TB3139 MCP19111 PMBus™ Firmware Author: Mihnea Rosu-Hamzescu Microchip Technology Inc. OVERVIEW This document briefly describes the implementation of the PMBus™ Protocol Revision 1.1 with a subset of commands on the Microchip MCP19111 Point-of-Load (POL) converter (ARD00609). 2C bus MCP19111 supports both 100 kHz and 400 kHz I speeds. Addressing is 7-bit, with a default address value of 0x55. The address can be changed using a custom command and stored in the nonvolatile memory. The implementation supports Packet Error Checking (PEC) transparently, based on the number of bytes sent or received. The bus master is signaled using the #SMBALERT pin, which is asserted low when an error occurs. This PMBus implementation does not support master mode communication. The output voltage values are reported using a 16-bit value, which represents only the mantissa. The exponent is found using a separate command. For the rest of the values (input voltage, output current and operating temperature), the 16-bit value has the format shown in Figure 1. A 5-bit exponent (in gray) is followed by an 11-bit mantissa, yielding the value X, as shown in Equation 1. Although not specifically noted, all data is represented in a little-endian form. Data Byte Low Data Byte High 7 6 MSB 5 4 N FIGURE 1: 3 2 1 MSB 0 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Y Linear Data Format. PMBus commands are one-byte command codes. The protocol also specifies “extended” two-byte commands, but this implementation does not offer support for such commands. The firmware implements storing of the default parameters (both PMBus and MCP19111 specific) into nonvolatile memory and restores them either at startup or by user command. PMBus devices generally recognize two data formats: linear and direct. The current implementation uses the linear format: EQUATION 1: X = Y2 N where: X = real value Y = the mantissa N = the exponent For the output voltage, the linear exponent is fixed to -10, giving a resolution of 2-10. For all the other values using this format, the device will report using fixed exponents, but it will accept values with arbitrary exponents. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS90003139A-page 1 TB3139 LIST OF IMPLEMENTED COMMANDS TABLE 1: No. IMPLEMENTED COMMANDS Command Name Code Write/Read Bytes Notes 1 OPERATION 0x01 1/1 2 ON_OFF_CONFIG 0x02 1/1 3 CLEAR_FAULTS 0x03 0/0 4 STORE_DEFAULT_ALL 0x11 0/0 5 RESTORE_DEFAULT_ALL 0x12 0/0 6 VOUT_MODE 0x20 0/1 7 VOUT_COMMAND 0x21 2/2 8 VOUT_TRIM 0x22 2/2 9 VOUT_MAX 0x24 2/2 10 MAX_DUTY 0x32 2/2 Not active 11 FREQUENCY_SWITCH 0x33 2/2 Minimum 100 kHz, maximum 750 kHz 12 VOUT_OV_FAULT_LIMIT 0x40 2/2 13 VOUT_OV_WARN_LIMIT 0x42 2/2 14 VOUT_UV_WARN_LIMIT 0x43 2/2 15 VOUT_UV_FAULT_LIMIT 0x44 2/2 16 IOUT_OC_FAULT_LIMIT 0x46 0/2 Read-only, value writable by manufacturer command 17 IOUT_OC_WARN_LIMIT 0x4A 0/2 Read-only, value writable by manufacturer command 18 OT_FAULT_LIMIT 0x4F 2/2 19 OT_WARN_LIMIT 0x51 2/2 20 VIN_OV_FAULT_LIMIT 0x55 2/2 21 VIN_OV_WARN_LIMIT 0x57 2/2 22 VIN_UV_WARN_LIMIT 0x58 2/2 23 VIN_UV_FAULT_LIMIT 0x59 2/2 24 POWER_GOOD_ON 0x5E 2/2 25 POWER_GOOD_OFF 0x5F 2/2 Read-only, linear format and -10 exponent — TON_DELAY 0x60 2/2 Removed 26 TON_RISE 0x61 2/2 Supports ramps up to 32 ms — TOFF_DELAY 0x64 2/2 Removed 27 TOFF_FALL 0x65 2/2 Supports ramps up to 32 ms 28 STATUS_BYTE 0x78 0/1 29 STATUS_WORD 0x79 0/2 30 STATUS_VOUT 0x7A 0/1 31 STATUS_IOUT 0x7B 0/1 32 STATUS_INPUT 0x7C 0/1 33 STATUS_TEMPERATURE 0x7D 0/1 34 STATUS_CML 0x7E 0/1 35 STATUS_OTHER 0x7F 0/1 36 READ_VIN 0x88 0/2 37 READ_VOUT 0x8B 0/2 38 READ_IOUT 0x8C 0/2 39 READ_TEMPERATURE_1 0x8D 0/2 40 MFR_ID 0x99 0/2 DS90003139A-page 2 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. TB3139 TABLE 1: No. IMPLEMENTED COMMANDS (CONTINUED) Command Name Code Write/Read Bytes 0x9A 0/2 Notes 41 MFR_MODEL 42 MFR_REVISION 0x9B 0/2 43 MFR_SPECIFIC_OCCON 0xD0 1/1 Not active 44 MFR_SPECIFIC_CSGSCON 0xD1 1/1 Not active 45 MFR_SPECIFIC_CSDGCON 0xD2 1/1 Not active 46 MFR_SPECIFIC_CMPZCON 0xD3 1/1 Not active 47 MFR_SPECIFIC_SLPCRCON 0xD4 1/1 Not active 48 MFR_SPECIFIC_DEADCON 0xD5 1/1 Not active 49 MFR_SPECIFIC_ALPHA 0xD6 1/1 α temperature coefficient value 50 MFR_SPECIFIC_I2CADD 0xD7 1/1 I²C address; change activates on next power-up 51 MFR_SPECIFIC_IOUTCHAN 0xDA 1/1 Selects ADC channel for measuring output current 52 MFR_SPECIFIC_HWREGS 0xDB 6/6 Replaces commands 0xD0 through 0xD5 53 MFR_SPECIFIC_OC_SET 0xDC 4/4 Sets IOUT fault and warning limits in ADC units 54 MFR_SPECIFIC_READ_ADC 0xDD 1/2 Reads an arbitrary ADC channel; Write sets the channel 55 MFR_SPECIFIC_VOUTCALIB 0xDE 1/1 56 MFR_SPECIFIC_ICALIB 0xDF 12/12 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. VOUT ADC channel offset correction IOUT polynomial coefficients (3 x 32-bit values) DS90003139A-page 3 TB3139 DESCRIPTION OF MANUFACTURER COMMANDS All manufacturer commands have a PMBus-compliant format, but the data is not in the standard linear format. MFR_SPECIFIC_OCCON This command will read and write the OCCON hardware register. An example of a read transaction using the default 0x55h I2C address is shown in Table 2. TABLE 2: EXAMPLE READ TRANSACTION (DEFAULT 0X55H I²C ADDRESS) Byte Number Byte 1 Byte 2 Byte 3 Byte 4 Command Structure Start Slave Address Write Command Code Restart Slave Address Read OCCON Value Stop Value S 0xAA 0xD0 RS 0xAB 0xE6 P MFR_SPECIFIC_CSGSCON MFR_SPECIFIC_I2CADD This command will read and write the CSGSCON hardware register. The 7-bit I2C address of the device can be read and written using this command. The actual address is not changed immediately; the user must issue a STORE_ALL command and power-down the board. On the next power-up, the new address will be read from the nonvolatile memory and applied. MFR_SPECIFIC_CSDGCON This command will read and write the CSDGCON hardware register. MFR_SPECIFIC_CMPZCON This command will read and write the CMPZCON hardware register. MFR_SPECIFIC_SLPCRCON This command will read and write the SLPCRCON hardware register. MFR_SPECIFIC_DEADCON This command will read and write the DEADCON hardware register. MFR_SPECIFIC_ALPHA The temperature coefficient ALPHA can be read and written using this command. For additional information, see Appendix C: “Calibration Example” from “MCP19111 PMBus-Enabled Point-of-Load (POL) Converter Reference Design User’s Guide” (DS50002379). This command is only valid for the boards using an external temperature sensor to output current temperature compensation. DS90003139A-page 4 MFR_SPECIFIC_IOUTCHAN This command allows the user to change the input ADC channel for reading the output current. This gives greater flexibility in either using the internal amplifier or using an external one. The value read or written is the actual ADC channel code as described in the MCP19110/MCP19111 Data Sheet. MFR_SPECIFIC_HWREGS This command replaces the commands 0xD0 through 0xD5 by reading and writing a block of 6 bytes that represent the values for the hardware configuration registers. The registers are read and written in the data block in the following order: OCCON, CSGSCON, CSDGCON, CMPZCON, SLPCRCON and DEADCON. The values are written directly into the configuration registers so the user must take care if doing this while the converter is on. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. TB3139 Since the coefficients are real numbers and all the calculations are done in integer arithmetic, they need to be scaled to maintain accuracy. The ADC current readings are 10-bit readings and must be converted into volts in order to use the ADC reading directly. Equation 3 provides the conversion equation. MFR_SPECIFIC_OC_SET This command sets and reads the output current warning and fault thresholds in ADC units. The data consists of four bytes: the first two are for the current fault threshold, and the second two for the current warning threshold. The ADC values should be calculated using the function described in the MFR_SPECIFIC_ICALIB section. All data is represented in a little-endian form. EQUATION 3: 5 V = ADC counts --------2 10 IOUT_OC_FAULT_LIMIT IOUT_OC_WARN_LIMIT Byte 1 Byte 2 Byte 1 Byte 2 0 1 2 3 The ADC reference is 5V. The conversion of ADC readings to Amperes is shown in Equation 4: MFR_SPECIFIC_READ_ADC EQUATION 4: This command allows reading an arbitrary ADC channel. Writing a byte using this command will set the ADC channel to that value. Reading two bytes using this command will result in a 12-bit value (4 x 10-bit ADC readings summed together). All data is represented in a little-endian form. 5 2 5 f ADC = a x --------- +bx --------- + c 10 10 2 2 We still need to scale the coefficients to have the common denominator 224: EQUATION 5: MFR_SPECIFIC_VOUTCALIB 2 4 14 24 ax 25 2 + bx 5 2 + c 2 f ADC = ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------24 2 This command reads and writes the output voltage ADC channel offset in ADC units. This is critical because the readings on this channel are used to calibrate the actual output voltage. By scaling the equation coefficients, we obtain the values that are stored into the device: MFR_SPECIFIC_ICALIB EQUATION 6: This command is used to read or write the output current polynomial function coefficients. For the firmware version that doesn't use temperature compensation, the function is second order and uses three coefficients. A = a × 400 B = b × 81920 C = c × 16777216 The MFR_SPECIFIC_ICALIB command will read or write a 12-byte block representing A, B and C (Table 3) each as a long integer (32-bit, signed). All data is represented in little-endian form. EQUATION 2: 2 I OUT = f v = aX + bX + c TABLE 3: MFR_SPECIFIC_ICALIB COMMAND WRITTEN 12-BYTE BLOCK A B LSB MSB LSB C MSB LSB MSB Byte 1 Byte 2 Byte 3 Byte 4 Byte 1 Byte 2 Byte 3 Byte 4 Byte 1 Byte 2 Byte 3 Byte 4 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 For the firmware versions using an external temperature sensor to compensate output current, the equation is just a first order one; instead of A, the ambient temperature reading (T0) will be stored. The value is a 12bit ADC reading of the temperature sensor. For more information, see Appendix C. “Calibration Example” from “MCP19111 PMBus-Enabled Point-ofLoad (POL) Converter Reference Design User’s Guide” (DS50002379). 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS90003139A-page 5 TB3139 CONCLUSION The PMBus protocol implementation on the MCP19111 has a large number of standard commands which allow the device to function properly in any standardized system. The manufacturer commands offer even greater flexibility during the development stage because internal compensation registers and various other settings are accessible at run-time. RECOMMENDED READING The following related documents should be referred to: • MCP19110/MCP19111 Data Sheet – “Digitally Enhanced Power Analog Controller with Integrated Synchronous Driver” (DS20002331) • “PMBus-Enabled Point-of-Load (POL) Converter Reference Design User’s Guide” (DS50002379) • “PMBus Monitoring Graphical User Interface User’s Guide” (DS50002380). DS90003139A-page 6 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. 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