DATASHEET

DATASHEET
Intelligent Digital Amplifier PWM Controller and Audio
Processor
D2-45057, D2-45157
Features
The D2-45057 and D2-45157 devices are complete
System-on-Chip (SoC) Class-D digital audio amplifiers.
Combining high performance integrated Power Stages along
with an optimized Audio Processor feature set and PWM
Controller, these devices offer a complete, powerful, and very
cost effective audio solution for high volume and cost-critical
products.
• All Digital Class-D Amplifier and Controller with Integrated
Digital Signal Processing (DSP)
This 4th generation Digital Audio Engine (DAE-4P)™ device
combines extensive integrated Digital Signal Processor (DSP)
audio processing with amplifier control, for a complete audio
solution. Its ease of integration into the existing system
processor provides complete support for all system product
and amplifier functions.
• Output Power (Bridged)
- 25W (8Ω1% THD); 30W (8Ω10% THD)
The four configurable Power Stages operate as four separate
Half-Bridge outputs, as two Full-Bridge outputs, or in
combinations of Half-Bridge plus Full-Bridge, providing flexible
loudspeaker drive solutions. Separate PWM outputs provide
additional combinations to drive headphone, or line level
stereo and subwoofer outputs.
• Includes D2Audio™ SoundSuite™ and DTS®(SRS)
WOW/HD™ Audio Enhancement Algorithms
• Asynchronous Sample Rate Converters; Sample Rates from
32kHz up to 192kHz
Related Literature
• Wide 9V to 26V Power Stage HV Supply Range, plus
Internally-Generated Gate Drive Supply
• DAE-4/DAE-4P Register API Specification
• Temperature and Undervoltage Monitoring
and Individual Channel Protection
• Four Integrated Power Stages Supporting
- 2 Channels, Bridged
- 4 Channels, Half-Bridge
- 2 Channels, Half-Bridge, plus 1 Channel Bridged
• Fully Programmable Digital Signal Processing (DSP)
- Up to 5 Programmable Audio Signal Path Channels
- Programmable Equalizers, Filters, Mixers, Limiters
• I2S and S/PDIF™ Digital Audio Inputs
• DAE-4P Evaluation Kit Guides
Applications
• PC/Multimedia Speakers
• Digital TV Audio Systems
• Portable Device Docking Stations
• Powered Speaker Systems
Typical System Implementation
Digital
Audio
Interface
I2S
SoC
System
Controller(s)
I2C
Optical/
Coax IN
S/PDIF
Buffer
Optical/
Coax OUT
S/PDIF
Buffer
I2C
Control
S/PDIF
Digital I/O
Interface
Amplifier Output 1
2 Channel
Sample
Rate
Converter
24 Bit
Digital
Signal
Processor
Amplifier
Output
MOSFETS
5 Channel
PWM
Engine
D2Audio
Audio Canvas™
Processing
®
D2Audio
SoundSuite™
Amplifier Output 3
Amplifier Output 4
PWM
Output
Drive
®
Amplifier Output 2
Output
Filter
Subwoofer
Line Out
PWM
Output
Filter
Stereo
Line Out
PWM
Output
Filter
Headphone
Out
3 Party
ENHANCEMENTS
(Optional)
D2-45x57-QR
DAE-4P™ Intelligent Digital Power Amplifier and Audio Processor
Output
Filter
PWM
rd
(SRS WOW/HD®)
Output
Filter
OR
(Optional)
FIGURE 1. SYSTEM APPLICATION IMPLEMENTING 2X FULL-BRIDGE LOUDSPEAKER OUTPUTS PLUS 3 LINE-LEVEL OUTPUTS
May 5, 2016
FN6785.1
1
CAUTION: These devices are sensitive to electrostatic discharge; follow proper IC Handling Procedures.
1-888-INTERSIL or 1-888-468-3774 | Copyright Intersil Americas LLC 2010, 2016. All Rights Reserved
Intersil (and design), DAE-4P and D2Audio are trademarks owned by Intersil Corporation or one of its subsidiaries.
All other trademarks mentioned are the property of their respective owners.
D2-45057, D2-45157
Ordering Information
PART
NUMBER
(Notes 3, 4)
PART
MARKING
AUDIO PROCESSING
FEATURE SET SUPPORT
(Note 1)
TEMP.
RANGE (°C)
TAPE AND
REEL
(UNITS)
PACKAGE
(RoHS Compliant)
PKG.
DWG. #
D2-45057-QR
D2-45057-QR D2Audio™ SoundSuite™
-10 to +85
-
68 Ld QFN
L68.10x10C
D2-45057-QR-T (Note 2)
D2-45057-QR D2Audio™ SoundSuite™
-10 to +85
3k
68 Ld QFN
L68.10x10C
D2-45157-QR
D2-45157-QR
D2Audio™ SoundSuite™
DTS®(SRS) WOW/HD™
-10 to +85
-
68 Ld QFN
L68.10x10C
D2-45157-QR-T (Note 2)
D2-45157-QR
D2Audio™ SoundSuite™
DTS®(SRS) WOW/HD™
-10 to +85
3k
68 Ld QFN
L68.10x10C
NOTES:
1. The D2-45057, D2-45157 support audio processing algorithms for the D2Audio™ SoundSuite™, and DTS®(SRS) WOW/HD™ audio enhancement
features. Algorithm support of these enhancements is device-dependent. Refer to specific part number for desired feature support.
2. Please refer to TB347 for details on reel specifications.
3. These Intersil Pb-free plastic packaged products employ special Pb-free material sets; molding compounds/die attach materials and NiPdAu plate e4 termination finish, which is RoHS compliant and compatible with both SnPb and Pb-free soldering operations. Intersil Pb-free products are MSL
classified at Pb-free peak reflow temperatures that meet or exceed the Pb-free requirements of IPC/JEDEC J STD-020.
4. For Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL), please see device information page for D2-45057, D2-45157. For more information on MSL please see techbrief
TB363.
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Table of Contents
Typical System Implementation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Ordering Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Thermal Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Recommended Operating Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Pin Configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Pin Description. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Typical Performance Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13
Test Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Full-Bridge Typical Performance Curves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Half-Bridge Typical Performance Curves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Functional Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Audio Enhancement Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Serial Audio Digital Input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
S/PDIF Digital Audio I/O. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Sample Rate Converter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
DSP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Clock and PLL. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Timers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Audio Outputs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Output Power Stages. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Output Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
PWM Audio Outputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Control and Operation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18
Control Register Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
I2C 2-Wire Control Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Reading and Writing Control Registers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Control Interface Address Spaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Storing Parameters to EEPROM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Reset and Device Initialization. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Boot Modes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
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Power Supply Requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
High-Side Gate Drive Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Power Supply Synchronization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Power Sequence Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
REG5V . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20
20
20
21
21
Pin and Control Block Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
I/O Control Pins. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
nPDN Input Pin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
nERROR[0-3] Output Pins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
IREF Pin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Configuration Assignment Pin Differences . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
OCFG0, OCFG1 Input Pins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
nERROR/CFG0 and PSSYNC/CFG1 Pins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Temperature Monitoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
21
21
21
21
21
21
21
22
22
Configuration Setting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Error Reporting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Short-Circuit and Overcurrent Sensing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Protection Monitoring and Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Thermal Protection and Monitors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Graceful Overcurrent and Short-Circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Power Supply Voltage Monitoring. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
23
25
25
25
25
25
26
Audio Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Audio Processing Signal Flow Blocks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Revision History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
About Intersil. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Disclaimer for DTS®(SRS) Technology License Required
Notice: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Package Outline Drawing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
FN6785.1
May 5, 2016
D2-45057, D2-45157
Absolute Maximum Ratings
Thermal Information
(Note 7)
Thermal Resistance (Typical)
JA (°C/W) JC (°C/W)
68 Ld QFN Package (Notes 5, 6) . . . . . . . .
25
1
Maximum Storage Temperature. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -55°C to +150°C
Pb-Free Reflow Profile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . see TB493
Supply Voltage
HVDD[A:D], VDDHV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -0.3V to +28.0V
RVDD, PWMVDD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -0.3V to 4.0V
CVDD, PLLVDD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -0.3V to 2.4V
Input Voltage
Any Input but XTALI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -0.3V to RVDD +0.3V
XTALI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -0.3V to PLLVDD +0.3V
Input Current, Any Pin but Supplies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ±10mA
Recommended Operating Conditions
Temperature Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .-10°C to +85°C
High Voltage Supply Voltage,
HVDD[A:D], VDDHV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.0V to 26.5V
Digital I/O Supply Voltage, PWMVDD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3.3V
Core Supply Voltage, CVDD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1.8V
Analog Supply Voltage, PLLVDD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1.8V
Minimum Load Impedance (HVDD[A:D] ≤24.0V), ZL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4Ω
CAUTION: Do not operate at or near the maximum ratings listed for extended periods of time. Exposure to such conditions may adversely impact product
reliability and result in failures not covered by warranty.
NOTES:
5. JA is measured in free air with the component mounted on a high effective thermal conductivity test board with “direct attach” features. See Tech
Brief TB379.
6. For JC, the “case temp” location is the center of the exposed metal pad on the package underside.
7. Absolute Maximum parameters are not tested in production.
Electrical Specifications
TA = +25°C, HVDD[A:D]/VDDHV = 24V, CVDD = PLLVDD = 1.8V ±5%, RVDD = PWMVDD = 3.3V ±10%.
All grounds at 0.0V. All voltages referenced to ground. PLL at 294.912MHz, OSC at 24.576MHz, core running at 147.456MHz with typical audio data
traffic.
PARAMETER
TEST
CONDITIONS
Digital Input High Logic Level (Note 8)
SYMBOL
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNIT
VIH
2
-
-
V
Digital Input Low Logic Level (Note 8)
VIL
-
-
0.8
V
High Level Output Drive Voltage
(IOUT at -Pin Drive Strength Current)
VOH
RVDD - 0.4
-
-
V
Low Level Output Drive Voltage
(IOUT at +Pin Drive Strength Current)
VOL
-
-
0.4
V
High Level Input Drive Voltage XTALI Pin
VIHX
0.7
-
PLLVDD
V
Low Level Input Drive Voltage XTALI Pin
VILX
-
-
0.3
V
Input Leakage Current (Note 9)
IIN
-
-
±10
µA
Input Capacitance
Cin
-
9
-
pF
COUT
-
9
-
pF
-
190
-
pF
tRST
-
10
-
ns
-
-
100
-
kΩ
RVDD
and
PWMVDD
3
3.3
3.6
V
-
10
-
mA
-
0.01
-
mA
1.7
1.8
1.9
V
Active Current
-
300
-
mA
Power-Down Current
(Note 10)
-
6
-
mA
Output Capacitance
All Outputs Except
OUT[A:D]
OUT[A:D]
nRESET Pulse Width
Internal Pull-Up Resistance to PWMVDD
(for nERROR0-3, OCFG, nPDN)
Digital I/O Supply Pin Voltage, Current
Active Current
Power-Down Current
Core Supply Pins
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May 5, 2016
D2-45057, D2-45157
Electrical Specifications
TA = +25°C, HVDD[A:D]/VDDHV = 24V, CVDD = PLLVDD = 1.8V ±5%, RVDD = PWMVDD = 3.3V ±10%.
All grounds at 0.0V. All voltages referenced to ground. PLL at 294.912MHz, OSC at 24.576MHz, core running at 147.456MHz with typical audio data traffic.
(Continued)
PARAMETER
TEST
CONDITIONS
Analog Supply Pins (PLL)
SYMBOL
MIN
TYP
MAX
PLLVDD
UNIT
1.7
1.8
1.9
V
Active Current
-
10
-
mA
Power-Down Current
(Note 10)
-
5
-
mA
CRYSTAL OSCILLATOR
Crystal Frequency (Fundamental Mode Crystal)
Xo
20
24.576
25
MHz
Duty Cycle
Dt
40
-
60
%
tSTART
-
5
20
ms
FVCO
240
294.912
300
MHz
-
3
-
ms
Start-Up Time (Start-Up Time is Oscillator Enabled
(with Valid Supply) to Stable Oscillation)
PLL
VCO Frequency
PLL Lock Time from any Input Change
1.8V POWER-ON RESET
Reset Enabled Voltage Level
VEN
0.95
1.1
1.3
V
POR Minimum Output Pulse Width
tDIS
-
5
-
µs
1.8V BROWNOUT DETECTION
Detect Level
1.4
1.5
1.7
V
tBOD1
-
100
-
ns
tO1
-
20
-
ns
2.5
2.7
2.9
V
tBOD3
-
100
-
ns
tO3
-
20
-
ns
Gate Drive Supply Undervoltage Threshold
-
4.5
-
V
Gate Drive Supply Undervoltage Threshold Hysteresis
-
200
-
mV
Gate Drive Supply Undervoltage Threshold Glitch Rejection
-
50
-
ns
High Voltage (+VDDHV) Undervoltage Protection
-
7
9
V
Overcurrent Trip Threshold
-
4
-
A
Overcurrent De-glitch
-
2.5
-
ns
Short-Circuit Current Limit (Peak)
-
8
-
A
Overcurrent Response Time
-
20
-
ns
Thermal Shutdown (Power Stages)
-
140
-
°C
Thermal Shutdown Hysteresis (Power Stages)
-
30
-
°C
Pulse Width Rejection
Minimum Output Pulse Width
3.3V (PWMVDD) BROWNOUT DETECTION
Detect Level
Pulse Width Rejection
Minimum Output Pulse Width
GATE DRIVE INTERNAL +5V BROWN-OUT DETECTION
PROTECTION DETECT
NOTES:
8. All input pins except XTALI.
9. Input leakage applies to all pins except XTALO.
10. Power-down is with device in reset and clocks stopped.
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Performance Specifications TA = +25°C, HVDD[A:D]/VDDHV = 24V, CVDD = PLLVDD = 1.8V ±5%, RVDD = PWMVDD = 3.3V ±10%.
All grounds at 0.0V. All voltages referenced to ground. PLL at 294.912MHz, OSC at 24.576MHz, core running at 147.456MHz with typical audio data traffic.
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNIT
rDS(ON)
-
200
-
mΩ
rDS(ON) Mismatch
-
1
-
%
PWM Switching Rate
-
384
-
kHz
rDS(ON) (Maximum, MOSFETs at +25°C)
nPDN Input Off Delay
tPDNOFF
-
1.4
-
ms
nPDN Input On Delay
tPDNON
-
1.4
-
ms
<1% THD, Bridged, Load = 8Ω, HVDD[A:D] = 24V
POUT
-
25
-
W
<10% THD, Bridged, Load = 8Ω, HVDD[A:D] = 24V
POUT
-
30
-
W
<1% THD, Half-Bridge, Load = 8Ω, HVDD[A:D] = 24V
POUT
-
7
-
W
<10% THD, Half-Bridge, Load = 8Ω, HVDD[A:D] = 24V
POUT
-
9
-
W
THD+N
-
0.3
-
%
-
0.05
-
%
-
110
-
dB
-
90
-
%
POWER OUTPUT
THD+N
Load = 8Ω, Power = 25W, Bridged, 1kHz
Load = 8Ω, Power = 1W, Bridged, 1kHz
SNR
SNR
Efficiency (Power Stage, Load = 8Ω)
Serial Audio Interface Port Timing
TA = +25°C, HVDD[A:D]/VDDHV = 24V, CVDD = PLLVDD = 1.8V ±5%, RVDD = PWMVDD = 3.3V ±10%.
All grounds at 0.0V. All voltages referenced to ground. PLL at 294.912MHz, OSC at 24.576MHz, core running at 147.456MHz with typical audio data traffic.
SYMBOL
DESCRIPTION
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNIT
-
-
12.5
MHz
tcSCLK
SCLK Frequency - (SCLK)
twSCLK
SCLK Pulse Width (high and low) - (SCLK)
40
-
-
ns
tsLRCLK
LRCKR Set-Up to SCLK Rising - (LRCK)
20
-
-
ns
thLRCLK
LRCKR Hold from SCLK Rising - (LRCK)
20
-
-
ns
tsSDI
SDIN Set-Up to SCLK Rising - (SDIN)
20
-
-
ns
thSDI
SDIN Hold from SCLK Rising - (SDIN)
20
-
-
ns
tcSCLK
twSCLK
SCLK
thLRCLK
twSCLK
LRCK
tsLRCLK
tsSDI
SDIN
thSDI
FIGURE 2. SERIAL AUDIO INTERFACE PORT TIMING
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Two-Wire (I2C) Interface Port Timing
TA = +25°C, CVDD = PLLVDD = 1.8V ±5%, RVDD = PWMVDD = 3.3V ±10%. All grounds at
0.0V. All voltages referenced to ground.
SYMBOL
DESCRIPTION
MIN
MAX
UNIT
-
100
kHz
fSCL
SCL Frequency
tbuf
Bus Free Time Between Transmissions
4.7
-
µs
SCL Clock Low
4.7
-
µs
twlowSCLx
twhighSCLx
SCL Clock High
4.0
-
µs
tsSTA
Set-Up Time For a (Repeated) Start
4.7
-
µs
thSTA
Start Condition Hold Time
4.0
-
µs
thSDAx
SDA Hold From SCL Falling (Note 11)
tsSDAx
SDA Set-Up Time to SCL Rising
tdSDAx
SDA Output Delay Time From SCL Falling
tr
Rise Time of Both SDA and SCL (Note 12)
tf
Fall Time of Both SDA and SCL (Note 12)
4.7
tsSTO
1 (typical)
Set-Up Time For a Stop Condition
sys clk
250
-
ns
-
3.5
µs
-
1
µs
-
300
ns
-
µs
NOTES:
11. Data is clocked in as valid on next XTALI rising edge after SCL goes low.
12. Limits established by characterization and not production tested.
twhighSCLx
tr
twlowSCLx
tf
SCLx
tsSTA
thSDAx
tsSDAx
tsSTO
tbuf
SDAx
(INPUT)
thSTAx
SDAx
(OUTPUT)
tdSDAx
FIGURE 3. I2C INTERFACE TIMING
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D2-45057, D2-45157
SPI™ Master Mode Interface Port Timing
TA = +25°C, CVDD = PLLVDD = 1.8V ±5%, RVDD = PWMVDD = 3.3V ±10%. All grounds
at 0.0V. All voltages referenced to ground.
SYMBOL
DESCRIPTION
MIN
MAX
UNIT
-
8
ns
10
-
ns
tV
MOSI Valid From Clock Edge
tS
MISO Setup to Clock Edge
tH
MISO Hold From Clock Edge
1 system clock + 2ns
tWI
nSS Minimum Width
3 system clocks + 2ns
SPI™ Slave Mode Interface Port Timing
TA = +25°C, CVDD = PLLVDD = 1.8V ±5%, RVDD = PWMVDD = 3.3V ±10%. All grounds at
0.0V. All voltages referenced to ground.
SYMBOL
DESCRIPTION
MIN
MAX
tV
MISO Valid From Clock Edge
tS
MOSI Set-Up to Clock Edge
tH
MOSI Hold From Clock Edge
1 system clock + 2ns
tWI
nSS Minimum Width
3 system clocks + 2ns
UNIT
3 system clocks + 2ns
10
-
ns
SCK(CPHA = 1, CPOL = 0)
SCK(CPHA = 0, CPOL = 0)
tV
tV
MOSI
tS
tH
MISO(CPHA = 0)
tWI
nSS
FIGURE 4. SPI TIMING
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D2-45057, D2-45157
Pin Configuration
nRSTOUT
CVDD
CGND
VOL0/nSS
PLLVDD
XTALO
XTALI
PLLGND
PWMVDD
PWMGND
OCFG0
OCFG1
LINEL
LINER
nPDN
HVDDA
HGNDA
D2-45057, D2-45157
(68 LD QFN)
TOP VIEW
68
67
66
65
64
63
62
61
60
59
58
57
56
55
54
53
52
nRESET
1
51 OUTA
TEMPCOM/TIO0
2
50 HSBSA
SDA
3
49 HSBSB
SCL
4
48 OUTB
SCLK
5
47 HGNDB
SDIN
6
46 HVDDB
LRCK
7
45 REG5V
MCLK
8
44 VDDHV
CVDD
9
43 IREF
CGND 10
42 DNC
RGND 11
41 SUBOUT
RVDD 12
40 HVDDC
TEMPREF/SCK 13
39 HGNDC
38 OUTC
nMUTE/TIO1 14
VOL1/MISO 15
37 HSBSC
TEMP1/MOSI 16
36 HSBSD
35 OUTD
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
SPDIFTX
TEST
IRQA
IRQB
RGND
RVDD
nERROR/CFG0
PSSYNC/CFG1
PROTECT0
PROTECT1
PROTECT2
nERROR0
nERROR1
nERROR2
nERROR3
HVDDD
HGNDD
SPDIFRX 17
Pin Description
PIN
PIN
NAME
(Note 13)
TYPE
VOLTAGE
LEVEL
(V)
1
nRESET
I
3.3
Active low reset input with hysteresis. Low level activates system level reset, initializing all internal logic and
program operations. System latches boot mode selection on the IRQ input pins on the rising edge.
2
TEMPCOM/
TIO0
I/O
3.3
Board temperature monitor common I/O pin. When operating as output, provides 16mA drive strength.
3
SDA
I/O
3.3
Two-Wire Serial data port, open drain driver with 8mA drive strength. Bidirectional signal used by both the
master and slave controllers for data transport. Pin floats on reset.
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DESCRIPTION
FN6785.1
May 5, 2016
D2-45057, D2-45157
Pin Description (Continued)
PIN
PIN
NAME
(Note 13)
TYPE
VOLTAGE
LEVEL
(V)
4
SCL
I/O
3.3
Two-Wire Serial clock port, open drain driver with 8mA drive strength. Bidirectional signal is used by both the
master and slave controllers for clock signaling. Pin floats on reset.
5
SCLK
I
3.3
I2S Serial Audio Bit Clock (SCLK) Input. Input has hysteresis.
6
SDIN
I
3.3
I2S Serial Audio Data (SDIN) Input. Input has hysteresis.
7
LRCK
I
3.3
I2S Serial Audio Left/Right (LRCK) Input. Input has hysteresis.
8
MCLK
O
3.3
I2S Serial Audio Master Clock output for external ADC/DAC components, drives low on reset. Output is an
8mA driver.
9
CVDD
P
3.3
Core power, +1.8VDC. Used in the chip internal DSP, logic and interfaces.
10
CGND
GND
3.3
Core ground.
11
RGND
GND
3.3
Digital pad ring ground. Internally connected to PWMGND.
12
RVDD
P
3.3
Digital pad ring power, 3.3V. This 3.3V supply is used for all the digital I/O pad drivers and receivers, except
for the analog pads. There are 2 of these pins and both are required to be connected. Internally connected to
PWMVDD.
13
TEMPREF/
SCK
I/O
3.3
Reference pin for temperature monitor and SPI clock. At deassertion of device reset, pin operates as SPI
clock with 8mA drive strength. Upon internal D2-45057, D2-45157 firmware execution, pin becomes
temperature monitor reference.
14
nMUTE/
TIO1
O
3.3
Mute signal output. Low active: mute condition drives pin low. Output is a 16mA driver. Initializes as input on
reset, then becomes output upon internal firmware execution.
15
VOL1/
MISO
I/O
3.3
Volume control pulse input and SPI master- input/slave-output data signal. At deassertion of device reset,
pin operates as SPI master input or slave output. (When operating as output, provides 4mA drive strength.)
Then upon internal D2-45057, D2-45157 firmware execution, pin becomes input for monitoring up/down
phase pulses from volume control. (1 of 2 volume input pins.)
16
TEMP1/
MOSI
I/O
3.3
Board temperature monitor pin, and SPI master-output/slave-input data signal. At deassertion of device
reset, pin operates as SPI master output or slave input. (When operating as output, provides 4mA drive
strength.) Then upon internal D2-45057, D2-45157 firmware execution, pin becomes input for monitoring
board temperature.
17
SPDIFRX
I
3.3
S/PDIF Digital audio data input
18
SPDIFTX
O
3.3
S/PDIF Digital audio data output This pin is the S/PDIF audio output and drives a 8mA, 3.3V stereo output
up to 192kHz. Pin floats on reset.
19
TEST
I
3.3
Hardware test mode control. For factory use only. Must be tied low.
20
IRQA
I
3.3
Interrupt request port A. One of 2 IRQ pins, tied to logic (3.3V) high or to ground. High/low logic status
establishes boot mode selection upon deassertion of reset (nRESET) cycle.
21
IRQB
I
3.3
Interrupt request port B. One of 2 IRQ pins, tied to logic (3.3V) high or to ground. High/low logic status
establishes boot mode selection upon deassertion of reset (nRESET) cycle.
22
RGND
GND
3.3
Digital pad ring ground. Internally connected to PWMGND.
23
RVDD
P
3.3
Digital pad ring power, 3.3V. This 3.3V supply is used for all the digital I/O pad drivers and receivers, except
for the analog pads. There are 2 of these pins and both are required to be connected. Internally connected to
PWMVDD.
24
nERROR/
CFG0
I/O
3.3
Output configuration selection input, and nERROR output. Upon device reset, pin operates as input, using
application-installed pull-up or pull-down connection to pin to specify one of 4 amplifier configurations. Upon
internal D2-45057, D2-45157 firmware execution, pin becomes output, providing active-low output drive
when amplifier protection monitoring detects an error condition. When operating as output, provides 4mA
drive strength. (Note: This pin may also be referenced as “PSCURR” on some reference designs. Function is
identical regardless of name.)
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DESCRIPTION
FN6785.1
May 5, 2016
D2-45057, D2-45157
Pin Description (Continued)
PIN
PIN
NAME
(Note 13)
TYPE
VOLTAGE
LEVEL
(V)
DESCRIPTION
25
PSSYNC/
CFG1
I/O
3.3
Output configuration selection input, and power supply sync output. Upon device reset, pin operates as input,
using application-installed pull-up or pull-down connection to pin to specify one of 4 amplifier configurations.
Upon internal D2-45057, D2-45157 firmware execution, pin becomes output, providing synchronizing signal
to on-board power supply circuits. When operating as output, provides 4mA drive strength. Note: This pin may
also be referenced as “PSTEMP” on some reference designs. Function is identical regardless of name.
26
PROTECT0
I/O
3.3
PWM protection input. Input has hysteresis. Protection monitoring functionality of pin is controlled by internal
D2-45057, D2-45157 firmware, and dependent on which of the 4 amplifier configurations is enabled.
27
PROTECT1
I/O
3.3
PWM protection input. Input has hysteresis. Protection monitoring functionality of pin is controlled by internal
D2-45057, D2-45157 firmware, and dependent on which of the 4 amplifier configurations is enabled.
28
PROTECT2
I/O
3.3
PWM protection input. Input has hysteresis. Protection monitoring functionality of pin is controlled by internal
D2-45057, D2-45157 firmware, and dependent on which of the 4 amplifier configurations is enabled.
29
nERROR0
O
3.3
Overcurrent protection output, channel A output stage. Open drain 16mA driver, with internal 100kΩ (approx.)
pull-up. Pulls low when active from overcurrent detection of output stage.
30
nERROR1
O
3.3
Overcurrent protection output, channel B output stage. Open drain 16mA driver, with internal 100kΩ (approx.)
pull-up. Pulls low when active from overcurrent detection of output stage.
31
nERROR2
O
3.3
Overcurrent protection output, channel C output stage. Open drain 16mA driver, with internal 100kΩ (approx.)
pull-up. Pulls low when active from overcurrent detection of output stage.
32
nERROR3
O
3.3
Overcurrent protection output, channel D output stage. Open drain 16mA driver, with internal 100kΩ (approx.)
pull-up. Pulls low when active from overcurrent detection of output stage.
33
HVDDD
P
HV
Output stage D high voltage supply power. A separate power pin connection is provided for each of the output
stages. All of the HVDD[A:D] pins and the VDDHV pin connect to the system “HV” power source.
34
HGNDD
GND
HV
Output stage D high voltage supply ground. A separate ground pin connection is provided for each of the
output stages. All of the HGND[A:D] pins connect to system “HV” power ground (see Note 15).
35
OUTD
O
HV
PWM power amplifier output, channel D.
36
HSBSD
I
HV
High-side boot strap input, output channel D. Capacitor couples to OUTD amplifier output.
37
HSBSC
I
HV
High-side boot strap input, output channel C. Capacitor couples to OUTC amplifier output.
38
OUTC
O
HV
PWM power amplifier output, channel C.
39
HGNDC
GND
HV
Output stage C high voltage supply ground. A separate ground pin connection is provided for each of the
output stages. All of the HGND[A:D] pins connect to system “HV” power ground (see Note 15).
40
HVDDC
P
HV
Output stage C high voltage supply power. A separate power pin connection is provided for each of the output
stages. All of the HVDD[A:D] pins and the VDDHV pin connect to the system “HV” power source.
41
SUBOUT
O
3.3
“Subwoofer” channel PWM output, with 16mA drive strength. Connects to filter network for supplying linelevel analog output to subwoofer.
42
DNC
-
-
Do not connect to this pin.
43
IREF
I
-
Overcurrent reference analog input. Used in setting the overcurrent error detect externally-set threshold. The
pin needs to be connected to a 100kΩ resistor to ground to set the overcurrent threshold according to the
specified limits.
44
VDDHV
P
+HV
High Voltage internal driver supply power. All of the HVDD[A:D] pins and the VDDHV pin connect to the system
“HV” power source. The internal +5V supply regulators also operate from this VDDHV input.
45
REG5V
P
5
5V internal regulator filter connect. A +5V supply is internally generated from the voltage source provided at
the VDD pin. REG5V is used for external connection of a decoupling capacitor.
46
HVDDB
P
HV
Output stage B high voltage supply power. A separate power pin connection is provided for each of the output
stages. All of the HVDD[A:D] pins and the VDDHV pin connect to the system “HV” power source.
47
HGNDB
GND
HV
Output stage B high voltage supply ground. A separate ground pin connection is provided for each of the
output stages. All of the HGND[A:D] pins connect to system “HV” power ground (see Note 15).
48
OUTB
O
HV
PWM power amplifier output, channel B.
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May 5, 2016
D2-45057, D2-45157
Pin Description (Continued)
PIN
PIN
NAME
(Note 13)
TYPE
VOLTAGE
LEVEL
(V)
49
HSBSB
I
HV
High-side boot strap input, output channel B. Capacitor couples to OUTB amplifier output.
50
HSBSA
I
HV
High-side boot strap input, output channel A. Capacitor couples to OUTA amplifier output.
51
OUTA
O
HV
PWM power amplifier output, channel A.
52
HGNDA
GND
HV
Output stage A high voltage supply ground. A separate ground pin connection is provided for each of the
output stages. All of the HGND[A:D] pins connect to system “HV” power ground (see Note 15).
53
HVDDA
P
HV
Output stage A high voltage supply power. A separate power pin connection is provided for each of the output
stages. All of the HVDD[A:D] pins and the VDDHV pin connect to the system “HV” power source.
54
nPDN
I
3.3
Power-down and mute input. Active low. When this input is low, all 4 outputs become inactive and their output
stages float, and their output is muted. Internal logic and other references remain active during this powerdown state.
55
LINER
O
3.3
“Right” channel PWM output, with 16mA drive strength. Connects to filter network for supplying line-level
analog output.
56
LINEL
O
3.3
“Left” channel PWM output, with 16mA drive strength. Connects to filter network for supplying line-level
analog output.
57
OCFG1
I
3.3
Output configuration control select. OCFG0 and OCFG1 are logic inputs to select the output configuration
mode of the output stages. Connects to either PWMGND ground or PWMVDD (+3.3V) through nominal 10kΩ
resistor to select output configuration.
58
OCFG0
I
3.3
Output configuration control select. OCFG0 and OCFG1 are logic inputs to select the output configuration
mode of the output stages. Connects to either PWMGND ground or PWMVDD (+3.3V) through nominal 10kΩ
resistor to select output configuration.
59
PWMGND
P
3.3
PWM output pin ground. Internally connected to RGND.
60
PWMVDD
P
3.3
PWM output pin power. This 3.3V supply is used for the PWM pad drivers. Internally connected to RVDD.
61
PLLGND
P
1.8
PLL Analog ground. Should be tied to low voltage ground (CGND, RGND) through single point connection to
isolate ground noise on board and minimizing affecting of PLL.
62
XTALI
P
1.8
Crystal oscillator analog input port.
63
XTALO
P
1.8
Crystal oscillator analog output port. (This output drives the crystal and XTALO does not have a drive strength
specification.)
64
PLLVDD
P
1.8
PLL Analog power, 1.8V.
65
VOL0/
nSS
I/O
3.3
Volume control pulse input and SPI slave select. At deassertion of device reset, pin operates as SPI slave
select input. Then upon internal D2-45057, D2-45157 firmware execution, pin becomes input for monitoring
up/down phase pulses from volume control. (1 of 2 volume input pins.)
66
CGND
P
1.8
Core ground
67
CVDD
P
1.8
Core power, +1.8VDC. Used in the chip internal DSP, logic and interfaces.
68
nRSTOUT
O
3.3
Active low open-drain output, with 16mA drive strength. Pin drives low from RVDD 3.3V brownout detector,
PWMVDD 3.3V brownout detector, or 1.8V brownout detector going active. This output should be used to
initiate a system reset to the nRESET pin upon brownout event detection.
DESCRIPTION
NOTES:
13. Unless otherwise specified all pin names are active high. Those that are active low have an “n” prefix, such as nRESET.
14. All power and ground pins of same names are to be tied together to all other pins of their same name. (i.e., CVDD pins to be tied together, CGND pins
to be tied together, RVDD pins to be tied together, and RGND pins to be tied together.) Also, CGND and RGND are to be tied together on board, and
RGND and PWMGND pins are internally connected and are to be tied together on the board.
15. Thermal pad is internally connected to all 4 HGND ground pins (HGNDA, HGNDB, HGNDC, HGNDD). Any connection to the thermal pad must be made
to the common ground for these 4 ground pins.
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D2-45057, D2-45157
Typical Performance Characteristics
Test Considerations
• Typical performance measurements are made using an Audio Precision™ 2700 Series audio analyzer.
• Precision power resistors are used for the 8Ω loudspeaker loads
• Measurements are done using a +HV supply of +24.0VDC.
Full-Bridge Typical Performance Curves
10.00
1.000
HVDD = 24.0V,
8Ω LOAD, 1kHz
2.00
0.200
1.00
0.100
0.50
0.050
0.20
0.020
P = 14W
P = 7W
P = 1W
0.10
0.010
0.05
0.005
0.02
0.002 HVDD = 24.0V, 8Ω LOAD,
AT 1W, 7W, 14W, 25W POWER OUT
0.001
20
50
100 200
500
1k
2k
FREQUENCY (Hz)
0.01
0.06
0.1
0.2
0.5
1
2
POWER (W)
5
10
20
50
FIGURE 5. THD vs POWER, FULL-BRIDGE
5
4
HVDD = 24.0V,
8Ω LOAD, 3.5W
3
2
dBr A
1
-0
-1
-2
-3
-4
-5
-6
30
50
100
200
500
1k
2k
5k
FREQUENCY (Hz)
FIGURE 7. FREQUENCY RESPONSE, FULL-BRIDGE
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5k
10k
20k
-5
+0
FIGURE 6. THD vs FREQUENCY, FULL-BRIDGE
6
dBr A
P = 25W
0.500
THD (%)
THD (%)
5.00
10k
-50
-55 HVDD = 24.0V, 8Ω LOAD,
-60 AT 1kHz, REFERENCE TO 30W
-65
-70
-75
-80
-85
-90
-95
-100
< -115dB, UN-WEIGHTED
-105
-110
-115
-120
-60 -55 -50 -45 -40 -35 -30 -25
dBFS
-20
-15
-10
FIGURE 8. NOISE FLOOR, FULL-BRIDGE
FN6785.1
May 5, 2016
D2-45057, D2-45157
Half-Bridge Typical Performance Curves
1.000
10.00
HVDD = 24.0V,
8Ω LOAD, 1kHz
5.00
0.500
0.200
2.00
0.100
THD (%)
THD (%)
1.00
0.50
0.20
0.050
0.020
0.010
0.10
0.005
0.05
0.002
0.02
0.06
0.1
0.2
0.5
1
2
POWER (W)
5
10
0.001
20
20
FIGURE 9. THD vs POWER, HALF-BRIDGE
12
8
6
DC RESPONSE WITHOUT
DC BLOCKING CAPACITOR
2
dBr A
dBr A
4
-0
-2
-4
-6
AC RESPONSE DUE TO LOUDSPEAKER
DC BLOCKING CAPACITOR
-8
-10
-12
20
50
100
200
500
1k
2k
FREQUENCY (Hz)
5k
10k
FIGURE 11. FREQUENCY RESPONSE, HALF-BRIDGE
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50
100
200
500
1k
2k
FREQUENCY (Hz)
5k
10k
20k
-5
+0
FIGURE 10. THD vs FREQUENCY, HALF-BRIDGE
HVDD = 24.0V,
8Ω LOAD, 1W
10
HVDD = 24.0V, 8Ω LOAD,
2.4W POWER OUT
20k
-30
-35 NOISE FLOOR AT 1kHz, +24V RAIL,
-40
-45 SPDIF INPUT, 8Ω LOAD, UNITY DSP GAIN
-50
-55
-60
-65
-70
-75
-80
-85
-90
< -110dB, UN-WEIGHTED
-95
-100
-105
-110
-115
-120
-125
-60 -55 -50 -45 -40 -35 -30 -25 -20
dBFS
-15
-10
FIGURE 12. NOISE FLOOR, HALF-BRIDGE
FN6785.1
May 5, 2016
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SCLK (5)
SDIN (6)
LRCK (7)
D2-45057, D2-45157
DAE-4P™
INPUT SELECTION
SERIAL AUDIO
INTERFACE PORT
(I2S DATA TYPE
RECEIVER)
OUTPUT STAGE A
HSBSA (50)
HVDDA (53)
TONE CONTROLS
OUTA (51)
5-BAND EQS
MCLK (8)
HGNDA (52)
SPDIFRX (17)
15
SPDIFTX (18)
S/PDIF
DIGITAL AUDIO
RECEIVER,
TRANSMITTER
SAMPLE RATE
CONVERTERS
MIXERS
nERROR0 (29)
5 CHANNEL PULSE WIDTH
MODULATOR ENGINE
SPEAKER EQS
OUTPUT STAGE B
HSBSB (49)
HVDDB (46)
COMPRESSOR/LIMITERS
nRESET (1)
LINEAR INTERPOLATOR
ROUTERS
OUTB (48)
nRSTOUT (68)
CONTROL,
INITIALIZATION
IRQA (20)
PWM CORRECTION
HIGH/LOW-PASS CROSSOVERS
ENHANCEMENT
AUDIO PROCESSING ALGORITHMS
(PART-NUMBER DEPENDENT)
HGNDB (47)
nERROR1 (30)
NOISE SHAPER
3-BAND EQS
IRQB (21)
OUTPUT STAGE C
HVDDC (40)
D2AUDIO SOUNDSUITE™
SRS WOW/HD®
SDA (3)
HSBSC (37)
2-WIRE
(I2C-COMPATIBLE)
QUANTIZER
VOLUME CONTROLS
OUTC (38)
SCL (4)
HGNDC (39)
TEMPREF/SCK (13)
TEMP1/MOSI (16)
PWM OUTPUT DRIVE
LOUDNESS
nERROR2 (31)
24-BIT FIXED-POINT DIGITAL SIGNAL
PROCESSOR
WITH 56-BIT MAC
SPI INTERFACE,
SYSTEM I/O
VOL1/MISO (15)
OUTPUT STAGE D
(SIGNAL PROCESSING AND
CONFIGURATION BLOCKS DEFINED BY
DEVICE
ROM FIRMWARE)
VOL0/nSS (65)
HSBSD (36)
HVDDD (33)
COMPRESSOR/LIMITERS
OUTD (35)
PSSYNC/CFG1 (25)
CONFIGURATION,
SYSTEM I/O
CHANNEL ATTENUATORS
FIRMWARE
(ROM)
HGNDD (34)
nERROR/CFG0 (24)
nERROR3 (32)
PROTECT0 (26)
PROTECT1 (27)
LINEL (56)
PROTECTION
INPUTS
TIMERS,
I/O
PLL
POWER SUPPLY
AMPLIFIER CONFIGURATION & CONTROL
PROTECT2 (28)
LINE PWM OUTPUTS
LINER (55)
SUBOUT (41)
2
2
2
2
IREF (43)
nPDN (54)
OCFG1 (57)
OCFG0 (58)
VDDHV (44)
REG5V (45)
PWMGND (59)
PWMVDD (60)
CGND (10,66)
CVDD (9,67)
RGND (11,22)
RVDD (12,23)
PLLGND (61)
PLLVDD (64)
XTALO (63)
XTALI (62)
nMUTE/TIO1 (14)
TEMPCOM/TIO0 (2)
FN6785.1
May 5, 2016
FIGURE 13. D2-45057, D2-45157 FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM
D2-45057, D2-45157
TEST (19)
D2-45057, D2-45157
Functional Description
Overview
The D2-45057, D2-45157 device, shown in Figure 13 on
page 15, is an integrated System-on-Chip (SoC) audio processor
and Class D digital audio amplifier. It includes digital audio input
selection, signal routing, complete audio processing, PWM
controllers, amplifier and protection control, and integrated
power stages. Stereo I2S and S/PDIF Digital input support, plus
I2C and 2-wire SPI control interfaces provide integration
compatibility with existing system architectures and solutions.
The four configurable power stages can operate as four separate
Half-Bridge outputs, as two Full-Bridge outputs, or in
combinations of Half-Bridge plus Full-Bridge outputs. Separate
PWM outputs provide additional combinations to drive
headphone, or line-level stereo and subwoofer outputs. These
application-dependent configurations provide for driving Stereo
(2.0) Speaker, 2.1 Speaker, and Stereo (2.2) Bi-Amp Speaker
solutions, as well as providing Stereo Line outputs, Headphone
outputs, or Subwoofer line outputs.
Audio output implementations are defined by configuration
mode select pins, providing four combinations of powered and
line amplifier outputs as shown in Table 1. The five independent
audio processing paths feed a PWM engine, where its five PWM
channels are mapped to the configuration-selected power stages
and line outputs.
TABLE 1. OUTPUT CONFIGURATION MODES
CONFIG
MODE
0
NAME
FUNCTION
2.0 L/R
• Powered Left and Right Outputs
4-Quadrant
With 4-Quadrant, Full Bridge Drivers.
• No Line-Level Outputs
1
2.0 L/R
+
L/R/Sub
Line
• Powered Left and Right Outputs
With 2-Quadrant, Full Bridge Drivers.
• Stereo Left + Right Line-Level Outputs.
• Subwoofer Line-Level Output
2
2.1
L/R/Sub
+
L/R Line
• Two Half Bridge Drivers for Powered
Left and Right Outputs.
• 2-Quadrant, Full Bridge Driver for
Powered Subwoofer Output.
• Two (Stereo Left + Right)
Line-Level Outputs.
• Crossover Filtering Included Within
Audio Path Signal Flow.
3
2.2
Bi-Amp
• Four Half Bridge Drivers for Powered
Bi-Amp Left + Right Outputs.
• Crossover Filtering Included Within
Audio Path Signal Flow.
The audio path includes a stereo Sample Rate Converter (SRC),
five independent audio processing channels, plus device-specific
audio enhancement algorithms.
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Programmable parameter settings for audio processing include
volume control, path routing and mixing, high/low pass filtering,
multi-band equalizers, compressors, and loudness. These
parameters can be adjusted using the D2Audio™ Audio Canvas™
software, or can be set by a system/amplifier microcontroller
through the D2-45057, D2-45157 device’s control interface.
Audio Enhancement Features
The D2-45057, D2-45157 devices include the D2Audio
SoundSuite™ or DTS®(SRS) WOW/HD™ audio enhancement
algorithms. These device-specific functions are integrated within
the firmware as part of the standard audio processing signal
flow, and are supported per device as:
• D2Audio SoundSuite™ (WideSound™, DeepBass™, Audio
Align™, and ClearVoice™) Audio Processing
- Included in the D2-45057 device
• DTS®(SRS) WOW/HD™
- Included in the D2-45157 device
Each of these enhancements utilizes its own algorithms, where
choice of enhancement is specified by device part number. The
D2-45057 includes only D2Audio SoundSuite™ support, and the
D2-45157 includes only DTS®(SRS) WOW/HD™ support. These
enhancements also have their own unique set of programmable
parameters to control operation.
Serial Audio Digital Input
The D2-45057, D2-45157 devices include one Serial Audio
Interface (SAI) port accommodating two digital audio input
channels. This SAI port operates in slave mode only, supports the
I2S digital audio industry standard, and can carry up to 24-bit Linear
PCM audio words.
The digital audio input from the SAI input port routes directly
through the Sample Rate Converters (SRC). Either the I2S digital
input, or the S/PDIF Digital input may be selected as the audio
path source.
S/PDIF Digital Audio I/O
The D2-45057, D2-45157 contains one IEC60958 compliant
S/PDIF Digital receiver input and one IEC60958 compatible
S/PDIF Digital transmitter.
The S/PDIF Digital receiver input includes an input transition
detector, digital PLL clock recovery, and a decoder to separate
the audio data. The receiver meets the jitter tolerance specified
in IEC60958-4.
The S/PDIF Digital transmitter complies with the consumer
applications defined in IEC60958-3. The transmitter supports
24-bit audio data, but does not support user data and channel
status.
Compressed digital formats are not decoded within the
D2-45057, D2-45157 devices. But a bit-exact pass-through mode
is supported from the SPDIFRX input to the SPDIFTX output,
allowing for designs that require IEC61937-compliant original
compressed audio input bitstream be made available at the
product’s S/PDIF Digital output.
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D2-45057, D2-45157
Sample Rate Converter
The D2-45057, D2-45157 devices contain a 2-channel
asynchronous sample rate converter (SRC) within the audio input
signal flow path. This SRC is used to convert audio data input
sampled at one input sample rate, to a fixed 48kHz output
sample rate, aligning asynchronous input audio streams to a
single rate for system processing.
Audio data presented to the SRC can be from either the SAI or
S/PDIF Digital input sources, with an input sample rate from
16kHz to 192kHz. In addition to converting the input sample rate
to the output sample rate, input clock jitter and sampling jitter is
attenuated by the SRC, further enhancing audio quality.
DSP
A 24-bit fixed-point Digital Signal Processor (DSP) controls the
majority of audio processing and system control functions within
the D2-45057, D2-45157 devices.
Audio path signal routing, programmable-parameter processing
blocks, and control logic are defined within the device’s internal
firmware. Signal flows through the device are buffered and
processed through hardware specific-function blocks, such as the
Sample Rate Converter. Internal device registers allow full
integration of DSP control with the internal ROM-based firmware,
as well as providing for external control of audio processing
parameters.
Audio Outputs
Audio outputs are provided through four output power stages,
configurable for driving loudspeakers. Three additional PWM
outputs are also available for driving line-level audio outputs.
Combinations of outputs and their audio processing channel
assignment is defined by the device’s configuration mode
settings.
Output Power Stages
The devices include four independent output stages (Figure 14)
that are each implemented using a high-side (to positive HVDD
supply) and a low-side (to HV supply ground) FET pair. Drivers and
overcurrent monitoring are included in each of these four output
stages. Depending on the selected configuration mode, these
four stages can be used independently as single half-bridge
outputs, or as pairs for full-bridge outputs.
Audio processing PWM channel outputs are routed to the inputs
of the four output stages based on the OCFG0 and OCFG1, and
nERROR/CFG0 and PSSYNC/CFG1 configuration settings. Each
output stage includes its own high-side and low-side current
sensing that feeds to internal monitor logic as well as providing
its nERROR output connection. Temperature and undervoltage
monitoring also provides status and input to device protection
control.
HSBSA
(+)
Clock and PLL
Clock is generated on-chip, using a fundamental-mode crystal
connected across the XTALI and XTALO pins. XTALO is an output,
but is designed only to drive the crystal, and not connect to any
other circuit. XTALI is an input, connecting to the other side of the
crystal.
The clock generation contains a low jitter PLL to ensure low noise
PWM output, and a precise master clock source for sample rate
conversion and the audio processing data paths. The internal
PLL’s VCO clock operates at 12x the crystal frequency (12 x
24.576MHz) and provides complete device and system timing
reference. It is used throughout the device, including clock
generators for brown-out detection, system and power-on reset,
DSP, S/PDIF Digital transmitter, and PWM engine timing.
Clock and PLL hardware functions are controlled by internal
device firmware. They are not programmable and are optimized
for device and system operation.
Timers
There are two independent timers used for device and system
control. One timer is used for internal references for chip-specific
operations. The other is used for the system/board temperature
sensing control algorithm. There are two I/O pins (TIO0 and TIO1)
associated with the timers. Their pin functions are defined by the
device firmware. Only TIO0 is actually used in relationship to its
timer, Timer 0, and operates the timing-related I/O functions of
the temperature monitoring algorithm. Timer 1 is used for
internal functions of the device. Its pin (TIO1) is not used for this
timing operation and is defined by device firmware as the nMUTE
input pin.
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HVDD
HIGH
SIDE
FET
HIGH-SIDE
PWM DRIVE
OUT
LOW
SIDE
FET
LOW-SIDE
PWM DRIVE
nERROR
(GND)
HGND
OVERCURRENT
FIGURE 14. OUTPUT STAGE
Output Options
The D2-45057, D2-45157 devices provide four configuration
options for the power stage outputs. The power stage
configuration is selected by strapping the OCFG0 and OCFG1 pins
high or low. These defined configurations include:
• 2 Channels of Full Bridge, 4-Quadrant Outputs,
• 2 Channels of Full Bridge, 2-Quadrant Outputs
• 4 Channels of Half-Bridge Outputs
• 2 Channels Half-Bridge, Plus 1 Channel Full Bridge
Audio processing routing and control supporting the output stage
configurations is defined by the logical high or low strapping of
the nERROR/CFG0 and PSSYNC/CFG1 pins. Audio path
definition, audio path output routing, and output stage
configurations are automatically set to one of the four available
modes, based on these configuration settings.
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D2-45057, D2-45157
PWM Audio Outputs
Reading and Writing Control Registers
Three PWM outputs provide audio for up to three line-level
outputs. Audio processing channel assignment is mapped to
these PWM outputs, based on the device’s available
configuration settings.
All reads or writes to registers (shown in Figures 15 and 16)
begin with a Start Condition, followed by the Device Address byte,
three Register Address bytes, three Data bytes and a Stop
Condition.
Using only a simple passive filter, the PWM outputs will drive
line-level outputs at a nominal 1VRMS. With addition of active
filter configurations, these can also drive headphone outputs, or
2Vrms or higher line outputs. (Alternately, these PWM outputs
could also be used to drive powered outputs, using additional
power stages on the system design.)
Register writes through the I2C interface are initiated by setting
the read/write bit that is within the device address byte. Write
sequence shown in Figure 15 on page 19 is described in Table 2.
TABLE 2. I2C WRITE SEQUENCE
BYTE
NAME
DESCRIPTION
Control and Operation
0
Device Address
Device Address, With R/W bit
set
Control Register Summary
1
Register Address [23:16]
Upper 8 bits of address
The control interface provides access to the registers used for
audio processing blocks and signal flow parameters. Audio input
selection (I2S input or S/PDIF receiver input) and all
programmable data elements used in the audio processing
paths are controlled through these register parameters, and each
parameter is defined with its specific register address.
Programming details, register identification, and parameter
calculations are provided in the DAE-4/DAE-4P Register API
Specification document.
2
Register Address [15:8]
Middle 8 bits of address
3
Register Address [7:0]
Lower 8 bits of address
4
Data[23:16]
Upper 8 bits of write data
5
Data[15:8]
Middle 8 bits of write data
6
Data[7:0]
Lower 8 bits of write data
I2C 2-Wire Control Interface
The D2-45057, D2-45157 device includes a 2-Wire I2C
compatible interface for communicating with an external
controller. This interface is usable through either an external
microcontroller bus, or for communication to EEPROMs, or other
compatible peripheral chips.
The I2C interface supports normal and fast mode operation and
is multi-master capable. In a D2-45057, D2-45157 system
application, it operates as an I2C slave device, where the system
controller operates as the I2C master.
All reads to registers, shown in Figure 16 on page 19, require two
steps. First, the master must send a dummy write which consist
of sending a Start, followed by the device address with the write
bit set, and three register address bytes. Then, the master must
send a repeated Start, following with the device address with the
read/write bit set to read, and then read the next three data
bytes. The master must Acknowledge (ACK) the first two read
bytes and send a Not Acknowledge (NACK) on the third byte
received and a Stop condition to complete the transaction. The
device's control interface acknowledges each byte by pulling SDA
low on the bit immediately following each write byte. The read
sequence shown in Figure 16 is described in Table 3.
TABLE 3. I2C READ SEQUENCE
BYTE
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NAME
DESCRIPTION
0
Device Address
Device Address, With Write bit
set
1
Register Address [23:16]
Upper 8 bits of address
2
Register Address [15:8]
Middle 8 bits of address
3
Register Address [7:0]
Lower 8 bits of address
4
Device Address
Device Address, With Read bit
set
5
Data[23:16]
Upper 8 bits of write data
6
Data[15:8]
Middle 8 bits of write data
7
Data[7:0]
Lower 8 bits of write data
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D2-45057, D2-45157
ACK
DEVICE-ADDR
ACK
ACK
REGISTER [23:16]
START
REGISTER [15:8]
REGISTER [7:0]
R/W
ACK
Write Sequence
REGISTER [7:0]
ACK
DATA [23:16]
ACK
DATA [15:8]
ACK
DATA [7:0]
STOP
FIGURE 15. I2C WRITE SEQUENCE OPERATION
Step 1
ACK
DEVICE-ADDR
REGISTER [23:16]
START
Read Sequence
ACK
ACK
REGISTER [15:8]
R/W
ACK
MASTER
ACK
ACK
DEVICE-ADDR
REPEAT
START
REGISTER [7:0]
DATA [23:16]
MASTER
ACK
DATA [15:8]
ACK
REPEAT
START
NACK
DATA [7:0]
R/W
STOP
Step 2
FIGURE 16. I2C READ SEQUENCE OPERATION
Control Interface Address Spaces
Registers are accessed through the I2C control interface, using
the I2C channel address of 0xB2. This establishes the device or
product under control through I2C communication as the
D2-45057, D2-45157.
Registers and memory spaces are defined within the
D2-45057, D2-45157 for specific internal operation and control.
The highest-order byte of the register address (Bits 23:16)
determines the internal address space used for control read or
write access, and the remaining 16 bits (Bits 15:0) describe the
actual address within that space.
Programmable settings for the audio processing blocks are
internally mapped to the address space defined with the highest
order bits all zero. (For example, 0x00nnnn, where nnnn is the
address location within this address space.)
Storing Parameters to EEPROM
The D2-45057, D2-45157 device has the ability to store
parameters data to an EEPROM. If an EEPROM is installed in the
application, the programmable parameter data can be saved in
this EEPROM. This stored data can then be recalled upon reset or
power-up.
Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI)
The Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) is an alternate serial input
port that provides an interface for loading parameter data from
an optional EEPROM or Flash device during boot-up operation.
The four SPI interface pins are all shared functions:
• Following a reset condition and while the device is initiating
the boot-up process, these four SPI pins (TEMPREF/SCK,
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TEMP1/MOSI, VOL1/MISO, VOL0/nSS) function as an SPI
input port for external boot loading operation.
• As soon as the boot-up process is completed and the device
begins executing its firmware program, these pins are no longer
used for SPI functions, and are reassigned by the firmware for
use as dedicated-function I/O for amplifier operation.
Refer to multiple-purpose pin descriptions in Table 5 for more
description of these pin functions.
Reset and Device Initialization
The D2-45057, D2-45157 devices must be reset to initialize and
begin proper operation. A system reset is initiated by applying a
low level to the nRESET input pin. External hardware circuitry or a
controller within the amplifier system design must provide this
reset signal and connect to the nRESET input to initiate the reset
process. Device initialization then begins after the nRESET pin is
released from its low-active state.
The chip contains power rail sensors and brownout detectors on
the 3.3V RVDD and PWMVDD power supplies, and the 1.8V CVDD
power supply. A loss or droop of power from these supplies will
trigger their brownout detectors which will assert the nRSTOUT
output pin, driving it low. The nRSTOUT pin should connect to the
nRESET input through hardware on the amplifier design, to ensure
a proper reset occurs if the power supply voltages drop below their
design specifications.
At the deassertion of nRESET, the chip will read the status of the
boot mode selection pins (IRQA and IRQB) and begin the boot
process, determined by the boot mode that is defined by these
pins’ logic state. These device pins are strapped either high or
low on the system’s design (PCB), and it is the state of these pins
that is latched into, and defines boot mode operation.
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D2-45057, D2-45157
Power Supply Requirements
Boot Modes
The D2-45057, D2-45157 devices contain embedded firmware
to operate the part and run the amplifier system. Parameter
information that is used by the programmable settings can be
written to the device after it is operational and running. However,
parameter data can also be read at boot time, allowing saved
parameter settings to be used, or allowing amplifier function to
be set through a system microcontroller interface. The device is
designed to boot in one of four possible boot modes, allowing
control and data to be provided through these boot sources:
• I2C Slave (to external Microcontroller)
• I2C EEPROM
• Internal Device ROM Only
• SPI Slave
The specific boot mode is selected based on the state of the
IRQB and IRQA input pins at the time of reset de-assertion. Boot
modes and their functions are shown in Table 4. (Note: “Boot
Mode” describes the “mode” of device initialization with respect
to the source of parameter data or start-up control settings. This
is not to be confused with “Output Mode” or audio processing
“Configuration Mode” settings that define amplifier-specific
functions.)
TABLE 4. BOOT MODE SETTINGS
BOOT
MODE
IRQB
PIN
IRQA
PIN
MASTER/
SLAVE
I2C Slave
DESCRIPTION
Operates as I2C slave, boot at
address 0x88. An external 2-wire
I2C master provides the boot code.
0
0
0
1
0
1
2
1
0
-
Internal ROM Boot/Operation
3
1
1
SPI Slave
SPI slave. External SPI master
provides boot code.
I2C Master Operates as 2-wire master; loads
boot code from ROM on I2C port.
The device initializes as defined by its boot mode. But it gets its
configuration and parameter data from the host device. This host
device can be either an external controller, or from an EEPROM. If
a system uses both an external controller and an EEPROM, the
EEPROM will load first, and during this time, the controller must
remain off the I2C bus until after the reading sequence from
EEPROM has completed.
The device requires operating power for these voltages:
• PWMVDD and RVDD:
- 3.3V DC Supply Voltage.
- RVDD operates interface and I/O logic.
- PWMVDD is the same voltage, and is used for the PWM
outputs and output stage drive.
• CVDD and PLLVDD
- 1.8V DC Supply Voltage
- CVDD operates the internal processor and DSP core.
- PLLVDD also operates at the internal processor voltage
levels, but is provided through a separate connection to
allow isolation and bypassing for noise and performance
improvements.
• “High Voltage” (HVDD[A:D], and VDDHV)
- HVDDA, HVDDB, HVDDC, and HVDDD are the “High Voltage”
supplies used for operating each of the four output power
stages.
- VDDHV is used as the source for the on-chip +5V regulator
that is used for the output stage drivers.
- Individual power (HVDD[A:D]) and their corresponding
ground (HGND[A:D]) pins are included for each of the four
power stage outputs, providing channel isolation and low
impedance source connections to each of the outputs. All
the HVDD[A:D]/VDDHV pins connect to the same voltage
source.
High-Side Gate Drive Voltage
An on-chip bootstrap circuit provides the gate drive voltage used
by each output stage. A pin is included for each output channel
(HSBS[A:D]) for connection of a capacitor (nominal, 0.22µF/50V)
from this pin to that channel’s PWM output.
Drivers for high-side FETs on the output stages require a voltage
above the supply used for powering that FET. The charge
pumping action of the driving PWM to this driver produces this
“bootstrap” voltage, and uses this capacitor to filter and hold this
gate drive voltage. This enables amplifier operation without need
of connection to an additional power supply voltage.
Power Supply Synchronization
The the PSSYNC/CFG1 pin provides a power supply
synchronization signal for switching power supplies. Firmware
configures this pin to the frequency and duty cycle needed by the
system switching regulator. This synchronization allows switching
supplies used with the device to operate without generating
in-band audio interference signals that could be possible if the
switching power supply is not locked to the amplifier switching.
This PSSYNC/CFG1 pin is a shared pin. (Refer to
multiple-purpose pin descriptions in Table 5 on page 23.) During
device reset and initialization, it operates as one of two
configuration input pins, where its high or low logic state is used
to set the amplifier configuration mode. After completion of reset
and when the device firmware begins operating, this pin
becomes the PSSYNC output.
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Power Sequence Requirements
Voltage sensors and brownout detectors monitor supply voltages
to the device. The logic and built-in protection of this voltage
monitoring prevents operation until all supply voltages are within
their specified limits. However, during application of power, the
CVDD and RVDD (including PWMVDD) voltages should be
brought up together to avoid high current transients that could
fold back a power supply regulator.
During application of power to the system and while the CVDD
voltage (nominal +1.8V) is below its minimum specified limit, the
RVDD and PWMVDD supplies (nominal +3.3V) must not exceed
the voltage that is present at CVDD. (i.e., if VCVDD <
minimum-specified, then VRVDD/PWMVDD must be < VCVDD.)
After CVDD has reached its minimum limit, RVDD/PWMVDD can
then continue to increase to its normal design (3.3V) value.
(PLLVDD may be brought up separately.)
Best practice would be for all supplies to feed from regulators
using a common power source. Typically this can be achieved by
using a single low-voltage supply power source and regulating
the 3.3V and 1.8V supplies from that source. Also, as noted in
the pin specifications of this document, all voltages of the same
names must be tied together at the board level.
REG5V
The output stage internal drivers require their own +5VDC supply
voltage. An on-chip regulator operates from the VDDHV voltage to
produce this +5V voltage. The REG5V pin is used for external
capacitor connection to filter this regulated voltage. A 1.0µF and
0.1µF capacitor should be connected to this pin, and the
connection should be made as close as practical to the pin. This
internal +5V is used only by the output stage drivers. No other
connection is to be made to this pin.
Pin and Control Block Functions
Each of the four output stages incorporate their own latching
overcurrent hardware shutdown logic, in addition to the separate
protection events that occur through firmware control from an
overcurrent condition. Firmware protection control will perform
other steps to clear this hardware latched shutdown, although
asserting nPDN will also reset the hardware-latched state.
The nPDN pin is active low, and inactive when at logic high level.
In normal operation, it is held high with pull-up to the RVDD
supply.
nERROR[0-3] Output Pins
Each of the four output stages includes a two-level overload and
overcurrent monitor. An overcurrent or overload condition asserts
the nERROR output for that channel.
Also, an undervoltage condition for the voltages used by the
output stages (HVDD[A:D]/VDDHV, REG5V, PWMVDD), or
assertion of nPDN, will cause all four nERROR outputs to assert.
The nERROR pins are open drain, active-low, and can be wire-or
connected together. Depending on the output mode
configuration where more than one output stage may be used for
an audio channel, nERROR pins associated with that audio
channel are connected together to provide monitoring status.
In applications where multiple power stage outputs are defined
for an audio channel, the nERROR pins for these power stages
would be tied together, and also tied to the PROTECT input pin
associated with that audio channel. Refer to Table 6 on page 24,
that shows these connections for the different configuration
modes.
IREF Pin
The IREF pin is used to set the overcurrent and overload
monitoring threshold. The design requires a 100kΩ resistor to
connect from this pin to ground.
Configuration Assignment Pin Differences
I/O Control Pins
Several device pins are used as specific-function inputs and
outputs to control amplifier and device operation. These pins are
implemented within the device hardware as general purpose
inputs/outputs. However, their operation is not programmable,
and their specific function is totally defined by the D2-45057,
D2-45157 internal firmware. Functions of these pins are defined
in the pin definition list, and additional detail is included within
the descriptions of the functional blocks where these pins are
used.
Some pins are multiple-purpose, where their functions are
defined accordingly by the operational state (e.g., reset,
initializing, booting, running) of the D2-45057, D2-45157 device.
These multiple-purpose pins and their descriptions and uses are
described in more detail in Table 5 on page 23.
nPDN Input Pin
There are two pairs of pins used for configuration assignments.
Both pin pairs are used for the assignment, and their settings
must both match their requirements for the configuration mode.
These pin pairs are:
• OCFG0, OCFG1: define the output stage topology and
operation of the output configuration.
• nERROR/CFG0, PSSYNC/CFG1: define the audio processing
and amplifier control supporting the output configuration.
OCFG0, OCFG1 Input Pins
These two pins define the configuration of the four output stages.
They are logic level input pins, and are connected to logic high
(PWMVDD) or logic ground (PWMGND) to establish which of the
four output configurations is used in the design. Refer to “Pin
Description” starting on page 9 for additional reference and
definition.
The nPDN pin is a control input that is used to power-down the
outputs. When this input is pulled low, all audio outputs turn off
and become inactive, internal PWM drive to output stages is turned
off, and all output stages float. Internal logic and other references
remain active during this power-down state. Asserting nPDN also
causes all four nERROR[0:3] outputs to pull (active) low.
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nERROR/CFG0 and PSSYNC/CFG1 Pins
These pins define the amplifier configuration mode that the
firmware uses in operating the amplifier. In addition to the
OCFG0 and OCFG1 pins that set operation of the output stages,
these nERROR/CFG0 and PSSYNC/CFG1 pins also establish
audio signal processing path assignments and set up monitoring
and protection for the configuration mode. The configuration pin
logic levels are assigned by pull-up or pull-down resistors
installed on that application.
The configuration defined by these pins is assigned when the
D2-45057, D2-45157 device exits its reset state, when at that
time, the logic status of these PSSYNC/CFG1 and nERROR/CFG0
pins are latched into internal device registers. These are
shared-function pins, and after firmware begins executing, their
functions are reassigned as outputs. Refer to Table 5 on page 23
for further description on these pins and their shared functions.
A NTC (Negative Temperature Coefficient) 100kΩ resistor
connects to the TEMP1/MOSI pin, and using the resistor’s
temperature/resistance correlation, the firmware monitors
temperature of the NTC resistor. The internal device timing
functions associated with the TIO0 pin provide calibration that
correlates to system clock. A 49.9kΩ resistor connects to the
TEMPREF/SCK pin and is used as a constant nontemperature-dependent reference for this algorithm.
The firmware algorithm is internal to the D2-45057, D2-45157
device. Status from this temperature monitor is used for the
temperature protection functions of the device and its
application. There are no adjustments or parameters for
changing settings.
Temperature Monitoring
The TEMPREF/SCK, TEMP1/MOSI, and TEMPCOM/TIO0 pins are
used in a firmware-controlled algorithm to monitor temperature.
These pins share other functions (refer to multiple-purpose pin
descriptions in Table 5 on page 23) and during firmware
execution, operate as inputs and outputs for this measurement
algorithm. Figure 17 shows the circuit for this temperature
measurement implementation.
100k
TEMP1/MOSI
49.9k
TEMPREF/SCK
10
TEMPCOM/TIO0
0.1µF
FIGURE 17. TEMPERATURE MONITOR CIRCUIT
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TABLE 5. MULTI-FUNCTION I/O CONTROL PIN ASSIGNMENT AND OPERATION
PIN STATE DURING INITIALIZATION
PIN NAME
I/O
TEMPREF/
SCK
Output
VOL1/
MISO
PIN STATE DURING OPERATION
FUNCTION
I/O
FUNCTION
CONNECTION REFERENCE
SPI Cock Output.
Input
Temperature Monitor Reference.
Used for Temperature Monitoring
Algorithm.
Typical connection is to 49.9kΩ resistor as
temperature monitor reference. Available
for SPI connect if SPI is used in application.
Input
or
Output
SPI Master Input or Slave Output.
Function (Master or Slave)
determined by nSS input state.
Input
Volume Control Phase-B input.
Used for Monitoring RotaryEncoder Volume Control.
Typical connection to +3.3V with 10kΩ
pull-up resistors, and to 2-bit volume control
encoder.
TEMP1/
MOSI
Output
or
Input
SPI Master Output or Slave Input.
Function (Master or Slave)
determined by nSS input state.
I/O
Temperature monitor reference
I/O pin. Used for Temperature
Monitoring Algorithm.
Typical connection is to 100kΩ NTC resistor
as temperature monitor reference.
Available for SPI connect if SPI is used in
application.
nERROR/
CFG0
Input
(CFG0) Configuration Mode Input
Select. Uses pull-up or pull-down to
set logic input level, to define one
of 4 amplifier configurations.
Output
Active-Low Output Amplifier
Protection and Monitoring Status
Indication.
Connects to +3.3V or to ground with 10 kΩ
resistor, to select logic high or low for
setting configuration. Also connects to input
of monitor or indicator circuit to provide
status.
(Referenced as “PSTEMP” on some
reference designs.)
PSSYNC/
CFG1
Input
(CFG1) Configuration Mode Input
Select. Uses pull-up or pull-down to
set logic input level, to define one
of 4 amplifier configurations.
Output
Sync Output for Synchronizing On- Connects to +3.3V or to ground with 10kΩ
Board Power Supply regulator.
resistor, to select logic high or low for
setting configuration. Also connects to
clock sync input of on-board switching
regulator.
(Referenced as “PSCURR” on some
reference designs.)
VOL0/
nSS
Input
SPI Slave Select.
Input
Volume Control Phase-A input.
Used for monitoring rotaryencoder volume control.
Configuration Setting
The configuration mode is assigned through two pairs of pin
settings. When the D2-45057, D2-45157 device exits its reset
state, the logic status of the PSSYNC/CFG1 and nERROR/CFG0
pins is latched into internal device registers. During this
initialization time, these pins operate as logic inputs. After
completion of the initialization and the internal firmware begins
executing, these pins are re-assigned as outputs for their shared
functions, and the internal latched logic state that defines the
configuration mode remains until the device is powered down or
reset again. The OCFG0 and OCFG1 pin status is not latched;
those pins are to remain in their pull-up or pull-down state.
Typical connection to +3.3V with 10kΩ
pull-up resistors, and to 2-bit volume control
encoder.
Table 6 on page 24 shows the audio processing channel
assignment, audio content, and output assignments for each of
the four configuration modes.
• Both pairs of configuration setting pins (OCFG0, OCFG1) and
(PSSYNC/CFG1, nERROR/CFG0) must be used and both must
be set to the same configuration mode.
In modes 2 and 3, the filtering for high and low pass crossovers is
applied to the audio signal flow path, enabling the appropriate
high or low pass content to be properly filtered for the PWM
output channels.
Selection of one of the four configuration modes is defined by
strapping the configuration pins high or low:
• OCFG0 and OCFG1, to define the output power stage
configuration;
• and nERROR/CFG0 and PSSYNC/CFG1 pins to define the
amplifier and channel configuration
These four pins are connected to either a high (+3.3V) level or low
(ground = 0) level. Connection should be through a 10kΩ resistor,
and not directly to supply or ground.
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FN6785.1
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D2-45057, D2-45157
0
0
1
L
SPKR
2
R
SPKR
Left
Full Bridge
SUB
LINE
nERROR[0:3] to PROTECT[0:2]
LINER
PWM LINE OUTPUTS
LINEL
OUTD
OUTC
OUTB
POWER STAGE OUTPUTS
OUTA
AUDIO
CONTENT
AUDIO PROC
CHANNEL
0
nERROR
/CFG0
0
PSSYNC
/CFG1
OCFG0
2-Channel
4-Quad
Full Bridge
(3-Level)
OUTPUT CFG CONFIG MODE
PINS
PINS
OCFG1
“00”
CONFIGURATION
DESCRIPTION
MODE
TABLE 6. CONFIGURATION MODE AND CHANNEL ASSIGNMENTS
nERROR0
+nERROR1
to PROT0
Right
Full Bridge
nERROR2
+nERROR3
to PROT1
3
PROTECT2 Unused
(tie high)
4
5
1
1
1
0
1
1
L
SPKR
2
R
SPKR
3
L Line
4
R Line
5
Sub
1
L
SPKR
2
R
SPKR
3
L Line
4
R Line
5
Sub
Left
Full Bridge
nERROR0
+nERROR1
to PROT0
Right
Full Bridge
nERROR2
+nERROR3
to PROT1
PROTECT2 Unused
(tie high)
Left
Right
Sub
Left
HB
1
Left HF
L
(HB)
HF
SPKR
2
L
LF
SPKR
3
R
HF
SPKR
4
R
LF
SPKR
Right
HB
-
nERROR1
to PROT1
0
1
Left
Right
Ch 5 Sub
Full Bridge
nERROR2
+nERROR3
to PROT2
Left
LF
(HB)
Right
HF
(HB)
Right
LF
(HB)
nERROR3
to PROT2
1
0
nERROR2
to PROT2
4-Channel
Half Bridge
2.2
Bi-Amp
1
1
nERROR1
to PROT1
“11”
2-Channel
Half Bridge
+
1-Channel
Full Bridge for
Sub,+
L Line,
+
R Line
0
nERROR0
to PROT0
“10”
2-Channel
2-Quad
Full Bridge
+
L Line
+
R Line
+
Sub Line
nERROR0
to PROT0
“01”
5
NOTE: LF = Low Frequency, HF = High Frequency for Bi-Amp Config; HB = Half-Bridge
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D2-45057, D2-45157
Protection
Short-Circuit and Overcurrent Sensing
The D2-45057, D2-45157 device includes multiple protection
mechanisms. Output overload and overcurrent status for each
output power stage provides two levels of monitoring.
Temperature monitoring provides two levels of temperature
status. On-chip undervoltage detection is included for all supply
voltages.
Several strategies are provided in the D2-45057, D2-45157 to
prevent damage from the high voltages, currents, and
temperatures present in class-D amplifiers. This protection is
also effective against user-induced faults such as clipping, output
overload, or output shorts, including both shorted outputs or
short-to-ground faults. Protection includes events such as:
• Output Overcurrent
• Output Short Circuit
• Over-Temperature
• The lower threshold is used to monitor fault conditions such as
shorts or overloads on the loudspeaker outputs.
• The higher threshold monitors fault conditions of the PWM
output pin.
• The nERROR output asserts for the channel detecting the fault.
• For the lower level threshold, nERROR remains asserted only
through the duration of the overcurrent event.
• For the higher level threshold, the output is shut down, and its
nERROR output is asserted, and these remain latched until the
controller acknowledges the fault event by turning off the
channel’s PWM drive. (When shutdown, the PWM output pin
floats.)
Hysteresis is built into the overcurrent detectors to suppress
PWM switching transient events.
• Power Supply Brown-Out
• Shoot-Through Overcurrent
Certain levels of protection are managed using on-chip hardware.
Other protection is integrated into device firmware, and involves
actions to:
• Shut down the outputs for a short circuit, over-temperature, or
undervoltage event.
• Shut down the device if power supply sensors detect voltages
dropping below their design thresholds.
• Providing both indication, and device shutdown if needed for
overload and overcurrent monitors detection. Dual threshold
monitors provide two levels of high current conditions.
• Chip temperature monitoring provides dual threshold status of
high temperature conditions, providing both indication, and
device shutdown if needed.
Error Reporting
Internal monitoring of system and device operation uses an I/O
pin (nERROR/CFG1) as an output to signal an external system
controller of a channel shutdown error condition. This output may
be used to turn on a simple indicator.
The error output is also used to signal an external microcontroller
that the I2C bus may be busy. When the error output is low during
system initialization, the I2C bus is busy as a master device.
This error output is active low and only becomes used as an error
reporting output after the device firmware has initialized and
began running. This same pin is shared as an input. (Refer to
Table 5 on page 23 for further description on shared-function
pins.) During a reset condition, this pin operates as an input, and
is one of two input pins that are used to define the configuration
mode. A resistor pull-up or pull-down on this pin establishes this
mode input configuration state. After completion of the
initialization sequence, these resistors do not affect the error
output operation.
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Each PWM output FET includes a dual-threshold overcurrent
sensor. Multiple functions occur depending on detection of
overcurrent conditions:
25
Protection Monitoring and Control
These overcurrent detectors generate either a pulse or latched
logic level (depending on low or high threshold) upon detection of
high current. Detector status is presented to the nERROR[0:3]
pins.
The PROTECT[0:2] pins are used as protection inputs to the
firmware. Firmware action based on these pins’ status depends
on the selected output mode configuration. The nERROR[0:3]
output pins and the PROTECT[0:2] input pins are connected
together based on the particular system and output mode
configuration, as shown in Table 6 on page 24.
Thermal Protection and Monitors
An temperature sensing provides two thresholds of temperature
monitoring.
If the device reaches the lower threshold, a warning indication is
generated, and triggers one level of thermal protection
management.
On-chip hardware thermal protection shuts down the device upon
a high-threshold temperature condition. If the device reaches the
higher threshold, on-chip hardware latches and shuts down all
four output stages. It also drives all four nERROR0-3 outputs low
(active) providing this shut-down status to the firmware through
their connected PROTECT0-2 inputs.
Graceful Overcurrent and Short-Circuit
Hard faults from overcurrent or short-circuit conditions shut down
the outputs. High-threshold over-temperature also causes a
shutdown. For lower-threshold event detections, graceful
protection is provided for each output. Specific operation
depends on type and severity of the detected event, but action
taken is to reduce conditions that would contribute to the event,
without the severity of a complete shut-down as in a high-limit
fault condition.
FN6785.1
May 5, 2016
D2-45057, D2-45157
Overcurrent monitoring status is presented to the PROTECT0-2
inputs, from per-output detector status that drives the
nERROR0-3 outputs. Overcurrent detection algorithms in
firmware monitor these peak level detections, and upon
detection of an overload condition, automatically reduce PWM
gain. This Automatic Gain Control (AGC) action aids to prevent
clipping of audio output, as well as avoiding related excessive-level
conditions. The AGC algorithm operation functions through a
stepped-changing of PWM gain reduction, corresponding to
characteristics and time-event detection of overloads. At the lower
(non shut-down) high-temperature threshold, the AGC function
also acts to attenuate the outputs to attempt to reduce
temperature.
Output level gain and level change effects from this AGC function
are similar to operation from a compressor. However, unlike a
compressor where characteristics are determined by input levels,
the PWM AGC operation is controlled through detection of
near-overload output levels or from high temperature detection.
Power Supply Voltage Monitoring
Undervoltage sensors and brownout detectors monitor all supply
voltages to the device. The logic and built-in protection of this
voltage monitoring prevents operation until all supply voltages
are within their specified limits. Also, if any of these monitored
voltages drop below their threshold, the device shuts down its
outputs and asserts all four of the nERROR outputs.
Audio Processing
Audio Processing Signal Flow Blocks
INPUT SELECTION
The Input Select register specifies the audio inputs that are
assigned to the audio processing input path. Either the I2S or
S/PDIF Digital inputs are available.
MIXERS
An input mixer provides a two-input, two-output mixing and
routing path. Either input can be mixed at adjustable gain into
either or both of the two outputs. Default setting is 0dB through
each channel, with full cut-off for non-through channels.
Attenuation is continuously variable with the programmable
parameters.
A stereo mixer provides a path from the two input channels. This
typically is used to provide a mix of both stereo input channels for
crossover processing and becoming the source for the subwoofer
channel. Gains for both input channels are adjustable to feed the
single stereo mixer output.
TONE CONTROLS
A tone control block is included in both of the two input channels.
Each of the filters (bass or treble) is implemented with a firstorder (6dB/octave) roll-off, using programmable corner
frequency and a boost or attenuating gain. The signal flow
processing automatically provides a smooth transition between
tone control changes.
The audio processing, signal flow, and system definition is
defined by the D2-45057, D2-45157 device internal ROM
firmware, and executed by the DSP. This firmware defines the
audio flow architecture, which includes the audio processing
blocks. Each of these blocks are programmable, allowing for
adjustment of their audio-controlling parameters. The signal flow
and audio processing blocks are shown in Figure 18. This
architecture includes audio processing functions of:
• Input Selection
• Mixers
• Input Compressors and Output Limiters
• Tone Controls
• 5-Band and 3-Band Parametric Equalizers
• Router
• High/Low-Pass Crossover Filters
• Volume and Output Level Controls
• Loudness Contour
Enhancement audio processing is also used. Depending on which
device, (D2-45057 or D2-45157) either the D2Audio
SoundSuite™ or DTS®(SRS) WOW/HD™ algorithms are included.
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Input Select
S/PDIF
Digital Input
S/PDIF
SRC
I2S
Digital Input
2
Compressor 1
2x2
Mixer
Compressor 2
DIGITAL
Licensed
Audio
Processing
Algorithm
*(See Note)
Tone 1
5 Band EQ 1
Speaker EQ 1
Tone 2
5 Band EQ 2
Speaker EQ 2
1
2
4x4
Router 3
27
4
* NOTE:
Device-dependent licensed audio processing algorithm supporting
D2Audio SoundSuite™, or SRS WOW/HD®. Refer to device ordering
information for part number specifying each algorithm.
5
2x1
Mixer
2
3
4
5
HP 1
LP 1
3 Band EQ 1
Loudness 1
Limiter 1
Volume 1
HP 2
LP 2
3 Band EQ 1
Loudness 2
Limiter 2
Volume 2
Loudness 3
Limiter 3
Volume 3
Loudness 4
Limiter 4
Volume 4
Loudness 5
Limiter 5
Volume 5
HP 3
LP 3
3 Band EQ 1
HP 4
LP 4
3 Band EQ 1
HP 5
LP 5
Master
Volume
Control
Output A
PWM
Channel
Driver
Mapping
Output B
Output C
Configuration Settings
Output stage channel assignment and amplifier topology is programmed with
configuration pin settings. Four output modes are available with combinations
of 4- and 2-quadrant full bridge, and half bridge operation for outputs A-D.
Line and subwoofer output channel assignment is also established by output
mode configuration settings.
Output D
Left Line Out
Right Line Out
Sub Line Out
FIGURE 18. D2-45057, D2-45157 AUDIO SIGNAL FLOW
D2-45057, D2-45157
Crossovers
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D2-45057, D2-45157
COMPRESSORS AND LIMITERS
LOUDNESS CONTOUR
Two individual input compressors are included in the input audio
path, one for each of the two input channels. Five output limiters
are also included in the five output path channels. The
Compressor and Limiter blocks operate identically, and their
parameter settings allow independent control of the audio
signals. Typically, the input path blocks are programmed to
provide a compression function, and the output path blocks are
programmed to limit output signal levels. But each can be
programmed as needed. Each Compressor/Limiter has
configurable Compression Ratio, Threshold, Attack and Release
Time, as well as Makeup Gain.
An individual software-controlled Loudness Contour is included
for each of the 5 amplifier output channels. The Loudness
Contour curve is customized to allow for dynamically and
automatically enhancing the frequency response of the audio
program material relative to the Master Volume Level setting.
The Loudness Contour models the frequency response correction
as defined by the Fletcher/Munson audio response curve. It
provides for amplitude or volume changes to those signals to
which the ear does not respond equally at very low listening
levels.
MULTI-BAND EQUALIZERS
The D2Audio SoundSuite™ audio processing provides a full set of
enhancements to audio that greatly add to the quality and
listening experience of sound in wide scopes of consumer
devices. The D2Audio SoundSuite™ algorithms use
psycho-acoustic processing that create a rich-sounding
environment from small speakers, and synthesizes the sound
and quality equivalent to more complex systems. It is especially
suited to consumer products that include televisions, docking
stations, and mini hi-fi stereo products.
Three sets of Multi-Band Parametric Equalizers are included in
the audio signal processing path. Each band of the equalizers
provides for independent gain, frequency, and Q-factor
programming.
A 5-Band Equalizer and a Speaker Equalizers (SEQ) are included
in both of the two input channels. Four 3-Band Equalizers are
also located in the four output channels.
STEREO ROUTER
SOUNDSUITE™ PROCESSING
SoundSuite Processing Includes:
A 4x4 stereo router is used to assign any one of the 4 input
channel paths to each of the 4 output paths. The router performs
path assignment only. It does not have provision for gain or
signal level adjustment.
HIGH/LOW-PASS CROSSOVER FILTERS
High-Pass and Low-Pass filter blocks are provided for each of the
5 output channels downstream of the Router and Stereo Mixer.
These provide a flexible Crossover function for all the output
channels, including provision for defining the subwoofer
channel’s frequency response.
The High and Low Pass blocks operate together, and are
implemented as a total of 4 cascaded elements, with 2 each of
the elements allocated for High Pass, and the other 2 elements
allocated for Low Pass functionality. Complete flexibility allows
each element to be optionally defined for either High or Low
Pass. Each element is selectable for a slope of 6, 12, 18, or
24dB, or may be or bypassed. Three filter types of Butterworth,
Bessel, or Linkwitz-Riley implementations can also be chosen.
• D2Audio™ WideSound™
- An advanced Two-Channel Image Field Enhancement
• D2Audio™ DeepBass™
- A sophisticated bass enhancement using psycho-acoustics
and Dynamic Filtering
• D2Audio™ AudioAlign™
- Sound Positioning and Alignment to the Video Display
• D2Audio™ ClearVoice™
- Enhancement of Vocal Clarity
The D2Audio SoundSuite™ algorithms are completely included
within the D2-41051 DAE-4 devices.
MASTER VOLUME CONTROL
A software-controlled Master Volume control is used to adjust the
global volume for all 5 output channels. Master Volume operates
a continuously adjustable attenuator, from unity gain, down to
-100dB and cutoff.
Each of the 5 output channels have their own dedicated output
level adjustments, providing individual channel gain or
attenuation after the output limiter stages. Settings provide
output level adjustment from +12dB to -100dB.
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D2-45057, D2-45157
Revision History
The revision history provided is for informational purposes only and is believed to be accurate, but not warranted.
Please go to web to make sure you have the latest Rev.
DATE
REVISION
CHANGE
May 5, 2016
FN6785.1
Updated entire datasheet applying Intersil’s new standards.
Updated the Ordering Information table on page 2.
Replaced Products verbiage to About Intersil verbiage.
Added DTS disclaimer.
July 29, 2010
FN6785.0
Initial Release
About Intersil
Intersil Corporation is a leading provider of innovative power management and precision analog solutions. The company's products
address some of the largest markets within the industrial and infrastructure, mobile computing and high-end consumer markets.
For the most updated datasheet, application notes, related documentation and related parts, please see the respective product
information page found at www.intersil.com.
You may report errors or suggestions for improving this datasheet by visiting www.intersil.com/ask.
Reliability reports are also available from our website at www.intersil.com/support.
Disclaimer for DTS®(SRS) Technology License Required Notice:
NOTICE OF LICENSE REQUIREMENT: Supply of this implementation of DTS technology to DTS Product Licensees directly or through a
distributor does not incur a royalty payment or convey a license, exhaust DTS’ rights in the implementation, or imply a right under any
patent or any other industrial or intellectual property right of DTS to use, offer for sale, sell, or import such implementation in any
finished end-user or ready-to-use final product. A license from and royalty payment to DTS is required prior to and for such use.
For additional products, see www.intersil.com/en/products.html
Intersil products are manufactured, assembled and tested utilizing ISO9001 quality systems as noted
in the quality certifications found at www.intersil.com/en/support/qualandreliability.html
Intersil products are sold by description only. Intersil Corporation reserves the right to make changes in circuit design, software and/or specifications at any time
without notice. Accordingly, the reader is cautioned to verify that data sheets are current before placing orders. Information furnished by Intersil is believed to be
accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Intersil or its subsidiaries for its use; nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third
parties which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Intersil or its subsidiaries.
For information regarding Intersil Corporation and its products, see www.intersil.com
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D2-45057, D2-45157
Package Outline Drawing
L68.10x10C
68 LEAD QUAD FLAT NO-LEAD PLASTIC PACKAGE
Rev 0, 04/09
10.00
A
B
4 X 8.00
51
6
6
PIN #1
INDEX AREA
68
52
1
PIN 1
INDEX AREA
10.00
(4X)
EXPOSED
PAD
7.70
64 X 0.50
0.15
68 X 0.25
68 X 0.55 ±0.10
TOP VIEW
BOTTOM VIEW
PACKAGE OUTLINE
SEE DETAIL “X”
1.00 MAX
0.10 C
64 X 0.50
0.08 C
SEATING PLANE
MIN 0.00
MAX 0.05
7.70
C
68 X 0.25
10.00
SIDE VIEW
68 X 0.20
C
68 X 0.55
0 . 2 REF
5
0 . 00 MIN.
0 . 05 MAX.
DETAIL "X"
TYPICAL RECOMMENDED LAND PATTERN
NOTES:
1.
Dimensions are in millimeters.
Dimensions in ( ) for Reference Only.
2.
Dimensioning and tolerancing conform to AMSE Y14.5m-1994.
3.
Unless otherwise specified, tolerance : Decimal ± 0.05
4.
Dimension b applies to the metallized terminal and is measured
between 0.23mm and 0.28mm from the terminal tip.
5.
Tiebar shown (if present) is a non-functional feature.
6.
The configuration of the pin #1 identifier is optional, but must be
located within the zone indicated. The pin #1 indentifier may be
either a mold or mark feature.
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