NCP4304A, NCP4304B Secondary Side Synchronous Rectification Driver for High Efficiency SMPS Topologies The NCP4304A/B is a full featured controller and driver tailored to control synchronous rectification circuitry in switch mode power supplies. Due to its versatility, it can be used in various topologies such as flyback, forward and Half Bridge Resonant LLC. The combination of externally adjustable minimum on and off times helps to fight the ringing induced by the PCB layout and other parasitic elements. Therefore, a reliable and noise less operation of the SR system is insured. The extremely low turn off delay time, high sink current capability of the driver and automatic package parasitic inductance compensation system allow to maximize synchronous rectification MOSFET conduction time that enables further increase of SMPS efficiency. Finally, a wide operating VCC range combined with two versions of driver voltage clamp eases implementation of the SR system in 24 V output applications. Features • Self-Contained Control of Synchronous Rectifier in CCM, DCM, • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • and QR Flyback Applications Precise True Secondary Zero Current Detection with Adjustable Threshold Automatic Parasitic Inductance Compensation Input Typically 40 ns Turn off Delay from Current Sense Input to Driver Zero Current Detection Pin Capability up to 200 V Optional Ultrafast Trigger Interface for Further Improved Performance in Applications that Work in Deep CCM Disable Input to Enter Standby or Low Consumption Mode Adjustable Minimum On Time Independent of VCC Level Adjustable Minimum Off Time Independent of VCC Level 5 A/2.5 A Peak Current Sink/Source Drive Capability Operating Voltage Range up to 30 V Gate Drive Clamp of Either 12 V (NCP4304A) or 6 V (NCP4304B) Low Startup and Standby Current Consumption Maximum Frequency of Operation up to 500 kHz SOIC−8 Package These are Pb−Free Devices www.onsemi.com 8 1 1 DFN8 MN SUFFIX CASE 488AF SOIC−8 D SUFFIX CASE 751 MARKING DIAGRAMS 8 4304x ALYW G G NCP 4304x ALYWG G SOIC−8 DFN8 1 4304x A L Y W G = Specific Device Code x = A or B = Assembly Location = Wafer Lot = Year = Work Week = Pb−Free Package (*Note: Microdot may be in either location) PINOUT INFORMATION VCC MIN_TOFF MIN_TON TRIG/DIS Notebook Adapters High Power Density AC/DC Power Supplies Gaming Consoles All SMPS with High Efficiency Requirements © Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2016 March, 2016 − Rev. 6 8 7 6 5 DRV GND COMP CS (NOTE: For DFN the exposed pad must be either unconnected or preferably connected to ground. The GND pin must be always connected to ground.) ORDERING INFORMATION Package Shipping† NCP4304ADR2G SOIC−8 (Pb−Free) 2,500 / Tape & Reel NCP4304BDR2G SOIC−8 (Pb−Free) 2,500 / Tape & Reel NCP4304AMNTWG DFN8 (Pb−Free) 4,000 / Tape & Reel NCP4304BMNTWG DFN8 (Pb−Free) 4,000 / Tape & Reel Device Typical Applications • • • • 1 2 3 4 †For information on tape and reel specifications, including part orientation and tape sizes, please refer to our Tape and Reel Packaging Specifications Brochure, BRD8011/D. 1 Publication Order Number: NCP4304/D NCP4304A, NCP4304B NCP4304 RMIN_TOFF RMIN_TON C2 VCC DRV MIN_TOFF GND MIN_TON COMP TRIG/DIS CS +Vbulk +Vout TR1 M1 M3 N2 + C4 LLC STAGE CONTROL RTN N1 M2 N3 M4 C1 NCP4304 RMIN_TOFF RMIN_TON C3 DRV VCC GND MIN_TOFF MIN_TON COMP CS TRIG/DIS D1 OK1 Figure 1. Typical Application Example – LLC Converter Vbulk TR1 + C1 R1 C2 +Vout D3 VCC + C3 FLYBACK CONTROL CIRCUITRY C5 D4 GND C4 DRV FB + M2 M1 RMIN_TOFF R3 CS R2 R5 R4 RMIN_TON VCC DRV MIN_TOFF GND MIN_TON COMP TRIG/DIS CS D5 OK1 R6 Figure 2. Typical Application Example − DCM or QR Flyback Converter www.onsemi.com 2 NCP4304A, NCP4304B PIN FUNCTION DESCRIPTION Pin No. Pin Name Function 1 VCC Supplies the driver Pin Description 2 MIN_TOFF Minimum off time adjust Adjust the minimum off time period by connecting resistor to ground. 3 MIN_TON Minimum on time adjust Adjust the minimum on time period by connecting resistor to ground. 4 TRIG/DIS Forced reset input This ultrafast input turns off the SR MOSFET in CCM applications. Activates sleep mode if pulled up for more than 100 ms. 5 CS Current sense of the SR MOSFET This pin detects if the current flows through the SR MOSFET and/or its body diode. Basic turn off detection threshold is 0 mV. A resistor in series with this pin can modify the turn off threshold if needed. 6 COMP Compensation inductance connection 7 GND IC ground 8 DRV Gate driver output Supply terminal of the controller. Accepts up to 30 V continuously. Use as a Kelvin connection to auxiliary compensation inductance. If SR MOSFET package parasitic inductance compensation is not used (like for SMT MOSFETs), connect this pin directly to GND pin. Ground connection for the SR MOSFET driver and VCC decoupling capacitor. Ground connection for minimum ton, toff adjust resistors and trigger input. GND pin should be wired directly to the SR MOSFET source terminal/soldering point using Kelvin connection. Driver output for the SR MOSFET. VDD toff_min Generator Start Enable SET MINIMUM OFF TIME GENERATOR MIN_TOFF VDD 100 mA & ZCD SET DETECTION CS & COMPENSATION CS Blanking of CS during toff_min, ton_min ZCD Reset & & S Q R Q DRV Out DRIVER DRV OR COMP 1k5 MINIMUM ON TIME GENERATOR MIN_TON DRV Set Enable DRV Reset Enable RESET VDD VCC MANAGEMENT UVLO VCC ton_min Generator Start TIMER VDD Sleep Mode 100 ms INV One shot ZCD Reset TRIG/DIS GND S Q R Q & 10 mA OR INV VTH = 2 V Trigger Blanking 120 ns during DRV rising edge INV One shot 120 ns Figure 3. Internal Circuit Architecture www.onsemi.com 3 NCP4304A, NCP4304B MAXIMUM RATINGS Symbol Rating Value Unit VCC IC Supply Voltage −0.3 to 30 V VDRV Driver Output Voltage −0.3 to 17 V VCS Current Sense Input dc Voltage −4 to 200 V Current Sense Input Dynamic Voltage (tpw = 200 ns) −10 to 200 V Trigger Input Voltage −0.3 to 10 V VCsdyn VTRIG/DIS VMIN_TON, VMIN_TOFF MIN_TON and MIN_TOFF Input Voltage IMIN_TON, IMIN_TOFF VCOMP VCOMP_dyn −0.3 to 10 V −10 to +10 mA Static Voltage Difference between COMP and GND Pins (Internally Clamped) −3 to 10 V Dynamic Voltage Difference between COMP and GND Pins (tpw = 200 ns) −10 to 10 V MIN_TON and MIN_TOFF Current ICOMP Current into COMP Pin −5 to 5 mA RqJA Thermal Resistance Junction-to-Air, SOIC − A/B Versions 180 °C/W RqJA Thermal Resistance Junction-to-Air, DFN − A/B Versions, 50 mm2 − 1.0 oz. Copper Spreader 180 °C/W RqJA Thermal Resistance Junction-to-Air, DFN − A/B Versions, 600 mm2 − 1.0 oz. Copper Spreader 80 °C/W 150 °C −60 to +150 °C TJmax Maximum Junction Temperature TSmax Storage Temperature Range TLmax Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10 s) ESD Capability, Human Body Model except Pin VCS – Pin 5, HBM ESD Capability on Pin 5 is 650 V per JEDEC Standard JESD22−A114E ESD Capability, Machine Model per JEDEC Standard JESD22−A115−A 300 °C 2 kV 200 V Stresses exceeding those listed in the Maximum Ratings table may damage the device. If any of these limits are exceeded, device functionality should not be assumed, damage may occur and reliability may be affected. 1. This device meets latchup tests defined by JEDEC Standard JESD78. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (For typical values TJ = 25°C, for min/max values TJ = −40°C to +125°C, VCC = 12 V, CDRV = 0 nF, RMIN_TON = RMIN_TOFF = 10 kW, VTRIG/DIS = 0 V, fCS = 100 kHz, DCCS = 50%, VCS_high = 4 V, VCS_low = −1 V unless otherwise noted) Symbol Rating Pin Min Typ Max Unit SUPPLY SECTION VCC_on Turn-on threshold level (VCC going up) 1 9.3 9.9 10.5 V VCC_off Minimum operating voltage after turn-on (VCC going down) 1 8.3 8.9 9.5 V VCC hysteresis 1 0.6 1.0 1.4 V ICC1_A ICC1_B Internal IC consumption (no output load on pin 8, fSW = 500 kHz, ton_min = 500 ns, toff_min = 620 ns) 1 − − 4.5 4.0 6.6 6.2 mA ICC2_A ICC2_B Internal IC consumption (CDRV = 1 nF on pin 8, fSW = 400 kHz, ton_min = 500 ns, toff_min = 620 ns) 1 − − 9.0 6.5 12 9 mA ICC3_A ICC3_B Internal IC consumption (CDRV = 10 nF on pin 8, fSW = 400 kHz, ton_min = 500 ns, toff_min = 620 ns) 1 − − 57.0 35.0 80 65 mA ICC_StartUp Startup current consumption (VCC = VCC_on − 0.1 V, no switching at CS pin) 1 − 35 75 mA ICC_Disable_1 Current consumption during disable mode (No switching at CS pin, VTRIG/DIS = 5 V) 1 − 45 90 mA ICC_Disable_2 Current consumption during disable mode (CS pin is switching, fSW = 500 kHz, VCS_high = 4 V, VCS_low =−1 V, VTRIG/DIS = 5 V) 1 − 200 330 mA tr_A Output voltage rise-time for A version (CDRV = 10 nF) 8 − 120 − ns tr_B Output voltage rise-time for B version (CDRV = 10 nF) 8 − 80 − ns tf_A Output voltage fall-time for A version (CDRV = 10 nF) 8 − 50 − ns tf_B Output voltage fall-time for B version (CDRV = 10 nF) 8 − 35 − ns Roh Driver source resistance (Note 1) 8 − 1.8 7 W Rol Driver sink resistance 8 − 1 2 W VCC_hyste DRIVE OUTPUT www.onsemi.com 4 NCP4304A, NCP4304B ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) (For typical values TJ = 25°C, for min/max values TJ = −40°C to +125°C, VCC = 12 V, CDRV = 0 nF, RMIN_TON = RMIN_TOFF = 10 kW, VTRIG/DIS = 0 V, fCS = 100 kHz, DCCS = 50%, VCS_high = 4 V, VCS_low = −1 V unless otherwise noted) Symbol Rating Pin Min Typ Max Unit Output source peak current 8 − 2.5 − A IDRV_pk(sink) Output sink peak current 8 − 5 − A VDRV(min_A) Minimum drive output voltage for A version (VCC = VCC_off + 200 mV) 8 8.3 − − V VDRV(min_B) Minimum drive output voltage for B version (VCC = VCC_off + 200 mV) 8 4.5 − − V VDRV(CLMP_A) Driver clamp voltage for A version (12 < VCC < 28, CDRV = 1 nF) 8 10 12 14.3 V VDRV(CLMP_B) Driver clamp voltage for B version (12 < VCC < 28, CDRV = 1 nF) 8 5 6 8 V DRIVE OUTPUT IDRV_pk(source) CS INPUT tpd_on The total propagation delay from CS input to DRV output turn on (VCS goes down from 4 V to −1 V, tf_CS = 5 ns, COMP pin connected to GND) 5, 8 − 60 90 ns tpd_off The total propagation delay from CS input to DRV output turn off (VCS goes up from −1 V to 4 V, tr_CS = 5 ns, COMP pin connected to GND), (Note 1) 5, 8 − 40 55 ns 5 95 100 105 mA Ishift_CS Current sense input current source (VCS = 0 V) Vth_cs_on Current sense pin turn-on input threshold voltage 5, 8 −120 −85 −50 mV Vth_cs_off Current sense pin turn-off threshold voltage, COMP pin connected to GND (Note 1) 5, 8 −1 − 0 mV Compensation inverter gain 5,6,8 1 mA ns Gcomp ICS_Leakage Current Sense input leakage current, VCS = 200 V 5 −1 − − − TRIGGER/DISABLE INPUT tTRIG/DIS_pw_min Minimum trigger pulse width (Note 1) 4 30 − − VTRIG/DIS Trigger input threshold voltage (VTRIG/DIS goes up) 4 1.5 − 2.5 V tp_TRIG/DIS Propagation delay from trigger input to the DRV output (VTRIG/DIS goes up from 0 to 5 V, tr_TRIG/DIS = 5 ns) 4 − 13 30 ns Light load turn off filter duration 4 70 100 130 ms IC operation recovery time when leaving light load disable mode (VTRIG/DIS goes down from 5 to 0 V, tf_TRIG/DIS = 5 ns) 4 − − 10 ms Blanking time of trigger during DRV rising edge (VCS < Vth_cs_on, single pulse on trigger tTRIG/DIS_pw = 50 ns) 4 − 120 − ns Trigger input pull down current (VTRIG/DIS = 5 V) 4 − 10 − mA tTRIG/DIS_light_load tTRIG/DIS_light_ load_rec. tTRIG/DIS_blank ITRIG/DIS ton_min AND toff_min ADJUST ton_min Minimum ton period (RMIN_TON = 0 W) 3 − 130 − ns toff_min Minimum toff period (RMIN_TOFF = 0 W) 2 560 600 690 ns ton_min Minimum ton period (RMIN_TON = 10 kW) 3 0.9 1.0 1.1 ms toff_min Minimum toff period (RMIN_TOFF = 10 kW) 2 0.9 1.0 1.1 ms ton_min Minimum ton period (RMIN_TON = 50 kW) 3 − 4.8 − ms toff_min Minimum toff period (RMIN_TOFF = 50 kW) 2 − 4.8 − ms ton_min Minimum ton period (RMIN_TON = 100 kW) (Note 2) 3 8.64 9.6 10.56 ms toff_min Minimum toff period (RMIN_TOFF = 100 kW) (Note 2) 2 8.55 9.5 10.45 ms Product parametric performance is indicated in the Electrical Characteristics for the listed test conditions, unless otherwise noted. Product performance may not be indicated by the Electrical Characteristics if operated under different conditions. 1. Guaranteed by design. 2. Guaranteed by design and verified by characterization, see Figure 4. ton_min on RMIN_TON dependency. www.onsemi.com 5 NCP4304A, NCP4304B TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS 10000 ton_min (ns) 8000 6000 4000 2000 0 0 10000 20000 30000 40000 50000 60000 70000 RMIN_TON (W) Figure 4. ton_min on RMIN_TON Dependency www.onsemi.com 6 80000 90000 100000 NCP4304A, NCP4304B 9.890 8.880 8.870 9.880 8.860 8.850 VCC_off (V) VCC_on (V) 9.870 9.860 8.840 8.830 9.850 8.820 9.840 8.810 9.830 8.800 9.820 −40 −25 −10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 8.790 −40 −25 −10 5 110 125 35 50 65 80 95 TEMPERATURE (°C) TEMPERATURE (°C) Figure 5. VCC Startup Voltage Figure 6. VCC Turn-off Voltage 1.040 44 1.035 42 1.030 110 125 40 ICC_Startup (mA) VCC_hyste (V) 20 1.025 1.020 1.015 38 36 1.010 34 1.005 32 1.000 −40 −25 −10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 30 −40 −25 −10 110 125 5 20 35 50 65 80 TEMPERATURE (°C) TEMPERATURE (°C) Figure 7. VCC Hysteresis Figure 8. Startup Current 12.0 95 110 125 95 110 125 12.065 11.9 12.060 12.055 11.7 VDRV(H)_A (V) VDRV(H)_A (V) 11.8 12.050 11.6 11.5 12.045 11.4 12.040 11.3 12.035 11.2 12.030 11.1 11.0 −40 −25 −10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 12.025 −40 −25 −10 5 20 35 50 65 80 TEMPERATURE (°C) TEMPERATURE (°C) Figure 9. Driver High Level – A Version, VCC = 12 V and CDRV = 1 nF Figure 10. Driver High Level – A Version, VCC = 12 V and CDRV = 10 nF www.onsemi.com 7 NCP4304A, NCP4304B 7.0 7.70 6.9 7.65 6.8 7.60 VDRV(H)_B (V) VDRV(H)_B (V) 6.7 6.6 6.5 6.4 6.3 7.55 7.50 7.45 7.40 6.2 7.35 6.1 7.30 6.0 7.25 5.9 −40 −25 −10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 7.20 −40 −25 −10 5 110 125 TEMPERATURE (°C) Figure 11. Driver High Level – B Version, VCC = 12 V and CDRV = 1 nF 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 Figure 12. Driver High Level – B Version, VCC = 12 V and CDRV = 10 nF 9.10 6.40 9.05 6.30 VDRV(min_B) (V) 9.00 VDRV(min_A) (V) 20 TEMPERATURE (°C) 8.95 8.90 8.85 6.20 6.10 6.00 5.90 8.80 8.75 −40 −25 −10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 5.80 −40 −25 −10 5 TEMPERATURE (°C) 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 TEMPERATURE (°C) Figure 13. Minimal Driver High Level − A Version, VCC_off + 0.2 V and CDRV = 0 nF Figure 14. Minimal Driver High Level − B Version, VCC_off + 0.2 V and CDRV = 0 nF 14.0 15.0 13.8 14.5 13.4 VDRV(CLMP_A) (V) VDRV(CLMP_A) (V) 13.6 13.2 13.0 12.8 12.6 12.4 14.0 13.5 13.0 12.2 12.0 −40 −25 −10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 12.5 −40 −25 −10 5 TEMPERATURE (°C) 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 TEMPERATURE (°C) Figure 15. Driver Clamp Level − A Version, VCC = 28 V and CDRV = 1 nF Figure 16. Driver Clamp Level − A Version, VCC = 28 V and CDRV = 10 nF www.onsemi.com 8 NCP4304A, NCP4304B 7.1 8.4 7.0 8.2 6.8 VDRV(CLMP_B) (V) VDRV(CLMP_B) (V) 6.9 6.7 6.6 6.5 6.4 8.0 7.8 7.6 7.4 6.3 7.2 6.2 6.1 −40 −25 −10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 7.0 −40 −25 −10 5 110 125 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 TEMPERATURE (°C) TEMPERATURE (°C) Figure 17. Driver Clamp Level − B Version, VCC = 28 V and CDRV = 1 nF Figure 18. Driver Clamp Level − B Version, VCC = 28 V and CDRV = 10 nF 60.0 45.0 40.0 50.0 35.0 30.0 tpd_off (ns) tpd_on (ns) 40.0 30.0 25.0 20.0 15.0 20.0 10.0 10.0 5.0 0.0 −40 −25 −10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 0.0 −40 −25 −10 5 110 125 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 TEMPERATURE (°C) TEMPERATURE (°C) Figure 19. CS to DRV Turn-on Propagation Delay Figure 20. CS to DRV Turn-off Propagation Delay 101.0 −40.0 100.5 −50.0 −60.0 Vth_cs_on (mV) 100.0 Ishift_CS (mA) 20 99.5 99.0 98.5 −70.0 −80.0 −90.0 −100.0 98.0 −40 −25 −10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 −110.0 −40 −25 −10 110 125 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 TEMPERATURE (°C) TEMPERATURE (°C) Figure 21. CS Pin Shift Current Figure 22. CS Turn-on Threshold www.onsemi.com 9 2.12 16.0 2.10 14.0 2.08 12.0 tp_TRIG/DIS (ns) VTRIG/DIS (V) NCP4304A, NCP4304B 2.06 2.04 2.02 10.0 8.0 6.0 2.00 4.0 1.98 2.0 1.96 −40 −25 −10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 0.0 −40 −25 −10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 TEMPERATURE (°C) TEMPERATURE (°C) Figure 23. Trigger Input Threshold Voltage Figure 24. Propagation Delay from Trigger Input to DRV Turn-off 9.210 101.5 9.205 tTRIG/DIS_light_load_rec (ms) tTRIG/DIS_light_load (ms) 101.0 100.5 100.0 99.5 9.200 9.195 9.190 9.185 9.180 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 9.175 −40 −25 −10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 TEMPERATURE (°C) TEMPERATURE (°C) Figure 25. Light Load Transition Timer Duration Figure 26. Light Load to Normal Operation Recovery Time 18.0 165.0 16.0 164.0 14.0 163.0 12.0 162.0 ton_min (ns) ITRIG/DIS (mA) 99.0 −40 −25 −10 10.0 8.0 6.0 161.0 160.0 159.0 4.0 158.0 2.0 157.0 0.0 −40 −25 −10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 156.0 −40 −25 −10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 TEMPERATURE (°C) TEMPERATURE (°C) Figure 27. Trigger Input Pulldown Current Figure 28. Minimum on Time @ RMIN_TON = 0 W www.onsemi.com 10 NCP4304A, NCP4304B 999.0 994.5 998.5 994.0 998.0 993.5 toff_min (ns) ton_min (ns) 997.5 997.0 996.5 996.0 995.5 993.0 992.5 992.0 995.0 991.5 994.5 994.0 −40 −25 −10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 991.0 −40 −25 −10 5 110 125 TEMPERATURE (°C) Figure 29. Minimum On Time @ RMIN_TON = 10 kW 4940 4860 4920 4840 4900 4800 4780 4760 4740 65 80 95 110 125 4860 4840 4820 4720 4800 4700 4780 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 4760 −40 −25 −10 5 110 125 TEMPERATURE (°C) 620.0 4.95 615.0 4.90 610.0 4.85 ICC1_A (mA) 5.00 605.0 600.0 590.0 4.65 50 65 65 80 95 110 125 4.75 4.70 35 50 4.80 595.0 20 35 Figure 32. Minimum On Time @ RMIN_TON = 50 kW 625.0 5 20 TEMPERATURE (°C) Figure 31. Minimum Off Time @ RMIN_TOFF = 50 kW toff_min (ns) 50 4880 ton_min (ns) toff_min (ns) 4820 585.0 −40 −25 −10 35 Figure 30. Minimum Off Time @ RMIN_TOFF = 10 kW 4880 4680 −40 −25 −10 20 TEMPERATURE (°C) 80 95 110 125 4.60 −40 −25 −10 5 TEMPERATURE (°C) 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 TEMPERATURE (°C) Figure 33. Minimum Off Time @ RMIN_TOFF = 0 W Figure 34. Internal IC Consumption (A Version, No Load on Pin 8, fSW = 500 kHz, ton_min = 500 ns, toff_min = 620 ns) www.onsemi.com 11 NCP4304A, NCP4304B 4.200 9.35 4.180 9.30 4.140 ICC2_A (mA) ICC1_B (mA) 4.160 4.120 4.100 4.080 9.25 9.20 9.15 4.060 9.10 4.040 4.020 −40 −25 −10 5 20 35 50 65 80 TEMPERATURE (°C) 95 9.05 −40 −25 −10 5 110 125 Figure 35. Internal IC Consumption (B version, CDRV = 0 nF, fSW = 500 kHz, ton_min = 500 ns, toff_min = 620 ns) 20 35 50 65 80 TEMPERATURE (°C) 95 110 125 Figure 36. Internal IC Consumption (A Version, CDRV = 1 nF, fSW = 400 kHz, ton_min = 500 ns, toff_min = 620 ns) 7.60 52.8 52.7 7.40 52.6 ICC3_A (mA) 7.00 6.80 6.60 52.5 52.4 52.3 52.2 52.1 6.40 52.0 6.20 −40 −25 −10 5 20 35 50 65 80 TEMPERATURE (°C) 95 110 125 51.9 −40 −25 −10 5 Figure 37. Internal IC Consumption (B Version, CDRV = 1 nF, fSW = 400 kHz, ton_min = 500 ns, toff_min = 620 ns) 20 35 50 65 80 TEMPERATURE (°C) 34.5 34.0 33.5 33.0 32.5 −40 −25 −10 5 95 110 125 Figure 38. Internal IC Consumption (A Version, CDRV = 10 nF, fSW = 400 kHz, ton_min = 500 ns, toff_min = 620 ns) 35.0 ICC3_B (mA) ICC2_B (mA) 7.20 20 35 50 65 80 95 TEMPERATURE (°C) Figure 39. Internal IC Consumption (B Version, CDRV = 10 nF, fSW = 400 kHz, ton_min = 500 ns, toff_min = 620 ns) www.onsemi.com 12 110 125 NCP4304A, NCP4304B APPLICATION INFORMATION General Description To overcome issues after turn on and off events, the NCP4304A/B provides adjustable minimum on time and off time blanking periods. Blanking times can be adjusted independently of IC VCC using resistors connected to GND. If needed, blanking periods can be modulated using additional components. An ultrafast trigger input helps to implement synchronous rectification systems in CCM applications (like CCM flyback or forward). The time delay from trigger input to driver turn off event is 10 ns (typicaly). Additionally, the trigger input can be used to disable the IC and activate a low consumption standby mode. This feature can be used to decrease standby consumption of an SMPS. Finally, the NCP4304A/B features a special input that can be used to automatically compensate for SR MOSFET parasitic inductance effect. This technique achieves the maximum available on-time and thus optimizes efficiency when a MOSFET in standard package (like TO−220 or TO247) is used. If a SR MOSFET in SMT package with negligible inductance is used, the compensation input is connected to GND pin. The NCP4304A/B is designed to operate either as a standalone IC or as a companion IC to a primary side controller to help achieve efficient synchronous rectification in switch mode power supplies. This controller features a high current gate driver along with high-speed logic circuitry to provide appropriately timed drive signals to a synchronous rectification MOSFET. With its novel architecture, the NCP4304A/B has enough versatility to keep the synchronous rectification efficient under any operating mode. The NCP4304A/B works from an available bias supply with voltage range from 10.4 V to 28 V (typical). The wide VCC range allows direct connection to the SMPS output voltage of most adapters such as notebook and LCD TV adapters. As a result, the NCP4304A/B simplifies circuit operation compared to other devices that require specific bias power supplies (e.g. 5 V). The high voltage capability of the VCC is also a unique feature designed to allow operation for a broader range of applications. Precise turn off threshold of the current sense comparator together with accurate offset current source allows the user to adjust for any required turn off current threshold of the SR MOSFET switch using a single resistor. Compared to other SR controllers that provide turn off thresholds in the range of −10 mV to −5 mV, the NCP4304A/B offers a turn off threshold of 0 mV that in combination with a low RDS(on) SR MOSFET significantly reduces the turn off current threshold and improves efficiency. Zero Current Detection and Parasitic Inductance Compensation Figure 40 shows the internal connection of the ZCD circuitry on the current sense input. The synchronous rectification MOSFET is depicted with it’s parasitic inductances to demonstrate operation of the compensation system. +Vout SR MOSFET LDRAIN LSOURCE + LCOMP GND M1 DRV Vdd RSHIFT_CS Ishift_CS Ishift_CS 100 mA + VREF = Vth_cs_on − + − CS ZCD SET To Internal Logic + − + Vth_cs_off ZCD RESET − −1 COMP Figure 40. ZCD Sensing Circuitry Functionality www.onsemi.com 13 GND NCP4304A, NCP4304B The SR MOSFET is turned-off as soon as the voltage on the CS pin is higher than Vth_cs_off. For the same ringing reason, a minimum off time timer is asserted once the turn‐off is detected. The minimum off time can be externally adjusted using RMIN_TOFF resistor. MOSFET M1 conducts when the secondary current decreases, therefore the turn-off time depends on its RDS(on). The 0 mV threshold provides an optimum switching period usage while keeping enough time margin for the gate turn off. The RSHIFT_CS resistor provides the designer with the possibility to modify (increase) the actual turn-off current threshold. When the voltage on the secondary winding of the SMPS reverses, the body diode of M1 starts to conduct current and the voltage of M1’s drain drops approximately to −1 V. The CS pin sources current of 100 mA that creates a voltage drop on the RSHIFT_CS resistor. Once the voltage on the CS pin is lower than Vth_cs_on threshold, M1 is turned on. Because of parasitic impedances, significant ringing can occur in the application. To overcome sudden turn-off due to mentioned ringing, the minimum conduction time of the SR MOSFET is activated. Minimum conduction time can be adjusted using RMIN_TON resistor. VDS ISEC Vth_cs_off − (RSHIFT_CS ⋅ Ishift_CS) Vth_cs_on − (RSHIFT_CS ⋅ Ishift_CS) VDRV Blank ton_min toff_min The ton_min and toff_min are adjustable by RMIN_TON and RMIN_TOFF resistors. Figure 41. ZCD Comparators Thresholds and Blanking Periods Timing If using a SR MOSFET in TO−220 package (or other package which features leads), the parasitic inductance of the package leads causes a turn-off current threshold increase. This is because current that flows through the SR MOSFET has quite high di(t)/dt that induces error voltage on the SR MOSFET leads inductance. This error voltage, that is proportional to the secondary current derivative, shifts the CS input voltage to zero when significant current still flows through the channel. Zero current threshold is thus detected when current still flows through the SR MOSFET channel – please refer to Figure 42 for better understanding. As a result, the SR MOSFET is turned-off prematurely and the efficiency of the SMPS is not optimized. If no RSHIFT_CS resistor is used, the turn-on and turn-off thresholds are fully given by the CS input specification (please refer to parametric table). Once non-zero RSHIFT_CS resistor is used, both thresholds move down (i.e. higher MOSFET turn off current) as the CS pin offset current causes a voltage drop that is equal to: V RSHIFT_CS + RSHIFT_CS @ I shift_CS (eq. 1) Final turn-on and turn-off thresholds can be then calculated as: V CS_turn_on + V th_cs_on * ǒRSHIFT_CS @ I shift_CSǓ (eq. 2) V CS_turn_off + V th_cs_off * ǒRSHIFT_CS @ I shift_CSǓ (eq. 3) Note that RSHIFT_CS impact on turn-on threshold is less critical compare to turn-off threshold. www.onsemi.com 14 NCP4304A, NCP4304B Figure 42. Waveforms from SR System Using MOSFET in TO−220 Package Without Parasitic Inductance Compensation – SR MOSFET Channel Conduction Time is Reduced Note that the efficiency impact of the error caused by parasitic inductance increases with lower RDS(on) MOSFETs and/or higher operating frequency. The NCP4304A/B offers a way to compensate for MOSFET parasitic inductances effect − refer to Figure 43. VDS ISEC VLDRAIN VRDS(on) VLSOURCE D VLCOMP S LDRAIN RDS(on) LSOURCE CS LCOMP GND COMP Figure 43. Package Parasitic Inductances Compensation Principle current sense comparator thus “sees” between its terminals a voltage that would be seen on the SR MOSFET channel resistance in case the lead inductances wouldn’t exist. The current sense comparator of the NCP4304A/B is thus able to detect the secondary current zero crossing very precisely. More over, the secondary current turn-off threshold is then di(t)/t independent thus the NCP4304A/B allows to increase operating frequency of the SR system. One should note that the parasitic resistance of compensation inductance should Dedicated input (COMP) offers the possibility to use an external compensation inductance (wire strap or PCB). If the value of this compensation inductance is LCOMP = LDRAIN + LSOURCE, the compensation voltage created on this inductance is exactly the same as the sum of error voltages created on drain and source parasitic inductances i.e. VLDRAIN + VLSOURCE. The internal analog inverter (Figure 40) inverts compensation voltage VLCOMP and offsets the current sense comparator turn-off threshold. The www.onsemi.com 15 NCP4304A, NCP4304B be as low as possible compared to the SR MOSFET channel and leads resistance otherwise compensation is not efficient. Typical value of compensation inductance for a TO−220 package is 7 nH. Waveforms from the application with compensated SR system can be seen in Figure 44. One can see the conduction time has been significantly increased and turn-off current reduced. Figure 44. Waveforms SR System Using MOSFET in TO−220 Package with Parasitic Inductance Compensation – SR MOSFET Channel Conduction Time is Optimized comparator. Ideally the CS turn-off comparator should detect voltage that is caused by secondary current directly on the SR MOSFET channel resistance. Practically this is not possible because of the bonding wires, leads and soldering. To assure the best efficiency results, a Kelvin connection of the SR controller to the power circuitry should be implemented (i.e. GND pin should be connected to the SR MOSFET source soldering point and current sense pin should be connected to the SR MOSFET drain soldering point). Any impact of PCB parasitic elements on the SR controller functionality is then avoided. Figures 45 and 46 show examples of SR system layouts using parasitic inductance compensation (i.e. for low RDS(on) MOSFET in TO−220 package ) and not using compensation (i.e. for higher RDS(on) MOSFET in TO−220 package or SMT package MOSFETs). Note that using the compensation system is only beneficial in applications that are using a low RDS(on) MOSFET in non-SMT package. Using the compensation method allows for optimized efficiency with a standard TO−220 package that in turn results in reduced costs, as the SMT MOSFETs usually require reflow soldering process and more expensive PCB. From the above paragraphs and parameter tables it is evident that turn-off threshold precision is quite critical. If we consider a SR MOSFET with RDS(on) of 1 mW, the 1 mV error voltage on the CS pin results in a 1 A turn-off current threshold difference. Thus the PCB layout is very critical when implementing the SR system. Note that the CS turn-off comparator as well as compensation inputs are referred to the GND pin. Any parasitic impedance (resistive or inductive − talking about mW and nH values) can cause a high error voltage that is then evaluated by the CS www.onsemi.com 16 NCP4304A, NCP4304B NCP4304 Figure 45. Recommended Layout When Parasitic Inductance Compensation is Used Figure 46. Recommended Layout When Parasitic Inductance Compensation is Not Used Trigger/Disable Input (above 2.5 V) the driver is disabled immediately, except during DRV rising edge when TRIG/DIS is blanked for 120 ns. If the trigger signal is high for more than 100 ms the driver enters standby mode. The IC consumption is reduced below 100 mA during the standby mode. The device recovers operation in 10 ms when the trigger voltage is increased to exit standby mode. TRIG/DIS input is superior to CS input except blanking period. TRIG/DIS signal turns-OFF the SR MOSFET or disable its turn-ON if TRIG/DIS is pulled above VTRIG/DIS. The NCP4304A/B features an ultrafast trigger input that exhibits a typically of 10 ns delay from its activation to the turn-off of the SR MOSFET. The main purpose of this input is to turn-off the SR MOSFET in applications operating in CCM mode via a signal coming from the primary side or direct synchronization SR MOSFET turn-on and turn-off event according to primary controller signals. The NCP4304A/B operation can be disabled using the TRIG/DIS input. If the TRIG/DIS input is pulled high R 100 ms Timer VTRIG/DIS = 2 V SLEEP MODE Inv One Shot TRIG/DIS 4 ZCD RESET 10 mA Trigger Information from the Primary ZD 10 V S Q R Q AND Inv Trigger Blanking 120 ns During DRV Rising Edge One Shot GND Figure 47. Trigger Input Internal Circuitry www.onsemi.com 17 120 ns OR DRV RESET Inv DRV SET ENABLE toff_min Generator Start NCP4304A, NCP4304B pulled LOW and CS (VDS) is still under Vth_cs_on threshold then the DRV is turned-ON (t7 marker). Time markers t14 and t15 in Figure 48 demonstrate situation when CS (VDS) is above Vth_cs_on threshold and TRIG/DIS is pulled down. In this case the driver stays LOW (t12 to t15 marker). Figure 48 depicts driver turn-ON events. Turn-ON of the SR MOSFET is possible if CS (VDS) signal falls under Vth_cs_on threshold and TRIG/DIS is pulled LOW (t1 to t3 time interval). When the CS (VDS) reached the Vth_cs_on threshold and TRIG/DIS is pulled HIGH the driver stays LOW (t6, t7 time markers) if the TRIG/DIS is HIGH. If the TRIG/DIS is VDS Vth_cs_off Vth_cs_on TRIG/DIS DRV t0 t1 t2 t3 t4 t5 t6 t7 t8 t9 t10 t11 t12 t13 t14 t15 Figure 48. DRV Turn ON Events The TRIG/DIS input is blanked for 120 ns after DRV set signal to avoid undesirable behavior during SR MOSFET turn-ON event. The blanking time in combination with high threshold voltage (2 V) prevent triggering on ringing and spikes that are present on the TRIG/DIS input pin during the SR MOSFET turn-on process. DRV response to the short needle pulse on the TRIG/DIS pin is depicted in Figure 49 – this short pulse turns-on the DRV for 120 ns. VDS Vth_cs_off Vth_cs_on TRIG/DIS Disable of Trigger Min_ON_Time DRV t0 t1 120 ns t2 t3 Figure 49. Trigger Needle Pulse and Trigger Blank Sequence www.onsemi.com 18 NCP4304A, NCP4304B Advantage of the trigger blanking time during DRV turn-ON event is evident from Figure 50. Rising edge of the DRV signal may cause additional spikes on the TRIG/DIS input. These spikes, in combination with ultra-fast performance of the trigger logic, could turn-OFF the SR MOSFET in inappropriate time. Implementation of the trigger blanking time period helps to avoid such situation. VDS Vth_cs_off Vth_cs_on TRIG/DIS Disable of Trigger Min_ON_Time DRV t0 t1 120 ns t4 t2 t5 t6 t3 Figure 50. Trigger Blanking Masked-out Noise in Trigger Signal During Switch-ON Event Figure 51 depicts driver turn-OFF events in details. If the CS (VDS) stays below Vth_cs_off threshold driver is turned-OFF according to rising edge of the TRIG/DIS signal. TRIG/DIS can turn-OFF the driver also during minimum-ON time period (time marker t2 and t3 in Figure 51). Figure 52 depicts another driver turn-OFF events in details. Driver is turned-OFF according to the CS (VDS) signal (t2 marker) and only after minimum-ON time elapsed. TRIG/DIS signal needs to be LOW during this event. If the CS (VDS) voltage reaches Vth_cs_off threshold before minimum-ON time period ends and TRIG/DIS pin is LOW the DRV is turned-OFF on the falling edge of the minimum-ON time period (t4 and t6 time markers in Figure 52). Figure 53 depicts performance of the NCP4304A/B controller when trigger pin is permanently pulled LOW. In this case the DRV is turned ON and OFF according to the CS (VDS) signal. The driver can be turned off only after minimum-ON time period elapsed. The driver is turned-ON in the time when CS (VDS) reaches Vth_cs_on threshold (t1−t2, t5–t6, t9–t10 markers). DRV is turned-OFF if CS (VDS) signal reaches Vth_cs_off threshold (t4 marker). The DRV ON-time is prolonged till minimum-ON time period falling edge if the CS (VDS) reaches Vth_cs_off before minimum-ON time period elapsed (t7−t8, t11−t12 markers). Figure 54 depicts entering into the sleep mode. If the TRIG/DIS is pulled up for more than 100 ms the NCP4304A/B enters low consumption mode. The DRV stays LOW (disabled) during entering sleep mode. Figure 55 shows sleep mode transition 2nd case – i.e. TRIG/DIS rising edge comes during the trigger blank period. Figure 56 depicts entering into sleep mode and wake-up sequence. Figures 57 and 58 show wake-up situations in details. If the NCP4304A/B is in sleep mode and TRIG/DIS is pulled LOW NCP4304A/B requires up to 10 ms period to recover all internal circuitry to normal operation mode. The driver is then enabled in the next cycle of CS (VDS) signal only. The DRV stays LOW during waking-up time period. www.onsemi.com 19 NCP4304A, NCP4304B VDS Vth_cs_off Vth_cs_on TRIG/DIS Min_ON_Time DRV t0 t1 t2 t3 Figure 51. Driver Turn-OFF Events Based on the TRIG/DIS Input VDS Vth_cs_off Vth_cs_on TRIG/DIS Min_ON_Time DRV t0 t1 t2 t3 t4 Figure 52. Driver OFF Sequence Chart 2 www.onsemi.com 20 t5 t6 NCP4304A, NCP4304B VDS Vth_cs_off Vth_cs_on TRIG/DIS Min_ON_Time DRV t0 t1 t2 t3 t4 t5 t6 t7 t8 t9 t11 t10 t12 Figure 53. TRIG/DIS is LOW Sequence Chart VDS Vth_cs_off Vth_cs_on TRIG/DIS Min_ON_Time Power Consumption 100 ms DRV t0 t1 t2 t3 Figure 54. TRIG/DIS from LOW to HIGH Sequence 1 www.onsemi.com 21 NCP4304A, NCP4304B VDS Vth_cs_off Vth_cs_on TRIG/DIS Min_ON_Time Power Consumption 100 ms 120 ns DRV t0 t1 t2 t3 Figure 55. TRIG/DIS from LOW to HIGH Sequence 2 VDS 100 ms TRIG/DIS 10 ms Power Consumption Sleep Mode DRV t0 t1 t2 t3 t4 Figure 56. Sleep Mode Sequence www.onsemi.com 22 NCP4304A, NCP4304B VDS Vth_cs_off Vth_cs_on TRIG/DIS Sleep Mode Power Consumption 10 ms Wake Up Driver LOW DRV t0 t1 t2 t3 t4 t5 t6 t7 t8 t9 Figure 57. Waking-up Sequence VDS Vth_cs_off Vth_cs_on Sleep Mode TRIG/DIS DRV T1 t0 t4 t5 t2 Waking-up Time Waked Up t1 t3 Figure 58. Wake-up Time Sequence www.onsemi.com 23 NCP4304A, NCP4304B sequence elapses in time t4 the DRV is turned ON. In time t5 Trigger signal rises up and terminates this cycle of the CS signal in time t5. Next cycle starts in time t6. Trigger enables DRV and VDS is under Vth_cs_on threshold voltage so DRV turns ON in time t6. TRIG/DIS signal rises up to HIGH level in time t7, consequently DRV turns OFF and this starts minimum OFF time generator. Because minimum OFF time period is longer then the rest of time to the end of cycle of VDS − DRV is disabled. Figure 59 shows IC behavior in case the trigger signal features two pulses during one cycle of the VDS (CS) signal. TRIG/DIS enables driver at time t1 and DRV turns ON because the VDS voltage is under Vth_cs_on threshold voltage. The trigger signal and consequently DRV output fall down in time t2. The minimum OFF time generator is triggered in time t2. TRIG/DIS drops down to LOW level in time t3 but there is still minimum OFF time sequence present so the DRV output stays low. When the minimum OFF time VDS Vth_cs_off Vth_cs_on TRIG/DIS Min_ON_Time Min_OFF_Time DRV t0 t1 t2 t3 t4 t5 t6 t7 t8 t9 t10 Figure 59. IC Behavior when Multiple Trigger Pulses Appear on TRIG/DIS Input transformer can be for instance prepared on a small toroidal ferrite core with diameter of 8 mm. Proper safety insulation between primary and secondary sides can be easily assured by using triple insulated wire for one or even both windings. The primary MOSFET gate voltage rising edge is delayed by external circuitry consisting of transistors Q1, Q2 and surrounding components. The primary MOSFET is thus turned-on with a slight delay so that the secondary controller turns-off the SR MOSFET by trigger signal prior to the primary switching. This method reduces the commutation losses and the SR MOSFET drain voltage spike, which results in improved efficiency. It is also possible to use capacitive coupling (use additional capacitor with safety insulation) between the primary and secondary to transmit the trigger signal. We do not recommend this technique as the parasitic capacitive currents between primary and secondary may affect the trigger signal and thus overall system functionality. Note that the TRIG/DIS input is an ultrafast input that is sensitive even to very narrow voltage pulses. Thus it is wise to keep this input on a low impedance path and provide it with a clean triggering signal in the time this input is enabled by internal logic. A typical application schematic of a CCM flyback converter with the NCP4304A/B driver can be seen in Figure 60. In this application the trigger signal is taken directly from the flyback controller driver output and transmitted to the secondary side by pulse transformer TR2. Because the TRIG/DIS input is edge sensitive, it is not necessary to transmit the entire primary driver pulse to the secondary. The coupling capacitor C5 is used to allow pulse transformer core reset and also to prepare a needle pulse (a pulse with width lower than 100 ns) to be transmitted to the NCP4304A/B TRIG/DIS input. The advantage of needle trigger pulse usage is that the required volt-second product of the pulse transformer is very low and that allows the designer to use very small and cheap magnetics. The trigger www.onsemi.com 24 NCP4304A, NCP4304B Vbulk TR1 + C2 R5 C3 +Vout D3 Delay Generator VCC FLYBACK CONTROL CIRCUITRY DRV FB CS + M2 + C4 R2 C7 D4 GND Q2 D1 Q1 C6 M1 R3 R4 R1 R9 C1 R6 D2 R7 OK1 C5 R10 VCC DRV MIN_TOFF GND MIN_TON COMP TRIG/DIS CS D5 TR2 R11 Figure 60. Typical Application Schematic when NCP4304A/B is Used in CCM Flyback Converter ton_min and toff_min Adjustment timers avoid false triggering on the CS input after the MOSFET is turned on or off. The adjustment is based on an internal timing capacitance and external resistors connected to the GND pin – refer to Figure 61 for better understanding. The NCP4304A/B offers adjustable minimum ON and OFF time periods that ease the implementation of the synchronous rectification system in a power supply. These Vdd To Internal Logic VREF IRMIN_TON + − MIN_TON + − Discharge Switch Ct IRMIN_TON ton_min RMIN_TON GND Figure 61. Internal Circuitry of ton_min Generator (toff_min Generator Works in the Same Way) Current through the RMIN_TON adjust resistor can be calculated as: I RMIN_TON + V REF R MIN_TON t on_min + C t @ V REF I RMIN_TON + Ct @ V REF V REF R MIN_TON (eq. 5) (eq. 4) + C t @ R MIN_TON As the same current is used for the internal timing capacitor (Ct) charging, one can calculate the minimum on-time duration using this equation. As can be seen from Equation 5, the minimum ON and OFF times are independent of the VREF or VCC level. The www.onsemi.com 25 NCP4304A, NCP4304B minimum ton and toff blanking periods from measured values in Figures 62 and 63. 6 6 5 5 4 4 toff_min (ms) ton_min (ms) internal capacitor size would be too high if we would use directly IRMIN_TON current thus this current is decreased by the internal current mirror ratio. One can then estimate 3 2 3 2 1 1 0 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 0 10 20 RMIN_TON (kW) Figure 62. MIN_TON Adjust Characteristic 30 40 RMIN_TOFF (kW) 50 60 Figure 63. MIN_TOFF Adjust Characteristic to modulate blanking periods by using an external NPN transistor − refer to Figure 64. The modulation signal can be derived based on the load current or feedback regulator voltage. The absolute minimum ton duration is internally clamped to 130 ns and minimum toff duration to 600 ns in order to prevent any potential issues with the minimum ton and/or toff input being shorted to GND. Some applications may require adaptive minimum on and off time blanking periods. With NCP4304A/B it is possible Vdd To Internal Logic VREF − MIN_TON IRMIN_TON IRMIN_TON + Modulation Current + ton_min − Discharge Switch Ct RMIN_TON ton_min Modulation Voltage Input GND Figure 64. Possible Connection for ton_min and toff_min Modulation In LLC applications with a very wide operating frequency range it is necessary to have very short minimum on time and off time periods in order to reach the required maximum operating frequency. However, when a LLC converter operates under low frequency, the minimum off time period may then be too short. To overcome possible issues with the LLC operating under low line and light load conditions, one can prolong the minimum off time blanking period by using resistors RDRAIN1 and RDRAIN2 connected from the opposite SR MOSFET drain – refer to Figure 65. www.onsemi.com 26 NCP4304A, NCP4304B RDRAIN1 C2 RMIN_TOFF RMIN_TON VCC DRV MIN_TOFF GND MIN_TON COMP TRIG/DIS CS +Vbulk +Vout TR1 M1 M3 N2 + LCOMP1 LLC STAGE CONTROL C4 RTN N1 M2 LCOMP2 N3 M4 C1 RDRAIN2 RMIN_TOFF Trig from Primary (Option for LLC) C3 VCC DRV MIN_TOFF GND MIN_TON COMP TRIG/DIS CS RMIN_TON D1 OK1 Note: LCOMP1, 2 are optional for MOSFETs with leads. Figure 65. Possible Connection for toff_min Prolongation in LLC Application with Wide Operating Frequency Range Note that RDRAIN1 and RDRAIN2 should be designed in such a way that the maximum pulse current into the MIN_TOFF adjust pin is below 10 mA. Voltage on the MIN_TOFF and MIN_TON pins is clamped by internal zener protection to 10 V. off process always starts before the drain to source voltage rises up significantly. Therefore, the MOSFET switch always operates under Zero Voltage Switching (ZVS) conditions when implemented in a synchronous rectification system. The following steps show how to approximately calculate the power dissipation and DIE temperature of the NCP4304A/B controller. Note that real results can vary due to the effects of the PCB layout on the thermal resistance. Power Dissipation Calculation It is important to consider the power dissipation in the MOSFET driver of a SR system. If no external gate resistor is used and the internal gate resistance of the MOSFET is very low, nearly all energy losses related to gate charge are dissipated in the driver. Thus it is necessary to check the SR driver power losses in the target application to avoid over temperature and to optimize efficiency. In SR systems the body diode of the SR MOSFET starts conducting before turn on because the Vth_cs_on threshold level is below 0 V. On the other hand, the SR MOSFET turn Step 1 – MOSFET Gate-to-Source Capacitance: During ZVS operation the gate to drain capacitance does not have a Miller effect like in hard switching systems because the drain to source voltage is close to zero and its change is negligible. www.onsemi.com 27 NCP4304A, NCP4304B C, Capacitance (pF) 8000 7000 VDS = 0 V 6000 VGS = 0 V D Ciss 5000 4000 Crss 3000 2000 1000 0 10 Ciss = Cgs + Cgd Crss = Cgd Coss = Cds + Cgd Ciss Cgd Cds G Cgs Coss Crss 0 VGS VDS 10 20 30 S 40 Gate-to-Source or Drain-to-Source Voltage (V) Figure 66. Typical MOSFET Capacitance Dependency on VDS and VGS Voltage Therefore, the input capacitance of a MOSFET operating in ZVS mode is given by the parallel combination of the gate to source and gate to drain capacitances (i.e. Ciss capacitance for given gate to source voltage). The total gate charge, Qg_total, of most MOSFETs on the market is defined for hard switching conditions. In order to accurately calculate the driving losses in a SR system, it is necessary to determine the gate charge of the MOSFET for operation specifically in a ZVS system. Some manufacturers define this parameter as Qg_ZVS. Unfortunately, most datasheets do not provide this data. If the Ciss (or Qg_ZVS) parameter is not available then it will need to be measured. Please note that the input capacitance is not linear (as shown Figure 66) and it needs to be characterized for a given gate voltage clamp level. The total driving loss can be calculated using the selected gate driver clamp voltage and the input capacitance of the MOSFET: P DRV_total + V CC @ V clamp @ C g_ZVS @ f SW Where: VCC Vclamp Cg_ZVS fsw (eq. 6) is the supply voltage is the driver clamp voltage is the gate to source capacitance of the MOSFET in ZVS mode is the switching frequency of the target application The total driving power loss won’t only be dissipated in the IC, but also in external resistances like the external gate resistor (if used) and the MOSFET internal gate resistance (Figure 67). Because NCP4304A/B features a clamped driver, it’s high side portion can be modeled as a regular driver switch with equivalent resistance and a series voltage source. The low side driver switch resistance does not drop immediately at turn-off, thus it is necessary to use an equivalent value (Rdrv_low_eq) for calculations. This method simplifies power losses calculations and still provides acceptable accuracy. Internal driver power dissipation can then be calculated using Equation 7: Step 2 – Gate Drive Losses Calculation: Gate drive losses are affected by the gate driver clamp voltage. Gate driver clamp voltage selection depends on the type of MOSFET used (threshold voltage versus channel resistance). The total power losses (driving loses and conduction losses) should be considered when selecting the gate driver clamp voltage. Most of today’s MOSFETs for SR systems feature low RDS(on) for 5 V VGS voltage and thus it is beneficial to use the B version. However, there is still a big group of MOSFETs on the market that require higher gate to source voltage − in this case the A version should be used. www.onsemi.com 28 NCP4304A, NCP4304B VCC VCC DRV Rg_ext + VCC − Vclamp − Rdrv_high_eq. SR MOSFET Rg_int Rdrv_low_eq. GND Cg_ZVS Figure 67. Equivalent Schematic of Gate Drive Circuitry P DRV_IC + ǒ Ǔ R drv_low_eq 1 @ C g_ZVS @ V clamp 2 @ f SW @ ) C g_ZVS @ V clamp @ f SW @ ǒV CC * V clampǓ 2 R drv_low_eq ) R g_ext ) R g_int ) ǒ R drv_high_eq Ǔ (eq. 7) 1 @ C g_ZVS @ V clamp 2 @ f SW @ 2 R drv_high_eq ) R g_ext ) R g_int Step 4 – IC Die Temperature Arise Calculation: Where: Rdrv_low_eq is the Ddriver low side switch equivalent resistance (1.55 W) Rdrv_high_eq is the driver high-side switch equivalent resistance (7 W) is the external gate resistor (if used) Rg_ext Rg_int is the internal gate resistance of the MOSFET The die temperature can be calculated now that the total internal power losses have been determined (driver losses plus internal IC consumption losses). The SO−8 package thermal resistance is specified in the maximum ratings table for a 35 mm thin copper layer with no extra copper plates on any pin (i.e. just 0.5 mm trace to each pin with standard soldering points are used). The die temperature is calculated as: Step 3 – IC Consumption Calculation: T DIE + ǒP DRV_IC ) P ICCǓ @ R qJA ) T A In this step, power dissipation related to the internal IC consumption is calculated. This power loss is given by the ICC current and the IC supply voltage. The ICC current depends on switching frequency and also on the selected ton_min and toff_min periods because there is current flowing out from the MIN_TON and MIN_TOFF pins. The most accurate method for calculating these losses is to measure the ICC current when CDRV = 0 nF and the IC is switching at the target frequency with given ton_min and toff_min adjust resistors. Refer also to Figure 68 for typical IC consumption charts when the driver is not loaded. IC consumption losses can be calculated as: P ICC + V CC @ I CC (eq. 9) Where: PDRV_IC is the IC driver internal power dissipation is the IC control internal power dissipation PICC is the thermal resistance from junction to RqJA ambient is the ambient temperature TA (eq. 8) www.onsemi.com 29 NCP4304A, NCP4304B POWER CONSUMTION (mW) 180 160 A Version, VCC = 30 V 140 120 B Version, VCC = 30 V 100 80 A Version, VCC = 12 V 60 40 B Version, VCC = 12 V 20 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 OPERATING FREQUENCY (kHz) Figure 68. IC Power Consumption as a Function of Frequency for CDRV = 0 nF, RMIN_TON = RMIN_TOFF = 5 kW POWER CONSUMTION (mW) 400 350 300 A Version, VCC = 30 V 250 B Version, VCC = 30 V 200 A Version, VCC = 12 V 150 100 B Version, VCC = 12 V 50 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 OPERATING FREQUENCY (kHz) Figure 69. IC Power Consumption as a Function of Frequency for CDRV = 1 nF, RMIN_TON = RMIN_TOFF = 5 kW POWER CONSUMTION (mW) 800 A Version, VCC = 30 V 700 B Version, VCC = 30 V 600 500 400 300 200 B Version, VCC = 12 V 100 0 50 A Version, VCC = 12 V 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 OPERATING FREQUENCY (kHz) Figure 70. IC Power Consumption as a Function of Frequency for CDRV = 10 nF, RMIN_TON = RMIN_TOFF = 5 kW www.onsemi.com 30 NCP4304A, NCP4304B PACKAGE DIMENSIONS SOIC−8 NB CASE 751−07 ISSUE AK NOTES: 1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI Y14.5M, 1982. 2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: MILLIMETER. 3. DIMENSION A AND B DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD PROTRUSION. 4. MAXIMUM MOLD PROTRUSION 0.15 (0.006) PER SIDE. 5. DIMENSION D DOES NOT INCLUDE DAMBAR PROTRUSION. ALLOWABLE DAMBAR PROTRUSION SHALL BE 0.127 (0.005) TOTAL IN EXCESS OF THE D DIMENSION AT MAXIMUM MATERIAL CONDITION. 6. 751−01 THRU 751−06 ARE OBSOLETE. NEW STANDARD IS 751−07. −X− A 8 5 S B 0.25 (0.010) M Y M 1 4 K −Y− G C N DIM A B C D G H J K M N S X 45 _ SEATING PLANE −Z− 0.10 (0.004) H M D 0.25 (0.010) M Z Y S X J S SOLDERING FOOTPRINT* 1.52 0.060 7.0 0.275 4.0 0.155 0.6 0.024 1.270 0.050 SCALE 6:1 mm Ǔ ǒinches *For additional information on our Pb−Free strategy and soldering details, please download the ON Semiconductor Soldering and Mounting Techniques Reference Manual, SOLDERRM/D. www.onsemi.com 31 MILLIMETERS MIN MAX 4.80 5.00 3.80 4.00 1.35 1.75 0.33 0.51 1.27 BSC 0.10 0.25 0.19 0.25 0.40 1.27 0_ 8_ 0.25 0.50 5.80 6.20 INCHES MIN MAX 0.189 0.197 0.150 0.157 0.053 0.069 0.013 0.020 0.050 BSC 0.004 0.010 0.007 0.010 0.016 0.050 0 _ 8 _ 0.010 0.020 0.228 0.244 NCP4304A, NCP4304B PACKAGE DIMENSIONS DFN8 4x4 CASE 488AF ISSUE C A B D PIN ONE REFERENCE 0.15 C 2X 0.15 C 2X 0.10 C 8X ÉÉ ÉÉ ÉÉ 0.08 C L1 DETAIL A E OPTIONAL CONSTRUCTIONS ÇÇ ÇÇ ÉÉ TOP VIEW EXPOSED Cu ÇÇÇÇ DETAIL B A A1 C SIDE VIEW ÇÇ MOLD CMPD ÉÉÉ ÉÉÉ ÇÇÇ A3 A1 DETAIL B (A3) NOTE 4 ALTERNATE CONSTRUCTIONS SEATING PLANE D2 DETAIL A 1 ÇÇ 8 K e NOTES: 1. DIMENSIONS AND TOLERANCING PER ASME Y14.5M, 1994. 2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: MILLIMETERS. 3. DIMENSION b APPLIES TO PLATED TERMINAL AND IS MEASURED BETWEEN 0.15 AND 0.30MM FROM TERMINAL TIP. 4. COPLANARITY APPLIES TO THE EXPOSED PAD AS WELL AS THE TERMINALS. 5. DETAILS A AND B SHOW OPTIONAL CONSTRUCTIONS FOR TERMINALS. L L 8X DIM A A1 A3 b D D2 E E2 e K L L1 MILLIMETERS MIN MAX 0.80 1.00 0.00 0.05 0.20 REF 0.25 0.35 4.00 BSC 1.91 2.21 4.00 BSC 2.09 2.39 0.80 BSC 0.20 −−− 0.30 0.50 −−− 0.15 SOLDERING FOOTPRINT* L 8X 2.21 4 0.63 E2 5 8X 4.30 2.39 b 0.10 C A B 0.05 C PACKAGE OUTLINE NOTE 3 BOTTOM VIEW 8X 0.80 PITCH 0.35 DIMENSIONS: MILLIMETERS *For additional information on our Pb−Free strategy and soldering details, please download the ON Semiconductor Soldering and Mounting Techniques Reference Manual, SOLDERRM/D. ON Semiconductor and the are registered trademarks of Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC (SCILLC) or its subsidiaries in the United States and/or other countries. SCILLC owns the rights to a number of patents, trademarks, copyrights, trade secrets, and other intellectual property. A listing of SCILLC’s product/patent coverage may be accessed at www.onsemi.com/site/pdf/Patent−Marking.pdf. SCILLC reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products herein. SCILLC makes no warranty, representation or guarantee regarding the suitability of its products for any particular purpose, nor does SCILLC assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit, and specifically disclaims any and all liability, including without limitation special, consequential or incidental damages. “Typical” parameters which may be provided in SCILLC data sheets and/or specifications can and do vary in different applications and actual performance may vary over time. All operating parameters, including “Typicals” must be validated for each customer application by customer’s technical experts. SCILLC does not convey any license under its patent rights nor the rights of others. SCILLC products are not designed, intended, or authorized for use as components in systems intended for surgical implant into the body, or other applications intended to support or sustain life, or for any other application in which the failure of the SCILLC product could create a situation where personal injury or death may occur. Should Buyer purchase or use SCILLC products for any such unintended or unauthorized application, Buyer shall indemnify and hold SCILLC and its officers, employees, subsidiaries, affiliates, and distributors harmless against all claims, costs, damages, and expenses, and reasonable attorney fees arising out of, directly or indirectly, any claim of personal injury or death associated with such unintended or unauthorized use, even if such claim alleges that SCILLC was negligent regarding the design or manufacture of the part. SCILLC is an Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action Employer. This literature is subject to all applicable copyright laws and is not for resale in any manner. PUBLICATION ORDERING INFORMATION LITERATURE FULFILLMENT: Literature Distribution Center for ON Semiconductor 19521 E. 32nd Pkwy, Aurora, Colorado 80011 USA Phone: 303−675−2175 or 800−344−3860 Toll Free USA/Canada Fax: 303−675−2176 or 800−344−3867 Toll Free USA/Canada Email: [email protected] N. American Technical Support: 800−282−9855 Toll Free USA/Canada Europe, Middle East and Africa Technical Support: Phone: 421 33 790 2910 Japan Customer Focus Center Phone: 81−3−5817−1050 www.onsemi.com 32 ON Semiconductor Website: www.onsemi.com Order Literature: http://www.onsemi.com/orderlit For additional information, please contact your local Sales Representative NCP4304/D