PCA8539
100 x 18 Chip-On-Glass automotive LCD dot matrix driver
Rev. 2 — 12 September 2014
Product data sheet
1. General description
The PCA8539 is a fully featured Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)1 driver, specifically designed
for high-contrast Vertical Alignment (VA) LCD with multiplex rates up to 1:18. It generates
the drive signals for multiplexed LCD containing up to 18 backplanes, 100 segments, and
up to 1800 elements/segments. The PCA8539 features an internal charge pump with
internal capacitors for on-chip generation of the LCD driving voltage. To ensure an optimal
and stable contrast over the full temperature range, the PCA8539 offers a programmable
temperature compensation of the LCD supply voltage. The PCA8539 can be easily
connected to a microcontroller by either the two-line I2C-bus or a four-line bidirectional
SPI-bus.
For a selection of NXP LCD graphic drivers, see Table 50 on page 86.
2. Features and benefits
1.
AEC Q100 grade 2 compliant for automotive applications
Single-chip LCD controller and driver
Extended operating temperature range from 40 C to +105 C
100 segments and 18 backplanes allowing to drive any graphic with up to 1800
elements
On-chip:
Configurable 4, 3, or 2 times voltage multiplier generating LCD supply voltage,
independent of VDD, programmable by instruction (external supply also possible)
Integrated temperature sensor with temperature readout
Temperature compensation of on-chip generated VLCDOUT. Selectable linear
temperature compensation of VLCD
Generation of intermediate LCD bias voltages
Oscillator requires no external components (external clock also possible)
Readout of RAM and registers possible
Diagnostic features:
Checksum on I2C and SPI bus
Frame frequency: programmable from 45 Hz to 360 Hz
2960-bit RAM for storage (1800 bit for display data)
Two-line I2C-bus interface or four-line SPI bus
Multiplex drive mode 1:18 and 1:12
Inversion modes
n-line (n = 1 to 7) inversion
The definition of the abbreviations and acronyms used in this data sheet can be found in Section 20.
PCA8539
NXP Semiconductors
100 x 18 Chip-On-Glass automotive LCD dot matrix driver
Frame inversion
Large supply voltage range: VDD1: 2.5 V to 5.5 V (chip can be driven with battery cells)
Analog supply voltage VDD2: 2.5 V to 5.5 V
LCD supply voltage VLCD: 4 V to 16 V
Very low current consumption (20 A to 200 A):
Power-down mode: < 2 A
3. Applications
Automotive
Instrument clusters
Climate control display
Car entertainment
Car radio
Industrial
Medical and health care
Measuring equipment
Machine control systems
Information boards
General-purpose display modules
Consumer
White goods
Home entertainment
PCA8539
Product data sheet
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PCA8539
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100 x 18 Chip-On-Glass automotive LCD dot matrix driver
4. Ordering information
Table 1.
Ordering information
Type number
PCA8539DUG
Package
Name
Description
Version
bare die
244 bumps
PCA8539DUG
4.1 Ordering options
Table 2.
Ordering options
Product type number
Sales item (12NC)
Orderable part
number
IC
revision
PCA8539DUG/DA
935301519033
PCA8539DUG/DAZ 1
Delivery form
chips with gold bumps in tray
5. Marking
Each die has a laser marking on the rear side. The format is LLLLLLLWWXXXXXX
having the following meaning:
LLLLLLL - wafer lot number
WW - wafer number
XXXXXX - die identification number
PCA8539
Product data sheet
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PCA8539
NXP Semiconductors
100 x 18 Chip-On-Glass automotive LCD dot matrix driver
6. Block diagram
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Block diagram of PCA8539
PCA8539
Product data sheet
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NXP Semiconductors
PCA8539
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Pin configuration for PCA8539DUG
DDD
PCA8539
5 of 95
© NXP Semiconductors N.V. 2014. All rights reserved.
Fig 2.
[
3&$
100 x 18 Chip-On-Glass automotive LCD dot matrix driver
Rev. 2 — 12 September 2014
All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers.
&20
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7.1 Pinning
Product data sheet
7. Pinning information
PCA8539
NXP Semiconductors
100 x 18 Chip-On-Glass automotive LCD dot matrix driver
7.2 Pin description
Table 3.
Pin description of PCA8539DUG
Input or input/output pins must always be at a defined level (VSS or VDD) unless otherwise specified.
Symbol
Pin
Type
Description
output
LCD backplane
132 to 231
output
LCD segment driver output
10 to 13
Backplane output pins
COM13
1 to 3
COM14
4, 5
COM15
6, 7
COM16
8, 9, 232, 233
COM17
110, 111, 130,
131
COM7
112, 113
COM6
114, 115
COM5
116 to 118
COM4
119 to 121
COM3
122, 123
COM2
124, 125
COM1
126, 127
COM0
128, 129
COM8
234, 235
COM9
236, 237
COM10
238, 239
COM11
240, 241
COM12
242 to 244
Segment output pins
S99 to S0
VLCD pins
supply
VLCD input
VLCDSENSE 14 to 16
input
VLCD regulation input
VLCDOUT
17 to 20
output
VLCD output
VSS2[1]
21 to 30
supply
ground supply
VSS3[1]
31 to 34
VSS1[1]
35 to 47
VDD1
61 to 65
supply
supply voltage 1
VDD2
66 to 73
supply
supply voltage 2
PWROUT
81, 82
output
regulated voltage output; must be connected to PWRIN
PWRIN
83 to 89
input
regulated voltage input; must be connected to PWROUT
T1
48, 49
input
not accessible; must be connected to VSS1
T2
50, 51
T4
52 to 54
output
not accessible; must be left open
VLCDIN
Supply pins
Test pins
PCA8539
Product data sheet
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PCA8539
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100 x 18 Chip-On-Glass automotive LCD dot matrix driver
Table 3.
Pin description of PCA8539DUG …continued
Input or input/output pins must always be at a defined level (VSS or VDD) unless otherwise specified.
Symbol
Pin
Type
Description
T3
76 to 80
input
not accessible; must be connected to PWROUT
Oscillator, synchronization, and reset pins
OSC[2]
55, 56
input
clock (internal/external) selector
PD
74, 75
input
power-down mode select
•
•
for normal operation, pin PD must be LOW
for power-down mode, pin PD must be HIGH
CLK
92 to 94
input/output
internal oscillator output, external oscillator input
RST
95, 96
input
active LOW reset input
Bus-related pins
SA0
57, 58
input
SPI-bus
I2C-bus
unused;
slave address selector;
•
connect to VSS1
•
•
connect to VSS1 for logic 0
connect to VDD1 for logic 1
interface selector input
IFS
59, 60
input
interface selector input
CE
90, 91
input
chip enable input (active LOW)
unused
•
connect to VSS1
•
•
connect to VDD1
connect to VDD1
SDI/SDAIN
97 to 99
input
SPI-bus data input
I2C-bus
SDO
100, 101
output
SPI serial data output
unused
•
serial data input
must be left open
SCL
102 to 104
input
serial clock input
serial clock input
SDAOUT
105 to 109
output
unused
serial data output
•
must be connected to VSS1
[1]
The substrate (rear side of the die) is at VSS1 potential and must not be connected.
[2]
If pin OSC is tied to VSS1, CLK is the output pin of the internal oscillator. If pin OSC is tied to VDD1, CLK is the input pin for the external
oscillator.
PCA8539
Product data sheet
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100 x 18 Chip-On-Glass automotive LCD dot matrix driver
8. Functional description
8.1 Commands of PCA8539
The commands defined in Table 5 control the PCA8539.
The sequence to execute a command is like shown in Table 4:
Table 4.
Bus
Command execution sequence
Byte 1
Byte 2
I2C
address[1]
slave
SPI
R/W[2] + subaddress[4]
+
R/W[2]
Byte 3
RS[1:0][3]
command
CO + RS[1:0][3]
command
CO +
[1]
More about the slave address, see Section 9.2.7.
[2]
See Section 9.2.7 and Section 9.3.1.
[3]
See Section 9.1.
[4]
More about the subaddress, see Section 9.3.1.
Remark: Any other combinations of operation code bits that are not mentioned in this
document can lead to undesired operation modes of PCA8539.
Table 5.
Commands of PCA8539
Bit positions labeled as - are not implemented have to be always written with 0.
Command name
R/W Command Bits
select
RS[1:0]
Reference
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
Section 8.1.1.1
Clear_reset_flag
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
Section 8.1.1.2
OTP_refresh
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
Section 8.1.1.3
General control commands
Initialize
0
0
0
Clock_out_ctrl
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
COE
Section 8.1.1.4
Read_reg_select
0
0
0
0
0
1
XC
SO
Section 8.1.1.5
Read_status_reg
1
TD[7:0]
Section 8.1.1.6
CS[7:0]
Status_Register_1 to Status_Register_9
Graphic_mode_cfg
0
1
0
1
0
GMX
Sel_mem_bank
0
0
0
1
0
SMB[2:0]
Set_mem_addr
1
ADD[6:0]
Read_data
0
1
0
1
Write_data
0
PCA8539
Product data sheet
Section 8.1.1.7
Section 8.1.1.8
Section 8.1.1.10
0
0
RD[4:0]
WD[7:0]
0
-
Section 8.1.1.9
RD[7:0]
0
-
0
Section 8.1.1.11
0
WD[4:0]
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100 x 18 Chip-On-Glass automotive LCD dot matrix driver
Table 5.
Commands of PCA8539 …continued
Bit positions labeled as - are not implemented have to be always written with 0.
Command name
R/W Command Bits
select
Reference
RS[1:0]
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
I_D
-
Inversion_mode
0
1
0
0
0
INV[2:0]
Frame_frequency
1
0
0
FF[4:0]
Display_control
0
0
1
0
0
D
-
-
Section 8.1.2.4
Display_config
0
0
0
0
0
1
P
-
Section 8.1.2.5
0
CPE
CPC[1:0]
Section 8.1.3.1
Display control commands
Entry_mode_set
0
0
Section 8.1.2.1
Section 8.1.2.2
Section 8.1.2.3
Charge pump and LCD bias control commands
Charge_pump_ctrl
0
1
1
Set_VLCD
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
VLCD[8:4]
1
0
0
1
VLCD[3:0]
0
0
0
Section 8.1.3.2
Temperature compensation control commands
Temperature_ctrl
0
1
1
0
TC_slope
0
TCE
TMF
0
0
0
0
1
TSA[2:0]
0
0
0
1
0
TSB[2:0]
0
0
0
1
1
TSC[2:0]
0
0
1
0
0
TSD[2:0]
TME
Section 8.1.4.1
Section 8.1.4.2
8.1.1 General control commands
8.1.1.1
Command: Initialize
This command generates a chip-wide reset by setting all command registers to their
default values. It must be sent to the PCA8539 after power-on. For further information,
see Section 8.2.1 on page 21.
Table 6.
Bit
8.1.1.2
Initialize - Initialize command bit description
Symbol
Value
Description
-
R/W
0
fixed value
-
RS[1:0]
00
fixed value
7 to 0
-
00000001
initialize
Command: Clear_reset_flag
The Clear_reset_flag command clears the reset flag CRF, see Table 11 on page 11.
Table 7.
PCA8539
Product data sheet
Clear_reset_flag - Clear_reset_flag command bit description
Bit
Symbol
Value
Description
-
R/W
0
fixed value
-
RS[1:0]
00
fixed value
7 to 0
-
00011111
clear reset status flag
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PCA8539
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100 x 18 Chip-On-Glass automotive LCD dot matrix driver
8.1.1.3
Command: OTP_refresh
In order to achieve the specified accuracy of the VLCD, the frame frequency, and the
temperature measurement, each IC is calibrated during production. These calibration
values are stored in One Time Programmable (OTP) cells. Their content is loaded into the
associated registers every time when the Initialize command or the OTP_refresh
command is sent. This command takes approximately 10 ms to finish.
Table 8.
8.1.1.4
OTP_refresh - OTP_refresh command bit description
Bit
Symbol
Value
Description
-
R/W
0
fixed value
-
RS[1:0]
00
fixed value
7 to 0
-
00000010
refresh register settings from OTP
Command: Clock_out_ctrl
When pin CLK is configured as an output pin, the Clock_out_ctrl command enables or
disables the clock output on pin CLK.
Table 9.
Clock_out_ctrl - CLK pin input/output switch command bit description
Bit
Symbol
Value
Description
-
R/W
0
fixed value
-
RS[1:0]
00
fixed value
7 to 1
-
0010000
0
COE
[1]
fixed value
CLK pin setting
0[1]
clock signal not available on pin CLK;
pin CLK is in 3-state
1
clock signal available on pin CLK
Default value.
For lower power consumption, the clock is only active when display (see Table 21),
charge pump (see Table 23), or temperature measurement (see Table 25) is enabled.
8.1.1.5
Command: Read_reg_select
The Read_reg_select command allows choosing to read out the temperature or the status
registers Checksum to Status_Register_9 of the device (see Table 11).
Table 10.
Bit
Symbol
Value
Description
-
R/W
0
fixed value
-
RS[1:0]
00
fixed value
7 to 2
-
000001
1
XC
0
[1]
PCA8539
Product data sheet
Read_reg_select - select registers for readout command bit description
fixed value
checksum mode setting
0[1]
XOR checksum
1
CRC-8 checksum
SO
readout select
0[1]
temperature
1
status registers
Default value.
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100 x 18 Chip-On-Glass automotive LCD dot matrix driver
8.1.1.6
Command: Read_status_reg
With the Read_status_reg command the temperature, checksum, and the status registers
can be read out. The behavior of the Read_status_reg command is controlled by the SO
bit of the Read_reg_select command (see Table 10).
Table 11.
Read_status_reg - readout register command bit description
Bit
Symbol
Value
Description
-
R/W
1
fixed value
-
RS[1:0]
00
fixed value
Temperature readout if SO = 0 (see Table 10)
7 to 0
TD[7:0]
00000000 to
11111111[1]
temperature readout
Status readout if SO = 1 (see Table 10)
Checksum
7 to 0
00000000[1] to checksum result from RAM writing with
11111111
checksum mode set by bit XC (see Table 10)
CS[7:0]
Status_Register_1
7
-
6
GMX
0
fixed value
5, 4
-
00
fixed value
3
I_D
see Table 17
address stepping select status
2 to 0
-
000
fixed value
multiplex drive mode setting status
Status_Register_2
7 to 5
INV[2:0]
see Table 18
inversion mode setting status
4 to 0
FF[4:0]
see Table 20
frame frequency setting status
Status_Register_3
7
D
see Table 21
display setting status
6 to 2
-
00000
fixed value
1
P
see Table 22
display segment setting status
0
-
0
fixed value
Status_Register_4
7 to 5
-
000
fixed value
4
CPE
see Table 23
charge pump setting status
3
-
0
fixed value
2, 1
CPC[1:0]
see Table 23
charge pump voltage multiplier setting
status
0
VLCD8
see Table 24
VLCD values setting
see Table 24
VLCD values setting
see Table 25
temperature compensation setting status
Status_Register_5
7 to 0
VLCD[7:0]
Status_Register_6
PCA8539
Product data sheet
7
TCE
6
TMF
temperature measurement filter setting
status
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Table 11.
Read_status_reg - readout register command bit description …continued
Bit
Symbol
Value
Description
5 to 3
TSA[2:0]
see Table 26
temperature compensation slope A setting
status
2 to 0
TSB[2:0]
temperature compensation slope B setting
status
Status_Register_7
7
TME
see Table 25
temperature measurement setting status
6 to 4
TSC[2:0]
see Table 26
temperature compensation slope C setting
status
3 to 1
TSD[2:0]
0
-
temperature compensation slope D setting
status
0
fixed value
00000000
fixed value
00000
fixed value
Status_Register_8
7 to 0
-
Status_Register_9
7 to 3
-
2
QPR
1
8.1.1.7
charge pump has not reached programmed
value
1
charge pump has reached programmed value
CRF
0
[1]
charge pump charge status
0
reset flag status
the reset flag is set whenever a reset occurs; it
should be cleared for reset monitoring (see
Table 7)
COE
0
no reset has occurred since the reset flag
register was cleared last time
1[1]
reset has occurred since the reset flag
register was cleared last time
see Table 9
CLK pin setting status
Start-up value.
Command: Graphic_mode_cfg
The Graphic_mode_cfg command allows setting the multiplex drive mode.
Table 12.
Graphic_mode_cfg - graphic mode command bit description
Bit
Symbol
Value
Description
-
R/W
0
fixed value
-
RS[1:0]
00
fixed value
7 to 3
-
01010
fixed value
2
GMX
multiplex drive mode setting
0
1:18 multiplex drive mode
1[1]
1, 0
PCA8539
Product data sheet
-
-
-[2]
[1]
Default value.
[2]
Not implemented, have to be always written with 0.
1:12 multiplex drive mode
not implemented
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8.1.1.8
Command: Sel_mem_bank
The Sel_mem_bank command determines which RAM to access.
Table 13.
Bit
Symbol
Value
Description
-
R/W
0
fixed value
-
RS[1:0]
00
fixed value
7 to 3
-
00010
fixed value
2 to 0
SMB[2:0]
[1]
8.1.1.9
Sel_mem_bank - RAM access configuration command
RAM access select
000[1]
general-purpose RAM 1 is selected
001
display RAM bank 1 is selected
010
display RAM bank 2 is selected
011
display RAM bank 3 is selected
100
general-purpose RAM 2 is selected
101 to 111
not implemented
Default value.
Command: Set_mem_addr
The Set_mem_addr command allows setting the RAM address in the address counter to
access. The Sel_mem_bank command (see Section 8.1.1.8) determines whether to
access the display RAM or the general-purpose RAM.
Table 14.
Set_mem_addr - memory address command bit description
Bit
Symbol
Value
Description
-
R/W
0
fixed value
-
RS[1:0]
00
fixed value
7
-
1
fixed value
ADD[6:0]
0000000[1]
6 to 0
to
RAM address
1111111
[1]
8.1.1.10
Default value.
Command: Read_data
The Read_data command reads binary 8-bit data from the display RAM or
general-purpose RAM.
Table 15.
Read_data - data read bit description
Bit
Symbol
Value
Description
-
R/W
1
fixed value
-
RS[1:0]
01
fixed value
00000000 to
11111111
read data from general-purpose RAM 1
General-purpose RAM 1
7 to 0
RD[7:0]
Display RAM bank 1 to 3, general-purpose RAM 2
PCA8539
Product data sheet
7 to 5
-
000
fixed value
4 to 0
RD[4:0]
00000 to
11111
read data from display RAM bank 1 to 3 and
general-purpose RAM 2
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The Sel_mem_bank command (see Section 8.1.1.8) determines whether to read from the
display RAM or general-purpose RAM. After reading, the address counter automatically
increments or decrements by 1 in accordance with the setting of bit I_D of the
Entry_mode_set command (see Section 8.1.2.1).
Only bit 4 to bit 0 of the display RAM or the general-purpose RAM 2 data are valid. Bit 7 to
bit 5 are set logic 0.
8.1.1.11
Command: Write_data
The Write_data command writes binary 8-bit data to the display RAM or general-purpose
RAM.
Table 16.
Bit
Write_data - data write bit description
Symbol
Value
Description
-
R/W
0
fixed value
-
RS[1:0]
01
fixed value
00000000 to
11111111
write data to general-purpose RAM 1
General-purpose RAM 1
7 to 0
WD[7:0]
display RAM bank 1 to 3, general-purpose RAM 2
7 to 5
-
000
not implemented
4 to 0
WD[4:0]
00000 to
11111
write data to the display RAM bank 1 to 3 and
general-purpose RAM 2
The Sel_mem_bank command (see Section 8.1.1.8) determines whether to write data into
the display RAM or general-purpose RAM. After writing, the address counter
automatically increments or decrements by 1 in accordance with the setting of bit I_D of
the Entry_mode_set command (see Section 8.1.2.1).
Only bit 4 to bit 0 of the display RAM or the general-purpose RAM 2 data are valid. Bit 7 to
bit 5 are not implemented and should always be logic 0.
8.1.2 Display control commands
8.1.2.1
Command: Entry_mode_set
The Entry_mode_set command sets the address stepping.
PCA8539
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Table 17.
Entry_mode_set - entry mode bit description
Bit
Symbol
Value
Description
-
R/W
0
fixed value
-
RS[1:0]
10
fixed value
7 to 2
-
001010
fixed value
1
I_D
0
address stepping select
0
display RAM or general-purpose RAM
address decrements by 1
1[1]
display RAM or general-purpose RAM
address increments by 1
-[2]
-
[1]
Default value.
[2]
Not implemented, have to be always written with 0.
not implemented
Bit I_D: When bit I_D = 1, the display RAM or general-purpose RAM address increments
by 1 when data is written into or read from the display RAM or general-purpose RAM.
When bit I_D = 0 the display RAM or general-purpose RAM address decrements by 1
when data is written into or read from the display RAM or general-purpose RAM.
8.1.2.2
Command: Inversion_mode
The Inversion_mode command allows changing the drive scheme inversion mode.
The waveforms used to drive an LCD (see Figure 24 and Figure 25) inherently produce a
DC voltage across the display cell. The PCA8539 compensates for the DC voltage by
inverting the waveforms on alternate frames or alternate lines. The choice of the
compensation method is determined with INV[2:0] in Table 18.
Table 18.
Inversion_mode - inversion mode command bit description
Bit
Symbol
Value
Description
-
R/W
0
fixed value
-
RS[1:0]
10
fixed value
7 to 3
-
01000
fixed value
2 to 0
INV[2:0]
[1]
inversion mode setting
000[1]
frame inversion mode
001
1-line inversion mode
010
2-line inversion mode
011
3-line inversion mode
100
4-line inversion mode
101
5-line inversion mode
110
6-line inversion mode
111
7-line inversion mode
Default value.
Line inversion mode (driving scheme A): In line inversion mode, the DC value is
compensated every nth line. Changing the inversion mode to line inversion mode reduces
the possibility for flickering but increases the power consumption.
PCA8539
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Frame inversion mode (driving scheme B): In frame inversion mode, the DC value is
compensated across two frames and not within one frame. Changing the inversion mode
to frame inversion reduces the power consumption, therefore it is useful when power
consumption is a key point in the application.
Frame inversion may not be suitable for all applications. The RMS voltage across a
segment is better defined, however since the switching frequency is reduced there is the
possibility for flicker to occur.
8.1.2.3
Command: Frame_frequency
With this command, the clock and frame frequency can be programmed when using the
internal clock.
Table 19.
Bit
Frame-frequency - frame frequency select command bit description
Symbol
Value
Description
-
R/W
0
fixed value
-
RS[1:0]
10
fixed value
7 to 5
-
100
fixed value
4 to 0
FF[4:0]
see Table 20
frame frequency setting
The duty cycle depends on the frequency chosen (see Table 20).
The Frame_frequency command allows configuring the frame frequency and the clock
frequency. The default frame frequency of 80 Hz is factory calibrated.
PCA8539
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Table 20. Clock and frame frequency values
Duty cycle definition: % HIGH-level time : % LOW-level time.
FF[4:0]
Frame frequency (Hz)
Clock frequency (Hz)
Typical duty cycle (%)
00000
45
36000
50 : 50
00001
50
39724
44 : 56
00010
55
44308
38 : 62
00011
60
48000
33 : 67
00100
65
52364
27 : 73
00101
70
54857
23 : 77
00110
75
60632
15 : 85
00111[1]
80
64000
11 : 89
01000
85
67765
5 : 95
01001
90
72000
50 : 50
01010
95
76800
46 : 54
01011
100
82286
42 : 58
01100
110
88615
38 : 62
01101
120
96000
33 : 67
01110
130
104727
27 : 73
01111
145
115200
20 : 80
10000
160
128000
11 : 89
10001
180
144000
50 : 50
10010
210
164571
42 : 58
10011
240
192000
33 : 67
10100
290
230400
20 : 80
10101 to 360
288000
50 : 50
11111
[1]
8.1.2.4
Default value.
Command: Display_control
With the Display_control command, the display can be switched on or off.
Table 21.
Bit
Product data sheet
Symbol
Value
Description
-
R/W
0
fixed value
-
RS[1:0]
10
fixed value
7 to 3
-
00100
fixed value
2
D
1, 0
PCA8539
Display_control - Display control bit description
-
display setting
0[1]
display is off
1
display is on
- -[2]
[1]
Default value.
[2]
Not implemented, have to be always written with 0.
not implemented
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8.1.2.5
Command: Display_config
The Display_config command allows setting how the data is displayed.
Table 22.
Display_config - display configuration bit description
Bit
Symbol
Value
Description
-
R/W
0
fixed value
-
RS[1:0]
10
fixed value
7 to 2
-
000001
fixed value
1
P
display segment setting
0[1]
segment data: left to right;
segment data is displayed from segment 0 to
segment 99
1
segment data: right to left;
segment data is displayed from segment 99 to
segment 0
0
-[2]
-
[1]
Default value.
[2]
Not implemented, have to be always written with 0.
fixed value
Bit P: The P bit is used to flip the display left to right by mirroring the segment data.
%LW3 %LW3 DDD
Fig 3.
PCA8539
Product data sheet
Illustration of the display configuration bit P
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8.1.3 Charge pump and LCD bias control commands
8.1.3.1
Command: Charge_pump_ctrl
The Charge_pump_ctrl command enables or disables the internal VLCD generation and
controls the charge pump voltage multiplier setting.
Table 23.
Bit
Symbol
Binary value
Description
-
R/W
0
fixed value
-
RS[1:0]
11
fixed value
7 to 3
-
10000
fixed value
2
CPE
1 to 0
[1]
8.1.3.2
Charge_pump_ctrl - charge pump control command bit description
charge pump setting
0[1]
charge pump disabled;
no internal VLCD generation;
external supply of VLCD
1
charge pump enabled
CPC[2:0]
charge pump voltage multiplier setting
00[1]
VLCD = 2 VDD2
01
VLCD = 3 VDD2
10
VLCD = 4 VDD2
11
VLCD = VDD2 (direct mode)
Default value.
Command: Set_VLCD
The Set_VLCD command allows programming the VLCD value. The generated VLCD is
independent of the power supply, allowing battery operation of the PCA8539.
Table 24.
Bit
Set_VLCD - Set-VLCD command bit description
Symbol
Value
Description
The 5 MSB of VLCD
-
R/W
0
fixed value
-
RS[1:0]
11
fixed value
7 to 5
-
101
fixed value
VLCD[8:4]
00000[1]
4 to 0
to
VLCD value
11111
The 4 LSB of VLCD
-
R/W
0
fixed value
-
RS[1:0]
11
fixed value
7 to 4
-
1001
fixed value
3 to 0
VLCD[3:0]
0000[1] to 1111 VLCD value
[1]
PCA8539
Product data sheet
Default value.
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8.1.4 Temperature compensation control commands
8.1.4.1
Command: Temperature_ctrl
The Temperature_ctrl command enables or disables the temperature measurement block
and the temperature compensation of VLCD (see Section 8.4.5).
Table 25.
Temperature_ctrl - temperature measurement control command bit description
Bit
Symbol
Value
Description
-
R/W
0
fixed value
-
RS[1:0]
11
fixed value
7 to 3
-
00000
fixed value
2
TCE
temperature compensation setting
0[1]
temperature compensation of VLCD disabled
temperature compensation of VLCD enabled
1
1
0
TMF
temperature measurement filter setting
0[1]
digital temperature filter disabled[2]
1
digital temperature filter enabled
TME
temperature measurement setting
0[1]
temperature measurement disabled;
no temperature readout possible
1
temperature measurement enabled;
temperature readout possible
PCA8539
Product data sheet
[1]
Default value.
[2]
The unfiltered digital value of TD[7:0] is immediately available for the readout and VLCD compensation.
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8.1.4.2
Command: TC_slope
The TC_slope command allows setting the temperature coefficients of VLCD
corresponding to 4 temperature intervals.
Table 26.
TC_slope - VLCD temperature compensation slope command bit description
Bit
Symbol
Value
Description
-
R/W
0
fixed value
-
RS[1:0]
11
fixed value
-
00001
fixed value
TSA[2:0]
000[1]
temperature factor A setting[2]
TC-slope-A
7 to 3
2 to 0
to 111
TC-slope-B
7 to 3
-
00010
fixed value
2 to 0
TSB[2:0]
000[1] to 111
temperature factor B setting[2]
-
00011
fixed value
TSC[2:0]
000[1]
temperature factor C setting[2]
TC-slope-C
7 to 3
2 to 0
to 111
TC-slope-D
7 to 3
2 to 0
-
00100
fixed value
TSD[2:0]
000[1]
temperature factor D setting[2]
[1]
Default value.
[2]
See Table 28 on page 37.
to 111
8.2 Start-up and shut-down
8.2.1 Initialization
The first command sent to the device after power-on or a reset by using the RST pin must
be the Initialize command (see Section 8.1.1.1 on page 9).
The Initialize command resets the PCA8539 to the following starting conditions:
1. All backplane and segment driver outputs are set to VSS1.
2. Selected drive mode is 1:18 multiplex driving mode.
3. The address counter is cleared (set logic 0).
4. Temperature measurement is disabled.
5. Temperature filter is disabled.
6. The internal VLCD voltage generation is disabled. The charge pump is switched off.
7. The VLCD temperature compensation is disabled.
8. The display is disabled.
The reset state is as shown in Table 27. A code example of the initialization is given in
Section 19.1.
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Table 27.
Reset state of PCA8539
Command name
Bits
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Clock_out_ctrl
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
Read_reg_select
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
Graphic_mode_cfg
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
Sel_mem_bank
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
Set_mem_addr
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
General control commands
Display control commands
Entry_mode_set
Inversion_mode
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
Frame_frequency
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
Display_control
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
Display_config
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
Charge pump and LCD bias control commands
Charge_pump_ctrl
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Set_VLCD
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
Temperature compensation control commands
Temperature_ctrl
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
TC_slope
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
Remarks:
1. Do not transfer data for at least 1 ms after a power-on.
2. After power-on and before enabling the display, the display RAM content must be
brought to a defined status by writing meaningful display content (for example, a
graphic) otherwise unwanted display artifacts may appear on the display.
8.2.2 Reset pin function
The reset pin (RST) of the PCA8539 resets all the registers to their default state. The
reset state is given in Table 27. The RAM contents remain unchanged. After the reset
signal is released, the Initialize command must be sent to complete the initialization of the
chip.
8.2.3 Power-down pin function
When connected to VDD1, the internal circuits are switched off, leaving only 2 A (typical)
as an overall current consumption. When connected to VSS1, the PCA8539 runs or starts
up to normal mode again. For the start-up and power-down sequences, see Section 8.2.4
and Section 8.2.5.
PCA8539
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8.2.4 Recommended start-up sequences
This section describes how to proceed with the initialization of the chip in different
application modes.
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(1) The QPR flag (see Table 11) indicates if the programmed LCD voltage value was reached. The
latency time depends on the external capacitor on the VLCD pins. For a capacitor of 100 nF a delay
of 50 ms to 60 ms is expected.
Fig 4.
Recommended start-up sequence when using the internal charge pump and the
internal clock signal
When using the internal VLCD generation, the display must not be enabled before the
generation of VLCD with the internal charge pump is completed. Otherwise unwanted
display artifacts may appear on the display.
PCA8539
Product data sheet
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Rev. 2 — 12 September 2014
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23 of 95
PCA8539
NXP Semiconductors
100 x 18 Chip-On-Glass automotive LCD dot matrix driver
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Recommended start-up sequence when using an externally supplied VLCD and
the internal clock signal
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(1) Alternatively, the external clock signal can be applied after the generation of the VLCD voltage.
(2) The QPR flag (see Table 11) indicates if the programmed LCD voltage value was reached. The
latency time depends on the external capacitor on the VLCD pins. For a capacitor of 100 nF a delay
of 50 ms to 60 ms is expected.
Fig 6.
PCA8539
Product data sheet
Recommended start-up sequence when using the internal charge pump and an
external clock signal
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PCA8539
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100 x 18 Chip-On-Glass automotive LCD dot matrix driver
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Fig 7.
Recommended start-up sequence when using an externally supplied VLCD and an
external clock signal
8.2.5 Recommended power-down sequences
With the following sequences, the PCA8539 can be set to a state of minimum power
consumption, called power-down mode.
PCA8539
Product data sheet
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Rev. 2 — 12 September 2014
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100 x 18 Chip-On-Glass automotive LCD dot matrix driver
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Remark: When bits D (Table 21 on page 17), CPE (Table 23 on page 19), and TME (Table 25 on
page 20) are logic 0, the internal clock signal is switched off.
Fig 8.
PCA8539
Product data sheet
Recommended power-down sequence for minimum power-down current when
using the internal charge pump and the internal clock signal
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100 x 18 Chip-On-Glass automotive LCD dot matrix driver
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Remark: When bits D (Table 21 on page 17), CPE (Table 23 on page 19), and TME (Table 25 on
page 20) are logic 0, the internal clock signal is switched off.
Fig 9.
Recommended power-down sequence when using an externally supplied VLCD
and the internal clock signal
The chip can be put into power-down mode by applying a HIGH-level to pin PD. In
power-down mode, all static currents are switched off (no internal oscillator, no bias level
generation and all LCD outputs are internally connected to VSS).
During power-down, information in the RAM and the chip state are not preserved.
Instruction execution during power-down is not possible.
PCA8539
Product data sheet
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Rev. 2 — 12 September 2014
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27 of 95
PCA8539
NXP Semiconductors
100 x 18 Chip-On-Glass automotive LCD dot matrix driver
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Fig 10. Recommended power-down sequence when using the internal charge pump and
an external clock signal
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Fig 11. Recommended power-down sequence when using an externally supplied VLCD
and an external clock signal
Remarks:
1. It is necessary to run the power-down sequence before removing the supplies.
Depending on the application, care must be taken that no other signals are present at
the chip input or output pins when removing the supplies (refer to Section 10 on
page 64). Otherwise this may cause unwanted display artifacts. Uncontrolled removal
of supply voltages does not damage the PCA8539.
PCA8539
Product data sheet
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2. Static voltages across the liquid crystal display can build up when the external LCD
supply voltage (VLCD) is on while the IC supply voltage (VDD1 and VDD2) is off, or the
other way round. This may cause unwanted display artifacts. To avoid such artifacts,
external VLCD, VDD1, and VDD2 must be applied or removed together.
3. A clock signal must always be supplied to the device when the device is active.
Removing the clock may freeze the LCD in a DC state, which is not suitable for the
liquid crystal. Disable the display first and then remove the clock signal afterwards.
8.3 Possible display configurations
The PCA8539 is a versatile peripheral device designed to interface between any
microcontroller to a wide variety of LCD dot-matrix displays (see Figure 12).
&20WR&20
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Fig 12. PCA8539 connected to a dot-matrix LCD (multiplex drive mode 1:12)
The host microcontroller maintains the communication channel with the PCA8539. The
only other connections required to complete the system are the power supplies (VDD1,
VDD2 and VSS1 to VSS3), the VLCD pins (VLCDOUT, VLCDSENSE, VLCDIN), the
external capacitors, and the LCD panel selected for the application. The appropriate
biasing voltages for the multiplexed LCD waveforms are generated internally.
External capacitors of 100 nF minimum are required on each of the pins VDD1 and VDD2.
VDD1 and VDD2 can be connected to the same power supply. In this case, a capacitor of
300 nF minimum is required.
VSS1 to VSS3 can be connected to the same ground supply.
The VLCD pins (VLCDOUT, VLCDSENSE, VLCDIN) can be connected, whether VLCD is
generated internally or supplied from external. An external capacitor of 300 nF minimum is
recommended for VLCD. For high display loads, 1 F is suggested.
PCA8539
Product data sheet
All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers.
Rev. 2 — 12 September 2014
© NXP Semiconductors N.V. 2014. All rights reserved.
29 of 95
PCA8539
NXP Semiconductors
100 x 18 Chip-On-Glass automotive LCD dot matrix driver
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VDD1 and VDD2 from 2.5 V to 5.5 V. Values for tr and Cb, see Table 44.
VDD1 and VDD2 can be connected to the same power supply.
VSS1 to VSS3 can be connected to the same ground supply.
Fig 13. Typical system configuration if using the internal VLCD generation and I2C-bus
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VDD1 and VDD2 from 2.5 V to 5.5 V.
Fig 14. Typical system configuration if using the external VLCD and SPI-bus
PCA8539
Product data sheet
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Rev. 2 — 12 September 2014
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PCA8539
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100 x 18 Chip-On-Glass automotive LCD dot matrix driver
8.4 LCD voltage
8.4.1 VLCD pins
The PCA8539 has 3 VLCD pins:
VLCDIN — VLCD supply input
VLCDOUT — VLCD voltage output
VLCDSENSE — VLCD regulation circuitry input
The VLCD voltage can be generated on-chip or externally supplied.
8.4.2 External VLCD supply
When the external VLCD supply is selected, the VLCD voltage must be supplied to the pin
VLCDIN. The pins VLCDOUT and VLCDSENSE can be left unconnected or alternatively
connected to VLCDIN. The VLCD voltage is available at the row and column drives of the
device through the chosen bias system.
The internal charge pump must not be enabled, otherwise high internal currents may flow
as well as high currents via pin VDD2 and pin VLCDOUT. No internal temperature
compensation occurs on the externally supplied VLCD even if bit TCE is set logic 1 (see
Section 8.1.4.1). Also programming VLCD[8:0] has no effect on the externally supplied
VLCD.
8.4.3 Internal VLCD generation
When the internal VLCD generation is selected, the VLCD voltage is available on pin
VLCDOUT. The pins VLCDIN and VLCDSENSE must be connected to the pin VLCDOUT.
The Charge_pump_ctrl command (see Table 23 on page 19) controls the charge pump. It
can be enabled with the CPE bit. The multiplier setting can be configured with the
CPC[1:0] bits. The charge pump can generate a VLCD up to 4 VDD2.
8.4.3.1
VLCD programming
VLCD can be programmed with the bit-field VLCD[8:0]. The final value of VLCD is a
combination of the programmed VLCD[8:0] value and in addition the output of the
temperature compensation block. The system is exemplified in Figure 15.
PCA8539
Product data sheet
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Rev. 2 — 12 September 2014
© NXP Semiconductors N.V. 2014. All rights reserved.
31 of 95
PCA8539
NXP Semiconductors
100 x 18 Chip-On-Glass automotive LCD dot matrix driver
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Fig 15. VLCD generation including temperature compensation
Equation 1 to Equation 3 exemplify the VLCD generation with temperature compensation.
V prog LCD = VLCD 0.03 V + 4 V
(1)
V offset LCD = VT 0.03 V
(2)
V LCD = V prog LCD + V offset LCD = VLCD 0.03 V + 4 V + VT 0.03 V
(3)
1. VLCD is the decimal value of the programmed VLCD factor (VLCD[8:0]).
2. VT is the binary value of the calculated temperature compensating factor (VT[8:0]) of
the temperature compensation block (see Table 29). The temperature compensation
block provides the value which is a two’s complement with the value of 0h at 20 C.
Figure 16 shows how the VLCD changes with the programmed value of VLCD[8:0].
PCA8539
Product data sheet
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Rev. 2 — 12 September 2014
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32 of 95
PCA8539
NXP Semiconductors
100 x 18 Chip-On-Glass automotive LCD dot matrix driver
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(1) VLCD[8:0] must be set so that VLCD > VDD2.
(2) Automatic limitation for VLCD > 16 V.
Fig 16. VLCD programming of PCA8539 (assuming VT[8:0] = 0h)
Remarks:
1. VLCD[8:0] has to be set to such a value that the resultant VLCD, including the
temperature compensation, is higher than VDD2.
2. The programmable range of VLCD[8:0] is from 0h to 1FFh. This would allow achieving
a VLCD of higher voltages but the PCA8539 has a built-in automatic limitation set to
16 V.
8.4.4 VLCD drive capability
Figure 17 to Figure 19 illustrate the drive capability of the internal charge pump for various
conditions. VLCD is internally limited to 16 V.
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Rev. 2 — 12 September 2014
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PCA8539
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100 x 18 Chip-On-Glass automotive LCD dot matrix driver
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Conditions: VDD2 = 2.5 V; VLCD = 8 V; Tamb = 25 C; RITO(VSS2), RITO(VDD2), RITO(VLCDOUT) = 50 .
(1) VLCD = 2 VDD2.
(2) VLCD = 3 VDD2.
(3) VLCD = 4 VDD2.
Iload is the overall current sink of the column and row outputs depending on the display, plus the
on-chip VLCD current consumption.
Fig 17. VLCD with respect to Iload at VDD2 = 2.5 V
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Conditions: VDD2 = 5 V; VLCD = 8 V; Tamb = 25 C; RITO(VSS2), RITO(VDD2), RITO(VLCDOUT) = 50 .
(1) VLCD = 2 VDD2.
(2) VLCD = 3 VDD2.
(3) VLCD = 4 VDD2.
Iload is the overall current sink of the column and row outputs depending on the display, plus the
on-chip VLCD current consumption.
Fig 18. VLCD with respect to Iload at VDD2 = 5 V
PCA8539
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Rev. 2 — 12 September 2014
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PCA8539
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100 x 18 Chip-On-Glass automotive LCD dot matrix driver
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Conditions: VDD2 = 5 V; VLCD = 16 V; Tamb = 25 C; RITO(VSS2), RITO(VDD2), RITO(VLCDOUT) = 50 .
(1) VLCD = 2 VDD2.
(2) VLCD = 3 VDD2.
(3) VLCD = 4 VDD2.
Iload is the overall current sink of the column and row outputs depending on the display, plus the
on-chip VLCD current consumption.
Fig 19. VLCD with respect to Iload at VDD2 = 5 V
8.4.5 Temperature measurement and temperature compensation of VLCD
8.4.5.1
Temperature readout
The PCA8539 has a built-in temperature sensor which provides an 8-bit digital value
(TD[7:0]) of the ambient temperature. This value can be read by command (see
Section 8.1.1.5 on page 10). The actual temperature is determined from TD[7:0] using
Equation 4.
T C = 0.6275 TD – 40
(4)
TD[7:0] = FFh means that no temperature readout is available or was performed. FFh is
the default value after initialization. The measurement needs about 8 ms to complete. It is
repeated periodically every second as long as bit TME is set logic 1 (see Table 25 on
page 20).
Due to the nature of a temperature sensor, oscillations may occur. To avoid this, a filter
has been implemented in PCA8539. A control bit, TMF, is implemented to enable or
disable the digital temperature filter (see Table 25 on page 20). The system is exemplified
in Figure 20.
PCA8539
Product data sheet
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Rev. 2 — 12 September 2014
© NXP Semiconductors N.V. 2014. All rights reserved.
35 of 95
PCA8539
NXP Semiconductors
100 x 18 Chip-On-Glass automotive LCD dot matrix driver
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Fig 20. Temperature measurement block with digital temperature filter
The digital temperature filter introduces a certain delay in the measurement of the
temperature. This behavior is illustrated in Figure 21.
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(1) Environment temperature, T1 (C).
(2) Measured temperature, T2 (C).
(3) Measurement temperature variation, Tmeas = T2 T1.
Fig 21. Temperature measurement delay
8.4.5.2
Temperature adjustment of the VLCD
Due to the temperature dependency of the liquid crystal viscosity, the LCD supply voltage
may have to be adjusted at different temperatures to maintain optimal contrast. The
temperature characteristics of the liquid are provided by the LCD manufacturer. The slope
has to be set to compensate for the liquid behavior. Internal temperature compensation
can be enabled via bit TCE (see Table 25 on page 20).
The ambient temperature range is split up into 4 regions (see Figure 22) and to each a
different temperature coefficient can be applied.
PCA8539
Product data sheet
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Rev. 2 — 12 September 2014
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PCA8539
NXP Semiconductors
100 x 18 Chip-On-Glass automotive LCD dot matrix driver
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Fig 22. Example of segmented temperature coefficients
The temperature coefficients can be selected from a choice of eight different slopes. Each
one of theses coefficients is independently selected via the TC_slope command (see
Section 8.1.4.2 on page 21).
Table 28.
Temperature coefficients
TSA[2:0] to TSD[2:0] value
Slope factor (mV/C)
Temperature factor
TSA to TSD[1]
000[2]
0
0.000
001
6
0.125
010
12
0.250
011
24
0.500
100
60
1.250
101
+6
+0.125
110
+12
+0.250
111
+24
+0.500
[1]
The relationship between the temperature coefficients TSA to TSD and the slope factor is derived from
Equation 5. where LSB of VLCD[8:0] 30 mV.
[2]
Default value.
0.6275 C
TSn = ---------------------------- slope factor (mV/C
30 (mV)
(5)
The value of the temperature compensated factor VT[8:0] is calculated according to
Table 29.
PCA8539
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Rev. 2 — 12 September 2014
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PCA8539
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100 x 18 Chip-On-Glass automotive LCD dot matrix driver
Table 29.
Calculation of the temperature compensating factor VT
Temperature range (C) Decimal value of TD[7:0] Equations of factor VT
T –40 C
0
VT = – 48 TSB – 48 TSA
– 40C T – 10 C
0 to 48
VT = – 48 TSB – 48 – TD[7:0] TSA
– 10 C T 20 C
49 to 96
VT = – 96 – TD[7:0] TSB
20 C T 50 C
97 to 143
VT = TD[7:0] – 96 TSC
50 C T 105 C
144 to 230
VT = 47 TSC + TD[7:0] – 143 TSD
105 C T
231
VT = 47 TSC + 88 TSD
[1]
8.4.5.3
[1]
No temperature compensation is possible above 105 C. Above this value, the system maintains the
compensation value from 105 C.
Example calculation of Voffset(LCD)
Assumed that Tamb = 8 C
1. Choose a temperature factor from Table 28, for example TSB[2:0] = 001, which gives
a temperature factor of 0.125.
2. Calculate the decimal value of TD[7:0] with Equation 4:
– 8 + 40
TD = ------------------- 51 .
0.6275
3. Calculate the temperature compensating factor VT with the appropriate equation from
Table 29:
VT = – 96 – 51 – 0.125 = 5.625 .
4. Calculate Voffset(LCD) with Equation 2:
V offset LCD = 5.625 0.03 V = 0.169 V .
8.4.6 LCD bias voltage generator
The intermediate bias voltages for the LCD are generated on-chip. This removes the need
for an external resistive bias chain and significantly reduces the system current
consumption. The optimum value of VLCD depends on the multiplex rate, the LCD
threshold voltage (Vth) and the number of bias levels.
The intermediate bias levels for the different multiplex rates are shown in Table 30. These
bias levels are automatically set to the given values when switching to the corresponding
multiplex rate.
Table 30.
Bias levels as a function of multiplex rate
Multiplex
rate
LCD bias
configuration
Bias voltages
V1
V2
V3
V4
V5
V6
1:18
1⁄
4
VLCD
3
--- V LCD
4
1
--- V LCD
2
1
--- V LCD
2
1
--- V LCD
4
VSS
1:12
1⁄
4
VLCD
3
--- V LCD
4
1
--- V LCD
2
1
--- V LCD
2
1
--- V LCD
4
VSS
The RMS on-state voltage (Von(RMS)) for the LCD is calculated with Equation 6 and the
RMS off-state voltage (Voff(RMS)) with Equation 7:
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100 x 18 Chip-On-Glass automotive LCD dot matrix driver
V on RMS =
V LCD
a 2 + 2a + n
-----------------------------2
n 1 + a
(6)
V off RMS =
V LCD
a 2 – 2a + n
-----------------------------2
n 1 + a
(7)
where the values of a are
a = 3 for 1⁄4 bias
and the values for n are
n = 12 for 1:12 multiplex rate
n = 18 for 1:18 multiplex rate.
Discrimination (D) is the ratio of Von(RMS) to Voff(RMS) and is determined from Equation 8.
Discrimination is a term which is defined as the ratio of the on and off RMS voltage across
a segment. It can be thought of as a measurement of contrast.
V on RMS
D = ---------------------- =
V off RMS
2
a + 1 + n – 1
-------------------------------------------2
a – 1 + n – 1
(8)
Remark:
• Row and column outputs comprise a series resistance RO (see Table 42).
• VLCD is sometimes referred as the LCD operating voltage.
8.4.6.1
Electro-optical performance
Suitable values for Von(RMS) and Voff(RMS) are dependent on the LCD liquid used. The
RMS voltage, at which a pixel is switched on or off, determines the transmissibility of the
pixel.
For any given liquid, there are two threshold values defined. One point is at 10 % relative
transmission (at Vth(off)) and the other at 90 % relative transmission (at Vth(on)), see
Figure 23. For a good contrast performance, the following rules should be followed:
V on RMS V th on
(9)
V off RMS V th off
(10)
Von(RMS) and Voff(RMS) are properties of the display driver and are affected by the selection
of a (see Equation 6), n (see Equation 8), and the VLCD voltage.
Vth(off) and Vth(on) are properties of the LCD liquid and can be provided by the module
manufacturer. Vth(off) is sometimes named Vth. Vth(on) is sometimes named saturation
voltage Vsat.
It is important to match the module properties to those of the driver in order to achieve
optimum performance.
PCA8539
Product data sheet
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Rev. 2 — 12 September 2014
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39 of 95
PCA8539
NXP Semiconductors
100 x 18 Chip-On-Glass automotive LCD dot matrix driver
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Fig 23. Electro-optical characteristic: relative transmission curve of the liquid
8.4.7 LCD drive mode waveforms
The PCA8539 contains 18 backplane and 100 segment drivers, which drive the
appropriate LCD bias voltages in sequence to the display and in accordance with the data
to be displayed. Unused outputs should be left open.
The bias voltages and the timing are automatically selected when the number of lines in
the display is selected. Figure 24 and Figure 25 show typical waveforms.
PCA8539
Product data sheet
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Rev. 2 — 12 September 2014
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40 of 95
PCA8539
NXP Semiconductors
100 x 18 Chip-On-Glass automotive LCD dot matrix driver
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State(n) marks intersection(COM(x),S(n)) of LCD element(x,n).
Vstate(n)(t) = VS(n)(t) VCOM(x)(t).
Vstate1(t) = VS0(t) VCOM0(t).
Vstate2(t) = VS1(t) VCOM0(t).
Fig 24. Waveforms for the 1:18 multiplex drive mode. 5 bias levels, character mode, frame inversion mode
PCA8539
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Rev. 2 — 12 September 2014
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41 of 95
PCA8539
NXP Semiconductors
100 x 18 Chip-On-Glass automotive LCD dot matrix driver
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State(n) marks intersection(COM(x),S(n)) of LCD element(x,n).
Vstate(n)(t) = VS(n)(t) VCOM(x)(t).
Vstate1(t) = VS0(t) VCOM0(t).
Vstate2(t) = VS1(t) VCOM0(t).
Fig 25. Waveforms for the 1:12 multiplex drive mode, 5 bias levels, character mode, R8 to R15 and R17 open,
frame inversion mode
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8.5 Display RAM and general-purpose RAM
The PCA8539 has a display RAM and two general-purpose RAM. The RAM access is
exemplified in Figure 26.
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Fig 26. RAM access flowchart
8.5.1 Checksum
In order to detect transmission failures for RAM content transfers, the PCA8539 has a
checksum calculator providing an XOR or CRC-8 checksum. The checksum calculator
can be configured with bit XC of the Read_reg_select command (see Section 8.1.1.5).
The checksum result can be read out with the Read_status_reg command (see
Section 8.1.1.6).
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The checksum results are:
• when XC = 0 (XOR checksum)
– The checksum is the result of the XOR operation on the values loaded with the
Write_data command and the previous register content.
– The checksum result is reset when the bits of the command select RS[1:0] or R/W
are changed.
• when XC = 1 (CRC-8 checksum)
– The checksum is the result of the CRC-8 operation on the values loaded with the
Write_data command and the previous register content. The polynomial used is
8
5
4
x +x +x +1.
– The checksum result is reset when the bits of the command select RS[1:0] or R/W
are changed.
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Fig 27. Logic diagram of the CRC8 generator
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Fig 28. Checksum generation
8.5.2 Display RAM and multiplex drive modes
The display RAM is a static 100 18-bit RAM which stores LCD data. Logic 1 in the RAM
bit map indicates the on-state, logic 0 the off-state of the corresponding LCD element.
There is a one-to-one correspondence between the bits in the display RAM bitmap
(Table 31 and Figure 29) and the LCD elements/segments.
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Rev. 2 — 12 September 2014
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100 x 18 Chip-On-Glass automotive LCD dot matrix driver
Table 31.
Display RAM bitmap
RAM RAM
bank bank
select
RAM
address
Row
(Backplane)
SMB[2:0] ADD[6:0]
Product data sheet
2
1
0
Column (segment)
Row
(Backplane)
SMB[2:0] ADD[6:0]
Bit
4
3
2
1
0
Column (segment)
1
2
3
4
34h
0
1
2
3
4
1h
5
6
7
8
9
35h
5
6
7
8
9
2h
10 11 12 13 14
36h
10 11 12 13 14
3h
15 16 17 18 19
37h
15 16 17 18 19
4h
20 21 22 23 24
38h
20 21 22 23 24
5h
25 26 27 28 29
39h
25 26 27 28 29
6h
30 31 32 33 34
3Ah
30 31 32 33 34
7h
35 36 37 38 39
3Bh
35 36 37 38 39
8h
40 41 42 43 44
3Ch
40 41 42 43 44
45 46 47 48 49
3Dh
0
9
45 46 47 48 49
50 51 52 53 54
3Eh
Bh
55 56 57 58 59
3Fh
55 56 57 58 59
Ch
60 61 62 63 64
40h
60 61 62 63 64
Dh
65 66 67 68 69
41h
65 66 67 68 69
Eh
70 71 72 73 74
42h
70 71 72 73 74
Fh
75 76 77 78 79
43h
75 76 77 78 79
10h
80 81 82 83 84
44h
80 81 82 83 84
11h
85 86 87 88 89
45h
85 86 87 88 89
12h
90 91 92 93 94
46h
90 91 92 93 94
13h
95 96 97 98 99
47h
95 96 97 98 99
14h
0
1
2
3
4
48h
0
1
2
3
4
15h
5
6
7
8
9
49h
5
6
7
8
9
2
010
50 51 52 53 54
16h
10 11 12 13 14
4Ah
10 11 12 13 14
17h
15 16 17 18 19
4Bh
15 16 17 18 19
18h
20 21 22 23 24
4Ch
20 21 22 23 24
19h
25 26 27 28 29
4Dh
25 26 27 28 29
1Ah
30 31 32 33 34
4Eh
30 31 32 33 34
1Bh
35 36 37 38 39
4Fh
40 41 42 43 44
50h
1Dh
45 46 47 48 49
51h
45 46 47 48 49
1Eh
50 51 52 53 54
52h
50 51 52 53 54
1Fh
55 56 57 58 59
53h
55 56 57 58 59
20h
60 61 62 63 64
54h
60 61 62 63 64
21h
65 66 67 68 69
55h
65 66 67 68 69
22h
70 71 72 73 74
56h
70 71 72 73 74
23h
75 76 77 78 79
57h
75 76 77 78 79
1Ch
PCA8539
3
RAM
address
0
Ah
001
4
RAM RAM
bank bank
select
0h
9h
1
Bit
1
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40 41 42 43 44
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PCA8539
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100 x 18 Chip-On-Glass automotive LCD dot matrix driver
Table 31.
Display RAM bitmap …continued
RAM RAM
bank bank
select
RAM
address
Row
(Backplane)
SMB[2:0] ADD[6:0]
1
0
RAM RAM
bank bank
select
RAM
address
Row
(Backplane)
SMB[2:0] ADD[6:0]
Bit
4
3
2
1
0
Column (segment)
80 81 82 83 84
58h
80 81 82 83 84
85 86 87 88 89
59h
85 86 87 88 89
90 91 92 93 94
5Ah
95 96 97 98 99
5Bh
1
10
90 91 92 93 94
95 96 97 98 99
28h
0
1
2
3
4
5Ch
0
1
2
3
4
29h
5
6
7
8
9
5Dh
5
6
7
8
9
2Ah
10 11 12 13 14
5Eh
10 11 12 13 14
2Bh
15 16 17 18 19
5Fh
15 16 17 18 19
2Ch
20 21 22 23 24
60h
20 21 22 23 24
2Dh
25 26 27 28 29
61h
25 26 27 28 29
2Eh
30 31 32 33 34
62h
30 31 32 33 34
2Fh
35 36 37 38 39
63h
35 36 37 38 39
30h
40 41 42 43 44
64h
40 41 42 43 44
31h
45 46 47 48 49
65h
50 51 52 53 54
66h
33h
55 56 57 58 59
67h
55 56 57 58 59
34h
60 61 62 63 64
68h
60 61 62 63 64
35h
65 66 67 68 69
69h
65 66 67 68 69
36h
70 71 72 73 74
6Ah
70 71 72 73 74
37h
75 76 77 78 79
6Bh
75 76 77 78 79
38h
80 81 82 83 84
6Ch
80 81 82 83 84
39h
85 86 87 88 89
6Dh
85 86 87 88 89
3Ah
90 91 92 93 94
6Eh
90 91 92 93 94
3Bh
95 96 97 98 99
6Fh
95 96 97 98 99
2
2
010
11
45 46 47 48 49
50 51 52 53 54
3Ch
0
1
2
3
4
70h
0
1
2
3
4
3Dh
5
6
7
8
9
71h
5
6
7
8
9
3Eh
10 11 12 13 14
72h
10 11 12 13 14
3Fh
15 16 17 18 19
73h
15 16 17 18 19
40h
20 21 22 23 24
74h
20 21 22 23 24
41h
25 26 27 28 29
75h
25 26 27 28 29
30 31 32 33 34
76h
35 36 37 38 39
77h
44h
40 41 42 43 44
78h
40 41 42 43 44
45h
45 46 47 48 49
79h
45 46 47 48 49
46h
50 51 52 53 54
7Ah
50 51 52 53 54
47h
55 56 57 58 59
7Bh
55 56 57 58 59
48h
60 61 62 63 64
7Ch
60 61 62 63 64
49h
65 66 67 68 69
7Dh
65 66 67 68 69
42h
43h
Product data sheet
2
24h
32h
PCA8539
3
Column (segment)
27h
001
4
25h
26h
1
Bit
3
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35 36 37 38 39
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PCA8539
NXP Semiconductors
100 x 18 Chip-On-Glass automotive LCD dot matrix driver
Table 31.
Display RAM bitmap …continued
RAM RAM
bank bank
select
RAM
address
Row
(Backplane)
SMB[2:0] ADD[6:0]
1
0
RAM RAM
bank bank
select
Column (segment)
70 71 72 73 74
RAM
address
Row
(Backplane)
SMB[2:0] ADD[6:0]
2
010
Bit
4
3
2
1
0
Column (segment)
7Eh
70 71 72 73 74
7Fh
75 76 77 78 79
80 81 82 83 84
0h
85 86 87 88 89
1h
4Eh
90 91 92 93 94
2h
90 91 92 93 94
4Fh
95 96 97 98 99
3h
95 96 97 98 99
50h
0
1
2
3
4
4h
0
1
2
3
4
51h
5
6
7
8
9
5h
5
6
7
8
9
52h
10 11 12 13 14
6h
10 11 12 13 14
53h
15 16 17 18 19
7h
15 16 17 18 19
54h
20 21 22 23 24
8h
20 21 22 23 24
55h
25 26 27 28 29
9h
25 26 27 28 29
56h
30 31 32 33 34
Ah
30 31 32 33 34
57h
35 36 37 38 39
Bh
35 36 37 38 39
58h
40 41 42 43 44
Ch
40 41 42 43 44
45 46 47 48 49
Dh
5Ah
3
4
12
13
80 81 82 83 84
85 86 87 88 89
45 46 47 48 49
50 51 52 53 54
Eh
5Bh
55 56 57 58 59
Fh
55 56 57 58 59
5Ch
60 61 62 63 64
10h
60 61 62 63 64
5Dh
65 66 67 68 69
11h
65 66 67 68 69
5Eh
70 71 72 73 74
12h
70 71 72 73 74
5Fh
75 76 77 78 79
13h
75 76 77 78 79
60h
80 81 82 83 84
14h
80 81 82 83 84
61h
85 86 87 88 89
15h
85 86 87 88 89
62h
90 91 92 93 94
16h
90 91 92 93 94
63h
95 96 97 98 99
17h
95 96 97 98 99
64h
0
1
2
3
4
18h
0
1
2
3
4
65h
5
6
7
8
9
19h
5
6
7
8
9
3
011
50 51 52 53 54
66h
10 11 12 13 14
1Ah
10 11 12 13 14
67h
15 16 17 18 19
1Bh
15 16 17 18 19
68h
20 21 22 23 24
1Ch
20 21 22 23 24
25 26 27 28 29
1Dh
69h
6Ah
Product data sheet
2
75 76 77 78 79
59h
PCA8539
3
4Ah
4Dh
001
4
4Bh
4Ch
1
Bit
5
14
25 26 27 28 29
30 31 32 33 34
1Eh
6Bh
35 36 37 38 39
1Fh
35 36 37 38 39
6Ch
40 41 42 43 44
20h
40 41 42 43 44
6Dh
45 46 47 48 49
21h
45 46 47 48 49
6Eh
50 51 52 53 54
22h
50 51 52 53 54
6Fh
55 56 57 58 59
23h
55 56 57 58 59
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Rev. 2 — 12 September 2014
30 31 32 33 34
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PCA8539
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100 x 18 Chip-On-Glass automotive LCD dot matrix driver
Table 31.
Display RAM bitmap …continued
RAM RAM
bank bank
select
RAM
address
Row
(Backplane)
SMB[2:0] ADD[6:0]
010
0
RAM RAM
bank bank
select
Column (segment)
RAM
address
Row
(Backplane)
SMB[2:0] ADD[6:0]
Bit
4
3
2
1
0
Column (segment)
24h
60 61 62 63 64
25h
65 66 67 68 69
72h
70 71 72 73 74
26h
70 71 72 73 74
75 76 77 78 79
27h
5
14
75 76 77 78 79
80 81 82 83 84
28h
75h
85 86 87 88 89
29h
85 86 87 88 89
76h
90 91 92 93 94
2Ah
90 91 92 93 94
77h
95 96 97 98 99
2Bh
95 96 97 98 99
80 81 82 83 84
78h
0
1
2
3
4
2Ch
0
1
2
3
4
79h
5
6
7
8
9
2Dh
5
6
7
8
9
7Ah
10 11 12 13 14
2Eh
10 11 12 13 14
7Bh
15 16 17 18 19
2Fh
15 16 17 18 19
7Ch
20 21 22 23 24
30h
20 21 22 23 24
7Dh
25 26 27 28 29
31h
25 26 27 28 29
7Eh
30 31 32 33 34
32h
30 31 32 33 34
7Fh
35 36 37 38 39
33h
35 36 37 38 39
0h
40 41 42 43 44
34h
40 41 42 43 44
1h
45 46 47 48 49
35h
6
50 51 52 53 54
3h
55 56 57 58 59
4h
5h
3
011
36h
15
45 46 47 48 49
50 51 52 53 54
37h
55 56 57 58 59
60 61 62 63 64
38h
60 61 62 63 64
65 66 67 68 69
39h
65 66 67 68 69
6h
70 71 72 73 74
3Ah
70 71 72 73 74
7h
75 76 77 78 79
3Bh
75 76 77 78 79
8h
80 81 82 83 84
3Ch
80 81 82 83 84
9h
85 86 87 88 89
3Dh
85 86 87 88 89
Ah
90 91 92 93 94
3Eh
90 91 92 93 94
Bh
95 96 97 98 99
3Fh
95 96 97 98 99
Ch
0
1
2
3
4
40h
0
1
2
3
4
Dh
5
6
7
8
9
41h
5
6
7
8
9
Eh
10 11 12 13 14
42h
10 11 12 13 14
Fh
15 16 17 18 19
43h
15 16 17 18 19
20 21 22 23 24
44h
25 26 27 28 29
45h
12h
30 31 32 33 34
46h
30 31 32 33 34
13h
35 36 37 38 39
47h
35 36 37 38 39
14h
40 41 42 43 44
48h
40 41 42 43 44
15h
45 46 47 48 49
49h
45 46 47 48 49
11h
Product data sheet
1
60 61 62 63 64
10h
PCA8539
2
65 66 67 68 69
2h
2
3
70h
74h
001
4
71h
73h
1
Bit
7
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20 21 22 23 24
25 26 27 28 29
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PCA8539
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100 x 18 Chip-On-Glass automotive LCD dot matrix driver
Table 31.
Display RAM bitmap …continued
RAM RAM
bank bank
select
RAM
address
Row
(Backplane)
SMB[2:0] ADD[6:0]
3
2
1
0
RAM RAM
bank bank
select
Column (segment)
RAM
address
Row
(Backplane)
SMB[2:0] ADD[6:0]
Bit
4
3
2
1
0
Column (segment)
16h
50 51 52 53 54
4Ah
50 51 52 53 54
55 56 57 58 59
4Bh
55 56 57 58 59
18h
60 61 62 63 64
4Ch
60 61 62 63 64
19h
65 66 67 68 69
4Dh
65 66 67 68 69
70 71 72 73 74
4Eh
75 76 77 78 79
4Fh
1Ch
80 81 82 83 84
50h
80 81 82 83 84
1Dh
85 86 87 88 89
51h
85 86 87 88 89
1Eh
90 91 92 93 94
52h
90 91 92 93 94
1Fh
95 96 97 98 99
53h
95 96 97 98 99
20h
0
1
2
3
4
54h
0
1
2
3
4
21h
5
6
7
8
9
55h
5
6
7
8
9
22h
10 11 12 13 14
56h
10 11 12 13 14
23h
15 16 17 18 19
57h
15 16 17 18 19
24h
20 21 22 23 24
58h
20 21 22 23 24
25h
25 26 27 28 29
59h
25 26 27 28 29
26h
30 31 32 33 34
5Ah
30 31 32 33 34
27h
35 36 37 38 39
5Bh
35 36 37 38 39
28h
40 41 42 43 44
5Ch
40 41 42 43 44
45 46 47 48 49
5Dh
1Bh
010
4
17h
1Ah
2
Bit
29h
2Ah
7
8
3
011
16
17
70 71 72 73 74
75 76 77 78 79
45 46 47 48 49
50 51 52 53 54
5Eh
2Bh
55 56 57 58 59
5Fh
50 51 52 53 54
55 56 57 58 59
2Ch
60 61 62 63 64
60h
60 61 62 63 64
2Dh
65 66 67 68 69
61h
65 66 67 68 69
2Eh
70 71 72 73 74
62h
70 71 72 73 74
2Fh
75 76 77 78 79
63h
75 76 77 78 79
30h
80 81 82 83 84
64h
80 81 82 83 84
31h
85 86 87 88 89
65h
85 86 87 88 89
32h
90 91 92 93 94
66h
90 91 92 93 94
33h
95 96 97 98 99
67h
95 96 97 98 99
The display RAM bitmap (Table 31 and Figure 29) shows that the display RAM is
organized in three RAM banks. The access to the RAM banks is controlled by SMB[2:0]
(see Table 13). Row 0 to row 17 in the display RAM bitmap correspond with the backplane
outputs COM0 to COM17, and column 0 to column 99 correspond with the segment
outputs S0 to S99.
PCA8539
Product data sheet
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xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x x x xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xx xx xxxxx
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xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxx
NXP Semiconductors
PCA8539
Product data sheet
'LVSOD\5$0EDQNV
5$0EDQN
5$0EDQN
5$0EDQN
&
&
&
&
&
&
&
&
&
&
5
5
5
5$0EDQN
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5$0EDQN
5
5
5
5
5
5$0EDQN
5
5
5
&
&
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5
5
5
GHWDLO;
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Fig 29. Display RAM organization bitmap
PCA8539
50 of 95
© NXP Semiconductors N.V. 2014. All rights reserved.
&
5$0ILOOLQJSULQFLSOH
100 x 18 Chip-On-Glass automotive LCD dot matrix driver
Rev. 2 — 12 September 2014
All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers.
&
'LVSOD\5$0ELWPDSFRUUHODWLQJWKHGLVSOD\
;
PCA8539
NXP Semiconductors
100 x 18 Chip-On-Glass automotive LCD dot matrix driver
In multiplexed LCD applications, the data of each row of the display RAM is
time-multiplexed with the corresponding backplane (row 0 with COM0, row 1 with COM1,
and so on).
Two multiplex drive modes are available:
• 1:18 multiplex drive mode
– GMX = 0 (default value, see Table 12)
– pins COM0 to COM17 are active
• 1:12 multiplex drive mode
– GMX = 1 (default value, see Table 12)
– pins COM0 to COM12 are active
8.5.2.1
Display RAM addressing
For addressing the display RAM the following steps have to be taken:
• Select the display RAM bank (SMB[2:0]) with the Sel_mem_bank command (see
Section 8.1.1.8)
• Set the requested address counter (ADD[6:0]) with the Set_mem_addr command
(see Section 8.1.1.9)
• Write data to the display RAM with the Write_data command (WD[4:0]) (see
Section 8.1.1.11)
• Read the data from the display RAM with the Read_data command (RD[4:0]) (see
Section 8.1.1.10)
8.5.3 General-purpose RAM
The PCA8539 has to general-purpose RAM. The access to the RAM is controlled by the
Sel_mem_bank command (SMB[2:0]) (see Table 13). General-purpose RAM 1 has the
size of 640 bit (80 8) and general-purpose RAM 2 of 400 bit (80 5).
8.5.3.1
General-purpose RAM addressing
For addressing the general-purpose RAM the following steps have to be taken:
• Select the general-purpose RAM (SMB[2:0]) with the Sel_mem_bank command (see
Section 8.1.1.8)
• Set the requested address counter (ADD[6:0]) with the Set_mem_addr command
(see Section 8.1.1.9)
• Write data to the general-purpose RAM with the Write_data command (WD[7:0] or
WD[4:0]) (see Section 8.1.1.11)
• Read the data from the general-purpose RAM with the Read_data command (RD[7:0]
or RD[4:0]) (see Section 8.1.1.10)
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100 x 18 Chip-On-Glass automotive LCD dot matrix driver
9. Bus interfaces
9.1 Control byte and register selection
After initiating the communication over the bus and sending the slave address (I2C-bus,
see Section 9.2) or subaddress (SPI-bus, see Section 9.3), a control byte follows. The
purpose of this byte is to indicate both, the content for the following data bytes (RAM or
command) and to indicate that more control bytes will follow.
Typical sequences could be:
• Slave address/subaddress - control byte - command byte - command byte - command
byte - end
• Slave address/subaddress - control byte - RAM byte - RAM byte - RAM byte - end
• Slave address/subaddress - control byte - command byte - control byte - RAM byte end
This allows sending a mixture of RAM and command data in one access or alternatively,
to send just one type of data in one access. In this way, it is possible to configure the
device and then fill the display RAM with little overhead. The display bytes are stored in
the display RAM at the address specified by the data pointer.
Table 32.
Control byte description
Bit
Symbol
7
CO
6 to 5
4 to 0
Value
Description
continue bit
0
last control byte
1
control bytes continue
RS[1:0]
register selection
-
00, 10, 11
command register
01
RAM data
-
06%
unused
&2 56>@
/6%
QRWUHOHYDQW
DDD
Fig 30. Control byte format
9.2 I2C interface
The I2C-bus is for bidirectional, two-line communication between different ICs or modules.
The two lines are a Serial DAta line (SDA) and a Serial CLock line (SCL). Both lines must
be connected to a positive supply via a pull-up resistor when connected to the output
stages of a device. Data transfer may be initiated only when the bus is not busy.
In Chip-On-Glass (COG) applications, where the track resistance between the SDA
output pin to the system SDA input line can be significant, the bus pull-up resistor and the
Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) track resistance may generate a voltage divider. As a
PCA8539
Product data sheet
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100 x 18 Chip-On-Glass automotive LCD dot matrix driver
consequence it may be possible that the acknowledge cycle, generated by the LCD driver,
cannot be interpreted as logic 0 by the master. Therefore it is an advantage for COG
applications to have the acknowledge output separated from the data line. For that
reason, the SDA line of the PCA8539 is split into SDAIN and SDAOUT.
In COG applications where the acknowledge cycle is required, it is necessary to minimize
the track resistance from the SDAOUT pin to the system SDAIN line to guarantee a valid
LOW level.
By splitting the SDA line into SDAIN and SDAOUT (having the SDAOUT open circuit), the
device could be used in a mode that ignores the acknowledge cycle. Separating the
acknowledge output from the serial data line can avoid design efforts to generate a valid
acknowledge level. However, in that case the I2C-bus master has to be set up in such a
way that it ignores the acknowledge cycle.2
By connecting pin SDAOUT to pin SDAIN the SDAIN line becomes fully I2C-bus
compatible (see Figure 31). The following definition assumes that SDAIN and SDAOUT
are connected and refers to the pair as SDA.
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Fig 31. SDAOUT and SDAIN configuration
9.2.1 Bit transfer
One data bit is transferred during each clock pulse. The data on the SDA line must remain
stable during the HIGH period of the clock pulse as changes in the data line at this time
are interpreted as a control signal (see Figure 32).
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Fig 32. Bit transfer
9.2.2 START and STOP conditions
Both data and clock lines remain HIGH when the bus is not busy.
A HIGH-to-LOW change of the data line, while the clock is HIGH is defined as the START
condition (S).
2.
For further information, consider the NXP application note: Ref. 1 “AN10170”.
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100 x 18 Chip-On-Glass automotive LCD dot matrix driver
A LOW-to-HIGH change of the data line while the clock is HIGH is defined as the STOP
condition (P).
The START and STOP conditions are shown in Figure 33.
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Fig 33. Definition of START and STOP conditions
9.2.3 System configuration
A device generating a message is a transmitter; a device receiving a message is the
receiver. The device that controls the message is the master; and the devices which are
controlled by the master are the slaves. The system configuration is shown in Figure 34.
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Fig 34. System configuration
9.2.4 Acknowledge
The number of data bytes transferred between the START and STOP conditions from
transmitter to receiver is unlimited. Each byte of 8 bits is followed by an acknowledge
cycle.
• A slave receiver which is addressed must generate an acknowledge after the
reception of each byte.
• Also a master receiver must generate an acknowledge after the reception of each
byte that has been clocked out of the slave transmitter.
• The device that acknowledges must pull-down the SDA line during the acknowledge
clock pulse, so that the SDA line is stable LOW during the HIGH period of the
acknowledge related clock pulse (set-up and hold times must be considered).
• A master receiver must signal an end of data to the transmitter by not generating an
acknowledge on the last byte that has been clocked out of the slave. In this event, the
transmitter must leave the data line HIGH to enable the master to generate a STOP
condition.
Acknowledgement on the I2C-bus is shown in Figure 35.
PCA8539
Product data sheet
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Rev. 2 — 12 September 2014
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PCA8539
NXP Semiconductors
100 x 18 Chip-On-Glass automotive LCD dot matrix driver
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Fig 35. Acknowledgement on the I2C-bus
9.2.5 I2C-bus controller
The PCA8539 acts as an I2C-bus slave. It does not initiate I2C-bus transfers.
9.2.6 Input filters
To enhance noise immunity in electrically adverse environments, RC low-pass filters are
provided on the SDA and SCL lines.
9.2.7 I2C-bus slave address
Device selection depends on the I2C-bus slave address.
Two different I2C-bus slave addresses can be used to address the PCA8539 (see
Table 33).
Table 33.
I2C slave address byte
Slave address
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
MSB
slave address
0
0
LSB
1
1
1
0
1
SA0
R/W
The least significant bit of the slave address byte is bit R/W (see Table 34).
Table 34.
R/W-bit description
R/W
Description
0
write data
1
read data
Bit 1 of the slave address is defined by connecting the input SA0 to either VSS1 (logic 0) or
VDD1 (logic 1). Therefore, two instances of PCA8539 can be distinguished on the same
I2C-bus.
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100 x 18 Chip-On-Glass automotive LCD dot matrix driver
9.2.8 I2C-bus protocol
Table 35. Example: Writing to RAM by I2C-bus
Bits labeled as - are ignored.
Commands and signals
Values
1. Select RAM bank and set address pointer
I2C-START
S
Slave address
0
1
1
1
0
1
SA0
0
R/W
Acknowledge from PCA8539
CO
A
0
RS[1:0]
Acknowledge from PCA8539
Command: Sel_mem_bank
0
0
-
-
-
0
0
1
0
-
A
0
general-purpose RAM 1
Acknowledge from PCA8539
A
Command: Set_mem_addr
1
address 0h
Acknowledge from PCA8539
-
SMB[2:0]
0
0
0
0
ADD[6:0]
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
SA0
A
2. Select write RAM data
I2C-RESTART
Sr
Slave address
0
R/W
0
Acknowledge from PCA8539
CO
A
0
RS[1:0]
0
Acknowledge from PCA8539
Command: Write_data
1
-
-
-
-
-
A
writing 0 to n byte
Acknowledge from master after
each byte
A
I2C-STOP
P
The I2C-bus protocol is shown in Table 35. The sequence is initiated with a START
condition (S) from the I2C-bus master which is followed by one of the two slave addresses
available. All PCA8539 with the corresponding SA0 level acknowledge in parallel to the
slave address, but all PCA8539 with the alternative SA0 level ignore the whole I2C-bus
transfer.
After acknowledgement, a control byte (see Section 9.1) follows which defines if the next
byte is RAM or command information. The control byte also defines if the next byte is a
control byte or further RAM or command data.
In this way, it is possible to configure the device and then fill the display RAM with little
overhead.
The display bytes are stored in the display RAM at the address specified by the data
pointer.
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The acknowledgement after each byte is made only by the addressed PCA8539. After the
last display byte, the I2C-bus master issues a STOP condition (P). Alternatively a
repeated START (Sr) may be issued to RESTART an I2C-bus access.
If a register readout is made, the R/W bit must be logic 1 and then the next data byte
following is provided by the PCA8539 as shown in Table 36.
Table 36. Example: Reading from RAM by I2C-bus
Bits labeled as - are ignored.
Commands and signals
Values
1. Straight forward example
1.1 Select RAM bank and set address pointer
I2C-START
S
Slave address
0
1
1
1
0
1
SA0
0
R/W
Acknowledge from PCA8539
CO
A
0
RS[1:0]
Acknowledge from PCA8539
Command: Sel_mem_bank
0
0
-
-
-
0
0
1
0
SMB[2:0]
-
A
0
general-purpose RAM 1
Acknowledge from PCA8539
A
Command: Set_mem_addr
1
address 0h
Acknowledge from PCA8539
-
0
0
0
0
ADD[6:0]
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
SA0
A
1.2 Select read RAM data
I2C-RESTART
Sr
Slave address
0
0
R/W
Acknowledge from PCA8539
CO
A
0
RS[1:0]
Acknowledge from PCA8539
I2C-RESTART
0
1
-
-
-
-
1
1
1
0
1
SA0
A
Sr
Slave address
0
1
R/W
Acknowledge from PCA8539
Command: Read_data
PCA8539
Product data sheet
-
A
reading 0 to n byte
Acknowledge from master after
each byte
A
I2C-STOP
P
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100 x 18 Chip-On-Glass automotive LCD dot matrix driver
Table 36. Example: Reading from RAM by I2C-bus …continued
Bits labeled as - are ignored.
Commands and signals
Values
2. Extended example: select new mem address
2.1 Setting the address pointer[1]
I2C-START
S
Slave address
0
1
1
1
0
1
SA0
0
R/W
Acknowledge from PCA8539
CO
A
0
RS[1:0]
0
Acknowledge from PCA8539
A
Command: Set_mem_addr
1
address 40h
-
-
-
-
-
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
SA0
ADD[6:0]
1
Acknowledge from PCA8539
0
A
2.2 Select read RAM data from new mem address
I2C-RESTART
Sr
Slave address
0
1
0
R/W
Acknowledge from PCA8539
CO
A
0
RS[1:0]
Acknowledge from PCA8539
A
I2C-RESTART
Sr
Slave address
0
0
1
-
-
-
-
1
1
1
0
1
SA0
-
1
R/W
Acknowledge from PCA8539
Command: Read_data
A
reading 0 to n byte
Acknowledge from master after
each byte
A
I2C-STOP
P
3. Extended example: decrementing address pointer
3.1 Setting the address pointer[1]
I2C-START
S
Slave address
0
1
1
1
0
1
SA0
0
R/W
Acknowledge from PCA8539
CO
A
0
RS[1:0]
0
Acknowledge from PCA8539
A
Command: Set_mem_addr
1
address 4Fh
PCA8539
Product data sheet
-
-
-
-
-
0
1
1
1
1
ADD[6:0]
1
Acknowledge from PCA8539
0
0
A
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Table 36. Example: Reading from RAM by I2C-bus …continued
Bits labeled as - are ignored.
Commands and signals
Values
3.2 Select decrement address pointer
I2C-RESTART
Sr
Slave address
0
1
1
1
0
1
SA0
0
R/W
Acknowledge from PCA8539
CO
A
0
RS[1:0]
Acknowledge from PCA8539
Command: Entry_mode_set
Acknowledge from PCA8539
1
0
-
-
-
-
-
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
SA0
A
0
A
3.3 Select read RAM data
I2C-RESTART
Sr
Slave address
0
0
R/W
Acknowledge from PCA8539
CO
A
0
RS[1:0]
Acknowledge from PCA8539
I2C-RESTART
0
1
-
-
-
-
1
1
1
0
1
SA0
A
Sr
Slave address
0
1
R/W
Acknowledge from PCA8539
Command: Read_data
A
reading 0 to n byte
Acknowledge from master after
each byte
A
I2C-STOP
P
[1]
-
Assuming that general-purpose RAM was already selected.
9.3 SPI interface
Data transfer to the device is made via a four-line SPI-bus (see Table 37). The SPI-bus is
initialized whenever the chip enable line pin CE is inactive.
Table 37.
Serial interface
Symbol
Function
Description
CE
chip enable input;
active LOW[1]
when HIGH, the interface is reset
SCL
serial clock input
input may be higher than VDD1
SDI/SDAIN serial data input
input may be higher than VDD1;
input data is sampled on the rising edge of SCL
SDO
[1]
PCA8539
Product data sheet
serial data output
The chip enable must not be wired permanently LOW.
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9.3.1 SPI-bus data transfer
The chip enable signal is used to identify the transmitted data. Each data transfer is a
byte, with the MSB sent first.
The transmission is controlled by the active LOW chip enable signal CE. The first byte
transmitted is the subaddress byte.
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Fig 36. SPI data transfer overview
The subaddress byte opens the communication with a read/write bit and a subaddress.
The subaddress is used to identify multiple devices on one SPI bus.
Table 38.
Subaddress byte definition
Bit
Symbol
7
R/W
6 to 5
SA
4 to 0
-
Value
Description
data read or write selection
0
write data
1
read data
01
Subaddress; other codes cause the device to
ignore data transfer
unused
After the subaddress byte, a control byte follows (see Section 9.1). The purpose of this
byte is to indicate the content for the following data bytes (RAM, command or control
byte).
In this way, it is possible to send a mixture of RAM and command data in one access or
alternatively, to send just one type of data in one access.
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PCA8539
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100 x 18 Chip-On-Glass automotive LCD dot matrix driver
Table 39. Example: Writing to RAM by SPI-bus
Bits labeled as - are ignored.
Commands and signals
Values
1.1 Select RAM bank and set address pointer
CE LOW
0
R/W
Subaddress
CO
0
1
-
-
-
-
-
0
0
-
-
-
-
-
0
0
1
0
SMB[2:0]
0
RS[1:0]
Command: Sel_mem_bank
0
general-purpose RAM 1
Command: Set_mem_addr
1
address 0h
0
0
0
ADD[6:0]
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
-
-
-
-
-
0
1
-
-
-
-
-
CE HIGH
1.2 Select write RAM data
CE LOW
0
R/W
Subaddress
CO
0
RS[1:0]
Command: Write_data
writing 0 to n byte
CE HIGH
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PCA8539
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100 x 18 Chip-On-Glass automotive LCD dot matrix driver
Table 40. Example: Reading from RAM by SPI-bus
Bits labeled as - are ignored.
Commands and signals
Values
1. Straight forward example
1.1 Select RAM bank and set address pointer
CE LOW
0
R/W
Subaddress
CO
0
1
-
-
-
-
-
0
0
-
-
-
-
-
0
0
0
1
0
SMB[2:0]
1
ADD[6:0]
0
RS[1:0]
Command: Sel_mem_bank
general-purpose RAM 1
Command: Set_mem_addr
address 0h
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
-
-
-
-
-
0
1
-
-
-
-
-
0
1
-
-
-
-
-
CE HIGH
1.2 Select read RAM data
CE LOW
0
R/W
Subaddress
CO
0
RS[1:0]
CE HIGH
CE LOW
1
R/W
Subaddress
Command: Read_data
reading 0 to n byte
CE HIGH
2. Extended example: select new mem address
2.1 Setting the address pointer[1]
CE LOW
0
R/W
Subaddress
CO
0
1
-
-
-
-
-
0
0
-
-
-
-
-
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
-
-
-
-
-
0
1
-
-
-
-
-
0
RS[1:0]
Command: Set_mem_addr
1
address 40h
ADD[6:0]
1
CE HIGH
2.2 Select read RAM data from new mem address
CE LOW
R/W
0
Subaddress
CO
RS[1:0]
PCA8539
Product data sheet
0
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Table 40. Example: Reading from RAM by SPI-bus …continued
Bits labeled as - are ignored.
Commands and signals
Values
CE HIGH
CE LOW
1
R/W
Subaddress
0
Command: Read_data
1
-
-
-
-
-
reading 0 to n byte
CE HIGH
3. Extended example: decrementing address pointer
3.1 Setting the address pointer[1]
CE LOW
0
R/W
Subaddress
CO
0
1
-
-
-
-
-
0
0
-
-
-
-
-
0
RS[1:0]
Command: Set_mem_addr
1
address 4Fh
ADD[6:0]
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
-
-
-
-
-
1
0
-
-
-
-
-
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
-
-
-
-
-
0
1
-
-
-
-
-
0
1
-
-
-
-
-
CE HIGH
3.2 Select decrement address pointer
CE LOW
0
R/W
Subaddress
CO
0
RS[1:0]
Command: Entry_mode_set
0
CE HIGH
3.3 Select read RAM data
CE LOW
0
R/W
Subaddress
CO
0
RS[1:0]
CE HIGH
CE LOW
1
R/W
Subaddress
Command: Read_data
reading 0 to n byte
CE HIGH
[1]
PCA8539
Product data sheet
Assuming that general-purpose RAM was already selected.
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100 x 18 Chip-On-Glass automotive LCD dot matrix driver
10. Internal circuitry
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Fig 37. Device protection diagram
PCA8539
Product data sheet
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PCA8539
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11. Safety notes
CAUTION
This device is sensitive to ElectroStatic Discharge (ESD). Observe precautions for handling
electrostatic sensitive devices.
Such precautions are described in the ANSI/ESD S20.20, IEC/ST 61340-5, JESD625-A or
equivalent standards.
CAUTION
Static voltages across the liquid crystal display can build up when the LCD supply voltage
(VLCD) is on while the IC supply voltage (VDD) is off, or vice versa. This may cause unwanted
display artifacts. To avoid such artifacts, VLCD and VDD must be applied or removed together.
CAUTION
Semiconductors are light sensitive. Exposure to light sources can cause the IC to
malfunction. The IC must be protected against light. The protection must be applied to all
sides of the IC.
PCA8539
Product data sheet
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PCA8539
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100 x 18 Chip-On-Glass automotive LCD dot matrix driver
12. Limiting values
Table 41. Limiting values
In accordance with the Absolute Maximum Rating System (IEC 60134).
Symbol
Parameter
Conditions
Min
Max
Unit
VDD1
supply voltage 1
analog and digital
0.5
+6.5
V
VDD2
supply voltage 2
charge pump
0.5
+6.5
V
IDD1
supply current 1
analog and digital
50
+50
mA
IDD2
supply current 2
charge pump
50
+50
mA
VLCD
LCD supply voltage
external supply, input on pin
VLCDIN
0.5
+20
V
IDD(LCD)
LCD supply current
50
+50
mA
Vi
input voltage
on pins CLK, OSC, RST,
PD, IFS, SCL, SDI/SDAIN,
SA0, CE
0.5
+6.5
V
on pin VLCDSENSE
0.5
+20
V
10
+10
mA
on pins S0 to S99,
COM0 to COM17,
VLCDOUT
0.5
+20
V
on pins SDO, SDAOUT, CLK
0.5
+6.5
V
10
+10
mA
II
input current
VO
output voltage
IO
output current
ISS
ground supply current
50
+50
mA
Ptot
total power dissipation
-
400
mW
P/out
power dissipation per
output
-
100
mW
VESD
electrostatic discharge
voltage
[1]
-
3000
V
Ilu
latch-up current
[2]
-
100
mA
Tstg
storage temperature
[3]
65
+150
C
Tamb
ambient temperature
40
+105
C
HBM
operating device
[1]
Pass level; Human Body Model (HBM), according to Ref. 8 “JESD22-A114”.
[2]
Pass level; latch-up testing according to Ref. 10 “JESD78” at maximum ambient temperature (Tamb(max)).
[3]
According to the store and transport requirements (see Ref. 13 “UM10569”) the devices have to be stored at a temperature of +8 C to
+45 C and a humidity of 25 % to 75 %.
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13. Static characteristics
Table 42. Static characteristics
VDD1, VDD2 = 2.5 V to 5.5 V; VSS1 = 0 V; VLCD = 4.0 V to 16.0 V; Tamb = 40 C to +105 C; unless otherwise specified.
Symbol
Parameter
Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
Supplies
VDD1
supply voltage 1
2.5
-
5.5
V
VDD2
supply voltage 2
2.5
-
5.5
V
VLCD
LCD supply voltage
external supply, input on
pin VLCDIN
4.0
-
16.0
V
internal supply, output on
pin VLCDOUT
4.0
-
16.0
V
default condition after
power-on and Initialize
command
-
40[1]
59[2]
A
display enabled;
internal clock
-
95[1]
-
A
default condition after
power-on and Initialize
command;
charge pump off
-
0
-
A
VDD2 = 5 V;
charge pump at
VLCD = 2 VDD2;
VLCD = 8 V;
CVLCD = 100 nF;
display disabled;
see Figure 39
-
25
-
A
display disabled
-
7
12
A
MUX 1:18;
1⁄ bias;
4
ffr = 80 Hz;
all display
elements/segments on;
frame inversion mode;
display enabled;
no display attached;
see Figure 40
-
70
-
A
-
2
-
A
IDD1
IDD2
IDD(LCD)
IDD(pd)
supply current 1
supply current 2
LCD supply current
power-down mode supply
current
PCA8539
Product data sheet
VLCD VDD2
on pin VDD1;
see Figure 38
on pin VDD2
on pin VLCDIN;
external VLCD = 8 V
on pin VDD1;
pin PD is HIGH;
VDD1 = 5 V;
Tamb = 25 C
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100 x 18 Chip-On-Glass automotive LCD dot matrix driver
Table 42. Static characteristics …continued
VDD1, VDD2 = 2.5 V to 5.5 V; VSS1 = 0 V; VLCD = 4.0 V to 16.0 V; Tamb = 40 C to +105 C; unless otherwise specified.
Symbol
Parameter
Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
VLCD
LCD voltage variation
on pin VLCDOUT;
internal VLCD;
VLCD = 8 V;
Tamb = 25 C;
see Figure 41
7.9
8
8.1
V
ffr
frame frequency variation
internal clock;
ffr = 80 Hz;
Tamb = 25 C;
see Figure 42
77
80
83
Hz
Tmeas
measurement temperature
variation
Tamb = 25 C
22
25
28
C
on pin COM0 to COM17;
external VLCD = 8 V
-
1
-
k
on pin S0 to S99;
external VLCD = 8 V
-
2.5
-
k
V
Accuracy
Output resistance
RO
output resistance
Logic
On pins CLK, OSC, PD, RST, IFS, SA0
VIL
LOW-level input voltage
0.3
-
0.3VDD1
VIH
HIGH-level input voltage
0.7VDD1
-
VDD1 + 0.3 V
ILI
input leakage current
-
0
-
VI = VDD1 or VSS1
A
On pins CLK
VOH
HIGH-level output voltage
0.8VDD1
-
VDD1 + 0.3 V
VOL
LOW-level output voltage
0.3
-
0.2VDD1
V
IOH
HIGH-level output current
output source current;
VOH = 4.6 V;
VDD1 = 5 V
1
-
-
mA
IOL
LOW-level output current
output sink current;
VOL = 0.4 V;
VDD1 = 5 V
1
-
-
mA
ILO
output leakage current
VO = VDD1 or VSS1
-
0
-
A
I2C-bus
On pins SCL, SDI/SDAIN
VIL
LOW-level input voltage
0.3
-
0.3VDD1
V
VIH
HIGH-level input voltage
0.7VDD1
-
5.5
V
ILI
input leakage current
-
0
-
A
VI = VDD1 or VSS1
On pin SDAOUT
VO
output voltage
0.5
-
+5.5
V
IOL
LOW-level output current
output sink current;
VOL = 0.4 V
6
-
-
mA
ILI
input leakage current
VI = VDD1 or VSS1
-
0
-
A
ILO
output leakage current
VO = VSS1
-
0
-
A
PCA8539
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100 x 18 Chip-On-Glass automotive LCD dot matrix driver
Table 42. Static characteristics …continued
VDD1, VDD2 = 2.5 V to 5.5 V; VSS1 = 0 V; VLCD = 4.0 V to 16.0 V; Tamb = 40 C to +105 C; unless otherwise specified.
Symbol
Parameter
Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
V
SPI-bus
On pins SCL, SDI/SDAIN, CE
VIL
LOW-level input voltage
0.3
-
0.3VDD1
VIH
HIGH-level input voltage
0.7VDD1
-
VDD1 + 0.3 V
ILI
input leakage current
-
0
-
VI = VDD1 or VSS1
A
On pin SDO
VOH
HIGH-level output voltage
0.8VDD1
-
VDD1 + 0.3 V
VOL
LOW-level output voltage
0.3
-
0.2VDD1
V
IOH
HIGH-level output current
output source current;
VOH = 4.6 V;
VDD1 = 5 V
1
-
-
mA
IOL
LOW-level output current
output sink current;
VOL = 0.4 V;
VDD1 = 5 V
1
-
-
mA
ILO
output leakage current
VO = VDD1 or VSS1
-
0
-
A
[1]
VDD1 = 5 V; Tamb = 25 C.
[2]
VDD1 = 5.5 V; Tamb = 105 C.
DDD
,''
$
7DPE&
VDD1 = 5 V.
(1) Display enabled, oscillator enabled.
(2) Default conditions after power-on and initialization.
Fig 38. Typical IDD1 with respect to temperature
PCA8539
Product data sheet
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100 x 18 Chip-On-Glass automotive LCD dot matrix driver
DDD
,''
$
7DPE&
(1) VDD2 = 3 V; charge pump at VLCD = 3 VDD2; VLCD = 8 V; CVLCD = 100 nF; display disabled.
(2) VDD2 = 5 V; charge pump at VLCD = 2 VDD2; VLCD = 8 V; CVLCD = 100 nF; display disabled.
(3) Default conditions after power-on and initialization; charge pump off.
Fig 39. Typical IDD2 with respect to temperature
DDD
,''/&'
$
7DPE&
External VLCD = 8 V.
(1) Driving mode 1:18, ffr = 80 Hz; frame inversion; no load; display enabled.
(2) Driving mode 1:18, ffr = 80 Hz; frame inversion; no load; display disabled.
Fig 40. Typical IDD(LCD) with respect to temperature
PCA8539
Product data sheet
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PCA8539
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100 x 18 Chip-On-Glass automotive LCD dot matrix driver
DDD
9/&'
9
7DPE&
Conditions: VDD2 = 5 V; charge pump at VLCD = 2 VDD2; VLCD = 8 V; VLCD[8:0] = 134h;
temperature compensation disabled.
Fig 41. Typical VLCD variation with respect to temperature
DDD
IIU
+]
7DPE&
Conditions: frame frequency prescaler = 00111; 80 Hz typical.
Fig 42. Typical frame frequency variation with respect to temperature
PCA8539
Product data sheet
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Rev. 2 — 12 September 2014
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PCA8539
NXP Semiconductors
100 x 18 Chip-On-Glass automotive LCD dot matrix driver
DDD
7PHDV
&
7PHDVPD[
7PHDVW\S
7PHDVPLQ
7DPE&
Fig 43. Measurement temperature variation with respect to temperature
PCA8539
Product data sheet
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Rev. 2 — 12 September 2014
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72 of 95
PCA8539
NXP Semiconductors
100 x 18 Chip-On-Glass automotive LCD dot matrix driver
14. Dynamic characteristics
14.1 General timing characteristics
Table 43. General dynamic characteristics
VDD1, VDD2 = 2.5 V to 5.5 V; VSS1 = 0 V; VLCD = 4.0 V to 16.0 V; Tamb = 40 C to +105 C; unless otherwise specified.
Symbol
Parameter
Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
fclk(int)
internal clock frequency
on pin CLK; Tamb = 25 C;
FF[4:0] = 00111
61600
64000
66400
Hz
fclk(ext)
external clock frequency
on pin CLK
36000
-
288000
Hz
tclk(H)
HIGH-level clock time
external clock source used
5
-
-
s
tclk(L)
LOW-level clock time
5
-
-
s
14.2 I2C-bus timing characteristics
Table 44. I2C-bus timing characteristics
VDD1, VDD2 = 2.5 V to 5.5 V; VSS1 = 0 V; VLCD = 4.0 V to 16.0 V; Tamb = 40 C to +105 C; unless otherwise specified.[1]
Symbol
Parameter
fSCL
Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
SCL frequency
-
-
400
kHz
tBUF
bus free time between a
STOP and START
condition
1.3
-
-
s
tHD;STA
hold time (repeated)
START condition
0.6
-
-
s
tSU;STA
set-up time for a repeated
START condition
0.6
-
-
s
tVD;DAT
data valid time
[2]
-
-
0.9
s
tVD;ACK
data valid acknowledge
time
[3]
-
-
0.9
s
tLOW
LOW period of the SCL
clock
1.3
-
-
s
tHIGH
HIGH period of the SCL
clock
0.6
-
-
s
tf
fall time
of both SDA and SCL
signals
-
-
0.3
s
tr
rise time
of both SDA and SCL
signals
-
-
0.3
s
Cb
capacitive load for each
bus line
-
-
400
pF
tSU;DAT
data set-up time
100
-
-
ns
tHD;DAT
data hold time
0
-
-
ns
tSU;STO
set-up time for STOP
condition
0.6
-
-
s
tw(spike)
spike pulse width
-
-
50
ns
[1]
All timing values are valid within the operating supply voltage and ambient temperature range and are referenced to VIL and VIH with an
input voltage swing of VSS1 to VDD1.
[2]
tVD;DAT = minimum time for valid SDA output following SCL LOW.
[3]
tVD;ACK = time for acknowledgement signal from SCL LOW to SDA output LOW.
PCA8539
Product data sheet
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Rev. 2 — 12 September 2014
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PCA8539
NXP Semiconductors
100 x 18 Chip-On-Glass automotive LCD dot matrix driver
IFON
WFON+
WFON/
9''
&/.
9''
DDD
Fig 44. Driver timing waveforms
35272&2/
67$57
&21',7,21
6
W6867$
%,7
06%
$
W/2:
%,7
/6%
5:
%,7
$
W+,*+
$&.12:/('*(
$
6723
&21',7,21
3
I6&/
6&/
W%8)
WU
WI
6'$
W+'67$
W68'$7
W+''$7
W9''$7
W68672
DDD
Fig 45. I2C-bus timing diagram
PCA8539
Product data sheet
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Rev. 2 — 12 September 2014
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PCA8539
NXP Semiconductors
100 x 18 Chip-On-Glass automotive LCD dot matrix driver
14.3 SPI-bus timing characteristics
Table 45. SPI-bus characteristics
VDD1, VDD2 = 2.5 V to 5.5 V; VSS1 = 0 V; VLCD = 4.0 V to 16.0 V; Tamb = 40 C to +105 C; unless otherwise specified. All
timing values are valid within the operating supply voltage at ambient temperature and referenced to VIL and VIH with an input
voltage swing of VSS1 to VDD1 (see Figure 46).
Symbol
Parameter
Conditions
Min
Max
Unit
Pin SCL
fclk(SCL)
SCL clock frequency
-
3.0
MHz
tSCL
SCL time
333
-
ns
tclk(H)
clock HIGH time
100
-
ns
tclk(L)
clock LOW time
150
-
ns
tr
rise time
for SCL signal
-
100
ns
tf
fall time
for SCL signal
-
100
ns
Pin CE
tsu(CE_N)
CE_N set-up time
30
-
ns
th(CE_N)
CE_N hold time
30
-
ns
trec(CE_N)
CE_N recovery time
30
-
ns
Pin SDI
tsu
set-up time
set-up time for SDI data
30
-
ns
th
hold time
hold time for SDI data
30
-
ns
td(R)SDO
SDO read delay time
CL = 100 pF
-
150
ns
tdis(SDO)
SDO disable time
[1]
-
50
ns
tt(SDI-SDO)
transition time from SDI to
SDO
to avoid bus conflict
0
-
ns
Pin SDO
[1]
No load value; bus is held up by bus capacitance; use RC time constant with application values.
PCA8539
Product data sheet
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Rev. 2 — 12 September 2014
© NXP Semiconductors N.V. 2014. All rights reserved.
75 of 95
PCA8539
NXP Semiconductors
100 x 18 Chip-On-Glass automotive LCD dot matrix driver
&(
WVX&(B1
WUHF&(B1
WU
WI
WFON6&/
WK&(B1
6&/
WFON/
WFON+
WVX
:5,7(
WK
5:
6',6'$,1
6$
5$
E
E
E
E
E
KLJK=
6'2
5($'
6',6'$,1
E
WW6',6'2
KLJK=
6'2
WG56'2
E
WGLV6'2
E
E
DDD
Fig 46. SPI-bus timing
15. Test information
15.1 Quality information
This product has been qualified to the appropriate Automotive Electronics Council (AEC)
standard Q100 or Q101 and is suitable for use in automotive applications.
PCA8539
Product data sheet
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76 of 95
PCA8539
NXP Semiconductors
100 x 18 Chip-On-Glass automotive LCD dot matrix driver
16. Bare die outline
%DUHGLHEXPSV
3&$'8*
;
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PP
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H
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(XURSHDQ
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Fig 47. Bare die outline of PCA8539DUG
PCA8539
Product data sheet
All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers.
Rev. 2 — 12 September 2014
© NXP Semiconductors N.V. 2014. All rights reserved.
77 of 95
PCA8539
NXP Semiconductors
100 x 18 Chip-On-Glass automotive LCD dot matrix driver
Table 46. Dimensions of PCA8539DUG
Original dimensions are in mm.
Unit (mm)
A
A1
A2
b
D
E
e
e1
L
max
-
0.018
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
nom
0.395
0.015
0.38
0.025
5.64
1.24
0.040
0.114
0.1
min
-
0.012
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Table 47. Bump locations of PCA8539DUG
All x/y coordinates represent the position of the center of each bump with respect to the center
(x/y = 0) of the chip; see Figure 47
Symbol
Y (µm)
X (µm)
1
-2711.3
-509.0
-
2
-2666.3 -509.0
-45.0
3
-2621.3 -509.0
-45.0
COM14
4
-2576.3 -509.0
-45.0
5
-2531.3 -509.0
-45.0
COM15
6
-2486.3 -509.0
-45.0
7
-2441.3 -509.0
-45.0
COM16
8
-2396.3 -509.0
-45.0
9
-2351.3 -509.0
-45.0
VLCDIN
10
-2242.7 -509.0
-108.6
11
-2197.7 -509.0
-45.0
12
-2152.7 -509.0
-45.0
Symbol
Pin Coordinates
X (µm)
Pitch
Y (µm)
X (µm)
119 2681.5
509.0
-
120 2636.5
509.0
45.0
121 2591.5
509.0
45.0
122 2546.5
509.0
45.0
123 2501.5
509.0
45.0
124 2456.5
509.0
45.0
125 2411.5
509.0
45.0
126 2366.5
509.0
45.0
127 2321.5
509.0
45.0
128 2276.5
509.0
45.0
129 2231.5
509.0
45.0
COM17
130 2186.5
509.0
45.0
COM4
COM3
COM2
COM1
COM0
13
-2107.7 -509.0
-45.0
131 2141.5
509.0
45.0
VLCDSENSE 14
-2062.7 -509.0
-45.0
S99
132 2027.9
509.0
113.6
15
-2017.7 -509.0
-45.0
S98
133 1987.9
509.0
40.0
16
-1972.7 -509.0
-45.0
S97
134 1947.9
509.0
40.0
17
-1927.7 -509.0
-45.0
S96
135 1907.9
509.0
40.0
18
-1882.7 -509.0
-45.0
S95
136 1867.9
509.0
40.0
19
-1837.7 -509.0
-45.0
S94
137 1827.9
509.0
40.0
20
-1792.7 -509.0
-45.0
S93
138 1787.9
509.0
40.0
21
-1747.7 -509.0
-45.0
S92
139 1747.9
509.0
40.0
22
-1702.7 -509.0
-45.0
S91
140 1707.9
509.0
40.0
23
-1657.7 -509.0
-45.0
S90
141 1667.9
509.0
40.0
24
-1612.7 -509.0
-45.0
S89
142 1627.9
509.0
40.0
25
-1567.7 -509.0
-45.0
S88
143 1587.9
509.0
40.0
26
-1522.7 -509.0
-45.0
S87
144 1547.9
509.0
40.0
27
-1477.7 -509.0
-45.0
S86
145 1507.9
509.0
40.0
28
-1432.7 -509.0
-45.0
S85
146 1467.9
509.0
40.0
29
-1387.7 -509.0
-45.0
S84
147 1427.9
509.0
40.0
30
-1342.7 -509.0
-45.0
S83
148 1387.9
509.0
40.0
VLCDOUT
VSS2
Product data sheet
Pitch
X (µm)
COM13
PCA8539
Pin Coordinates
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Rev. 2 — 12 September 2014
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78 of 95
PCA8539
NXP Semiconductors
100 x 18 Chip-On-Glass automotive LCD dot matrix driver
Table 47. Bump locations of PCA8539DUG …continued
All x/y coordinates represent the position of the center of each bump with respect to the center
(x/y = 0) of the chip; see Figure 47
Symbol
Pin Coordinates
X (µm)
VSS3
VSS1
T1
T2
T4
OSC
SA0
IFS
VDD1
PCA8539
Product data sheet
Y (µm)
Pitch
Symbol
X (µm)
Pin Coordinates
X (µm)
Y (µm)
Pitch
X (µm)
31
-1297.7 -509.0
-45.0
S82
149 1347.9
509.0
40.0
32
-1252.7 -509.0
-45.0
S81
150 1307.9
509.0
40.0
33
-1207.7 -509.0
-45.0
S80
151 1267.9
509.0
40.0
34
-1162.7
-509.0
-45.0
S79
152 1227.9
509.0
40.0
35
-1117.7
-509.0
-45.0
S78
153 1187.9
509.0
40.0
36
-1072.7 -509.0
-45.0
S77
154 1147.9
509.0
40.0
37
-1027.7 -509.0
-45.0
S76
155 1107.9
509.0
40.0
38
-982.7
-509.0
-45.0
S75
156 1067.9
509.0
40.0
39
-937.7
-509.0
-45.0
S74
157 1027.9
509.0
40.0
40
-892.7
-509.0
-45.0
S73
158 987.9
509.0
40.0
41
-847.7
-509.0
-45.0
S72
159 947.9
509.0
40.0
42
-802.7
-509.0
-45.0
S71
160 907.9
509.0
40.0
43
-757.7
-509.0
-45.0
S70
161 867.9
509.0
40.0
44
-712.7
-509.0
-45.0
S69
162 827.9
509.0
40.0
45
-667.7
-509.0
-45.0
S68
163 787.9
509.0
40.0
46
-622.7
-509.0
-45.0
S67
164 747.9
509.0
40.0
47
-577.7
-509.0
-45.0
S66
165 707.9
509.0
40.0
48
-532.7
-509.0
-45.0
S65
166 606.9
509.0
101.0
49
-487.7
-509.0
-45.0
S64
167 566.9
509.0
40.0
50
-442.7
-509.0
-45.0
S63
168 526.9
509.0
40.0
51
-397.7
-509.0
-45.0
S62
169 486.9
509.0
40.0
52
-352.7
-509.0
-45.0
S61
170 446.9
509.0
40.0
53
-307.7
-509.0
-45.0
S60
171 406.9
509.0
40.0
54
-262.7
-509.0
-45.0
S59
172 366.9
509.0
40.0
55
-217.7
-509.0
-45.0
S58
173 326.9
509.0
40.0
56
-172.7
-509.0
-45.0
S57
174 286.9
509.0
40.0
57
-127.7
-509.0
-45.0
S56
175 246.9
509.0
40.0
58
-82.7
-509.0
-45.0
S55
176 206.9
509.0
40.0
59
-37.7
-509.0
-45.0
S54
177 166.9
509.0
40.0
60
7.3
-509.0
-45.0
S53
178 126.9
509.0
40.0
61
52.3
-509.0
-45.0
S52
179 86.9
509.0
40.0
62
97.3
-509.0
-45.0
S51
180 46.9
509.0
40.0
63
142.3
-509.0
-45.0
S50
181 6.9
509.0
40.0
64
187.3
-509.0
-45.0
S49
182 -33.1
509.0
40.0
65
232.3
-509.0
-45.0
S48
183 -73.1
509.0
40.0
All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers.
Rev. 2 — 12 September 2014
© NXP Semiconductors N.V. 2014. All rights reserved.
79 of 95
PCA8539
NXP Semiconductors
100 x 18 Chip-On-Glass automotive LCD dot matrix driver
Table 47. Bump locations of PCA8539DUG …continued
All x/y coordinates represent the position of the center of each bump with respect to the center
(x/y = 0) of the chip; see Figure 47
Symbol
Pin Coordinates
X (µm)
VDD2
X (µm)
Pin Coordinates
X (µm)
Pitch
Y (µm)
X (µm)
66
277.3
-509.0
-45.0
S47
184 -113.1
509.0
40.0
322.3
-509.0
-45.0
S46
185 -153.1
509.0
40.0
68
367.3
-509.0
-45.0
S45
186 -193.1
509.0
40.0
69
412.3
-509.0
-45.0
S44
187 -233.1
509.0
40.0
70
457.3
-509.0
-45.0
S43
188 -273.1
509.0
40.0
71
502.3
-509.0
-45.0
S42
189 -313.1
509.0
40.0
72
547.3
-509.0
-45.0
S41
190 -353.1
509.0
40.0
73
592.3
-509.0
-45.0
S40
191 -393.1
509.0
40.0
74
637.3
-509.0
-45.0
S39
192 -433.1
509.0
40.0
75
682.3
-509.0
-45.0
S38
193 -473.1
509.0
40.0
76
727.3
-509.0
-45.0
S37
194 -513.1
509.0
40.0
77
772.3
-509.0
-45.0
S36
195 -553.1
509.0
40.0
78
817.3
-509.0
-45.0
S35
196 -593.1
509.0
40.0
79
862.3
-509.0
-45.0
S34
197 -633.1
509.0
40.0
80
907.3
-509.0
-45.0
S33
198 -673.1
509.0
40.0
PWROUT
81
952.3
-509.0
-45.0
S32
199 -713.1
509.0
40.0
82
997.3
-509.0
-45.0
S31
200 -753.1
509.0
40.0
PWRIN
83
1042.3
-509.0
-45.0
S30
201 -793.1
509.0
40.0
84
1087.3
-509.0
-45.0
S29
202 -894.1
509.0
101.0
85
1132.3
-509.0
-45.0
S28
203 -934.1
509.0
40.0
86
1177.3
-509.0
-45.0
S27
204 -974.1
509.0
40.0
87
1222.3
-509.0
-45.0
S26
205 -1014.1 509.0
40.0
88
1267.3
-509.0
-45.0
S25
206 -1054.1 509.0
40.0
89
1312.3
-509.0
-45.0
S24
207 -1094.1 509.0
40.0
90
1357.3
-509.0
-45.0
S23
208 -1134.1
509.0
40.0
91
1402.3
-509.0
-45.0
S22
209 -1174.1
509.0
40.0
92
1447.3
-509.0
-45.0
S21
210 -1214.1 509.0
40.0
93
1492.3
-509.0
-45.0
S20
211 -1254.1 509.0
40.0
94
1537.3
-509.0
-45.0
S19
212 -1294.1 509.0
40.0
95
1582.3
-509.0
-45.0
S18
213 -1334.1 509.0
40.0
96
1627.3
-509.0
-45.0
S17
214 -1374.1 509.0
40.0
97
1672.3
-509.0
-45.0
S16
215 -1414.1 509.0
40.0
98
1717.3
-509.0
-45.0
S15
216 -1454.1 509.0
40.0
99
1762.3
-509.0
-45.0
S14
217 -1494.1 509.0
40.0
100 1807.3
-509.0
-45.0
S13
218 -1534.1 509.0
40.0
101 1852.3
-509.0
-45.0
S12
219 -1574.1 509.0
40.0
T3
CE
CLK
RST
SDI/SDAIN
SDO
Product data sheet
Symbol
67
PD
PCA8539
Y (µm)
Pitch
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PCA8539
NXP Semiconductors
100 x 18 Chip-On-Glass automotive LCD dot matrix driver
Table 47. Bump locations of PCA8539DUG …continued
All x/y coordinates represent the position of the center of each bump with respect to the center
(x/y = 0) of the chip; see Figure 47
Symbol
SCL
SDAOUT
COM17
COM7
COM6
COM5
Pin Coordinates
Pitch
Symbol
Pin Coordinates
X (µm)
Y (µm)
X (µm)
102 1897.3
-509.0
-45.0
S11
220 -1614.1 509.0
40.0
103 1942.3
-509.0
-45.0
S10
221 -1654.1 509.0
40.0
104 1987.3
-509.0
-45.0
S9
222 -1694.1 509.0
40.0
105 2032.3
-509.0
-45.0
S8
223 -1734.1 509.0
40.0
106 2077.3
-509.0
-45.0
S7
224 -1774.1 509.0
40.0
107 2122.3
-509.0
-45.0
S6
225 -1814.1 509.0
40.0
108 2167.3
-509.0
-45.0
S5
226 -1854.1 509.0
40.0
109 2212.3
-509.0
-45.0
S4
227 -1894.1 509.0
40.0
110 2320.9
-509.0
-108.6
S3
228 -1934.1 509.0
40.0
111 2365.9
-509.0
-45.0
S2
229 -1974.1 509.0
40.0
112 2410.9
-509.0
-45.0
S1
230 -2014.1 509.0
40.0
113 2455.9
-509.0
-45.0
S0
231 -2054.1 509.0
40.0
114 2500.9
-509.0
-45.0
COM16
115 2545.9
-509.0
-45.0
116 2590.9
-509.0
-45.0
117 2635.9
-509.0
-45.0
118 2680.9
-509.0
-45.0
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
5()
X (µm)
COM8
COM9
COM10
COM11
Y (µm)
Pitch
X (µm)
232 -2160.2 509.0
106.1
233 -2205.2 509.0
45.0
234 -2250.2 509.0
45.0
235 -2295.2 509.0
45.0
236 -2340.2 509.0
45.0
237 -2385.2 509.0
45.0
238 -2430.2 509.0
45.0
239 -2475.2 509.0
45.0
240 -2520.2 509.0
45.0
241 -2565.2 509.0
45.0
242 -2610.2 509.0
45.0
-
243 -2655.2 509.0
45.0
-
244 -2700.2 509.0
45.0
COM12
6
5()
&
DDD
Fig 48. Alignment marks
PCA8539
Product data sheet
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PCA8539
NXP Semiconductors
100 x 18 Chip-On-Glass automotive LCD dot matrix driver
Table 48. Alignment marking
All x/y coordinates represent the position of the REF point (see Figure 48) with respect to the center
(x/y = 0) of the chip; see Figure 47.
Symbol
Size (m)
X (m)
Y (m)
S1
90 90
2585.0
36.0
C1
90 90
2522.0
36
17. Handling information
All input and output pins are protected against ElectroStatic Discharge (ESD) under
normal handling. When handling Metal-Oxide Semiconductor (MOS) devices ensure that
all normal precautions are taken as described in JESD625-A, IEC 61340-5 or equivalent
standards.
PCA8539
Product data sheet
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82 of 95
PCA8539
NXP Semiconductors
100 x 18 Chip-On-Glass automotive LCD dot matrix driver
18. Packing information
18.1 Packing information on the tray
-
$
+
%
$
$
[
;
.
)
GLH
(
GHWDLO;
'
\
\
[
*
)
(
&
2
1
/
0
6(&7,21$$
<
'LPHQVLRQVLQPP
GHWDLO<
DDD
Schematic drawing, not drawn to scale. Top side view. For dimensions, see Table 49. Tray has pockets on both, top side and
bottom side. The IC is stored with the active side up. To get the active side down, turn the tray.
Fig 49. Tray details of PCA8539DUG
PCA8539
Product data sheet
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83 of 95
PCA8539
NXP Semiconductors
100 x 18 Chip-On-Glass automotive LCD dot matrix driver
Table 49. Specification of 3 inch tray details
Tray details are shown in Figure 49. Nominal values without production tolerances.
Tray details
Dimensions
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
J
K
L
M
N
O
Unit
7.0
2.5
5.74
1.34
76.0
68.0
56.0
6.75
10.0
62.5
4.2
2.6
3.2
0.48
mm
Number of pockets
x direction
y direction
9
26
SLQ
DDD
The orientation of the IC in a pocket with active side up is indicated by the position of pin 1 with
respect to the chamfer on the upper left corner of the tray.
Fig 50. Die alignment in the tray
PCA8539
Product data sheet
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84 of 95
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x x x xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xx xx xxxxx
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xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxx
NXP Semiconductors
PCA8539
Product data sheet
19. Appendix
19.1 Initialization code example
In this section a code example is given that shows how the initialization of the PCA8539 might look like (see Section 8.2.1).
The actual code may differ depending on the application and its purpose.
//
//
//
//
control byte
Initialize
control byte
OTP refresh
I2CWriteLength = 24;
I2CReadLength = 0;
I2CMasterBuffer[0] = PCA8539_ADDR;
I2CMasterBuffer[1] = 0b10000000;
I2CMasterBuffer[2] = 0x21;
I2CMasterBuffer[3] = 0b10000000;
I2CMasterBuffer[4] = 0x50;
I2CMasterBuffer[5] = 0b11000000;
I2CMasterBuffer[6] = 0x40;
I2CMasterBuffer[7] = 0b11000000;
I2CMasterBuffer[8] = 0x2A;
I2CMasterBuffer[9] = 0b11000000;
I2CMasterBuffer[10] = 0x92;
I2CMasterBuffer[11] = 0b11000000;
I2CMasterBuffer[12] = 0x04;
I2CMasterBuffer[13] = 0b11100000;
I2CMasterBuffer[14] = 0xAC;
I2CMasterBuffer[15] = 0b11100000;
I2CMasterBuffer[16] = 0x9F;
I2CMasterBuffer[17] = 0b11100000;
I2CMasterBuffer[18] = 0x85;
//
//
//
//
//
//
//
//
//
//
//
//
//
//
//
//
//
//
control byte
Enable CLKOUT signal
control byte
Set multiplex mode to 1:18
control byte
Set to frame inversion mode
control byte
set Entry Mode. Display address increments by 1
control byte
set frame frequency to 210 Hz
control byte
Set Display configuration: segment data L to R
control byte
Set MSB Vlcd to 01100
control byte
Set LSB Vlcd to 1111. Vlcd set to 10.2 V
control byte
Enable charge pump and set to 3x
delay_ms(10);
PCA8539
85 of 95
© NXP Semiconductors N.V. 2014. All rights reserved.
PCA8539_ADDR;
0b10000000;
0x01;
0b10000000;
0x02;
100 x 18 Chip-On-Glass automotive LCD dot matrix driver
Rev. 2 — 12 September 2014
All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers.
I2CWriteLength = 5;
I2CReadLength = 0;
I2CMasterBuffer[0] =
I2CMasterBuffer[1] =
I2CMasterBuffer[2] =
I2CMasterBuffer[3] =
I2CMasterBuffer[4] =
I2CEngine();
NXP Semiconductors
PCA8539
Product data sheet
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x x x xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xx xx xxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx x x
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxx
I2CMasterBuffer[19] = 0b11100000;
// control byte
I2CMasterBuffer[20] = 0x05;
// Enable temperature compensation of Vlcd.
I2CMasterBuffer[21] = 0b11000000;
// control byte
I2CMasterBuffer[22] = 0x24;
// Enable display
I2CMasterBuffer[23] = 0b10000000;
// control byte
I2CEngine();
19.2 LCD graphic driver selection
Table 50.
Selection of LCD graphic drivers
Type name
PCA8539DUG 18 100
Multiplex
rates
VDD1 (V)
VDD2 (V)
VLCD (V) ffr (Hz)
1:12, 1:18
2.5 to 5.5 2.5 to 5.5 4 to 16
VLCD (V) VLCD (V)
Tamb (C)
charge temperature
pump
compensat.
45 to 360[1] Y
Interface Package AECQ100
Y
40 to 105 I2C, SPI
bare die
Y
1:12, 1:18
2.5 to 5.5 2.5 to 5.5 4 to 16
45 to
Y
Y
40 to 85
I2C,
bare die
N
PCF8531U
34 128 or
33 128 plus
128 icons
1:17, 1:26,
1:34
1.8 to 5.5 2.5 to 4.5 4 to 9
66
Y
Y
40 to 85
I2C
bare die
N
PCF8811U
80 128 or
79 129 plus
128 icons
1:16 to 1:80 2 to 3.3
in steps of 8
30 to 60[1]
Y
Y
40 to 85
I2C, SPI,
parallel
bare die
N
PCF8539DUG 18 100
[1]
Can be selected by command.
1.8 to 3.3 3 to 9
360[1]
SPI
PCA8539
86 of 95
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Max display
resolution
rows col.
PCA8539
NXP Semiconductors
100 x 18 Chip-On-Glass automotive LCD dot matrix driver
20. Abbreviations
Table 51.
PCA8539
Product data sheet
Abbreviations
Acronym
Description
AEC
Automotive Electronics Council
CRC
Cyclical Redundancy Check
COG
Chip-On-Glass
DC
Direct Current
EMC
ElectroMagnetic Compatibility
ESD
ElectroStatic Discharge
HBM
Human Body Model
I2C
Inter-Integrated Circuit bus
IC
Integrated Circuit
ITO
Indium Tin Oxide
LCD
Liquid Crystal Display
LSB
Least Significant Bit
MOS
Metal-Oxide Semiconductor
MSB
Most Significant Bit
MUX
Multiplexer
NC
Numeric Code
OTP
One Time Programmable
RC
Resistance-Capacitance
RAM
Random Access Memory
RMS
Root Mean Square
SCL
Serial CLock line
SDA
Serial DAta line
SPI
Serial Peripheral Interface
VA
Vertical Alignment
XOR
EXclusive OR operator
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100 x 18 Chip-On-Glass automotive LCD dot matrix driver
21. References
[1]
AN10170 — Design guidelines for COG modules with NXP monochrome LCD
drivers
[2]
AN10439 — Wafer Level Chip Size Package
[3]
AN10706 — Handling bare die
[4]
AN10853 — ESD and EMC sensitivity of IC
[5]
AN11267 — EMC and system level ESD design guidelines for LCD drivers
[6]
IEC 60134 — Rating systems for electronic tubes and valves and analogous
semiconductor devices
[7]
IEC 61340-5 — Protection of electronic devices from electrostatic phenomena
[8]
JESD22-A114 — Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) Sensitivity Testing Human Body
Model (HBM)
[9]
JESD22-C101 — Field-Induced Charged-Device Model Test Method for
Electrostatic-Discharge-Withstand Thresholds of Microelectronic Components
[10] JESD78 — IC Latch-Up Test
[11] JESD625-A — Requirements for Handling Electrostatic-Discharge-Sensitive
(ESDS) Devices
[12] UM10204 — I2C-bus specification and user manual
[13] UM10569 — Store and transport requirements
PCA8539
Product data sheet
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100 x 18 Chip-On-Glass automotive LCD dot matrix driver
22. Revision history
Table 52.
Revision history
Document ID
Release date
Data sheet status
Change notice
Supersedes
PCA8539 v.2
20140912
Product data sheet
-
PCA8539 v.1
Modifications:
PCA8539 v.1
PCA8539
Product data sheet
•
The format of this data sheet has been redesigned to comply with the new identity
guidelines of NXP Semiconductors.
•
•
•
•
•
Legal texts have been adapted to the new company name where appropriate.
Adjusted Figure 42
Changed Figure 26
Added Table 35, Table 36, Table 39, and Table 40
Fixed typos
20131111
Product data sheet
-
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-
© NXP Semiconductors N.V. 2014. All rights reserved.
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NXP Semiconductors
100 x 18 Chip-On-Glass automotive LCD dot matrix driver
23. Legal information
23.1 Data sheet status
Document status[1][2]
Product status[3]
Definition
Objective [short] data sheet
Development
This document contains data from the objective specification for product development.
Preliminary [short] data sheet
Qualification
This document contains data from the preliminary specification.
Product [short] data sheet
Production
This document contains the product specification.
[1]
Please consult the most recently issued document before initiating or completing a design.
[2]
The term ‘short data sheet’ is explained in section “Definitions”.
[3]
The product status of device(s) described in this document may have changed since this document was published and may differ in case of multiple devices. The latest product status
information is available on the Internet at URL http://www.nxp.com.
23.2 Definitions
Draft — The document is a draft version only. The content is still under
internal review and subject to formal approval, which may result in
modifications or additions. NXP Semiconductors does not give any
representations or warranties as to the accuracy or completeness of
information included herein and shall have no liability for the consequences of
use of such information.
Short data sheet — A short data sheet is an extract from a full data sheet
with the same product type number(s) and title. A short data sheet is intended
for quick reference only and should not be relied upon to contain detailed and
full information. For detailed and full information see the relevant full data
sheet, which is available on request via the local NXP Semiconductors sales
office. In case of any inconsistency or conflict with the short data sheet, the
full data sheet shall prevail.
Product specification — The information and data provided in a Product
data sheet shall define the specification of the product as agreed between
NXP Semiconductors and its customer, unless NXP Semiconductors and
customer have explicitly agreed otherwise in writing. In no event however,
shall an agreement be valid in which the NXP Semiconductors product is
deemed to offer functions and qualities beyond those described in the
Product data sheet.
23.3 Disclaimers
Limited warranty and liability — Information in this document is believed to
be accurate and reliable. However, NXP Semiconductors does not give any
representations or warranties, expressed or implied, as to the accuracy or
completeness of such information and shall have no liability for the
consequences of use of such information. NXP Semiconductors takes no
responsibility for the content in this document if provided by an information
source outside of NXP Semiconductors.
In no event shall NXP Semiconductors be liable for any indirect, incidental,
punitive, special or consequential damages (including - without limitation - lost
profits, lost savings, business interruption, costs related to the removal or
replacement of any products or rework charges) whether or not such
damages are based on tort (including negligence), warranty, breach of
contract or any other legal theory.
Notwithstanding any damages that customer might incur for any reason
whatsoever, NXP Semiconductors’ aggregate and cumulative liability towards
customer for the products described herein shall be limited in accordance
with the Terms and conditions of commercial sale of NXP Semiconductors.
Right to make changes — NXP Semiconductors reserves the right to make
changes to information published in this document, including without
limitation specifications and product descriptions, at any time and without
notice. This document supersedes and replaces all information supplied prior
to the publication hereof.
PCA8539
Product data sheet
Suitability for use in automotive applications — This NXP
Semiconductors product has been qualified for use in automotive
applications. Unless otherwise agreed in writing, the product is not designed,
authorized or warranted to be suitable for use in life support, life-critical or
safety-critical systems or equipment, nor in applications where failure or
malfunction of an NXP Semiconductors product can reasonably be expected
to result in personal injury, death or severe property or environmental
damage. NXP Semiconductors and its suppliers accept no liability for
inclusion and/or use of NXP Semiconductors products in such equipment or
applications and therefore such inclusion and/or use is at the customer's own
risk.
Applications — Applications that are described herein for any of these
products are for illustrative purposes only. NXP Semiconductors makes no
representation or warranty that such applications will be suitable for the
specified use without further testing or modification.
Customers are responsible for the design and operation of their applications
and products using NXP Semiconductors products, and NXP Semiconductors
accepts no liability for any assistance with applications or customer product
design. It is customer’s sole responsibility to determine whether the NXP
Semiconductors product is suitable and fit for the customer’s applications and
products planned, as well as for the planned application and use of
customer’s third party customer(s). Customers should provide appropriate
design and operating safeguards to minimize the risks associated with their
applications and products.
NXP Semiconductors does not accept any liability related to any default,
damage, costs or problem which is based on any weakness or default in the
customer’s applications or products, or the application or use by customer’s
third party customer(s). Customer is responsible for doing all necessary
testing for the customer’s applications and products using NXP
Semiconductors products in order to avoid a default of the applications and
the products or of the application or use by customer’s third party
customer(s). NXP does not accept any liability in this respect.
Limiting values — Stress above one or more limiting values (as defined in
the Absolute Maximum Ratings System of IEC 60134) will cause permanent
damage to the device. Limiting values are stress ratings only and (proper)
operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those given in
the Recommended operating conditions section (if present) or the
Characteristics sections of this document is not warranted. Constant or
repeated exposure to limiting values will permanently and irreversibly affect
the quality and reliability of the device.
Terms and conditions of commercial sale — NXP Semiconductors
products are sold subject to the general terms and conditions of commercial
sale, as published at http://www.nxp.com/profile/terms, unless otherwise
agreed in a valid written individual agreement. In case an individual
agreement is concluded only the terms and conditions of the respective
agreement shall apply. NXP Semiconductors hereby expressly objects to
applying the customer’s general terms and conditions with regard to the
purchase of NXP Semiconductors products by customer.
All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers.
Rev. 2 — 12 September 2014
© NXP Semiconductors N.V. 2014. All rights reserved.
90 of 95
PCA8539
NXP Semiconductors
100 x 18 Chip-On-Glass automotive LCD dot matrix driver
No offer to sell or license — Nothing in this document may be interpreted or
construed as an offer to sell products that is open for acceptance or the grant,
conveyance or implication of any license under any copyrights, patents or
other industrial or intellectual property rights.
Export control — This document as well as the item(s) described herein
may be subject to export control regulations. Export might require a prior
authorization from competent authorities.
Translations — A non-English (translated) version of a document is for
reference only. The English version shall prevail in case of any discrepancy
between the translated and English versions.
Bare die — All die are tested on compliance with their related technical
specifications as stated in this data sheet up to the point of wafer sawing and
are handled in accordance with the NXP Semiconductors storage and
transportation conditions. If there are data sheet limits not guaranteed, these
will be separately indicated in the data sheet. There are no post-packing tests
performed on individual die or wafers.
NXP Semiconductors has no control of third party procedures in the sawing,
handling, packing or assembly of the die. Accordingly, NXP Semiconductors
assumes no liability for device functionality or performance of the die or
systems after third party sawing, handling, packing or assembly of the die. It
is the responsibility of the customer to test and qualify their application in
which the die is used.
All die sales are conditioned upon and subject to the customer entering into a
written die sale agreement with NXP Semiconductors through its legal
department.
23.4 Trademarks
Notice: All referenced brands, product names, service names and trademarks
are the property of their respective owners.
I2C-bus — logo is a trademark of NXP Semiconductors N.V.
24. Contact information
For more information, please visit: http://www.nxp.com
For sales office addresses, please send an email to: [email protected]
PCA8539
Product data sheet
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Rev. 2 — 12 September 2014
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91 of 95
PCA8539
NXP Semiconductors
100 x 18 Chip-On-Glass automotive LCD dot matrix driver
25. Tables
Table 1.
Table 2.
Table 3.
Table 4.
Table 5.
Table 6.
Table 7.
Table 8.
Table 9.
Table 10.
Table 11.
Table 12.
Table 13.
Table 14.
Table 15.
Table 16.
Table 17.
Table 18.
Table 19.
Table 20.
Table 21.
Table 22.
Table 23.
Table 24.
Table 25.
Table 26.
Table 27.
Table 28.
Table 29.
Table 30.
Table 31.
Table 32.
Table 33.
Table 34.
Table 35.
Table 36.
Table 37.
Table 38.
Table 39.
Table 40.
Ordering information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3
Ordering options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3
Pin description of PCA8539DUG . . . . . . . . . . . .6
Command execution sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . .8
Commands of PCA8539 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8
Initialize - Initialize command bit description . . .9
Clear_reset_flag - Clear_reset_flag command
bit description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9
OTP_refresh - OTP_refresh command bit
description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10
Clock_out_ctrl - CLK pin input/output switch
command bit description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10
Read_reg_select - select registers for readout
command bit description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10
Read_status_reg - readout register command
bit description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Graphic_mode_cfg - graphic mode command
bit description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12
Sel_mem_bank - RAM access configuration
command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13
Set_mem_addr - memory address command
bit description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13
Read_data - data read bit description . . . . . . .13
Write_data - data write bit description . . . . . . .14
Entry_mode_set - entry mode bit description .15
Inversion_mode - inversion mode command
bit description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15
Frame-frequency - frame frequency select
command bit description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16
Clock and frame frequency values . . . . . . . . .17
Display_control - Display control bit
description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17
Display_config - display configuration bit
description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18
Charge_pump_ctrl - charge pump control
command bit description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19
Set_VLCD - Set-VLCD command bit description19
Temperature_ctrl - temperature measurement
control command bit description . . . . . . . . . . .20
TC_slope - VLCD temperature compensation
slope command bit description . . . . . . . . . . . .21
Reset state of PCA8539 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22
Temperature coefficients. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37
Calculation of the temperature compensating
factor VT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38
Bias levels as a function of multiplex rate . . . .38
Display RAM bitmap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45
Control byte description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .52
I2C slave address byte . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55
R/W-bit description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55
Example: Writing to RAM by I2C-bus . . . . . . . .56
Example: Reading from RAM by I2C-bus . . . .57
Serial interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .59
Subaddress byte definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .60
Example: Writing to RAM by SPI-bus . . . . . . .61
Example: Reading from RAM by SPI-bus . . . .62
PCA8539
Product data sheet
Table 41.
Table 42.
Table 43.
Table 44.
Table 45.
Table 46.
Table 47.
Table 48.
Table 49.
Table 50.
Table 51.
Table 52.
Limiting values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Static characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
General dynamic characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . 73
I2C-bus timing characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
SPI-bus characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Dimensions of PCA8539DUG . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
Bump locations of PCA8539DUG . . . . . . . . . 78
Alignment marking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Specification of 3 inch tray details . . . . . . . . . . 84
Selection of LCD graphic drivers . . . . . . . . . . 86
Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers.
Rev. 2 — 12 September 2014
© NXP Semiconductors N.V. 2014. All rights reserved.
92 of 95
PCA8539
NXP Semiconductors
100 x 18 Chip-On-Glass automotive LCD dot matrix driver
26. Figures
Fig 1.
Fig 2.
Fig 3.
Fig 4.
Fig 5.
Fig 6.
Fig 7.
Fig 8.
Fig 9.
Fig 10.
Fig 11.
Fig 12.
Fig 13.
Fig 14.
Fig 15.
Fig 16.
Fig 17.
Fig 18.
Fig 19.
Fig 20.
Fig 21.
Fig 22.
Fig 23.
Fig 24.
Fig 25.
Fig 26.
Fig 27.
Fig 28.
Fig 29.
Fig 30.
Block diagram of PCA8539 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
Pin configuration for PCA8539DUG. . . . . . . . . . . .5
Illustration of the display configuration bit P. . . . .18
Recommended start-up sequence when using the
internal charge pump and the internal clock
signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23
Recommended start-up sequence when using an
externally supplied VLCD and the internal clock
signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24
Recommended start-up sequence when using the
internal charge pump and an external clock
signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24
Recommended start-up sequence when using an
externally supplied VLCD and an external clock
signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25
Recommended power-down sequence for minimum
power-down current when using the internal charge
pump and the internal clock signal . . . . . . . . . . .26
Recommended power-down sequence when using
an externally supplied VLCD and the internal clock
signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27
Recommended power-down sequence when using
the internal charge pump and an external clock
signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28
Recommended power-down sequence when using
an externally supplied VLCD and an external clock
signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28
PCA8539 connected to a dot-matrix LCD (multiplex
drive mode 1:12) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29
Typical system configuration if using the internal
VLCD generation and I2C-bus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30
Typical system configuration if using the external
VLCD and SPI-bus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30
VLCD generation including temperature
compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32
VLCD programming of PCA8539 (assuming
VT[8:0] = 0h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33
VLCD with respect to Iload at VDD2 = 2.5 V . . . . . .34
VLCD with respect to Iload at VDD2 = 5 V . . . . . . . .34
VLCD with respect to Iload at VDD2 = 5 V . . . . . . . .35
Temperature measurement block with digital
temperature filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36
Temperature measurement delay . . . . . . . . . . . .36
Example of segmented temperature coefficients.37
Electro-optical characteristic: relative transmission
curve of the liquid. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40
Waveforms for the 1:18 multiplex drive mode. 5 bias
levels, character mode, frame inversion mode . .41
Waveforms for the 1:12 multiplex drive mode, 5 bias
levels, character mode, R8 to R15 and R17 open,
frame inversion mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42
RAM access flowchart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43
Logic diagram of the CRC8 generator . . . . . . . . .44
Checksum generation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44
Display RAM organization bitmap . . . . . . . . . . . .50
Control byte format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .52
PCA8539
Product data sheet
Fig 31.
Fig 32.
Fig 33.
Fig 34.
Fig 35.
Fig 36.
Fig 37.
Fig 38.
Fig 39.
Fig 40.
Fig 41.
Fig 42.
Fig 43.
Fig 44.
Fig 45.
Fig 46.
Fig 47.
Fig 48.
Fig 49.
Fig 50.
SDAOUT and SDAIN configuration. . . . . . . . . . . 53
Bit transfer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Definition of START and STOP conditions . . . . . 54
System configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Acknowledgement on the I2C-bus. . . . . . . . . . . . 55
SPI data transfer overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Device protection diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Typical IDD1 with respect to temperature . . . . . . . 69
Typical IDD2 with respect to temperature . . . . . . . 70
Typical IDD(LCD) with respect to temperature . . . . 70
Typical VLCD variation with respect to
temperature. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Typical frame frequency variation with respect to
temperature. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Measurement temperature variation with respect to
temperature. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
Driver timing waveforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
I2C-bus timing diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
SPI-bus timing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Bare die outline of PCA8539DUG. . . . . . . . . . . . 77
Alignment marks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Tray details of PCA8539DUG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Die alignment in the tray . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers.
Rev. 2 — 12 September 2014
© NXP Semiconductors N.V. 2014. All rights reserved.
93 of 95
PCA8539
NXP Semiconductors
100 x 18 Chip-On-Glass automotive LCD dot matrix driver
27. Contents
1
General description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
2
Features and benefits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
3
Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
4
Ordering information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
4.1
Ordering options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
5
Marking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
6
Block diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
7
Pinning information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
7.1
Pinning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
7.2
Pin description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
8
Functional description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
8.1
Commands of PCA8539 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
8.1.1
General control commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
8.1.1.1
Command: Initialize . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
8.1.1.2
Command: Clear_reset_flag. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
8.1.1.3
Command: OTP_refresh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
8.1.1.4
Command: Clock_out_ctrl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
8.1.1.5
Command: Read_reg_select . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
8.1.1.6
Command: Read_status_reg . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
8.1.1.7
Command: Graphic_mode_cfg. . . . . . . . . . . . 12
8.1.1.8
Command: Sel_mem_bank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
8.1.1.9
Command: Set_mem_addr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
8.1.1.10 Command: Read_data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
8.1.1.11 Command: Write_data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
8.1.2
Display control commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
8.1.2.1
Command: Entry_mode_set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
8.1.2.2
Command: Inversion_mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
8.1.2.3
Command: Frame_frequency . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
8.1.2.4
Command: Display_control. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
8.1.2.5
Command: Display_config . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
8.1.3
Charge pump and LCD bias control
commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
8.1.3.1
Command: Charge_pump_ctrl . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
8.1.3.2
Command: Set_VLCD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
8.1.4
Temperature compensation control
commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
8.1.4.1
Command: Temperature_ctrl . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
8.1.4.2
Command: TC_slope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
8.2
Start-up and shut-down. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
8.2.1
Initialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
8.2.2
Reset pin function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
8.2.3
Power-down pin function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
8.2.4
Recommended start-up sequences . . . . . . . . 23
8.2.5
Recommended power-down sequences . . . . 25
8.3
Possible display configurations . . . . . . . . . . . 29
8.4
LCD voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
8.4.1
8.4.2
8.4.3
8.4.3.1
8.4.4
8.4.5
8.4.5.1
8.4.5.2
8.4.5.3
8.4.6
8.4.6.1
8.4.7
8.5
8.5.1
8.5.2
8.5.2.1
8.5.3
8.5.3.1
9
9.1
9.2
9.2.1
9.2.2
9.2.3
9.2.4
9.2.5
9.2.6
9.2.7
9.2.8
9.3
9.3.1
10
11
12
13
14
14.1
14.2
14.3
15
15.1
16
17
18
18.1
VLCD pins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
External VLCD supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Internal VLCD generation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
VLCD programming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
VLCD drive capability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Temperature measurement and temperature
compensation of VLCD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Temperature readout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Temperature adjustment of the VLCD . . . . . . .
Example calculation of Voffset(LCD) . . . . . . . . .
LCD bias voltage generator . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electro-optical performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
LCD drive mode waveforms. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Display RAM and general-purpose RAM . . . .
Checksum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Display RAM and multiplex drive modes . . . .
Display RAM addressing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
General-purpose RAM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
General-purpose RAM addressing . . . . . . . .
Bus interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Control byte and register selection . . . . . . . .
I2C interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Bit transfer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
START and STOP conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . .
System configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Acknowledge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
I2C-bus controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Input filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
I2C-bus slave address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
I2C-bus protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SPI interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SPI-bus data transfer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Internal circuitry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Safety notes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Limiting values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Static characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Dynamic characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
General timing characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . .
I2C-bus timing characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . .
SPI-bus timing characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . .
Test information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Quality information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Bare die outline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Handling information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Packing information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Packing information on the tray . . . . . . . . . . .
31
31
31
31
33
35
35
36
38
38
39
40
43
43
44
51
51
51
52
52
52
53
53
54
54
55
55
55
56
59
60
64
65
66
67
73
73
73
75
76
76
77
82
83
83
continued >>
PCA8539
Product data sheet
All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers.
Rev. 2 — 12 September 2014
© NXP Semiconductors N.V. 2014. All rights reserved.
94 of 95
PCA8539
NXP Semiconductors
100 x 18 Chip-On-Glass automotive LCD dot matrix driver
19
19.1
19.2
20
21
22
23
23.1
23.2
23.3
23.4
24
25
26
27
Appendix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Initialization code example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
LCD graphic driver selection. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Legal information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Data sheet status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Disclaimers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Trademarks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contact information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Figures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
85
85
86
87
88
89
90
90
90
90
91
91
92
93
94
Please be aware that important notices concerning this document and the product(s)
described herein, have been included in section ‘Legal information’.
© NXP Semiconductors N.V. 2014.
All rights reserved.
For more information, please visit: http://www.nxp.com
For sales office addresses, please send an email to: [email protected]
Date of release: 12 September 2014
Document identifier: PCA8539