INTERSIL ISL12032

ISL12032
®
Real Time Clock with 50/60 Hz clock and Crystal Backup
Data Sheet
December 14, 2007
Low Power RTC with Battery Backed
SRAM and 50/60 Cycle AC Input and Xtal
Back-up
The ISL12032 device is a low power real time clock with
50/60 AC input for timing synchronization. It also has an
oscillator utilizing an external crystal for timing back-up,
clock/calendar registers, intelligent battery back-up
switching, battery voltage monitor, brownout indicator,
integrated trickle charger for super capacitor, single periodic
or polled alarms, POR supervisory function, and up to 4
Event Detect with time stamp. There are 128 bytes of
battery-backed user SRAM.
The oscillator uses a 50/60 cycle sine wave input, backed by
an external, low-cost, 32.768kHz crystal. The real time clock
tracks time with separate registers for hours, minutes, and
seconds. The calendar registers contain the date, month,
year, and day of the week. The calendar is accurate through
year 2100, with automatic leap year correction and auto
daylight savings correction.
FN6618.0
Features
• 50/60 Cycle AC as a Primary Clock Input for RTC Timing
• Redundant Crystal Clock Input Selectable by User
- Dynamically Switch from AC Clock Input to Crystal in
Case of Power Failure
• Real Time Clock/Calendar
- Tracks Time in Hours, Minutes, Seconds and tenths of a
second
- Day of the Week, Day, Month, and Year
• Auto Daylight Saving Time Correction
- Programmable Forward and Backward Dates
• Security and Event Functions
- Event Detection with Time Stamp
- Stores First and Last Three Event Time Stamps
• Separate FOUT Pin
- 7 Selectable Frequency Outputs
• Dual Alarms with Hardware and Register Indicators
- Hardware Single Event or Pulse Interrupt Mode
• Automatic Backup to Battery or Super Capacitor
- VBAT Operation Down to 1.8V
- 1.0µA Battery Supply Current
Pinout
ISL12032
(14 LD TSSOP)
TOP VIEW
X1
1
14
VDD
X2
2
13
IRQ
VBAT
3
12
GND
4
11
SDA
AC
5
10
ACRDY
LV
6
9
EVIN
7
8
SCL
FOUT
EVDET
• Two Battery Status Monitors with Selectable Levels
- Seven Selectable Voltages for Each Level
- 1st Level, Trip Points from 4.675V to 2.125V
- 2nd Level, Trip Points from 4.125V to 1.875V
• VDD Power Brownout Monitor
- Six Selectable Trip Levels, from 4.675V to 2.295V
• Time Stamp during Power to Battery and Battery to Power
Switchover
• Integrated Trickle Charger
- Four Selectable Charging Rates
• 128 Bytes Battery-Backed User SRAM
• I2C Interface
- 400kHz Data Transfer Rate
• Pb-free (RoHS compliant)
Applications
• Utility Meters
• Control Applications
• Security Related Applications
• Vending Machines
• White Goods
• Consumer Electronics
1
CAUTION: These devices are sensitive to electrostatic discharge; follow proper IC Handling Procedures.
1-888-INTERSIL or 1-888-468-3774 | Intersil (and design) is a registered trademark of Intersil Americas Inc.
Copyright Intersil Americas Inc. 2007. All Rights Reserved
All other trademarks mentioned are the property of their respective owners.
ISL12032
Ordering Information
PART NUMBER
(Note)
PART MARKING
VDD RANGE
TEMP RANGE
(°C)
PACKAGE
(Pb-free)
PKG DWG #
ISL12032IVZ*
12032 IVZ
2.7V to 5.5V
-40 to +85
14 Ld TSSOP
M14.173
*Add “-T” suffix for tape and reel. Please refer to TB347 for details on reel specifications.
NOTE: These Intersil Pb-free plastic packaged products employ special Pb-free material sets; molding compounds/die attach materials and 100%
matte tin plate PLUS ANNEAL - e3 termination finish, which is RoHS compliant and compatible with both SnPb and Pb-free soldering operations.
Intersil Pb-free products are MSL classified at Pb-free peak reflow temperatures that meet or exceed the Pb-free requirements of IPC/JEDEC J
STD-020.
Block Diagram
SDA
BUFFER
SDA
I2C
INTERFACE
SCL
BUFFER
SCL
SECONDS
CONTROL
LOGIC
REGISTERS
MINUTES
HOURS
DAY OF WEEK
X1
CRYSTAL
OSCILLATOR
X2
RTC
DIVIDER
DATE
MONTH
VDD
POR/
LV COMPARE
FREQUENCY
OUT
YEAR
ALARM
VTRIP
CONTROL
REGISTERS
USER
SRAM
SWITCH
INTERNAL
SUPPLY
VBAT
IRQ
FOUT
AC INPUT
BUFFER
AC
LV
AC POWER
QUALITY
EVALUATE
ACRDY
EVDET
EVIN
GND
Functional Pin Descriptions
PIN
NUMBER
SYMBOL
DESCRIPTION
1
X1
The input of an inverting amplifier and is intended to be connected to one pin of an external 32.768kHz quartz crystal.
X1 also can be driven directly from a 32.768kHz source with no crystal connected.
2
X2
The output of an inverting amplifier and is intended to be connected to one pin of an external 32.768kHz quartz crystal.
X2 should be left open when X1 is driven from an external source.
3
VBAT
Battery voltage. This pin provides a backup supply voltage to the device. VBAT supplies power to the device in the
event that the VDD supply fails. This pin should be tied to ground if not used.
4
GND
Ground.
5
AC
AC Input. The AC input pin accepts either 50Hz of 60Hz AC 2.5VP-P sine wave signal.
6
LV
Low Voltage detection output/Brownout Alarm. Open drain active low output.
7
EVIN
8
EVDET
9
FOUT
Event Input - The EVIN is a logic input pin that is used to detect an externally monitored event. When a high signal
is present at the EVIN pin, an “event” is detected.
Event Detect Output. Active when EVIN is triggered. Open Drain active low output.
Frequency Output. Register selectable frequency clock output. CMOS output levels.
2
FN6618.0
December 14, 2007
ISL12032
Functional Pin Descriptions
(Continued)
PIN
NUMBER
SYMBOL
10
ACRDY
11
SDA
Serial Data. SDA is a bi-directional pin used to transfer serial data into and out of the device. It has an open drain
output and may be wire OR’ed with other open drain or open collector outputs.
12
SCL
Serial Clock. The SCL input is used to clock all serial data into and out of the device.
13
IRQ
Interrupt Output. Open Drain active low output. Interrupt output pin to indicate alarm is triggered.
14
VDD
Power supply.
DESCRIPTION
AC Ready. Open Drain output. When High, AC input signal is qualified for timing use.
3
FN6618.0
December 14, 2007
ISL12032
Absolute Maximum Ratings
Thermal Information
Voltage on VDD, VBAT, SCL, SDA, ACRDY, AC, LV, EVDET, EVIN,
IRQ, FOUT pins
(respect to ground) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -0.3V to 6.0V
Voltage on X1 and X2 pins
(respect to ground) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -0.3V to 2.5V
ESD Rating
Human Body Model (Per MIL-STD-883 Method 3014) . . . . .>2kV
Machine Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .>200V
Thermal Resistance (Typical, Note 1)
θJA (°C/W)
14 Ld TSSOP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
120
Storage Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .-65°C to +150°C
Pb-free reflow profile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .see link below
http://www.intersil.com/pbfree/Pb-FreeReflow.asp
Recommended Operating Conditions
Temperature (TA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .-40°C to +85°C
Supply Voltage (VDD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.7V to 5.5V
Supply Voltage (VBAT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.8V to 5.5V
CAUTION: Do not operate at or near the maximum ratings listed for extended periods of time. Exposure to such conditions may adversely impact product reliability and
result in failures not covered by warranty.
NOTE:
1. θJA is measured with the component mounted on a high effective thermal conductivity test board in free air. See Tech Brief TB379 for details.
DC Operating Characteristics
SYMBOL
Specifications apply for: VDD = 2.7 to 5.5V, TA = -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise stated.
PARAMETER
CONDITIONS
MIN
(Note 10)
TYP
(Note 4)
MAX
(Note 10)
UNITS
VDD
Main Power Supply
2.7
5.5
V
VBAT
Battery Supply Voltage
1.8
5.5
V
IDD1
Supply Current
µA
IDD2
Supply Current (I2C communications VDD = 5V
active)
IDD3
Supply Current for Timekeeping
at AC Input
IBAT
Battery Supply Current
IBATLKG
Battery Input Leakage
VDD = 5V, SCL, SDA = VDD
27
60
VDD = 3V, SCL, SDA = VDD
16
45
µA
3
43
75
µA
2, 5
VDD = 5.5V at TA=+25°C,
FOUT disabled
9.0
18.0
µA
2, 3
VBAT = 5.5V at TA=+25°C
1.0
1.8
µA
2, 8
VBAT = 2.7V
0.8
1.2
VBAT = 1.8V
0.7
1.0
µA
100
nA
VDD = 5.5V, VBAT = 1.8V
TRKEN = 0
Input Leakage Current on SCL
1
µA
ILO
I/O Leakage Current on SDA
1
µA
-150
+150
mV
-150
+150
mV
2.4
V
Battery Level Monitor Threshold
VPBM
Brownout Level Monitor Threshold
VTRIP
VBAT Mode Threshold
VDD = 5.5V, VBAT = 1.8V
2.0
2.2
VTRIPHYS
VTRIP Hysteresis
30
mV
VBATHYS
VBAT Hysteresis
50
mV
VDD = 5.5V, VBAT = 3.0V,
TRKR01 = 0, TRKR00 = 0
1300
Ω
VDD = 5.5V, VBAT = 3.0V,
TRKR01 = 0, TRKR00 = 1
2200
Ω
VDD = 5.5V, VBAT = 3.0V,
TRKR01 = 1, TRKR00 = 0
3600
Ω
VDD = 5.5V, VBAT = 3.0V,
TRKR01 = 1, TRKR00 = 1
7800
Ω
VDD 50mV
V
50
mV
RTRK
VTRKTERM
VTRKHYS
Trickle Charge Resistance
VBAT Charging Termination Point
Trickle Charge ON-OFF Hysteresis
4
3
2, 8
ILI
VBATM
NOTES
2, 8
FN6618.0
December 14, 2007
ISL12032
DC Operating Characteristics
SYMBOL
Specifications apply for: VDD = 2.7 to 5.5V, TA = -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise stated. (Continued)
PARAMETER
MAX
(Note 10)
UNITS
VDD = 5V, IOL = 3mA
0.4
V
VDD = 2.7V, IOL = 1mA
0.4
V
0.3 x VDD
V
CONDITIONS
MIN
(Note 10)
TYP
(Note 4)
NOTES
IRQ/ACRDY/LV/EVDET (OPEN DRAIN OUTPUTS)
VOL
Output Low Voltage
FOUT (CMOS OUTPUT)
VOL
Output Low Voltage
VOH
Output High Voltage
IEVPU
EVIN Pull-up Current
IOH = 1mA
0.7 x VDD
V
EVIN
VIL
Input Low Voltage
VIH
Input High Voltage
IEVPD
EVIN Disabled Pull-down Current
VDD = 5.5V, VBAT = 3.0V
1.0
VDD = 0V, VBAT = 1.8V
100
3.0
8.0
µA
600
nA
0.3 x VDD
V
0.7 x VDD
VDD = 5.5V
V
200
nA
Power-Down Timing Specifications apply for: VDD = 2.7 to 5.5V, TA = -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise stated.
SYMBOL
VDD SR-
PARAMETER
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
(Note 10) (Note 4) (Note 10)
VDD Negative Slew Rate
10
UNITS
NOTES
V/ms
6
I2C Interface Specifications Specifications apply for: VDD = 2.7 to 5.5V, TA = -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise stated.
SYMBOL
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
(Note 10)
TYP
(Note 4)
MAX
(Note 10) UNITS
VIL
SDA and SCL Input Buffer LOW
Voltage
-0.3
0.3 x VDD
V
VIH
SDA and SCL Input Buffer HIGH
Voltage
0.7 x VDD
VDD + 0.3
V
SDA and SCL Input Buffer
Hysteresis
0.05 x VDD
Hysteresis
VOL
SDA Output Buffer LOW Voltage,
Sinking 3mA
VDD = 5V, IOL = 3mA
CPIN
SDA and SCL Pin Capacitance
TA = +25°C, f = 1MHz,
VDD = 5V, VIN = 0V,
VOUT = 0V
fSCL
SCL Frequency
V
0.4
10
V
pF
400
kHz
tIN
Pulse Width Suppression Time at
SDA and SCL Inputs
Any pulse narrower than the
max spec is suppressed.
50
ns
tAA
SCL Falling Edge to SDA Output
Data Valid
SCL falling edge crossing
30% of VDD, until SDA exits
the 30% to 70% of VDD
window.
900
ns
tBUF
Time the Bus Must be Free Before SDA crossing 70% of VDD
the Start of a New Transmission
during a STOP condition, to
SDA crossing 70% of VDD
during the following START
condition.
1300
ns
tLOW
Clock LOW Time
Measured at the 30% of VDD
crossing.
1300
ns
tHIGH
Clock HIGH Time
Measured at the 70% of VDD
crossing.
600
ns
5
NOTES
FN6618.0
December 14, 2007
ISL12032
I2C Interface Specifications Specifications apply for: VDD = 2.7 to 5.5V, TA = -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise stated.
(Continued)
SYMBOL
PARAMETER
MIN
(Note 10)
TEST CONDITIONS
TYP
(Note 4)
MAX
(Note 10) UNITS
NOTES
tSU:STA
START Condition Setup Time
SCL rising edge to SDA
falling edge. Both crossing
70% of VDD.
600
ns
tHD:STA
START Condition Hold Time
From SDA falling edge
crossing 30% of VDD to SCL
falling edge crossing 70% of
VDD.
600
ns
tSU:DAT
Input Data Setup Time
From SDA exiting the 30% to
70% of VDD window, to SCL
rising edge crossing 30% of
VDD.
100
ns
tHD:DAT
Input Data Hold Time
From SCL falling edge
crossing 30% of VDD to SDA
entering the 30% to 70% of
VDD window.
0
tSU:STO
STOP Condition Setup Time
From SCL rising edge
crossing 70% of VDD, to SDA
rising edge crossing 30% of
VDD.
600
ns
tHD:STO
STOP Condition Hold Time
From SDA rising edge to
SCL falling edge. Both
crossing 70% of VDD.
600
ns
Output Data Hold Time
From SCL falling edge
crossing 30% of VDD, until
SDA enters the 30% to 70%
of VDD window.
0
ns
tR
SDA and SCL Rise Time
From 30% to 70% of VDD.
20 + 0.1 x Cb
tF
SDA and SCL Fall Time
From 70% to 30% of VDD.
20 + 0.1 x Cb
300
ns
7, 9
Cb
Capacitive loading of SDA or SCL
Total on-chip and off-chip
10
400
pF
7, 9
kΩ
7, 9
tDH
RPU
SDA and SCL Bus Pull-up Resistor Maximum is determined by
Off-chip
tR and tF.
For Cb = 400pF, max is about
2kΩ.
For Cb = 40pF, max is about
15kΩ
900
300
1
ns
ns
7, 9
NOTES:
2. IRQ and FOUT Inactive.
3. VDD > VBAT +VBATHYS
4. Specified at TA =+25°C.
5. FSCL = 400kHz.
6. In order to ensure proper timekeeping, the VDD SR- specification must be followed.
7. Parameter is not 100% tested.
8. VDD = 0V. IBAT increases at VDD voltages between 0.5V and 1.5V.
9. These are I2C specific parameters and are not tested, however, they are used to set conditions for testing devices to validate specification.
10. Parts are 100% tested at +25°C. Over-temperature limits established by characterization and are not production tested.
6
FN6618.0
December 14, 2007
ISL12032
SDA vs SCL Timing
tHIGH
tF
SCL
tLOW
tR
tSU:DAT
tSU:STA
tHD:DAT
tSU:STO
tHD:STA
SDA
(INPUT TIMING)
tAA
tDH
tBUF
SDA
(OUTPUT TIMING)
Symbol Table
WAVEFORM
INPUTS
OUTPUTS
Must be steady
Will be steady
May change
from LOW
to HIGH
Will change
from LOW
to HIGH
May change
from HIGH
to LOW
Will change
from HIGH
to LOW
Don’t Care:
Changes Allowed
Changing:
State Not Known
N/A
Center Line is
High Impedance
EQUIVALENT AC OUTPUT LOAD CIRCUIT FOR VDD = 5V
5.0V
1533Ω
FOR VOL= 0.4V
AND IOL = 3mA
SDA
AND
IRQ/FOUT
100pF
FIGURE 1. STANDARD OUTPUT LOAD FOR TESTING THE
DEVICE WITH VDD = 5.0V
7
FN6618.0
December 14, 2007
ISL12032
General Description
Pin Descriptions
The ISL12032 device is a low power real time clock with
50/60 AC input for timing synchronization. It also has an
oscillator utilizing an external crystal for timing back-up,
clock/calendar registers, intelligent battery back-up
switching, battery voltage monitor, brownout indicator,
integrated trickle charger for super capacitor, single periodic
or polled alarms, POR supervisory function, and up to 4
Event Detect with time stamp. There are 128 bytes of
battery-backed user SRAM.
X1, X2
The oscillator uses a 50/60 cycle sine wave input, backed by
an external, low-cost, 32.768kHz crystal. The real time clock
tracks time with separate registers for hours, minutes, and
seconds. The calendar registers contain the date, month,
year, and day of the week. The calendar is accurate through
year 2100, with automatic leap year correction and auto
daylight savings correction.
The X1 and X2 pins are the input and output, respectively, of
an inverting amplifier. An external 32.768kHz quartz crystal
is used with the device to supply a backup timebase for the
real time clock if there is no AC input. The device also can
be driven directly from a 32.768kHz source at pin X1, in
which case, pin X2 should be left unconnected. No external
load capacitors are needed for the X1 and X2 pins.
X1
X2
FIGURE 2. RECOMMENDED CRYSTAL CONNECTION
The ISL12032’s alarm can be set to any clock/calendar
value for a match. Each alarm’s status is available by
checking the Status Register. The device also can be
configured to provide a hardware interrupt via the IRQ pin.
There is a repeat mode for the alarms allowing a periodic
interrupt every minute, every hour, every day, etc.
VBAT (Battery Input)
The device also offers a backup power input pin. This VBAT
pin allows the device to be backed up by battery or Super
Capacitor with automatic switchover from VDD to VBAT. The
ISL12032 devices are specified for VDD = 2.7V to 5.5V and
the clock/calendar portion of the device remains fully
operational in battery backup mode down to 1.8V (Standby
Mode). The VBAT level is monitored and warnings are
reported against preselected levels. The first report is
registered when the VBAT level falls below 85% of nominal
level, the second level is set for 75% of nominal level.
Battery levels are stored in the PWRBAT registers.
The AC input is the main clock input for the real time clock. It
can be either 50Hz or 60Hz, sine wave. The preferred
amplitude is 2.5VP-P, although amplitudes >0.25VDD are
acceptable. An AC coupled (series capacitor) sine wave
clock waveform is desired as the AC clock input provides DC
biasing.
The ISL12032 offers a “Brownout” alarm once the VDD falls
below a pre-selected trip level. In the ISL12032, this allows
the system microcontroller to save vital information to
memory before complete power loss. There are six VDD trip
levels for the brownout alarm.
The event detection function accepts a normally low logic
input, and when triggered will store the time/date information
for the event. The first event is stored in the memory until
reset; subsequent events are stored on-chip memory and
the last 3 events are retained and accessible by performing
an indexed register read.
This input provides a backup supply voltage to the device.
VBAT supplies power to the device in the event that the VDD
supply fails. This pin can be connected to a battery, a Super
Capacitor or tied to ground if not used.
AC (AC Input)
LV (Low Voltage)
This pin indicates the VDD supply is below the programmed
level. This signal notifies a host processor that the main
supply is low and requests action. It is an open drain active
LOW output.
EVIN (Event Input)
The EVIN pin input detects an externally monitored event.
When a HIGH signal is present at the EVIN pin, an “event” is
detected.This input may be used for various monitoring
functions, such as the opening of a detection switch on a
chassis or door. The event detection circuit can be user
enabled or disabled (see EVIN bit) and provides the option
to be operational in battery backup modes (see EVATB bit).
When the event detection is disabled, the EVIN pin is gated
OFF. See “Functional Pin Descriptions” on page 2 for more
details.
EVDET (Event Detect Output)
The EVDET is an open drain output, which will go low when
an event is detected at the EVIN pin. If the event detection
function is enabled, the EVDET output will go LOW and stay
there until the EVT bit is cleared.
8
FN6618.0
December 14, 2007
ISL12032
IRQ (Interrupt Output)
Battery Backup Mode (VBAT) to Normal Mode
(VDD)
This pin provides an interrupt signal output. This signal
notifies a host processor that an alarm has occurred and
requests action. It is an open drain active LOW output.
The ISL12032 device will switch from the VBAT to VDD
mode when one of the following conditions occurs:
FOUT (Frequency Output)
Condition 1:
This pin outputs a clock signal, which is related to the crystal
frequency. The frequency output is user selectable and
enabled via the I2C bus. The options include seven different
frequencies or disable. It is a CMOS output.
VDD > VBAT + VBATHYS
where VBATHYS ≈ 50mV
Condition 2:
VDD > VTRIP + VTRIPHYS
where VTRIPHYS ≈ 30mV
Serial Clock (SCL)
The SCL input is used to clock all serial data into and out of
the device. The input buffer on this pin is always active (not
gated). It is disabled when the backup power supply on the
VBAT pin is activated to minimize power consumption.
These power control situations are illustrated in Figures 3
and Figure 4.
Serial Data (SDA)
SDA is a bi-directional pin used to transfer data into and out
of the device. It has an open drain output and may be OR’ed
with other open drain or open collector outputs. The input
buffer is always active (not gated) in normal mode.
An open drain output requires the use of a pull-up resistor.
The output circuitry controls the fall time of the output signal
with the use of a slope controlled pull-down. The circuit is
designed for 400kHz I2C interface speeds. It is disabled
when the backup power supply on the VBAT pin is activated.
BATTERY BACKUP
MODE
VDD
VTRIP
2.2V
VBAT
1.8V
VBAT + VBATHYS
VBAT - VBATHYS
FIGURE 3. BATTERY SWITCHOVER WHEN VBAT < VTRIP
VDD, GND
Chip power supply and ground pins. The device will operate
with a power supply from VDD = 2.7V to 5.5VDC. A 0.1µF
capacitor is recommended on the VDD pin to ground.
VDD
Functional Description
VBAT
3.0V
Power Control Operation
VTRIP
2.2V
The power control circuit accepts a VDD and a VBAT input.
Many types of batteries can be used with Intersil RTC
products. For example, 3.0V or 3.6V Lithium batteries are
appropriate, and battery sizes are available that can power
the ISL12032 for up to 10 years. Another option is to use a
Super Capacitor for applications where VDD is interrupted
for up to a month. See the “Application Section” on page 24
for more information.
Normal Mode (VDD) to Battery Backup Mode
(VBAT)
To transition from the VDD to VBAT mode, both of the
following conditions must be met:
Condition 1:
VDD < VBAT - VBATHYS
where VBATHYS ≈ 50mV
Condition 2:
VDD < VTRIP
where VTRIP ≈ 2.2V
9
BATTERY BACKUP
MODE
VTRIP
VTRIP + VTRIPHYS
FIGURE 4. BATTERY SWITCHOVER WHEN VBAT > VTRIP
The I2C bus is normally deactivated in battery backup mode
to reduce power consumption, but can be enabled by setting
the I2CBAT bit. All the other inputs and outputs of the
ISL12032 are active during battery backup mode unless
disabled via the control register.
Power Failure Detection
The ISL12032 provides a Real Time Clock Failure Bit
(RTCF) to detect total power failure. It allows users to
determine if the device has powered up after having lost all
power to the device (both VDD and VBAT very near
0.0VDC). Note that in cases where the VBAT input is at 0.0V
and the VDD input dips to <1.8V, then recovers to normal
level, the SRAM registers may not retain their values
(corrupted bits or bytes may result).
FN6618.0
December 14, 2007
ISL12032
Brownout Detection
The ISL12032 monitors the VDD level continuously and
provides a warning if the VDD level drops below prescribed
levels. There are six levels that can be selected for the trip
level. These values are 85% below popular VDD levels. The
LVDD bit in the SRDC register will be set to “1” when
Brownout is detected. Note that the I2C serial bus remains
active until the Battery VTRIP level is reached.
Battery Level Monitor
The ISL12032 has a built in warning feature once the VBAT
battery level drops first to 85% and then to 75% of the
battery’s nominal VBAT level. When the battery voltage falls
to between 85% and 75%, the LBAT85 bit is set in the SRDC
register. When the level drops below 75%, both LBAT85 and
LBAT75 bits are set in the SRDC register. The trip levels for
the 85% and 75% levels are set using the PWRBAT register.
The Battery Timestamp Function permits recovering the
time/date when VDD power loss occurred. Once the VDD is
low enough to enable switchover to the battery, the RTC
time/date are written into the TSV2B section. If there are
multiple power-down cycles before reading these registers,
the first values stored in these registers will be retained and
ensuing events will be ignored. These registers will hold the
original power-down value until they are cleared by writing
“00h” to each register or setting the CLRTS bit to “1”.
The VDD Timestamp Function permits recovering the
time/date when VDD recovery occurred. Once the VDD is
high enough to enable switchover to VDD, the RTC time/date
are written into the TSB2V register. If there are multiple
power-down cycles before reading these registers, the most
recent event is retained in these registers and the previous
events will be ignored. These registers will hold the original
power-down value until they are cleared by writing “00h” to
each register.
Real Time Clock Operation
The Real Time Clock (RTC) maintains an accurate internal
representation of tenths of a second, second, minute, hour,
day of week, date, month, and year. The RTC also has leapyear correction. The clock also corrects for months having
fewer than 31 days and has a bit that controls 24 hour or
AM/PM format. When the ISL12032 powers up after the loss
of both VDD and VBAT, the clock will not begin incrementing
until at least one byte is written to the clock register.
bit is set, a single read of the SRDC status register will
clear them.
The pulsed interrupt mode (setting the IM bit to “1”) activates
a repetitive or recurring alarm. Hence, once the alarm is set,
the device will continue to output a pulse for each occurring
match of the alarm and present time. The Alarm pulse will
occur as often as every minute (if only the nth second is set)
or as infrequently as once a year (if at least the nth month is
set). During pulsed interrupt mode, the IRQ pin will be pulled
LOW for 250ms and the alarm status bit (ALM0 or ALM1) will
be set to “1”.
The alarm function is not available during battery backup
mode.
Frequency Output Mode
The ISL12032 has the option to provide a clock output signal
using the FOUT CMOS output pin. The frequency output
mode is set by using the FO bits to select 7 possible output
frequency values from 1.0Hz to 32.768kHz, and disable. The
frequency output can be enabled/disabled during battery
backup mode by setting the FOBATB bit to “0”. When the AC
input is qualified (within the parameters of AC qualification)
then the Frequency Output for values 50/60Hz and below
are derived from the AC input clock. Higher frequency FOUT
values are derived from the crystal. If the AC clock input is
not qualified, then all FOUT values are derived from the
crystal.
General Purpose User SRAM
The ISL12032 provides 128 bytes of user SRAM. The SRAM
will continue to operate in battery backup mode. However, it
should be noted that the I2C bus is disabled in battery
backup mode unless enabled by the I2CBAT bit.
I2C Serial Interface
The ISL12032 has an I2C serial bus interface that provides
access to the control and status registers and the user
SRAM. The I2C serial interface is compatible with other
industry I2C serial bus protocols using a bi-directional data
signal (SDA) and a clock signal (SCL).
The I2C bus normally operates down to the VDD trip point
set in the PWRVDD register. It can also operate in battery
backup mode by setting the I2CBAT bit to “1”, in which case
operation will be down to VBAT = 1.8V.
Register Descriptions
Alarm Operation
The alarm mode is enabled via the MSB bit. Single event or
interrupt alarm mode is selected via the IM bit. The standard
alarm allows for alarms of time, date, day of the week,
month, and year. When a time alarm occurs in single event
mode, the IRQ pin will be pulled low and the corresponding
alarm status bit (ALM0 or ALM1) will be set to “1”. The
status bits can be written with a “0” to clear, or if the ARST
10
The battery-backed registers are accessible following an I2C
slave byte of “1101 111x” and reads or writes to addresses
[00h:47h]. The defined addresses and default values are
described in the Table 1. The battery backed general
purpose SRAM has a different slave address (1010 111x), so
it is not possible to read/write that section of memory while
accessing the registers.
FN6618.0
December 14, 2007
ISL12032
REGISTER ACCESS
The contents of the registers can be modified by performing
a byte or a page write operation directly to any register
address.
The registers are divided into 10 sections. They are:
1. Real Time Clock (8 bytes): Address 00h to 07h.
2. Status (2 bytes): Address 08h to 09h.
3. Counter (2 bytes): Address Ah to Bh.
4. Control (9 bytes): 0Ch to 14h.
5. Day Light Saving Time (8 bytes): 15h to 1Ch
6. Alarm 0/1 (12 bytes):1Dh to 28h
7. Time Stamp for Battery Status (5 bytes): Address 29h to
2Dh.
8. Time Stamp for VDD Status (5 bytes): Address 2Eh to
32h.
9. Time Stamp for Event Status (5 bytes):33h to 37h.
Write capability is allowable into the RTC registers (00h to
07h) only when the WRTC bit (bit 6 of address 0Ch) is set to
11
“1”. A multi-byte read or write operation is limited to one
section per operation. Access to another section requires a
new operation. A read or write can begin at any address
within the section.
A register can be read by performing a random read at any
address at any time. This returns the contents of that register
location. Additional registers are read by performing a
sequential read. For the RTC and Alarm registers, the read
instruction latches all clock registers into a buffer, so an
update of the clock does not change the time being read. At
the end of a read, the master supplies a stop condition to
end the operation and free the bus. After a read, the address
remains at the previous address +1 so the user can execute
a current address read and continue reading the next
register.
It is only necessary to set the WRTC bit prior to writing into
the RTC registers. All other registers are completely
accessible without setting the WRTC bit.
FN6618.0
December 14, 2007
ISL12032
TABLE 1. REGISTER MEMORY MAP (X indicates writes to these bits have no effect on the device)
BIT
REG
NAME
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
RANGE
DEFAULT
00h
SC
0
SC22
SC21
SC20
SC13
SC12
SC11
SC10
0 to 59
00h
01h
MN
0
MN22
MN21
MN20
MN13
MN12
MN11
MN10
0 to 59
00h
02h
HR
MIL
0
HR21
HR20
HR13
HR12
HR11
HR10
0 to 23
00h
DT
0
0
DT21
DT20
DT13
DT12
DT11
DT10
1 to 31
01h
MO
0
0
0
MO20
MO13
MO12
MO11
MO10
1 to 12
01h
05h
YR
YR23
YR22
YR21
YR20
YR13
YR12
YR11
YR10
0 to 99
00h
06h
DW
0
0
0
0
0
DW2
DW1
DW0
0 to 6
00h
07h
SS
0
0
0
0
SS3
SS2
SS1
SS0
0 to 9
00h
SRDC
BMODE
DSTADJ
ALM1
ALM0
LVDD
LBAT85
LBAT75
RTCF
N/A
01h
SRAC
X
X
X
XOSCF
X
X
ACFAIL
ACRDY
N/A
00h
ACCNT
AXC7
AXC6
AXXC5
AXC4
AXC3
AXC2
AXC1
AXC0
0 to 127
00h
EVTCNT
EVC7
EVC6
EVC5
EVC4
EVC3
EVC2
EVC1
EVC0
0 to 127
00h
0Ch
INT
ARST
WRTC
IM
X
X
X
ALE1
ALE0
N/A
01h
0Dh
FO
X
X
X
FOBATB
X
FO2
FO1
FO0
N/A
00h
0Eh
EVIC
X
EVBATB
EVIM
EVEN
EHYS1
EHYS0
ESMP1
ESMP0
N/A
00h
0Fh
EVIX
X
X
X
X
X
0
EVIX1
EVIX0
N/A
00h
TRICK
X
X
X
X
X
TRKEN
TRKRO1
TRKRO0
N/A
00h
11h
PWRVDD
CLRTS
X
I2CBAT
LVENB
X
VDDTrip2
VDDTrip1
VDDTrip0
N/A
00h
12h
PWRBAT
X
BHYS
VB85Tp2
VB85Tp1
VB85Tp0
BV75Tp2
VB75Tp1
VB75Tp0
N/A
00h
13h
AC
AC5060
ACENB
ACRP1
ACRP0
ACFP1
ACFP0
ACFC1
ACFC0
N/A
00h
14h
FTR
X
X
X
ACMIN
XDTR3
XDTR2
XDTR1
XDTR0
N/A
00h
15h
DstMoFd
DSTE
0
0
MoFd20
MoFd13
MoFd12
MoFd11
MoFd10
1 to 12
04h
16h
DstDwFd
0
DwFdE
WkFd12
WkFd11
WkFd10
DwFd12
DwFd11
DwFd10
0 to 6
00h
17h
DstDtFd
0
0
DtFd21
DtFd20
DtFd13
DtFd12
DtFd11
DtFd10
1 to 31
01h
DstHrFd
HrFdMIL
0
HrFd21
HrFd20
HrFd13
HrFd12
HrFd11
HrFd10
0 to 23
02h
DstMoRv
0
0
0
MoRv20
MoRv13
MoRv12
MoRv11
MoRv10
1 to 12
10h
1Ah
DstDwRv
0
DwRvE
WkRv12
WkRv11
WkRv10
DwRv12
DwRv11
DwRv10
0 to 6
00h
1Bh
DstDtRv
0
0
DtRv21
DtRv20
DtRv13
DtRv12
DtRv11
DtRv10
1 to 31
01h
1Ch
DstHrRv
HrRvMIL
0
HrRv21
HrRv20
HrRv13
HrRv12
HrRv11
HrRv10
0 to 23
02h
1Dh
SCA0
ESCA0
SCA022
SCA021
SCA020
SCA013
SCA012
SCA011
SCA010
0 to 59
00h
1Eh
MNA0
EMNA0
MNA021
MNA020
MNA013
MNA012
MNA011
MNA011
MNA010
0 to 59
00h
HRA0
EHRA0
0
HRA021
HRA020
HRA013
HRA012
HRA011
HRA010
0 to 23
00h
DTA0
EDTA0
0
DTA021
DTA020
DTA013
DTA012
DTA011
DTA010
1 to 31
01h
21h
MOA0
EMOA0
0
0
MOA020
MOA013
MOA012
MOA011
MOA010
1 to 12
01h
22h
DWA0
EDWA0
0
0
0
0
DWA02
DWA01
DWA00
0 to 6
00h
ADDR SECTION
03h
04h
RTC
08h
09h
Status
0Ah
0Bh
10h
Counter
Control
18h
19h
DSTCR
1Fh
20h
Alarm0
12
FN6618.0
December 14, 2007
ISL12032
TABLE 1. REGISTER MEMORY MAP (X indicates writes to these bits have no effect on the device)
BIT
REG
NAME
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
RANGE
DEFAULT
23h
SCA1
ESCA1
SCA122
SCA121
SCA120
SCA113
SCA112
SCA111
SCA110
0 to 59
00h
24h
MNA1
EMNA1
MNA122
MNA121
MNA120
MNA113
MNA112
MNA111
MNA110
0 to 59
00h
HRA1
EHRA1
0
HRA121
HRA120
HRA113
HRA112
HRA111
HRA110
0 to 23
00h
DTA1
EDTA1
0
DTA121
DTA120
DTA113
DTA112
DTA111
DTA110
1 to 31
01h
27h
MOA1
EMOA1
0
0
MOA120
MOA113
MOA112
MOA111
MOA110
1 to12
01h
28h
DWA1
EDWA1
0
0
0
0
DWA12
DWA11
DWA10
0 to 6
00h
29h
SCVB
X
SCBV22
SCBV21
SCBV20
SCVB13
SCVB12
SCVB11
SCVB10
0 to 59
00h
2Ah
MNVB
X
MNVB22
MNVB21
MNVB20
MNVB13
MNVB12
MNVB11
MNVB10
0 to 59
00h
HRVB
MILVB
X
HRVB21
HRVB20
HRVB13
HRVB12
HRVB11
HRVB10
0 to 23
00h
2Ch
DTVB
X
X
DTVB21
DTVB20
DTVB13
DTVB12
DTVB11
DTVB10
1 to 31
00h
2Dh
MOVB
X
X
X
MOVB20
MOVB13
MOVB12
MOVB11
MOVB10
1 to 12
00h
2Eh
SCBV
X
SCBV22
SCBV21
SCBV20
SCBV13
SCBV12
SCBV11
SCBV10
0 to 59
00h
2Fh
MNBV
X
MNBV22
MNBV21
MNBV20
MNBV13
MNBV12
MNBV11
MNBV10
0 to 59
00h
HRBV
MILBV
X
HRBV21
HRBV20
HRBV13
HRBV12
HRBV11
HRBV10
0 to 23
00h
31h
DTBV
X
X
DTBV21
DTBV20
DTBV13
DTBV12
DTBV11
DTBV10
1 to 31
00h
32h
MOBV
X
X
X
MOBV20
MOBV13
MOBV12
MOBV11
MOBV10
1 to 12
00h
33h
SCT
X
SCT22
SCT21
SCT20
SCT13
SCT12
SCT111
SCT10
0 to 59
00h
34h
MNT
X
MNT22
MNT21
MNT20
MNT13
MNT12
MNT11
MNT10
0 to 59
00h
HRT
MILT
X
HRT21
HRT20
HRT13
HRT12
HRT11
HRT10
0 to 23
00h
36h
DTT
X
X
DTT21
DTT20
DTT13
DTT12
DTT11
DTT10
1 to 31
00h
37h
MOT
X
X
X
MOT20
MOT13
MOT12
MOT11
MOT10
1 to 12
00h
ADDR SECTION
25h
26h
2Bh
30h
35h
Alarm1
TSV2B
TSB2V
TSEVT
Real Time Clock Registers
Addresses [00h to 07h]
RTC REGISTERS (SC, MN, HR, DT, MO, YR, DW, SS)
These registers depict BCD representations of the time. As
such, SC (Seconds) and MN (Minutes) range from 0 to 59, HR
(Hour) can be either 12-hour or 24-hour mode, DT (Date) is 1
to 31, MO (Month) is 1 to 12, YR (Year) is 0 to 99, DW (Day of
the Week) is 0 to 6, and SS (Sub-Second) is 0 to 9. The SubSecond register is read-only and will clear to “0” count each
time there is a write to a register in the RTC section.
The DW register provides a Day of the Week status and uses
three bits DW2 to DW0 to represent the seven days of the
week. The counter advances in the cycle 0-1-2-3-4-5-6-0-12.... The assignment of a numerical value to a specific day of
the week is arbitrary and may be decided by the system
software designer. The default value is defined as “0”.
24 HOUR TIME
If the MIL bit of the HR register is “1”, the RTC uses a
24-hour format. If the MIL bit is “0”, the RTC uses a 12-hour
format and HR21 bit functions as an AM/PM indicator with a
13
“1” representing PM. The clock defaults to 12-hour format
time with HR21 = “0”.
LEAP YEARS
Leap years add the day February 29 and are defined as those
years that are divisible by 4. Years divisible by 100 are not leap
years, unless they are also divisible by 400. This means that
the year 2000 is a leap year and the year 2100 is not. The
ISL12032 does not correct for the leap year in the year 2100.
Status Registers (SR)
Addresses [08h to 09h]
The Status Registers consist of the DC and AC status
registers (see Tables 2 and 3).
Status Register (SRDC)
The Status Register DC is located in the memory map at
address 08h. This is a volatile register that provides status of
RTC failure (RTCF), Battery Level Monitor (LBAT85,
LBAT75), VDD level monitor (LVDD), Alarm0 or Alarm1
trigger, Daylight Saving Time adjustment, and Battery active
mode.
FN6618.0
December 14, 2007
ISL12032
Status Register (SRAC)
TABLE 2. STATUS REGISTER DC (SRDC)
ADDR
08h
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
TABLE 3. STATUS REGISTER AC (SRAC)
0
BMODE DSTADJ ALM1 ALM0 LVDD LBAT85 LBAT75 RTCF
BATTERY ACTIVE MODE (BMODE)
Indicates that the device is operating from the VBAT input. A
“1” indicates Battery Mode and a “0” indicates power from
VDD mode. The I2CBAT bit must be set to “1” and the device
must be in VBAT mode in order for a valid “1” read from this
bit.
ADDR
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
09h
X
X
X
XOSCF
X
X
ACFAIL
ACRDY
The Status Register AC is located in the memory map at
address 09h. This is a volatile register that provides status of
Crystal Failure (XOSCF), AC Failed (ACFAIL) and AC
Ready (ACRDY).
CRYSTAL OSCILLATOR FAIL BIT (XOSCF)
DAYLIGHT SAVING TIME ADJUSTMENT BIT (DSTADJ)
DSTADJ is the Daylight Saving Time Adjustment Bit. It
indicates that daylight saving time adjustment has
happened. The bit will be set to “1” when the Forward DST
event has occured. The bit will stay set until the Reverse
DST event has happened. The bit will also reset to “0” when
the DSTE bit is set to “0” (DST function disabled). The bit
can be forced to “1” with a write to the Status Register. The
default value for DSTADJ is “0”.
ALARM BITS (ALM0 AND ALM1)
These bits announce if an alarm matches the real time clock.
If there is a match, the respective bit is set to “1”. This bit can
be manually reset to “0” by the user or automatically reset by
enabling the auto-reset bit (see ARST bit). A write to this bit in
the SR can only set it to “0”, not “1”. An alarm bit that is set by
an alarm occurring during an SR read operation will remain
set after the read operation is complete.
LOW VDD INDICATOR BIT (LVDD)
Indicates VDD dropped below the pre-selected trip level.
(Brownout Mode). The Trip points for Brownout levels are
selected by three bits VDDTrip2, VDDTrip1 and VDDTrip0 in
the PWRVDD registers.
Indicates Crystal Oscillator has stopped if XOSCF = 1. When
the crystal oscillator has resumed operation, the XOSCF bit
is reset to “0”.
AC FAIL (ACFAIL)
This bit announces the status of the AC input. If ACFAIL = 1,
then the AC input frequency and amplitude qualification
check has failed. ACFAIL is reset to “0” when the AC input
meets the preset requirements (see “AC (AC Input)” on
page 8).
AC READY (ACRDY)
This bit announces the status of the AC input. If ACRDY=1,
then the AC input has passed the qualification parameter
check (as set by ACFC and ACFP bits) for the time
prescribed by ACRP and is used for the RTC clock. When
ACRDY = 0 the AC input failed the qualification
requirements and the crystal oscillator clock is used for the
RTC clock (see “AC (AC Input)” on page 8).
When ACFAIL transitions from “1” to “0” (from failed to pass),
then the timer set by ACRP will determine the delay until
ACRDY transitions from “0” to “1”. ACRDY will be set to “0”
immediately after ACRDY is set to “0” (failed AC input),
indicating the crystal oscillator is the RTC clock.
LOW BATTERY INDICATOR 85% BIT (LBAT85)
Indicates battery level dropped below the pre-selected trip
level (85% of battery voltage). The trip point is set by three
bits: VB85Tp2, VB85Tp1 and VB85Tp0 in the PWRBAT
register.
LOW BATTERY INDICATOR 75% BIT (LBAT75)
Indicates battery level dropped below the pre-selected trip
level (75% of battery voltage). The trip point is set by three
bits: VB75Tp2, VB75Tp1 and VB75Tp0 in the PWRBAT
register.
REAL TIME CLOCK FAIL BIT (RTCF)
This bit is set to a “1” after a total power failure. This is a read
only bit that is set by hardware (internally) when the device
powers up after having lost all power (defined as VDD = 0V
and VBAT = 0V). The bit is set regardless of whether VDD or
VBAT is applied first. The loss of only one of the supplies
does not set the RTCF bit to “1”. The first valid write to the
RTC section after a complete power failure resets the RTCF
bit to “0” (writing one byte is sufficient).
14
Counter Registers
Addresses [0Ah to 0Bh]
These registers will count the number of times AC failure
occurs and the number of times an event occurs. These
registers are 8-bits each and will count up to 255.
AC COUNT (ACCNT)
TABLE 4. AC COUNTER REGISTER (ACCNT)
ADDR
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0Ah
AXC7
AXC6
AXC5
AXC4
AXC3
AXC2
AXC1
AXC0
The ACCNT register increments automatically each time the
AC input switches to the crystal backup. The register is set to
00h on initial power-up. The maximum count is 255, and will
stay at that value until set to zero via an I2C write.
FN6618.0
December 14, 2007
ISL12032
Event Count (EVTCNT)
TABLE 5. EVENT COUNTER REGISTER (EVTCNT)
ADDR
0Bh
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
EVC7 EVC6 EVC5 EVC4 EVC3 EVC2 EVC1 EVC0
The EVTCNT register increments automatically each time an
event occurs. The register is set to 00h on initial power-up.
The maximum count is 255, and will stay at that value until
set to zero via an I2C write.
Performing a write of 00h to this register will clear the
contents of this register and all levels of the TSEVT section.
A clear to this register should be done with care. Write event
index register zero only selects first event time stamp. Write
event count EVNTCNT zero will both clear event counter
and all time stamps.
22h) or the Alarm1 section (23h to 28h). When the IM bit is
cleared to “0”, the alarm will operate in standard mode,
where the IRQ pin will be set LOW until both the
ALM0/ALM1 status bits are cleared to “0”.
ALARM 1 (ALE 1)
This bit enables the Alarm1 function. When ALE1 = “1”, a
match of the RTC section with the Alarm1 section will result
is setting the ALM1 status bit to “1” and the IRQ output LOW.
When set to “0”, the Alarm1 function is disabled.
ALARM 0 (ALE 0)
This bit enables the Alarm0 function. When ALE0 = 1, a
match of the RTC section with the Alarm1 section will result
is setting the ALM0 status bit to “1” and the IRQ output LOW.
When set to “0”, the Alarm0 function is disabled.
Frequency Out Register (FO)
Control Registers
TABLE 7. FREQUENCY OUT REGISTER (FO)
Addresses [0Ch to 14h]
The control registers (INT, FO, EVIC, EVIX, TRICK,
PWRVDD, PWRBAT, AC, and FTR) contain all the bits
necessary to control the parametric functions on the
ISL12032.
TABLE 6. INTERRUPT CONTROL REGISTER (INT)
7
6
5
4
3
2
0Ch
ARST
WRTC
IM
X
X
X
1
7
6
5
4
3
0Dh
X
X
X
FOBATB
X
2
1
0
FO2 FO1 FO0
FREQUENCY OUTPUT AND INTERRUPT BIT (FOBATB)
Interrupt Control Register (INT)
ADDR
ADDR
0
ALE1 ALE0
AUTOMATIC RESET BIT (ARST)
This bit enables/disables the automatic reset of the ALM0,
ALM1, LVDD, LBAT85, and LBAT75 status bits only. When
ARST bit is set to “1”, these status bits are reset to “0” after a
valid read of the SRDC Register (with a valid STOP
condition). When the ARST is cleared to “0”, the user must
manually reset the ALM0, ALM1, LVDD, LBAT85, and
LBAT75 bits.
WRITE RTC ENABLE BIT (WRTC)
The WRTC bit enables or disables write capability into the
RTC Register section. The factory default setting of this bit is
“0”. Upon initialization or power-up, the WRTC must be set
to “1” to enable the RTC. Upon the completion of a valid
write (STOP), the RTC starts counting. The RTC internal
1Hz signal is synchronized to the STOP condition during a
valid write cycle. This bit will remain set until reset to “0” or a
complete power-down occurs (VDD = VBAT = 0.0V)
This bit enables/disables FOUT during battery backup mode
(i.e. VBAT power source active). When the FOBATB is set to
“1” the FOUT pin is disabled during battery backup mode. When
the FOBATB is cleared to “0”, the FOUT pin is enabled during
battery backup mode (default). Note that FOUT is a CMOS
output and needs no pull-up resistor. Note also that battery
current drain will be higher with FOUT enabled in battery
backup mode.
FREQUENCY OUT CONTROL BITS (FO <2:0>)
These bits enable/disable the frequency output function and
select the output frequency at the FOUT pin. See Table 8 for
frequency selection. Note that frequencies from 4096Hz to
32768Hz are derived from the Crystal Oscillator, and the 1.0,
10, and 50/60Hz frequencies are derived from the AC clock
input. The exception to this is when the AC input qualification
has failed, and the crystal oscillator is used for the 1.0Hz
FOUT.
TABLE 8. FREQUENCY SELECTION OF FOUT PIN
FREQUENCY,
FOUT
UNITS
FO2
FO1
FO0
32768
Hz
0
0
0
16372
Hz
0
0
1
8192
Hz
0
1
0
ALARM INTERRUPT MODE BIT (IM)
4096
Hz
0
1
1
This bit enables/disables the interrupt mode of the alarm
function. When the IM bit is set to “1”, the alarms will operate
in the interrupt mode, where an active low pulse width of
250ms will appear at the IRQ pin when the RTC is triggered
by either alarm as defined by the Alarm0 section (1Dh to
50/60
Hz
1
0
0
10
Hz
1
0
1
1
Hz
1
1
0
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ISL12032
Event Detection Register (EVIC)
.
TABLE 9. EVENT DETECTION REGISTER (EVIC)
ADDR
7
0Eh
X
6
5
4
EVBATB EVIM
3
2
1
TABLE 11. EVENT INPUT SAMPLING RATE
ESMP1
ESMP2
SAMPLING RATE
0
0
Always ON
0
1
2 Hz
1
0
1 Hz
1
1
1/4 Hz
0
EVEN EHYS1 EHYS0 ESMP1 ESMP0
EVENT OUTPUT IN BATTERY MODE ENABLE BIT
(EVBATB)
This bit enables/disables the EVDET pin during battery
backup mode (i.e. VBAT pin supply ON). When the EVBATB
is set to “1”, the Event Detect Output is disabled in battery
backup mode. When the EVBATB is cleared to “0”, the Event
Detect output is enabled in battery backup mode. This
feature can be used to save power during battery mode.
Event Index Register (EVIX)
EVENT OUTPUT PULSE MODE (EVIM)
The Event Index Register provides the index for locating an
individual event that has been stored. The Event recording
function allows recalling up to 4 events, although the Event
counting register will count up to 255 events. The 0th
location corresponds to the first event, and the 1st through
3rd locations correspond to the most recent events, with the
3rd location (11b) representing the latest event. Therefore,
setting EVIX to 03h location and reading the TSEVT section
will access the timestamp information for the most recent
(latest) event. Setting this register to another value will allow
reading the corresponding event from the TSEVT section.
This bit controls the EVDET pin output mode. With EVIM = 0,
the output is in normal mode and when an event is triggered,
the output will be set LOW until reset. With EVIM = 1, the
output is in pulse mode and when an event is triggered, the
device will generate a 200ms to 300ms pulse at the EVDET
output.
EVENT DETECT ENABLE (EVEN)
This bit enables/disables the Event Detect function of the
ISL12032. When this bit is set to “1”, the Event Detect is
active. When this bit is cleared to “0”, the Event Detect is
disabled.
EVENT TIME-BASED HYSTERESIS (EHYS1, EHYS0)
These bits set the amount of time-based hysteresis that is
present at the EVIN pin for deglitching the input signal. The
settings vary from 0ms (hysteresis OFF) to 31.25ms (delay
of 31.25ms to check for change of state at the EVIN pin).
The Hysteresis function and the Event Input Sampling
function work independently.
TABLE 10. EVENT TIME-BASED HYSTERESIS
EHSYS1
EHSYS0
TIME (ms)
0
0
0
0
1
3.9
1
0
16.625
1
1
31.25
EVENT INPUT SAMPLING RATE (ESMP)
These bits set the frequency of sampling of the Event Input
(EVIN). The settings include from 1/4Hz (one sample per 4
seconds) to 2Hz (twice a second), 1Hz, or continuous
sampling (Always ON). The less frequent the sampling, the
lower the current drain, which can affect battery current drain
and battery life.
TABLE 12. EVENT INDEX REGISTER (EVIX)
ADDR
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0Fh
X
X
X
X
X
X
EVIX1
EVIX0
EVENT BIT (EVIX <1:0>)
These bits are the Event Counter Register index bits. EVIX1
is the MSB and EVIX0 is the LSB.
Trickle Charge Register (TRICK)
TABLE 13. TRICKLE CHARGE REGISTER (TRICK)
ADDR
7
6
5
4
3
10h
X
X
X
X
X
2
1
0
TRKEN TRKRO1 TRKRO0
The trickle charge function allows charging current to flow
from the VDD supply to the VBAT pin through a selectable
current limiting resistor. Diabling the trickle charge function
removes this connection and isolates the battery from the
VDD supply in the case charging is not necessary or harmful
(as in the case with a lithium coin cell battery). Note that
there is no charging diode in series with the trickle charge
resistor, but a switch network that adds a small series
resistance to the charging resistance.
TRICKLE CHARGE BIT (TRKEN)
This bit enables/disables the trickle charge capability for the
backup battery supply. Setting this bit to “1” will enable the
trickle charge. Resetting this bit to “0” will disable the trickle
charge function and isolate the battery from the VDD supply.
TRICKLE CHARGE RESISTOR (TRKRO<1:0>)
These bits allow the user to change the trickle charge
resistor settings according to the maximum current desired
for the battery or supercapacitor charging.
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December 14, 2007
ISL12032
TABLE 16. VDD TRIP LEVELS
V DD – V BAT
I MAX = --------------------------------R OUT
(EQ. 1)
Where the ROUT is the selected resistor between VDD and
VBAT. Table 14 gives the typical resistor values for VDD = 5V
and VBAT = 3.0V. Note that the resistor value changes with
VDD input voltage and VBAT voltage, as well as with
temperature..
VDDTrip2
VDDTrip1
VDDTrip0
TRIP
VOLTAGE
(V)
0
1
1
3.060
1
0
0
4.250
1
0
1
4.675
TABLE 14. RESISTOR SELECTION REGISTER
TRKRO1
TRKRO0
Rtrk
UNITS
0
0
1300
Ω
0
1
2200
Ω
1
0
3600
Ω
1
1
7800
Ω
Battery Voltage Warning Register (PWRVBAT)
This register controls the trip points for the two VBAT
warnings, with levels set to approximately 85% and 75% of
the nominal battery level.
TABLE 17. BATTERY VOLTAGE WARNING REGISTER
(PWRVBAT)
ADDR
12h
Power Supply Control Register (PWRVDD)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
X BHYS VB85T VB85T VB85T VB75T VB75T VB75T
p2
p1
p0
p2
p1
p0
TABLE 15. POWER SUPPLY CONTROL REGISTER (PWRVDD)
ADDR
7
6
5
4
3
11h
CLRTS
X
I2CBAT
LVENB
X
2
1
0
VDD VDD VDD
Trip2 Trip1 Trip0
CLEAR TIME STAMP BIT (CLRTS)
This bit clears both the Time Stamp VDD to Battery (TSV2B)
and Time Stamp Battery to VDD (TSB2V) sections. The
default setting is “0” which allows normal operation. Setting
CLRTS = 1 performs the clear timestamp register function at
the conclusion of a successful write operation.
I2C IN BATTERY MODE (I2CBAT)
This bit allows I2C operation in battery backup mode (VBAT
powered) when set to “1”. When reset to “0”, the I2C
operation is disabled in battery mode, which results in the
lowest IDD current.
Note that when the I2C operation is desired in VBAT mode,
the SCL and SDA pull-ups must go to the VBAT source for
proper communications. This will result in additional VBAT
current drain (on top of the increased device VBAT current)
during serial communications.
VBAT HYSTERESIS (BHYS)
This bit enables/disables the hysteresis voltage for the
VDD/VBAT switchover. When set to “1”, hysteresis is enabled
and switching to VBAT occurs at approximately 50mV below
the VDD Trip point (set by VDDTrip<2:0>). Switching from
VBAT to VDD power will occur at approximately 50mV above
the VDD trip point.
When set to “0”, there is no hysteresis and switchover will
occur at exactly the VDD trip point. Note that for slow moving
VDD power-down and power-up signals there can be some
extra switching cycles without hysteresis.
BATTERY LEVEL MONITOR TRIP BITS (VB85TP <2:0>)
Three bits selects the first alarm (85% of Nominal VBAT) level
for the battery voltage monitor. There are total of 7 levels that
could be selected for the first warning. Any of the levels could
be selected as the first warning with no reference as to nominal
VBAT voltage level. See Table 18 for typical values.
VDD BROWNOUT TRIP VOLTAGE (VDDTRIP <2:0>)
These bits set the 6 trip levels for the VDD alarm and VBAT
switchover. The LVDD bit in the SRDC is set to “1” when
VDD drops below this preset level. See Table 16.
TABLE 16. VDD TRIP LEVELS
VDDTrip2
VDDTrip1
VDDTrip0
TRIP
VOLTAGE
(V)
0
0
0
2.295
0
0
1
2.550
0
1
0
2.805
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ISL12032
AC RECOVERY PERIOD (ACRP<1:0>)
TABLE 18. VB85T VBAT WARNING LEVELS
VB85Tp2
VB85Tp1
VB85Tp0
BATTERY
ALARM TRIP
LEVEL (V)
0
0
0
2.125
This bit sets the AC clock input validation recovery period.
After the AC input fails validation (ACFAIL = 1), a predefined
period is used to test the frequency and voltage of the AC
clock input. The range is from 2s to 16s.
0
0
1
2.295
TABLE 21. AC RECOVERY PERIOD
0
1
0
2.550
ACRP1
ACRP0
RECOVERY TIME
0
0
2s
0
1
4s
0
1
1
2.805
1
0
0
3.060
1
0
8s
1
0
1
4.250
1
1
16s
1
1
0
4.675
BATTERY LEVEL MONITOR TRIP BITS (VB75TP <2:0>)
Three bits selects the second warning (75% of Nominal VBAT)
level for the battery voltage monitor. There are total of 7 levels
that could be selected for the second monitor. Any of the levels
could be selected as the second alarm with no reference as to
nominal VBAT voltage level. See Table 19 for typical values.
TABLE 19. VB75T VBAT WARNING LEVELS
VB75Tp2
VB75Tp1
VB75Tp0
BATTERY
ALARM TRIP
LEVEL (V)
0
0
0
1.875
0
0
1
2.025
0
1
0
2.250
0
1
1
2.475
1
0
0
2.700
1
0
1
3.750
1
1
0
4.125
AC FAILURE CYCLES (ACFP<1:0>)
These two bits determine how many AC cycles are used for
the AC clock qualification, or to disable the AC clock
qualification. The range is from 1 AC cycle to 12 AC cycles
or disable, and is also dependent on the AC5060 bit setting
(see Table 22). The qualification logic will count the number
of crystal cycles in the chosen AC period, and if the count is
outside the window set by ACFC bits then the ACFAIL signal
is set to “1”.
For example, if 10 cycles are chosen for 50Hz input, then
during those 10 cycles there would need to be exactly 6554
crystal cycles. That number is subtracted from the actual
count during the 10 AC cycles and the absolute value is
compared to the error value set by ACFC. If the error were
10 crystal cycles and ACFC were set to 11b, then the
allowable error would be 20 crystal cycles and the ACFAIL
would be “0”, or qualification has passed. If the actual error
count were 22 cycles then the ACFAIL would be set to “1”,
qualification has failed.
.
TABLE 22. AC FAILURE CYCLES
CYCLE USED for COUNT
AC Register (AC)
AC5060 = 0
TABLE 20. AC REGISTER
ADDR
13h
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
AC5060=1
(Disabled)
This register sets the performance screening for the AC
input.
0
AC5060 ACENB ACRP1 ACRP0 ACFP1 ACFP0 ACFC1 ACFC0
AC 50/60HZ INPUT SELECT (AC5060)
This bit selects either 50Hz or 60Hz powerline AC clock
input frequency. Setting this bit to “0” selects a 60Hz input
(default). Setting this bit to “1” selects a 50Hz input.
AC ENABLE (ACENB)
This bit will enable/disable the AC clock input. Setting this bit
to “0” will enable the AC clock input (default). Setting this bit
to “1” will disable the AC clock input. When the AC input is
disabled, the crystal oscillator becomes the sole source for
RTC and FOUT clocking.
ACFP1
ACFP0
0
0
1
1
0
1
6
5
1
0
12
10
1
1
AC/CRYSTAL FREQUENCY FAILURE CRITERION
(ACFC<1:0>)
These two bits determine the number of crystal cycles used
for the error budget for the AC qualification (see Table 24).
Two of the choices are for a fixed ppm criterion of 1 or 2
crystal cycles in just one AC cycle (independent of the ACFP
setting). The other choices are for 1 or 2 crystal cycles per
AC cycle, but includes the total number of cycles set by the
ACFP.
Using the example given for the ACFP bits previously
mentioned:
AC5060 = 1 (50Hz)
ACFC = 11b (2 xstal cycles/AC cycle)
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December 14, 2007
ISL12032
ACFP = 11b (10 total AC cycles)
TABLE 25. XDTR FREQUENCY COMPENSATION
So the resulting crystal cycle count must be within:
FREQUENCY
COMPENSATION
(ppm)
XDTR3
XDTR2
XDTR1
XDTR0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
10
TABLE 23. AC/CRYSTAL FREQUENCY FAILURE CRITERION
0
0
1
0
20
0
0
1
1
30
0
1
0
0
40
0
1
0
1
50
±(10 AC cycles x 2 crystal cycles/AC cycle) or
± 20 total crystal cycles (error budget) as shown in Table 23.
ACFC1
ACFC0
CRITERION
TOTAL XTAL
CYCLE ERROR
BUDGET
0
0
1 crystal cycle per AC cycle
ACFP x 1
0
1
1
0
60
ACFP x 2
0
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
-10
1
0
1
0
-20
1
0
1
1
-30
1
1
0
0
-40
Fine Trim Compensation Register (FTR)
1
1
0
1
-50
This register (Table 24) provides control of the crystal
oscillator clock compensation and the AC clock input
minimum level detect.
1
1
1
0
-60
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
2 crystal cycle per AC cycle
1
0
1 crystal cycle in all AC
cycles
1
2 crystal cycles in all AC
cycles
2
1
1
DST Control Registers (DSTCR)
TABLE 24. FINE TRM COMPENSATION REGISTER
ADDR
7
6
5
14h
X
X
X
4
3
2
1
0
ACMIN XDTR3 XDTR2 XDTR1 XDTR0
AC MINIMUM (ACMIN)
This bit determines the minimum peak-to-peak voltage level
for the AC clock input as a percentage of the existing VDD
supply. ACMIN = 0 sets the minimum level to 5% x VDD.
ACMIN = 1 sets the minimum level to 10% x VDD.
DIGITAL TRIM REGISTER (XDTR<3:0>)
The digital trim register bits control the amount of trim used
to adjust for the crystal clock error. This trim is accomplished
by adding or subtracting the 32kHz clock in the clock counter
chain to adjust the RTC clock. Calibration can be done by
monitoring the FOUT pin with a frequency counter with the
frequency output set to 1.0Hz, with no AC input.
8 bytes of control registers have been assigned for the
Daylight Savings Time (DST) functions. DST beginning (set
Forward) time is controlled by the registers DstMoFd,
DstDwFd, DstDtFd, and DstHrFd. DST ending time (set
Backward or Reverse) is controlled by DstMoRv, DstDwRv,
DstDtRv and DstHrRv.
Tables 26 and 27 describe the structure and functions of the
DSTCR.
DST FORWARD REGISTERS (15H TO 18H)
DSTE is the DST Enabling Bit located in bit 7 of register 15h
(DstMoFdxx). Set DSTE = 1 will enable the DSTE function.
Upon powering up for the first time (including battery), the
DSTE bit defaults to “0”.
DST forward is controlled by the following DST Registers:
DstMoFd sets the Month that DST starts. The default value
for the DST begin month is April (04h).
DstDwFd sets the Day of the Week that DST starts.
DstDwFdE sets the priority of the Day of the Week over the
Date. For DstDwFdE=1, Day of the week is the priority. Note
that Day of the week counts from 0 to 6, like the RTC
registers. The default for the DST Forward Day of the Week
is Sunday (00h).
DstDtfd controls which Date DST begins. The default value
for DST forward date is on the first date of the month (01h).
DstDtFd is only effective if DstDwFdE = 0.
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ISL12032
DstHrFd controls the hour that DST begins. It includes the
MIL bit, which is in the corresponding RTC register. The RTC
hour and DstHrFd registers need to match formats (Military
or AM/PM) in order for the DST function to work. The default
value for DST hour is 2:00AM (02h). The time is advanced
from 2:00:00AM to 3:00:00AM for this setting.
DST REVERSE REGISTERS (19H TO 1CH)
DST end (reverse) is controlled by the following DST
Registers.
DstMoRv sets the Month that DST ends. The default value
for the DST end month is October (10h).
the Date. For DwRvE = 1, Day of the week is the priority. Note
that Day of the week counts from 0 to 6, like the RTC
registers. The default for DST DwRv end is Sunday (00h).
DstDtRv controls which Date DST ends. The default value
for DST Date Reverse is on the first date of the month. The
DstDtRv is only effective if the DwRvE = 0.
DstHrRv controls the hour that DST ends. It includes the MIL
bit, which is in the corresponding RTC register. The RTC
hour and DstHrRv registers need to match formats (Military
or AM/PM) in order for the DST function to work. The default
value sets the DST end at 2:00AM. The time is set back from
2:00:00AM to 1:00:00AM for this setting.
DstDwRv controls the Day of the Week that DST should end.
The DwRvE bit sets the priority of the Day of the Week over
TABLE 26. DST FORWARD REGISTERS
ADDRESS
FUNCTION
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
15h
Month Forward
DSTE
0
0
MoFd20
MoFd13
MoFd12
MoFd11
MoFd10
16h
Day Forward
0
DwFdE
WkFd12
WkFd11
WkFd10
DwFd12
DwFd11
DwFd10
17h
Date Forward
0
0
DtFd21
DtFd20
DtFd13
DtFd12
DtFd11
DtFd10
18h
Hour Forward
HrFdMIL
0
HrFd21
HrFd20
HrFd13
HrFd12
HrFd11
HrFd10
TABLE 27. DST REVERSE REGISTERS
ADDRESS
NAME
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
19h
Month Reverse
0
0
0
MoRv20
MoRv13
MoRv12
MoRv11
MoRv10
1Ah
Day Reverse
0
DwRvE
WkRv12
WkRv11
WkRv10
DwRv12
DwRv11
DwRv10
1Bh
Date Reverse
0
0
DtRv21
DtRv20
DtRv13
DtRv12
DtRv11
DtRv10
1Ch
Hour Reverse
HrRvMIL
0
HrRv21
HrRv20
HrRv13
HrRv12
HrRv11
HrRv10
ALARM Registers (1Dh to 28h)
The alarm register bytes are set up identical to the RTC
register bytes, except that the MSB of each byte functions as
an enable bit (enable = “1”). These enable bits specify which
alarm registers (seconds, minutes, etc.) are used to make
the comparison. Note that there is no alarm byte for year.
The alarm function works as a comparison between the
alarm registers and the RTC registers. As the RTC
advances, the alarm will be triggered once a match occurs
between the alarm registers and the RTC registers. Any one
alarm register, multiple registers, or all registers can be
enabled for a match.
There are two alarm operation modes: Single Event and
periodic Interrupt Mode:
Single Event Mode is enabled by setting either ALE0 or
ALE1 to 1, then setting bit 7 on any of the Alarm registers
(ESCA... EDWA) to “1”, and setting the IM bit to “0”. This
mode permits a one-time match between the Alarm registers
and the RTC registers. Once this match occurs, the ALM bit
is set to “1” and the IRQ output will be pulled LOW and will
remain LOW until the ALM bit is reset. This can be done
20
manually or by using the auto-reset feature. Since the IRQ
output is shared by both alarms, they both need to be reset
in order for the IRQ output to go HIGH.
Interrupt Mode is enabled by setting either ALE0 or ALE1 to
1, then setting bit 7 on any of the Alarm registers (ESCA...
EDWA) to “1”, and setting the IM bit to “1”. Setting the IM bit
to 1 puts both ALM0 and ALM1 into Interrupt mode. The IRQ
output will now be pulsed each time an alarm occurs (either
AL0 or AL1). This means that once the interrupt mode alarm
is set, it will continue to alarm until it is reset.
To clear a single event alarm, the corresponding ALM0 or
ALM1 bit in the SRDC register must be set to “0” with a write.
Note that if the ARST bit is set to “1” (address 0Ch, bit 7), the
ALM0 and ALM1 bits will automatically be cleared when the
status register is read.
The IRQ output will be set by an alarm match for either
ALM0 or ALM1.
Following are examples of both Single Event and periodic
Interrupt Mode alarms.
FN6618.0
December 14, 2007
ISL12032
Example 1
• Alarm set with single interrupt (IM = ”0”)
• A single alarm will occur on January 1 at 11:30am.
Time Stamp VDD to Battery Registers (TSV2B)
• Set Alarm registers as follows:
ALARM
REGISTER 7
Note that the status register ALM0 bit will be set each time
the alarm is triggered, but does not need to be read or
cleared.
BIT
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
HEX
DESCRIPTION
SCA0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
00h Seconds disabled
MNA0
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
B0h Minutes set to 30,
enabled
HRA0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
91h Hours set to 11,
enabled
DTA0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
81h Date set to 1,
enabled
MOA0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
81h Month set to 1,
enabled
DWA0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
00h Day of week
disabled
After these registers are set, an alarm will be generated when
the RTC advances to exactly 11:30 a.m. on January 1 (after
seconds changes from 59 to 00) by setting the ALM0 bit in the
status register to “1” and also bringing the IRQ output LOW.
Example 2
• Pulsed interrupt once per minute (IM = ”1”)
• Interrupts at one minute intervals when the seconds
register is at 30 seconds.
• Set Alarm registers as follows:
BIT
ALARM
REGISTER 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 HEX
The TSV2B section bytes are identical to the RTC register
section, except they do not extend beyond the Month. The
Time Stamp captures the FIRST VDD to Battery Voltage
transition time, and will not update upon subsequent events,
until cleared (only the first event is captured before clearing).
Set CLRTS = 1 to clear this register (Addr 11h, PWRVDD
register).
Time Stamp Battery to VDD Registers (TSB2V)
The Time Stamp Battery to VDD section bytes are identical
to the RTC section bytes, except they do not extend beyond
Month. The Time Stamp captures the LAST transition of
VBAT to VDD (only the last power up event of a series of
power up/down events is retained). Set CLRTS = 1 to clear
this register (Addr 11h, PWRVDD register).
Time Stamp Event Registers (TSEVT)
The TSEVT section bytes are identical to the RTC section
bytes, except they do not extend beyond the Month. The Time
Stamp captures the first event and the most recent three
events. The first event Time Stamp will not update until cleared.
All 4 Time Stamps are all cleared to “0” when writing the event
counter (0Bh) is set to “0”.
Note: The time stamp registers are cleared to all “0”,
including the month and day, which is different from the RTC
and alarm registers (those registers default to 01h). This is
the indicator that no time stamping has occurred since the
last clear or initial power-up. Once a time stamp occurs,
there will be a non-zero time stamp.
DESCRIPTION
SCA0
1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 B0h Seconds set to 30,
enabled
User Memory Registers (accessed by
using Slave Address 1010111x)
MNA0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00h Minutes disabled
Addresses [00h to 7Fh]
HRA0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00h Hours disabled
DTA0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00h Date disabled
MOA0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00h Month disabled
These registers are 128 bytes of battery-backed user SRAM.
Writes to this section do not need to be proceeded by setting
the WRTC bit.
DWA0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00h Day of week disabled
Once the registers are set, the following waveform will be
seen at IRQ:
RTC AND ALARM REGISTERS ARE BOTH “30s”
60s
FIGURE 5. IRQ WAVEFORM
21
I2C Serial Interface
The ISL12032 supports a bi-directional bus oriented
protocol. The protocol defines any device that sends data
onto the bus as a transmitter and the receiving device as the
receiver. The device controlling the transfer is the master
and the device being controlled is the slave. The master
always initiates data transfers and provides the clock for
both transmit and receive operations. Therefore, the
ISL12032 operates as a slave device in all applications.
All communication over the I2C interface is conducted by
sending the MSB of each byte of data first.
FN6618.0
December 14, 2007
ISL12032
Protocol Conventions
SCL is HIGH (see Figure 6). A STOP condition at the end of
a read operation or at the end of a write operation to memory
only places the device in its standby mode.
Data states on the SDA line can change only during SCL
LOW periods. SDA state changes during SCL HIGH are
reserved for indicating START and STOP conditions (see
Figure 6). On power up of the ISL12032, the SDA pin is in
the input mode.
An acknowledge (ACK) is a software convention used to
indicate a successful data transfer. The transmitting device,
either master or slave, releases the SDA bus after
transmitting eight bits. During the ninth clock cycle, the
receiver pulls the SDA line LOW to acknowledge the
reception of the eight bits of data (See Figure 7).
All I2C interface operations must begin with a START
condition, which is a HIGH to LOW transition of SDA while
SCL is HIGH. The ISL12032 continuously monitors the SDA
and SCL lines for the START condition and does not
respond to any command until this condition is met (see
Figure 6). A START condition is ignored during the power-up
sequence.
The ISL12032 responds with an ACK after recognition of a
START condition followed by a valid Identification Byte, and
once again after successful receipt of an Address Byte. The
ISL12032 also responds with an ACK after receiving a Data
Byte of a write operation. The master must respond with an
ACK after receiving a Data Byte of a read operation.
All I2C interface operations must be terminated by a STOP
condition, which is a LOW to HIGH transition of SDA while
SCL
SDA
DATA
STABLE
START
DATA
CHANGE
DATA
STABLE
STOP
FIGURE 6. VALID DATA CHANGES, START AND STOP CONDITIONS
SCL FROM
MASTER
1
8
9
SDA OUTPUT FROM
TRANSMITTER
HIGH IMPEDANCE
HIGH IMPEDANCE
SDA OUTPUT FROM
RECEIVER
START
ACK
FIGURE 7. ACKNOWLEDGE RESPONSE FROM RECEIVER
WRITE
SIGNALS FROM
THE MASTER
SIGNAL AT SDA
SIGNALS FROM
THE ISL12032
S
T
A
R
T
ADDRESS
BYTE
IDENTIFICATION
BYTE
1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0
S
T
O
P
DATA
BYTE
0 0 0 0
A
C
K
A
C
K
A
C
K
FIGURE 8. BYTE WRITE SEQUENCE (SLAVE ADDRESS FOR CSR SHOWN)
22
FN6618.0
December 14, 2007
ISL12032
Device Addressing
Write Operation
Following a start condition, the master must output a Slave
Address Byte. The 7 MSBs are the device identifier. These bits
are “1101111b” for the RTC registers and “1010111b” for the
User SRAM.
A Write operation requires a START condition, followed by a
valid Identification Byte, a valid Address Byte, a Data Byte,
and a STOP condition. After each of the three bytes, the
ISL12032 responds with an ACK. At this time, the I2C
interface enters a standby state.
The last bit of the Slave Address Byte defines a read or write
operation to be performed. When this R/W bit is a “1”, then a
read operation is selected. A “0” selects a write operation
(refer to Figure 9).
After loading the entire Slave Address Byte from the SDA bus,
the ISL12032 compares the device identifier and device select
bits with “1101111b” or “1010111b”. Upon a correct compare,
the device outputs an acknowledge on the SDA line.
Following the Slave Byte is a one byte word address. The word
address is either supplied by the master device or obtained
from an internal counter. On power up the internal address
counter is set to address 00h, so a current address read starts
at address 00h. When required, as part of a random read, the
master must supply the 1 Word Address Byte as shown in
Figure 9.
In a random read operation, the slave byte in the “dummy write”
portion must match the slave byte in the “read” section. For a
random read of the Control/Status Registers, the slave byte
must be “1101111x” in both places.
R/W
SLAVE
ADDRESS BYTE
A1
A0
WORD ADDRESS
D1
D0
DATA BYTE
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
A7
A6
A5
A4
A3
A2
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
FIGURE 9. SLAVE ADDRESS, WORD ADDRESS, AND DATA
BYTES
SIGNALS
FROM THE
MASTER
S
T
A
R
T
SIGNAL AT
SDA
IDENTIFICATION
BYTE WITH
R/W=0
Read Operation
A Read operation consists of a three byte instruction
followed by one or more Data Bytes (See Figure 10). The
master initiates the operation issuing the following
sequence: a START, the Identification byte with the RW bit
set to “0”, an Address Byte, a second START, and a second
Identification byte with the RW bit set to “1”. After each of the
three bytes, the ISL12032 responds with an ACK. Then the
ISL12032 transmits Data Bytes as long as the master
responds with an ACK during the SCL cycle following the
eighth bit of each byte. The master terminates the read
operation (issuing a STOP condition) following the last bit of
the last Data Byte (see Figure 10).
The Data Bytes are from the memory location indicated by
an internal pointer. This pointers initial value is determined
by the Address Byte in the Read operation instruction, and
increments by one during transmission of each Data Byte.
After reaching the last memory location in a section or page,
the master should issue a STOP. Bytes that are read at
addresses higher than the last address in a section may be
erroneous.
S
T IDENTIFICATION
A
BYTE WITH
R
R/W = 1
T
ADDRESS
BYTE
A
C
K
S
T
O
P
A
C
K
1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1
1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0
A
C
K
SIGNALS FROM
THE SLAVE
A multiple byte operation within a page is permitted. The
Address Byte must have the start address, and the data
bytes are sent in sequence after the address byte, with the
ISL12032 sending an ACK after each byte. The page write is
terminated with a STOP condition from the master. The
pages within the ISL12032 do not support wrapping around
for page read or write operations.
A
C
K
A
C
K
FIRST READ
DATA BYTE
LAST READ
DATA BYTE
FIGURE 10. READ SEQUENCE (CSR SLAVE ADDRESS SHOWN)
23
FN6618.0
December 14, 2007
ISL12032
Application Section
and VDD pins can be treated as a ground, and should be
routed around the crystal.
Oscillator Crystal Requirements
The ISL12032 uses a standard 32.768kHz crystal. Either
through hole or surface mount crystals can be used.
Table 28 lists some recommended surface mount crystals
and the parameters of each. This list is not exhaustive and
other surface mount devices can be used with the ISL12032
if their specifications are very similar to the devices listed.
The crystal should have a required parallel load capacitance
of 12.5pF and an equivalent series resistance of less than
50kΩ. The crystal’s temperature range specification should
match the application. Many crystals are rated for -10°C to
+60°C (especially through hole and tuning fork types), so an
appropriate crystal should be selected if extended
temperature range is required.
TABLE 28. SUGGESTED SURFACE MOUNT CRYSTALS
MANUFACTURER
PART NUMBER
Citizen
CM200S
Epson
MC-405, MC-406
Raltron
RSM-200S
SaRonix
32S12
Ecliptek
ECPSM29T-32.768K
ECS
ECX-306
Fox
FSM-327
AC Input Circuits
The AC input ideally will have a 2.5VP-P sine wave at the
input, so this is the target for any signal conditioning circuitry
for the 50/60Hz waveform. Note that the peak-to-peak
amplitude can range from 1VP-P up to VDD, although it is
best to keep the max signal level just below VDD. The AC
input provides DC offset so AC coupling with a series
capacitor is advised.
If the AC power supply has a transformer, the secondary
output can be used for clocking with a resistor divider and
series AC coupling capacitor. A sample circuit is shown in
Figure 12. Values for R1/R2 are chosen depending on the
peak-to-peak range on the secondary voltage in order to
match the input of the ISL12032. CIN can be sized to pass
up to 300Hz or so, and in most cases, 0.47µF should be the
selected value for a ±20% tolerance device.
The AC input to the IS12032 can be damaged if subjected to
a normal AC waveform when VDD is powered down. this can
happen in circuits where there is a local LDO or power
switch for placing circuitry in standby, while the AC main is
still switched ON. Figure 11 shows a modified version of the
Figure 12 circuit, which uses an emitter follower to
essentially turn off the AC input waveform if the VDD supply
goes down.
Using the ISL12032 with No AC Input
Layout Considerations
The crystal input at X1 has a very high impedance, and
oscillator circuits operating at low frequencies (such as
32.768kHz) are known to pick up noise very easily if layout
precautions are not followed. Most instances of erratic
clocking or large accuracy errors can be traced to the
susceptibility of the oscillator circuit to interference from
adjacent high speed clock or data lines. Careful layout of the
RTC circuit will avoid noise pickup and ensure accurate
clocking.
Two main precautions for crystal PC board layout should be
followed:
Some applications may need all the features of the
ISL12032 but do not have access to the power line AC clock,
or do not need the accuracy provided by that clock. In these
cases there is no problem using the crystal oscillator as the
primary clock source for the device.
The user must simply set the ACENB bit in register 13h to
“1”, which disables the AC input pin and forces the device to
use the crystal oscillator exclusively for the RTC and FOUT
clock source. Setting this bit to “1” also will cause the
ACRDY bit in the SRAC register to be set to “1”, indicating
that there can be no fault with the AC input clock since it is
not used.
1. Do not run the serial bus lines or any high speed logic
lines in the vicinity of the crystal. These logic level lines
can induce noise in the oscillator circuit to cause
misclocking.
2. Add a ground trace around the crystal with one end
terminated at the chip ground. This will provide
termination for emitted noise in the vicinity of the RTC
device.
In addition, it is a good idea to avoid a ground plane under
the X1 and X2 pins and the crystal, as this will affect the load
capacitance and therefore the oscillator accuracy of the
circuit. If the FOUT pin is used as a clock, it should be routed
away from the RTC device as well. The traces for the VBAT
24
FN6618.0
December 14, 2007
ISL12032
VIN (AC) = 1.5VP-P to VDD (MAX)
CIN
R1
120VAC
ISL12032
R2
50/60Hz
FIGURE 11. AC INPUT USING A TRANSFORMER SECONDARY
VIN (AC) = 1.5VP-P to VDD (MAX)
VDD
R1
C1
CIN
120VAC
50/60Hz
R2
ISL12032
FIGURE 12. USING THE VDD SUPPLY TO GATE THE AC INPUT
.
25
FN6618.0
December 14, 2007
ISL12032
Thin Shrink Small Outline Plastic Packages (TSSOP)
N
INDEX
AREA
E
0.25(0.010) M
E1
2
INCHES
SYMBOL
3
0.05(0.002)
-A-
14 LEAD THIN SHRINK SMALL OUTLINE PLASTIC
PACKAGE
GAUGE
PLANE
-B1
M14.173
B M
0.25
0.010
SEATING PLANE
L
A
D
-C-
α
e
A1
b
A2
c
0.10(0.004)
0.10(0.004) M
C A M
B S
NOTES:
1. These package dimensions are within allowable dimensions of
JEDEC MO-153-AC, Issue E.
MIN
MAX
MILLIMETERS
MIN
MAX
NOTES
A
-
0.047
-
1.20
-
A1
0.002
0.006
0.05
0.15
-
A2
0.031
0.041
0.80
1.05
-
b
0.0075
0.0118
0.19
0.30
9
c
0.0035
0.0079
0.09
0.20
-
D
0.195
0.199
4.95
5.05
3
E1
0.169
0.177
4.30
4.50
4
e
0.026 BSC
0.65 BSC
-
E
0.246
0.256
6.25
6.50
-
L
0.0177
0.0295
0.45
0.75
6
8o
0o
N
α
14
0o
14
7
8o
2. Dimensioning and tolerancing per ANSI Y14.5M-1982.
Rev. 2 4/06
3. Dimension “D” does not include mold flash, protrusions or gate burrs.
Mold flash, protrusion and gate burrs shall not exceed 0.15mm
(0.006 inch) per side.
4. Dimension “E1” does not include interlead flash or protrusions. Interlead flash and protrusions shall not exceed 0.15mm (0.006 inch) per
side.
5. The chamfer on the body is optional. If it is not present, a visual index
feature must be located within the crosshatched area.
6. “L” is the length of terminal for soldering to a substrate.
7. “N” is the number of terminal positions.
8. Terminal numbers are shown for reference only.
9. Dimension “b” does not include dambar protrusion. Allowable dambar
protrusion shall be 0.08mm (0.003 inch) total in excess of “b” dimension at maximum material condition. Minimum space between protrusion and adjacent lead is 0.07mm (0.0027 inch).
10. Controlling dimension: MILLIMETER. Converted inch dimensions
are not necessarily exact. (Angles in degrees)
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Intersil products are sold by description only. Intersil Corporation reserves the right to make changes in circuit design, software and/or specifications at any time without
notice. Accordingly, the reader is cautioned to verify that data sheets are current before placing orders. Information furnished by Intersil is believed to be accurate and
reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Intersil or its subsidiaries for its use; nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties which may result
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26
FN6618.0
December 14, 2007