MPM00 SERIES APPLICATION NOTE DC/DC Converter module MPM00 Series Application Note Rev.1.5 SANKEN ELECTRIC CO., LTD. http://www.sanken-ele.co.jp Copy Right: SANKEN ELECTRIC CO., LTD. Page.1 Rev.1.5 MPM00 SERIES APPLICATION NOTE Rev.1.5 contents General Descriptions................................................................................................................................. 3 1.Block diagram/pin assignment............................................................................................................ 4 Block diagram............................................................................................................................................ 4 Numbers of lead terminals and their functions and names ................................................................... 4 2.Dimensions ............................................................................................................................................... 5 3.Electrical characteristics ...................................................................................................................... 7 Absolute maximum ratings ...................................................................................................................... 7 Recommended operating conditions........................................................................................................ 7 Electrical characteristics (Ta = 25℃) *5 ................................................................................................. 8 Ambient temperature – load reduction curve (temperature derating curve) .................................... 9 4.Example of application circuit ........................................................................................................... 10 Typical connection diagram ................................................................................................................... 10 Recommended pattern ............................................................................................................................ 10 5.Applications ........................................................................................................................................... 11 Setting method of output voltage (common to MPM01 and MPM04) ............................................... 11 Minimum input output voltage difference (Table No. 6) .............................................................. 12 How to select an input smoothing capacitor (common to MPM01 and MPM04) ................. 13 Selection of output voltage /ripple smoothing capacitor Co (common to MPM01/MPM04) ..... 16 Demonstration board for MPM00 series......................................................................................... 19 6.Example of static characteristics ..................................................................................................... 20 7. Estimated lifetime curve (common to MPM01 and MPM04) ..................................................... 21 IMPORTANT NOTES ............................................................................................................................ 23 Copy Right: SANKEN ELECTRIC CO., LTD. Page.2 MPM00 SERIES APPLICATION NOTE Rev.1.5 Package General Descriptions Full molding package SIP9 The MPM series is a full molded hybrid IC which contains a non-insulated buck type DC/DC converter in one package. A power supply circuit can be composed in a simple way by using this hybrid IC which requires a small part count. By connecting only an input smoothing electrolytic capacitor, an output smoothing electrolytic capacitor and an output voltage setting resistor, the hybrid IC can be operated. Because of this simple composition, time required for design evaluation is significantly reduced. Since a power inductor is built in, it is not required to select and evaluate the inductor separately. By adopting a full molding package which can be fitted to the heat sink by screwing, board mounting can be made in self-supporting state without the heat sink subject to the output voltage setting and load conditions. Pin Pin Assignment Symbol Function 1,3 GND 2 VIN 4 5,6,7 8,9 FB OUT SW Ground terminal Input power supply terminal Features & Benefits Current mode type synchronization rectification PWM control system By connecting only an input smoothing electrolytic capacitor, an output smoothing electrolytic capacitor and an output voltage setting resistor, the hybrid IC can be operated. Since a power inductor is built in, it is not required to select and evaluate the inductor separately. Maximum efficiency 91％ Output current range 0 to 3A Operating frequency 250kHz Reference voltage 0.5V±2% Built-in protection function Over Current Protection (OCP) Thermal Shutdown (TSD) Under Voltage Lockout (UVLO) Built-in phase compensation Built-in Soft-Start function Feedback terminal Output terminal Switching terminal Electrical Characteristics Input voltage range： MPM01 : 9V to 40V MPM04 : 16V to 40V Output voltage range： MPM01 : 1.8V to 12V MPM04 : 12V to 24V Output current IO = 3A Operating frequency: 250kHz Applications FA machine / Communications equipment Domestic products Amusement machine / others Line up Table.1 Product fsw VIN Vo Io Lead Forming name MPM01 9V to 40V (1) 1.8V to 12V 250kHz MPM04 3A 16V to 40V (2) 12V to 24V (1) LF971 Self-supporting LF972 Right angle LF971 Self-supporting LF972 Right angle The minimum input voltage shall be either of 9V or VO+4V, whichever is higher. (2) The minimum input voltage shall be either of 16V or VO+4V, whichever is higher. And than Vin(MIN)36V in 20V<Vo<24V more than Vin(MIN)30v in 18V<Vo<20V. Copy Right: SANKEN ELECTRIC CO., LTD. Page.1 MPM00 SERIES APPLICATION NOTE 1.Block Rev.1.5 diagram/pin assignment Block diagram Fig.1 R3 Numbers of lead terminals and their functions and names Table 2 Terminal No. Symbols Functions/names ① ② ③ GND VIN GND ④ FB ⑤⑥⑦ ⑧⑨ OUT SW Ground terminal Input power supply terminal Ground terminal Feedback terminal/resistor RFB connection terminal for output voltage setting Output terminal Oscillating frequency measurement terminal Copy Right: SANKEN ELECTRIC CO., LTD. Page.4 MPM00 SERIES APPLICATION NOTE Rev.1.5 2.Dimensions (Unit: mm) Sanken 3GR –S package lead forming LF971: self-supporting MPM** Lot.No *Material of terminal：Cu *Processing of terminal: Ni plating + solder dipping *Product weight: approximately 20g *Screwing torque：0.588 - 0.785 (N･m) Fig.2 ＊In the Figure 2 of front view which is common to MPM01-04, product numbers of each model name should be printed in **. Copy Right: SANKEN ELECTRIC CO., LTD. Page.5 MPM00 SERIES APPLICATION NOTE Rev.1.5 (Unit: mm) Sanken 3GR –S package lead forming LF972: right angle MPM** Lot.No *Material of terminal：Cu *Processing of terminal: Ni plating + solder dipping *Product weight: approximately 20g *Screwing torque：0.588 - 0.785 (N･m) Fig.3 ＊In the Figure 3 of front view which is common to MPM01-04, product numbers of each model name should be printed in **. Copy Right: SANKEN ELECTRIC CO., LTD. Page.6 MPM00 SERIES APPLICATION NOTE Rev.1.5 3.Electrical characteristics Absolute maximum ratings Table 3 Item symbols Specifications Units VIN terminal voltage VIN -0.3 to 41 V FB terminal voltage VFB -0.3 to 6 V Vo terminal voltage Vo -0.3 to 13 V MPM01 Vo terminal voltage Vo -0.3 to 25 V MPM04 SW terminal voltage Vsw VIN-SW voltage Junction temperature *1 Storage temperature Thermal resistance (between MIC junction and frame) -8 to Vin Conditions Pulse width ≦20ns V -1.3 to Vin VVIN-SW 55 V Tj -20 to 150 °C Tstg -20 to 120 °C θj-f 7.7 °C／W DC <30nsec *1：Only MIC，However, it is limited for overheat protection. The overheat protection detection temperature is approximately 160°C. Recommended operating conditions Table 4 Items Symbols Specifications Units Min Max Conditions Input voltage range VIN 9(*4) 40 V MPM01 Input voltage range VIN 16(*4) 40 V MPM04 Io 0 3 A Tjop -20 125 ℃ Ta -20 85 ℃ Output current range *3 Junction temperature in operation Ambient temperature range in operation*3 Note:refer to Thermal derating curve *2. The recommended operating conditions means operating conditions required to maintain normal circuit functions shown in the electrical characteristics and in the actual use, they should be maintained within these recommended conditions. *3. However, they should be used within the derating curve. →Please refer to the paragraph 7. 4 in page 7. *4. VIN can be higher than Vo subject to the setting of the output voltage Vo. Since this product is not designed for the boost converter system, VIN must be higher than Vo. Please refer to the paragraph 9 – 2 (page 10). Copy Right: SANKEN ELECTRIC CO., LTD. Page.7 MPM00 SERIES APPLICATION NOTE Rev.1.5 Electrical characteristics (Ta = 25℃) *5 Table 5 MIN Ratings MIN MIN VFBref 0.490 0.500 0.510 V VIN=33V,Io=1A η - 91 - % VIN=33V,Vo=12V,Io=3A fo 212 250 288 kHz Line regulation *7 Vline － － ±2 ％ Load regulation *7 Vload － － ±3 ％ Is 4.50 5.60 6.41 A VIN=33V,Vo=12V,Io=3A VIN=16 to 40V, Vo=12V,Io=1A VIN=33V,Vo=12V,Io=0 to 3A VIN=33V､Vo=12V Auto-restart *8 Iin - 12 - mA VIN=33V､Io=0A､VFB=1V Tj 151 160 - ℃ VIN=16V to 40V UVLO - 7.3 8.0 V Tstart - 50 － ms Parameter Symbol Reference voltage Efficiency *6 Switching frequency Overcurrent threshold protection Supply Current Thermal shutdown threshold temperature *9 Under voltage lockout protection Start-up delay time Units Test conditions Applied at VIN = 16 to 40V up to the Vo constant voltage accuracy *5 The electrical characteristics mean the characteristics to be assured in the case that the IC is operated under the above-mentioned measurement conditions in the circuits shown in the measurement circuit diagram . *6 The efficiency can be calculated by the equation 1 as follows: ･･･equation 1 *7 The line/load regulation does not include any set deviation of output voltage. It should be noted that the deviation of set output voltage is affected by the accuracy of the external RFB. As for details, please refer to the paragraph 9 (application). *8 At the time of setting the output voltages except Vo = 12V, it should be noted that the OCP operation point may fluctuate from the values of Vo = 12V because the inductance of the built-in coil and the frequency are constant. *9 Overheat protection is of automatic recovery type. Copy Right: SANKEN ELECTRIC CO., LTD. Page.8 MPM00 SERIES APPLICATION NOTE Rev.1.5 Ambient temperature – load reduction curve (temperature derating curve) Fig.4 ※Vo=12,15,18, 20V VIN=33V(condition) ※Vo=24V VIN=36V(condition) Fig.5 ※Vo=5,12,15,18V VIN=24V(condition) Note 1. Common to MPM01 and 04 (however, Vo = 5V and 12 are for MPM01 and Vo = 15 – 24V is for MPM04. Note 2. The graph is for the case of no heatsink and natural cooling condition.(a heatsink can be fitted by screws. Note 3. In the case of Vo = 2.5 or 3.3V, please use inside the line of Vo = 5V in Figure 5. Copy Right: SANKEN ELECTRIC CO., LTD. Page.9 MPM00 SERIES APPLICATION NOTE Rev.1.5 ⑧ and ⑨ pins (SW terminals) are inspection terminals to be used for the measurement of oscillating frequencies. Please use them normally in open state. 4.Example of application circuit Typical connection diagram C1: 50V/1000μF C2 and 3: 25V/1000μF x 2 in parallel *For C1, C2 and C3, please use capacitors for switch mode power supplies instead of the general electronic circuits. RFB is a resistor for output voltage setting. Please refer to Fig.8. Fig.6 Recommended pattern Fig.7 *For the GND pin of ① and ③, it is recommended to make the connection as short as possible in reference to the negative side of Co. Please perform wiring in a manner that the commutation loop including the inner circuit of the IC is made as short as possible. Copy Right: SANKEN ELECTRIC CO., LTD. ⑧ and ⑨pins (SW terminals) are inspection terminals to measure the oscillating frequency. Please use them in the open state. As to ⑧ and ⑨ pins, please process them openly only in land. Please do not connect it with patterns of other electric potentials. If connected, it may cause a failure. Please locate the RFB near the module by means of the shortest wiring. Long wiring of FB line is likely to cause a failure. Page.10 MPM00 SERIES APPLICATION NOTE Rev.1.5 5.Applications Setting method of output voltage (common to MPM01 and MPM04) The output voltage can be set by changing the RFB. Refer to Fig.8. (equation 2) Output voltage 4.6kΩ ±0.8% ･･･equation 2 Output voltage External setup resistor RFB Fig.8 The RFB can be calculated as 510Ωat output voltage of Vo = 5V and as 200Ωat Vo = 12V (typical values). In the case of MPM01 for the setting of output voltage (Vo), since the absolute maximum rating is 13V, the set voltage is limited up to 12V. (Reference) MPM04 RFB constant vs. output voltage Vo setting curve Caution! For MPM01, it is limited up to Vo = 12V. 200 300 400 500 Fig.9 Copy Right: SANKEN ELECTRIC CO., LTD. Page.11 700 2000 MPM00 SERIES APPLICATION NOTE Minimum input output voltage difference Rev.1.5 (Table No. 6) Model VIN voltage range Vo setting Recommended input voltage MPM01 9V to 40V 1.8V to 12V VIN≧Vo＋4V *1 12V to 18V VIN≧Vo＋4V 20V 30V≦VIN≦40V 24V 36V≦VIN≦40V *2 MPM04 16V to 40V (Note) The table 6 shows the recommended values of input voltage VIN required for Vo value. For VIN, voltages higher than values in the table are recommended, but it should be noted that the upper and lower limits of VIN voltage range are fixed. *1 : (Example) Vo = 2. 5V being set →the minimum input output voltage difference of VIN ≧ Vo + 4V is 6. 5V, but it should be noted that it is VIN ≧ 9V (Min.) from the recommended operating conditions (page 5). In the MPM series where the internal frequency and internal inductance are fixed, sub-harmonic oscillation may happen in the input voltage area where the duty of input and output conditions exceeds 50%. In this concern, please check that any trouble like output ripple does not occur, when it is used at the above recommended values. *2: At Vo = 24V, VIN = 36V or higher is recommended, but as the margin up to the upper limit of 40V is scarce, please use the stabilized power supply voltage. Copy Right: SANKEN ELECTRIC CO., LTD. Page.12 MPM00 SERIES APPLICATION NOTE Rev.1.5 How to select an input smoothing capacitor (common to MPM01 and MPM04) There are 3 conditions for the calculation of the input rectifier capacitor Cin. 1)Ripple current condition When the power source supplied to this module has an impedance = 0 which is an ideal case, the input current to this module is supplied 100% by the power supply and ripple current scarcely flows across the smoothing capacitor, but in specifying the ripple current of the capacitor, the worst condition is considered on the assumption that there exists no ideal power supply.It is assumed that the current is supplied 100% by the worst smoothing capacitor. Fig.10 Charging/discharging of input capacitor Fig.11 Ripple current model of input capacitor Icinave=Io×D･･･Equation 3 *D represents the Duty and Io the load current (DC). ･･･Equation 4 *L represents the inductance of built-in coil and Ton the ON time. ･･･Equation 5 ･･･Equation 6 Since the ripple current of capacitor has the waveform of alternating current, it is calculated by the root-mean-square of discharging side and charging side. ･Discharging side ･･･Equation 7 T represents a cycle. ･Charging side ･･･Equation 8 ･The total ripple current of input smoothing capacitor will be expressed as follows ･･･Equation 9 Copy Right: SANKEN ELECTRIC CO., LTD. Page.13 MPM00 SERIES APPLICATION NOTE Rev.1.5 (Calculation example) -Conditions VIN=24(V)､Vo=12(V)､Io=3(A)､Frequency =250(kHz)→Cycle T=4(μs)､ D=12(V)／24(V)=0.5(Ton=2μs)､built-in inductor/inductance value =9.1(μH) Icinave=3(A)×0.5=1.5(A) =2.637(A) =2.8185(A) =0.1815(A) From the calculated ILp’ and ILb’, Icin ripple (Dis) will be as follows: = 1.1894(A) Icin ripple (Chg) will be as follows: =1.0606(A) Therefore, the total ripple current of input smoothing capacitor Icin (ripple) will be as follows: =1.594(Arms) It is required to select the input smoothing capacitor which has the specifications of being able to flow the above ripple current . Please select a capacitor which has the capacity of being able to flow ripple current by consulting the catalogs of suppliers of capacitors. Copy Right: SANKEN ELECTRIC CO., LTD. Page.14 MPM00 SERIES APPLICATION NOTE Rev.1.5 2)Setting of commercial power ripple voltage ΔVIN of VIN voltage for the amusement equipment etc. The full-wave rectified frequency fr = 100Hz. This ripple voltage ΔVIN is set. In the case that with AC24V x √2 ≒33V as a peak, the bottom point of voltage drop caused from discharging supplied by the smoothing capacitor to the load is set at the ripple voltage of －20% = 6. 6V : (*20% is at your discretion. If this is made larger, the capacity may be calculated to be smaller, but please take note that large commercial frequency components will appear.). Blue: VIN ripple 10V/Div Cin = 1000μF *Peak ≒33V Bottom point ≒26. 4V Example of the load after smoothing rectification corresponds with 33W. Red: AC24V 50Hz 10V/Div 0 Fig.12 VIN ripple voltage by all wave rectifier smoothing of commercial frequency 4.8mS/Div→ ･･･equation 10 From the Equation 10, when the duty D at VIN 33V and Vo = 12V is set to D = 12 (V)/33(V) = 0.3636, the equation is as follows. ≒1051(μF) and the smoothing capacitor Cin will require the capacitance of 1051μF or more. Similarly, when the AC24V is bridge-rectified, the capacitance of the smoothing capacitor will be determined subject the voltage of ripple of commercial frequency at the bottom point.. In addition, in the case that the power supply source is a stabilized DC24V, such capacity is not required, but a capacitor which can flow ripple current calculated at ①should be inserted between VIN and GND. Furthermore, this smoothing capacitor Cin has a function of so called “pascon” (bypass condenser) with respect to the avoidance of wrong operation, therefore it is not recommendable not to insert any capacitor. 3)Rated Voltage Range. In the case of the all-wave smoothing rectification of AC 24V, the withstand voltage of 35V is insufficient in term of margin, therefore 50V or higher withstand voltage should be chosen. Copy Right: SANKEN ELECTRIC CO., LTD. Page.15 MPM00 SERIES APPLICATION NOTE Rev.1.5 As stated above, the specifications of the input smoothing capacitor Cin should be determined in consideration of the following: ① It should have “allowable ripple current” performance which allows for sufficient margin to the calculated ripple current, ②It should calculate the capacitance in accordance with the valley voltage of the commercial frequency ripple voltage (for amusement apparatus etc.) ③ It should have higher withstand voltage than the maximum value of VIN voltage. The capacitor should be chosen from the capacitor supplier’s catalog for switch mode power supplies. Selection of output voltage /ripple smoothing capacitor Co (common to MPM01/MPM04) This module does not build in a smoothing capacitor in the package and the mounting conditions and smoothing capacitors to be used are determined by users. Consequently, no description of specifications is found in this paragraph. 1)Setting of ripple voltage. When the output ripple voltage is theoretically calculated on the desk, it is determined by the critical current of inductor Δ IL and ESR (equivalent series resistance) which is equivalent to the performance of smoothing capacitor. Vripple=ΔIL×ESR･･･equation 11 From the equation 4, ΔIL = 2. 637A is obtained and when this value is multiplied by the ESR of the smoothing capacitor, the output ripple voltage is obtained. (An example of calculation) -Conditions VIN=24(V)､Vo=12(V)､Io=3(A)､Frequency =250(kHz)→cycle T=4(μs)､ D=12(V)／24(V)=0.5(Ton=2μs)､Built-in inductor/inductance value =9.1(μH) In the case that the ESR of a smoothing capacitor at low temperature is provisionally 20 Ω, ΔIL = 2. 637 (A) from the equation 4 and Vripple = 2. 637 (A) x 20 (mΩ) = 52. 7mVp-p. will be obtained When the equation 11 is modified, it will be as follows: ･･･equation 12 When the ripple voltage is made to be 100mVp-p, it will be as follows from the equation 12: =37.9mΩ At any event, it will be necessary to connect an electrolytic capacitor which has 37.9 mΩ or lower even at low temperature. Copy Right: SANKEN ELECTRIC CO., LTD. Page.16 MPM00 SERIES APPLICATION NOTE Rev.1.5 * Phase-lead compensation circuit In a MPM00 series,as the output capacitor, the aluminum electrolytic capacitor is used for output capacitance with the premise,the phase compensation circuit fitted to aluminum electrolytic capacitor is built in.By the performance improvement, the product of small-size, big-capacity, super-low-ESR are in the market. Even if it is aluminum electrolytic capacitor, there is a product of an ESR character which is nearly equal to the character of the ceramics capacitor. In this case, a un-stable movement sometimes occurs, because AC-gain of control loop declines. In this case, as the fig 13, connect a phase-lead-compensation circuit (RFF & CFF) between the OUT terminal and FB terminals, and avoid a un-stable movement . Fig.13 The connection of phase-lead-compensation *Setup example (Input and output conditions：VIN=33V DC，Vo=12V，Io=1A～3A) Co：1000μF／25V , ESR=14mΩ／20℃(a single kind of article)･･･It is almost 7mΩ in case of a parallel connection (2pcs). RFF：0Ω～100Ω CFF：100pF～1000pF It is a standard persistently. And, the ESR character of aluminum electrolytic capacitor has temperature dependence. Therefore, adjust RFF & CFF after you confirm the movement of MPM00 under both environments of the low temperature/high temperature. Copy Right: SANKEN ELECTRIC CO., LTD. Page.17 MPM00 SERIES APPLICATION NOTE Rev.1.5 2)Ripple current of output smoothing capacitor. Then, the ripple current which flows across the output smoothing capacitor Co is given by the equation 13. ･･･equation 13 (Example of calculation) -Conditions VIN=24(V)､Vo=12(V)､Io=3(A)､frequency =250(kHz)→Cycle T=4(μs)､ D=12(V)／24(V)=0.5(Ton=2μs)､built-in inductor/inductance value =9.1(μH) Then, from the equation 13, it will be as follows: =0.761(Arms) To 0. 761(Arms), please select a capacitor having the specifications of sufficient margin to the calculated ripple current for the tolerated ripple current from the catalog of capacitor suppliers. 3)Rated Voltage Range. In the above calculation example, Vo = 12V condition is applied, but the withstand voltage of a smoothing capacitor is required to be 16V or higher. As stated above, in the output smoothing capacitor Co, ① The ESR characteristic at low temperature is determined subject to the output ripple voltage Vp-p. ②There should be the “allowable ripple current” performance which has sufficient margin to the calculated ripple current. ③The specifications should be determined on the condition that the withstand voltage should be higher with enough margin than the set output voltage Vo. Please select a suitable capacitor for the switch mode power supply from the catalog of capacitor manufacturers. (Reference) Impedance and temperature characteristics of aluminum electrolytic capacitors In the aluminum electrolytic capacitor, as the temperature rises, the impedance changes with the equivalent series resistance ESR as the lowest point, as shown in the fig 14. This is because the resistive component in the electrolyte changes subject to the temperature and in the low temperature, the impedance will rise. Please be careful, as this characteristic may affect the increase of ripple voltage. The impedance specifications of electrolytic capacitors are specified at 20℃ and 100kHz, but please refer to the catalogs or technical brochures of each capacitor manufacturer for detailed ESR in the low temperature. Fig.14 Copy Right: SANKEN ELECTRIC CO., LTD. Page.18 MPM00 SERIES APPLICATION NOTE Rev.1.5 Demonstration board for MPM00 series (Demonstration board for evaluation and reference static characteristics) The preproduction of an evaluation board for the evaluation of actual operation of the MPM series has been completed. Please contact Sanken’s sales department for further information. Cout Output connector （Gnd） （＋） Cin Input connector （Gnd） （＋） Vo setting connector RFB MPM0X→ Photo1 MPM00 series Fig.15 Circuit diagram of demonstration board Table 7 Parts Part No. Part names Manufacturers Printed circuit board PCB CEM3 single side – Connector CN1, CN2 B2P3 - VH JST DC/DC module IC1 MPM01 Sanken Aluminum electrolytic capacitor C1 ZLH50V/1000μF Rubicon Aluminum electrolytic capacitor C2 ZLH25V/1000μF Rubicon Aluminum electrolytic capacitor C3 ZLH25V/1000μF Rubicon Carbon resistor R1 1/4W 510Ω – Carbon resistor R2 Open – Jumper wire JP1 φ0. 5 Sn plated wire – *Demonstration board part list (an example of input voltage VIN = 33V, output voltage Vo = 5V setting). This part list is just for reference. Customers are requested to perform the verification test by replacing these listed parts by their own standard parts. Copy Right: SANKEN ELECTRIC CO., LTD. Page.19 MPM00 SERIES APPLICATION NOTE 6.Example of static characteristics Examples of our own measurements of MPM01/04 are shown below: 1. Efficiency (Ta = 25℃) *these are reference values in our measurement environments. Fig.16 2) Load regulation (Ta = 25℃) *These are reference values in our measurement environments. Fig.17 Copy Right: SANKEN ELECTRIC CO., LTD. Page.20 Rev.1.5 MPM00 SERIES APPLICATION NOTE Rev.1.5 7. Estimated lifetime curve (common to MPM01 and MPM04) The lifetime of electronic parts is generally shorter in higher temperature.For long time use, it is most effective to use them in lower temperature. ① Continuous operation lifetime The continuous operation time and estimated lifetime are shown in Fig. 17.The horizontal axis shows the package surface temperature and the vertical axis the 0. 1% failure occurrence time. *The data may be variable subject to the input voltage. 6mm As shown below on the front side of printed 13mm measurement point of package temperature. Fig.18 MPM01 Input DC24V nominal estimated lifetime curve and package temperature measurement point. Copy Right: SANKEN ELECTRIC CO., LTD. Page.21 MPM00 SERIES APPLICATION NOTE Rev.1.5 ② Estimated lifetime by repeated temperature cycles In the temperature cycle mode of repetition of temperature rise and fall due to switched ON and OFF, the estimated lifetime can be obtained as shown below: Fig.19 Temperature difference for calculation of temperature cycle estimated lifetime vs. acceleration factors ΔT at package temperature measuring point of 1) is obtained. Then, the estimated lifetime L1 is calculated on the acceleration condition as follows: L1 ≒ L0 x acceleration factor ・・・・equation 14 On the assumption that the temperature difference is ΔT = 60℃ in 25 – 85℃, as the acceleration factor can be read off as about 20 times from the graph of Figure 17, the temperature cycle estimated life time can be obtained as follows from the equation 14: L1 ≒ 100 x 20 ≒2000 (cycles) By means of derating the output current, the package temperature can be lowered, but in order to obtain the desired expected lifetime, please use the cooling system appropriately. (Example: forced air cooling by using a heatsink.) In addition, it is required to connect electrolytic capacitors to the input/output of this product, therefore the lifetime of these capacitors should be also considered.Please implement the maintenance work of capacitors in accordance with the application of capacitor manufacturers. In order to improve constantly our products, we may change the specifications etc. of our products without any advance notice to our customers and your understanding and acknowledgement to the above would be appreciated. Copy Right: SANKEN ELECTRIC CO., LTD. Page.22 MPM00 SERIES APPLICATION NOTE Rev.1.5 OPERATING PRECAUTIONS In the case that you use Sanken products or design your products by using Sanken products, the reliability largely depends on the degree of derating to be made to the rated values. Derating may be interpreted as a case that an operation range is set by derating the load from each rated value or surge voltage or noise is considered for derating in order to assure or improve the reliability. In general, derating factors include electric stresses such as electric voltage, electric current, electric power etc., environmental stresses such as ambient temperature, humidity etc. and thermal stress caused due to self-heating of semiconductor products. For these stresses, instantaneous values, maximum values and minimum values must be taken into consideration. In addition, it should be noted that since power devices or IC’s including power devices have large self-heating value, the degree of derating of junction temperature affects the reliability significantly. Because reliability can be affected adversely by improper storage environments and handling methods, please observe the following cautions. Cautions for Storage Ensure that storage conditions comply with the standard temperature (5 to 35°C) and the standard relative humidity (around 40 to 75%); avoid storage locations that experience extreme changes in temperature or humidity. Avoid locations where dust or harmful gases are present and avoid direct sunlight. Reinspect for rust on leads and solderability of the products that have been stored for a long time. Cautions for Testing and Handling When tests are carried out during inspection testing and other standard test periods, protect the products from power surges from the testing device, shorts between the product pins, and wrong connections. Ensure all test parameters are within the ratings specified by Sanken for the products. Remarks About Using Thermal Silicone Grease When thermal silicone grease is used, it shall be applied evenly and thinly. If more silicone grease than required is applied, it may produce excess stress. The thermal silicone grease that has been stored for a long period of time may cause cracks of the greases, and it cause low radiation performance. In addition, the old grease may cause cracks in the resin mold when screwing the products to a heatsink. Fully consider preventing foreign materials from entering into the thermal silicone grease. When foreign material is immixed, radiation performance may be degraded or an insulation failure may occur due to a damaged insulating plate. The thermal silicon greases that are recommended for the resin molded semiconductor should be used. Our recommended thermal silicone grease is the following, and equivalent of these. Type G746 Suppliers Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. YG6260 Momentive Performance Materials Japan LLC SC102 Dow Corning Toray Co., Ltd. Cautions for Mounting to a Heatsink When the flatness around the screw hole is insufficient, such as when mounting the products to a heatsink that has an extruded (burred) screw hole, the products can be damaged, even with a lower than recommended screw torque. For mounting the products, the mounting surface flatness should be 0.05mm or less. Please select suitable screws for the product shape. Do not use a flat-head machine screw because of the stress to the products. Self-tapping screws are not recommended. When using self-tapping screws, the screw may enter the hole diagonally, not vertically, depending on the conditions of hole before threading or the work situation. That may stress the products and may cause failures. Copy Right: SANKEN ELECTRIC CO., LTD. Page.23 MPM00 SERIES APPLICATION NOTE Rev.1.5 Recommended screw torque: 0.588 to 0.785 N･m (6 to 8 kgf･cm). For tightening screws, if a tightening tool (such as a driver) hits the products, the package may crack, and internal stress fractures may occur, which shorten the lifetime of the electrical elements and can cause catastrophic failure. Tightening with an air driver makes a substantial impact. In addition, a screw torque higher than the set torque can be applied and the package may be damaged. Therefore, an electric driver is recommended. When the package is tightened at two or more places, first pre-tighten with a lower torque at all places, then tighten with the specified torque. When using a power driver, torque control is mandatory. Soldering When soldering the products, please be sure to minimize the working time, within the following limits: • 260 ± 5 °C 10 ± 1 s (Flow, 2 times) • 380 ± 10 °C 3.5 ± 0.5 s (Soldering iron, 1 time) Soldering should be at a distance of at least 1.5 mm from the body of the products. When soldering the products, please be sure to minimize the working time, within the following limits: ・Reflow Preheat ; 180 °C / 90 ± 30 s Solder heating ; 250 °C / 10 ± 1s (260 °C peak, 2 times) ・Soldering iron ; 380 ± 10 °C / 3.5 ± 0.5s (1 time) Electrostatic Discharge When handling the products, the operator must be grounded. Grounded wrist straps worn should have at least 1MΩ of resistance from the operator to ground to prevent shock hazard, and it should be placed near the operator. Workbenches where the products are handled should be grounded and be provided with conductive table and floor mats. When using measuring equipment such as a curve tracer, the equipment should be grounded. When soldering the products, the head of soldering irons or the solder bath must be grounded in order to prevent leak voltages generated by them from being applied to the products. The products should always be stored and transported in Sanken shipping containers or conductive containers, or be wrapped in aluminum foil. IMPORTANT NOTES The contents in this document are subject to changes, for improvement and other purposes, without notice. Make sure that this is the latest revision of the document before use. Application examples, operation examples and recommended examples described in this document are quoted for the sole purpose of reference for the use of the products herein and Sanken can assume no responsibility for any infringement of industrial property rights, intellectual property rights, life, body, property or any other rights of Sanken or any third party which may result from its use. Unless otherwise agreed in writing by Sanken, Sanken makes no warranties of any kind, whether express or implied, as to the products, including product merchantability, and fitness for a particular purpose and special environment, and the information, including its accuracy, usefulness, and reliability, included in this document. Although Sanken undertakes to enhance the quality and reliability of its products, the occurrence of failure and defect of semiconductor products at a certain rate is inevitable. Users of Sanken products are requested to take, at their own risk, preventative measures including safety design of the equipment or systems against any possible injury, death, fires or damages to the society due to device failure or malfunction. Sanken products listed in this document are designed and intended for the use as components in general Copy Right: SANKEN ELECTRIC CO., LTD. Page.24 MPM00 SERIES APPLICATION NOTE Rev.1.5 purpose electronic equipment or apparatus (home appliances, office equipment, telecommunication equipment, measuring equipment, etc.). When considering the use of Sanken products in the applications where higher reliability is required (transportation equipment and its control systems, traffic signal control systems or equipment, fire/crime alarm systems, various safety devices, etc.), and whenever long life expectancy is required even in general purpose electronic equipment or apparatus, please contact your nearest Sanken sales representative to discuss, prior to the use of the products herein. The use of Sanken products without the written consent of Sanken in the applications where extremely high reliability is required (aerospace equipment, nuclear power control systems, life support systems, etc.) is strictly prohibited. When using the products specified herein by either (i) combining other products or materials therewith or (ii) physically, chemically or otherwise processing or treating the products, please duly consider all possible risks that may result from all such uses in advance and proceed therewith at your own responsibility. Anti radioactive ray design is not considered for the products listed herein. Sanken assumes no responsibility for any troubles, such as dropping products caused during transportation out of Sanken’s distribution network. The contents in this document must not be transcribed or copied without Sanken’s written consent. Copy Right: SANKEN ELECTRIC CO., LTD. Page.25