LOCOSYS Technology Inc. 20F.-13, No.79, Sec. 1, Xintai 5th Rd., Xizhi District, Taipei City 221, Taiwan ℡ 886-2-8698-3698 886-2-8698-3699 www.locosystech.com 1 Product name Description Version LS2003D-G Standalone multiple GNSS smart antenna module 0.3 Introduction LS2003D-G is a complete standalone GNSS smart antenna module, including embedded patch antenna and GNSS receiver circuits. The module can simultaneously acquire and track multiple satellite constellations that include GPS, GLONASS, GALILEO, QZSS and SBAS. It features low power and small form factor. Besides, it can provide you with superior sensitivity and performance even in urban canyon and dense foliage environment. This module supports hybrid ephemeris prediction to achieve faster cold start. One is self-generated ephemeris prediction (called EASY) that is no need of both network assistance and host CPU’s intervention. This is valid for up to 3 days and updates automatically from time to time when GNSS module is powered on and satellites are available. The other is server-generated ephemeris prediction (called EPO) that gets from an internet server. This is valid for up to 14 days. Both ephemeris predictions are stored in the on-board flash memory and perform a cold start time less than 15 seconds. It is easy to install without both RF connector and coaxial cable that are needed in a separated GNSS active antenna. In other words, reduce the cost and size. Also, speed up the time to market by eliminating R&D efforts on RF matching and stability between separated GNSS antenna and module. Furthermore, it can be directly powered by a lithium battery without any external voltage regulars. Therefore, LS2003D-G of miniature size and brilliant performance is the best choice to be integrated into your slim devices. 2 Features MediaTek high sensitivity solution Support GPS, GLONASS, GALILEO and QZSS Capable of SBAS (WAAS, EGNOS, MSAS, GAGAN) Support 99-channel GNSS Ultra low power consumption Fast TTFF at low signal level Built-in 12 multi-tone active interference canceller Free hybrid AGPS to achieve faster cold start Built-in data logger Built-in DC/DC converter to save power Allow direct connection with the lithium battery Up to 10 Hz update rate Page 1/18 © 2012 LOCOSYS Technology Inc. LOCOSYS Technology Inc. 20F.-13, No.79, Sec. 1, Xintai 5th Rd., Xizhi District, Taipei City 221, Taiwan ℡ 886-2-8698-3698 886-2-8698-3699 www.locosystech.com 3 ±11ns high accuracy time pulse (1PPS) Indoor and outdoor multi-path detection and compensation RoHS compliant Application Personal positioning and navigation Automotive navigation Marine navigation Weather balloon RTC GNSS antenna TCXO DC/DC converter 1PPS UART LNA MediaTek GNSS chip SAW ESD protection VCC V_BCKP GND LS2003D-G Fig 3-1 System block diagram of LS2003D-G Fig 3-2 Typical application circuit that directly use lithium battery to save power. Page 2/18 © 2012 LOCOSYS Technology Inc. LOCOSYS Technology Inc. 20F.-13, No.79, Sec. 1, Xintai 5th Rd., Xizhi District, Taipei City 221, Taiwan ℡ 886-2-8698-3698 886-2-8698-3699 www.locosystech.com 4 GNSS receiver and antenna 4.1 GNSS receiver Chip Frequency MediaTek MT3333 GPS, GALILEO, QZSS: L1 1575.42MHz, C/A code GLONASS: L1 1598.0625MHz ~ 1605.375MHz, C/A code Channels Support 99 channels (33 Tracking, 99 Acquisition) Update rate 1Hz default, up to 10Hz Hot start (Open Sky) Acquisition Time Cold Start (Open Sky) < 1s (typical) 32s (typical) without AGPS < 15s (typical) with AGPS (hybrid ephemeris prediction) Position Accuracy Autonomous 3m (2D RMS) SBAS 2.5m (depends on accuracy of correction data) Datum WGS-84 (default) Max. Altitude < 50,000 m Max. Velocity < 515 m/s Protocol NMEA 0183 ver 4.1 9600 bps (1), 8 data bits, no parity, 1 stop bits 1Hz: GGA, GLL, GSA, GSV, RMC, VTG Note 1: Both baud rate and output message rate are configurable. 4.2 GNSS antenna Antenna type Patch antenna Frequency Range 1575.42MHz ± 1.023MHz (1) 1598MHz ~ 1606MHz (1) Gain 0.5 dBic Typ. @zenith (1) Note 1: This value is measured with the evaluation board and must be fine tuned when installed into your device. Please contact LOCOSYS for your antenna tuning. 5 Software interface 5.1 NMEA output message Table 5.1-1 NMEA output message NMEA record Description GGA Global positioning system fixed data GLL Geographic position - latitude/longitude GSA GNSS DOP and active satellites GSV GNSS satellites in view RMC Recommended minimum specific GPS data VTG Course over ground and ground speed Page 3/18 © 2012 LOCOSYS Technology Inc. LOCOSYS Technology Inc. 20F.-13, No.79, Sec. 1, Xintai 5th Rd., Xizhi District, Taipei City 221, Taiwan ℡ 886-2-8698-3698 886-2-8698-3699 www.locosystech.com GGA--- Global Positioning System Fixed Data Table 5.1-2 contains the values for the following example: $GPGGA,183015.000,2503.7123,N,12138.7446,E,2,16,0.68,123.2,M,15.3,M,0000,0000*66 Table5.1- 2 GGA Data Format Name Example Units Message ID $GPGGA GGA protocol header UTC Time 183015.000 hhmmss.sss Latitude 2503.7123 ddmm.mmmm N/S indicator N N=north or S=south Longitude 12138.7446 dddmm.mmmm E/W Indicator E E=east or W=west Position Fix Indicator 2 See Table 5.1-3 Satellites Used 16 Range 0 to 33 HDOP 0.68 Horizontal Dilution of Precision MSL Altitude 123.2 mters Units M mters Geoid Separation 15.3 mters Units M mters Age of Diff. Corr. 0000 second Diff. Ref. Station ID 0000 Checksum *66 <CR> <LF> Description Null fields when DGPS is not used End of message termination Table 5.1-3 Position Fix Indicators Value Description 0 Fix not available or invalid 1 GPS SPS Mode, fix valid 2 Differential GPS, SPS Mode, fix valid 3-5 Not supported 6 Dead Reckoning Mode, fix valid GLL--- Geographic Position – Latitude/Longitude Table 5.1-4 contains the values for the following example: $GPGLL,2503.7123,N,12138.7446,E,183015.000,A,D*59 Table 5.1-4 GLL Data Format Page 4/18 © 2012 LOCOSYS Technology Inc. LOCOSYS Technology Inc. 20F.-13, No.79, Sec. 1, Xintai 5th Rd., Xizhi District, Taipei City 221, Taiwan ℡ 886-2-8698-3698 886-2-8698-3699 www.locosystech.com Name Example Units Message ID $GPGLL GLL protocol header Latitude 2503.7123 ddmm.mmmm N/S indicator N N=north or S=south Longitude 12138.7446 dddmm.mmmm E/W indicator E E=east or W=west UTC Time 183015.000 hhmmss.sss Status A A=data valid or V=data not valid Mode D Checksum *59 A=autonomous, D=DGPS, E=DR, N=Data not valid, R=Coarse Position, S=Simulator <CR> <LF> Description End of message termination GSA---GNSS DOP and Active Satellites Table 5.1-5 contains the values for the following example: $GNGSA,A,3,18,193,21,09,12,22,27,15,25,14,,,1.44,0.68,1.27*2F $GNGSA,A,3,76,72,77,75,66,65,,,,,,,1.44,0.68,1.27*12 Table 5.1-5 GSA Data Format Name Example Message ID $GNGSA GSA protocol header Mode 1 A See Table 5.1-6 Mode 2 3 See Table 5.1-7 ID of satellite used 18 Sv on Channel 1 ID of satellite used 193 Sv on Channel 2 Units Description …. …. ID of satellite used Sv on Channel N PDOP 1.44 Position Dilution of Precision HDOP 0.68 Horizontal Dilution of Precision VDOP 1.27 Vertical Dilution of Precision Checksum *2F <CR> <LF> End of message termination Table 5.1-6 Mode 1 Value Description M Manual- forced to operate in 2D or 3D mode A Automatic-allowed to automatically switch 2D/3D Table 5.1-7 Mode 2 Value Description Page 5/18 © 2012 LOCOSYS Technology Inc. LOCOSYS Technology Inc. 20F.-13, No.79, Sec. 1, Xintai 5th Rd., Xizhi District, Taipei City 221, Taiwan ℡ 886-2-8698-3698 886-2-8698-3699 www.locosystech.com 1 Fix not available 2 2D 3 3D GSV---GNSS Satellites in View Table 5.1-8 contains the values for the following example: $GPGSV,3,1,11,18,67,344,48,09,55,031,50,42,54,142,40,193,47,174,45*4D $GPGSV,3,2,11,21,44,219,46,27,39,035,48,12,34,131,44,15,30,057,46*76 $GPGSV,3,3,11,22,27,319,47,14,22,285,42,25,19,171,40*44 $GLGSV,2,1,07,76,71,201,44,65,57,041,40,75,48,028,39,72,27,108,39*68 $GLGSV,2,2,07,66,25,333,43,77,17,207,37,81,02,280,29*5C Table 5.1-8 GSV Data Format Name Example Message ID $GPGSV Units GSV protocol header (GPGSV and GLGSV) Total number of messages1 3 Message number 1 Description Range 1 to 6 1 Range 1 to 6 Satellites in view 11 Satellite ID 18 Elevation 67 degrees Channel 1 (Range 00 to 90) Azimuth 344 degrees Channel 1 (Range 000 to 359) SNR (C/No) 48 dB-Hz Channel 1 (Range 00 to 99, null when not tracking) Satellite ID 09 Elevation 55 degrees Channel 4 (Range 00 to 90) Azimuth 031 degrees Channel 4 (Range 000 to 359) SNR (C/No) 50 dB-Hz Channel 4 (Range 00 to 99, null when not tracking) Checksum *4D Channel 1 (Range 01 to 196) Channel 4 (Range 01 to 196) <CR> <LF> End of message termination 1. Depending on the number of satellites tracked multiple messages of GSV data may be required. RMC---Recommended Minimum Specific GNSS Data Table 5.1-9 contains the values for the following example: $GNRMC,183015.000,A,2503.7123,N,12138.7446,E,0.01,34.92,270812,,,D*43 Table 5.1-9 RMC Data Format Name Example Units Description Message ID $GPRMC RMC protocol header (GNRMC or GPRMC) UTC Time 183015.000 hhmmss.sss Status A A=data valid or V=data not valid Page 6/18 © 2012 LOCOSYS Technology Inc. LOCOSYS Technology Inc. 20F.-13, No.79, Sec. 1, Xintai 5th Rd., Xizhi District, Taipei City 221, Taiwan ℡ 886-2-8698-3698 886-2-8698-3699 www.locosystech.com Latitude 2503.7123 ddmm.mmmm N/S Indicator N N=north or S=south Longitude 12138.7446 dddmm.mmmm E/W Indicator E E=east or W=west Speed over ground 0.01 knots Course over ground 34.92 degrees Date 270812 ddmmyy degrees Magnetic variation Variation sense E=east or W=west (Not shown) Mode D Checksum *43 A=autonomous, D=DGPS, E=DR, N=Data not valid, R=Coarse Position, S=Simulator <CR> <LF> True End of message termination VTG---Course Over Ground and Ground Speed Table 5.1-10 contains the values for the following example: $GPVTG,34.92,T,,M,0.01,N,0.02,K,D*07 Table 5.1-10 VTG Data Format Name Example Message ID $GPVTG Course over ground 34.92 Reference T Units VTG protocol header degrees Reference M Speed over ground 0.01 Units N Speed over ground 0.02 Units K Mode D Checksum *07 Measured heading True degrees Course over ground Description Measured heading Magnetic knots Measured speed Knots km/hr Measured speed Kilometer per hour A=autonomous, D=DGPS, E=DR, N=Data not valid, R=Coarse Position, S=Simulator <CR> <LF> End of message termination 5.2 Proprietary NMEA input message Please refer to MTK proprietary message. 5.3 Examples to configure the power mode of GNSS module Page 7/18 © 2012 LOCOSYS Technology Inc. LOCOSYS Technology Inc. 20F.-13, No.79, Sec. 1, Xintai 5th Rd., Xizhi District, Taipei City 221, Taiwan ℡ 886-2-8698-3698 886-2-8698-3699 www.locosystech.com 5.3.1 Standby mode User can issue software command to make GNSS module go into standby mode that consumes less than 500uA current. GNSS module will be awaked when receiving any byte. The following flow chart is an example to make GNSS module go into standby mode and then wake up. Start GPS module is powered on and in normal operation mode Change GPS to standby mode Wake up GPS module unsigned char StandbyMode[] = {"$PMTK161,0*28\x0D\x0A"}; Yes Issue any byte to wake up GPS module No GPS module will return {"$PMTK010,001*2E\x0D\x0A"} and start normal operation. End 5.3.2 Periodic mode When GNSS module is commanded to periodic mode, it will be in operation and standby periodically. Its status of power consumption is as below chart. Page 8/18 © 2012 LOCOSYS Technology Inc. LOCOSYS Technology Inc. 20F.-13, No.79, Sec. 1, Xintai 5th Rd., Xizhi District, Taipei City 221, Taiwan ℡ 886-2-8698-3698 886-2-8698-3699 www.locosystech.com The following flow chart is an example to make GNSS module go into periodic mode and then back to normal operation mode. Page 9/18 © 2012 LOCOSYS Technology Inc. LOCOSYS Technology Inc. 20F.-13, No.79, Sec. 1, Xintai 5th Rd., Xizhi District, Taipei City 221, Taiwan ℡ 886-2-8698-3698 886-2-8698-3699 www.locosystech.com Start GPS module is powered on Change GPS to periodic mode with 3000ms on and 12000ms standby if position fix is available, otherwise (18000, 72000) ms will be applied. unsigned char PeriodicMode[] = {"$PMTK225,2,3000,12000,18000,72000*15\x0D\x0A"}; Note: minimum on time is 2000ms. maximum standby time is 518400000ms (6 days) GPS module will return message "$PMTK001,225,3*35\x0D\x0A" if command is accepted. Set GPS to normal operation mode? Yes GPS is in standby now Yes Issue any byte to GPS and wait it awake No No Issue command of normal operation mode unsigned char NormalMode[] = {"$PMTK225,0*2B\x0D\x0A"}; GPS module will return message "$PMTK001,225,3*35\x0D\x0A" if command is accepted. End GPS is in periodic mode End GPS is in normal mode 5.3.3 AlwaysLocateTM mode AlwaysLocateTM is an intelligent controller of periodic mode. Depending on the environment and motion conditions, GNSS module can adaptively adjust working/standby time to achieve balance of positioning accuracy and power consumption. In this mode, the host CPU does not need to control GNSS module until the host CPU needs the GNSS position data. The following flow chart is an example to make GNSS module go into AlwaysLocateTm mode and then back to normal operation mode. Note: AlwaysLocateTM is a trade mark of MTK. Page 10/18 © 2012 LOCOSYS Technology Inc. LOCOSYS Technology Inc. 20F.-13, No.79, Sec. 1, Xintai 5th Rd., Xizhi District, Taipei City 221, Taiwan ℡ 886-2-8698-3698 886-2-8698-3699 www.locosystech.com Start GPS module is powered on Change GPS to AlwaysLocate mode unsigned char AlwaysLocateMode[] = {"$PMTK225,8*23\x0D\x0A"}; Yes GPS module will return message "$PMTK001,225,3*35\x0D\x0A" if command is accepted. Request a GPS position data No Yes Issue any byte to get GPS position data No Set GPS to normal operation mode? Change GPS back to AlwaysLocate mode Yes Issue any byte to GPS and wait it awake No Set GPS to normal operation mode unsigned char NormalMode[] = {"$PMTK225,0*2B\x0D\x0A"}; End GPS is in normal mode 5.4 Data logger The GNSS module has internal flash memory for logging GNSS data. The configurations include time interval, distance, speed, logging mode, and … etc. For more information, please Page 11/18 © 2012 LOCOSYS Technology Inc. LOCOSYS Technology Inc. 20F.-13, No.79, Sec. 1, Xintai 5th Rd., Xizhi District, Taipei City 221, Taiwan ℡ 886-2-8698-3698 886-2-8698-3699 www.locosystech.com contact us. 5.5 Examples to configure the update rate of GNSS module The GNSS module supports up to 10Hz update rate that user can configure by issuing software commands. Note that the configurations by software commands are stored in the battery-backed SRAM that is powered through VBACKUP pin. Once it drains out, the default/factory settings will be applied. Due to the transmitting capacity per second of the current baud rate, GNSS module has to be changed to higher baud rate for high update rate of position fix. The user can use the following software commands to change baud rate. Baud rate Software command Factory default $PMTK251,0*28<CR><LF> 4800 $PMTK251,4800*14<CR><LF> 9600 $PMTK251,9600*17<CR><LF> 19200 $PMTK251,19200*22<CR><LF> 38400 $PMTK251,38400*27<CR><LF> 57600 $PMTK251,57600*2C<CR><LF> 115200 $PMTK251,115200*1F<CR><LF> Note: <CR> means Carriage Return, i.e. 0x0D in hexadecimal. <LF> means Line Feed, i.e. 0x0A in hexadecimal. If the user does not want to change baud rate, you can reduce the output NMEA sentences by the following software commands. NMEA sentence Software command Factory default $PMTK314,-1*04<CR><LF> Only GLL at 1Hz $PMTK314,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0*29<CR><LF> Only RMC at 1Hz $PMTK314,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0*29<CR><LF> Only VTG at 1Hz $PMTK314,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0*29<CR><LF> Only GGA at 1Hz $PMTK314,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0*29<CR><LF> Only GSA at 1Hz $PMTK314,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0*29<CR><LF> Only GSV at 1Hz $PMTK314,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0*29<CR><LF> Only ZDA at 1Hz $PMTK314,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0*29<CR><LF> RMC, GGA, GSA at 1Hz and GSV at $PMTK314,0,1,0,1,1,5,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0*2C<CR><LF> 0.2Hz If the command is correct and executed, GNSS module will output message $PMTK001,314,3*36<CR><LF> Page 12/18 © 2012 LOCOSYS Technology Inc. LOCOSYS Technology Inc. 20F.-13, No.79, Sec. 1, Xintai 5th Rd., Xizhi District, Taipei City 221, Taiwan ℡ 886-2-8698-3698 886-2-8698-3699 www.locosystech.com After the GNSS module is changed to higher baud rate or reduced NMEA sentence, the user can configure it to high update rate of position fix by the following commands. Interval of position fix (1) Software command Every 100ms (10Hz) $PMTK220,100*2F<CR><LF> Every 200ms (5Hz) $PMTK220,200*2C<CR><LF> Every 500ms (2Hz) $PMTK220,500*2B<CR><LF> Every 1000ms (1Hz) $PMTK220,1000*1F<CR><LF> Every 2000ms (0.5Hz)(2) $PMTK220,2000*1C<CR><LF> If the command is correct and executed, GNSS module will output message $PMTK001,220,3*30<CR><LF> Note 1: The minimum interval of position fix is 100ms, i.e. the maximum update rate is 10Hz. Note 2: The current consumption is the same with the update rate of 1Hz. Page 13/18 © 2012 LOCOSYS Technology Inc. LOCOSYS Technology Inc. 20F.-13, No.79, Sec. 1, Xintai 5th Rd., Xizhi District, Taipei City 221, Taiwan ℡ 886-2-8698-3698 886-2-8698-3699 www.locosystech.com 6 Pin assignment and descriptions Pin # Name Type Description 1 NC Not connect. 2 1PPS O Pulse per second (default 100 ms pulse/sec when 3D fix is available) 3 TX O Serial data output 4 RX I Serial data input 5 NC Not connect. 6 NC Not connect. 7 V_BCKP P 8 GND P Ground 9 VCC P DC supply voltage Backup battery supply voltage. This pin must be powered to enable the module. Page 14/18 © 2012 LOCOSYS Technology Inc. LOCOSYS Technology Inc. 20F.-13, No.79, Sec. 1, Xintai 5th Rd., Xizhi District, Taipei City 221, Taiwan ℡ 886-2-8698-3698 886-2-8698-3699 www.locosystech.com 7 DC & Temperature characteristics 7.1 Absolute maximum ratings Parameter Symbol Ratings Units VCC 4.3 V Input Backup Battery Voltage V_BCKP 4.3 V Operating Temperature Range Topr -40 ~ 85 ℃ Storage Temperature Range Tstg -40 ~ 85 ℃ Input Voltage 7.2 DC Electrical characteristics Parameter Input Voltage Input Backup Battery Voltage Symbol Conditions Min. VCC 3.0 V_BCKP 2.0 Typ. 21 (1) Max. Units 4.3 V 4.3 V 76 (2) Supply Current IVCC Full operation Backup Battery Current IBAT VCC = 0 High Level Input Voltage VI H 2.0 3.6 V Low Level Input Voltage VI L -0.3 0.8 V High Level Input Current I IH -1 1 uA Low Level Input Current I IL -1 1 uA High Level Output Voltage VOH 2.4 3.3 V Low Level Output Voltage VOL 0.4 V High Level Output Current I OH 2 mA Low Level Output Current I OL 2 mA 11 mA uA Note 1: Measured when position fix (1Hz) is available and input voltage is 3.3V. For different input voltage (VCC), the current consumption is as below chart. This is because LS2003D-G is built-in DC/DC converter. Note 2: This happens when downloading AGPS data to LS2003D-G. 7.3 Temperature characteristics Parameter Symbol Min. Typ. Max. Units Operating Temperature Topr -40 - 85 ℃ Storage Temperature Tstg -40 25 85 ℃ Page 15/18 © 2012 LOCOSYS Technology Inc. LOCOSYS Technology Inc. 20F.-13, No.79, Sec. 1, Xintai 5th Rd., Xizhi District, Taipei City 221, Taiwan ℡ 886-2-8698-3698 886-2-8698-3699 www.locosystech.com 8 Mechanical specification Page 16/18 © 2012 LOCOSYS Technology Inc. LOCOSYS Technology Inc. 20F.-13, No.79, Sec. 1, Xintai 5th Rd., Xizhi District, Taipei City 221, Taiwan ℡ 886-2-8698-3698 886-2-8698-3699 www.locosystech.com 9 Packing information Page 17/18 © 2012 LOCOSYS Technology Inc. LOCOSYS Technology Inc. 20F.-13, No.79, Sec. 1, Xintai 5th Rd., Xizhi District, Taipei City 221, Taiwan ℡ 886-2-8698-3698 886-2-8698-3699 www.locosystech.com Document change list Revision 0.3 Preliminary Page 18/18 © 2012 LOCOSYS Technology Inc.