LT3668 40V 400mA Step-Down Switching Regulator with Dual Fault Protected Tracking LDOs DESCRIPTION FEATURES Dual Low Dropout Linear Tracking Regulators nn 200mA Outputs with Programmable Current Limits nn 1.6V to 45V Input Range nn Fault Protected to ±45V nn Triple Output Supply from a Single Input Requires Only One Inductor nn I = 50μA at 12V to 6V and 5V with No Load Q IN nn Buck Regulator: ® nn Low Ripple (<15mV P-P) Burst Mode Operation nn 400mA Output with Internal Power Switch nn 4.3V to 40V Input Operation Range (60V Max) nn Adjustable 250kHz to 2.2MHz Switching Frequency nn Power Good Indicator nn Available in a Thermally-Enhanced 16-Lead MSOP Package nn APPLICATIONS Fault-Protected Sensor Supply Automotive and Industrial Supplies nn Power for Portable Instrumentation nn nn L, LT, LTC, LTM, Burst Mode, Linear Technology and the Linear logo are registered trademarks of Linear Technology Corporation. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. The LT®3668 is a monolithic triple power supply composed of a 400mA buck switching regulator and two 200mA low dropout linear tracking regulators (LDOs).This provides a complete and robust power solution for applications that require the power supply of a sensor to tightly track the power supply of a measurement ASIC. Each tracking LDO supplies 200mA of output current with a typical dropout voltage of 340mV, and each LDO has an accurate resistor programmable current limit. Internal protection circuitry includes reverse-battery protection, current limiting, thermal limiting and reverse current protection. The buck regulator includes a high efficiency switch, a boost diode, and the necessary oscillator, control and logic circuitry. Current mode topology is used for fast transient response and good loop stability. Low ripple Burst Mode operation maintains high efficiency at low output currents while keeping output ripple below 15mV in a typical application. The LT3668 is available in a thermally-enhanced 16-lead MSOP package with exposed pad for low thermal resistance. TYPICAL APPLICATION No-Load Supply Current 4.7µF IN1 BOOST SW EN PG RT DA IN3/BD IN2 FB1 100 0.22µF 27µH 232k ON OFF f = 600kHz 5V 150mA (FOLLOWS OUT3) 174k 22pF 931k 294k OUT2 10µF LT3668 6V 100mA 22µF ADJ2 ADJ3 OUT3 10µF EN2/ILIM2 GND EN3/ILIM3 5V 150mA 3668 TA01a 90 80 SUPPLY CURRENT (µA) VIN 7V TO 40V TRANSIENT TO 60V 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 5 10 25 20 15 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) 30 35 3668 TA01b 3668fa For more information www.linear.com/LT3668 1 LT3668 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS PIN CONFIGURATION (Notes 1, 2) ADJ2, ADJ3 Voltage.................................................±45V OUT2, OUT3 Voltage................................................±45V IN2 Voltage..............................................................±45V OUT2 – IN2 Differential Voltage...............................±45V OUT3 – IN3/BD Differential Voltage.........................±45V OUT2 – ADJ2 Differential Voltage............................±45V OUT3 – ADJ3 Differential Voltage............................±45V IN1, EN Voltage (Note 3)............................................60V IN1 Reverse Voltage................................................–0.3V EN Pin Current........................................................–1mA IN3/BD Voltage..........................................................30V BOOST Pin Voltage....................................................50V BOOST Pin Above SW Pin..........................................30V RT Voltage...................................................................2V FB1 Voltage..................................................................6V EN2/ILIM2, EN3/ILIM3 Voltage....................................4V PG Voltage.................................................................30V Operating Junction Temperature Range (Notes 4, 5) E-, I-Grade.......................................... −40°C to 125°C H-Grade.............................................. −40°C to 150°C Storage Temperature Range................... −65°C to 150°C Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10 sec).................... 300°C TOP VIEW SW BOOST EN RT IN3/BD OUT3 ADJ3 FB1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 17 GND 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 DA IN1 PG EN3/ILIM3 EN2/ILIM2 IN2 OUT2 ADJ2 MSE PACKAGE 16-LEAD PLASTIC MSOP θJA = 40°C/W EXPOSED PAD (PIN 17) IS GND, MUST BE SOLDERED TO PCB ORDER INFORMATION LEAD FREE FINISH TAPE AND REEL PART MARKING PACKAGE DESCRIPTION TEMPERATURE RANGE LT3668EMSE#PBF LT3668EMSE#TRPBF 3668 16-Lead Plastic MSOP –40°C to 125°C LT3668IMSE#PBF LT3668IMSE#TRPBF 3668 16-Lead Plastic MSOP –40°C to 125°C LT3668HMSE#PBF LT3668HMSE#TRPBF 3668 16-Lead Plastic MSOP –40°C to 150°C Consult LTC Marketing for parts specified with wider operating temperature ranges. *The temperature grade is identified by a label on the shipping container. Consult LTC Marketing for information on non-standard lead based finish parts. For more information on lead free part marking, go to: http://www.linear.com/leadfree/ For more information on tape and reel specifications, go to: http://www.linear.com/tapeandreel/ 2 3668fa For more information www.linear.com/LT3668 LT3668 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS The l denotes the specifications which apply over the full operating temperature range, otherwise specifications are at TA = 25°C. VIN1 = 12V unless otherwise noted. (Note 4) PARAMETER CONDITIONS VIN1 Undervoltage Lockout (Note 6) VIN2 = 0V, VIN3/BD = 0V MIN l VIN1 Overvoltage Lockout MAX 4 4.3 UNITS V V 42 44 l 4 4.3 V 1 30 µA µA l 40 TYP VIN2 Undervoltage Lockout (Note 6) VIN1 = 3.5V, VIN3/BD = 0V Quiescent Current from IN1 VEN = 0.3V VEN = 12V, VIN2 = 0V, Not Switching l 0.01 13 Quiescent Current from IN2 VEN = 0.3V VEN = 12V, VIN1 = 0V, VIN2 = 5V l 0.01 38 1 80 µA µA VEN = 0.3V, VIN2 = 5V VEN = 12V, VIN2 = 5V, Not Switching l 0.01 40 1 90 µA µA VEN = 0.3V, VIN3/BD = 5V VEN = 12V, VIN3/BD = 5V l 0.01 25 1 60 µA µA Quiescent Current from IN1 + IN2 Quiescent Current from IN3/BD EN Pin Current VEN = 12V 0.6 EN Input Threshold 2 µA 1.1 V 0.1 1 µA 0.2 0.3 V 90 110 92 112 % % 0.3 Power Good Pin PG Leakage Current VPG = 5V Output Voltage Low IPG = 40µA Threshold as % of VFB1 Pin Voltage Falling Pin Voltage Rising PG Threshold Hysteresis Measured at FB1 Pin l 88 108 30 mV Switching Regulator Switching Frequency RT = 37.4k RT = 102k RT = 487k l l l Minimum Switch Off-Time 1.8 0.8 220 l Switch Current Limit (Note 7) 5% Duty Cycle, VIN = 5V, VFB1 = 0V 90% Duty Cycle, VIN = 5V, VFB1 = 0V Switch VCESAT ISW = 200mA l l 600 450 2.0 0.94 243 2.1 1.1 300 120 190 ns 750 550 950 800 mA mA 300 DA Pin Current to Stop Switching l 420 650 2 Switch Leakage Current VSW = 0V 0.05 IBOOSTDIODE = 50mA, VIN = NC, VBOOST = 0V 900 Boost Schottky Diode Reverse Leakage VREVERSE = 12V, VIN = NC Minimum Boost Voltage (Note 8) BOOST Pin Current l ISW = 200mA, VBOOST = 15V Feedback Voltage (FB1) l FB1 Pin Bias Current Pin Voltage = 1.2V Reference Voltage Line Regulation 4.2V < VIN1 < 40V 1.188 1.176 l mV 500 Boost Schottky Diode Forward Voltage MHz MHz kHz mA µA mV 0.04 4 µA 1.7 2.5 V 10 16 mA 1.2 1.2 1.212 1.224 V mV 0.1 20 nA 0.001 0.005 %/V 1.6 Each LDO Regulator Minimum Input Voltage ILOAD = 200mA Tracking Error VOUT2/3-VADJ2/3 2.2 V l 1.1 10 V l Output Voltage Range 1.1V ≤ VADJ2/3 ≤ 5V, ILOAD = 1mA 5V < VADJ2/3 ≤ 10V, ILOAD = 1mA –40°C to 125°C –40°C to 125°C l l –6 –20 6 50 mV mV 1.1V ≤ VADJ2/3 ≤ 5V, ILOAD = 1mA 5V < VADJ2/3 ≤ 10V, ILOAD = 1mA –40°C to 150°C –40°C to 150°C l l –6 –20 15 80 mV mV 3668fa For more information www.linear.com/LT3668 3 LT3668 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS The l denotes the specifications which apply over the full operating temperature range, otherwise specifications are at TA = 25°C. VIN1 = 12V unless otherwise noted. (Note 4) PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN Dropout Voltage (Notes 9, 10), VIN = VOUT(NOMINAL) ILOAD = 1mA ILOAD = 1mA l ILOAD = 50mA ILOAD = 50mA l ILOAD = 100mA ILOAD = 100mA l ILOAD = 200mA ILOAD = 200mA l GND Pin Current, VIN = VOUT(NOMINAL) + 0.6V (Notes 10, 11) ILOAD = 0mA ILOAD = 50mA ILOAD = 200mA l l l Quiescent Current IIN2 with LDO2 Disabled Quiescent Current IIN3/BD with LDO3 Disabled VIN1 = 0V, VIN2 = 12V, VEN2/ILIM2 = 2V VIN1 = 16V, VIN3/BD = 12V, VEN3/ILIM3 = 2V ADJ2 Pin Bias Current (Note 10) ADJ3 Pin Bias Current (Note 10) l VADJ2 ≤10V, VADJ2 ≤ VIN2 – 0.6V, VOUT2 ≤ VIN2 – 0.6V VADJ3 ≤10V, VADJ3 ≤ VIN3/BD – 0.6V, VOUT3 ≤ VIN3/BD – 0.6V l Ripple Rejection VIN – VOUT = 2V (Avg), VRIPPLE = 0.5VP-P, fRIPPLE = 120Hz, ILOAD =200mA Reverse Output Current (Note 12) VOUT2 = 1.2V, VIN1 = VIN2 = VIN3/BD = 0V VOUT3 = 1.2V, VIN1 = VIN2 = VIN3/BD = 0V Input Reverse Leakage Current LDO2 VIN2 = –45V, VIN1 = VIN3/BD = VOUT2 = 0V Internal Current Limit VIN2 = 2.2V, VOUT2 = 0V, EN2/ILIM2 Pin Grounded ∆VOUT2 = –5% 60 4 70 165 210 mV mV 230 300 400 mV mV 280 400 450 mV mV 340 650 750 mV mV 40 1 5 90 2 10 µA mA mA 13 1.2 20 2 µA µA 800 800 nA nA 85 dB 40 40 300 l 220 REN/ILIM = 31.6k, VOUT2/3 = 5V, VIN2/3 ≥ 5.6V REN/ILIM = 6.19k, VOUT2/3 = 5V, VIN2/3 ≥ 5.6V REN/ILIM = 6.19k, VOUT2/3 = 5V, 5.6V ≤ VIN2/3 ≤ 15V REN/ILIM = 1.54k, VOUT2/3 = 5V, 5.6V ≤ VIN2/3 ≤ 15V l l l l 9.5 47 48.45 176 0.3 µA µA µA 300 mA 300 mA 220 ∆VOUT3 = –5% Note 1: Stresses beyond those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. Exposure to any Absolute Maximum Rating condition for extended periods may affect device reliability and lifetime. Note 2: Positive currents flow into pins, negative currents flow out of pins. Minimum and maximum values refer to absolute values. Note 3: Absolute maximum voltage at the IN1 and EN pins is 60V for nonrepetitive 1 second transients, and 40V for continuous operation. Note 4: The LT3668E is guaranteed to meet performance specifications from 0°C to 125°C junction temperature. Specifications over the −40°C to 125°C operating junction temperature range are assured by design, characterization and correlation with statistical process controls. The LT3668I is guaranteed over the full −40°C to 125°C operating junction temperature range. The LT3668H is guaranteed over the full −40°C to 150°C operating junction temperature range. Note 5: This IC includes overtemperature protection that is intended to protect the device during momentary overload conditions. Junction temperature will exceed the maximum operating junction temperature when overtemperature protection is active. Continuous operation above the specified maximum operating junction temperature may impair device reliability. UNITS l l LDO EN/ILIM Disable Threshold MAX 5 5 VIN3/BD = 2.2V, VOUT3 = 0V, EN3/ILIM3 Pin Grounded Externally Programmed Current Limit TYP mA mA 10 51 51 197 10.5 55 53.55 230 1.2 mA mA mA mA V Note 6: This is the voltage necessary to keep the internal bias circuitry in regulation. Note 7: Current limit guaranteed by design and/or correlation to static test. Slope compensation reduces current limit at higher duty cycles. Note 8: This is the minimum voltage across the boost capacitor needed to guarantee full saturation of the switch. Note 9: Dropout voltage is the minimum input-to-output voltage differential needed for an LDO to maintain regulation at a specified output current. When an LDO is in dropout, its output voltage will be equal to VIN – VDROP. Note 10: The LT3668 is tested and specified for these conditions with VADJ2/3 = 5V. Note 11: GND pin current is tested with VIN = VOUT(NOMINAL) + 0.6V and a current source load. GND pin current increases in dropout. Note 12: Reverse output current is tested with the IN2 (IN3/BD) pin grounded and the OUT2 (OUT3) pin forced to the rated output voltage. This current flows into the OUT2 (OUT3) pin and out of the GND pin. 3668fa For more information www.linear.com/LT3668 LT3668 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS Efficiency, VOUT1 = 3.3V Efficiency, VOUT1 = 6V VFB1 vs Temperature 100 80 90 VIN1 = 12V 70 EFFICIENCY (%) VIN1 = 36V 50 40 30 FRONT PAGE APPLICATION BUCK REGULATOR ONLY VOUT1 = 3.3V L: MSS7341-223MLB 20 10 0 0.01 0.1 1 10 LOAD CURRENT (mA) VIN1 = 24V 80 VIN1 = 24V 60 1.30 1.25 70 60 VIN1 = 36V 50 40 30 10 0 0.01 0.1 1 10 LOAD CURRENT (mA) 1.20 1.15 FRONT PAGE APPLICATION BUCK REGULATOR ONLY VOUT1 = 6V L: MSS7341-273MLB 20 100 VIN1 = 12V VFB1 (V) 90 EFFICIENCY (%) TA = 25°C, unless otherwise noted. 1.10 –50 –25 100 3668 G02 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 TEMPERATURE (°C) 3668 G03 3668 G01 No-Load Supply Current No-Load Supply Current FRONT PAGE APPLICATION CATCH DIODE: CMMSH1-60 FRONT PAGE APPLICATION 90 SUPPLY CURRENT (A) 80 SUPPLY CURRENT (µA) Maximum Load Current 700 70 60 50 40 INCREASED SUPPLY CURRENT DUE TO CATCH DIODE LEAKAGE AT HIGH TEMPERATURE 100µ 30 FRONT PAGE APPLICATION VOUT1 = 3.3V 650 1m LOAD CURRENT (mA) 100 20 600 TYPICAL 550 500 MINIMUM 450 10 5 10 25 20 15 30 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) 35 10µ –50 –25 40 Switching Regulator Load Regulation 0.06 LOAD REGULATION (%) LOAD CURRENT (mA) 650 TYPICAL 500 MINIMUM 450 400 25 20 30 15 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) 10 35 40 3668 G06 800 FRONT PAGE APPLICATION 0.08 REFERENCED FROM V OUT1 AT 200mA LOAD 600 5 Switch Current Limit 0.10 FRONT PAGE APPLICATION 550 400 25 50 75 100 125 150 TEMPERATURE (°C) 3668 G05 3668 G04 Maximum Load Current 700 0 SWITCH CURRENT LIMIT (mA) 0 0.04 0.02 0 –0.02 –0.04 –0.06 SWITCH PEAK CURRENT LIMIT 700 600 CATCH DIODE VALLEY CURRENT LIMIT 500 –0.08 5 10 25 20 30 15 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) 35 40 3668 G07 –0.10 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 LOAD CURRENT (mA) 3668 G08 400 0 20 60 40 DUTY CYCLE (%) 80 100 3668 G09 3668fa For more information www.linear.com/LT3668 5 LT3668 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS 0% DUTY CYCLE 600 100% DUTY CYCLE 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.4 CATCH DIODE VALLEY CURRENT LIMIT 400 –50 –25 0 0 –50 –25 25 50 75 100 125 150 TEMPERATURE (°C) 3668 G10 160 MINIMUM OFF-TIME 140 120 MINIMUM ON-TIME 100 80 60 40 20 0 –50 –25 25 50 75 100 125 150 TEMPERATURE (°C) 3668 G11 5.0 TJ = –50°C TJ = 25°C TJ = 125°C TJ = 150°C 100 0 200 300 400 500 600 SWITCH CURRENT (mA) 100 700 16 INPUT VOLTAGE VIN1 (V) 200 BOOST PIN CURRENT (mA) 300 14 12 10 8 6 TA = 150°C TA = 25°C TA = –50°C 4 2 3668 G13 Minimum Input Voltage, VOUT1 = 6V 0 100 FRONT PAGE APPLICATION VEN = VIN1, VOUT1 = 3.3V 200 300 400 500 SWITCH CURRENT (mA) 600 4.5 TO START TO START 4.0 TO RUN 3.5 3.0 3.5 3668 G14 Transient Load Response, Load Step 10mA to 140mA 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 LOAD CURRENT IOUT1 (mA) 3668 G15 Transient Load Response Load Step 150mA to 300mA FRONT PAGE APPLICATION 7.0 25 50 75 100 125 150 TEMPERATURE (°C) Minimum Input Voltage, VOUT1 = 3.3V 18 400 0 3668 G12 20 500 SWITCH VCESAT (mV) 0 LOAD CURRENT = 200mA 180 BOOST Pin Current 600 INPUT VOLTAGE VIN1 (V) RT = 487k 0.2 Switch VCESAT FRONT PAGE APPLICATION VOUT1 100mV/DIV VOUT1 100mV/DIV IL 100mA/DIV IL 150mA/DIV 6.5 TO RUN 6.0 5.5 5.0 6 RT = 95.3k 0.6 500 7.5 RT = 37.4k 2.0 700 0 200 2.4 2.2 FREQUENCY (MHz) SWITCH CURRENT LIMIT (mA) 900 800 Minimum Switch On-Time/ Switch-Off Time Switching Frequency SWITCH ON-TIME/SWITCH OFF-TIME (ns) Switch Current Limit TA = 25°C, unless otherwise noted. FRONT PAGE APPLICATION VEN = VIN1, VOUT1 = 6V 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 LOAD CURRENT IOUT1 (mA) 3668 G16 100µs/DIV 3668 G17 100µs/DIV 3668 G18 3668fa For more information www.linear.com/LT3668 LT3668 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS Switching Waveforms, Burst Mode Operation TA = 25°C, unless otherwise noted. Switching Waveforms, Full Frequency Continuous Operation EN Threshold 1.0 0.9 VSW 5V/DIV IL 100mA/DIV IL 200mA/DIV VOUT1 5mV/DIV VOUT1 5mV/DIV ILOAD = 10mA FRONT PAGE APPLICATION, VOUT1 = 5V 10 1.0 0.4 0.2 25 30 10 15 20 EN PIN VOLTAGE (V) 35 6 5 4 3 40 0 3668 G22 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 50 10 3668 G23 LDOs: Typical Dropout Voltage DROPOUT VOLTAGE (mV) 2 1 0 450 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 6 7 VADJ2/3 (V) 8 9 10 3668 G25 0 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 TEMPERATURE (°C) 3668 G24 800 = TEST POINTS 700 600 TJ = 125°C 500 400 TJ = 25°C 300 200 100 50 5 –25 LDOs: Guaranteed Dropout Voltage DROPOUT VOLTAGE (mV) TA = –50°C TA = 25°C TA = 125°C TA = 150°C 500 3 VOUT2/3-VADJ2/3 (mV) 4 1 600 4 5 2 550 3 6 1 ADJ2/3 VOLTAGE (V) 4 25 50 75 100 125 150 TEMPERATURE (°C) 3668 G21 7 2 0 0 8 7 LDOs: Tracking Error 2 0.2 VIN2/3 = 6V 9 VADJ2/3 = 5V VOUT2/3-VADJ2/3 (mV) OUT2/3 VOLTAGE (V) EN PIN CURRENT (µA) 0.6 1 0.3 10 8 0.8 –1 0.4 LDOs: Tracking Error VIN2/3 = 11V 9 5 0.5 LDOs: Tracking EN Pin Current 0 0.6 0 –50 –25 3668 G20 1µs/DIV 0.8 0.7 0.1 ILOAD = 400mA, FRONT PAGE APPLICATION 3668 G19 1µs/DIV 0 THRESHOLD VOLTAGE (V) VSW 5V/DIV 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 OUTPUT CURRENT (mA) 3668 G26 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 OUTPUT CURRENT (mA) 3668 G27 3668fa For more information www.linear.com/LT3668 7 LT3668 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS LDOs: 5V Quiescent Current IN2 100 60 VIN1 = VEN = 12V VADJ2 = 5V IN2 40 IN3/BD 30 VIN2/3 = 6V VEN = 12V, VIN1 = 0 VOUT2/3 = 5V ILOAD = 5µA 20 10 0 –50 –25 VIN2/3 = 6V VEN = 0.3V 0 80 70 60 50 30 20 VEN2/ILIM2 = 2V 10 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 TEMPERATURE (°C) 3668 G28 0 5 10 15 20 25 VIN2 (V) 30 35 400 300 250 200 150 200 150 100 TA = 140°C TA = 125°C TA = 25°C TA = –50°C 50 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 TEMPERATURE (°C) 3668 G31 40 IOUT2/3 35 CURRENT (µA) CURRENT (mA) 0.8 IADJ2/3 0.6 0.4 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 INPUT/OUTPUT DIFFERENTIAL (V) 0.2 8 20 25 30 VOLTAGE (V) 35 40 45 3668 G34 0 5 10 15 20 VIN3/BD (V) 25 30 3668 G30 VIN2/3-VOUT2/3(NOMINAL) = 1V 250 TA = 140°C TA = 125°C TA = 25°C TA = –50°C 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) 40 45 3668 G33 LDOs: Input Ripple Rejection 120 VOUT2/3 = VADJ2/3 = 10V VIN2/3 = 0V 20 IOUT2/3 5 15 VEN3/ILIM3 = 2V 275 3668 G32 10 10 10 200 45 25 15 VEN3/ILIM3 = 0V 20 225 30 5 30 LDOs: Reverse Output Current 1.0 0 40 300 250 LDOs: Reverse Output Current 0 50 325 CURRENT LIMIT (mA) CURRENT LIMIT (mA) 350 VIN2/3 = 0V 60 LDOs: Internal Current Limit 300 1.2 70 3668 G29 350 VADJ2/3 = 5V 100 –50 –25 0 80 0 45 40 VIN1 = VEN = 12V VADJ3 = 5V 90 LDOs: Internal Current Limit ADJ2, ADJ3 Pin Bias Current ADJ2/3 PIN BIAS CURRENT (nA) VEN2/ILIM2 = 0V 40 100 IADJ2/3 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 –50 –25 0 TEMPERATURE (°C) 3668 G35 INPUT RIPPLE REJECTION (dB) QUIESCENT CURRENT (µA) QUIESCENT CURRENT IIN2 (µA) 90 50 LDOs: 5V Quiescent Current IN3/BD QUIESCENT CURRENT IIN3/BD (µA) LDOs: IN2, IN3 Quiescent Current TA = 25°C, unless otherwise noted. 100 80 OUT2 OUT3 60 40 VIN1 = 12V 20 IOUT2/3 = 200mA VOUT2/3 = 5V VIN2/3 = 6V + 50mVRMS RIPPLE 0 1k 10k 100k 10 100 FREQUENCY (Hz) 1M 10M 3668 G36 3668fa For more information www.linear.com/LT3668 LT3668 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS LDOs: Minimum Input Voltage LDOs: Load Regulation –2 1.6 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 –3 –5 –6 –7 –8 –9 20 10 0 GAIN (dB) 40 30 IOUT2/3 = 200mA PHASE 0 GAIN IOUT2/3 = 20mA –10 20 10 –90 1 10 LOAD CURRENT (mA) 100 3668 G40 LDOs: External Current Limit, REN/ILIM = 1.54k 52.0 195 190 185 VIN2/3 = 15V 180 175 170 –50 –25 CURRENT LIMIT (mA) VIN2/3 = 5.6V VIN2/3 = 10V –180 51.0 –225 1M 100k 1M 3668 G39 VIN2/3 = 6V, VOUT2/3 = 5V COUT2/3 = 10µF IOUT2/3 = 20mA TO 200mA VIN2/3 = 5.6V VIN2/3 = 15V 49.5 49.0 IOUT3/2 = 20mA LDOs: External Current Limit, REN/ILIM = 31.6k 10.2 VIN2/3 = 10V 3668 G42 100µs/DIV 3668 G41 50.5 50.0 100k VOUT3/2 1mV/DIV VOUT2/3 = 5V 51.5 1k 10k FREQUENCY (Hz) IOUT2/3 100mA/DIV LDOs: External Current Limit, REN/ILIM = 6.19k VOUT2/3 = 5V 200 –135 COUT = 10µF –30 fOUT2/3 = 10Hz TO 100kHz VIN2/3 = 6V VADJ2/3 = 5V –40 100 10 1k 10k FREQUENCY (Hz) 100 VOUT2/3 50mV/DIV –45 –20 205 10 45 CURRENT LIMIT (mA) 50 0.1 1n COUT2/3 = 10µF VIN2/3 = 6V VADJ2/3 = 5V IOUT2/3 = 200mA LDOs: Transient Response PHASE (°) OUTPUT NOISE VOLTAGE (µVRMS) 25 50 75 100 125 150 TEMPERATURE (°C) 3668 G38 0 10n LDOs: Small Signal Transfer Function COUT = 10µF fOUT2/3 = 10Hz TO 100kHz VIN2/3 = 6V VADJ2/3 = 5V 0 0.01 CURRENT LIMIT (mA) ∆IOUT2/3 = 1mA TO 200mA VOUT2/3 = 1.1V VIN2/3 = 2.2V VIN1 = 12V –10 –50 –25 LDOs: RMS Output Noise 210 100n –4 0.4 IL = 200mA 0.2 VOUT2/3 = 1.1V VIN1 = 5V 0 –50 –25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 TEMPERATURE (°C) 3667 G37 60 1µ OUTPUT NOISE SPECTRAL DENSITY (V/√Hz) –1 1.8 70 LDOs: Output Noise Spectral Density 0 2.0 LOAD REGULATION (mV) MINIMUM INPUT VOLTAGE (V) 2.2 80 TA = 25°C, unless otherwise noted. VOUT2/3 = 5V 10.1 VIN2/3 = 5.6V VIN2/3 = 10V 10.0 VIN2/3 = 15V 9.9 48.5 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 TEMPERATURE (°C) 3668 G43 48.0 –50 –25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 TEMPERATURE (°C) 3668 G44 9.8 –50 –25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 TEMPERATURE (°C) 3668 G45 3668fa For more information www.linear.com/LT3668 9 LT3668 PIN FUNCTIONS SW (Pin 1): The SW pin is the output of the internal power switch. Connect this pin to the inductor, the catch diode and the boost capacitor. BOOST (Pin 2): This pin is used to provide a drive voltage, higher than the input voltage, to the internal bipolar NPN power switch of the switching regulator. Connect a capacitor (typically 0.22μF) between BOOST and SW. EN (Pin 3): The EN pin is used to put the LT3668 in shutdown mode. Tie to ground to shut down the LT3668. Tie to 1V or more for normal operation. If the EN pin is to be pulled below ground, use a series resistor to limit the pin current to 1mA. RT (Pin 4): Oscillator Resistor Input. Connect a resistor from this pin to ground to set the switching frequency. OUT3 (Pin 6), OUT2 (Pin 10): These are the outputs of the two LDOs. Stability requirements demand a minimum 10μF ceramic output capacitor to prevent oscillations. ADJ3 (Pin 9), ADJ2 (Pin 7): The two LDOs of the LT3668 regulate their outputs to follow the voltages at the ADJ2 and ADJ3 pins. Connect the reference voltage to these pins. FB1 (Pin 8): The switching regulator of the LT3668 regulates the FB1 pin to 1.2V. Connect the feedback resistor divider tap to this pin. IN2 (Pin 11), IN3/BD (Pin 5): These pins are the inputs of the two LDOs. IN3/BD also connects to the anode of the internal boost diode and also supplies current to the LT3668’s internal regulator when IN3/BD is above 3.2V. 10 EN2/ILIM2 (Pin 12), EN3/ILIM3 (Pin 13): Precision current limit programming pins. They connect to collectors of current mirror PNPs which are 1/799th the size of the output power PNPs of the two LDOs. These pins are also the inputs to the current limit amplifiers. Current limit thresholds are set by connecting resistors between the EN2/ILIM2 pin and GND and between the EN3/ILIM3 pin and GND. Stability requirements demand 47nF capacitors in parallel to these resistors. For detailed information on how to set the pin resistor values, see the Operation section. If any of these pins is not used, tie it to GND. To disable an LDO, pull its EN/ILIM pin above 1.2V. If an EN/ILIM pin is used as a digital input for enable/disable, ensure rise and fall times of less than 1µs. PG (Pin 14): The PG pin is the open-drain output of an internal window comparator. PG remains low until the FB1 pin is within ±10% of its final regulation voltage. PG output is valid when VIN1 or VIN2 are above the minimum input voltage and EN is high. IN1 (Pin 15): The IN1 pin supplies current to the internal regulator and to the internal power switch. This pin must be locally bypassed. DA (Pin 16): Connect the anode of the catch diode (D1 in Block Diagram) to this pin. Internal circuitry senses the current through the catch diode providing frequency foldback in overload conditions. GND (Exposed Pad Pin 17): This is the ground of all internal circuitry, as well as the power ground used by the catch diode (D1). The exposed pad must be soldered to the PCB. 3668fa For more information www.linear.com/LT3668 LT3668 BLOCK DIAGRAM 11 IN2 9 7 ADJ2 ERROR AMPLIFIER 10 OUT2 + – LDO DRIVER OUT3 C4 12 EN2/ ILIM2 80Ω 0.4V 14 VIN1 IN3/ BD ERROR AMPLIFIER – + VOUT2 LDO DRIVER 5 ADJ3 15 PG + – + – 1V CURRENT LIMIT AMPLIFIER CURRENT LIMIT AMPLIFIER LDO DISABLE 80Ω C5 VOUT3 13 0.4V + – LDO DISABLE 1V IN1 – + C1 3 + – 6 EN3/ ILIM3 EN INTERNAL REF 1.2V SLOPE COMP OSCILLATOR 250kHz TO 2.2MHz ERROR AMPLIFIER + – + – 1.32V 1.08V GND VC 8 R2 B00ST R S Burst Mode DETECT FB1 17 BOOST DIODE RT 2 Q SW – + DA 1 C2 L1 D1 VOUT1 C3 16 CATCH DIODE CURRENT LIMIT 4 R1 RT 3668 BD 3668fa For more information www.linear.com/LT3668 11 LT3668 OPERATION The LT3668 combines a 400mA buck switching regulator and two 200mA low dropout linear tracking regulators. Operation is best understood by referring to the Block Diagram. The buck regulator part is a constant frequency, current mode step-down regulator. An oscillator, with frequency set by RT, sets an RS flip-flop, turning on the internal power switch. An amplifier and comparator monitor the current flowing between the IN1 and SW pins, turning the switch off when this current reaches a level determined by the voltage at VC. An error amplifier measures the output voltage through an external resistor divider tied to the FB1 pin and servos the VC node. If the error amplifier’s output increases, more current is delivered to the output; if it decreases, less current is delivered. Another comparator monitors the current flowing through the catch diode and reduces the operating frequency when the current exceeds the 500mA bottom current limit. This foldback in frequency helps to control the output current in fault conditions such as a shorted output with high input voltage. Maximum deliverable current to the output is therefore limited by both switch current limit and catch diode current limit. An internal regulator provides power to the control circuitry. The bias regulator normally draws power from the IN1 pin, but if the IN3/BD pin is connected to an external voltage higher than 3.2V, bias power will be drawn from the external source (typically the regulated output voltage). This improves efficiency. The switch driver operates from either IN1 or from the BOOST pin. An external capacitor is used to generate a voltage at the BOOST pin that is higher than the input supply. This allows the driver to fully saturate the internal NPN power switch for efficient operation. To further optimize efficiency, the LT3668 automatically switches to Burst Mode operation in light load situations. Between bursts, all circuitry associated with controlling 12 the output switch is shut down, reducing the input supply current to 50μA (including the current drawn by the LDOs). The switching regulator has an overvoltage protection feature which disables switching action when IN1 goes above 42V (typical) during transients. It can then safely sustain transient input voltages up to 60V. The LDO blocks are micropower, low noise 200mA linear tracking regulators with low dropout voltage and current limit, which provide fast transient response with minimum low ESR 10μF ceramic output capacitors. The output voltage of each LDO follows a reference voltage applied to its adjust input with high accuracy. Each output current limit can be programmed individually with a single resistor, and pulling the EN2/ILIM2 or EN3/ILIM3 pin high shuts down the corresponding LDO. Internal protection circuitry includes reverse-battery protection, reverse output protection, reverse-current protection and current limit with foldback. The internal reference voltage circuitry is supplied by the IN1 and IN2 pins. This allows the LDO at IN2 to run independently and supply the switching regulator with its output OUT2. The EN pin is used to place the LT3668 in shutdown, thereby reducing the input current to less than 1μA. The LT3668 contains a power good window comparator that indicates whether the output voltage of the switching regulator is within ±10% of its nominal value. The output PG of this comparator is an open-drain transistor which is off when the output is in regulation, allowing external resistors to pull the PG pin high. Power good is valid if the LT3668 is enabled and IN1 or IN2 are above their minimum input voltages. Internal thermal limiting protects the LT3668 during overload conditions. 3668fa For more information www.linear.com/LT3668 LT3668 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION SWITCHING REGULATOR Operating Frequency Trade-Offs FB1 Resistor Network Selection of the operating frequency is a trade-off between efficiency, component size, minimum dropout voltage, and maximum input voltage. The advantage of high frequency operation is that smaller inductor and capacitor values may be used. The disadvantages are lower efficiency, lower maximum input voltage, and higher dropout voltage. The highest acceptable switching frequency (fSW(MAX)) for a given application can be calculated as follows: The switching regulator output voltage of the LT3668 is programmed with a resistor divider between the output of the switching regulator and the FB1 pin. Choose the resistor values according to: V R1= R2 OUT1 – 1 1.2V Reference designators refer to the Block Diagram of the LT3668. 1% resistors are recommended to maintain output voltage accuracy. Note that choosing larger resistors will decrease the quiescent current of the application circuit. Setting the Switching Frequency The LT3668 regulators use a constant frequency PWM architecture that can be programmed to switch from 250kHz to 2.2MHz by using a resistor tied from the RT pin to ground. Table 1 shows the necessary RT value for a desired switching frequency. Table 1: Switching Frequency vs RT Value SWITCHING FREQUENCY (MHz) RT VALUE (kΩ) 0.25 475 0.3 383 0.4 274 0.5 215 0.6 174 0.8 124 1 95.3 1.2 75 1.4 61.9 1.6 51.1 1.8 43.2 2 37.4 2.2 32.4 fSW(MAX) = VOUT1 + VD tON(MIN) ( VIN1 – VSW + VD ) where VIN1 is the typical input voltage, VOUT1 is the output voltage, VD is the catch diode drop (~0.5V) and VSW is the internal switch drop (~0.5V at max load). This equation shows that slower switching frequency is necessary to accommodate high VIN1/VOUT1 ratio. Lower frequency also allows a lower dropout voltage. Input voltage range depends on the switching frequency because the LT3668 switch has finite minimum on and off times. The switch can turn on for a minimum of ~150ns and turn off for a minimum of ~190ns (note that the minimum ontime is a strong function of temperature). The minimum and maximum duty cycles that can be achieved taking minimum on and off times into account are: DCMIN = fSW • tON(MIN) DCMAX = 1 − fSW • tOFF(MIN) where fSW is the switching frequency, tON(MIN) is the minimum switch on-time (~150ns), and tOFF(MIN) is the minimum switch off-time (~190ns). These equations show that the duty cycle range increases when the switching frequency is decreased. A good choice of switching frequency should allow an adequate input voltage range (see Input Voltage Range section) and keep the inductor and capacitor values small. 3668fa For more information www.linear.com/LT3668 13 LT3668 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION Input Voltage Range The minimum input voltage is determined by either the LT3668’s minimum operating voltage of 4.3V or by its maximum duty cycle (as discussed in the previous section). The minimum input voltage due to duty cycle is: VIN1(MIN) = VOUT1 + VD –V +V 1– fSW • tOFF(MIN) D SW where VIN(MIN) is the minimum input voltage, VOUT1 is the output voltage, VD is the catch diode drop (~0.5V), VSW is the internal switch drop (~0.5V at maximum load), fSW is the switching frequency, and tOFF(MIN) is the minimum switch off-time (~190ns). Note that a higher switching frequency will increase the minimum input voltage. If a lower dropout voltage is desired, a lower switching frequency should be used. The highest allowed VIN1 during normal operation (VIN1(OP‑MAX)) is limited by minimum duty cycle and is given by: VIN1(OP-MAX) = VOUT1 + VD –V +V fSW • tON(MIN) D SW where VOUT1 is the output voltage, VD is the catch diode drop (~0.5V), VSW is the internal switch drop (~0.5V at maximum load), fSW is the switching frequency, and tON(MIN) is the minimum switch on-time (~150ns). However, the LT3668 will tolerate inputs up to the absolute maximum ratings of the VIN1 and BOOST pins, regardless of the chosen switching frequency. During such transients where VIN1 is higher than VIN1(OP-MAX), the part will skip pulses to maintain output regulation. The output voltage ripple and inductor current ripple will be higher than in normal operation. Input voltage transients of up to 60V are also safely withstood, though the LT3668 stops switching while VIN1 > VOVLO (overvoltage lockout, 42V typical), allowing the output to fall out of regulation. 14 During start-up, short-circuit, or other overload conditions the inductor peak current might reach and even exceed the maximum current limit of the LT3668, especially in those cases where the switch already operates at minimum ontime. The catch diode current limit circuitry prevents the switch from turning on again if the inductor valley current is above 500mA nominal. Inductor Selection and Maximum Output Current For a given input and output voltage, the inductor value and switching frequency will determine the ripple current, which increases with higher VIN1 or VOUT1 and decreases with higher inductance and higher switching frequency. A good first choice for the inductor value is: L = ( VOUT1 + VD ) • 2.4 fSW where fSW is the switching frequency in MHz, VOUT1 is the output voltage, VD is the catch diode drop (~0.5V) and L is the inductor value in μH. The inductor’s RMS current rating must be greater than the maximum load current and its saturation current should be about 30% higher. For robust operation in fault conditions (start-up or short-circuit) and high input voltage (>30V), the saturation current should be above 900mA. To keep the efficiency high, the series resistance (DCR) should be less than 0.3Ω, and the core material should be intended for high frequency applications. Table 2 lists several vendors. Table 2. Inductor Vendors VENDOR URL Coilcraft www.coilcraft.com Sumida www.sumida.com Toko www.tokoam.com Würth Elektronik www.we-online.com Coiltronics www.cooperet.com Murata www.murata.com 3668fa For more information www.linear.com/LT3668 LT3668 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION This simple design guide will not always result in the optimum inductor selection for a given application. As a general rule, lower output voltages and higher switching frequency will require smaller inductor values. If the application requires less than 400mA load current, then a lesser inductor value may be acceptable. This allows the use of a physically smaller inductor, or one with a lower DCR resulting in higher efficiency. However, the inductance should in general not be smaller than 10µH. Be aware that if the inductance differs from the simple rule above, then the maximum load current will depend on input voltage. In addition, low inductance may result in discontinuous mode operation, which further reduces maximum load current. For details of maximum output current and discontinuous mode operation, see Linear Technology’s Application Note 44. Finally, for duty cycles greater than 50% (VOUT1/VIN1 > 0.5), a minimum inductance is required to avoid sub-harmonic oscillations: LMIN = ( VOUT1 + VD ) • 2 fSW where fSW is the switching frequency in MHz, VOUT1 is the output voltage, VD is the catch diode drop (~0.5V) and LMIN is the inductor value in µH. Catch Diode The catch diode (D1 from block diagram) conducts current only during switch off-time. Use a 1A Schottky diode for best performance. Peak reverse voltage is equal to VIN1 if it is below the overvoltage protection threshold. This feature keeps the switch off for VIN1 > OVLO (44V maximum). For inputs up to the maximum operating voltage of 40V, use a diode with a reverse voltage rating greater than the input voltage. If transients at the input of up to 60V are expected, use a diode with a reverse voltage rating only higher than the maximum OVLO of 44V. If operating at high ambient temperatures, consider using a Schottky with low reverse leakage. For example, Diodes Inc. SBR1U40LP or DFLS160, ON Semi MBRM140, and Central Semiconductor CMMSH1-60 are good choices for the catch diode. Input Capacitor Bypass the input of the LT3668 circuit with a ceramic capacitor of X7R or X5R type. Y5V types have poor performance over temperature and applied voltage, and should not be used. A 1μF to 4.7μF ceramic capacitor is adequate to bypass the LT3668 and will easily handle the ripple current. Note that a larger input capacitance is required when a lower switching frequency is used (due to longer on-times). If the input power source has high impedance, or there is significant inductance due to long wires or cables, additional bulk capacitance may be necessary. This can be provided with a low performance electrolytic capacitor. Step-down regulators draw current from the input supply in pulses with very fast rise and fall times. The input capacitor is required to reduce the resulting voltage ripple at the LT3668 and to force this very high frequency switching current into a tight local loop, minimizing EMI. A 1μF capacitor is capable of this task, but only if it is placed close to the LT3668 (see the PCB Layout section). A second precaution regarding the ceramic input capacitor concerns the maximum input voltage rating of the LT3668. A ceramic input capacitor combined with trace or cable inductance forms a high quality (under damped) tank circuit. If the LT3668 circuit is plugged into a live supply, the input voltage can ring to twice its nominal value, possibly exceeding the LT3668’s voltage rating. This situation is easily avoided (see the Hot Plugging Safely section). Output Capacitor and Output Ripple The output capacitor has two essential functions. Along with the inductor, it filters the square wave generated by the LT3668 to produce the DC output. In this role it determines the output ripple, and low impedance at the switching frequency is important. The second function is to store energy in order to satisfy transient loads and stabilize the switching regulator’s control loop. Ceramic capacitors have very low equivalent series resistance (ESR) and provide the best ripple performance. A good starting value is: COUT1 = 50 VOUT1 • fSW 3668fa For more information www.linear.com/LT3668 15 LT3668 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION where fSW is in MHz, and COUT1 is the recommended output capacitance in μF. Use X5R or X7R types. This choice will provide low output ripple and good transient response. Transient performance can be improved with a higher value capacitor if combined with a phase lead capacitor (typically 22pF) between the output and pin FB1. Note that a larger phase lead capacitor should be used with a large output capacitor. A lower value of output capacitor can be used to save space and cost but transient performance will suffer. When choosing a capacitor, look carefully through the data sheet to find out what the actual capacitance is under operating conditions (applied voltage and temperature). A physically larger capacitor, or one with a higher voltage rating, may be required. Table 3 lists several capacitor vendors. Table 3: Capacitor Vendors VENDOR URL Panasonic www.panasonic.com Kemet www.kemet.com Sanyo www.sanyovideo.com Murata www.murata.com AVX www.avxcorp.com Taiyo Yuden www.taiyo-yuden.com Low Ripple Burst Mode Operation To enhance efficiency at light loads, the LT3668 operates in low ripple Burst Mode operation which keeps the output capacitor charged to the proper voltage while minimizing the input quiescent current. During Burst Mode operation, the LT3668 delivers single cycle bursts of current to the output capacitor followed by sleep periods where the output power is delivered to the load by the output capacitor. Because the LT3668 delivers power to the output with single, low current pulses, the output ripple is kept below 5mV for a typical application. As the load current decreases towards a no load condition, the percentage of time that the LT3668 operates in sleep mode increases and the average input current is greatly reduced resulting in high efficiency even at very low loads. Note that during Burst Mode operation, the switching frequency will be lower than the programmed switching frequency. At higher output loads (above ~50mA for the front page application) the LT3668 will be running at the frequency programmed by the RT resistor, and will be operating in standard PWM mode. The transition between PWM and low ripple Burst Mode operation is seamless, and will not disturb the output voltage. Audible Noise Ceramic capacitors are small, robust and have very low ESR. However, ceramic capacitors can sometimes cause problems when used with the LT3668 due to their piezoelectric nature. When in Burst Mode operation, the LT3668’s switching frequency depends on the load current, and at very light loads the LT3668 can excite the ceramic capacitor at audio frequencies, generating audible noise. Since the LT3668 operates at a lower current limit during Burst Mode operation, the noise is typically very quiet. If this is unacceptable, use a high performance tantalum or electrolytic capacitor at the output. 16 VSW 5V/DIV IL 100mA/DIV VOUT1 5mV/DIV ILOAD = 10mA 1µs/DIV FRONT PAGE APPLICATION, VOUT1 = 5V 3668 F01 Figure 1. Burst Mode Operation 3668fa For more information www.linear.com/LT3668 LT3668 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION Capacitor C2 and the internal boost Schottky diode (see the Block Diagram) are used to generate a boost voltage that is higher than the input voltage. In most cases a 0.22μF capacitor will work well. Figure 2 shows two ways to arrange the boost circuit. The BOOST pin must be more than 1.9V above the SW pin for best efficiency. For outputs of 2.2V and above, the standard circuit (Figure 2a) is best. For outputs between 2.2V and 2.5V, use a 0.47μF boost capacitor. For output voltages below 2.2V, the boost diode can be tied to the input (Figure 2b), or to another external supply greater than 2.2V. However, the circuit in Figure 2a is more efficient because the BOOST pin current and IN3/BD pin quiescent current come from a lower voltage source. Also, be sure that the maximum voltage ratings of the BOOST and IN3/BD pins are not exceeded. The minimum operating voltage of an LT3668 application is limited by the minimum input voltage (4.3V) and by the maximum duty cycle as outlined in a previous section. For proper start-up, the minimum input voltage is also limited by the boost circuit. If the input voltage is ramped slowly, the boost capacitor may not be fully charged. Because the boost capacitor is charged with the energy stored in the inductor, the circuit relies on some minimum load current to get the boost circuit running properly. This minimum load depends on input and output voltages, and on the arrangement of the boost circuit. The minimum load generally goes to zero once the circuit has started. Figure 3 shows a plot of minimum load to start and to run as a function of input voltage. In many cases the discharged output capacitor will present a load to the switcher, which will allow it to start. The plots show the worst-case situation where VIN1 is ramping very slowly. For lower start-up voltage, the boost diode can be tied to VIN1; however, this restricts the input range to one-half of the absolute maximum rating of the BOOST pin. 5.0 INPUT VOLTAGE VIN1 (V) BOOST and IN3/BD Pin Considerations VOUT1 VIN1 IN1 TO RUN 3.5 3.0 0 50 C2 SW DA INPUT VOLTAGE VIN1 (V) GND (2a) For VOUT1 ≥ 2.2V IN3/BD BOOST TO START 7.0 6.5 TO RUN 6.0 5.5 FRONT PAGE APPLICATION VEN = VIN1, VOUT1 = 6V C2 LT3668 SW D1 GND 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 LOAD CURRENT IOUT1 (mA) 3668 F03a 7.5 D1 IN1 TO START 4.0 BOOST LT3668 VIN1 4.5 3.5 IN3/BD FRONT PAGE APPLICATION VEN = VIN1, VOUT1 = 3.3V VOUT1 5.0 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 LOAD CURRENT IOUT1 (mA) DA 3668 F02 (2b) For VOUT1 < 2.2V; VIN1 < 25V 3668 F03b Figure 3. The Minimum Input Voltage Depends on Output Voltage, Load Current and Boost Circuit Figure 2. Two Circuits for Generating the Boost Voltage 3668fa For more information www.linear.com/LT3668 17 LT3668 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION Shorted and Reversed Input Protection LDOs If the inductor is chosen so that it won’t saturate excessively, the switching regulator will tolerate a shorted output. There is another situation to consider in systems where the output will be held high when the input to the LT3668 is absent. This may occur in battery charging applications or in battery backup systems where a battery or some other supply is diode ORed with the switching regulator’s output. If the IN1 pin is allowed to float and the EN pin is held high (either by a logic signal or because it is tied to IN1), then the LT3668’s internal circuitry will pull its quiescent current through the SW pin. This is fine if the system can tolerate a few μA in this state. If the EN pin is grounded, the SW pin current will drop to 0.7μA. However, if the IN1 pin is grounded while the output is held high, regardless of EN, parasitic diodes inside the LT3668 can pull current from the output through the SW pin and the IN1 pin. Figure 4 shows a circuit that will run only when the input voltage is present and that protects against a shorted or reversed input. Adjustment Inputs D1 MBRS140 VIN IN1 EN Each LDO output voltage of the LT3668 follows the voltage at the corresponding adjustment pin ADJ2/ADJ3. Each adjustment pin is pulled down by an internal current source (typically 200nA at 25°C). This current must be taken into consideration if an adjustment pin is to be driven by a high impedance resistive divider. Even if the voltage at ADJ2/ADJ3 is below the minimum input voltage, the corresponding output will always be regulated to a voltage equal or below the voltage at ADJ2/ADJ3. Any noise present at an adjustment pin is transferred to the corresponding output, in particular low frequency noise. See the LDO transfer function in the Typical Performance Characteristics section. Reference voltage noise can be reduced by connecting a capacitor from ADJ2/ADJ3 to ground. However, if the reference voltage is derived from the resistive divider of the switching regulator as shown in the application on page 1, no such bypass capacitor is allowed as it would impair the switching regulator's stability. IN3/BD BOOST LT3668 VOUT SW GND DA FB1 + BACKUP 3668 F04 Figure 4. Diode D1 Prevents a Shorted Input from Discharging a Backup Battery Tied to the Output. It Also Protects the Circuit from a Reversed Input, in Which Case the Resistor at the EN Pin Limits the Current Drawn from That Pin. The LT3668 Runs Only When the Input Is Present 18 3668fa For more information www.linear.com/LT3668 LT3668 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION Input Capacitance and Stability Each LDO is stable with an input capacitor typically between 1μF and 10μF. This input capacitor must be placed as close as possible to the corresponding input pin. Applications operating with smaller input to output differential voltages and that experience large load transients may require a higher input capacitor value to prevent input voltage droop and letting the regulator enter dropout. Very low ESR ceramic capacitors may be used. However, in cases where long wires connect the power supply to the LDOs input and ground, use of low value input capacitors may result in instability. The resonant LC tank circuit formed by the wire inductance and the input capacitor is the cause and not a result of LDO instability. The minimum input capacitance needed to stabilize the application also varies with power supply output impedance variations. Placing additional capacitance on an LDO’s output also helps. However, this requires an order of magnitude more capacitance in comparison with additional input bypassing. Series resistance between the supply and an LDO’s input also helps stabilize the application; as little as 0.1Ω to 0.5Ω suffices. This impedance dampens the LC tank circuit at the expense of dropout voltage. A better alternative is to use higher ESR tantalum or electrolytic capacitors at the input in place of ceramic capacitors. Output Capacitance, Transient Response, Stability Each LT3668’s LDO is stable with a wide range of output capacitors. The ESR of the output capacitor affects stability, most notably with small capacitors. Use a minimum output capacitor of 10μF to prevent oscillations. The ESR of the output capacitor must not exceed 3Ω. The LT3668 is a micropower device and output load transient response is a function of output capacitance. Larger values of output capacitance decrease the peak deviations and provide improved transient response for larger load current changes, especially for low output voltages. Bypass capacitors, used to decouple individual components powered by the LT3668, increase the effective output capacitor value. For applications with large load current transients, a low ESR ceramic capacitor in parallel with a bulk tantalum capacitor often provides an optimally damped response. Note that some ceramic capacitors have a piezoelectric response. A piezoelectric device generates voltage across its terminals due to mechanical stress, similar to the way a piezoelectric accelerometer or microphone works. For a ceramic capacitor, the stress is induced by vibrations in the system or thermal transients. The resulting voltages produced cause appreciable amounts of noise. A ceramic capacitor produced the trace in Figure 5 in response to light tapping from a pencil. Similar vibration induced behavior can masquerade as increased output voltage noise. VOUT2 = 5V COUT2 = 10µF VOUT2 1mV/DIV 2ms/DIV 3668 F05 Figure 5. Noise Resulting from Tapping On a Ceramic Capacitor 3668fa For more information www.linear.com/LT3668 19 LT3668 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION External Programmable Current Limit, Enable Each EN/ILIM pin (EN2/ILIM2 and EN3/ILIM3) is the collector of a PNP which mirrors the corresponding LDO’s output at a ratio of 1:799 (see Block Diagram). The EN2/ ILIM2 and EN3/ILIM3 pins are also the inputs to precision current limit amplifiers. If an output load increases to the point where it causes the corresponding current limit amplifier input voltage to reach 0.4V, the current limit amplifier takes control of output regulation so that its input clamps at 0.4V, regardless of the output voltage. The current limit threshold (ILIMIT) of an LDO is set by attaching a resistor (RIMAX) from the corresponding EN/ ILIM pin to ground: RIMAX = 799 • 0.4V – 80Ω ILIM In order to maintain stability, each EN/ILIM pin requires a 47nF capacitor from that pin to ground. In cases where the input to output voltage differential exceeds 10V, foldback current limit will lower the internal current level limit, possibly causing it to preempt the external programmable current limit. See the Internal Current Limit vs Input/Output Differential graph in the Typical Performance Characteristics section. If an external current limit is not needed, the corresponding EN/ILIM pin must be connected to ground, in which case no capacitor is required. Each LDO can be individually shut down by pulling its EN/ ILIM pin above 1.2V (1V typical). Note that in this case this pin will draw up to 500µA in certain operating conditions until the LDO is shut down, which the circuit driving this pin must be able to deliver. When an EN/ILIM pin is only used to enable/disable an LDO, no capacitor is required on this pin. Overload Recovery Each LDO of the LT3668 has a safe operating area protection, which decreases current limit as input-to-output voltage increases, and keeps the power transistor inside a safe operating region for all values of input-to-output voltage. Each LDO provides some output current at all 20 values of input-to-output voltage up to the device breakdown. When power is first applied to an LDO, the input voltage rises and the output follows the input; allowing the regulator to start-up into very heavy loads. During start-up, as the input voltage is rising, the input-to-output voltage differential is small, allowing the regulator to supply large output currents. With a high input voltage, a problem can occur wherein the removal of an output short will not allow the output to recover. The problem occurs with a heavy output load when the input voltage is high and the output voltage is low. Common situations are: immediately after the removal of a short-circuit or if an LDO is enabled via its EN/ILIM pin after the input voltage is already turned on. In such cases, the regulator would have to operate its power device outside its safe operating are (high voltage and high current) in order to bring up the output voltage. Since this is prevented by the safe operating area protection, the output gets stuck at a low voltage. Essentially, the load line for such a load intersects the output current curve at two points, resulting in two stable output operating points for the regulator. With this double intersection, the input power supply needs to be cycled down to zero and brought up again to make the output recover. Protection Features The LT3668 LDO’s protect against reverse-input voltages, reverse-output voltages and reverse output-to-input voltages. Current limit protection and thermal overload protection protect the LDOs against current overload conditions at their outputs. For normal operation, do not exceed the maximum operating junction temperature. The LT3668 IN2 pin withstands reverse voltages of 45V. The device limits current flow to less than 300μA (typically less than 10μA) and no negative voltages appear at OUT2. The LDOs incur no damage if their outputs are pulled below ground. If an input is left open circuit or grounded, the corresponding output can be pulled below ground by 45V. No current flows through the pass transistor from the output. If the input is powered by a voltage source, the output sources current equal to its current limit capability and the LT3668 protects itself by thermal limiting. Note that the externally programmable current limit is less accurate if the output is pulled below ground. 3668fa For more information www.linear.com/LT3668 LT3668 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION COMMON Ceramic Capacitor Characteristics Give extra consideration to the use of ceramic capacitors. Manufacturers make ceramic capacitors with a variety of dielectrics, each with different behavior across temperature and applied voltage. The most common dielectrics are specified with EIA temperature characteristic codes of Z5U, Y5V, X5R and X7R. The Z5U and Y5V dielectrics provide high C-V products in a small package at low cost, but exhibit strong voltage and temperature coefficients, as can be seen for Y5V in Figures 6 and 7. When used with a 5V regulator, a 16V 10μF Y5V capacitor can exhibit an effective value as low as 1μF to 2μF for the DC bias voltage applied, and over the operating temperature range. The 20 BOTH CAPACITORS ARE 16V, 1210 CASE SIZE, 10µF 0 CHANGE IN VALUE (%) X5R and X7R dielectrics yield much more stable characteristics and are more suitable for use as input and output capacitors. The X7R type works over a wider temperature range and has better temperature stability, while the X5R is less expensive and is available in higher values. Still exercise care when using X5R and X7R capacitors; the X5R and X7R codes only specify operating temperature range and maximum capacitance change over temperature. Capacitance change due to DC bias with X5R and X7R capacitors is better than Y5V and Z5U capacitors, but can still be significant enough to drop capacitor values below appropriate levels. Capacitor DC bias characteristics tend to improve as component case size increases, but expected capacitance at operating voltage should be verified. X5R –20 –40 –60 Y5V –80 –100 0 2 4 14 8 6 10 12 DC BIAS VOLTAGE (V) 16 3668 F06 Figure 6. Ceramic Capacitor DC Bias Characteristics 40 CHANGE IN VALUE (%) 20 X5R 0 –20 –40 Y5V –60 –80 BOTH CAPACITORS ARE 16V, 1210 CASE SIZE, 10µF –100 50 25 75 –50 –25 0 TEMPERATURE (°C) 100 125 3668 F07 Figure 7. Ceramic Capacitor Temperature Characteristics 3668fa For more information www.linear.com/LT3668 21 LT3668 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION PCB Layout Hot Plugging Safely For proper operation and minimum EMI, care must be taken during printed circuit board layout. Figure 8 shows the recommended component placement with trace, ground plane and via locations. Note that large, switched currents flow in the LT3668’s IN1, SW, GND and DA pins, the catch diode and the input capacitor. The loop formed by these components should be as small as possible. These components, along with the inductor and output capacitor, should be placed on the same side of the circuit board, and their connections should be made on that layer. Place a local, unbroken ground plane below these components. The small size, robustness and low impedance of ceramic capacitors make them an attractive option for the input bypass capacitors of LT3668 circuits. However, these capacitors can cause problems if the LT3668 is plugged into a live supply. The low loss ceramic capacitor, combined with stray inductance in series with the power source, forms an under damped tank circuit, and the voltage at the input pins of the LT3668 can ring to twice their nominal input voltage, possibly exceeding the LT3668’s rating and damaging the part. If the input supply is poorly controlled or the user will be plugging the LT3668 into an energized supply, the input network should be designed to prevent this overshoot. See Linear Technology Application Note 88 for a complete discussion. The SW and BOOST nodes should be as small as possible. Keep the FB1 node small so that the ground traces will shield it from the SW and BOOST nodes. The exposed pad must be soldered such that it can act as a heat sink. (See High Temperature Considerations section.) High Temperature Considerations The LT3668’s maximum rated junction temperature of 125°C (E- and I-grade) and 150oC (H-grade), respectively, limits its power handling capability. OUT1 GND SW IN1 Power dissipation within the switching regulator can be estimated by calculating the total power loss from an efficiency measurement and subtracting inductor loss. Be aware that at high ambient temperatures the external Schottky diode will have significant leakage current (see Typical Performance Characteristics), increasing the quiescent current of the switching regulator. The power dissipation of each LDO is comprised of two components. Each power device dissipates: 1 16 2 15 3 14 4 13 5 12 6 11 7 10 8 9 PPASS = (VIN − VOUT) • IOUT where PPASS is the power, VIN the input voltage, VOUT the output voltage, and IOUT the output current. The base currents of the LDO power PNP transistors flow to ground internally and are the major component of the ground current. For each LDO, this causes a power dissipation PGND of: PGND = VIN • IGND VIAS TO LOCAL GROUND PLANE Figure 8. Good PCB Layout Ensures Proper, Low EMI Operation 22 where VIN is the input voltage and IGND the ground current generated by the corresponding power device. GND pin 3668fa For more information www.linear.com/LT3668 LT3668 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION current is determined by the current gain of the power PNP, which has a typical value of 40 for the purpose of this calculation: IGND = IOUT 40 (For the sake of simplicity and as a conservative estimate assume that all of this power is dissipated in the LT3668.) The power dissipations of the LDO power devices are: PPASS2 = (5V − 2.5V) • 100mA = 250mW PPASS3 = (5V − 3.3V) • 100mA = 170mW The total power dissipation equals the sum of the power loss in the switching regulator and the two LDO components listed above. For 100mA load current a maximum ground current of 2.5mA is to be expected. Thus, the corresponding power dissipations are: The LT3668 has internal thermal limiting that protects the device during overload conditions. If the junction temperature reaches the thermal shutdown threshold, the LT3668 will shut down the LDOs and stop switching to prevent internal damage due to overheating. For continuous normal conditions, do not exceed the maximum operating junction temperature. Carefully consider all sources of thermal resistance from junction-to-ambient including other nearby heat sources. The LT3668 package has an exposed pad that must be soldered to a ground plane to act as heat sink. To keep thermal resistance low, extend the ground plane as much as possible, and add thermal vias under and near the LT3668 to additional ground planes within the circuit board and on the bottom side. PGND2 = PGND3 = 5V • 2.5mA = 12.5mW The die temperature rise is calculated by multiplying the power dissipation of the LT3668 by the thermal resistance from junction to ambient. Example: Given the front page application with maximum output current, an input voltage of 12V and a maximum ambient temperature of 85°C, what will the maximum junction temperature be? As can be seen from the Typical Performance Characteristics, the switching regulator efficiency approaches 85% at 400mA output current. This leads to a power loss, PLOSS, of: Finally, the total power dissipation is: PTOT = PLOSS + PPASS2 + PPASS3 + PGND2 + PGND3 = 786mW Since the MSOP package has a thermal resistance of approximately 40°C/W, this total power dissipation would raise the junction temperature above ambient by: 0.786W • 40°C/W = 32°C With the assumed maximum ambient temperature of 85°C, this puts the maximum junction temperature at: TJMAX = 85°C + 32°C = 117°C Other Linear Technology Publications Application Notes 19, 35 and 44 contain more detailed descriptions and design information for buck regulators and other switching regulators. The LT1376 data sheet has a more extensive discussion of output ripple, loop compensation and stability testing. Design Note 318 shows how to generate a bipolar output supply using a buck regulator. 1 PLOSS = 5V • 400mA • – 1 = 353mW 0.85 3668fa For more information www.linear.com/LT3668 23 LT3668 TYPICAL APPLICATIONS 6V, 5V and 5V (Follower) Step-Down Converter VIN 7V TO 40V TRANSIENT TO 60V C1 4.7µF ON OFF f = 600kHz 5V 150mA (FOLLOWS OUT3) RT 174k C4 10µF IN1 EN PG RT BOOST SW LT3668 DA IN3/BD IN2 FB1 ADJ3 OUT3 ADJ2 OUT2 EN2/ILIM2 GND EN3/ILIM3 C2 L1 0.22µF 27µH D1 DFLS160 C3 22µF R1 232k 6V 100mA R2 931k C6 22pF R3 294k 5V 150mA C5 10µF 3668 TA02 C1-C5: X5R OR X7R L1: SUMIDA CDRH5D28R/HP Using Digital Output of a Microcontroller as Reference Voltage VIN 7.5V TO 16V TRANSIENT TO 60V C1 4.7µF ON OFF f = 2MHz 3.3V 25mA OFF-BOARD SUPPLY, FOR EXAMPLE: SENSORS RT 37.4k C4 10µF IN1 EN PG RT BOOST SW LT3668 C7 47nF L1 10µH 4.05V R1 178k D1 DFLS160 OUT3 GND EN3/ILIM3 C3 10µF R2 511k C6 22pF ADJ3 ADJ2 OUT2 EN2/ILIM2 DA IN3/BD IN2 FB1 C2 0.1µF R3 294k 3.3V, 200mA C5 10µF R4 12.7k VDD µC C1-C5: X5R OR X7R L1: SUMIDA CDRH4D22/HP 24 I/O 3668 TA03 3668fa For more information www.linear.com/LT3668 LT3668 TYPICAL APPLICATIONS Three Matching 5V Supplies C6 1µF VIN 6V TO 25V* C7 1µF IN1 IN2 IN3/BD BOOST SW C1 2.2µF EN DA LT3668 f = 600kHz RT 174k C2 0.22µF D1 DFLS160 C8 22pF ADJ2 C4 10µF EN2/ILIM2 GND EN3/ILIM3 R3 3.09k C9 47nF R4 3.09k R2 294k 5V 100mA* C5 10µF OUT3 OUT2 5V C3 400mA 22µF R1 931k FB1 RT ADJ3 5V 100mA* L1 22µH C10 47nF 3668 TA04 C1-C5: X5R OR X7R L1: SUMIDA CDRH4D22/HP * 100mA CURRENT LIMIT. DERATE OUTPUT CURRENT AT HIGHER AMBIENT TEMPERATURES AND INPUT VOLTAGES TO MAINTAIN JUNCTION TEMPERATURE BELOW THE ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM Programming LDO Current Limits with a Digital/Analog Converter VDAC DAC OUTPUT 0V TO 0.8V 3.01k LT3668 LT3668 EN2/ILIM2 EN2/ILIM2 3.01k 47nF CURRENT LIMIT = 799 0.8V – VDAC 3.01kΩ + 160Ω IDAC DAC OUTPUT 0µA TO 267µA 1.5k CURRENT LIMIT = 799 47nF 0.4V – IDAC • 1.5kΩ 1.5kΩ + 80Ω 3668 TA05 3668fa For more information www.linear.com/LT3668 25 LT3668 PACKAGE DESCRIPTION Please refer to http://www.linear.com/designtools/packaging/ for the most recent package drawings. MSE Package 16-Lead Plastic MSOP, Exposed Die Pad (Reference LTC DWG # 05-08-1667 Rev F) BOTTOM VIEW OF EXPOSED PAD OPTION 2.845 ±0.102 (.112 ±.004) 5.10 (.201) MIN 2.845 ±0.102 (.112 ±.004) 0.889 ±0.127 (.035 ±.005) 8 1 1.651 ±0.102 (.065 ±.004) 1.651 ±0.102 3.20 – 3.45 (.065 ±.004) (.126 – .136) 0.305 ±0.038 (.0120 ±.0015) TYP 16 0.50 (.0197) BSC 4.039 ±0.102 (.159 ±.004) (NOTE 3) RECOMMENDED SOLDER PAD LAYOUT 0.254 (.010) 0.35 REF 0.12 REF DETAIL “B” CORNER TAIL IS PART OF DETAIL “B” THE LEADFRAME FEATURE. FOR REFERENCE ONLY 9 NO MEASUREMENT PURPOSE 0.280 ±0.076 (.011 ±.003) REF 16151413121110 9 DETAIL “A” 0° – 6° TYP 3.00 ±0.102 (.118 ±.004) (NOTE 4) 4.90 ±0.152 (.193 ±.006) GAUGE PLANE 0.53 ±0.152 (.021 ±.006) DETAIL “A” 1.10 (.043) MAX 0.18 (.007) SEATING PLANE 1234567 8 0.17 – 0.27 (.007 – .011) TYP 0.50 NOTE: (.0197) 1. DIMENSIONS IN MILLIMETER/(INCH) BSC 2. DRAWING NOT TO SCALE 3. DIMENSION DOES NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH, PROTRUSIONS OR GATE BURRS. MOLD FLASH, PROTRUSIONS OR GATE BURRS SHALL NOT EXCEED 0.152mm (.006") PER SIDE 4. DIMENSION DOES NOT INCLUDE INTERLEAD FLASH OR PROTRUSIONS. INTERLEAD FLASH OR PROTRUSIONS SHALL NOT EXCEED 0.152mm (.006") PER SIDE 5. LEAD COPLANARITY (BOTTOM OF LEADS AFTER FORMING) SHALL BE 0.102mm (.004") MAX 6. EXPOSED PAD DIMENSION DOES INCLUDE MOLD FLASH. MOLD FLASH ON E-PAD SHALL NOT EXCEED 0.254mm (.010") PER SIDE. 26 0.86 (.034) REF 0.1016 ±0.0508 (.004 ±.002) MSOP (MSE16) 0213 REV F 3668fa For more information www.linear.com/LT3668 LT3668 REVISION HISTORY REV DATE DESCRIPTION A 02/15 Clarified Typical Application Schematic PAGE NUMBER 1 Added H-Grade Option 2 Clarified Tracking Error Specification to Include H-Grade Option 3 Clarified Dropout Specification and ADJ2/3 Bias Current 4 Clarified Note 4 to Include H-Grade Option 4 Clarified High Temperature Considerations to Include H-Grade Option 22 3668fa Information furnished by Linear Technology Corporation is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed for its use. Linear Technology Corporation makes no representation that the interconnection its circuits as described herein will not infringe on existing patent rights. Forofmore information www.linear.com/LT3668 27 LT3668 TYPICAL APPLICATION 5V/0.75A Supply with Two 0.2A Tracking Outputs VIN 7V TO 40V C1 4.7µF ON OFF RT1 174k f = 600kHz C4 10µF IN1 BOOST SW EN PG RT DA FB1 LT3668 C2 0.22µF L1 27µH C6 22pF D1 DFLS160 R2 1.18M R3 294k IN3/BD IN2 ADJ3 ADJ2 OUT3 OUT2 EN2/ILIM2 GND EN3/ILIM3 C3 22µF 5V 200mA (FAULT PROTECTED) C5 10µF 5V 200mA (FAULT PROTECTED) C7 4.7µF BOOST VIN 5V 750mA BD EN/UVLO RT2 215k f=600kHz L2 15µH SW LT3973-5 ON OFF C8 0.47µF PG OUT RT VOUT C9 22µF GND C1 - C9: X5R OR X7R L1: SUMIDA CDRH5D28R/HP 3668 TA06 RELATED PARTS PART NUMBER DESCRIPTION COMMENTS LT3667 40V, 400mA Step-Down Switching Regulator with Dual Fault Protected LDOs VIN: 4.3V to 40V, VOUT(MIN) = 0.8V, IQ = 50mA, ISD < 1µA, MSOP-16E, 3mm × 5mm QFN-24, LT3500 36V (40VMAX), 2A (IOUT), 2.2MHz Step-Down Switching Regulator VIN: 3V to 36V, VOUT(MIN) = 0.8V, IQ = 2.5mA, ISD < 12µA, with LDO Controller 3mm × 3mm DFN-10, MSOP-16E LT1939 25V, 2A (IOUT), 2.2MHz Step-Down Switching Regulator with LDO VIN: 3V to 25V, VOUT(MIN) = 0.8V, IQ = 2.5mA, ISD < 12µA, Controller 3mm × 3mm DFN-10, MSOP-16E LT3694 36V (70VMAX), 2.6A (IOUT), 2.5MHz Step-Down Switching Regulator with Dual LDO Controller VIN: 4V to 36V, VOUT(MIN) = 0.8V, IQ = 1mA, ISD < 1µA, 4mm × 5mm QFN-28, TSSOP-20E LT3507/LT3507A 36V, 2.5MHz, Triple (2.4A + 1.5A + 1.5A (IOUT) with LDO Controller High Efficiency Step-Down DC/DC Converter VIN: 4V to 36V, VOUT(MIN) = 0.8V, IQ = 7mA, ISD = 1µA, 5mm × 7mm QFN-38 LT3970 40V, 350mA (IOUT), 2.2MHz Step-Down Switching Regulator with VIN: 4.2V to 40V, VOUT(MIN) = 1.2V, IQ = 2.5µA, ISD < 1µA, IQ = 2.5µA 3mm × 2mm DFN, MSOP-10 LT3502/LT3502A 40V, 500mA (IOUT), 1.1MHz/2.2MHz Step-Down Switching Regulator 28 VIN: 3V to 40V, VOUT(MIN) = 0.8V, IQ = 1.5mA, ISD < 1µA, 2mm × 2mm DFN-8, MSOP-10E 3668fa Linear Technology Corporation 1630 McCarthy Blvd., Milpitas, CA 95035-7417 For more information www.linear.com/LT3668 (408) 432-1900 ● FAX: (408) 434-0507 ● www.linear.com/LT3668 LT 0215 REV A • PRINTED IN USA LINEAR TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION 2014