INTERSIL ISL98012

ISL98012
®
Data Sheet
October 15, 2008
1.8V Input PWM Step-Up Regulator
Features
The ISL98012 is a high frequency, high efficiency step-up
DC/DC regulator operated in fixed frequency PWM mode.
With an integrated 1.4A MOSFET, it can deliver up to 600mA
output current at up to 92% efficiency. The adjustable
switching frequency is up to 750kHz, making it ideal for
common boost applications.
• Up to 92% Efficiency
FN6654.0
• Up to 600mA IOUT
• 4.5V < VOUT < 17V
• 1.8V < VIN < 13.2V
• Up to 750kHz Adjustable Frequency
When shut down, it draws <1µA of current. This feature,
along with the minimum starting voltage of 1.8V, makes it
suitable for portable equipment powered by 1 Lithium Ion, 3
to 4 NiMH cells, or 2 cells of alkaline battery.
The ISL98012 is available in a 10 Ld MSOP package, with a
maximum height of 1.1mm. With proper external
components, the whole converter takes less than 0.25in2
PCB space.
This device is specified for operation over the full -40°C to
+85°C temperature range.
• <1µA Shutdown Current
• Adjustable Soft-Start
• Low Battery Detection
• Internal Thermal Protection
• 1.1mm Max Height 10 Ld MSOP Package
• Pb-Free (RoHS compliant)
Applications
• 1.8V to 15V Converters - OLED
Pinout
• 5V to 12V Converters
ISL98012
(10 LD MSOP)
TOP VIEW
• 3V to 5V and 3V to 12V Converters
• TFT-LCD
PGND 1
10 LX
SGND 2
9 VDD
RT 3
8 FB
EN 4
7 SS
LBI 5
6 LBO
• Portable Equipment
Ordering Information
PART NUMBER
(Note)
PART
MARKING
PACKAGE
(Pb-Free)
PKG.
DWG. #
ISL98012IUZ
98012
10 Ld MSOP
MDP0043
ISL98012IUZ-T*
98012
10 Ld MSOP
MDP0043
ISL98012IUZ-TK* 98012
10 Ld MSOP
MDP0043
*Please refer to TB347 for details on reel specifications.
NOTE: These Intersil Pb-free plastic packaged products employ
special Pb-free material sets, molding compounds/die attach
materials, and 100% matte tin plate plus anneal (e3 termination
finish, which is RoHS compliant and compatible with both SnPb and
Pb-free soldering operations). Intersil Pb-free products are MSL
classified at Pb-free peak reflow temperatures that meet or exceed
the Pb-free requirements of IPC/JEDEC J STD-020.
1
CAUTION: These devices are sensitive to electrostatic discharge; follow proper IC Handling Procedures.
1-888-INTERSIL or 1-888-468-3774 | Intersil (and design) is a registered trademark of Intersil Americas Inc.
Copyright Intersil Americas Inc. 2008. All Rights Reserved
All other trademarks mentioned are the property of their respective owners.
ISL98012
Typical Application
L1
VIN
(1.8V TO 9V)
D1
C1
5k
10µF
1
PGND
2
SGND
3
RT
LX 10
VDD
9
FB
8
22µF
C4
0.1µF
R2
R3
113kΩ
C3
56kΩ
EN
1.8V TO 12V
VOUT
(15V UP TO
200mA)
C5
R4
10µH
4
EN
SS
7
5
LBI
LBO
6
R1
C10
10kΩ
4.7nF
20nF
2
FN6654.0
October 15, 2008
ISL98012
Absolute Maximum Ratings (TA = +25°C)
Thermal Information
FB, SS, RT, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -0.3V, 6.5V
LX. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -0.3V, +18V
VDD, EN, LBI, LBO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -0.3V, +12V
Thermal Resistance (Typical, Note 1)
θJA (°C/W)
10 Lead MSOP. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
152
Storage Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .-65°C to +150°C
Operating Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .-40°C to +85°C
Operating Junction Temperature: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . +135°C
Pb-Free Reflow Profile. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .see link below
http://www.intersil.com/pbfree/Pb-FreeReflow.asp
Maximum Operating Conditions
Maximum Operating Frequency. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 750kHz
Minimum Operating Frequency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 380kHz
CAUTION: Do not operate at or near the maximum ratings listed for extended periods of time. Exposure to such conditions may adversely impact product reliability and
result in failures not covered by warranty.
NOTE:
1. θJA is measured with the component mounted on a high effective thermal conductivity test board in free air. See Tech Brief TB379 for details.
IMPORTANT NOTE: All parameters having Min/Max specifications are guaranteed. Typ values are for information purposes only. Unless otherwise noted, all tests are
at the specified temperature and are pulsed tests, therefore: TJ = TC = TA
.
Electrical Specifications
PARAMETER
VIN = 5V, VOUT = 12V, L = 10µH, IOUT = 0mA, RT = 56kΩ, TA = +25°C, Unless Otherwise Specified.
DESCRIPTION
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNIT
VIN
Input Voltage Range
R4 must ensure VDD ≤ 12V
1.8
13.2
V
VOUT
Output Voltage Range
Note 2
4.5
17
V
IQ1
Quiescent Current - Shut-down
VEN = 0, feedback resistors disconnected
1
µA
IQ2
Quiescent Current
VEN = 2V, Continuous operation
1.4
2
mA
VFB
Feedback Voltage
1.33
1.37
V
IFB
Feedback Input Bias Current
0.10
µA
DMAX
Maximum Duty Cycle
ILIM
Current Limit - Max Peak Input Current
IEN
Enable Input Bias Current
VLBI
LBI Threshold Voltage
VOL-LBO
LBO Output Low
ILEAK-LBO
1.29
0 < VFB < 1.5V
89.5
92
%
1
1.4
A
1
µA
220
250
mV
ILBO = 1mA
0.1
0.2
V
LBO Output Leakage Current
VLBI = 250mV, VLBO = 5V
0.02
2
µA
RDS(ON)
Switch On Resistance
At 12V output
220
ILEAK-SWITCH
Switch Leakage Current
LX = 18V
180
ΔVOUT/ΔVIN/VOUT Line Regulation
3V < VIN < 6V, VOUT = 12V, no load
ΔVOUT/VOUT
Load Regulation
ISS
mΩ
1
µA
0.4
%/V
IOUT = 50mA to 150mA
1
%
Soft Start Current
0 < VSS< 0.1V
12
µA
VRT
Voltage at RT for Bias Current
RT = 56kΩ
1.34
V
fOSC1
Switching Frequency
RT = 56kΩ
VHI_EN
EN Input High Threshold
VLO_EN
EN Input Low Threshold
600
670
750
1.6
kHz
V
0.5
V
NOTE:
2. Minimum VOUT of 4.5V is tested with VIN = 1.8V.
3
FN6654.0
October 15, 2008
ISL98012
Pin Descriptions
PIN NUMBER
PIN NAME
PIN FUNCTION
1
PGND
Power ground; connected to the source of internal N-Channel power MOSFET
2
SGND
Signal ground; ground reference for all the control circuitry; needs to have only a single connection to PGND
3
RT
Timing resistor to adjust the oscillation frequency of the converter. Resistor value on RT pin determines
frequency. Range varies from RT = 49.9kΩ for 750kHz and RT = 100kΩ for 380kHz
4
EN
Chip enable; connects to logic HI (>1.6V) for chip to function
5
LBI
Low battery input; connects to a sensing voltage, or connect to GND if function is not used
6
LBO
Low battery detection output; connected to the open drain of a MOSFET; able to sink 1mA current
7
SS
Soft-start; connects to a capacitor to control the start-up of the converter. During start-up, VSS controls the
current limit and hence the in-rush current.
8
FB
Voltage feedback input; needs to connect to resistor divider to decide VO
9
VDD
10
LX
Control circuit positive supply
Inductor drive pin; connected to the drain of internal N-Channel power MOSFET
Block Diagram
VOUT = 15V
10µA
113k
VIN
10kΩ
5kΩ
4.7nF
22µF
0.1µF
FB
10µF
VDD
LX
THERMAL
SHUT-DOWN
MAX_DUTY
RT
REFERENCE
GENERATOR
56kΩ
VREF
VRAMP
PWM
LOGIC
PWM
COMPARATOR
0.2Ω
EN
LBO
12µA
LBI
+
+
START-UP
OSCILLATOR
ILOUT
80mΩ
7.2kΩ
220mV
SGND
SS
PGND
20nF
4
FN6654.0
October 15, 2008
ISL98012
Typical Performance Curves
92
90
EFFICIENCY (%)
EFFICIENCY (%)
90
80
VIN @ 1.8V
VIN @ 3.3V
70
88
86
84
82
60
80
0
50
100
150
200
IOUT (mA)
250
300
0
FIGURE 1. EFFICIENCY vs IOUT, VO = 15V
1.6
92
1.5
90
300 400
IOUT (mA)
500
600
700
VDD = 10V, VO = 12V TO 17V
CONTINUOUS MODE
1.4
88
IDD (mA)
EFFICIENCY (%)
200
FIGURE 2. EFFICIENCY vs IOUT, VIN = 3.3V, VO = 5V
94
86
84
1.3
1.2
1.1
82
1.0
80
78
100
0
100
200
300
400
500
0.9
300
600
400
IOUT (mA)
500
600
700
800
FREQUENCY (kHz)
FIGURE 3. EFFICIENCY vs IOUT, VIN = 5V, VO = 12V
FIGURE 4. IDD vs FS
80
RT = 51.1kΩ
VDD = 10V
FREQUENCY (kHz)
750
FS (kHz)
RT = 71.5kΩ
RT = 100kΩ
RT = 200kΩ
200
6
7
8
9
10
VDD (V)
FIGURE 5. FS vs VDD
5
11
60
50
40
0
5
70
12
30
40
60
80
100
120
R (kΩ)
FIGURE 6. FS vs RT
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October 15, 2008
ISL98012
Typical Performance Curves
(Continued)
OUTPUT RIPPLE
OUTPUT RIPPLE
INPUT RIPPLE
INPUT RIPPLE
LX
LX
ILX
ILX
FIGURE 7. STEADY STATE OPERATION (INDUCTOR
DISCONTINUOUS CONDUCTION), VIN = 3.3V,
VO = 15V, IO < 1mA
ΔVIN
50mV/DIV
FIGURE 8. STEADY STATE OPERATION (INDUCTOR
CONTINUOUS CONDUCTION), VIN = 3.3V,
VO = 15V, IO = 30mA
ΔVIN
50mV/DIV
VLX
10V/DIV
ΔVO
20mV/DIV
10V/DIV
VLX
20mV/DIV
ΔVO
IL
IL
0.5A/DIV
0.5A/DIV
1.0µs/DIV
1.0µs/DIV
FIGURE 9. STEADY STATE OPERATION (INDUCTOR
DISCONTINUOUS CONDUCTION), VIN = 5V,
VO = 12V, IO = 30mA
FIGURE 10. STEADY STATE OPERATION (INDUCTOR
CONTINUOUS CONDUCTION), VIN = 5V,
VO = 12V, IO = 300mA
2V/DIV
5V/DIV
ΔVIN
ILX
VO
0.5A/DIV
IL
0.5ms/DIV
FIGURE 11. POWER-UP, VIN = 3.3V, VO = 15V, IO = 30mA
6
FIGURE 12. POWER-UP, VIN = 5V, VO = 12V, IO = 300mA
FN6654.0
October 15, 2008
ISL98012
Typical Performance Curves
(Continued)
IO
OUTPUT LOAD CURRENT
100mA/DIV
ΔVO
0.5V/DIV
0.2ms/DIV
FIGURE 13. LOAD TRANSIENT RESPONSE 10mA TO 30mA,
VIN = 1.8V, FREQ = 56.2k, VO = 15V,
IO = 10mA TO 30mA
FIGURE 14. LOAD TRANSIENT RESPONSE, VIN = 5V,
VO = 12V, IO = 50mA TO 300mA
10mV/DIV
10mV/DIV
FIGURE 15. OUTPUT RIPPLE, VIN = 1.8V, VO = 15V, IO = 30mA
Applications Information
The ISL98012 is a fixed frequency step-up pulse-width
modulation (PWM) regulator. The input voltage range is 1.8V
to 13.2V and output voltage range is 4.5V to 17V. The
switching frequency (up to 750kHz) is decided by the
resistor connected to RT pin.
Start-Up
During start-up, as VDD reaches a threshold of about 1.6V, a
start-up oscillator generates a fixed duty-ratio of 0.5 to 0.7 at
a frequency of several hundred kHz. This will boost the
output voltage.
When VDD reaches about 3.7V, the PWM comparator takes
over control. The duty ratio will be decided by the least of the
multiple-input direct summing comparator, the Max_Duty
signal (about 92% duty-ratio), or the Current Limit
Comparator.
7
FIGURE 16. OUTPUT RIPPLE, VIN = 3.3V, VO = 15V, IO = 30mA
Soft-start is provided by ramping up the current limit
comparator. An internal 12µA current source charges the
external CSS capacitor. The peak MOSFET current is limited
by the voltage on this capacitor. This in turn controls the
rising rate of the output voltage.
The regulator goes through the same start-up sequence as
well after the EN signal is pulled to HI.
Steady-State Operation
When the output reaches the preset voltage, the regulator
operates in steady state. Depending on the input/output
conditions and component values, the inductor operates in
either continuous-conduction mode or discontinuous-conduction
mode.
In continuous-conduction mode, inductor current is a
triangular waveform and LX voltage a pulse waveform. In
discontinuous-conduction mode, inductor current has
FN6654.0
October 15, 2008
ISL98012
completely dried out before the MOSFET is turned on again.
The input voltage source, the inductor, and the MOSFET and
output diode parasitic capacitors form a resonant circuit.
Oscillation will occur in this period. This oscillation is normal
and will not affect regulation.
At very low load, the MOSFET will skip pulses sometimes;
this is normal.
Current Limit
The MOSFET current limit is nominally 1.4A and guaranteed
1A. This restricts the maximum output current IOMAX based
on Equation 1:
V IN
ΔI L
I OMAX = ⎛ 1 – --------⎞ × --------⎝
2 ⎠ VO
(EQ. 1)
where:
The inductor has peak and average current decided by
Equations 4 and 5:
ΔI L
I LPK = I LAVG + -------2
(EQ. 4)
IO
I LAVG = ------------1–D
(EQ. 5)
The inductor should be chosen to handle this current.
Furthermore, due to fixed internal compensation, it is
recommended that maximum inductance of 10µH and 15µH
be used in the 5V and 12V or higher output voltage,
respectively.
The output diode has an average current of IO and peak
current is the same as the inductor's peak current. A
Schottky diode is recommended and it should be able to
handle those currents.
• ΔIL is the inductor peak-to-peak current ripple and is
decided by Equation 2:
The output voltage ripple can be calculated as Equation 6:
V IN D
ΔI L = --------- × ----L
fS
IO × D
ΔV O = ---------------------- + I LPK × ESR
FS × CO
(EQ. 2)
• D is the MOSFET turn-on ratio and is decided by
Equation 3:
(EQ. 6)
Where:
• CO is the output capacitance.
V O – V IN
D = -----------------------VO
(EQ. 3)
• fS is the switching frequency
Table1 gives typical values:
TABLE 1. MAX CONTINUOUS OUTPUT CURRENTS
• The ESR is the output capacitor ESR value.
Low ESR capacitors should be used to minimize output
voltage ripple. Multilayer ceramic capacitors (X5R and X7R)
are preferred for output capacitors since they have a low
ESR and small packages. Tantalum capacitors also can be
used, but they take more board space and have higher ESR.
A minimum of 22µF output capacitor is sufficient for high
output current application. For lower output current, the
output capacitor can be smaller, like 4.7µF. The capacitor
should always have enough voltage rating. In addition to the
voltage rating, the output capacitor should also be able to
handle the RMS current, which is given by Equation 7:
VIN
(V)
VO
(V)
L
(µH)
fS
(kHz)
IOMAX
(mA)
2
5
10
750
360
2
9
10
750
190
2
12
10
750
140
3.3
5
10
750
600
3.3
9
10
750
310
3.3
12
10
750
230
5
9
10
750
470
Output Voltage
5
12
10
750
340
9
12
10
750
630
12
15
10
750
670
An external resistor divider is required to divide the output
voltage down to the nominal reference voltage. The current
drawn by the resistor network should be limited to maintain
the overall converter efficiency. The maximum value of the
resistor network is limited by the feedback input bias current
and the potential for noise being coupled into the feedback
pin. A resistor network less than 300kΩ is recommended.
Component Considerations
It is recommended that CIN is larger than 10µF.
Theoretically, the input capacitor has a ripple current of ΔIL.
Due to high-frequency noise in the circuit, the input current
ripple may exceed the theoretical value. A larger capacitor
will reduce the ripple further.
8
I CORMS =
2
⎛
⎞
ΔI L
1
( 1 – D ) × ⎜ D + -------------------- × ------ ⎟ × I LAVG
⎜
2 12 ⎟
I LAVG
⎝
⎠
(EQ. 7)
FN6654.0
October 15, 2008
ISL98012
The boost converter output voltage is determined by the
relationship in Equation 8:
R 2⎞
⎛
V OUT = V FB × ⎜ 1 + -------⎟
R 1⎠
⎝
(EQ. 8)
where VFB slightly changes with VDD.
RC Filter
The maximum voltage rating for the VDD pin is 12V. An RC
filter is recommended to clean the output ripple before
bootstrapping the part. For bootstrapped applications with
VOUT greater than 10V, R4 can drop VOUT for coupling into
the VDD pin and is given by Equation 9:
V O – 10
R 4 = --------------------I DD
(EQ. 9)
where IDD is shown in the IDD vs fS curve. Otherwise, R4
can be 10Ω to 51Ω with C4 = 0.1µF.
Thermal Performance
The ISL98012 uses a fused-lead package, which has a
reduced θJA of +100°C/W on a four-layer board and
+115°C/W on a two-layer board. Maximizing copper around
the ground pins will improve the thermal performance.
Layout Considerations
The layout is very important for the converter to function
properly. power ground ( ) and signal ground ( ) should
be separated to ensure that the high pulse current in the
power ground never interferes with the sensitive signals
connected to signal ground. They should only be connected
at one point.
The trace connected to pin 8 (FB) is the most sensitive trace.
It needs to be as short as possible and in a “quiet” place,
preferably between PGND or SGND traces.
In addition, the bypass capacitor connected to the VDD pin
needs to be as close to the pin as possible.
The heat of the chip is mainly dissipated through the SGND
pin. Maximizing the copper area around it is preferable. In
addition, a solid ground plane is always helpful for the EMI
performance.
The demo board is a good example of layout based on these
principles. Please refer to the ISL98012 Technical Brief for
the layout. http://www.intersil.com/data/tb/tb429.pdf
This chip also has internal thermal shut-down set at around
+135°C to protect the component.
9
FN6654.0
October 15, 2008
ISL98012
Mini SO Package Family (MSOP)
0.25 M C A B
D
MINI SO PACKAGE FAMILY
(N/2)+1
N
E
MDP0043
A
E1
MILLIMETERS
PIN #1
I.D.
1
B
(N/2)
e
H
C
SEATING
PLANE
0.10 C
N LEADS
SYMBOL
MSOP8
MSOP10
TOLERANCE
NOTES
A
1.10
1.10
Max.
-
A1
0.10
0.10
±0.05
-
A2
0.86
0.86
±0.09
-
b
0.33
0.23
+0.07/-0.08
-
c
0.18
0.18
±0.05
-
D
3.00
3.00
±0.10
1, 3
E
4.90
4.90
±0.15
-
E1
3.00
3.00
±0.10
2, 3
e
0.65
0.50
Basic
-
L
0.55
0.55
±0.15
-
L1
0.95
0.95
Basic
-
N
8
10
Reference
-
0.08 M C A B
b
Rev. D 2/07
NOTES:
1. Plastic or metal protrusions of 0.15mm maximum per side are not
included.
L1
2. Plastic interlead protrusions of 0.25mm maximum per side are
not included.
A
3. Dimensions “D” and “E1” are measured at Datum Plane “H”.
4. Dimensioning and tolerancing per ASME Y14.5M-1994.
c
SEE DETAIL "X"
A2
GAUGE
PLANE
L
A1
0.25
3¬¨¬®¬
DETAIL X
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Intersil Corporation’s quality certifications can be viewed at www.intersil.com/design/quality
Intersil products are sold by description only. Intersil Corporation reserves the right to make changes in circuit design, software and/or specifications at any time without
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reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Intersil or its subsidiaries for its use; nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties which may result
from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Intersil or its subsidiaries.
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10
FN6654.0
October 15, 2008