 x 4.3 LTM8062 3.3 - 14.4 4.95 - 32 2 Li-Ion, Li-Poly, Lead Acid, LiFePO4 LGA 9 x 15 x 4.3 LTM8062A 3.3 - 18.8 4.95 - 32 2 Li-Ion, Li-Poly, Lead Acid, LiFePO4 LGA 9 x 15 x 4.3 43 N o t es : S a l es O f f ice s N O RT H AME RI CA NO RT HE A S T U. S . C H IN A K OREA WES TER N U .S. Connecticut Tel: (860) 228-4104 Room 1763, Office Building New Century Hotel No. 6 Southern Road of Capital Gym Haidian District Beijing, China 100044 Tel: +86 (10) 6801-1080 Fax: +86 (10) 6805-4030 Yundang Building, #1002 Samsung-Dong 144-23 Kangnam-Ku Seoul 135-090, Korea Tel: +82 (2) 792-1617 Fax: +82 (2) 792-1619 Unit 09, 14/F, Complex Building No. 88 Shenghe Yi Rd., Hi-Tech Zone Sichuan Province, Chengdu City China 610041 Tel: +86 028-8555 9725 Fax: +86 028-8542 6859 S IN G APORE Unit 1503-04, Metroplaza Tower 2 223 Hing Fong Road Kwai Fong, N.T., Hong Kong Tel: +852 2428-0303 Fax: +852 2348-0885 TAIWAN 2085 E. Technology Cir., Ste. 101 Tempe, AZ 85284 Tel: (480) 777-1600 Fax: (480) 838-1104 7595 Irvine Center Dr., Ste. 120 Irvine, CA 92618 Tel: (949) 453-4650 Fax: (949) 453-4765 11300 W. 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