AL8808EV1 EVALUATION BOARD USER GUIDE DESCRIPTION The AL8808EV1, Figure 1, is a double sided evaluation board for the AL8808 step-down, or ‘buck’, LED driver with internal switch. The evaluation board is preset to drive 680mA into a single LED, or multiple LEDs, the maximum number of which depends on their total forward voltage drop and the supply voltage. (The maximum drive current of the AL8808 is 1000mA) The operating voltage is nominally 30 volts, but it can be reduced to a minimum of 6 volts. The 68uH inductor used in the circuit is based on this nominal supply. The evaluation board should be connected as in Figure 1 below. Note: The evaluation board does not have reverse supply protection. The nominal current, 680mA, is set with the 0R15 sense resistor, R1. Terminal CTRL provides a connection point for DC or PWM dimming and shutdown. Warning: At 30V nominal operation with 680mA output, the LED will be hot and very bright + V 1-8 LEDs 6-30VDC Figure 1. AL8808EV1 evaluation board and connection diagram AL8808EV1 Connection Point Definition Name Description Vin Positive supply voltage: 6 to 30V GND Supply Ground (0V). CTRL LED A LED K Internal voltage ref. pin (5V). This pin can be used to achieve dimming and for switching the output current off. Leave floating for normal operation. LED A connects to the external LED anode. LED K connects to the external LED cathode. Issue 1 – January 2013 © Diodes Incorporated, 2013 www.diodes.com AL8808EV1 AL8808 DEVICE DESCRIPTION The AL8808 is a continuous mode inductive driver in a TSOT25 package, for driving one or more series-connected LEDs efficiently from a voltage source higher than the LED voltage. The device includes the output switch and a current sense circuit, which requires an external sense resistor to set the nominal current up to 1000mA. AL8808 DEVICE FEATURES • Drives one or more series-connected LEDs • LEDs up to 1000mA. • Internal 30V switch. • Wide input voltage: 6V to 30V. • Inherent open circuit LED protection. • Built in over temperature protection. • Brightness control using DC or PWM. DEVICE APPLICATIONS • LED flashlights. • High Power LED driving. • Low-voltage halogen replacement LEDs. • Automotive lighting. • Illuminated signs. AL8808 Device Package, Pin and Definitions TSOT25 package Pin Definition Name Pin No SW 1 GND 2 CTRL 3 SET 4 VIN 5 Description Drain of NDMOS switch. Ground (0V). Internal voltage ref. pin (5V) : • Leave floating for normal operation. • Connect to GND to turn off output current. • Drive with DC voltage (0.4V to 2.5V) or with PWM (up to 5V logic level) signal to adjust output current. Connect a sense resistor, R1, from the SET pin to VIN to sense the nominal output current. Nominal Iout = 0.1/ R1. Input voltage: 6V to 30V. Decouple to ground with a 2.2uF or higher ceramic capacitor. ORDERING INFORMATION EVALBOARD ORDER NUMBER AL8808EV1 DEVICE ORDER NUMBER AL8808WT-7 NOTE: Evaluation boards are subject to availability and qualified sales leads. Issue 1 – January 2013 www.diodes.com © Diodes Incorporated 2013 2 AL8808EV1 AL8808EV1 EVALUATION BOARD REFERENCE DESIGN The AL8808EV1 is configured to the reference design shown in Figure 2. The operating voltage is a nominal 30V. The nominal current is set at 680mA with a 0R15 sense resistor R1. The circuit operates in continuous mode at approximately 188kHz, with a 68uH inductor and one LED. • Both DC and PWM dimming can be achieved by driving the CTRL pin. For DC dimming, the CTRL pin may be driven between 0.5V and 2.5V adjusting the output current from 25% to 100% of ILED. • Driving the CTRL pin below 0.4V will shut down the output current. • A PWM signal (low level ≤ 0.4V and high level > 2.5) allows the output current to be adjusted above or below the level set by the resistor connected to SET input pin. The PWM frequency can be between 100Hz to 1kHz, providing a resolution of 10 bits. • For low frequency PWM, C2 should be removed from the evaluation board, to give a more accurate duty cycle. • Shorting R2 will connect the test pin CTRL to device pin CTRL, if required. For other reference designs or further applications information, please refer to the AL8808 datasheet. Figure 2. Schematic diagram Issue 1 – January 2013 www.diodes.com © Diodes Incorporated 2013 3 AL8808EV1 AL8808 Operation In normal operation, when a voltage is applied at +Vin, the AL8808 internal NDMOS switch is turned on. Current starts to flow through sense resistor R1, inductor L1, and the LED. The current ramps up linearly, the ramp rate being determined by the input voltage +Vin and the inductor L1. This rising current produces a voltage ramp across R1. The internal circuit of the AL8808 senses the voltage across R1 and applies a proportional voltage to the input of the internal comparator. When this voltage reaches an internally set upper threshold, the NDMOS switch is turned off. The inductor current continues to flow through R1, L1, the LED and the Schottky diode D1, and back to the supply rail, but it decays, with the rate of decay determined by the forward voltage drop of the LEDs and the Schottky diode. This decaying current produces a falling voltage at R1, which is sensed by the AL8808. A voltage proportional to the sense voltage across R1 is applied at the input of the internal comparator. When this voltage falls to the internally set lower threshold, the NDMOS switch is turned on again. This switch-on-and-off cycle continues to provide the average LED current set by the sense resistor R1. Please refer to the datasheets for the threshold limits, AL8808 internal circuits, electrical characteristics and parameters. AL8808EV1 Component list Ref Value Package Part Number Manufacturer Notes U1 AL8808 TSOT25 AL8808WT-7 Diodes Zetex D1 R1 R2 C1 40V, 2A 0R15 0R 4.7uF 50V B240A 1206 0805 1210 Diodes Zetex Generic Generic Generic KEMET DC-DC converter Schottky diode 1% 1% X7R C2 Not Fitted C3 100nF, 100V 0805 NMC0805X7R104K100 PF GRM21BR71H104KA01L C4 100nF 100V 1206 NMC1206X7R104K100 L1 68uH C1210X475K5RAC MSS1038-683ML NPIS24H680MTRF Generic NIC Comps MURATA Generic NIC Comps Coilcraft NIC Comps Optional soft start capacitor X7R X7R Note: The component part numbers are correct at the time of publication. Diodes Inc reserves the right to substitute other parts where necessary, without further notification. AL8808EV1 Basic operation at full voltage 1. Connect Vin and GND Warning: The board does not feature reverse battery/supply protection. 2. Set the PSU to 30V 3. Turn on the PSU and the LED will illuminate and the current should be approximately 680mA. Warning: Do not stare at the LED directly. Switching the output current off Shorting the CTRL pin to GND will cause the LED current to go to zero. Issue 1 – January 2013 www.diodes.com © Diodes Incorporated 2013 4 AL8808EV1 Soft start Adding a C2 capacitor will create a soft-start power-up sequence (0.1ms/nF). This delay will reduce the PWM dimming performance. Changing the LED current 1. Remove R1. 2. Calculate and replace sense resistor, R1, the value of which is based on the required LED current without dimming. R1 can be calculated using following equation : R1 = 0.1V/IOUT where IOUT = the LED current. R1 = the sense resistor value in ohms. 0.1V is the nominal sense voltage with ‘CTRL’ open circuit or set to 5V. The device calculator at the address below can be used to speed up the redesign phase: http://www.diodes.com/destools/calculators.html PERFORMANCE The system efficiency depends on the sense resistor, supply voltage, switching frequency and the number of LEDs. With a 30V supply and one LED, the switching frequency is typically 188kHz. The efficiency level is >85%. For further advice, please contact your local Diodes Field Applications Engineer, or one of our sales offices listed on the back page of this document. Issue 1 – January 2013 www.diodes.com © Diodes Incorporated 2013 5 AL8808EV1 INTENTIONALLY BLANK Issue 1 – January 2013 www.diodes.com © Diodes Incorporated 2013 6 AL8808EV1 INTENTIONALLY BLANK Issue 1 – January 2013 www.diodes.com © Diodes Incorporated 2013 7 AL8808EV1 IMPORTANT NOTICE DIODES INCORPORATED MAKES NO WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WITH REGARD TO THIS DOCUMENT, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE (AND THEIR EQUIVALENTS UNDER THE LAWS OF ANY JURISDICTION). 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