Eice DR IV ER ™ High voltage gate driver IC E valu atio n B oar d EV AL -1 E DI6 0I1 2A F Applic atio n N ote Revision 1.0, 2014-07-25 Indust rial Po wer C o ntrol Edition 2014-08-05 Published by Infineon Technologies AG 81726 Munich, Germany © 2014 Infineon Technologies AG All Rights Reserved. LEGAL DISCLAIMER THE INFORMATION GIVEN IN THIS APPLICATION NOTE IS GIVEN AS A HINT FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE INFINEON TECHNOLOGIES COMPONENT ONLY AND SHALL NOT BE REGARDED AS ANY DESCRIPTION OR WARRANTY OF A CERTAIN FUNCTIONALITY, CONDITION OR QUALITY OF THE INFINEON TECHNOLOGIES COMPONENT. THE RECIPIENT OF THIS APPLICATION NOTE MUST VERIFY ANY FUNCTION DESCRIBED HEREIN IN THE REAL APPLICATION. INFINEON TECHNOLOGIES HEREBY DISCLAIMS ANY AND ALL WARRANTIES AND LIABILITIES OF ANY KIND (INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION WARRANTIES OF NON-INFRINGEMENT OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS OF ANY THIRD PARTY) WITH RESPECT TO ANY AND ALL INFORMATION GIVEN IN THIS APPLICATION NOTE. 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EiceDRIVER™ Driver IC evaluation board EVAL-1EDI60I12AF Application Note Revision History: 2014-06 Rev.1.0 Page or Item Subjects (major changes since last revision) Revision 1.00 Trademarks of Infineon Technologies AG AURIX™, C166™, CanPAK™, CIPOS™, CIPURSE™, EconoPACK™, CoolMOS™, CoolSET™, CORECONTROL™, CROSSAVE™, DAVE™, DI-POL™, EasyPIM™, EconoBRIDGE™, EconoDUAL™, EconoPIM™, EconoPACK™, EiceDRIVER™, eupec™, FCOS™, HITFET™, HybridPACK™, I²RF™, ISOFACE™, IsoPACK™, MIPAQ™, ModSTACK™, my-d™, NovalithIC™, OptiMOS™, ORIGA™, POWERCODE™, PRIMARION™, PrimePACK™, PrimeSTACK™, PRO-SIL™, PROFET™, RASIC™, ReverSave™, SatRIC™, SIEGET™, SINDRION™, SIPMOS™, SmartLEWIS™, SOLID FLASH™, TEMPFET™, thinQ!™, TRENCHSTOP™, TriCore™. Other Trademarks Advance Design System™ (ADS) of Agilent Technologies, AMBA™, ARM™, MULTI-ICE™, KEIL™, PRIMECELL™, REALVIEW™, THUMB™, µVision™ of ARM Limited, UK. AUTOSAR™ is licensed by AUTOSAR development partnership. Bluetooth™ of Bluetooth SIG Inc. CAT-iq™ of DECT Forum. COLOSSUS™, FirstGPS™ of Trimble Navigation Ltd. EMV™ of EMVCo, LLC (Visa Holdings Inc.). EPCOS™ of Epcos AG. FLEXGO™ of Microsoft Corporation. FlexRay™ is licensed by FlexRay Consortium. HYPERTERMINAL™ of Hilgraeve Incorporated. IEC™ of Commission Electrotechnique Internationale. IrDA™ of Infrared Data Association Corporation. ISO™ of INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION. MATLAB™ of MathWorks, Inc. MAXIM™ of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc. MICROTEC™, NUCLEUS™ of Mentor Graphics Corporation. MIPI™ of MIPI Alliance, Inc. MIPS™ of MIPS Technologies, Inc., USA. muRata™ of MURATA MANUFACTURING CO., MICROWAVE OFFICE™ (MWO) of Applied Wave Research Inc., OmniVision™ of OmniVision Technologies, Inc. Openwave™ Openwave Systems Inc. RED HAT™ Red Hat, Inc. RFMD™ RF Micro Devices, Inc. SIRIUS™ of Sirius Satellite Radio Inc. SOLARIS™ of Sun Microsystems, Inc. SPANSION™ of Spansion LLC Ltd. Symbian™ of Symbian Software Limited. TAIYO YUDEN™ of Taiyo Yuden Co. TEAKLITE™ of CEVA, Inc. TEKTRONIX™ of Tektronix Inc. TOKO™ of TOKO KABUSHIKI KAISHA TA. UNIX™ of X/Open Company Limited. VERILOG™, PALLADIUM™ of Cadence Design Systems, Inc. VLYNQ™ of Texas Instruments Incorporated. VXWORKS™, WIND RIVER™ of WIND RIVER SYSTEMS, INC. ZETEX™ of Diodes Zetex Limited. Last Trademarks Update 2011-11-11 Revision 1.0, 2014-07-25 EiceDRIVER™ Driver IC evaluation board EVAL-1EDI60I12AF Application Note Table of Contents 1 2 2.1 2.2 2.3 3 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 4 5 6 Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 5 Design features ............................................................................................................... 6 Main features ........................................................................................................... 6 Main specifications .................................................................................................. 7 Pin assignment ........................................................................................................ 8 Electrical features............................................................................................................ 9 +5V and +15V supply voltages ................................................................................ 9 Under voltage lockout .............................................................................................. 9 Short circuit detection .............................................................................................. 9 Current sense amplifier ......................................................................................... 11 IGBT turn on / off ................................................................................................ 12 DC-Link capacitors ................................................................................................ 13 Input PWM-Signals ................................................................................................ 14 Separation between input and output side ............................................................ 14 Schematics ................................................................................................................... 15 Layout ........................................................................................................................... 17 Bill of material ............................................................................................................... 18 Application Note 4 Revision 1.0, 2014-07-25 EiceDRIVER™ Driver IC evaluation board EVAL-1EDI60I12AF Application Note Introduction 1 Introduction The gate driver evaluation board EVAL-1EDI60I12AF was developed to demonstrate the functionalities and key features of Infineon’s IGBT gate driver 1EDI60I12AF. The board is available from Infineon in sampling quantities. Main features of this board are described in the datasheet chapter of this document, whereas the remaining paragraphs provide information intended to enable the customer to copy, modify and qualify the design for production, according to their own specific requirements. The design of the EVAL-1EDI60I12AF was performed with respect to the environmental conditions described in this document. The design was tested as described in this document, but not qualified regarding manufacturing, lifetime or over the full range of ambient operating conditions. The boards provided by Infineon are subjected to functional testing only. Due to their purpose Evaluation Boards are not subjected to the same procedures regarding Returned Material Analysis (RMA), Process Change Notification (PCN) and Product Discontinuation (PD) as regular products. The Evaluation Boards are intended for development support only and should not be used directly as reference designs for volume production. See Legal Disclaimer and Warnings for further restrictions on Infineon’s warranty and liability. Application Note 5 Revision 1.0, 2014-07-25 EiceDRIVER™ Driver IC evaluation board EVAL-1EDI60I12AF Application Note Design features Design features 2 This chapter provides an overview of the main features, the main specifications and pin assignments as well as mechanical dimensions. 2.1 Main features Figure 2-1: Top view of the EVAL-1EDI60I12AF The EVAL-1EDI60I12AF contains two Infineon 1EDI60I12AF single channel IGBT gate driver ICs and two Infineon IGBTs IKW50N65F5. The major features of the evaluation board are: Short circuit protection Current measurement Under voltage lock-out Bootstrap functionality for the high side gate driver Possibility of separating input and output side Application Note 6 Revision 1.0, 2014-07-25 EiceDRIVER™ Driver IC evaluation board EVAL-1EDI60I12AF Application Note Design features Status LED Over Current / Ready Control interface Figure 2-2: 2.2 Reset Isolated gate drivers 5V supply input Optocoupler Current amplifier Jumpers to separate input and output side DC-link Capacitors 15V supply input IGBTs 5V voltage regulator PCB overview Main specifications All values listed in the table below are values determined at an ambient temperature of 25°C. Table 2-1 Parameter Description Min. VCC 15V supply 13.2 VDC High voltage supply* IOut,pk Single pulse peak output current IOut,rms RMS output current** fp Switching frequency Note: Please make sure, never to exceed the maximum rated values. Also the be guaranteed when using the board with all parameters at maximum Typ. Max. Unit 15 17.5 V 400 500 V 40 A 10 A 50 100 kHz performance and quality cannot rated values at the same time. * High voltage supply is limited by the IGBTs used and the DC link capacitors. If higher supply voltage is required, these parts should be replaced by parts with a higher voltage rating. The gate drivers are capable of operating up to peak voltage levels of 1200V. However, note that the board’s layout was not tested for voltages exceeding 600V. ** Use of an appropriate heat sink for IGBT devices should be considered in case of continuous operation with currents higher than approximately 2Arms. Application Note 7 Revision 1.0, 2014-07-25 EiceDRIVER™ Driver IC evaluation board EVAL-1EDI60I12AF Application Note Design features 2.3 Pin assignment Table 2-2 summarizes the connections and pins of the board with all references correlated to the overview given in Figure 2-2. Table 2-2 Connector name Pin Position Pin name Description RESET Left terminal Right terminal /RST GND same as X1-B1 same as X1-A16 +5V (VCC1) Right terminal Left terminal +5V GND positive 5V supply 5V power supply necessary if input and output side are separated +15V (VCC2) Left terminal Right terminal +15V GND positive 15V supply A16 B1 B2 B7 GND /RST /FLT IN_T B8 IN_B B16 VCC reference for power supplies and input signals Reset input, 0V for circuit reset Over current output; OC, 0V / 5V non-inverting input high-side IGBT; 0V off; 5V on non-inverting input low-side IGBT; 0V off; 5V on positive 5V supply X1 reference for high voltage supply Power-GND internally connected to GND positive high voltage supply up to 500V referenced to GND_HV GND_HV V+HV HB_OUT Output HV half bridge related to GND_HV C_OUT Output filter bulk capacitors center tap Application Note 8 Revision 1.0, 2014-07-25 EiceDRIVER™ Driver IC evaluation board EVAL-1EDI60I12AF Application Note Electrical features 3 Electrical features 3.1 +5V and +15V supply voltages The driver’s high side voltage has to be supplied externally. The 5V supply voltage, required for on board circuits, is generated internally by an Infineon voltage regulator. The evaluation board does not provide an over voltage supply monitoring, therefore the user has to ensure, that the voltages remain within the correct range. Voltages exceeding the maximum values may lead to damage of the IGBT drivers and other circuitries. The +5V supply is generated on the board by using the Infineon voltage regulator TLE4264G. The regulator is used to supply input as well as output circuits of the evaluation board. In case a complete input to output separation is required, the supply voltage must be provided externally. The availability of the supply voltages is individually indicated for both power supplies via the green status LEDs. For proper operation of the evaluation board, care has to be taken that both power supplies are available and stable. The output part of the high-side gate driver is supplied by bootstrap using an external ultra-fast diode. To ensure that the bootstrap capacitor is charged before the high side IGBT is switched on, the low side IGBT has to be switched on for at least 250µs. 3.2 Under voltage lockout The +15V supply as well as the +5V supply are monitored by the 1EDI60I12AF gate drivers. In case of an under voltage, the driver’s output is switched off until both input voltages are higher than the required thresholds. The thresholds for the +5V supply typically are VCCUV+ = 2.85 V on a positive slope and VCCUV– = 2.75 V on a negative slope. The thresholds for the +15V supply typically are VBSUV+ = 12 V on a positive slope and VBSUV– = 11.1 V on a negative slope. 3.3 Short circuit detection The 1EDI60I12AF evaluation board provides short circuit detection by measuring the voltage drop across a 5mΩ shunt as depicted in Figure 3-1. This voltage drop is compared to a fixed voltage level of 254.5mV by the comparator circuit sketched in Figure 3-2. If the current reaches a value of typ. 50A, a short circuit is detected and the gate driver inputs HIN and LIN are disabled. IN inputs are pulled high which means that PWM signals at IN+ have no effect and the driver outputs are switched off. This state is reported by the OC LED. The OC event is latched by the on-board flip-flop circuit as given in Figure 3-3 and must be reset by switching the RESET signal to ground. As can be seen in Figure 3-2, the fault signal is fed from the output part of the board to the input part utilizing an optocoupler. This allows operating the over-current protection circuit even if the input to output separation of the board is used. Application Note 9 Revision 1.0, 2014-07-25 EiceDRIVER™ Driver IC evaluation board EVAL-1EDI60I12AF Application Note Electrical features Figure 3-1: Shunt - R19- connection in the power circuit Figure 3-2: Over current comparator circuit and Error signaling Figure 3-3: Fault flip-flop latch circuit Application Note 10 Revision 1.0, 2014-07-25 EiceDRIVER™ Driver IC evaluation board EVAL-1EDI60I12AF Application Note Electrical features Figure 3-4 includes the signals of the low-side driver along with current and voltages for the IGBT during short circuit with 20µH inductor connected between HB_OUT and V+HV. VIP_F reached Vcomp_threshold due to over current event VCE_bot Output switched off VCE_bot VGE_b ot VIP_F Vcomp_thersh Iload old VGE_b VIP_ ot F _bot Figure 3-4: Detection signals, IGBT collector current, Gate- and Collector-Emitter voltage during short circuit event The experiment reveals a delay of approximately 2.8µs between the overcurrent detection and the output being switch off. During this delay time, the current continues to rise until the IGBT switches off. Depending on the inductance of the short circuit loop, the current may rise to rather high values which should be considered when using the test board in connection with sensitive loads, respectively other external circuits. 3.4 Current sense amplifier The EVAL-1EDI60I12AF provides an operational amplifier which amplifies the voltage drop across the shunt with a gain of 11. The amplified voltage is available to the user at connector X1 pins A9 and B9. Figure 3-5 holds the schematic details of the amplifier setup. Figure 3-5: Current sense amplifier The amplified voltage as a function of load current results to be: Vcurrent_ amp _ out Rshunt I shunt 11 . Application Note 11 Revision 1.0, 2014-07-25 EiceDRIVER™ Driver IC evaluation board EVAL-1EDI60I12AF Application Note Electrical features The scope plot in Figure 3-6 gives an insight to the amplifier’s output. VCE_bot IC VGE_b ot Figure 3-6: 3.5 Vcurrent_amp_ou IC = 60A t Vcurrent_amp_out = 60A · 5mΩ · 11 =3.3V Current sense amplifier output and corresponding load current IGBT turn on / off The 1EDI60I12AF provides separate driver source output and driver sink output signals. These allow independent control of IGBT turn-on respectively turn-off behavior. It can be seen in Figure 3-1Figure 3-7 that the evaluation board is equipped with independent gate resistors RG1B, RG1T, RG2B and RG2T. The resistors used in default configuration have a value of 27. The values can be modified by the user in order to obtain a required switching behavior. It should be noted that the deviation from the default values may result in increased switching noise or higher switching losses. Examples of switching transients with default gate resistors determined in a double pulse test are depicted in Figure 3-7. Switching sequence with 2 pulses: Supply Input: 400V Switching frequency = 50 kHz Duty cycle = 50% VCE_bot VGE_bot VGE_top Iload Dead time = 1.5 s 500µH inductor connected between HB_OUT and V+HV CH1 VGE_bot 5V/div CH3 VGE_top 5V/div Time 4µs/div Figure 3-7: CH2 VCE_bot 100V/div CH4 Iload 4A/div Example of waveforms during double pulse switching sequence Application Note 12 Revision 1.0, 2014-07-25 EiceDRIVER™ Driver IC evaluation board EVAL-1EDI60I12AF Application Note Electrical features A more detailed view to the transient switching behavior is given in Figure 3-8. Iload VGE_bot VCE_bot VCE_bot VGE_top VGE_top a) Figure 3-8: 3.6 VGE_bot Iload b) Switching transients; a) turning off the low-side IGBT and turning on the high-side IGBT b) vice versa, time scale is 200 ns/div DC-Link capacitors The evaluation board provides a split DC-Link capacitor in order to enable connection of loads which require ac voltages and bi-directional currents. In such a case, the load can be connected between HB_OUT and C_OUT output which enables voltage inversion across the load. An example of possible bi-directional waveforms is displayed in Figure 3-9. It should be noted, that in case of operation with bi-directional currents, the current amplifier output only provides information about the current through the low-side IGBT. In addition to that, the overcurrent protection circuit may not work properly in case of large negative current shifts. In case of symmetrical current waveforms, the overcurrent protection should not be affected but it should be noted that an overcurrent would be detected only on the positive part of the current waveform. Due to the available space, only rather small DC-Link capacitors of 330nF are available on the board. If a larger DC-Link capacity is necessary, it has to be connected to the connectors V+HV, GND_HV and C_OUT externally. Iload VGE_bot Figure 3-9: VCE_bot VGE_top Example of an operation with bi-directional load current Application Note 13 Revision 1.0, 2014-07-25 EiceDRIVER™ Driver IC evaluation board EVAL-1EDI60I12AF Application Note Electrical features 3.7 Input PWM-Signals Figure 3-10: Details of the 1EDI60I12AF gate driver input schematic There is a possibility to use low-pass filters inside the PWM input signals to avoid a turn-on of an IGBT by noise. This feature is not used in this evaluation board due to internal signal filtering of the driver’s inputs which are sufficient in most applications. However, there is the possibility to test this feature by changing the resistors RIN1T, RIN1B and using a suitable capacitance value for the capacitors CIN1T, CIN1B as seen in Figure 3-10. 3.8 Separation between input and output side The 1EDI60I12AF gate driver offers an input to output isolation capability of 1200V. The evaluation board takes advantage of this feature by offering a possibility of input to output separation. This can be done by removing the jumpers marked JP4 on the board as indicated in Figure 3-11. This removes all conductive connections between the input and output side and therefore completely separates the two sides. This procedure also opens the connection between the 5V onboard voltage regulator and the input side circuits. Thus, the +5V for the input side must be supplied from an external, isolated source. In addition to that, the removal of the jumpers opens the connection between the current amplifier output and the connector X1 and therefore the information about the current is not available in case of isolated operation. The overcurrent protection remains functional since the fault signal is fed back to the input side via an optocoupler. It should be noted that in case of operation without this separation and all jumpers in place, the board requires the +15V supply only. Separation between input and output side Optocoupler Jumpers Figure 3-11: Jumpers and optocouplers enabling operation with input to output separation Application Note 14 Revision 1.0, 2014-07-25 EiceDRIVER™ Driver IC evaluation board EVAL-1EDI60I12AF Application Note Schematics 4 Schematics To ease reproduction of the board for further use, Figure 4-1 to Figure 4-7 display the detailed schematic of the evaluation board. Figure 4-1: HV supply input and DC-Link capacitors Figure 4-2: LV Supplies and Reset Input Figure 4-3: 5V voltage regulator and power supply status LEDs Figure 4-4: Communication interface connector X1 Application Note 15 Revision 1.0, 2014-07-25 EiceDRIVER™ Driver IC evaluation board EVAL-1EDI60I12AF Application Note Schematics Figure 4-5: Infineon gate drivers 1EDI60I12AF with necessary external components Figure 4-6: Current sense amplifier and over current comparator Figure 4-7: OC and READY LEDs, FAULT and over current logic Application Note 16 Revision 1.0, 2014-07-25 EiceDRIVER™ Driver IC evaluation board EVAL-1EDI60I12AF Application Note Layout 5 Layout As a basis to start a dedicated development, Figure 5-1 to Figure 5-3 include the layout of the PCB-layers and the component placement view. Figure 5-1: Top-Layer of the EVAL-1EDI60I12AF Layout bottom Figure 5-2: Bottom Layer of the EVAL-1EDI60I12AF Figure 5-3: Top placement view of the EVAL-1EDI60I12AF Application Note 17 Revision 1.0, 2014-07-25 EiceDRIVER™ Driver IC evaluation board EVAL-1EDI60I12AF Application Note Bill of material Bill of material 6 Table 6-1 Part +5V, +15V, RESET GND_HV, HB_OUT,C_OUT, V+HV 5V, 15V OC READY X1 JP1, JP2, JP3 R2B, R2T R1B, R1T R9 R15, R17, R18, RIN1B, RIN1T R8 R1, R2, R6 R13, R14 R10 R3, R4, R5 R12, R16 R11 R7 RL5 RL6 RL1, RL2 RL3, RL4 RG2B, RG2T RG1B, RG1T, RBOOT R19 CIN1B, CIN1T C5, C6 C1B, C1T, C2, C4, C7,C10 C1 C2B, C2T, C8, C9 CGE_B, CGE_T C3 C_BULK_B, C_BULK_T D1 DBOOT IC1, IC2 IC3 IC4 IC5 OK1 IGBT_BTM, IGBT_TOP T1, T2, T3, T4 T5 Application Note Value 22-23-2021 MKDSN1,5/2-5,08 LED_GN LED_RT LED_GE FAB32Q2 JP1 n.a. 0R 820R 1k 3k 3k3 4k7 10k 15k 47k 56k 1M 270R 820R 1k 7k5 3R3 10R R005 n.a. 100pF/10V 100nF/10V 1uF/10V 4u7F/25V n.a. 100uF/16V B32522N6334J BAT165 MURS160 1EDI60I12AF LMV331IDBVTG4 TLE4264G LMV721M5 SFH6186-2 IKW50N65F5 BC848A BCR108W 18 Package 22-23-2021 MKDSN1,5/2-5,08 CHIPLED_0805 CHIPLED_0805 CHIPLED_0805 FAB32Q2 Jumper SMD0603 SMD0603 SMD0603 SMD0603 SMD0603 SMD0603 SMD0603 SMD0603 SMD0603 SMD0603 SMD0603 SMD0603 SMD0805 SMD0805 SMD0805 SMD0805 SMD1206 SMD1206 R2512 SMD0603 SMD0603 SMD0603 SMD0805 SMD1206 SMD1206 EEEFK1C101P 330nF/450V SOD323F SMB SO08 SOT23-5 SOT223 SOT23-5 SMD4-7 TO247BH SOT23 SOT323 Revision 1.0, 2014-07-25 w w w . i n f i n e o n . c o m Published by Infineon Technologies AG