AL9910EV7 Modification Guide

AL9910EV7
Triac Dimmable 120VAC
Evaluation Board
- Modification Guide -
Date: August 3, 2012
This document contains Diodes confidential and proprietary information
(For Internal Use Only)
AL9910EV7 120VAC Dimmable Modification Guide
August 2012
1. Standard Evaluation Board Schematic
9
5
2
6
4
2
8
7
1
Figure 1: Standard Evaluation Board Schematic
2. Modification Summary
Based on the 8 LEDs configuration, we modified the following components to achieve
higher efficiency:
1. Inductor (L2) – Coilcraft (MSS1278T-105KLB) with lower conduction and
switching losses
2. MOSFET (Q1) – Alpha Omega (AOD4S60) with a low RDS(on) (0.9Ω) and low Qg
(6nc)
3. Freewheeling Diode (D2) – Diodes (ES1G-13-F) with a faster recovery time of
25nSec
4. ROSC resistor - Increase R32 to 440KΩ to lower the switching frequency
5. Gate drive resistor – Decrease R6 to 4.73Ω to turn on the MOSFET faster
AL9910EV7 Rev 1
(8/3/2012)
- For Internal Use Only -
Page 2 of 15
3
AL9910EV7 120VAC Dimmable Modification Guide
August 2012
We concluded the overall efficiency can be improved higher using the standard EVB to
around 87%. In addition, we connected the 120VAC Lutron dimmer (P/N LG-603PG) at
full brightness setting, the efficiency maintained at 80%.
3. Introduction
This report shows how to select components and change applications circuitry from the
standard EVB to meet certain customer’s requirement.
Customers have different requirement for their customized LED applications. We can
modify our standard evaluation board to fulfill their needs and shorten the design-in
time. Customers usually provide a set of test conditions such as input/output voltage,
number of output LEDs, output LED current, output ripple current, power factor, and
efficiency.
4. Modifications from Standard EVB
Here is a list of parameters that allows user to change the applications circuitry using
our standard EVB to meet their customized LEDs requirements:
1. How to adjust output LED current (ILED)
User can change the Rsense resistor (R7) and Power Inductor (L2) to a different value
to decrease or increase the output LED current.
Table below shows typical values for R7 and L2 selection to meet the I LED
requirement:
Rsense
(Ω)
1.91
1.62
1.50
1.20
Power Inductor
(mH)
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
ILED
(mA)
260
425
500
700
2. How to improve efficiency (Eff)
Efficiency varies with several parameters:
 ILED
LED current is direct proportional to the intensity of the light. The higher ILED will
increase the efficiency based on the power equation, Pout = Vout * ILED.
However, user needs to know the current limit of the types of LEDs and not to
exceed this limit.
AL9910EV7 Rev 1
(8/3/2012)
- For Internal Use Only -
Page 3 of 15
AL9910EV7 120VAC Dimmable Modification Guide

August 2012
Numbers of LEDs
Typical LED voltage is 3.3V, the numbers of LEDs determine the Vout and based on
the power equation, Pout = Vout * ILED. When the numbers of LEDs increase, Vout will
increase accordingly and affects the efficiency.

MOSFET selection
Power MOSFET is acting as a switch to regulate the voltage across the output of the
LED. In conjunction with the current feedback loop circuitry, when the ILED exceeded
the limit, MOSFET will turn off to protect the LEDs.
Two main parameters for MOSFETs selection to enhance the efficiency are:
Low RDS(on) will reduce the conduction loss and Low Qg will reduce the switching
loss.

MOSFET Gate Drive
Improve the gate drive by lowering R6 from 22Ω to 4.7Ω so the MOSFET will turn on
faster and improve the efficiency.

Switching Inductor
With proper selection of the right inductance value, inductors can delivery system
running under continue conduction mode to provide maximum efficiency
performance.
The following parameters are needed to be defined or calculate for inductance
operating in continue conduction mode:





Maximum input voltage
Minimum input voltage
Maximum switching frequency
Maximum LED ripple current
Duty cycle
Select a larger value inductance with +/-20% tolerance. Unfortunately, larger
inductance requires more winding and tends to be higher DCR and cost.
So the final inductor selection depends on four main design criteria: efficiency,
electromagnetic interference (EMI), dimension, and cost. In handheld battery
powered applications: high efficiency, low EMI, and smallest spacing are required.
For retrofit LED lighting applications, the lowest cost solution is often employed for
AC utility supply.
Recommend to check each inductor "roll off" and frequency response beside
parameters like Irms, Isat, and DCR. Refer to the data sheet for frequency response
curves. For EV7 application, use the MSS1260T series high temperature power
inductor from Coilcraft.
Total inductor loss comes from two factors: inductor core loss which is switching
frequency related and DCR loss which is conduction resistance loss.
AL9910EV7 Rev 1
(8/3/2012)
- For Internal Use Only -
Page 4 of 15
AL9910EV7 120VAC Dimmable Modification Guide

August 2012
Free-Wheeling diode
Freewheeling diode is used to eliminate flyback, the sudden voltage spike across an
inductive load and provide continuously current into the inductor when power
MOSFET is suddenly switched OFF.
Here are the selection criteria for the diode:
 Peak forward current capacity (IPEAK), reverse breakdown voltage (VR), and
average rectified output current (IO)
 Lower forward voltage drop (VF) and faster reverse recovery time (trr) are
recommended for better power efficiency.
3. How to reduce output ripple
User can add a Electrolytic Capacitor with proper voltage rating across LED+ (X3)
and LED- (X4) to suppress the amplitude of the output waveform. Install the
Electrolytic Capacitor carefully to make sure it will able to fit into the E27/A19 light
bulbs housing.
Typical Electrolytic Capacitor values shown:
Electrolytic Capacitor
(µF)
330 µF 50V
470 µF 50V
680 µF 50V
1000 µF 50V
Output Ripple
Suppressed
7%
26%
46%
60%
4. How to adjust operating switching frequency
User can set AL9910 either on constant frequency or constant off time modes.
Constant switching frequency
Connect a resistor between Rosc pin and Ground pin.
Use tosc = (Rosc + 22)/ 25 µs
Switching frequency will impact efficiency. Be careful to have Duty cycle > 0.5 and
min Ton >Tblank time (smaller number of LED and in low power mode < 3W) when
use at constant frequency mode.
Constant Off time (Variable Frequency)
Connect Rosc between Rosc pin and Gate of external MOSFET. The switching
frequency varies as either Vin or Vout changes. More suitable to be used for Triac
AL9910EV7 Rev 1
(8/3/2012)
- For Internal Use Only -
Page 5 of 15
AL9910EV7 120VAC Dimmable Modification Guide
August 2012
Dimming application circuitry that Vin and Vout are changing according to dimmer
positions. Help to remove instability issue from Duty cycle > 50%.
5. How to reduce harmonic distortion
Harmonic is a measurement of amplitude and frequency of the input source.
Harmonic distortion also depends on the numbers of LEDs and ILED.
User can add capacitors both at input and output on the EVBs. However, adding
components will impact BOM cost. The most economical way is to add just an output
capacitor across LED+ (X3) and LED- (X4) and it will reduce the harmonic.
For the EV7 application, add a 220µF/50V 20% radial capacitor will be sufficient to
reduce the harmonic.
6. How to adjust holding current and dimmer compatibility
The AL9910 triac dimming evaluation board includes a bleeder circuit to ensure
proper triac operation by allowing current flow while the line voltage is low to enable
proper firing of the triac since the existing triac dimmer requires a small amount of a
few milliamps of current to hold them on throughout the AC line cycle. An external
resistor (R17) needs to be placed on the source of Q2 to GND to perform this
function. The R17 resistor can be adjusted independently. As the holding resistor
R17 is increased, the overall efficiency will also increase.
7. How to improve triac dimming range
The AL9910EV7 evaluation board has been optimized with the dimming circuit for
triac dimming controls. It is mainly used for both forward phase and reverse phase
dimmers using a 120VAC input. In practice, a triac or electronic dimmer can be
inserted in series to the hot line voltage after the AC power supply or AC wall power
supply, which is then connected directly to the input of the LED driver board. As the
AC power supply can be set at any voltage, normally at 120V AC for the AL9910EV7
evaluation board, the dimmer can be adjusted from maximum dimming range that
provides full brightness of LEDs to minimum dimming range that provides the lowest
brightness before it completely turns off at a cut-off threshold.
For design flexibility for different condition requirements, the value of resistance in
the dimming circuit can be selected to provide wide maximum and minimum range of
LED dimming.
Table below shows maximum and minimum LED dimming ranges:
AL9910EV7 Rev 1
(8/3/2012)
- For Internal Use Only -
Page 6 of 15
AL9910EV7 120VAC Dimmable Modification Guide
Resistor
R25 (Refer to figure 2 –
Standard EVB’s
schematic)
R2 (Refer to figure 2 –
Standard EVB’s
schematic)
August 2012
Comment
Lower R25 (20 KΩ) to an acceptable value if needed
(based on the type of dimmers) to achieve lower LED
dimming range
Lower R2 (10 KΩ) to an acceptable value if needed (based
on the type of dimmers) to achieve higher LED dimming
range
Here is a list of Triac dimmers which were tested in our lab:
Model Number
Voltage
(VAC
Input)
1
LG-603PG
120
2
DV-603PG
120
DV-600P
120
4
CTCL-153PD
120
5
TGCL-153P
120
6
D106P
120
SLC03P
120
NOM426
120
Item #
3
7
Dimmer
Type
Lutron
Copper
8
AL9910EV7 Rev 1
(8/3/2012)
- For Internal Use Only -
Page 7 of 15
AL9910EV7 120VAC Dimmable Modification Guide
August 2012
Test Fixture
AC Input
(90V to 130V)
AL9910EV7
Triac
Dimmer
LEDs bank
8. How to adjust Power Factor Correction (PFC)
EV7 power factor correction circuitry contains R42, R43, R44 and Q6. It works as a
controlled voltage divider added into the current feedback loop to have the input
current waveform matched with the voltage waveform will improve the power factor.
But adjust R42 and R44 to have a high power factor may hurt LED current line
rejection tolerance. Disable this circuitry to replace with valley-fill circuitry which is a
passive power factor correction. It can maintain a stable LED current over line
voltage variation and good power factor at a higher BOM cost trade off.
9. How to improve Electromagnetic Interference (EMI)
Standard EV7 did not come with line EMI filter.
EMI results may relate to customer's PCB layout, power source, loading conditions,
LED lamp fixtures designs, components selection, switching frequency, and EMI
filter design.
User may consider using:
 Common mode filter (ELF-11090E)
 Differential mode inductor (MSS1260-105KL-KLB)
 Choke RF Shielded inductor (RL875S)
for EMI enhancement. However, it will need a joined collaboration with sharing
AL9910EV7 Rev 1
(8/3/2012)
- For Internal Use Only -
Page 8 of 15
AL9910EV7 120VAC Dimmable Modification Guide
August 2012
product information between customers and Diodes application supporting team to
develop an optimize EMI solution.
AL9910EV7 Rev 1
(8/3/2012)
- For Internal Use Only -
Page 9 of 15
AL9910EV7 120VAC Dimmable Modification Guide
August 2012
5. Standard Evaluation Board Connections
Board Dimension (components included):
WxLxH (in mm) = 20mm x 33mm x 19mm
LED+
LED-
AC-
AC+
Figure 2: Top-View Board
Recommended Test conditions:
Input Voltage: 120VAC, 60Hz
LED Output Voltage: 24VDC
LED Output Current: 300mA
Efficiency: 87%.
Note: Use the MOSFET (Q1 - AOD4S60) and lower the gate drive resistor R6 to 4.7Ω.
Connection Instructions:
AC+ (X1) Input:
Red – Hot
AC- (X2) Input:
Black - Neutral
DC LED+ (X3) Output:
LED+ (Red)
DC LED- (X4) Output:
LED- (Black)
AL9910EV7 Rev 1
(8/3/2012)
- For Internal Use Only -
Page 10 of 15
AL9910EV7 120VAC Dimmable Modification Guide
August 2012
6. Standard AL9910A Pin Assignment and Description
AL9910A Pin Assignment
(Top View)
VIN
1
CS
GND
2
Gate
8
Rosc
3
7
6
LD
VDD
4
5
PWM_D
AL9910A
SO-8
AL9910A Pin Description
Pin Name
Pin Number
VIN
CS
GND
Gate
1
2
3
4
PWM_D
5
VDD
6
LD
7
ROSC
8
AL9910EV7 Rev 1
(8/3/2012)
Description
Input voltage
Senses LED string current
Device ground
Drives the gate of the external MOSFET
Low Frequency PWM Dimming pin, also Enable input. Internal 100kΩ pull-down to
GND
Internally regulated supply voltage. 7.5V nominal for AL9910. Can supply up to 1mA
for external circuitry. A sufficient storage capacitor is used to provide storage when
the rectified AC input is near the zero crossings
Linear Dimming by changing the current limit threshold at current sense comparator
Oscillator control. A resistor connected between this pin and ground sets the PWM
frequency.
- For Internal Use Only -
Page 11 of 15
AL9910EV7 120VAC Dimmable Modification Guide
August 2012
7. Standard Evaluation Board BOM List
Item
Comment
C1
C1206 0.047u 630V
C4,
C0603 4.7u 16V
C6,
C41
C0603 1u 16V
C5
C7,
C8,
C12
C9,
C13,
C14
C0402 220p 50V
C0603 0.1u 16V
C0805 –
4.7u 50V
C10
C1206 –
1n 500V
C11
C0603 –
4.7u 10V
C15
C0805 0.022u 450V
C40
C0603 –
2.2u 16V
C42
C1206 –
0.22u 250V
X5X6
C0.22µF,
250V
D1
HD06
D2
D3,
D5,
D8
MURS160
D6
1N4148WT
SRR6028681Y
L1
SM4005PLTP
AL9910EV7 Rev 1
(8/3/2012)
Description
Multilayer Ceramic
Capacitors (1206)
0.047µF 630V 10%
Multilayer Ceramic
Capacitors (0603)
4.7µF 16V 10%
Multilayer Ceramic
Capacitors (0603)
1.0µF 16V 10%
Multilayer Ceramic
Capacitors (0402)
220pF 50V 5%
Multilayer Ceramic
Capacitors (0603)
0.1µF 16V 10%
Multilayer Ceramic
Capacitors (0805)
4.7µF 50V 10%
Multilayer Ceramic
Capacitors (1206)
1nF 500V 10%
Multilayer Ceramic
Capacitors (0603)
4.7µF 10V 10%
Multilayer Ceramic
Capacitors (0805)
0.022µF 450V 10%
Multilayer Ceramic
Capacitors (0603)
2.2µF 16V 10%
Multilayer Ceramic
Capacitors (1206)
0.22µF 250V 10%
Polyester Film
Capacitor
Bridge Rectifiers
0.8A, 600V
Super-Fast Rectifiers
1.0A, 600V
Diode SIL 1.0A, 600V
Fast Switching Diode
100V
Power Inductors
680µH 220mA
Size
Qty
Manufacturer
Part Number
C1206
1
Murata
C3216X7T2J473M/SOFT
C0603
1
TDK
C1608X5R1C475M
C0603
2
TDK
C1608X7R1C105K
C0402
1
Murata
GRM155R71H221JA01J
C0603
3
Murata
GCM188R71C104KA37D
C0805
3
TDK
C2012X5R1H475K
C1206
1
Vishay/Vitramon
VJ1206Y102KXEAT5Z
C0603
1
AVX
0603ZD475KAT2A
C0805
1
TDK
C2012X7T2W223K
C0603
1
TDK
C1608X5R1C225KT
C1206
WxLxH
(mm)
5.5 x
10.3 x
15.5
1
TDK
C3216X7T2E224K
1
Panasonic
ECQ-E2224JB
MiniDip
1
Diodes Inc
HD06-T
SMB
1
Diodes Inc
MURS160-13-F
3
Micro
Commercial Co
SM4005PL-TP
1
Diodes Inc
1N4148WT-7
1
Bourns
SRR6028-681Y
Power
lite 123
SOD523
L6028
- For Internal Use Only -
Page 12 of 15
AL9910EV7 120VAC Dimmable Modification Guide
L2
7447709102
Q1
STD7NM60N
Q2
SPD01N60C3
Q6
BC847C
R1
S07K300
R2
R1206 – 10k
R3
R6,
R40
R0402 - 2k
R7
R0805 - 1.62
R9
R0402 - 1k
R10
R0805 - 10k
R11
R0402 - 2.2M
R12
R13
R0402 - 200k
R1206 –
4.7M
R14
R1206 - 348k
R15
R0402 - 4.3k
R16
R0402 - 120k
R17
R1206 – 249
R47
R18,
R20
R1206 – 200
R19
R0402 - 1.2M
R21
R0805 - 510k
R22
R0402 - 300k
R23
R1206 - 750k
R35
R0805 - 750k
R0402 - 22
R0805 - 1M
AL9910EV7 Rev 1
(8/3/2012)
Power Inductors
0.9A, 1mH
MOSFET Power NChan 600V, 5 Amp
MOSFET Power
COOL MOS N-CH
650V, 0.8A
NPN Surface Small
Signal Transistor
100mA, 45V
Varistors 300Vrms
7MM Radial
Chip Resistor (1206)
10kΩ 1/10W 1%
Chip Resistor (0402)
2kΩ 1/10W 1%
Chip Resistor (0402)
22Ω 1/10W 1%
Chip Resistor (0805)
1.62Ω 1/8W 1%
Chip Resistor (0402)
1kΩ 1/10W 1%
Chip Resistor (0805)
10kΩ 1/8W 1%
Chip Resistor (0402)
2.2MΩ 1/10W 5%
Chip Resistor (0402)
200kΩ 1/10W 1%
Chip Resistor (1206)
4.7MΩ 1/4W 5%
Chip Resistor (1206)
348kΩ 1/4W 1%
Chip Resistor (0402)
4.3kΩ 1/10W 1%
Chip Resistor (0402)
120kΩ 1/10W 1%
Chip Resistor (1206)
249Ω 1/4W 1%
Chip Resistor (1206)
200Ω 1/4W 1%
Chip Resistor (0805)
1MΩ 1/8W 1%
Chip Resistor (0402)
1.2MΩ 1/10W 5%
Chip Resistor (0805)
510kΩ 1/8W 1%
Chip Resistor (0402)
300kΩ 1/10W 1%
Chip Resistor (1206)
750kΩ 1/3W 5%
Chip Resistor (0805)
750kΩ 1/4W 5%
August 2012
L12.5 x
12.5 x
10
1
D-PAK
1
Wurth
Electronics
ST
Microelectronics
D-PAK
1
Infineon
SPD01N60C3
1
Diodes Inc
BC847C-7-F
1
EPCOS
Panasonic ECG
Panasonic ECG
Panasonic ECG
S07K300
Vishay
Panasonic ECG
Panasonic ECG
Panasonic ECG
Panasonic ECG
Rohm
Semiconductor
CRCW08051R62FKEA
Vishay/Dale
Panasonic ECG
Panasonic ECG
Rohm
Semiconductor
Panasonic ECG
Panasonic ECG
Panasonic ECG
Panasonic ECG
Panasonic ECG
Panasonic ECG
Panasonic ECG
CRCW1206348KFKEA
SOT23
Disc
7mm
R1206
1
R0402
1
R0402
2
R0805
1
R0402
1
R0805
1
R0402
1
R0402
1
R1206
1
R0805
1
R0402
1
R0402
1
R1206
1
R1206
1
R0805
2
R0402
1
R0805
1
R0402
1
R1206
1
R0805
1
- For Internal Use Only -
7447709102
STD7NM60N
ERJ-P8J103V
ERJ-2RKF2001X
ERJ-2RKF22R0X
ERJ-2RKF1001X
ERJ-6ENF1002V
ERJ-2GEJ225X
ERJ-2RKF2003X
MCR18EZHJ475
ERJ-2RKF4301X
ERJ-2RKF1203X
MCR18EZHF2490
ERJ-8ENF2000V
ERJ-6ENF1004V
ERJ-2GEJ125X
ERJ-6ENF5103V
ERJ-2RKF3003X
ERJ-P08J754V
ERJ-P06J754V
Page 13 of 15
AL9910EV7 120VAC Dimmable Modification Guide
R25
R0402 - 20k
R29
R0603 - 180k
R32
R0402 - 360k
R41
R42
R0402 - 750k
R1206 –
1.6M
R43
R0402 - 200
R44
R0402 - 4.7k
R45
R0402 - 100k
R46
R0402 - 150k
R47
R48
R1206 – 390
Thru-hole –
150
R49
R1206 – 15k
U1
AL9910ASP
-13
U2
LM2903
AL9910EV7 Rev 1
(8/3/2012)
Chip Resistor (0402)
20kΩ 1/10W 1%
Chip Resistor (0603)
180kΩ 1/10W 1%
Chip Resistor (0402)
360kΩ 1/10W 1%
Chip Resistor (0402)
750kΩ 1/10W 1%
Chip Resistor (1206)
1.6MΩ 1/4W 5%
Chip Resistor (0402)
200Ω 1/10W 1%
Chip Resistor (0402)
4.7kΩ 1/10W 1%
Chip Resistor (0402)
100kΩ 1/10W 1%
Chip Resistor (0402)
150kΩ 1/10W 1%
Chip Resistor (1206)
390Ω 1/3W 5%
Through-hole 150Ω 1/2W 5%
Chip Resistor (1206)
15kΩ 1/3W 5%
LED Drivers - 10V
LED Driver PWM 85
to 277VAC
Comparator IC - Low
Power Dual Voltage
R0402
1
R0603
1
R0402
1
R0402
1
R1206
1
R0402
1
R0402
1
R0402
1
R0402
1
R1206
1
Axial
1
R1206
1
SO8EP
1
SO-8
1
- For Internal Use Only -
Rohm
Semiconductor
Panasonic ECG
Panasonic ECG
Panasonic ECG
Rohm
Semiconductor
Panasonic ECG
Panasonic ECG
Panasonic ECG
Panasonic ECG
Rohm
Semiconductor
Panasonic ECG
Rohm
Semiconductor
Diodes Inc
ST
Microelectronics
August 2012
TRR01MZPF2002
ERJ-3EKF1803V
ERJ-2RKF3603X
ERJ-2RKF7503X
MCR18EZHJ165
ERJ-2RKF2000X
ERJ-2RKF4701X
ERJ-2RKF1003X
ERJ-2RKF1503X
ESR18EZPJ391
ERD-S1TJ151V
ESR18EZPJ153
AL9910ASP-13
LM2903DT
Page 14 of 15
AL9910EV7 120VAC Dimmable Modification Guide
August 2012
IMPORTANT NOTICE
DIODES INCORPORATED MAKES NO WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WITH REGARDS TO THIS
DOCUMENT, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A
PARTICULAR PURPOSE (AND THEIR EQUIVALENTS UNDER THE LAWS OF ANY JURISDICTION).
Diodes Incorporated and its subsidiaries reserve the right to make modifications, enhancements, improvements, corrections or other
changes without further notice to this document and any product described herein. Diodes Incorporated does not assume any
liability arising out of the application or use of this document or any product described herein; neither does Diodes Incorpo rated
convey any license under its patent or trademark rights, nor the rights of others. Any Customer or user of this document or products
described herein in such applications shall assume all risks of such use and will agree to hold Diodes Incorporated and all t he
companies whose products are represented on Diodes Incorporated website, harmless against all damages.
Diodes Incorporated does not warrant or accept any liability whatsoever in respect of any products purchased through unauthor ized
sales channel.
Should Customers purchase or use Diodes Incorporated products for any unintended or unauth orized application, Customers shall
indemnify and hold Diodes Incorporated and its representatives harmless against all claims, damages, expenses, and attorney f ees
arising out of, directly or indirectly, any claim of personal injury or death associated wi th such unintended or unauthorized
application.
Products described herein may be covered by one or more United States, international or foreign patents pending. Product nam es
and markings noted herein may also be covered by one or more United States, international or foreign trademarks.
LIFE SUPPORT
Diodes Incorporated products are specifically not authorized for use as critical components in life support devices or systems
without the express written approval of the Chief Executive Officer of Diodes Incorporated. As used herein:
A. Life support devices or systems are devices or systems which:
1. are intended to implant into the body, or
2. support or sustain life and whose failure to perform when properly used in accordance with instructions for use provided
in the labeling can be reasonably expected to result in significant injury to the user.
B.
A critical component is any component in a life support device or system whose failure to perfor m can be reasonably expected
to cause the failure of the life support device or to affect its safety or effectiveness.
Customers represent that they have all necessary expertise in the safety and regulatory ramifications of their life support d evices or
systems, and acknowledge and agree that they are solely responsible for all legal, regulatory and safety-related requirements
concerning their products and any use of Diodes Incorporated products in such safety-critical, life support devices or systems,
notwithstanding any devices- or systems-related information or support that may be provided by Diodes Incorporated. Further,
Customers must fully indemnify Diodes Incorporated and its representatives against any damages arising out of the use of Diod es
Incorporated products in such safety-critical, life support devices or systems.
Copyright © 2012, Diodes Incorporated
www.diodes.com
AL9910EV7 Rev 1
(8/3/2012)
- For Internal Use Only -
Page 15 of 15