AN18.25 Introduction to USB Power Delivery Applications Author: Andrew Rogers Microchip Technology INTRODUCTION This document is designed for systems and hardware engineers seeking the information necessary to begin to integrating USB Power Delivery (under Power Delivery Specification Rev 1.0) into their designs using the Microchip UPD1001 or UPD1002 USB Power Delivery Controllers. This document includes the following topics: • Introduction to USB Power Delivery on page 2 - USB Power Delivery concepts are discussed at a high level. This information is not specific to the UPD1001 or UPD1002 USB Power Delivery Controllers. • Provider-Only Applications on page 7 - Provider-Only applications are discussed and a behavioral description of the UPD1001/UPD1002 operating as a Provider-Only is described. • Consumer/Provider on page 10 - Provider/Consumer dual-role applications are discussed and a behavioral description of the UPD1001/UPD1002 operating as a Provider/Consumer is described. • Provider/Consumer on page 14 - Consumer/Provider dual-role applications are discussed and a behavioral description of the UPD1001/UPD1002 operating as a Consumer/Provider is described. References The following documents should be referenced when using this application note. See your Microchip representative for availability. • USB Power Delivery Specification Rev 1.0, Version 1.3 • UPD1001 Datasheet • UPD1002 Datasheet 2014 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001825A-page 1 AN18.25 1.0 INTRODUCTION TO USB POWER DELIVERY In classical USB hardware design, the Host is typically responsible for providing 5V on VBUS to an attached Device. With the introduction of USB Power Delivery, this is no longer always the case.The USB Power Delivery specification introduces several new concepts that must be well understood prior to any new product or hardware design. USB Power Delivery introduces two new roles that redefine how power is sourced and consumed in a USB system. These two new roles are Providers, and Consumers. A USB Power Delivery Provider is any device that sources 5V to 20V of voltage and up to 5A of current on VBUS. A USB Power Delivery Consumer is any device that sinks 5V to 20V of voltage and up to 5A of current from VBUS. 1.1 USB Power Delivery Terms • Provider: A USB host or device that is always responsible for sourcing voltage to VBUS. All Providers must source 5V to VBUS by default; Providers may optionally support sourcing of VBUS at elevated voltage levels. • Consumer: A USB host or device that always sinks voltage from VBUS. Consumers may never source voltage to VBUS. At minimum, Consumers must be able operate and perform Power Delivery communication from 5V on VBUS. Consumers may optionally support sinking of VBUS at elevated voltage levels. • Provider/Consumer: A USB host or device that is a USB Power Delivery Provider by default, but is capable of switching roles to a Consumer if attached to a Consumer/Provider with matching capabilities. Role swapping may only occur if a Provider/Consumer is connected to a Consumer/Provider, and both devices agree to a role swap request (either side is allowed to initiate the role swap request). • Consumer/Provider: A USB host or device that is a USB Power Delivery Consumer by default, but is capable of switching roles to a Provider if attached to a Provider/Consumer with matching capabilities. Role swapping may only occur if a Consumer/Provider is connected to a Provider/Consumer, and both devices agree to a role swap request (either side is allowed to initiate the role swap request). • Source Capabilities: A list of all of the voltage and current capabilities that a Provider is capable of supplying to a Consumer. For example, a “Profile 4” Provider (see the USB Power Delivery specification) is capable of providing 5V@2A, 12V@3A, or 20V@3A. • Sink Capabilities: A list of all of the voltage and current capabilities that a Consumer is capable of operating under. 1.2 Connecting USB Power Delivery Devices In order to maintain a positive user experience, there are some general rules for how Providers and Consumers should be connected to each other. These rules can prevent a user from connecting two Providers together for example. The use of A to A connectors is not recommended because of these concerns. Consumer-Only devices never source voltage to VBUS and therefore must have either a PD compatible standard B, micro AB, or micro B connector. They may connect and receive power from either a Provider-Only or a Provider/Consumer. The UPD1001 and UPD1002 devices do not offer Consumer-Only profiles. CONSUMER-ONLY POWER DELIVERY PARTNERS TYPE B CONSUMER-ONLY TYPE A FIGURE 1: PROVIDER-ONLY TYPE A Note: PROVIDER/CONSUMER OR CURRENT Provider-Only devices source 5V any time a USB cable is inserted into the receptacle. Therefore, a Provider-Only must have a PD compatible standard A connector. Provider-Only devices may connect and source power to either a Consumer-Only or a Consumer/Provider. DS00001825A-page 2 2014 Microchip Technology Inc. AN18.25 TYPE A PROVIDER-ONLY TYPE B PROVIDER-ONLY POWER DELIVERY PARTNERS CONSUMER-ONLY TYPE B FIGURE 2: CONSUMER/PROVIDER OR CURRENT A Consumer/Provider device is a Consumer by default and will not source voltage to VBUS unless it changes roles following a USB Power Delivery role swap negotiation. Therefore, it must have either a PD compatible standard B, micro AB, or micro B connector. Consumer/Provider devices may connect and sink power from either a Provider-Only or a Provider/Consumer. A Consumer/Provider may only switch roles if connected to a Provider/Consumer and a role swap negotiation is successfully completed. TYPE B CONSUMER/PROVIDER TYPE A CONSUMER/PROVIDER POWER DELIVERY PARTNERS PROVIDER-ONLY TYPE A FIGURE 3: PROVIDER/CONSUMER CURRENT TYPE B CONSUMER/PROVIDER MAY “ROLE SWAP” CURRENT A Provider/Consumer device is a Provider by default and will source 5V any time a USB cable is inserted into the receptacle. Therefore, a Provider-Only must have a PD compatible standard A connector. Provider/Consumer devices may connect and source power to either a Consumer-Only or a Consumer/Provider. A Provider/Consumer may only switch roles if connected to a Consumer/Provider and a role swap negotiation is successfully completed. TYPE B PROVIDER/CONSUMER TYPE A PROVIDER/CONSUMER POWER DELIVERY PORT PARTNERS CONSUMER-ONLY TYPE A FIGURE 4: CONSUMER/PROVIDER CURRENT TYPE B PROVIDER/CONSUMER MAY “ROLE SWAP” CURRENT 2014 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001825A-page 3 AN18.25 1.3 USB Power Delivery Communication Frequency Shift Key (FSK) modulation coupled onto the VBUS wire is the method in which communication between USB Power Delivery devices communicate. No additional pins are required for USB Power Delivery communication to take place. Therefore, all standard USB cables are capable of USB Power Delivery communication (although USB Power Delivery compatible cables and receptacles are required in order to negotiate to power levels above those defined in the standard USB 2.0 and 3.0 specifications) While the consolidation of USB data and up to 100W of power is one of the primary advantages of USB Power Delivery, USB data is not a requirement for USB Power Delivery Applications.USB Power Delivery operation occurs completely independent from USB data. 1.3.1 STANDARD USB POWER DELIVERY NEGOTIATION A USB Power Delivery Provider constantly advertises its Source Capabilities over FSK communication when in its powered on state until a request is made from an attached Consumer. A USB Power Delivery Consumer actively listens for Source Capability messages over FSK communication when in its powered on state and will make a request to an attached Provider if there is a match in capabilities. Figure 5 shows a typical USB Power Delivery contract negotiation between a Provider and a Consumer over FSK communication. FIGURE 5: TYPICAL POWER DELIVERY CONTRACT NEGOTIATION USB PD PROVIDER USB PD PROVIDER ADVERTISES SOURCE CAPABILITIES REQUESTS SOURCE CAPABILITY ACKNOWLEDGES REQUEST USB PD CONSUMER USB PD PROVIDER SENDS POWER SUPPLY READY MESSAGE USB PD CONSUMER USB PD PROVIDER USB PD PROVIDER USB PD PROVIDER .. .. . 1.3.2 USB PD CONSUMER PING MESSAGE USB PD CONSUMER CRC REPLY PING MESSAGE USB PD CONSUMER CRC REPLY PING MESSAGE CRC REPLY USB PD CONSUMER .. . SPECIAL CASE: USB POWER DELIVERY NEGOTIATION WITH ROLE SWAP If a Provider/Consumer and a Consumer/Provider with matching capabilities are connected and all application specific conditions are met, a role swap may occur. The decision to request a role swap or accept a role swap request is application specific. For example, a Provider/Consumer acting as a Provider may only request a role swap to become a Consumer if it has detected that it’s external power supply (an AC Adapter) is not connected and if the attached Consumer/ Provider is capable of sourcing a satisfactory voltage and current level. Figure 6 shows how a USB Power Delivery contract negotiation and role swap may occur between a Provider/Consumer and a Consumer/Provider over FSK communication. DS00001825A-page 4 2014 Microchip Technology Inc. AN18.25 FIGURE 6: POWER DELIVERY CONTRACT NEGOTIATION AND ROLE SWAP USB PD PROVIDER/CONSUMER CURRENT ROLE: PROVIDER USB PD PROVIDER/CONSUMER CURRENT ROLE: PROVIDER USB PD PROVIDER/CONSUMER CURRENT ROLE: PROVIDER USB PD PROVIDER/CONSUMER CURRENT ROLE: PROVIDER USB PD PROVIDER/CONSUMER CURRENT ROLE: PROVIDER USB PD PROVIDER/CONSUMER CURRENT ROLE: CONSUMER USB PD PROVIDER/CONSUMER ADVERTISES SOURCE CAPABILITIES REQUESTS DESIRED SOURCE CAPABILITY ACKNOWLEDGES REQUEST SENDS POWER SUPPLY READY MESSAGE CURRENT ROLE: CONSUMER USB PD PROVIDER/CONSUMER CURRENT ROLE: CONSUMER 2014 Microchip Technology Inc. USB PD CONSUMER/PROVIDER USB PD CONSUMER/PROVIDER CURRENT ROLE: CONSUMER REQUESTS TO SEE SOURCE CAPABILITIES ADVERTISES SOURCE CAPABILITIES REQUESTS TO ROLE SWAP ACCEPTS ROLE SWAP REQUESTS DESIRED SOURCE CAPABILITIES ACKNOWLEDGES REQUEST SENDS POWER SUPPLY READY MESSAGE CURRENT ROLE: CONSUMER USB PD PROVIDER/CONSUMER CURRENT ROLE: CONSUMER CURRENT ROLE: CONSUMER CURRENT ROLE: CONSUMER USB PD PROVIDER/CONSUMER USB PD CONSUMER/PROVIDER USB PD CONSUMER/PROVIDER CURRENT ROLE: CONSUMER USB PD CONSUMER/PROVIDER CURRENT ROLE: PROVIDER USB PD CONSUMER/PROVIDER CURRENT ROLE: PROVIDER USB PD CONSUMER/PROVIDER CURRENT ROLE: PROVIDER USB PD CONSUMER/PROVIDER PING MESSAGE CRC REPLY PING MESSAGE CRC REPLY CURRENT ROLE: PROVIDER USB PD CONSUMER/PROVIDER CURRENT ROLE: PROVIDER .. . DS00001825A-page 5 AN18.25 1.4 USB Power Delivery Cables and Receptacles USB Power Delivery compatible cables and receptacles are required with any application that sources or sinks power above 5V at 1.5A. Power Delivery Compatible cables and receptacles have additional pins and physical features that differentiate them from standard USB cables and receptacles. TABLE 1: ADDITIONAL FEATURES OF USB POWER DELIVERY CABLES AND RECEPTACLES Type Cable Plug Cable Receptacle A Elongated Shield: A USB PD Compatible cable plug has a shield that is longer than a standard legacy type A cable plug. INSERTION_DETECT pins: These pins make contact with the shield of any USB type A cable plug (legacy or PD compatible) when inserted into the receptacle. PD_DETECT pins: These pins are located in the far back of the receptacle and will only make contact with the elongated shield of a USB PD Compatible type A cable plug when inserted into the receptacle. When used with the INSERTION_DETECT pins, the USB Power Delivery controller can detect when a cable is inserted into the receptacle, and if that cable is UBS Power Delivery compatible. B Internal Cable Marker: An internal capacitive cable marker indicates the capabilities of the cable to the host. • A 0.1μF capacitor connected from the PD_ID pin to GND indicates up to 3A capability. • A 0.1μF capacitor connected from the PD_ID pin to VBUS indicates up to 5A capability. PD_ID Pin: The PD_ID pin connects the internal cable marker to the USB Power Delivery controller. The USB Power Delivery controller can sample this pin to determine the current capability rating of an inserted cable. micro B or micro AB Internal Cable Marker: An internal capacitive cable marker indicates the capabilities of the cable to the host. • A 0.1μF capacitor connected from the PD_ID pin to GND indicates up to 3A capability. No additional features DS00001825A-page 6 2014 Microchip Technology Inc. AN18.25 2.0 PROVIDER-ONLY APPLICATIONS The UPD1001 and UPD1002 both offer several Provider-only profiles. See the UPD1001 and UPD1002 datasheets for complete lists of these Provider-only profiles and their source capabilities. 2.1 Provider-Only BOM Requirements Table 2 describes the external devices that are required for a Provider-Only application using the UPD1001 or UPD1002 USB power delivery controller. TABLE 2: PROVIDER-ONLY APPLICATION BOM DESCRIPTION Components Description UPD1002 USB Power Delivery Controller USB Receptacle USB Power Delivery Compatible Standard A receptacle SPI EEPROM A SPI Flash with at least 64kB of memory capable of dual bit reads at 48MHz. CFG_SEL Resistors and Capacitors One 1% tolerance resistor and one 10% tolerance capacitor must be connected to each CFG_SEL pin to select the desired profile. PD_DATA filter A 100nH inductor in series with a 100pF capacitor must be inserted between the PD_DATA pin on the UPD1002 and the VBUS pin on the USB receptacle. VMON Voltage Divider The voltage on VBUS must be divided by a factor of 8 before being connected to the VMON pin. We recommend a 35.7kΩ over 5.1kΩ at 1% tolerance. Isolation Inductor A 1uH inductor with less than or equal to 10mΩ ESR and an I_DCSAT rating of greater than or equal to the maximum current of the highest PD profile is recommended. Power Delivery Regulator Power Regulator Controlled by PD_EN_N/PD_EN and the VSELx_N pins. Current Sense IC (Optional) Current sense IC connected to IMON pin. Must be calibrated to 0.5V per 1A of current on VBUS (3V=6A). Battery Charging Emulation IC (Optional) BC1.2 IC that connects to DP/DM of the USB receptacle to emulate battery charging handshake. IC enabled by assertion of CHG_EMU_EN pin. Overcurrent / Overvoltage Circuitry (Optional) Application-specific overcurrent and overvoltage protection circuitry may be added and connected to the “FAULT_IN_N” open-drain input. The UPD1002 Firmware must be loaded onto this SPI Flash Device. 2014 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001825A-page 7 AN18.25 2.1.1 PROVIDER-ONLY SYSTEM BLOCK DIAGRAM Figure 7 illustrates a high-level block diagram of a UPD1002 Consumer-Only application. Note that components with dashed outlines are optional. FIGURE 7: PROVIDER-ONLY SYSTEM BLOCK DIAGRAM (Optional) UPD1001/ UPD1002 BC1.2 Controller To SOC DP/DM Type “A” Receptacle CHG_EMU_EN SPI Flash VDDIO PD_DETECT/ INSERTION_DETECT PD_DATA Filter PD_DATA VMON Voltage Divider IMON Current Sense CFG_SEL0 Configuration Selection Isolation Inductor (Optional) CFG_SEL1 (Optional) 5.0V To SOC VTR/ VBUS RESET_N FAULT_N TEST FAULT_IN_N OC/OV Circuits 5V / 9V / 12V / 16V / 20V VBUS_DISCHARGE PD_EN/ PD_EN_N VSELx_N Power Delivery Regulator DC Power IN 2.2 UPD1002 Provider-Only Behavioral State Machine A UPD1001/UPD1002 configured as a Provider-Only has three primary states and one transitional state. Provider-Only Primary States: • Provider Wait: After start-up, a Provider will standby in the Provider Wait state until a USB cable is inserted into the USB receptacle (INSERTION_DETECT pin pulled low). • Provider Legacy Device: While in the Provider Legacy Device state, the UPD1001 will assert VSEL0_N to select 5V and assert PD_EN_N/PD_EN to enable the VBUS voltage supply. While in this state, a Provider will continuously advertise its Source Capabilities. The Source Capabilities may differ depending on the state of the PD_DETECT pins. When a PD compatible USB cable is not detected, the UPD1001/UPD1002 will only advertise a [email protected] capability. When a PD compatible device is detected (PD_DETECT pin pulled low due to insertion of PD compatible USB cable), all Source Capabilities for the selected profile will be advertised. • Provider PD Device: After a Consumer device is attached to a Provider it will detect the advertised Source Capabilities. If the Consumer can operate from one of these capabilities, it will make a request to the Provider. The Provider will accept the request and alter the state of its VSELx_N pins and monitor VMON to ensure that the voltage transition to the negotiated level is successful. Continuous communication with the attached Consumer is maintained in the form of “ping” messages while in this state. The UPD1001/UPD1002 will return to the Provider Wait state if communication with the attached Provider is lost or if a RESET command is received. Provider-Only Intermediate State: DS00001825A-page 8 2014 Microchip Technology Inc. AN18.25 • Start-Up: During the Start-Up state, the UPD1001/UPD1002 samples the CFG_SEL0 and CFG_SEL1 pins to determine which profile to load. FIGURE 8: UPD1001/UPD1002 PROVIDER-ONLY STATE MACHINE DIAGRAM OFF HARD RESET START-UP PROFILE LOADED PROVIDER WAIT SOFT RESET OR LOST COMMUNICATION PLUG REMOVAL DETECTED PLUG INSERTION DETECTED PROVIDER LEGACY DEVICE OUTPUT 5V ON VBUS IF PD_DETECT = HIGH IF PD_DETECT = LOW ADVERTISE 5V @ 1.5A CAPABILITY ADVERTISE ALL SOURCE CAPABILITIES SOURCE CAPABILITY REQUESTED PROVIDER PD DEVICE OUTPUT NEGOTIATED VOLTAGE ON VBUS 2014 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001825A-page 9 AN18.25 3.0 CONSUMER/PROVIDER The UPD1001 and UPD1002 both offer several Consumer/Provider profiles. See the UPD1001 and UPD1002 datasheets for complete lists of these Provider-only profiles and their source capabilities. 3.1 Consumer/Provider BOM Requirements Table 3 describes the external devices that are required for a Consumer/Provider application using the UPD1001 or UPD1002 USB power delivery controller. TABLE 3: CONSUMER/PROVIDER APPLICATION BOM DESCRIPTION Components Description UPD1002 USB Power Delivery Controller USB Receptacle USB Power Delivery Compatible Standard B or microAB receptacle. SPI EEPROM A SPI Flash with at least 64kB of memory capable of dual bit reads at 48MHz. CFG_SEL Resistors and Capacitors One 1% tolerance resistor and one 10% tolerance capacitor must be connected to each CFG_SEL pin to select the desired profile. PD_DATA filter A 100nH inductor in series with a 100pF capacitor must be inserted between the PD_DATA pin on the UPD1002 and the VBUS pin on the USB receptacle. VMON Voltage Divider The voltage on VBUS must be divided by a factor of 8 before being connected to the VMON pin. We recommend a 35.7kΩ over 5.1kΩ at 1% tolerance. Isolation Inductor A 1uH inductor with less than or equal to 10 mΩ ESR and an I_DCSAT rating of greater than or equal to the maximum current of the highest PD profile is recommended. Power Delivery Regulator Power Regulator Controlled by PD_EN_N/PD_EN and the VSELx_N pins. Dead Battery Supply A current limited 5V dead battery supply is required for dead battery operation. See Section 5.1 “Dead Battery Supply” for more detail. Current Sense IC (Optional) Current sense IC connected to IMON pin. Must be calibrated to 0.5V per 1A of current on VBUS (3V=6A). Note: Current is only monitored on the IMON pin while acting as a Provider. Overcurrent / Overvoltage Circuitry (Optional) Application-specific overcurrent and overvoltage protection circuitry may be added and connected to the “FAULT_IN_N” open-drain input. The UPD1002 Firmware must be loaded onto this SPI Flash Device. DS00001825A-page 10 2014 Microchip Technology Inc. AN18.25 3.2 Consumer/Provider System block diagram Figure 9 illustrates a high-level block diagram of a UPD1002 Consumer-Only application. Note that components with dashed outlines are optional. FIGURE 9: CONSUMER/PROVIDER SYSTEM BLOCK DIAGRAM UPD1001/ UPD1002 DP/DM To SOC PD_ID Type “B” or “μAB” Receptacle PD_DATA Filter SPI Flash VDDIO PD_DATA VMON Voltage Divider Isolation Inductor (Optional) CFG_SEL0 Configuration Selection IMON 5V / 9V / 12V / 16V / 20V (Optional) CFG_SEL1 FAULT_IN_N 5.0V To SOC Current Sense VTR/ VBUS RESET_N FAULT_N PD_GOOD TEST OC/OV Circuits VBUS_DISCHARGE VSAFEDB_EN PD_EN/ PD_EN_N VSELx_N 5V DB Supply Power Delivery Regulator DC Power IN 3.3 UPD1001/UPD1002 Consumer/Provider Behavioral State Machine A UPD1001/UPD1002 configured as a Consumer/Provider has three primary states and five transitional states. Consumer/Provider Primary States: • Consumer Wait: After start-up, a UPD1001/UPD1002 Consumer/Provider will standby in a low power state until Source Capabilities messages from an attached Provider are detected on the PD_DATA pin. A Consumer/Provider will transition into the Dead Battery state approximately every 3 seconds if there is no detected communication on PD_DATA. • Active Consumer: A UPD1001/UPD1002 Consumer/Provider enters the Active Consumer state after a power negotiation with a Provider is successfully completed. When entering the Active Consumer state the UPD1001/ UPD1002 monitors the VMON pin to verify that the voltage on VBUS has transitioned to the expected level. The PD_GOOD signal is then asserted to signal to the SoC that Power Delivery contract has been established. Continuous communication with the attached Provider is maintained in the form of “ping” messages while in this state. The UPD1001/UPD1002 will return to the Consumer Wait state if communication with the attached Provider is lost or if a RESET command is received. • Provider PD Device: A Consumer/Provider will transtion to the Provider PD Device state after a contract has been negotiated with an attached Provider/Consumer. The power delivery contract may be established after a role swap request from an attached Provider/Consumer, or after communication is established with an unpowered Consumer-Only or Provider/Consumer device after Dead Battery operation. Continuous communication with the 2014 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001825A-page 11 AN18.25 attached Consumer is maintained while in this state. The Provider/Consumer will return to the Provider Wait state if communication with the attached Provider is lost or if a RESET command is received. Provider-Only Intermediate State: • Start-Up: During the Start-Up state, the UPD1001/UPD1002 samples the CFG_SEL0 and CFG_SEL1 pins to determine which profile to load. • Cable Detect: After Source Capabilities messages are received from an attached Provider, the UPD1001/ UPD1002 samples the PD_ID pin to determine the current capabilities of the USB cable (Legacy, 3A, or 5A). • Request Power PDO: The UPD1002 determines the most preferred Source Capability after determining the maximum current capability of the USB cable. A request for this Source Capability then is sent to the attached Provider. • Send Source Capabilities: After a contract has been negotiated with a Provider/Consumer, the attached Provider/ Consumer may request source capabilities from the Consumer/Provider. If the source capabilities of the Consumer/Provider match the needs to the Provider/Consumer, it will request a role swap and negotiate a power delivery contract. The Consumer/Provider will assert PD_EN/PD_EN_N and appropriately assert the VSELx_N pins to supply the negotiated voltage to VBUS. Once the voltage transition to the negotiated voltage level has been verified by the VMON pin, the Consumer/Provider will then transition to the Provider PD Device. • Dead Battery: Dead Battery operation is unique to a Consumer/Provider and occurs approximately every 3 seconds when no USB Power Delivery contract has been established. While in the Dead Battery state the Consumer/ Provider will assert VSAFEDB_EN to enable a current-limited (to minimize the risk of back-drive) 5V supply. If no power delivery port partner is attached, no response will detected on PD_DATA. If a power delivery partner with a dead battery is attached to the Consumer/Provider, it will be temporarily powered by the 5V supply and begin sending a bit-stream on VBUS. After the bit-stream is detected by the Consumer/Provider it will advertise it’s source capabilities. If a source capability is requested by the attached power delivery partner, the Consumer/Provider will assert PD_EN/PD_EN_N and appropriately assert the VSELx_N pins to supply the negotiated voltage to VBUS. Once the voltage transition to the negotiated voltage level has been verified by the VMON pin, the Consumer/Provider will then transition to the Provider PD Device state. DS00001825A-page 12 2014 Microchip Technology Inc. AN18.25 FIGURE 10: UPD1002 CONSUMER/PROVIDER STATE MACHINE DIAGRAM OFF HARD RESET START-UP PROFILE LOADED CONSUMER WAIT SOURCE CAPABILITIES RECEIVED SOFT RESET OR LOST COMMUNICATION ~3SEC IDLE CABLE DETECT PD_ID SAMPLED NO RESPONSE DEAD BATTERY BIT-STREAM RESPONSE OUTPUT NEGOTIATED VOLTAGE ON VBUS REQ. POWER PDO SOURCE CAP REQUEST ACCEPTED RECEIVE SOURCE CAPABILITY REQUEST NEGOTIATED POWER RECEIVED ACTIVE CONSUMER PROVIDER PD DEVICE RECEIVE ROLE SWAP REQUEST & ACCEPT SEND SOURCE CAPS ASSERT “PD_GOOD” 2014 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001825A-page 13 AN18.25 4.0 PROVIDER/CONSUMER The UPD1002 offers several Provider/Consumer profiles. See the UPD1002 datasheet for a complete list of these Provider/Consumer profiles and their source and sink capabilities. 4.1 Provider/Consumer BOM Requirements Table 4 describes the external devices that are required for a Provider/Consumer application using the UPD1002 USB power delivery controller. TABLE 4: PROVIDER/CONSUMER APPLICATION BOM DESCRIPTION Components Description UPD1002 USB Power Delivery Controller USB Receptacle USB Power Delivery Compatible Standard A receptacle SPI EEPROM A SPI Flash with at least 64kB of memory capable of dual bit reads at 48MHz. CFG_SEL Resistors and Capacitors One 1% tolerance resistor and one 10% tolerance capacitor must be connected to each CFG_SEL pin to select the desired profile. PD_DATA filter A 100nH inductor in seriers with a 100pF capacitor must be connected directly to VBUS. VMON Voltage Divider The voltage on VBUS must be divided by a factor of 8 before being connected to the VMON pin. We recommend a 35.7kΩ over 5.1kΩ at 1% tolerance. 5V Regulator 5V regulator for powering the UPD1002 from system power Isolation Inductor A 1uH inductor with less than or equal to 10 mΩ ESR and an I_DCSAT rating of greater than or equal to the maximum current of the highest PD profile is recommended. The UPD1002 Firmware must be loaded onto this SPI Flash Device. Power Delivery Regulator Power Regulator Controlled by PD_EN_N/PD_EN and the VSELx_N pins. 5V Dead Battery Regulator A 5V regulator connected to the VBUS pin is required to power the UPD part under a dead battery condition. Current Sense IC (Optional) Current sense IC connected to IMON pin. Must be calibrated to 0.5V per 1A of current on VBUS (3V=6A). Note: Current is only monitored on the IMON pin while acting as a Provider. Overcurrent / Overvoltage Circuitry (Optional) Application-specific overcurrent and overvoltage protection circuitry may be added and connected to the “FAULT_IN_N” open-drain input. DS00001825A-page 14 2014 Microchip Technology Inc. AN18.25 4.2 UPD1001/UPD1002 Provider/Consumer System block diagram UPD1002 DP/DM To SOC PD_DETECT/ INSERTON_DETECT SPI Flash VDDIO Type “A” Receptacle PD_DATA Filter PD_DATA VMON Voltage Divider Isolation Inductor (Optional) CFG_SEL0 Configuration Selection IMON Current Sense (Optional) CFG_SEL1 OC/OV Circuits FAULT_IN_N 5.0V VTR VBUS To SOC RESET_N FAULT_N PD_GOOD TEST 5.0V 5V / 9V / 12V / 16V / 20V 5V DB Reg PD_GOOD VBUS_DISCHARGE PPC_EN 5V Port Power Controller To Board Power DC Power IN 4.3 UPD1002 Provider/Consumer Behavioral State Machine A UPD1002 configured as a Provider/Consumer has four primary states and three transitional states. Provider/Consumer Primary States: • Provider Wait: After start-up, a UPD1002 Provider/Consumer will standby in the “Provider Wait” state until a USB cable is inserted into the USB receptacle (INSERTION_DETECT pin pulled low). • Provider Legacy Device: While in the “Provider Legacy Device” state, a UPD1002 Provider/Consumer will assert VSEL0_N to select 5V and assert PPC_EN to enable the output of a 5V port power controller. During this state, a Provider/Consumer will continuously advertise its Source Capabilities. The Source Capabilities may differ depending on the state of the PD_DETECT pins. When a PD compatible USB cable is not detected, a Provider/Consumer will only advertise a [email protected] capability. When a PD compatible device is detected (PD_DETECT pin pulled low due to insertion of PD compatible USB cable), all Source Capabilities for the selected profile will be advertised. • Provider PD Device: After a Consumer device is attached to a UPD1002 Provider/Consumer it will detect the advertised Source Capabilities. If the Consumer can operate from one of these capabilities, it will make a request to the Provider/Consumer. The Provider/Consumer will accept the request and alter the state of its VSELx_N pins and monitor VMON to ensure that the voltage transition to the negotiated level is successful. Continuous communication with the attached Consumer is maintained while in this state. The Provider/Consumer will return to the Provider Wait state if communication with the attached Provider is lost or if a RESET command is received. • Active Consumer: A UPD1002 Provider/Consumer enters the “Active Consumer” state after a power negotiation with a Consumer/Provider is successfully completed. When entering the “Active Consumer” state the UPD1002 monitors the VMON pin to verify that the voltage on VBUS has transitioned to the expected level.The PD_GOOD signal is asserted here to signal to the SoC that Power Delivery contract has been established. Continuous communication with the attached Provider is maintained while in this state. The UPD1002 will return to the “Consumer 2014 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001825A-page 15 AN18.25 Wait” state if communication with the attached Provider is lost or if a RESET command is received. Provider/Consumer Intermediate State: • Start-Up: During the “Start-Up” state, the UPD1002 samples the CFG_SEL0 and CFG_SEL1 pins to determine which profile to load. • Evaluate Source Capabilities: After negotiating a power contract with an attached Consumer, a UPD1002 Provider/Consumer will check the status of the EXT_PWR_DET pin. If no external power is present (EXT_PWR_DET pin is low), then the Provider/Consumer will request to see Source Capabilities from the attached Consumer. If the attached Consumer is a Consumer/Provider, then it will advertise it’s Source Capabilities. If there is a capability match, the Provider/Consumer will transition to the “Role Swap” state. If there is no capability match, the Provider/ Consumer will return to the “Provider PD Device” state. • Role Swap: While in the “Role Swap” state, a UPD1002 Provider/Consumer will request a Source Capability from the attached Consumer/Provider. Once the request is accepted, the Provider/Consumer will deassert PD_EN_N/ PD_EN and VSELx_N. The Provider/Consumer will monitor VMON to ensure that the voltage on VBUS has transitioned to the negotiated level and transition into the “Active Consumer” state. FIGURE 11: UPD1002 PROVIDER/CONSUMER STATE MACHINE DIAGRAM OFF HARD RESET START-UP PROFILE LOADED PROVIDER WAIT SOFT RESET PLUG REMOVAL DETECTED SOFT RESET OR LOST COMMUNICATION PLUG INSERTION DETECTED ACTIVE CONSUMER PROVIDER LEGACY DEVICE ASSERT “PD_GOOD” OUTPUT 5V ON VBUS IF PD_DETECT = HIGH IF PD_DETECT = LOW ADVERTISE 5V @ 1.5A CAPABILITY ADVERTISE ALL SOURCE CAPABILITIES NEGOTIATED POWER RECEIVED ROLE SWAP SOURCE CAPABILITY REQUESTED CAPABILITY MATCH PROVIDER PD DEVICE REQUEST SOURCE CAPABILITIES EVAL SOURCE CAPS OUTPUT NEGOTIATED VOLTAGE ON VBUS NO CAPABILITY MATCH DS00001825A-page 16 2014 Microchip Technology Inc. AN18.25 APPENDIX A: TABLE A-1: APPLICATION NOTE REVISION HISTORY REVISION HISTORY Revision Level & Date Note: Section/Figure/Entry Correction AN18.25, Revision A replaces the previous SMSC version, Revision 1.0. 2014 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001825A-page 17 AN18.25 THE MICROCHIP WEB SITE Microchip provides online support via our WWW site at www.microchip.com. This web site is used as a means to make files and information easily available to customers. Accessible by using your favorite Internet browser, the web site contains the following information: • Product Support – Data sheets and errata, application notes and sample programs, design resources, user’s guides and hardware support documents, latest software releases and archived software • General Technical Support – Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ), technical support requests, online discussion groups, Microchip consultant program member listing • Business of Microchip – Product selector and ordering guides, latest Microchip press releases, listing of seminars and events, listings of Microchip sales offices, distributors and factory representatives CUSTOMER CHANGE NOTIFICATION SERVICE Microchip’s customer notification service helps keep customers current on Microchip products. Subscribers will receive e-mail notification whenever there are changes, updates, revisions or errata related to a specified product family or development tool of interest. To register, access the Microchip web site at www.microchip.com. Under “Support”, click on “Customer Change Notification” and follow the registration instructions. CUSTOMER SUPPORT Users of Microchip products can receive assistance through several channels: • • • • Distributor or Representative Local Sales Office Field Application Engineer (FAE) Technical Support Customers should contact their distributor, representative or field application engineer (FAE) for support. Local sales offices are also available to help customers. A listing of sales offices and locations is included in the back of this document. Technical support is available through the web site at: http://microchip.com/support DS00001825A-page 18 2014 Microchip Technology Inc. AN18.25 Note the following details of the code protection feature on Microchip devices: • Microchip products meet the specification contained in their particular Microchip Data Sheet. • Microchip believes that its family of products is one of the most secure families of its kind on the market today, when used in the intended manner and under normal conditions. • There are dishonest and possibly illegal methods used to breach the code protection feature. All of these methods, to our knowledge, require using the Microchip products in a manner outside the operating specifications contained in Microchip’s Data Sheets. Most likely, the person doing so is engaged in theft of intellectual property. • Microchip is willing to work with the customer who is concerned about the integrity of their code. • Neither Microchip nor any other semiconductor manufacturer can guarantee the security of their code. Code protection does not mean that we are guaranteeing the product as “unbreakable.” Code protection is constantly evolving. We at Microchip are committed to continuously improving the code protection features of our products. Attempts to break Microchip’s code protection feature may be a violation of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act. If such acts allow unauthorized access to your software or other copyrighted work, you may have a right to sue for relief under that Act. Information contained in this publication regarding device applications and the like is provided only for your convenience and may be superseded by updates. It is your responsibility to ensure that your application meets with your specifications. MICROCHIP MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND WHETHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WRITTEN OR ORAL, STATUTORY OR OTHERWISE, RELATED TO THE INFORMATION, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ITS CONDITION, QUALITY, PERFORMANCE, MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR PURPOSE. Microchip disclaims all liability arising from this information and its use. Use of Microchip devices in life support and/or safety applications is entirely at the buyer’s risk, and the buyer agrees to defend, indemnify and hold harmless Microchip from any and all damages, claims, suits, or expenses resulting from such use. No licenses are conveyed, implicitly or otherwise, under any Microchip intellectual property rights. Trademarks The Microchip name and logo, the Microchip logo, dsPIC, FlashFlex, KEELOQ, KEELOQ logo, MPLAB, PIC, PICmicro, PICSTART, PIC32 logo, rfPIC, SST, SST Logo, SuperFlash and UNI/O are registered trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. and other countries. FilterLab, Hampshire, HI-TECH C, Linear Active Thermistor, MTP, SEEVAL and The Embedded Control Solutions Company are registered trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. Silicon Storage Technology is a registered trademark of Microchip Technology Inc. in other countries. Analog-for-the-Digital Age, Application Maestro, BodyCom, chipKIT, chipKIT logo, CodeGuard, dsPICDEM, dsPICDEM.net, dsPICworks, dsSPEAK, ECAN, ECONOMONITOR, FanSense, HI-TIDE, In-Circuit Serial Programming, ICSP, Mindi, MiWi, MPASM, MPF, MPLAB Certified logo, MPLIB, MPLINK, mTouch, Omniscient Code Generation, PICC, PICC-18, PICDEM, PICDEM.net, PICkit, PICtail, REAL ICE, rfLAB, Select Mode, SQI, Serial Quad I/O, Total Endurance, TSHARC, UniWinDriver, WiperLock, ZENA and ZScale are trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. and other countries. SQTP is a service mark of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. GestIC and ULPP are registered trademarks of Microchip Technology Germany II GmbH & Co. KG, a subsidiary of Microchip Technology Inc., in other countries. A more complete list of registered trademarks and common law trademarks owned by Standard Microsystems Corporation (“SMSC”) is available at: www.smsc.com. The absence of a trademark (name, logo, etc.) from the list does not constitute a waiver of any intellectual property rights that SMSC has established in any of its trademarks. All other trademarks mentioned herein are property of their respective companies. © 2014, Microchip Technology Incorporated, Printed in the U.S.A., All Rights Reserved. ISBN: 978-1-63276-553-6 Microchip received ISO/TS-16949:2009 certification for its worldwide headquarters, design and wafer fabrication facilities in Chandler and Tempe, Arizona; Gresham, Oregon and design centers in California and India. The Company’s quality system processes and procedures are for its PIC® MCUs and dsPIC® DSCs, KEELOQ® code hopping devices, Serial EEPROMs, microperipherals, nonvolatile memory and analog products. In addition, Microchip’s quality system for the design and manufacture of development systems is ISO 9001:2000 certified. 2014 Microchip Technology Inc. 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