MCP16251/2 Low Quiescent Current, PFM/PWM Synchronous Boost Regulator with True Output Disconnect or Input/Output Bypass Option Features: Applications: • Up to 96% Typical Efficiency • 650 mA Typical Peak Input Current Limit: - IOUT > 100 mA @ 3.3V VOUT, 1.2V VIN - IOUT > 250 mA @ 3.3V VOUT, 2.4V VIN - IOUT > 225 mA @ 5.0V VOUT, 3.3V VIN • Low Device Quiescent Current: - Output Quiescent Current: < 4 µA typical, device is not switching (VOUT > VIN, excluding feedback divider current) - Input Sleep Current: 1 µA - No Load Input Current: 14 µA typical • Shutdown Current: 0.6 µA typical • Low Start-up Voltage: 0.82V, 1 mA load • Low Operating Input Voltage: down to 0.35V • Adjustable Output Voltage Range: 1.8V to 5.5V • Maximum Input Voltage VOUT < 5.5V • Automatic PFM/PWM Operation: - PWM Operation: 500 kHz - PFM Output Ripple: 150 mV typical • Feedback voltage: 1.23V • Internal Synchronous Rectifier • Internal Compensation • Inrush Current Limiting and Internal Soft Start (1.5 ms typical) • Selectable, Logic Controlled, Shutdown States: - True Load Disconnect Option (MCP16251) - Input to Output Bypass Option (MCP16252) • Anti-Ringing Control • Overtemperature Protection • Available Packages: - SOT-23-6 - 2 x 3 8-Lead TDFN • One, Two and Three Cell Alkaline and NiMH/NiCd Portable Products • Solar Cell Applications • Personal Care and Medical Products • Bias for Status LEDs • Smartphones, MP3 Players, Digital Cameras • Remote controllers, Portable Instruments • Wireless Sensors • Bluetooth Headsets • +3.3V to +5.0V Distributed Power Supply General Description The MCP16251/2 is a compact, high-efficiency, fixed frequency, synchronous step-up DC-DC converter. This family of devices provides an easy-to-use power supply solution for applications powered by either one-cell, two-cell or three-cell alkaline, NiCd, NiMH, one-cell Li-Ion or Li-Polymer batteries. A low-voltage technology allows the regulator to start up without high inrush current or output voltage overshoot from a low voltage input. High efficiency is accomplished by integrating the low-resistance N-Channel boost switch and synchronous P-Channel switch. All compensation and protection circuitry are integrated to minimize external components. MCP16251/2 operates and consumes less than 14 µA from battery, while operating at no load (VOUT = 3.3V, VIN = 1.5V). The devices provide a true disconnect from input to output (MCP16251) or an input-to-output bypass (MCP16252), while in shutdown (EN = GND). Both options consume less than 0.6 µA from battery. Output voltage is set by a small external resistor divider. Two package options, SOT-23-6 and 2 x 3 TDFN-8, are available. Package Types MCP16251/2 6-Lead SOT-23 SW 1 GND 2 EN 3 6 VIN MCP16251/2 2x3 TDFN* VFB 1 5 VOUT SGND 2 PGND 3 4 VFB EN 4 8 VIN EP 9 7 VOUTS 6 VOUTP 5 SW * Includes Exposed Thermal Pad (EP); see Table 3-1. 2013 Microchip Technology Inc. DS25173A-page 1 MCP16251/2 Typical Application L 4.7 µH VOUT VIN 3.3V / 75 mA SW 0.9V to 1.7V VOUT VIN CIN 4.7 µF 1.69 M VFB EN COUT 10 µF RBOT Alkaline + RTOP 1 M GND - L 4.7 µH VIN 3.0V to 4.2V CIN 4.7 µF VIN VOUTP EN VFB Li-Ion + SW V OUTS VOUT 5.0V / 200 mA RTOP 3.09 M RBOT COUT 10 µF 1 M PGND SGND - 100 95 VIN = 3.0V Efficiency (%) 90 85 VIN = 1.5V 80 VIN = 2.4V 75 70 65 60 55 VOUT = 3.3V 50 0.1 DS25173A-page 2 1 10 IOUT (mA) 100 1000 2013 Microchip Technology Inc. MCP16251/2 1.0 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS † Notice: Stresses above those listed under “Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only and functional operation of the device at those or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational sections of this specification is not intended. Exposure to maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. Absolute Maximum Ratings † EN, VFB, VIN, VSW, VOUT - GND ......................... +6.5V EN, VFB ........ < maximum VOUT or VIN > (GND – 0.3V) Output Short Circuit Current....................... Continuous Output Current Bypass Mode........................... 400 mA Power Dissipation ............................ Internally Limited Storage Temperature .........................-65oC to +150oC Ambient Temp. with Power Applied......-40oC to +85oC Operating Junction Temperature........-40oC to +125oC ESD Protection On All Pins: HBM .............................................................. 4 kV MM............................................................... 400 V DC CHARACTERISTICS Electrical Characteristics: Unless otherwise indicated, VIN = 1.5V, COUT = CIN = 10 µF, L = 4.7 µH, VOUT = 3.3V, IOUT = 0 mA, TA = +25°C. Boldface specifications apply over the TA range of -40oC to +85oC. Parameters Sym Min Typ Max Units Conditions Minimum Start-Up Voltage VIN — 0.82 — V Note 1 Minimum Input Voltage After Start-Up VIN — 0.35 — V Note 1 Output Voltage Adjust Range VOUT 1.8 5.5 V VOUT VIN; Note 2 Maximum Output Current IOUT 150 — mA 125 — 1.5V VIN, 3.3V VOUT 225 — 3.3V VIN, 5.0V VOUT Input Characteristics 100 1.2V VIN, 2.0V VOUT Feedback Voltage VFB 1.1931 1.23 1.2669 V Feedback Input Bias Current IVFB — 10 — nA IQOUT — 4.0 8 µA IOUT = 0 mA, device is not switching, EN = VIN = 4.0V, VOUT = 5.0V, does not include feedback divider current; Note 3 VIN Sleep Current IQIN — 1.0 2.3 µA IOUT = 0 mA, EN = VIN; Note 3, Note 5 No Load Input Current IIN0 — 14 25 µA IOUT = 0 mA, device is switching Quiescent Current – Shutdown IQSHDN — 0.6 — µA VOUT = EN = GND; includes N-Channel and P-Channel Switch Leakage VOUT Quiescent Current Note 1: 2: 3: 4: 5: 3.3 k resistive load, 3.3VOUT (1 mA). For VIN > VOUT, VOUT will not remain in regulation. IQOUT is measured at VOUT, VOUT is external supplied for VOUT > VIN (device is not switching), IQIN is measured at VIN pin during Sleep period, no load. 220 resistive load, 3.3VOUT (15 mA). Determined by characterization, not production tested. 2013 Microchip Technology Inc. DS25173A-page 3 MCP16251/2 DC CHARACTERISTICS (CONTINUED) Electrical Characteristics: Unless otherwise indicated, VIN = 1.5V, COUT = CIN = 10 µF, L = 4.7 µH, VOUT = 3.3V, IOUT = 0 mA, TA = +25°C. Boldface specifications apply over the TA range of -40oC to +85oC. Sym Min Typ Max Units NMOS Switch Leakage Parameters INLK — 0.15 — µA VIN = VSW = 5V VOUT = 5.5V VEN = VFB = GND PMOS Switch Leakage IPLK — 0.15 — µA VIN = VSW = GND; VOUT = 5.5V NMOS Switch ON Resistance RDS(ON)N — 0.45 — VIN = 3.3V, ISW = 100 mA PMOS Switch ON Resistance RDS(ON)P — 0.9 — VIN = 3.3V, ISW = 100 mA NMOS Peak Switch Current Limit IN(MAX) — 650 — mA VOUT Accuracy VOUT% -3 — +3 % Line Regulation (VOUT/VOUT) /VIN -0.4 0.3 0.4 %/V Load Regulation VOUT/VOUT -1.5 0.1 1.5 % IOUT = 25 mA to 100 mA; VIN = 1.5V Maximum Duty Cycle DCMAX 87 89 91 % Note 5 Switching Frequency fSW 425 500 575 EN Input Logic High VIH 70 — — EN Input Logic Low Conditions Note 5 Includes Line and Load Regulation; VIN = 1.5V VIN = 1.5V to 2.8V IOUT = 50 mA kHz %of VIN IOUT = 1 mA %of VIN IOUT = 1 mA VIL — — 20 IENLK — 5.0 — nA VEN = 5V Soft Start Time tSS — — 1.5 ms EN Low to High, 90% of VOUT; Note 4, Note 5 Thermal Shutdown Die Temperature TSD — 160 — C IOUT = 20 mA, VIN > 1.4V TSDHYS — 20 — C EN Input Leakage Current Die Temperature Hysteresis Note 1: 2: 3: 4: 5: 3.3 k resistive load, 3.3VOUT (1 mA). For VIN > VOUT, VOUT will not remain in regulation. IQOUT is measured at VOUT, VOUT is external supplied for VOUT > VIN (device is not switching), IQIN is measured at VIN pin during Sleep period, no load. 220 resistive load, 3.3VOUT (15 mA). Determined by characterization, not production tested. TEMPERATURE SPECIFICATIONS Electrical Characteristics: Unless otherwise indicated, VIN = 1.5V, COUT = CIN = 10 µF, L = 4.7 µH, VOUT = 3.3V, IOUT = 0 mA. Parameters Sym Min Typ Max Units Operating Temperature Range TJ -40 — +85 °C Storage Temperature Range TA -65 — +150 °C Maximum Junction Temperature TJ — — +150 °C Thermal Resistance, 5L-SOT-23 JA — 220.7 — °C/W Thermal Resistance, 8L-2x3 TDFN JA — 52.5 — °C/W Conditions Temperature Ranges Steady State Transient Package Thermal Resistances DS25173A-page 4 EIA/JESD51-3 Standard 2013 Microchip Technology Inc. MCP16251/2 2.0 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CURVES Note: The graphs and tables provided following this note are a statistical summary based on a limited number of samples and are provided for informational purposes only. The performance characteristics listed herein are not tested or guaranteed. In some graphs or tables, the data presented may be outside the specified operating range (e.g., outside specified power supply range) and therefore outside the warranted range. Note: Unless otherwise indicated, VIN = EN = 1.5V, COUT = CIN = 10 µF, L = 4.7 µH, VOUT = 3.3V, ILOAD = 0 mA, TA = +25°C, SOT-23 package. 100 VOUT = 3.3V RTOP = 1.69 Mȍ RBOT = 1.0 Mȍ 8 VOUT = 2.0V 95 90 Efficiency (%) Quies scent Current (uA) 10 6 4 85 80 75 VIN = 1.5V 70 65 2 VIN = 1.2V 60 VIN = 0.9V 55 0 50 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 Ambient Temperature (°C) FIGURE 2-1: Temperature. 65 80 1 VOUT IQ vs. Ambient FIGURE 2-4: IOUT. 1000 2.0V VOUT Efficiency vs. 100 VOUT = 3.3V RTOP = 1.69 Mȍ RBOT = 1.0 Mȍ 25 90 20 VIN = 1.2V 15 VOUT = 3.3V 95 Efficiency (%) No Load Input Current (µA) 100 IOUT (mA) 30 VIN = 1.5V 10 VIN = 3.0V 85 80 VIN = 2.5V 75 VIN = 1.2V 70 65 5 VIN = 0.9V 60 0 55 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Ambient Temperature (°C) FIGURE 2-2: Temperature. No Load Input Current vs. 35 25 20 15 VOUT = 5.0V 10 VOUT = 2.0V 100 1000 IOUT (mA) FIGURE 2-5: IOUT. 3.3V VOUT Efficiency vs. VOUT = 5.0V 95 5 10 100 RBOT = 1.0 Mȍ 30 1 Efficiency (%) No Load Input Current (µA) 10 VIN = 3.6V 90 85 VIN = 2.5V 80 75 VIN = 1.2V VIN = 1.8V 70 VOUT = 3.3V 65 0 1 1.5 FIGURE 2-3: VIN. 2 2.5 3 3.5 Input Voltage (V) 4 4.5 No Load Input Current vs. 2013 Microchip Technology Inc. 60 1 FIGURE 2-6: IOUT. 10 IOUT (mA) 100 1000 5.0V VOUT Efficiency vs. DS25173A-page 5 MCP16251/2 Note: Unless otherwise indicated, VIN = EN = 1.5V, COUT = CIN = 10 µF, L = 4.7 µH, VOUT = 3.3V, ILOAD = 0 mA, TA = +25°C, SOT-23 package. 500 3.33 Load Current (mA) 450 Outtput Voltage (V) 3.32 ILOAD = 1 mA 3.31 ILOAD = 10 mA 3.30 ILOAD = 50 mA 3 29 3.29 300 250 200 150 50 0 3.27 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 Ambient Temperature (°C) FIGURE 2-7: Temperature. 0.9 1.2 1.5 1.8 2.1 2.4 2.7 3 3.3 3.6 3.9 4.2 4.5 Input Voltage (V) 80 3.3V VOUT vs. Ambient FIGURE 2-10: Maximum IOUT vs. VIN, After Start-up, VOUT Maximum 5% Below Regulation Point. 3.32 Switch hing Frequency (kHz) 510 VIN = 1.2V 3.31 Ou utput Voltage (V) VOUT = 2.0V 350 100 3.28 VIN = 1.5V 3.30 3.29 3.28 VIN = 2.4V 2 4V 3.27 3.26 VIN = 0.9V ILOAD = 20 mA 3.25 505 500 495 490 485 480 475 470 -40 -25 FIGURE 2-8: Temperature. -10 5 20 35 50 65 Ambient Temperature (°C) 80 3.3V VOUT vs. Ambient -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 Ambient Temperature (°C) FIGURE 2-11: Temperature. 3.33 80 FOSC vs. Ambient 1.2 VOUT = 3.3V TA = +85°C 1.1 In nput Voltage (V) 3.32 Output Voltage (V) VOUT = 5.0V VOUT = 3.3V 400 3.31 TA = +25°C 3.30 3.29 3.28 TA = -40°C ILOAD = 20 mA 1 0.9 08 0.8 ILOAD = 1 mA 0.7 3.27 ILOAD = 50 mA 3.26 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 Input Voltage (V) FIGURE 2-9: DS25173A-page 6 3.3V VOUT vs. VIN. ---- Electronic Load, CC Resistive Load 0.6 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 Ambient Temperature (°C) 80 FIGURE 2-12: VIN Start-up vs. Temperature into Resistive Load and Constant Current. 2013 Microchip Technology Inc. MCP16251/2 Note: Unless otherwise indicated, VIN = EN = 1.5V, COUT = CIN = 10 µF, L = 4.7 µH, VOUT = 3.3V, ILOAD = 0 mA, TA = +25°C, SOT-23 package. 8 VOUT =1.8V Switch h Resistance (Ohms) Input Voltage (V) 1.3 1.1 0.9 Startup 0.7 0.5 Shutdown 0.3 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 Load Current (mA) 70 80 P - Channel 6 5 4 3 N - Channel 2 1 0 90 FIGURE 2-13: 1.8VOUT Minimum Start-up and Shutdown VIN into Resistive Load vs. IOUT. 7 0.9 1.2 1.5 1.8 2.1 2.4 2.7 3 > VIN or VOUT 3.3 3.6 3.9 4.2 FIGURE 2-16: N-Channel and P-Channel RDSON vs. the maximum VIN or VOUT. 45 VOUT = 3.3V 40 Load Current (mA) Input Voltage (V) 1.3 1.1 0.9 Startup 0.7 0.5 Shutdown VOUT = 3.3V 30 VOUT = 2.0V 25 20 15 10 0.3 5 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Load Current (mA) 80 90 100 FIGURE 2-14: 3.3VOUT Minimum Start-up and Shutdown VIN into Resistive Load vs. IOUT. 0.8 1.2 1.6 2 2.4 2.8 3.2 Input Voltage (V) 3.6 4 4.4 FIGURE 2-17: Average PFM/PWM Threshold Current vs. VIN. IOUT = 1 mA 1.7 Input Voltage (V) VOUT = 5.0V 35 VOUT = 5.0V 1.5 VOUT 100 mV/div AC Coupled 1.3 1.1 VSW 2 V/div Startup 0.9 0.7 0.5 Shutdown 0.3 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Load Current (mA) 80 90 100 FIGURE 2-15: 5.0VOUT Minimum Start-Up and Shutdown VIN into Resistive Load vs. IOUT. 2013 Microchip Technology Inc. IL 100 mA/div 200 µs/div FIGURE 2-18: MCP16251 3.3V VOUT PFM Mode Waveforms. DS25173A-page 7 MCP16251/2 Note: Unless otherwise indicated, VIN = EN = 1.5V, COUT = CIN = 10 µF, L = 4.7 µH, VOUT = 3.3V, ILOAD = 0 mA, TA = +25°C, SOT-23 package. VOUT 50 mV/div AC Coupled IOUT = 50 mA ISTEP = 1 mA to 75 mA PFM Mode PWM Mode VOUT 100 mV/div AC Coupled VSW 2 V/div IOUT 50 mA/div IL 200 mA/div 400 µs/div 2 µs/div FIGURE 2-19: MCP16251 3.3V VOUT PWM Mode Waveforms IOUT = 15 mA VOUT = 3.3V VIN = 1.5V FIGURE 2-22: MCP16251 3.3V VOUT Load Transient Waveforms. IOUT = 20 mA VSTEP from 1V to 2.5V VIN 1 V/div VEN 2 V/div VOUT 100 mV/div AC Coupled VOUT 2 V/div 1 ms/div 400 µs/div FIGURE 2-20: 3.3V Start-up After Enable. IOUT = 15 mA FIGURE 2-23: Waveforms. 3.3V VOUT Line Transient IOUT = 0 mA VOUT 2V/div VOUT 100 mV/div AC Coupled VIN 1 V/div IL 100 mA/div IL 20 mA/div 400 µs/div FIGURE 2-21: VIN = VENABLE. DS25173A-page 8 3.3V Start-Up When 100 ms/div FIGURE 2-24: MCP16251 3.3V No Load VOUT PFM Mode Output Ripple. 2013 Microchip Technology Inc. MCP16251/2 3.0 PIN DESCRIPTIONS The descriptions of the pins are listed in Table 3-1. TABLE 3-1: PIN FUNCTION TABLE MCP16251/2 SOT-23 MCP16251/2 2x3 TDFN 3.1 Symbol Description 4 1 VFB — 2 SGND Feedback Voltage Pin Signal Ground Pin — 3 PGND Power Ground Pin 3 4 EN Enable Control Input Pin Switch Node, Boost Inductor Input Pin 1 5 SW — 6 VOUTP Output Voltage Power Pin — 7 VOUTS Output Voltage Sense Pin 6 8 VIN Input Voltage Pin — 9 EP Exposed Thermal Pad (EP); must be connected to VSS. 2 — GND Ground Pin 5 — VOUT Output Voltage Pin Feedback Voltage Pin (VFB) The VFB pin is used to provide output voltage regulation by using a resistor divider. Feedback voltage will typically be 1.23V, with the output voltage in regulation. 3.2 Signal Ground Pin (SGND) The signal ground pin is used as a return for the integrated VREF and error amplifier. In the 2x3 TDFN package, the SGND and power ground (PGND) pins are connected externally. 3.3 Power Ground Pin (PGND) The power ground pin is used as a return for the highcurrent N-Channel switch. In the 2x3 TDFN package, the PGND and signal ground (SGND) pins are connected externally. 3.4 Enable Pin (EN) The EN pin is a logic-level input used to enable or disable device switching and lower quiescent current while disabled. A logic high (>70% of VIN) will enable the regulator output. A logic low (<20% of VIN) will ensure that the regulator is disabled. 3.6 Output Voltage Power Pin (VOUTP) The output voltage power pin connects the output voltage to the switch node. High current flows through the integrated P-Channel and out of this pin to the output capacitor and output. In the 2x3 TDFN package, VOUTS and VOUTP are connected externally. 3.7 Output Voltage Sense Pin (VOUTS) The output voltage sense pin connects the regulated output voltage to the internal bias circuits. In the 2x3 TDFN package, VOUTS and VOUTP are connected externally. 3.8 Connect the input voltage source to VIN. The input source should be decoupled to GND with a 4.7 µF minimum capacitor. 3.9 Switch Node Pin (SW) Connect the inductor from the input voltage to the SW pin. The SW pin carries inductor current and can be as high as 650 mA typical peak. The integrated N-Channel switch drain and integrated P-Channel switch source are internally connected at the SW node. Exposed Thermal Pad (EP) There is no internal electrical connection between the Exposed Thermal Pad (EP) and the PGND and SGND pins. They must be connected to the same potential on the Printed Circuit Board (PCB). 3.10 3.5 Power Supply Input Voltage Pin (VIN) Ground Pin (GND) The ground or return pin is used for circuit ground connection. Length of trace from input cap return, output cap return and GND pin should be made as short as possible to minimize noise on the GND pin. In the SOT23-6 package, a single ground pin is used. 3.11 Output Voltage Pin (VOUT) The output voltage pin connects the integrated P-Channel MOSFET to the output capacitor. The feedback voltage divider is also connected to the VOUT pin for voltage regulation. 2013 Microchip Technology Inc. DS25173A-page 9 MCP16251/2 4.0 DETAILED DESCRIPTION 4.1.2 4.1 Device Overview The MCP16251 device incorporates a true output disconnect feature. With the EN pin pulled low, the output of the MCP16251 is isolated or disconnected from the input by turning off the integrated P-Channel switch and removing the switch bulk diode connection. This removes the DC path typical in boost converters, which allows the output to be disconnected from the input. During this mode, less than 0.6 µA of current is consumed from the input (battery). True output disconnect does not discharge the output; the output voltage is held up by the external COUT capacitance. The MCP16251/2 family of devices is capable of low start-up voltage and delivers high efficiency over a wide load range for single-cell, two-cell, three-cell alkaline, NiMH, NiCd and single-cell Li-Ion battery inputs. A high level of integration lowers total system cost, eases implementation and reduces board area. The devices feature low quiescent current, low start-up voltage, adjustable output voltage, PWM/PFM mode operation, integrated synchronous switch, internal compensation, low noise anti-ring control, inrush current limit and soft start. There are two options for the MCP16251/2 family: True Output Disconnect and Input-to-Output Bypass (see Table 4-1). 4.1.1 PFM/PWM OPERATION The MCP16251/2 devices use an automatic switchover from PWM to PFM mode for light load conditions, to maximize efficiency over a wide range of output current. During PFM mode, a controlled peak current is used to pump the output up to the threshold limit. While operating in PFM or PWM mode, the P-Channel switch is used as a synchronous rectifier, turning off when the inductor current reaches 0 mA to maximize efficiency. In PFM mode, a comparator is used to terminate switching when the output voltage reaches the upper threshold limit. Once switching has terminated, the output voltage will decay or coast down. During this period, which is called Sleep period, 1 µA is typically consumed from the input source, which keeps power efficiency high at light load. PWM/PFM mode has higher output ripple voltage than PWM mode, and variable frequency. The PFM mode frequency is a function of input voltage, output voltage and load. While in PFM mode, the boost converter periodically pumps the output with a fixed switching frequency of 500 kHz. Figure 2-17 represents the load current versus input voltage for the PFM-to-PWM threshold. DS25173A-page 10 4.1.3 TRUE OUTPUT DISCONNECT OPTION INPUT BYPASS OPTION The MCP16252 device incorporates the input-to-output bypass shutdown option. With the EN input pulled low, the output is connected to the input using the internal P-Channel MOSFET. In this mode, the current draw from the input (battery) is less than 0.6 µA with no load. The Input Bypass mode is used when the input voltage range is high enough for the load to operate in Standby or Low IQ mode. When a higher regulated output voltage is necessary to operate the application, the EN input is pulled high, enabling the boost converter. In this mode, the current through the P-Channel MOSFET must not be higher than 400 mA. TABLE 4-1: Part Number MCP16251 MCP16252 PART NUMBER SELECTION True Output Disconnect Input to Output Bypass X X 2013 Microchip Technology Inc. MCP16251/2 4.2 Functional Description Figure 4-1 depicts the functional block diagram of the MCP16251/2. The MCP16251/2 is a compact, high-efficiency, fixed frequency, step-up DC-DC converter that provides an easy-to-use power supply solution for applications powered by either one-cell, two-cell, or three-cell alkaline, NiCd, or NiMH, or one-cell Li-Ion or Li-Polymer batteries. VOUT Internal BIAS VIN IZERO Direction Control .3V SOFT-START SW Gate Drive and Shutdown Control Logic EN GND Oscillator 0V ILIMIT ISENSE Slope Compensation S PWM/PFM Logic 1.23V VFB EA FIGURE 4-1: MCP16251/2 Block Diagram. 2013 Microchip Technology Inc. DS25173A-page 11 MCP16251/2 4.2.1 LOW-VOLTAGE START-UP The MCP16251/2 is capable of starting from a low input voltage. Start-up voltage is typically 0.82V for a 3.3V output and 1 mA resistive load. When enabled, the internal start-up logic turns the rectifying P-Channel switch on until the output capacitor is charged to a value close to the input voltage. The rectifying switch is current limited during this time. After charging the output capacitor to the input voltage, the device starts switching. If the output voltage is below 60-70% of the desired VOUT, the device runs in open-loop with a fixed duty cycle of 70-75% until the output reaches this threshold. During start-up, the inductor peak current is limited (see Figure 2-21) to allow a correct start from a weak power supply, such as a solar cell, small coin battery or a discharged battery. Once the output voltage reaches 60-70% of the desired VOUT, normal closed-loop PWM operation is initiated. The MCP16251/2 charges an internal capacitor with a very weak current source. The voltage on this capacitor, in turn, slowly ramps the current limit of the boost switch to its nominal value. The soft-start capacitor is completely discharged in the event of a commanded shutdown or a thermal shutdown. There is no undervoltage lockout feature for the MCP16251/2. The device will start switching at the lowest voltage possible, and run down to the lowest possible voltage. For a minimum 0.82V typical input, the device starts with regulated output under 1 mA resistive load. Real world loads are mostly nonresistive and allow device start-up at lower values, down to 0.65V. Working at very low input voltages may result in “motor-boating” for deeply discharged batteries. 4.2.2 PFM/PWM MODE The MCP16251/2 devices are capable of automatically operating in normal PWM mode and PFM mode to maintain high efficiency at all loads. In PFM mode, the output ripple has a variable frequency component that changes with the input voltage and output current. The value of the output capacitor changes the low frequency component ripple. Output ripple peak-topeak values are not affected by the output capacitor. With no load, the input current drawn from the battery is typically 14 µA. The device itself is powering from the output after start-up, the quiescent current drawn from output being less than 4 µA (typical, without feedback resistors divider current). PFM operation is initiated if the output load current falls below an internally programmed threshold. The output voltage is continuously monitored. When the output voltage drops below its nominal value, PFM operation pulses one or several times to bring the output back into regulation. If the output load current rises above the upper threshold, the MCP16251 enters smoothly into the PWM mode. DS25173A-page 12 In PWM operation, the MCP16251/2 operates as a fixed frequency, synchronous boost converter. The switching frequency is internally maintained with a precision oscillator, typically set to 500 kHz. By operating in PWM-only mode, the output ripple remains low and the frequency is constant. Lossless current sensing converts the peak current signal to a voltage to sum with the internal slope compensation signal. This summed signal is compared to the voltage error amplifier output to provide a peak current control command for the PWM signal. The slope compensation is adaptive to the input and output voltage. Therefore, the converter provides the proper amount of slope compensation to ensure stability, but is not excessive, which causes a loss of phase margin. The peak current limit is set to 650 mA typical. 4.2.3 ADJUSTABLE OUTPUT VOLTAGE AND MAXIMUM OUTPUT CURRENT The MCP16251/2 output voltage is adjustable with a resistor divider over a 1.8V minimum to 5.5V maximum range. High value resistors are recommended to minimize quiescent current to keep efficiency high at light loads. When an application runs below -20oC, smaller values for feedback resistors should be used to avoid any alteration of VOUT, because of the leakage path on PCBs. The maximum device output current is dependent upon the input and output voltage. For example, to ensure a 100 mA load current for VOUT = 3.3V, a minimum of 1.1 – 1.2V input voltage is necessary. If an application is powered by one Li-Ion battery (VIN from 3.0V to 4.2V), the maximum load current the MCP16251/2 can deliver is close to 200 mA at 5.0V output (Figure 2-10). 4.2.4 ENABLE The enable pin is used to turn the boost converter on and off. The enable threshold voltage varies with input voltage. To enable the boost converter, the EN voltage level must be greater than 70% of the VIN voltage. To disable the boost converter, the EN voltage must be less than 20% of the VIN voltage. 4.2.5 INTERNAL BIAS The MCP16251/2 gets its start-up bias from VIN. Once the output exceeds the input, bias comes from the output. Therefore, once started, operation is completely independent of VIN. Operation is limited only by the output power level and the input source series resistance. Once started, the output will remain in regulation down to 0.35V input with 1 mA output current for low source impedance inputs. 2013 Microchip Technology Inc. MCP16251/2 4.2.6 INTERNAL COMPENSATION The error amplifier, with its associated compensation network, completes the closed-loop system by comparing the output voltage to a reference at the input of the error amplifier, and feeding the amplified and inverted signal to the control input of the inner current loop. The compensation network provides phase leads and lags at appropriate frequencies to cancel excessive phase lags and leads of the power circuit. All necessary compensation components and slope compensation are integrated. 4.2.7 SHORT CIRCUIT PROTECTION Unlike most boost converters, the MCP16251/2 allows its output to be shorted during normal operation. The internal current limit and overtemperature protection limit excessive stress and protect the device during periods of short circuit, overcurrent and overtemperature. While operating in Input-to-output Bypass mode, the P-Channel current limit is inhibited to minimize quiescent current. 4.2.8 LOW NOISE OPERATION The MCP16251/2 integrates a low noise anti-ring switch that damps the oscillations typically observed at the switch node of a boost converter when operating in the discontinuous inductor current mode. This removes the high frequency radiated noise. 4.2.9 OVERTEMPERATURE PROTECTION Overtemperature protection circuitry is integrated in the MCP16251/2 devices. This circuitry monitors the device junction temperature and shuts the output off if the junction temperature exceeds the typical +160oC. If this threshold is exceeded, the device will automatically restart once the junction temperature drops by 20oC. During the thermal shutdown, the device is periodically looking for temperature; once the temperature of the die drops, the device restarts. Because the device takes its bias from the output (to achieve lower IQ current) while in thermal shutdown state, there is no low reference band gap and the output may be higher than zero for inputs below 1.4V typical. The soft start is reset during an overtemperature condition. 2013 Microchip Technology Inc. DS25173A-page 13 MCP16251/2 5.0 APPLICATION INFORMATION 5.1 Typical Applications The MCP16251/2 synchronous boost regulator operates over a wide input voltage and output voltage range. The power efficiency is high for several decades of load range. Output current capability increases with the input voltage and decreases with the increasing output voltage. The maximum output current is based on the N-Channel peak current limit. Typical characterization curves in this data sheet are presented to display the typical output current capability. The internal Error Amplifier is a transconductance type; its gain is not related to the resistors’ value. There are some potential issues with higher value resistors. For small surface mount resistors, environment contamination can create leakage paths that significantly change the resistor divider ratio and change the output voltage tolerance. Designers should use resistors that are larger than 1 M with precaution; they can be used on limited temperature range (-20 to +85oC). For a lower temperature (down to -40oC), resistors from Examples 1 or 2 are calculated as following: EXAMPLE 4: VOUT = 2.0V 5.2 Adjustable Output Voltage Calculations To calculate the resistor divider values for the MCP16251/2, use Equation 5-1, where RTOP is connected to VOUT, RBOT is connected to GND and both are connected to the VFB input pin. EQUATION 5-1: R TOP V OUT = R BOT ------------- – 1 V FB EXAMPLE 1: VOUT = 2.0V VFB = 1.23V RBOT = 1 M RTOP = 626.01 kwith a standard value of 620 k VOUT is 1.992V) EXAMPLE 2: VOUT = 3.3V VFB = 1.23V RBOT = 1 M RTOP = 1.68 Mwith a standard value of 1.69 M VOUT is 3.308V) EXAMPLE 3: VOUT = 5.0V VFB = 1.23V RBOT = 1 M RTOP = 3.065 M (with a standard value of 3.09 M VOUT is 5.03V) VFB = 1.23V RBOT = 309 k RTOP = 193.44 kwith a standard value of 191 k VOUT is 1.99V) EXAMPLE 5: VOUT = 3.3V VFB = 1.23V RBOT = 309 k RTOP = 520.024 kwith a standard value of 523 k VOUT is 3.311V) Smaller feedback resistor values will increase the quiescent current drained from the battery by a few µA, but will result in good regulation over the entire temperature range. For boost converters, the removal of the feedback resistors during operation must be avoided. In this case, the output voltage will increase above the absolute maximum output limits of the MCP16251/2 and damage the device (for additional informations, see AN1337 Application Note). 5.3 Input Capacitor Selection The boost input current is smoothed by the boost inductor, reducing the amount of filtering necessary at the input. Some capacitance is recommended to provide decoupling from the source. Low ESR X5R or X7R are well suited, since they have a low temperature coefficient and small size. For most applications, 4.7 µF of capacitance is sufficient at the input. For highpower applications that have high-source impedance or long leads, connecting the battery to the input 10 µF of capacitance is recommended. Additional input capacitance can be added to provide a stable input voltage. Table 5-1 contains the recommended range for the input capacitor value. DS25173A-page 14 2013 Microchip Technology Inc. MCP16251/2 5.4 Output Capacitor Selection The output capacitor helps provide a stable output voltage during sudden load transients and reduces the output voltage ripple. As with the input capacitor, X5R and X7R ceramic capacitors are well suited for this application. Using other capacitor types (aluminum or tantalum) with large ESR has impact for the converter's efficiency (see AN1337) and maximum output power. The MCP16251/2 is internally compensated, so the output capacitance range is limited. See Table 5-1 for the recommended output capacitor range. An output capacitance higher than 10 µF adds a better load step response and high-frequency noise attenuation, especially while stepping from light current loads (PFM mode) to heavy current loads (PWM mode). A minimum of 20 µF output capacitance is mandatory while the output drives load steps between heavy load levels. In addition, 2 x 10 µF output capacitors ensure a better recovery of the output after a short period of overloading. While the N-Channel switch is on, the output current is supplied by the output capacitor COUT. The amount of output capacitance and equivalent series resistance will have a significant effect on the output ripple voltage. While COUT provides load current, a voltage drop also appears across its internal ESR that results in ripple voltage. EQUATION 5-2: I OUT 5.5 Inductor Selection The MCP16251/2 is designed to be used with small surface mount inductors; the inductance value can range from 2.2 µH to 6.8 µH. An inductance value of 4.7 µH is recommended to achieve a good balance between the inductor size, converter load transient response and minimized noise. TABLE 5-2: Part Number MCP16251/2 RECOMMENDED INDUCTORS Value DCR (µH) (typ) ISAT (A) Size WxLxH (mm) Coiltronics® SD3112 4.7 0.246 0.80 3.1x3.1x1.2 SD3114 4.7 0.251 1.14 3.1x3.1x1.4 SD3118 4.7 0.162 1.31 3.8x3.8x1.2 SD25 4.7 0.0467 1.83 5.0x5.0x2.5 WE-TPC Type Tiny 4.7 0.100 1.7 2.8x2.8x2.8 WE-TPC Type TH 4.7 0.200 0.8 2.8x2.8x1.35 WE-TPC Type S 4.7 0.105 0.90 3.8x3.8x1.65 WE-TPC Type M 4.7 0.082 1.65 4.8x4.8x1.8 Wurth® Group Sumida Corporation dV = C OUT ------- dt CMD4D06 4.7 0.216 0.75 3.5x4.3x2 CDRH4D 4.7 0.09 0.800 4.6x4.6x1.5 XPL2010 4.7 0.336 0.75 1.9x2x1.0 ME3220 4.7 0.190 1.5 2.5x3.2x2.0 XFL3010 4.7 0.217 1.1 3x3x1.0 XFL3012 4.7 0.143 1.0 3x3x1.2 Coilcraft Where: dV = the ripple voltage and dt - ON time of the N-Channel switch (D x 1/FSW, D is duty cycle) EPL3012 4.7 0.165 1.0 3x3x1.3 Table 5-1 contains the recommended range for the input and output capacitor value. LPS4018 4.7 0.125 1.8 4x4x1.8 XFL4020 4.7 0.052 2.0 4x4x2.1 TABLE 5-1: TDK Corporation CAPACITOR VALUE RANGE CIN COUT Minimum 4.7 µF 10 µF Maximum none 47 µF 2013 Microchip Technology Inc. VLS3015ET -4R7M 4.7 0.113 1.1 3x3x1.5 B82462 G4472M 4.7 0.04 1.8 6x6x3 B82462 A4472M 4.7 0.08 2.8 6x6x3 DS25173A-page 15 MCP16251/2 EQUATION 5-3: Several parameters are used to select the correct inductor: maximum rated current, saturation current and copper resistance (ESR). For boost converters, the inductor current can be much higher than the output current. The lower the inductor ESR, the higher the efficiency of the converter, a common trade-off in size versus efficiency. OUT I OUT V – V OUT I OUT = PDis ----------------------------- Efficiency- The difference between the first term, input power, and the second term, power delivered, is the internal MCP16251/2’s power dissipation. This is an estimate assuming that most of the power lost is internal to the MCP16251/2 and not CIN, COUT and the inductor. There is some percentage of power lost in the boost inductor, with very little loss in the input and output capacitors. For a more accurate estimation of internal power dissipation, subtract the IINRMS2 x LESR power dissipation. The saturation current typically specifies a point at which the inductance has rolled off a percentage of the rated value. This can range from a 20% to 40% reduction in inductance. As the inductance rolls off, the inductor ripple current increases, as does the peak switch current. It is important to keep the inductance from rolling off too much, causing switch current to reach the peak limit. 5.6 Thermal Calculations 5.7 The MCP16251/2 is available in two different packages (SOT-23-6 and 2 x 3 TDFN-8). By calculating the power dissipation and applying the package thermal resistance (JA), the junction temperature is estimated. The maximum continuous junction temperature rating for the MCP16251/2 family of devices is +125oC. PCB Layout Information Good printed circuit board layout techniques are important to any switching circuitry, and switching power supplies are no different. When wiring the switching high current paths, short and wide traces should be used. Therefore, it is important that the input and output capacitors be placed as close as possible to the MCP16251/2 to minimize the loop area. To quickly estimate the internal power dissipation for the switching boost regulator, an empirical calculation using measured efficiency can be used. Given the measured efficiency, the internal power dissipation is estimated by Equation 5-3. The feedback resistors and feedback signal should be routed away from the switching node and the switching current loop. When possible, ground planes and traces should be used to help shield the feedback signal and minimize noise and magnetic interference. Via to GND Plane RBOT RTOP +VOUT +VIN L CIN MCP1625X 1 GND FIGURE 5-1: DS25173A-page 16 COUT GND Via for Enable MCP16251/2 SOT-23-6 Recommended Layout. 2013 Microchip Technology Inc. MCP16251/2 Wired on Bottom Plane L +VIN +VOUT CIN COUT GND MCP1625X RTOP 1 RBOT Enable GND FIGURE 5-2: MCP16251/2 TDFN-8 Recommended Layout. 2013 Microchip Technology Inc. DS25173A-page 17 MCP16251/2 6.0 TYPICAL APPLICATION CIRCUITS L1 4.7 µH Manganese Lithium Dioxide Button Cell VOUT 5.0V @ 5 mA SW V OUT + 2.0V to 3.2V - VIN CIN 4.7 µF 3.09 M VFB EN COUT 10 µF 1 M From PIC® MCU I/O Note: GND For applications that can operate directly from the battery input voltage during Standby mode and require a higher voltage during normal run mode, the MCP16252 device provides input-tooutput bypass, when disabled. Here, the PIC microcontroller is powered by the output of the MCP16252. One of the microcontroller's I/O pins is used to enable and disable the MCP16252, and to control its bias voltage. While in Shutdown mode, the MCP16252 input current is typically 0.6 µA. FIGURE 6-1: DS25173A-page 18 Manganese Lithium Coin Cell Application using I/O Bypass Mode. 2013 Microchip Technology Inc. MCP16251/2 NOTES: 2013 Microchip Technology Inc. DS25173A-page 19 MCP16251/2 7.0 PACKAGING INFORMATION 7.1 Package Marking Information Example: 6-Lead SOT-23 Part Number Code MCP16251T-I/CH MBNN MCP16252T-I/CH MCNN Example: 8-Lead TDFN (2x3x0.75) Part Number Legend: XX...X Y YY WW NNN e3 * Note: DS25173A-page 20 MB25 Code MCP16251T-I/MNY ABP MCP16252T-I/MNY ABQ ABP Customer-specific information Year code (last digit of calendar year) Year code (last 2 digits of calendar year) Week code (week of January 1 is week ‘01’) Alphanumeric traceability code Pb-free JEDEC designator for Matte Tin (Sn) This package is Pb-free. The Pb-free JEDEC designator ( ) e3 can be found on the outer packaging for this package. In the event the full Microchip part number cannot be marked on one line, it will be carried over to the next line, thus limiting the number of available characters for customer-specific information. 2013 Microchip Technology Inc. MCP16251/2 ! /$ !$%$ 0".!1 !!$ 20 &$$"$ $$ ,33... 3 0 b 4 N E E1 PIN 1 ID BY LASER MARK 1 2 3 e e1 D A A2 c φ L A1 L1 4$! !5 $! 6% 9&2! 55## 6 6 67 8 2$ )*+ 7%$!"5"2$ *+ 7-:$ ; ""200!! < ; ) $"&& ; ) 7-="$ # ; ""20="$ # ; < 7-5$ ; /$5$ 5 ; /$ $ 5 ) ; < /$ > ; > 5"0!! < ; 5"="$ 9 ; ) ! !!"#"$%" "&! $%!!"&! $%!!!$'" !"$ #() *+, *! !$'$-%!..$%$$! !" . +<* 2013 Microchip Technology Inc. DS25173A-page 21 MCP16251/2 Note: For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at http://www.microchip.com/packaging DS25173A-page 22 2013 Microchip Technology Inc. MCP16251/2 6-Lead Plastic Small Outline Transistor (CHY) [SOT-23] Note: For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at http://www.microchip.com/packaging b 4 N E E1 PIN 1 ID BY LASER MARK 1 2 3 e e1 D A A2 c φ L A1 L1 Units Dimension Limits Number of Pins MILLIMETERS MIN N NOM MAX 6 Pitch e 0.95 BSC Outside Lead Pitch e1 1.90 BSC Overall Height A 0.90 – Molded Package Thickness A2 0.89 – 1.45 1.30 Standoff A1 0.00 – 0.15 Overall Width E 2.20 – 3.20 Molded Package Width E1 1.30 – 1.80 Overall Length D 2.70 – 3.10 Foot Length L 0.10 – 0.60 Footprint L1 0.35 – 0.80 Foot Angle I 0° – 30° Lead Thickness c 0.08 – 0.26 Lead Width b 0.20 – 0.51 Notes: 1. Dimensions D and E1 do not include mold flash or protrusions. Mold flash or protrusions shall not exceed 0.127 mm per side. 2. Dimensioning and tolerancing per ASME Y14.5M. BSC: Basic Dimension. Theoretically exact value shown without tolerances. Microchip Technology Drawing C04-028B 2013 Microchip Technology Inc. DS25173A-page 23 MCP16251/2 6-Lead Plastic Small Outline Transistor (CHY) [SOT-23] Note: For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at http://www.microchip.com/packaging DS25173A-page 24 2013 Microchip Technology Inc. MCP16251/2 Note: For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at http://www.microchip.com/packaging 2013 Microchip Technology Inc. DS25173A-page 25 MCP16251/2 Note: For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at http://www.microchip.com/packaging DS25173A-page 26 2013 Microchip Technology Inc. MCP16251/2 " # $ %&'*+,,/;<?@E#$ ! /$ !$%$ 0".!1 !!$ 20 &$$"$ $$ ,33... 3 0 2013 Microchip Technology Inc. DS25173A-page 27 MCP16251/2 NOTES: DS25173A-page 28 2013 Microchip Technology Inc. MCP16251/2 APPENDIX A: REVISION HISTORY Revision A (March 2013) • Original Release of this Document. 2013 Microchip Technology Inc. DS25173A-page 29 MCP16251/2 NOTES: DS25173A-page 30 2013 Microchip Technology Inc. MCP16251/2 PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM To order or obtain information, e.g., on pricing or delivery, refer to the factory or the listed sales office. PART NO. X -X /XX Device Tape and Reel Temperature Range Package Device: MCP16251T: Low Quiescent Current, PFM/PWM Synchronous Boost Regulator, True Disconnect Output Shutdown Option (Tape and Reel) MCP16252T: Low Quiescent Current, PFM/PWM Synchronous Boost Regulator, Input-to-Output Bypass Shutdown Option (Tape and Reel) Temperature Range: I Package: CH = Plastic Small Outline Transistor (SOT-23), 6-lead MNY= Lead Plastic Dual Flat, No Lead Package (2x3x0.75 mm TDFN), 8-lead *Y = Examples: a) MCP16251T-I/CH: b) MCP16251T-I/MNY: a) MCP16252T-I/CH: b) MCP16252T-I/MNY: Tape and Reel, Industrial Temperature, 6LD SOT-23 package Tape and Reel, Industrial Temperature, 8LD 2x3 TDFN package Tape and Reel, Industrial Temperature, 6LD SOT-23 package Tape and Reel, Industrial Temperature, 8LD 2x3 TDFN package -40C to+85C(Industrial) = Nickel palladium gold manufacturing designator. 2013 Microchip Technology Inc. DS25173A-page 31 MCP16251/2 NOTES: DS25173A-page 32 2013 Microchip Technology Inc. Note the following details of the code protection feature on Microchip devices: • Microchip products meet the specification contained in their particular Microchip Data Sheet. • Microchip believes that its family of products is one of the most secure families of its kind on the market today, when used in the intended manner and under normal conditions. • There are dishonest and possibly illegal methods used to breach the code protection feature. All of these methods, to our knowledge, require using the Microchip products in a manner outside the operating specifications contained in Microchip’s Data Sheets. Most likely, the person doing so is engaged in theft of intellectual property. • Microchip is willing to work with the customer who is concerned about the integrity of their code. • Neither Microchip nor any other semiconductor manufacturer can guarantee the security of their code. Code protection does not mean that we are guaranteeing the product as “unbreakable.” Code protection is constantly evolving. We at Microchip are committed to continuously improving the code protection features of our products. Attempts to break Microchip’s code protection feature may be a violation of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act. If such acts allow unauthorized access to your software or other copyrighted work, you may have a right to sue for relief under that Act. Information contained in this publication regarding device applications and the like is provided only for your convenience and may be superseded by updates. It is your responsibility to ensure that your application meets with your specifications. MICROCHIP MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND WHETHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WRITTEN OR ORAL, STATUTORY OR OTHERWISE, RELATED TO THE INFORMATION, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ITS CONDITION, QUALITY, PERFORMANCE, MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR PURPOSE. Microchip disclaims all liability arising from this information and its use. Use of Microchip devices in life support and/or safety applications is entirely at the buyer’s risk, and the buyer agrees to defend, indemnify and hold harmless Microchip from any and all damages, claims, suits, or expenses resulting from such use. No licenses are conveyed, implicitly or otherwise, under any Microchip intellectual property rights. Trademarks The Microchip name and logo, the Microchip logo, dsPIC, FlashFlex, KEELOQ, KEELOQ logo, MPLAB, PIC, PICmicro, PICSTART, PIC32 logo, rfPIC, SST, SST Logo, SuperFlash and UNI/O are registered trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. and other countries. FilterLab, Hampshire, HI-TECH C, Linear Active Thermistor, MTP, SEEVAL and The Embedded Control Solutions Company are registered trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. Silicon Storage Technology is a registered trademark of Microchip Technology Inc. in other countries. Analog-for-the-Digital Age, Application Maestro, BodyCom, chipKIT, chipKIT logo, CodeGuard, dsPICDEM, dsPICDEM.net, dsPICworks, dsSPEAK, ECAN, ECONOMONITOR, FanSense, HI-TIDE, In-Circuit Serial Programming, ICSP, Mindi, MiWi, MPASM, MPF, MPLAB Certified logo, MPLIB, MPLINK, mTouch, Omniscient Code Generation, PICC, PICC-18, PICDEM, PICDEM.net, PICkit, PICtail, REAL ICE, rfLAB, Select Mode, SQI, Serial Quad I/O, Total Endurance, TSHARC, UniWinDriver, WiperLock, ZENA and Z-Scale are trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. and other countries. SQTP is a service mark of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. GestIC and ULPP are registered trademarks of Microchip Technology Germany II GmbH & Co. & KG, a subsidiary of Microchip Technology Inc., in other countries. All other trademarks mentioned herein are property of their respective companies. © 2013, Microchip Technology Incorporated, Printed in the U.S.A., All Rights Reserved. Printed on recycled paper. ISBN: 978-1-62077-122-8 QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM CERTIFIED BY DNV == ISO/TS 16949 == 2013 Microchip Technology Inc. Microchip received ISO/TS-16949:2009 certification for its worldwide headquarters, design and wafer fabrication facilities in Chandler and Tempe, Arizona; Gresham, Oregon and design centers in California and India. The Company’s quality system processes and procedures are for its PIC® MCUs and dsPIC® DSCs, KEELOQ® code hopping devices, Serial EEPROMs, microperipherals, nonvolatile memory and analog products. In addition, Microchip’s quality system for the design and manufacture of development systems is ISO 9001:2000 certified. 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