MICRF113-433 Evaluation Board User Guide

MICRF113
300MHz to 450MHz +10dBm
ASK Transmitter in SOT23
General Description
Features
The MICRF113 is a high-performance, easy-to-use, singlechip ASK Transmitter IC for remote wireless applications in
the 300MHz to 450MHz frequency band. This transmitter
IC is a true “data-in, antenna-out” monolithic device.
MICRF113 has three strong attributes: power delivery,
operating voltage and operating temperature. In terms of
power, the MICRF113 is capable of delivering +10dBm
into a 50Ω load. This power level enables a small form
factor transmitter (lossy antenna) such as a key fob
transmitter to operate near the maximum limit of
transmission regulations. In terms of operating voltage, the
MICRF113 operates from 1.8V to 3.6V. Many transmitter
ICs in the same frequency band stop operating below
2.0V. The MICRF113 will work with most batteries to the
end of their useful limits. In terms of operating
temperature, the MICRF113 operates from −40°C to
+85°C.
The MICRF113 is easy to use. It requires a reference
frequency (RF carrier frequency divided by 32 times)
generated from a crystal with a few additional external
parts to create a complete versatile transmitter.
The MICRF113 operates with Amplitude Shift Keying/OnOff Keyed (ASK/OOK) UHF receiver types from wide-band
super-regenerative
radios
to
narrow-band,
highperformance
super-heterodyne
receivers.
The
MICRF113’s maximum ASK bit rate is 20kbps (minimum
pulse width of 50µs at ASK pin).
The MICRF113 transmitter solution is ideal for industrial
and consumer applications where simplicity and form
factor are important.
Data sheets and support documentation can be found on
Micrel’s web site at: www.micrel.com.
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Complete UHF ASK transmitter
Frequency range 300MHz to 450MHz
Bit rates up to 20kbps
Output power up to 10dBm
Low external part count
Low voltage operation (down to 1.8V)
Operate with crystals or ceramic resonators
6-pin SOT23
Applications
•
•
•
•
•
Fan Controllers
Remote Power Switches
Multimedia Remote Control
Remote Sensor Data Links
Infrared Transmitter Replacement
Ordering Information
Part Number
Temperature Range
Package
MICRF113YM6
−40°C to +85°C
SOT23-6
QwikRadio is a registered trademark of Micrel, Inc.
Micrel Inc. • 2180 Fortune Drive • San Jose, CA 95131 • USA • tel +1 (408) 944-0800 • fax + 1 (408) 474-1000 • http://www.micrel.com
November 2010
M9999-112310
Micrel, Inc.
MICRF113
Typical Application
Figure 1. Typical Application Circuit for 433.92MHz and 315MHz
(component values for 315MHz in parenthesis)
Pin Configuration
Pin Description
Pin Number
MSOP-6
Pin Name
1
PAOUT
2
VSS
Ground
3
VDD
Positive Power Supply Voltage (Input)
4
XTLOUT
5
XTLIN
6
ASK
November 2010
Pin Function
PA output
Crystal Out (Output): Reference Oscillator Output Connection.
Crystal In (Input): Reference Oscillator Input Connection.
ASK DATA Input
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MICRF113
Absolute Maximum Ratings(1)
Operating Ratings(2)
Supply Voltage VDD .....................................................+5.0V
Voltage on PAOUT ........................................................+7.2V
Voltage on I/O Pins ............................ VSS – 0.3 to VDD + 0.3
Storage Temperature Range ...................−65°C to + 150°C
Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s)......................... + 300°C
ESD Rating(3) .................................................................. 2kV
Supply Voltage VDD .......................................... 1.8V to 3.6V
Ambient Operating Temperature (TA) ......... –40°C to +85°C
Transmitter Frequency Range ............. 300MHz to 450MHz
Electrical Characteristics(4)
VDD = 3.0V, TA = 25°C, FreqREFOSC = 13.560MHz. Bold values indicate –40°C to 85°C unless otherwise noted. 2kbps bit rate, 50Ω load.
Parameter
Condition
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Units
Power Supply
Mark Supply Current IMARK,
@ 315MHz, POUT = +10dBm
12.3
VASK = 3.0V
@ 433.92MHz, POUT = +10dBm
12.5
SPACE Supply Current, ISPACE,
@ 315MHz
2
VASK = 0V
@ 433.92 MHz
2
@315MHz(4)
10
mA
mA
RF Output Section and Modulation Limits
Output Power Level, POUT ASK "mark"
Harmonics Output for 315MHz
Harmonics Output for 433.92MHz
@433.92MHz
(4)
@ 630MHz(4) 2nd harm.
−39
(4)
−53
@945MHz
3rd harm.
@ 867.84MHz(4) 2nd harm.
@1301.76MHz
(4)
dBm
10
3rd harm.
dBc
−55
dBc
−55
Extinction Ratio for ASK
70
dBc
ASK Modulation
Encoded Bit Rate
Occupied Bandwidth
20
@315MHz
(6)
@433.92MHz
<700
(6)
<1000
kbps
kHz
VCO Section
315MHz Single-Side Band Phase Noise
433.92MHz Single-Side Band Phase Noise
@ 100kHz from Carrier
−76
@ 1000kHz from Carrier
−79
@ 100kHz from Carrier
−72
@ 1000kHz from Carrier
−81
dBc/Hz
dBc/Hz
Notes:
1.
Exceeding the absolute maximum rating may damage the device.
2.
The device is not guaranteed to function outside its operating rating.
3.
Devices are ESD sensitive. Handling precautions recommended. Human body model, 1.5k in series with 100pF.
4.
Measured using Test Circuit in Figure 2.
5.
Dependent on crystal
6.
RBW = 100kHz, OBW measured at −20dBc.
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Electrical Characteristics(4) (Continued)
VDD = 3.0V, TA = 25°C, FreqREFOSC = 13.560MHz. Bold values indicate –40°C to 85°C unless otherwise noted. 2kbps bit rate, 50Ω load.
Parameter
Condition
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Units
Reference Oscillator Section
XTLIN, XTLOUT
Pin capacitance
2
pF
External Capacitance
From each side of the crystal to
GND
18
pF
Oscillator Startup Time(5)
Crystal: HC49S
300
µs
VDD transition from LOW to HIGH
500
µs
Digital / Control Section
Output Blanking
Digital Input ASK Pin
Digital Input Leakage Current ASK Pin
0.8 × VDD
High (VIH)
Low (VIL)
0.2 × VDD
High (VIH)
0.05
Low (VIL)
0.05
Undervoltage Lock Out (UVLO)
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1.6
4
V
µA
V
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Micrel, Inc.
MICRF113
Test Circuit
Figure 2. MICRF113 Test Circuit with 50Ω Output
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Typical Characteristics − MICRF113 50Ω Test Board
315MHz OBW, ASK = 2kbps
315MHz OBW, ASK = 20kbps
CW Max Power @ 3V, 315MHz(1)
RF Spectrum 2nd Harmonic; Fundamental at 315MHz
RF Spectrum 3rd Harmonic; Fundamental at 315MHz
315MHz, Power Level at Space,
VDD = 3.0V, ASK = 2kbps, −62dBm
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Typical Characteristics − MICRF113 50Ω Test Board (Continued)
315MHz, Zero Span , ASK = 2kbps
315MHz, Zero Span, ASK = 20kbps
315MHz, Phase Noise, ASK = 2kbps,
100kHz Offset, –75.59dBc/Hz
315MHz, Phase Noise, ASK = 2kbps,
1MHz Offset, –78.99dBc/Hz
315MHz, Phase Noise, ASK = CW,
100kHz Offset, –70.96dBc/Hz
315MHz, Phase Noise, ASK = CW,
1MHz Offset, –76.72dBc/Hz
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Typical Characteristics − MICRF113 50Ω Test Board (Continued)
433.92MHz OBW, ASK = 2kbps
433.92MHz OBW, ASK = 20kbps
433.92MHz, CW Max Power @ 3V, ASK = 2kbps(1)
nd
RF Spectrum 2
RF Spectrum 3rd Harmonic; Fundamental at 433.92MHz
November 2010
Harmonic; Fundamental at 433.92MHz
433.92MHz Power Level at Space,
VDD = 3.0V, ASK = 2kbps, -52dBm
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MICRF113
Typical Characteristics − MICRF113 50Ω Test Board (Continued)
433.92MHz Zero Span, 2kbps
433.92ASK Zero Span at 20kbps
433.92MHz Phase Noise, ASK = CW,
100kHz Offset, −81.73dBc/Hz
433.92MHz Phase Noise, ASK = CW,
1MHz Offset, –78.49dBc/Hz
433.92MHz Phase Noise, ASK = 2kbps,
100kHz Offset, –71.64dBc/Hz
433.92MHz Phase Noise, ASK = 2kbps,
1MHz Offset, –79.4dBc/Hz
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Functional Diagram
Figure 3. MICRF113 Functional Block Diagram
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MICRF113
When the ESR of crystal is at 300Ω, the crystal
parameter limits are:
Functional Description
Figure 3 is a functional block diagram of the MICRF113
transmitter. The MICRF113 is best described as a phase
locked transmitter. The MICRF113 system is partitioned
into five functional blocks:
•
Crystal oscillator
•
PLL×32
•
Power amplifier
•
Enable control
•
Undervoltage detection
ESR 20Ω
Cpar 2 to 10pF
•
Cmo 10 to 40fF
300Ω
CPAR
2 to 5pF
•
CMO
10 to 40fF
•
CLOAD 10 to 30pF
Power Amplifier
The power amplifier serves two purposes: 1) to buffer
the VCO from external elements and 2) to amplify the
phase locked signal. The power amplifier can produce
+10dBm at 3V (typical).
Crystal Oscillator Parameters for ASK Operation
Figure 4 shows a reference oscillator circuit
configuration for ASK operation. The reference oscillator
is capable of driving crystals with ESR range from 20Ω
to 300Ω.
When the ESR of crystal is at 20Ω, the crystal parameter
limits are:
•
ESR
•
PLL ×32
The function of PLL×32 is to provide a stable carrier
frequency for transmission. It is a “divide by 32” phase
locked loop oscillator.
Crystal Oscillator
The reference oscillator is crystal-based Pierce
configuration, designed to accept crystals with frequency
from 9.375MHz to 14.0625MHz.
•
•
Enable Control
Enable control gates the ASK data. It only allows
transmission when Lock, Amplitude and Under Voltage
Detect conditions are valid.
Undervoltage Detect
“Undervoltage detect” block senses operating voltage. If
the operating voltage falls below 1.6V, “undervoltage
detect” block will send a signal to “enable control” block
to disable the PA.
CRYSTAL MODEL
XTLOUT
ESR
CMO
CLOAD
VSS
CPAR
CLOAD
XTLIN
MICRF113 ASK
Figure 4. Reference Oscillator ASK Operation
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MICRF113
Application Information
50Ω Test Board, VDD = 3.0V
R7 (Ω)
The MICRF113 is well suited to drive a 50Ω load,
monopole or a loop antenna. Figure 6 is an example of a
loop antenna configuration. Figure 6 also shows both
315MHz and 433.92MHz ASK configurations for a loop
antenna. Besides using a different crystal, Table 1 lists
modified values needed for the listed frequencies.
Frequency
(MHz)
L1
(nH)
C5
(pF)
L4
(nH)
C7
(pF)
Y1 (MHz)
315.0
470
10
150
6.8
9.84375
433.92
820
12
68
4.7
13.5600
Output Power (dBm)
IDD (mA)
0
10
12.3
75
8.5
11
100
8.0
10.5
500
3.0
7.3
1000
-2.0
5.9
Table 2. Output Power vs. External Resistor @ 315MHz
50Ω Test Board, VDD = 3.0V
Table 1. Modified Values for Listed Frequencies
The reference design shown in Figure 6 has an antenna
optimized for using the matching network as described in
Table 1.
Power Amplitude Control Using External Resistor
R7 is used to adjust the RF amplitude output levels
which may be needed to meet compliance regulation. As
an example, the following tables list typical values of
conducted RF output levels and corresponding R7
resistor values for the 50Ω test board, as shown in
Figure 2. R7 of the TX113-1C Demo board using the
loop antenna can be adjusted for the appropriate
radiated field allowed by FCC or ETSI compliance.
Contact Micrel for suggested R7 values to meet FCC
and ETSI compliances.
November 2010
R7 (Ω)
Output Power (dBm)
IDD (mA)
0
9.8
12.5
75
8.9
12
100
8.6
11.8
500
2.0
8.9
1000
−3.0
7.3
Table 3. Output Power vs. External Resistor @ 433.92MHz
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MICRF113
Notes:
1.
Components labeled NP are not placed.
2.
Values in parenthesis apply only to 315MHz option.
3.
Value of R7 is selected to vary the output power.
Figure 6. ASK 433.92MHz and 315MHz
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MICRF113
Output Power ON-OFF Control
There are two ways to enable the PA output power.
First, by supplying the ASK signal with VDD applied
continuously, resulting in a Mark and Space RF output
condition. A second method involves applying both VDD
and ASK synchronously. The second method allows for
longer battery usage since the battery is disconnected
during non-activation. Figure 7 shows the RF output time
response since VDD and the ASK are applied to the
MICRF113. The RF output response, as a function of
VDD, is typically less then 1.25mSec. This measurement
was done using the circuitry shown in Figure 2.
Note: The ASK signal should never be applied before
VDD.
Output Matching Network
Part of the function of the output network is to attenuate
the second and third harmonics. When matching to a
transmit frequency, care must be taken both to optimize
for maximum output power, and to attenuate unwanted
harmonics.
Layout Issues
PCB Layout is a primary concern for achieving optimum
performance and consistent manufacturing results. Care
must used with the orientation of components to ensure
that they do not couple or decouple the RF signal. PCB
trace length should be short to minimize parasitic
inductance (1 inch ~ 20nH). For example, depending
upon inductance values, a 0.5 inch trace can change the
inductance by as much as 10%. To reduce parasitic
inductance, the practice of using wide traces and a
ground plane under the signal traces is recommended.
Vias with low value inductance should be used for
components requiring a connection-to-ground.
Antenna Layout
Directivity is affected by antenna trace layout. No ground
plane should be under the antenna trace. For consistent
performance, components should not be placed inside
the loop of the antenna. Gerber formats (see Figure 8,
for a suggested layout) can be obtained from the Micrel
web site at: http://www.micrel.com.
Figure 7. RF Output Response (VDD and ASK)
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MICRF113
Assembly Drawing
Top Layer
Bottom Layer
Figure 8. PCB Demo Board
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MICRF113
Functional Description
Pin
Figure 8 shows the TX113-1c Demo Board PCB layout
and assembly (Gerber format). Figure 9 is a detailed
schematic of the TX113-1c. Note that components
labeled as NP (not placed) can be used to obtain
different configurations. Table 4 describes each header
pin connector used in the demo board.
Function
Name
Functional Description
J1-1
VDD
1.8V to 3.6V input voltage
J1-2
VSS
Ground
J1-3
ASK
Modulating Data Input
J2-1
REF-OSC
External Reference Oscillator Input
J2-2
VSS
Ground
Table 4. Demo Board Pin Names and Descriptions
Notes:
1.
NP = Not Placed
2.
Values in parenthesis apply only to 315MHz option.
3.
R7 is selected to vary output power
Figure 9. TX113-1c Demo Board Schematic
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MICRF113
Bill of Materials (433.92MHz)
Item
C1
C2
C5
Part Number
GRM21BR60J106K
GRM1885C1H101J
GRM1885C1H120J
C6, C11, C16
C7
C10
GQM1875C2E4R7C
GRM188R61C104K
C13, C14
GRM1885C1H180J
J1
TSHR-114-S-02-A-GT
L1
0805CS-471XJB
L4
0603CS-068NXJB
L5
ANTENNA LOOP (Part of PCB)
R2
CRCW0603100KFKEA
Manufacturer
Description
Qty.
(1)
10µF ±10%, 0805 capacitor
1
(1)
100pF ±5%, 0603 capacitor
1
(1)
12pF ±5%, 0603 capacitor
1
(1)
Murata
(NP)
3
Murata(1)
Murata
Murata
Murata
4.7pF ±0.25pF, 0603 capacitor
1
(1)
0.1µF ±10%, 0603 capacitor
1
(1)
18pF ±5%, 0603 capacitor
2
Murata
Murata
3-pin header
1
(2)
470nH ±5%, 0805 wire-wound inductor
1
(2)
68nH ±5%, 0603 wire-wound inductor
1
PCB ANTENNA
1
(3)
100kΩ ±5%, 0603 resistor
1
(3)
Coilcraft
Coilcraft
Vishay
R7
CRC06030000Z0EA
Vishay
0Ω ±5%, 0603 resistor
1
Y1
SA-13.5600-F-10-J-30-30-x
Hosonic
Industrial
Brazil(4)
13.560MHZ ±30ppm crystal
1
U1
MICRF113YM6
300MHz to 450MHz +10dBm ASK
Transmitter in SOT23
1
Micrel, Inc.(5)
Notes:
1. Murata Tel: www.murata.com.
2. Coilcraft.: www.coilcraft.com.
3. Vishay Tel: www.vishay.com.
4. Hosonic Industrial Brazil: www.hib.com.br
5. Micrel, Inc.: www.micrel.com.
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MICRF113
Bill of Materials (315MHz)
Item
C1
C2
C5
Part Number
GRM21BR60J106K
GRM1885C1H101J
GRM1885C1H120J
C6, C11, C16
C7
C10
GQM1875C2E4R7C
GRM188R61C104K
C13, C14
GRM1885C1H180J
J1, J2
TSHR-114-S-02-A-GT
L1
0805CS-471XJB
L4
0603CS-R15XJB
L5
ANTENNA LOOP (Part of PCB)
R2
CRCW0603100KFKEA
Manufacturer
Description
Qty.
(1)
10µF ±10%, 0805 capacitor
1
(1)
100pF ±5%, 0603 capacitor
1
(1)
10pF ±5%, 0603 capacitor
1
(1)
Murata
(NP)
3
Murata(1)
Murata
Murata
Murata
6.8pF ±0.25pF, 0603 capacitor
1
(1)
0.1µF ±10%, 0603 capacitor
1
(1)
18pF ±5%, 0603 capacitor
2
Murata
Murata
3-pin header
1
Coilcraft
(2)
470nH ±5%, 0805 wire-wound inductor
1
Coilcraft
(2)
150nH ±5%, 0603 wire-wound inductor
1
PCB ANTENNA
1
(3)
100kΩ ±5%, 0603 resistor
1
(3)
Vishay
R7
CRC06030000Z0EA
Vishay
0Ω ±5%, 0603 resistor
1
Y1
SA-9.84375-F-10- J-30-30-x
Hosonic
Industrial
Brazil(4)
9.84375MHZ ±30ppm crystal
1
U1
MICRF113YM6
300MHz to 450MHz +10dBm ASK
Transmitter in SOT23
1
Micrel, Inc.(5)
Notes:
1. Murata Tel: www.murata.com
2. Coilcraft.: www.coilcraft.com.
3. Vishay Tel: www.vishay.com.
4. Hosonic Industrial Brazil: www.hib.com.br
5. Micrel, Inc.: www.micrel.com.
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MICRF113
PCB Layout Recommendations (50Ω Test Board)
Assembly Drawing
Top Layer
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MICRF113
PCB Layout Recommendations (50Ω Test Board)
Bottom Layer
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MICRF113
Package Information
Notes:
1.
Dimensions and tolerances are in accordance with ANSI Y14.5M, 1982.
2.
Package surface to be mirror finish.
3.
Die is facing up for mold. Die is facing down for trim/form, that is, reverse trim/form.
4.
The foot-length measuring is based on the gauge plane method.
5 Dimensions are exclusive of mold flash and gate burr.
6-Pin SOT (YM6)
MICREL, INC. 2180 FORTUNE DRIVE SAN JOSE, CA 95131 USA
TEL +1 (408) 944-0800 FAX +1 (408) 474-1000 WEB http://www.micrel.com
Micrel makes no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the information furnished in this data sheet. This
information is not intended as a warranty and Micrel does not assume responsibility for its use. Micrel reserves the right to change circuitry,
specifications and descriptions at any time without notice. No license, whether express, implied, arising by estoppel or otherwise, to any intellectual
property rights is granted by this document. Except as provided in Micrel’s terms and conditions of sale for such products, Micrel assumes no liability
whatsoever, and Micrel disclaims any express or implied warranty relating to the sale and/or use of Micrel products including liability or warranties
relating to fitness for a particular purpose, merchantability, or infringement of any patent, copyright or other intellectual property right
Micrel Products are not designed or authorized for use as components in life support appliances, devices or systems where malfunction of a product
can reasonably be expected to result in personal injury. Life support devices or systems are devices or systems that (a) are intended for surgical implant
into the body or (b) support or sustain life, and whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to result in a significant injury to the user. A
Purchaser’s use or sale of Micrel Products for use in life support appliances, devices or systems is a Purchaser’s own risk and Purchaser agrees to fully
indemnify Micrel for any damages resulting from such use or sale.
© 2008 Micrel, Incorporated.
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