5186

SENSITRON
SEMICONDUCTOR
SPDPXXD28-1 SERIES
TECHNICAL DATA
DATASHEET 5186, Rev B
Programmable DC Solid State Power Controller Module
Description:
These Solid State Power Controller (SSPC) modules are designed to operate without any heatsink
requirements. They are microcontroller-based Solid State Relays rated up to 50A, designed to be used in high
reliability 28V DC applications. These modules have integrated current sensing with no derating over the full
operating temperature range, and are the electronic equivalents of electromechanical circuit breakers with
isolated control and status. The series comprises modules in eight current levels, each one being
programmable over a 5:1 current range.
SPDP05D28-1:
SPDP10D28-1:
SPDP15D28-1:
SPDP20D28-1:
SPDP25D28-1:
SPDP30D28-1:
SPDP40D28-1:
SPDP50D28-1:
Programmable from 1A to 5A
Programmable from 2A to 10A
Programmable from 3A to 15A
Programmable from 4A to 20A
Programmable from 5A to 25A
Programmable from 6A to 30A
Programmable from 8A to 40A
Programmable from 10A to 50A
Compliant Documents & Standards:
MIL-STD-1275B, Notice1
MIL-STD-704F
MIL-STD-217F, Notice 2
Characteristics of 28 Volt DC Electrical Systems in Military Vehicles-4/20/04
Aircraft Electrical Power Characteristics 12 March 2004
Reliability Prediction of Electronic Equipment 28 Feb 1995
Module Features:
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No additional heat sinking or external cooling required!
Extremely Low Power, No Derating Over the Full Temperature Range
Low Weight (30 grams)
Same Pin Out as Industry Standard SSPCs in a Smaller Outline
Epoxy Shell Construction
Solid State Reliability
High Power Density
Electrical Features (SPDPXXD28-1 Series):

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28VDC Input with Very Low Voltage Drop; 45mV, typ. @15A for SPDP25D28-1
2
True I t Protection up to 10X rating with Nuisance Trip Suppression
Instant Trip Protection (100 sec typ) for Loads Above 10X rating
Unlimited Interrupt Capability; Repetitive Fault Handling Capability
Thermal Memory
Internally Generated Isolated Supply to Drive the Switch
Low Bias Supply Current: 60 mA typ @ 5V DC
High Control Circuit Isolation: 750V DC Control to Power Circuit
Soft Turn-On to Reduce EMC Issues
EMI Tolerant
Module Reset with a Low Level Signal; Reset Circuit is Trip-Free
TTL/CMOS Compatible, Digitally Isolated, Input and Outputs
Input filter for Noise Immunity
©2016 Sensitron Semiconductor  221 West Industry Court  Deer Park, NY 11729-4681
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SENSITRON
SEMICONDUCTOR
SPDPXXD28-1 SERIES
TECHNICAL DATA
DATASHEET 5186, Rev B
Table 1 - Electrical Characteristics (at 25 oC and Vbias = 5.0V DC unless otherwise specified)
Control & Status (TTL/CMOS Compatible)
BIAS (Vcc)
BIAS (Vcc) Current
GATE Status, Load Status Signals
CONTROL Signal
Trip Reset
5.0V DC Nominal, 6.5V DC Absolute Maximum
4.5V to 5.5 VDC
60 mA typ
85 mA, max
Voh=4.6V min, at Ioh=-4mA
Vol=0.4V max, at Iol=4mA
VIh=2.0V min
VIl=0.8V max
Cycle CONTROL Signal
Power
Input Voltage – Continuous
– Transient
Power Dissipation
Max Voltage Drop
Max current without tripping
0 to 40V DC, 55V DC Absolute Maximum
+600V or –600V Spike (< 10 µs)
See Table 5
See Table 5
See Figure 1, Trip Curve
See Table 5
110% min
Trip time
Output Rise Time (turn ON)
Output Fall Time under normal turn-off
Output Fall Time under Fault
Min Load Requirement
See Figure 1, Trip Curve
200 sec typ
200 sec typ
50 sec typ
Nil
Current
Protection
Short Circuit Protection
Instant Trip
Unlimited
800%, min; 1200%, max
Table 2 - Physical Characteristics
Temperature
Operating Temperature
Storage Temperature
TA = -55 C to +100 C
TA = -55 C to +125 C
Environmental
Altitude
Case Dimensions
Operating Orientation
Weight
MTBF (Estimate: MIL STD 217F)
Up to 30,000 ft
Can be installed in an unpressurized area
1.875 L X 1.125 W X 0.550 H
Any
40 grams max
44 Khrs
0
@ 70 C ambient, Full load, Ground Mobile
©2016 Sensitron Semiconductor  221 West Industry Court  Deer Park, NY 11729-4681
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SENSITRON
SEMICONDUCTOR
SPDPXXD28-1 SERIES
TECHNICAL DATA
DATASHEET 5186, Rev B
Figure 1 - Trip Curve
Figure 2 - Timing Diagram
Table 3 - Signal Timing – (-55 oC to 100 oC @ LINE = 28V DC)
Parameter
Symbol Min (s)
CONTROL to GATE Status Delay for Turn On
t0
100
Turn ON Delay
t1
150
Load Current Rise Time
t2
100
Turn ON to LOAD Status Delay
t3
300
CONTROL to GATE Status Delay for Turn Off
t4
100
Turn OFF Delay
t5
200
Load Current Fall Time
t6
150
Turn OFF to LOAD Delay
t7
150
Note: Current Fall Time from trip dependent on magnitude of overload
Max (s)
250
350
300
500
300
500
300
350
©2016 Sensitron Semiconductor  221 West Industry Court  Deer Park, NY 11729-4681
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SENSITRON
SEMICONDUCTOR
SPDPXXD28-1 SERIES
TECHNICAL DATA
DATASHEET 5186, Rev B
Figure 3 - Mechanical Dimensions (5A, 10A, 15A, 20A, 25A, and 30A Models)
All dimensions are in inches
TOP VIEW
0.550
0.190 MIN
ALL LEADS
SPDP05D28-1
1.875
SIDE VIEW
1.550
Ø0.030 8X
1.125
Ø0.060 4X
BOTTOM VIEW
0.800
0.600
0.400
0.800
0.200
0.163
TYP
0.250
0.163
TYP
0.400
0.550
0.163
0.163 TYP
TYP
Table 4 - Pin Definitions
Pin Number
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Pin Name
BIAS
GND
GATE Status
LOAD Status
CONTROL Input
LINE
GAINRET
PWRGND
GAIN
LOAD
Function
+5V DC Supply
5V Return
Switch Status
Load Current Detection
On/Off Control
+28V DC Supply
Internally connected to LOAD (pin 10)
28V Return
Gain Adjust
Load Connection
©2016 Sensitron Semiconductor  221 West Industry Court  Deer Park, NY 11729-4681
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SENSITRON
SEMICONDUCTOR
SPDPXXD28-1 SERIES
TECHNICAL DATA
DATASHEET 5186, Rev B
Figure 4 - Mechanical Dimensions (40A and 50A Models)
All dimensions are in inches
TOP VIEW
0.550
0.190 MIN
ALL LEADS
SPDP40D28-1
1.875
SIDE VIEW
1.550
Ø0.030 8X
1.125
BOTTOM VIEW
0.800
0.600
0.400
0.163
TYP
Ø0.060 4X
1.375
0.800
0.200
0.250
0.163
TYP
0.175
0.400
0.550
0.163
0.163 TYP
TYP
Table 5 - Pin Definitions
Pin Number
1
2
3
4
5
6, 6a
7
8
9
10, 10a
Pin Name
BIAS
GND
GATE Status
LOAD Status
CONTROL Input
LINE
GAINRET
PWRGND
GAIN
LOAD
Function
+5V DC Supply
5V Return
Switch Status
Load Current Detection
On/Off Control
+28V DC Supply
Internally connected to LOAD (pin 10)
28V Return
Gain Adjust
Load Connection
©2016 Sensitron Semiconductor  221 West Industry Court  Deer Park, NY 11729-4681
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SENSITRON
SEMICONDUCTOR
SPDPXXD28-1 SERIES
TECHNICAL DATA
DATASHEET 5186, Rev B
Table 5 – Individual Model Ratings
SPDP05D28-1
SPDP05D28-1 Set for
1.0 Amp Rating
SPDP05D28-1 Set for
2.5 Amp Rating
SPDP05D28-1 Set for
5 Amp Rating
1.0A
O
0.26W typ @ 0.6A 25 C
O
0.27W max @ 1A 25 C
O
0.27W max @ 1A 100 C
O
9mV typ @ 0.6A 25 C
O
15mV max @ 1A 25 C
O
17mV max @ 1A 100 C
2.5A
O
0.28W typ @ 1.5A 25 C
O
0.34W max @ 2.5A 25 C
O
0.35W max @ 2.5A 100 C
O
22mV typ @ 1.5A 25 C
O
36mV max @ 2.5A 25 C
O
42mV max @ 2.5A 100 C
5A
O
0.38W typ @ 3A 25 C
O
0.61W max @ 5A 25 C
O
0.67W max @ 5A 100 C
O
44mV typ @ 3A 25 C
O
73mV max @ 5A 25 C
O
83mV max @ 5A 100 C
SPDP10D28-1 Set for
2.0 Amp Rating
SPDP10D28-1 Set for
5 Amp Rating
SPDP10D28-1 Set for
10 Amp Rating
2.0A
O
0.26 W typ @ 1.2A 25 C
Power Dissipation
O
0.29W max @ 2A 25 C
(including Control Power)
O
0.30W max @ 2A 100 C
O
11mV typ @ 1.2A 25 C
O
19mV max @ 2A 25 C
Max Voltage Drop
O
23mV max @ 2A 100 C
5A
O
0.34W typ @ 3A 25 C
O
0.49W max @ 5A 25 C
O
0.54W max @ 5A 100 C
O
29mV typ @ 3A 25 C
O
48mV max @ 5A 25 C
O
58mV max @ 5A 100 C
10A
O
0.59W typ @ 6A 25 C
O
1.20W max @ 10A 25 C
O
1.42W max @ 10A 100 C
O
57mV typ @ 6A 25 C
O
95mV max @ 10A 25 C
O
117mV max @ 10A 100 C
SPDP15D28-1 Set for
7.5 Amp Rating
SPDP15D28-1 Set for
15 Amp Rating
7.5A
O
0.40W typ @ 4.5A 25 C
O
0.67W max @ 7.5A 25 C
O
0.79W max @ 7.5A 100 C
O
34mV typ @ 4.5A 25 C
O
56mV max @ 7.5A 25 C
O
73mV max @ 7.5A 100 C
15A
O
0.86W typ @ 9A 25 C
O
1.94W max @ 15A 25 C
O
2.43W max @ 15A 100 C
O
68mV typ @ 9A 25 C
O
113mV max @ 15A 25 C
O
145mV max @ 15A 100 C
SPDP20D28-1 Set for
4.0 Amp Rating
SPDP20D28-1 Set for
10 Amp Rating
SPDP20D28-1 Set for
20 Amp Rating
4.0A
O
0.28W typ @ 2.4A 25 C
O
0.33W max @ 4A 25 C
O
0.35W max @ 4A 100 C
O
13mV typ @ 2.4A 25 C
O
21mV max @ 4A 25 C
O
26mV max @ 4A 100 C
10A
O
0.44W typ @ 6A 25 C
O
0.78W max @ 10A 25 C
O
0.90W max @ 10A 100 C
O
32mV typ @ 6A 25 C
O
53mV max @ 10A 25 C
O
65mV max @ 10A 100 C
20A
O
1.01W typ @ 12A 25 C
O
2.35W max @ 20A 25 C
O
2.87W max @ 20A 100 C
O
63mV typ @ 12A 25 C
O
105mV max @ 20A 25 C
O
131mV max @ 20A 100 C
O
Current Rating @ 100 C
Power Dissipation
(including Control Power)
Max Voltage Drop
SPDP10D28-1
O
Current Rating @ 100 C
SPDP15D28-1
SPDP15D28-1 Set for
3.0 Amp Rating
O
Current Rating @ 100 C
3.0A
O
0.27W typ @ 1.8A 25 C
Power Dissipation
O
0.32W max @ 3A 25 C
(including Control Power)
O
0.34W max @ 3A 100 C
O
14mV typ @ 1.8A 25 C
O
23mV max @ 3A 25 C
Max Voltage Drop
O
29mV max @ 3A 100 C
SPDP20D28-1
O
Current Rating @ 100 C
Power Dissipation
(including Control Power)
Max Voltage Drop
©2016 Sensitron Semiconductor  221 West Industry Court  Deer Park, NY 11729-4681
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SENSITRON
SEMICONDUCTOR
SPDPXXD28-1 SERIES
TECHNICAL DATA
DATASHEET 5186, Rev B
SPDP25D28-1
SPDP25D28-1 Set for
5.0 Amp Rating
O
Current Rating @ 100 C
Power Dissipation
(including Control Power)
Max Voltage Drop
5.0A
O
0.29W typ @ 3A 25 C
O
0.36W max @ 5A 25 C
O
0.39W max @ 5A 100 C
O
13mV typ @ 3A 25 C
O
21mV max @ 5A 25 C
O
28mV max @ 5A 100 C
SPDP25D28-1 Set for
12.5 Amp Rating
SPDP25D28-1 Set for
25 Amp Rating
12.5A
25A
O
O
1.13W typ @ 15A 25 C
0.49W typ @ 7.5A 25 C
O
O
2.84W max @ 25A 25 C
0.92W max @ 12.5A 25 C
O
O
1.12W max @ 12.5A 100 C 3.64W max @ 25A 100 C
O
O
32mV typ @ 7.5A 25 C
64mV typ @ 15A 25 C
O
O
53mV max @ 12.5A 25 C
107mV max @ 25A 25 C
O
O
69mV max @ 12.5A 100 C 139mV max @ 25A 100 C
SPDP30D28-1
SPDP30D28-1 Set for
6.0 Amp Rating
SPDP30D28-1 Set for
15 Amp Rating
SPDP30D28-1 Set for
30 Amp Rating
15A
O
0.60W typ @ 9A 25 C
O
1.21W max @ 15A 25 C
O
1.50W max @ 15A 100 C
O
38mV typ @ 9A 25 C
O
64mV max @ 15A 25 C
O
83mV max @ 15A 100 C
30A
O
1.63W typ @ 18A 25 C
O
4.08W max @ 30A 25 C
O
5.24W max @ 30A 100 C
O
77mV typ @ 18A 25 C
O
129mV max @ 30A 25 C
O
166mV max @ 30A 100 C
SPDP40D28-1 Set for
8.0 Amp Rating
SPDP40D28-1 Set for
20 Amp Rating
SPDP40D28-1 Set for
40 Amp Rating
8.0A
O
0.32W typ @ 4.8A 25 C
O
0.45W max @ 8A 25 C
O
0.46W max @ 8A 100 C
O
15mV typ @ 4.8A 25 C
O
25mV max @ 8A 25 C
O
26mV max @ 8A 100 C
20A
O
0.69W typ @ 12A 25 C
O
1.48W max @ 20A 25 C
O
1.54W max @ 20A 100 C
O
43mV typ @ 12A 25 C
O
62mV max @ 20A 25 C
O
65mV max @ 20A 100 C
40A
O
2.02W typ @ 24A 25 C
O
5.17W max @ 40A 25 C
O
5.41W max @ 40A 100 C
O
86mV typ @ 24A 25 C
O
123mV max @ 40A 25 C
O
129mV max @ 40A 100 C
SPDP50D28-1 Set for
10.0 Amp Rating
SPDP50D28-1 Set for
25 Amp Rating
SPDP50D28-1 Set for
50 Amp Rating
O
Current Rating @ 100 C
6.0A
O
0.31W typ @ 3.6A 25 C
Power Dissipation
O
0.40W max @ 6A 25 C
(including Control Power)
O
0.45W max @ 6A 100 C
O
15mV typ @ 3.6A 25 C
O
26mV max @ 6A 25 C
Max Voltage Drop
O
33mV max @ 6A 100 C
SPDP40D28-1
O
Current Rating @ 100 C
Power Dissipation
(including Control Power)
Max Voltage Drop
SPDP50D28-1
O
Current Rating @ 100 C
Power Dissipation
(including Control Power)
Max Voltage Drop
10.0A
25A
O
O
0.35W typ @ 6A 25 C
0.90W typ @ 15A 25 C
O
O
0.54W max @ 10A 25 C
2.05W max @ 25A 25 C
O
O
0.55W max@10A 100 C 2.14W max @ 25A 100 C
O
O
17mV typ @ 6A 25 C
43mV typ @ 15A 25 C
O
O
29mV max @ 10A 25 C
72mV max @ 25A 25 C
O
30mV max @ 10A 100 C 76mV max @ 25A 100OC
50A
O
2.83W typ @ 30A 25 C
O
7.44W max @ 50A 25 C
O
7.81W max @ 50A 100 C
O
86mV typ @ 30A 25 C
O
144mV max @ 50A 25 C
O
151mV max @ 50A 100 C
©2016 Sensitron Semiconductor  221 West Industry Court  Deer Park, NY 11729-4681
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SENSITRON
SEMICONDUCTOR
SPDPXXD28-1 SERIES
TECHNICAL DATA
DATASHEET 5186, Rev B
Figure 5 - Electrical Block Diagram
Description
Figure 5 shows the block diagram of the SPDPXXD28-1 series. It uses a low-power triple channel digital isolator
Si8431 device for digital I/O. These are CMOS devices that employ an RF coupler to transmit digital information
across an isolation barrier. Very high speed operation at low power levels is achieved. The operation of a
Si8431 channel is analogous to that of an opto coupler, except an RF carrier is modulated instead of light. This
simple architecture provides a robust isolated data path and requires no special considerations or initialization at
start-up. A channel consists of an RF Transmitter and RF Receiver separated by a semiconductor-based
isolation barrier. Transmitter input modulates the carrier provided by an RF oscillator using on/off keying. The
Receiver contains a demodulator that decodes the input state according to its RF energy content and applies
the result to the output via the output driver. This RF on/off keying scheme is superior to pulse code schemes as
it provides best-in-class noise immunity, low power consumption, and better immunity to magnetic fields.
The block labeled “Control & Protection Circuitry” gets power from the DC-DC converter and is referenced to the
output of the SSPC. This block contains an amplifier to gain up the voltage developed across the sense resistor.
It also contains a microcontroller with on-board timers, A/D converter, clock generator and independent
2
watchdog timer. The microcontroller implements a precision I t protection curve as well as an Instant Trip
function to protect the wiring and to protect itself. It performs all of the functions of multiple analog comparators
and discrete logic in one high-reliability component.
The “Control & Protection Circuitry” block also has the ability to adjust the current rating of each model of the
SPDPXXD28-1 Series over a 5:1 range. If the “Gain” terminal is left open, the SSPC will be set for maximum
rating. If the “Gain” terminal is connected directly to the “Gain Return” terminal, the SSPC will be set for 1/5 of
the maximum rating. Furthermore, a resistor connected between the “Gain” terminal and the “Gain Return”
©2016 Sensitron Semiconductor  221 West Industry Court  Deer Park, NY 11729-4681
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SENSITRON
SEMICONDUCTOR
SPDPXXD28-1 SERIES
TECHNICAL DATA
DATASHEET 5186, Rev B
terminal will set a rating between maximum and 1/5 of maximum. See Figure 10 for the relationship between
rating and resistor value.
The code programmed in the microcontroller acquires the output of the internal A/D converter, squares the
result and applies it to a simulated RC circuit. It checks the output of the simulated circuit to determine whether
or not to trip (turn off the power Mosfets). Because the microcontroller simulates an analog RC circuit, the SSPC
has ‘thermal memory’. That is, it trips faster if there had been current flowing prior to the overload than if there
hadn’t been current flowing. This behavior imitates thermal circuit breakers and better protects the application’s
wiring since the wiring cannot take as much an overload if current had been flowing prior to the overload.
The watchdog timer operates from its own internal clock so a failure of the main clock will not stop the watchdog
timer. The code programmed in the microcontroller will periodically reset the watchdog timer preventing it from
timing out. If the code malfunctions for any reason, the watchdog timer is not reset and it times out. When the
watchdog timer times out, it resets the microcontroller. Since the code is designed to detect levels and not
edges, the output of the module, and therefore the output of the SPDPXXD28-1, immediately reflects the
command on its input.
The Power Mosfets used in the SPDPXXD28-1 Series have been selected for very low Rds(on) and results in low
voltage drop and low power dissipation. In most applications, the SPDPXXD28-1 will be operated at 50 – 60% of
rated current to provide a safety margin. As can be seen in Table 1, when the SPDP25D28-1 is operated at 15
Amps, 60% of rated current, it only dissipates 1.0 Watt at room temperature. No heat sinking is required for this
condition. However, if the SPDP25D28-1 is to be operated at maximum rating and/or at elevated temperatures,
the dissipation can exceed 4 Watts and heat sinking is required. Some heat sinking can be accomplished by
adding copper area to the LINE and LOAD pins, a heatsink can be epoxy attached to the surface of the module
or a flat copper or aluminum heatsink can be sandwiched between the SPDP25D28-1 and the printed circuit
board using a thermal pad to maximize heat transfer. Each application should be evaluated at maximum
expected constant current. The lower current models in the SPDPXXD28-1 Series do not require heat sinking
under all conditions.
For overloads, no heat sinking is required provided the SPDPXXD28-1 Series is allowed some time to cool
down. The SPDPXXD28-1 has sufficient thermal mass that the temperature will rise only a few degrees under
the worst-case overload. Repetitive overloads should be avoided. When the SPDPXXD28-1 reports a trip
condition, the controller driving the SPDPXXD28-1 should allow no more than four repetitions and then allow
thirty seconds to cool down before trying to turn on again.
The SPDPXXD28-1 will trip on overloads in the ALWAYS TRIP region shown in Figure 1 and will never trip
when in the NEVER TRIP region. The SPDPXXD28-1 can be reset by bringing the CONTROL pin to a logic low.
When the CONTROL pin is brought back to logic high, the SPDPXXD28-1 will turn back on. If the overload is
still present, the SPDPXXD28-1 will trip again. Cycling the 5 Volt BIAS power will also reset the SPDPXXD28-1.
If the CONTROL pin is at logic high when the BIAS power is cycled, the SPDPXXD28-1 will turn back on when
the BIAS power is re-applied.
Status Outputs
The LOAD and GATE status outputs of the SPDPXXD28-1 show whether or not the load is drawing current and
Power Mosfet switch is on. A logic high on the LOAD status output shows that the load draws < 5% of rated load
and a logic low shows that the load draws > 15% of rated current. A load that draws between 5% and 15% of
rated current could result in either a high or low logic level on the LOAD status output. Logic high on the GATE
output indicates that the Power Mosfet switch is on while a logic low indicates that the switch is off.
As can be seen in Table 6, of the 8 possible states for the combination of CONTROL, LOAD and GATE, only 3
states represent valid SSPC operation. The other 5 states indicate either a failed SSPC or, more likely, a short
to ground or a short to the BIAS supply of one of the logic outputs. By comparing the CONTROL input with the
LOAD and GATE outputs, the user can determine whether or not the load is supposed to be ON (GATE),
©2016 Sensitron Semiconductor  221 West Industry Court  Deer Park, NY 11729-4681
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SENSITRON
SEMICONDUCTOR
SPDPXXD28-1 SERIES
TECHNICAL DATA
DATASHEET 5186, Rev B
whether or not it’s drawing current (GATE) and whether or not the LOAD and GATE outputs are valid responses
to the CONTROL input.
Table 6 – CONTROL, LOAD & GATE Truth Table
State
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
CONTROL
L
L
L
L
H
H
H
H
LOAD
L
L
H
H
L
L
H
H
GATE
L
H
L
H
L
H
L
H
Comments
SSPC failure or shorted LOAD output to ground
SSPC failure
Normal OFF condition
SSPC failure or shorted GATE output to BIAS supply
SSPC failure or shorted GATE output to ground
Normal ON condition with load current > 15% rated current
Tripped
Normal ON condition with load current < 5% rated current
Wire Size
MIL-W-5088L has a chart the shows wire size as a function of wire temperature and current. This chart is for a
o
single copper wire in free air. For an ambient temperature of 70 C, the chart allows an 18-gauge wire to handle
o
o
25 Amps continuously at a wire temperature of 200 C – a wire temperature rise of 130 C. For a wire
o
o
temperature limited to 150 C, the chart requires a 16-gauge wire and for a wire temperature of 105 C, the chart
requires a 14-gauge wire.
Amendment 1 of MIL-W-5088L has a table for copper wire in a bundle, group or harness with condition on the
number of wires, percent of total harness capacity, etc. This table shows that a 12 gauge wire is necessary for
o
o
o
200 C operation, 10-gauge for 150 C and 8-gauge for 105 C.
MIL-W-5088L has various figures showing derating for harnesses as a function of the number of current carrying
conductors for different altitudes. MIL-W-5088L only specifies wire for DC or RMS AC conditions, not for
transient or overload conditions. MIL-W-5088L and its amendment should be consulted to determine minimum
wire sizes for other currents and conditions.
For transient or overload conditions, the transient or overload happens so quickly that heat is not transferred
2
from the wire to the surroundings. The heat caused by the I R heating of the wire causes the temperature to rise
at a linear rate controlled by the heat capacity of the wire. The equation for this linear rise in temperature, with
2
2
respect to time, can be solved as: I t = constant. Every wire has an I t rating that’s dependent on the
2
temperature rise allowed and the diameter of the wire. If the I t rating of the SSPC or circuit breaker is less than
2
2
the I t rating of the wire, then the SSPC or circuit breaker can protect the wire. The maximum I t rating for the
3
2
2
SPDP25D28-1 is 7.45 x 10 Amp -Seconds. Every wire size in the paragraphs above has an I t rating that
2
exceeds the SPDP25D28-1 I t rating for the temperature rises stated. Therefore, to select a wire size, it’s simply
a matter of determining the maximum temperature rise of the application and deciding whether or not the wire
2
will be in a bundle and use the information above. Similarly, the I t ratings for the SPDP12D28-1 and
3
2
2
SPDP05D28-1 are 1.72 x 10 Amp -Seconds and 300 Amp -Seconds, respectively.
Application Connections
The SPDPXXD28-1 Series may be configured as a high-side or low-side switch and may be used in positive or
negative supply applications.
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SENSITRON
SEMICONDUCTOR
SPDPXXD28-1 SERIES
TECHNICAL DATA
DATASHEET 5186, Rev B
Figure 6 – High-Side Switch, Positive Supply
Figure 6 shows the connections as a high-side switch with a positive power supply.
Figure 7 – Low-Side Switch, Positive Supply
Figure 7 shows a low-side switch with a negative power supply. Note that the PWRGND pin is now connected to
the LINE pin (see Rise/Fall Time paragraph below for more information on the PWRGND pin).
©2016 Sensitron Semiconductor  221 West Industry Court  Deer Park, NY 11729-4681
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SENSITRON
SEMICONDUCTOR
SPDPXXD28-1 SERIES
TECHNICAL DATA
DATASHEET 5186, Rev B
Figures 8 and Figure 9 show negative supply high-side switch and low-side switch implementations. Again, note
the connection of the PWRGND pin.
Figure 8 – High Side Switch, Negative Supply
Figure 9 – Low Side Switch, Negative Supply
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SENSITRON
SEMICONDUCTOR
SPDPXXD28-1 SERIES
TECHNICAL DATA
DATASHEET 5186, Rev B
Rise Time & Fall Time
The rise and fall times of the SPDPXXD28-1 are pre-set at the factory for a nominal 100µS with a LINE supply of
28VDC (see Table 3 for min/max limits). The rise and fall times will vary linearly with supply voltage. The
PWRGND pin is used to control the rise and fall times. If the PWRGND pin is left open, the rise and fall times
will be about 50uS. Leaving the PWRGND pin open can be useful when a faster rise or fall time is desirable.
With the PWRGND pin connected as in Figures 6 through 9, the SPDPXXD28-1, when set for a 25 Amp rating,
can turn on into a capacitive load of 440uF, min, 880uF, typ, without tripping for any power supply voltage within
the ratings. The capacitive load capability is proportional to current rating and can be therefore easily calculated
for each model and setting in the SPDPXXD28-1 Series.
Wiring and Load Inductance
Wiring inductance can cause voltage transients when the SPDPXXD28-1 is switched off due to an overload.
Generally, these transients are small but must be considered when long wires are used on either the LINE or
LOAD pins or both. A 10 foot length of wire in free air will cause a transient voltage of about 10 Volts when the
SPDP25D28-1 trips at an Instant Trip level of 250 Amps. At the rated load current of 25 Amps, the voltage
transient will be about 1 Volt. If longer wire lengths are used, a transient suppressor may be used at the LINE
pin and a power diode may be used at the LOAD pin so that the total voltage between the LINE and LOAD pins
is less than 50 Volts.
When powering inductive loads, the negative voltage transient at the LOAD pin can cause the voltage between
LINE and LOAD to exceed the SPDPXXD28-1 rating of 50 Volts and a power diode from the LOAD pin to
ground must be used. The cathode of the power diode is connected to the LOAD pin with the anode connected
to ground. The power diode must be able to carry the load current when the SPDPXXD28-1 switches off.
Voltage transients due to wiring or load inductance are proportional to the operating current.
Paralleling
For example, putting two SPDP25D28-1s in parallel will not double the rating to 50 Amps. Due to differences in
the Rds(on) of the Power Mosfets in the SSPCs, the current will not share equally. In addition, there are unit-tounit differences in the trip curves so that two SPDP25D28-1s in parallel may possibly trip at 35 Amps. Also, both
SPDP25D28-1s will not trip together; the SPDP25D28 carrying the higher current will trip first followed by the
other SPDP25D28-1. Multiple SPDP25D28-1s may be used in parallel as long as these complexities are
appreciated. Due not parallel different models of this series as the current sharing will not be predictable.
Board Layout
The current-carrying power circuit should be kept well away from the control circuit and other low-level circuits in
the system. It’s unlikely, but possible, that magnetic coupling could affect the control circuit when turning normal
loads on and off. However, in the case of an overload, the magnetic coupling could be 10 times greater than
with normal loads. Effects of such coupling could cause ‘chattering’ when turning on and off, oscillation, and the
possibility of turning the SPDPXXD28-1 back on after an overload. The SPDPXXD28-1 Series is a Trip-Free
device. Once tripped it will not turn back on until reset and commanded on again. Reset is accomplished by
bringing the CONTROL pin low and turning the SSPC back on is accomplished by bringing the CONTROL pin
high. Sufficient magnetic coupling between the current-carrying power circuit and the control circuit can negate
the Trip-Free characteristic.
MIL-STD-704F and MIL-STD-1275B
These standards cover the characteristics of the electrical systems in Military Aircraft and Vehicles. The
SPDPXXD28-1 Series meets all of the requirements of MIL-STD-704F including Normal, Emergency, Abnormal
and Electric Starting conditions with the Ripple, Distortion Factor and Distortion Spectrum defined in the
standard. The SPDPXXD28-1 Series also meets all of the requirements of MIL-STD-1275B including operation
with Battery and Generator, Generator Only and Battery Only for all of the conditions described in the standard
including Cranking, Surges, Spikes and Ripple. In addition, the SPDPXXD28-1 Series can withstand + 600 V
spikes for 10µS. This capability is beyond that required by the standards cited above.
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SENSITRON
SEMICONDUCTOR
SPDPXXD28-1 SERIES
TECHNICAL DATA
DATASHEET 5186, Rev B
Figure 10 – SPDPXXD28-1
Rating vs. “Gain” and “Gain Return” Terminals
100.00%
90.00%
% of Current Rating
80.00%
70.00%
60.00%
50.00%
40.00%
30.00%
20.00%
10.00%
0.00%
10
100
1000
10000
100000
Proramming Resistor
ORDERING INFORMATION
SPDPXXD28-1: XX is for maximum amps.
SPDP05D28-1: Programmable from 1A to 5A
SPDP10D28-1: Programmable from 2A to 10A
SPDP15D28-1: Programmable from 3A to 15A
SPDP20D28-1: Programmable from 4A to 20A
SPDP25D28-1: Programmable from 5A to 25A
SPDP30D28-1: Programmable from 6A to 30A
SPDP40D28-1: Programmable from 8A to 40A
SPDP50D28-1: Programmable from 10A to 50A
DISCLAIMER:
1- The information given herein, including the specifications and dimensions, is subject to change without prior notice to improve product
characteristics. Before ordering, purchasers are advised to contact the Sensitron Semiconductor sales department for the latest version of the
datasheet(s).
2- In cases where extremely high reliability is required (such as use in nuclear power control, aerospace and aviation, traffic equipment, medical
equipment , and safety equipment) , safety should be ensured by using semiconductor devices that feature assured safety or by means of users’
fail-safe precautions or other arrangement .
3- In no event shall Sensitron Semiconductor be liable for any damages that may result from an accident or any other cause during operation of
the user’s units according to the datasheet(s). Sensitron Semiconductor assumes no responsibility for any intellectual property claims or any
other problems that may result from applications of information, products or circuits described in the datasheets.
4- In no event shall Sensitron Semiconductor be liable for any failure in a semiconductor device or any secondary damage resulting from use at
a value exceeding the absolute maximum rating.
5- No license is granted by the datasheet(s) under any patents or other rights of any third party or Sensitron Semiconductor.
6- The datasheet(s) may not be reproduced or duplicated, in any form, in whole or part, without the expressed written permission of Sensitron
Semiconductor.
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maintenance of international peace and safety nor are they to be applied to that purpose by their direct purchasers or any third party. When
exporting these products (technologies), the necessary procedures are to be taken in accordance with related laws and regulations.
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