CP2110 Single-Chip HID USB to UART Bridge

C P 2 11 0
S INGLE - C HIP HID USB T O UART B RIDGE
Single-Chip HID USB to UART Data Transfer
Integrated
UART Interface Features
USB transceiver; no external resistors
Flow
required
Integrated clock; no external crystal required
Integrated 343-byte one-time programmable ROM for
storing customizable product information
On-chip power-on reset circuit
On-chip voltage regulator: 3.45 V output
USB Peripheral Function Controller
USB
USB
Specification 2.0 compliant; full-speed (12 Mbps)
suspend states supported via SUSPEND pins
control options:
- Hardware (CTS / RTS)
- No flow control
Data formats supported:
- Data bits: 5, 6, 7, and 8
- Stop bits: 1, 1.5, and 2
- Parity: odd, even, mark, space, no parity
Baud rates: 300 bps to 1 Mbps
480 Byte receive and transmit buffers
RS-485 mode with bus transceiver control
Line break transmission
GPIO Interface Features
HID Interface
Standard
USB class device requires no custom driver
Windows 7, Vista, XP, Server 2003, 2000
Win CE 6.0, 5.0, and 4.2
Mac OS-X
Linux
Open access to interface specification
Windows and MAC HID-to-UART Libraries
APIs
for quick application development
Supports Windows 7, Vista, XP, Server 2003, 2000
Supports Mac OS X
Supply Voltage
10
GPIO pins with configurable options
as inputs, open-drain or push-pull outputs
Configurable clock output for external devices
- 24 MHz to 47 kHz
RS-485 bus transceiver control
Toggle LED upon transmission
Toggle LED upon reception
Usable
Ordering Part Numbers
CP2110-F01-GM
(QFN24, 4 x 4 mm, Pb-free)
(QFN28, 5 x 5 mm, Pb-free)
- QFN28 is pin-compatible with the CP2102-GM.
CP2110-F02-GM1
Temperature Range: –40 to +85 °C
Self-powered:
3.0 to 3.6 V
USB bus powered: 4.0 to 5.25 V
I/O voltage: 1.8 V to VDD
CP2110
Connect to
VBUS or
External Supply
REGIN
VDD
Voltage
Regulator
48 MHz
Oscillator
Baud Rate
Generator
GND
Data FIFOs
VBUS
D+
D+
D-
D-
Full-Speed
12 Mbps
Transceiver
Peripheral
Function
Controller
GND
RST
VPP
343 Byte PROM
(Product Customization)
RX
GPIO.1_RTS
GPIO.2_CTS
USB Interface
USB
Connector
VBUS
TX
UART
Controller
GPIO.0_CLK
480 B RX
GPIO.3_RS485
480 B TX
GPIO.4_TXT
GPIO.5_RXT
GPIO and
Suspend
Controller
GPIO.6
GPIO.8
GPIO.9
SUSPEND
VIO
GPIO
Signals
GPIO.7
SUSPEND
Logic Level
Supply
(1.8V to VDD)
UART
And
Flow
Control
Suspend
Signals
I/O Power and Logic Levels
Figure 1. Example System Diagram
Rev. 1.2 11/13
Copyright © 2013 by Silicon Laboratories
CP2110
CP2110
2
Rev. 1.2
CP2110
TABLE O F C ONTENTS
Section
Page
1. System Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
2. Electrical Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
3. Pinout and Package Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8
4. QFN-24 Package Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
5. QFN-28 Package Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
6. USB Function Controller and Transceiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
7. Asynchronous Serial Data Bus (UART) Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
8. GPIO Pins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
8.1. GPIO.0—Clock Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
8.2. GPIO.1-2—Hardware Flow Control (RTS and CTS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
8.3. GPIO.3—RS-485 Transceiver Bus Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
8.4. GPIO.4-5—Transmit and Receive Toggle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
9. One-Time Programmable ROM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
10. Voltage Regulator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
11. CP2110 Interface Specification and Windows Interface DLL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
12. Relevant Application Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Document Change List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25
Contact Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26
Rev. 1.2
3
CP2110
1. System Overview
The CP2110 is a highly-integrated HID USB-to-UART Bridge Controller providing a simple solution for updating
RS-232 designs to USB using a minimum of components and PCB space. The CP2110 includes a USB 2.0 fullspeed function controller, USB transceiver, oscillator, one-time programmable ROM, and an asynchronous serial
data bus (UART) in compact 4 x 4 mm QFN24 and 5 x 5 mm QFN28 packages (sometimes called “MLF” or
“MLP”).
The on-chip, one-time programmable ROM provides the option to customize the USB Vendor ID, Product ID,
Manufacturer Product String, Product Description String, Power Descriptor, Device Release Number, Device Serial
Number, and GPIO configuration as desired for OEM applications.
The CP2110 uses the standard USB HID device class which is natively supported by most operating systems. A
custom driver does not need to be installed for this device. Windows applications communicate with the CP2110
through a Windows DLL which is provided by Silicon Labs. The interface specification for the CP2110 is also
available to enable development of an API for any operating system that supports HID.
Note: The CP2110 devices will not enumerate as a standard HID mouse or keyboard.
The CP2110 UART interface implements all RS-232 signals, including control and hardware handshaking, so
existing system firmware does not need to be modified. The UART capabilities of the CP2110 include baud rate
support from 300 to 1 Mbps, hardware flow control, support for 5-8 data bits, 5 types of parity and RS-485 support.
The device also features a total of 10 GPIO signals that are user-defined for status and control information. Six of
the GPIO signals support alternate features including hardware flow control (RTS and CTS), a configurable clock
output (24 MHz to 47 kHz), RS-485 transceiver control, and TX and RX LED toggle. On the –GM packages,
support for I/O interface voltages down to 1.8 V is provided via a VIO pin. On the -GM1 packages, the VIO pin is
internally tied to VDD.
An evaluation kit for the CP2110 (Part Number: CP2110EK) is available. It includes a CP2110-based USB-toUART/RS-232 evaluation board, Windows DLL and test application, USB and RS-232 cables, and full
documentation. See www.silabs.com for the latest application notes and product support information for the
CP2110. Contact a Silicon Labs sales representatives or go to www.silabs.com to order the CP2110 Evaluation Kit.
4
Rev. 1.2
CP2110
2. Electrical Characteristics
Table 1. Absolute Maximum Ratings
Parameter
Test Condition
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
Ambient Temperature under Bias
–55
—
125
°C
Storage Temperature
–65
—
150
°C
VIO > 2.2 V
VIO < 2.2 V
–0.3
–0.3
—
—
5.8
VIO +
3.6
V
VDD > 3.0 V
VDD not powered
–0.3
–0.3
—
—
5.8
VDD +
3.6
V
–0.3
—
4.2
V
Maximum Total Current through VDD, VIO, and GND
—
—
500
mA
Maximum Output Current Sunk by RST or any I/O
pin
—
—
100
mA
Voltage on RST, GPIO or UART Pins with respect to
GND
Voltage on VBUS with respect to GND
Voltage on VDD or VIO with respect to GND
Note: Stresses above those listed may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only, and functional
operation of the devices at or exceeding the conditions in the operation listings of this specification is not implied.
Exposure to maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
Table 2. Global DC Electrical Characteristics
VDD = 3.0 to 3.6 V, –40 to +85 °C unless otherwise specified.
Parameter
Test Condition
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
3.0
—
3.6
V
–GM packages only
VDD = VIO on –GM1
1.8
—
VDD
V
VIO > 3.3 V
5.75
—
VIO + 3.6
V
—
4.7
—
µF
Normal Operation;
VREG Enabled
—
11.3
12.5
mA
Suspended;
VREG Enabled
—
120
220
µA
—
200
228
µA
–40
—
+85
°C
Digital Supply Voltage (VDD)
Digital Port I/O Supply Voltage (VIO)
Voltage on VPP with respect to GND during a
ROM programming operation
Capacitor on VPP for ROM programming
Supply Current
1
Supply Current1
Supply Current—USB Pull-up2
Specified Operating Temperature Range
Notes:
1. If the device is connected to the USB bus, the USB pull-up current should be added to the supply current to calculate
total required current.
2. The USB pull-up supply current values are calculated values based on USB specifications.
Rev. 1.2
5
CP2110
Table 3. UART and Suspend I/O DC Electrical Characteristics
VIO = 1.8 to 3.6 V, –40 to +85 °C unless otherwise specified.
Parameters
Test Condition
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
IOH = –10 µA
IOH = –3 mA
IOH = –10 mA
VIO – 0.1
VIO – 0.2
—
—
—
VIO – 0.4
—
—
—
V
IOL = 10 µA
IOL = 8.5 mA
IOL = 25 mA
—
—
—
—
—
0.6
0.1
0.4
—
V
Input High Voltage (VIH)
0.7 x VIO
—
—
V
Input Low Voltage (VIL)
—
—
0.6
V
Output High Voltage (VOH)
Output Low Voltage (VOL)
Input Leakage Current
Weak Pull-Up Off
Weak Pull-Up On, VIO = 0 V
—
—
—
25
1
50
µA
Maximum Input Voltage
Open drain, logic high (1)
—
—
5.8
V
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
RST Input High Voltage
0.75 x VIO
—
—
V
RST Input Low Voltage
—
—
0.6
V
Minimum RST Low Time to
Generate a System Reset
15
—
—
µs
VDD Ramp Time for
Power On
—
—
1
ms
Table 4. Reset Electrical Characteristics
–40 to +85 °C unless otherwise specified.
Parameter
6
Test Condition
Rev. 1.2
CP2110
Table 5. Voltage Regulator Electrical Specifications
–40 to +85 °C unless otherwise specified.
Parameter
Test Condition
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
3.0
—
5.25
V
3.3
3.45
3.6
V
VBUS Detection Input Threshold
2.5
—
—
V
Bias Current
—
—
120
µA
Input Voltage Range
Output Voltage
Output Current = 1 to 100 mA*
*Note: The maximum regulator supply current is 100 mA. This includes the supply current of the CP2110.
Table 6. GPIO Output Specifications
–40 to +85 °C unless otherwise specified.
Parameter
Test Condition
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
Output x
0.985
Output1
Output x
1.015
Hz
RS-485 Active Time After Stop Bit
—
1
—
bit time2
TX Toggle Rate
—
10
—
Hz
RX Toggle Rate
—
10
—
Hz
GPIO.0 Clock Output
1. The output frequency is configurable from 24 MHz to 47 kHz.
2. Bit-time is calculated as 1/baud rate.
Rev. 1.2
7
CP2110
3. Pinout and Package Definitions
Table 7. CP2110 Pin Definitions
Name
VDD
–GM –GM1
QFN24 QFN28
6
6
Type
Description
Power In Power Supply Voltage Input.
Power Out Voltage Regulator Output. See Section 10.
VIO
5
GND
2
3
RST
9
9
REGIN
7
7
VBUS
8
8
D In
VPP
16*
18*
Special
D+
3
4
D I/O
USB D+
D–
4
5
D I/O
USB D–
TX
21
26
D Out
Asynchronous data output (UART Transmit) for the UART Interface.
RX
20
25
D In
Asynchronous data input (UART Receive) for the UART Interface.
GPIO.0
1*
2*
D I/O
In GPIO mode, this pin is a user-configurable input or output.
D Out
In CLK mode, this pin outputs a configurable frequency clock signal.
D I/O
In GPIO mode, this pin is a user-configurable input or output.
D Out
In hardware flow control mode, this pin is the Ready To Send control
output (active low) for the UART interface.
D I/O
In GPIO mode, this pin is a user-configurable input or output.
D In
In hardware flow control mode, this pin is the Clear To Send control input
(active low) for the UART interface.
D I/O
In GPIO mode, this pin is a user-configurable input or output.
D Out
In RS-485 mode, this pin is the transmit active pin for the RS-485
transceiver.
Power In I/O Supply Voltage Input.
Internally connected to VDD on –GM1 packages.
CLK
GPIO.1
24*
24*
RTS
GPIO.2
23*
23*
CTS
GPIO.3
RS485
22*
1*
Ground. Must be tied to ground.
D I/O
Device Reset. Open-drain output of internal POR or VDD monitor. An
external source can initiate a system reset by driving this pin low for the
time specified in Table 4.
Power In 5 V Regulator Input. This pin is the input to the on-chip voltage regulator.
VBUS Sense Input. This pin should be connected to the VBUS signal of a
USB network.
Connect 4.7 F capacitor between this pin and ground to support ROM
programming via the USB interface.
*Note: Pins can be left unconnected when not used.
8
Rev. 1.2
CP2110
Table 7. CP2110 Pin Definitions (Continued)
Name
GPIO.4
–GM –GM1
QFN24 QFN28
19*
28*
TXT
GPIO.5
18*
27*
RXT
Type
Description
D I/O
In GPIO mode, this pin is a user-configurable input or output.
D Out
In TXT mode, this pin is the Transmit Toggle pin and toggles to indicate
UART transmission. The pin is logic high when a transmission is not in
progress.
D I/O
In GPIO mode, this pin is a user-configurable input or output for the
Standard Comm Interface.
D Out
In RXT mode, this pin is the Receive Toggle pin. The pin is logic high
when the UART is not receiving data.
GPIO.6
15*
19*
D I/O
This pin is a user-configurable input or output.
GPIO.7
14*
17*
D I/O
This pin is a user-configurable input or output.
GPIO.8
13*
16*
D I/O
This pin is a user-configurable input or output.
GPIO.9
12*
10*
D I/O
This pin is a user-configurable input or output.
SUSPEND
11*
12*
D Out
This pin is logic high when the CP2110 is in the USB Suspend state.
SUSPEND
17*
11*
D Out
This pin is logic low when the CP2110 is in the USB Suspend state.
N/C
10*
13, 14,
15, 20,
21, 22*
No connect. This pin should be left unconnected or tied to VIO.
*Note: Pins can be left unconnected when not used.
Rev. 1.2
9
GPIO.1_RTS
GPIO.2_CTS
GPIO.3_RS485
TX
RX
GPIO.4_TXT
24
23
22
21
20
19
CP2110
GPIO.0_CLK
1
18
GPIO.5_RXT
GND
2
17
SUSPEND
D+
3
16
VPP
D-
4
15
GPIO.6
VIO
5
14
GPIO.7
VDD
6
13
GPIO.8
CP2110-GM
Top View
7
8
9
10
11
12
REGIN
VBUS
RST
N/C
SUSPEND
GPIO.9
GND (optional)
Figure 2. QFN-24 Pinout Diagram (Top View)
10
Rev. 1.2
GPIO.4_TXT
GPIO.5_RXT
TXD
RXD
GPIO.1_RTS
GPIO.2_CTS
N.C.
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
CP2110
GPIO.3_RS485
1
21
N.C.
GPIO.0_CLK
2
20
N.C.
GND
3
19
GPIO.6
D+
4
18
VPP
D–
5
17
GPIO.7
VDD
6
16
GPIO.8
REGIN
7
15
N.C
CP2110-GM1
Top View
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
VBUS
RST
GPIO.9
SUSPEND
SUSPEND
N.C.
N.C.
GND (Optional)
Figure 3. QFN-28 Pinout Diagram (Top View)
Rev. 1.2
11
CP2110
4. QFN-24 Package Specifications
Figure 4. QFN-24 Package Drawing
Table 8. QFN-24 Package Dimensions
Dimension
Min
Typ
Max
Dimension
Min
Typ
Max
A
A1
b
D
D2
e
E
E2
0.70
0.00
0.18
0.75
0.02
0.25
4.00 BSC.
2.70
0.50 BSC.
4.00 BSC.
2.70
0.80
0.05
0.30
L
L1
aaa
bbb
ddd
eee
Z
Y
0.30
0.00
—
—
—
—
—
—
0.40
—
—
—
—
—
0.24
0.18
0.50
0.15
0.15
0.10
0.05
0.08
—
—
2.55
2.55
2.80
2.80
Notes:
1. All dimensions shown are in millimeters (mm) unless otherwise noted.
2. Dimensioning and Tolerancing per ANSI Y14.5M-1994.
3. This drawing conforms to JEDEC Solid State Outline MO-220, variation WGGD except for
custom features D2, E2, Z, Y, and L which are toleranced per supplier designation.
4. Recommended card reflow profile is per the JEDEC/IPC J-STD-020 specification for Small Body
Components.
12
Rev. 1.2
CP2110
Figure 5. QFN-24 Recommended PCB Land Pattern
Table 9. QFN-24 PCB Land Pattern Dimensions
Dimension
Min
Max
Dimension
Min
Max
C1
C2
E
X1
3.90
3.90
4.00
4.00
X2
Y1
Y2
2.70
0.65
2.70
2.80
0.75
2.80
0.50 BSC
0.20
0.30
Notes:
General
1. All dimensions shown are in millimeters (mm) unless otherwise noted.
2. This Land Pattern Design is based on the IPC-7351 guidelines.
Solder Mask Design
3. All metal pads are to be non-solder mask defined (NSMD). Clearance between the solder
mask and the metal pad is to be 60 m minimum, all the way around the pad.
Stencil Design
4. A stainless steel, laser-cut and electro-polished stencil with trapezoidal walls should be used
to assure good solder paste release.
5. The stencil thickness should be 0.125 mm (5 mils).
6. The ratio of stencil aperture to land pad size should be 1:1 for all perimeter pads.
7. A 2 x 2 array of 1.10 x 1.10 mm openings on a 1.30 mm pitch should be used for the center
pad.
Card Assembly
8. A No-Clean, Type-3 solder paste is recommended.
9. The recommended card reflow profile is per the JEDEC/IPC J-STD-020 specification for Small
Body Components.
Rev. 1.2
13
CP2110
5. QFN-28 Package Specifications
Figure 6. QFN-28 Package Drawing
Table 10. QFN-28 Package Dimensions
Dimension
Min
Typ
Max
Dimension
Min
Typ
Max
A
A1
A3
b
D
D2
e
E
E2
0.80
0.00
0.90
0.02
0.25 REF
0.23
5.00 BSC.
3.15
0.50 BSC.
5.00 BSC.
3.15
1.00
0.05
L
L1
aaa
bbb
ddd
eee
Z
Y
0.35
0.00
0.55
—
0.15
0.10
0.05
0.08
0.44
0.18
0.65
0.15
0.18
2.90
2.90
0.30
3.35
3.35
Notes:
1. All dimensions shown are in millimeters (mm) unless otherwise noted.
2. Dimensioning and Tolerancing per ANSI Y14.5M-1994.
3. This drawing conforms to JEDEC Solid State Outline MO-220, variation VHHD except for custom
features D2, E2, L, Z, and Y which are toleranced per supplier designation.
4. Recommended card reflow profile is per the JEDEC/IPC J-STD-020 specification for Small Body
Components.
14
Rev. 1.2
CP2110
Figure 7. QFN-28 Recommended PCB Land Pattern
Table 11. QFN-28 PCB Land Pattern Dimensions
Dimension
C1
C2
E
X1
Min
Max
Dimension
Min
Max
X2
Y1
Y2
3.20
0.85
3.20
3.30
0.95
3.30
4.80
4.80
0.50
0.20
0.30
Notes:
General
1. All dimensions shown are in millimeters (mm) unless otherwise noted.
2. This Land Pattern Design is based on the IPC-7351 guidelines.
Solder Mask Design
3. All metal pads are to be non-solder mask defined (NSMD). Clearance between the solder
mask and the metal pad is to be 60 m minimum, all the way around the pad.
Stencil Design
4. A stainless steel, laser-cut and electro-polished stencil with trapezoidal walls should be used
to assure good solder paste release.
5. The stencil thickness should be 0.125 mm (5 mils).
6. The ratio of stencil aperture to land pad size should be 1:1 for all perimeter pads.
7. A 3 x 3 array of 0.90 mm openings on a 1.1 mm pitch should be used for the center pad to
assure the proper paste volume (67% Paste Coverage).
Card Assembly
8. A No-Clean, Type-3 solder paste is recommended.
9. The recommended card reflow profile is per the JEDEC/IPC J-STD-020 specification for Small
Body Components.
Rev. 1.2
15
CP2110
6. USB Function Controller and Transceiver
The Universal Serial Bus (USB) function controller in the CP2110 is a USB 2.0-compliant, full-speed device with
integrated transceiver and on-chip matching and pullup resistors. The USB function controller manages all data
transfers between the USB and the UARTs as well as command requests generated by the USB host controller
and commands for controlling the function of the UARTs and GPIO pins.
The USB Suspend and Resume modes are supported for power management of both the CP2110 device as well
as external circuitry. The CP2110 enters Suspend mode when Suspend signaling is detected on the bus. Upon
entering Suspend mode, the Suspend signals are asserted. The Suspend signals are also asserted after a CP2110
reset until device configuration during USB Enumeration is complete. SUSPEND is logic high when the device is in
the Suspend state, and logic low when the device is in normal mode. The SUSPEND pin has the opposite logic
value of the SUSPEND pin.
The CP2110 exits Suspend mode when any of the following occur: Resume signaling is detected or generated, a
USB Reset signal is detected, or a device reset occurs. SUSPEND and SUSPEND are weakly pulled to VIO in a
high impedance state during a CP2110 reset. If this behavior is undesirable, a strong pulldown (10 k) can be used
to ensure SUSPEND remains low during reset.
The logic level and output mode (push-pull or open-drain) of various pins during USB Suspend is configurable in
the PROM. See Section 9 for more information.
16
Rev. 1.2
CP2110
7. Asynchronous Serial Data Bus (UART) Interface
The UART interface consists of the TX (transmit) and RX (receive) data signals as well as the optional RTS and
CTS flow control signals. The UART is programmable to support a variety of data formats and baud rates. The data
format and baud rate are set during device configuration on the PC. The data formats and baud rates available to
each interface are listed in Table 12.
Table 12. Data Formats and Baud Rates
Data Bits
5, 6, 7, and 8
Stop Bits
1, 1.51, and 2
Parity Type None, Even, Odd, Mark, Space
Baud Rate
300 bps to 1 Mbps2
Notes:
1. 1.5 stop bits only available when using 5 data bits.
2. Baud rates above 500,000 baud not supported with 5 or 6 data bits.
The baud rate generator for the UART interface is very flexible and allows the user to request any baud rate in the
range from 300 bps to 1 Mbps. If the baud rate cannot be directly generated from the internal 24 MHz oscillator, the
device will choose the closest possible option. The actual baud rate is dictated by Equation 1 and Equation 2.
Prescale = 4 if Requested Baud Rate  300 bps
Prescale = 1 if Requested Baud Rate  300 bps
24 MHz
Clock Divider = ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2  Prescale  Requested Baud Rate
Equation 1. Clock Divider Calculation
24 MHz
Actual Baud Rate = ----------------------------------------------------------------------------2  Prescale  Clock Divider
Prescale = 4 if Requested Baud Rate  300 bps
Prescale = 1 if Requested Baud Rate  300 bps
Equation 2. Baud Rate Calculation
Most baud rates can be generated with an error of less than 1.0%. A general rule of thumb for the majority of UART
applications is to limit the baud rate error on both the transmitter and the receiver to no more than ±2%. The clock
divider value obtained in Equation 1 is rounded to the nearest integer, which may produce an error source. Another
error source will be the 24 MHz oscillator, which is accurate to ±0.25%. Knowing the actual and requested baud
rates, the total baud rate error can be found using Equation 3.
Actual Baud Rate
Baud Rate Error (%) = 100   1 – -----------------------------------------------------------  0.25%

Requested Baud Rate
Equation 3. Baud Rate Error Calculation
The UART also supports the transmission of a line break. The length of time for a line break is programmable from
1 to 125 ms, or it can be set to transmit indefinitely until a stop command is sent from the application.
Rev. 1.2
17
CP2110
8. GPIO Pins
The CP2110 supports 10 user-configurable GPIO pins. Each of these GPIO pins are usable as inputs, open-drain
outputs, or push-pull outputs. Six of these GPIO pins also have alternate functions which are listed in Table 13.
More information regarding the configuration and usage of these pins is available in “AN721: CP21xx
Customization Guide” available on the Silicon Labs website.
Table 13. GPIO Pin Alternate Functions
GPIO Pin
Alternate Function
GPIO.0
CLK Output
GPIO.1
RTS
GPIO.2
CTS
GPIO.3
RS-485 Transceiver Control
GPIO.4
TX Toggle
GPIO.5
RX Toggle
The default configuration for all of the GPIO pins is provided in Table 14. The configuration of the pins is one-time
programmable for each device. See Section 9 for more information about programming the GPIO pin functionality.
Table 14. GPIO Pin Default Configuration
GPIO Pin
Default Function
GPIO Pin
Default Function
GPIO.0
GPIO Input
GPIO.5
RX Toggle
GPIO.1
RTS
GPIO.6
GPIO Input
GPIO.2
CTS
GPIO.7
GPIO Input
GPIO.3
RS-485 Transceiver Control
GPIO.8
GPIO Push-Pull Output
GPIO.4
TX Toggle
GPIO.9
GPIO Push-Pull Output
The difference between an open-drain output and a push-pull output is when the GPIO output is driven to logic
high. A logic high, open-drain output pulls the pin to the VIO rail through an internal, pull-up resistor. A logic high,
push-pull output directly connects the pin to the VIO voltage. Open-drain outputs are typically used when
interfacing to logic at a higher voltage than the VIO pin. These pins can be safely pulled to the higher, external
voltage through an external pull-up resistor. The maximum external pull-up voltage is 5 V.
The speed of reading and writing the GPIO pins is subject to the timing of the USB bus. GPIO pins configured as
inputs or outputs are not recommended for real-time signalling.
18
Rev. 1.2
CP2110
8.1. GPIO.0—Clock Output
GPIO.0 is configurable to output a configurable CMOS clock output. The clock output appears at the pin at the
same time the device completes enumeration and exits USB Suspend mode. The clock output is removed from the
pin when the device enters USB Suspend mode. The output frequency is configurable through the use of a divider
and the accuracy is specified in Table 6. When the divider is set to 0, the output frequency is 24 MHz. For divider
values between 1 and 255, the output frequency is determined by the formula:
24 MHz
GPIO.0 Clock Frequency = -----------------------------2  Divider
Equation 4. GPIO.0 Clock Output Frequency
This divider is independent from the divider used to set UART baud rate.
8.2. GPIO.1-2—Hardware Flow Control (RTS and CTS)
By default, GPIO.1 and GPIO.2 are configured to operate as the hardware flow control pins RTS and CTS. In
addition to the GPIO PROM configuration, the device must be configured to use hardware flow control to use these
pins.
RTS, or Ready To Send, is an active-low output from the CP2110 and indicates to the external UART device that
the CP2110’s UART RX FIFO has not reached the watermark level of 450 bytes and is ready to accept more data.
When the amount of data in the RX FIFO reaches the watermark, the CP2110 pulls RTS high to indicate to the
external UART device to stop sending data.
CTS, or Clear To Send, is an active-low input to the CP2110 and is used by the external UART device to indicate to
the CP2110 when the external UART device’s RX FIFO is getting full. The CP2110 will not send more than two
bytes of data once CTS is pulled high.
CP2110
RS232
System
TX
TX
RX
RX
GPIO.1 – RTS
RTS
GPIO.2 – CTS
CTS
Figure 8. Hardware Flow Control Typical Connection Diagram
Rev. 1.2
19
CP2110
8.3. GPIO.3—RS-485 Transceiver Bus Control
GPIO.3 is configurable as an RS-485 bus transceiver control pin that is connected to the DE and RE inputs of the
transceiver. When configured for RS-485 mode, the pin is asserted during UART data transmission as well as line
break transmission. The RS-485 mode of GPIO.3 is active-high by default, but is also configurable for active-low
mode.
CP2110
RS485
Transceiver
TX
R
RX
D
GPIO.3 – RS485
RE
DE
Figure 9. RS-485 Transceiver Typical Connection Diagram
8.4. GPIO.4-5—Transmit and Receive Toggle
GPIO.4 and GPIO.5 are configurable as Transmit Toggle and Receive Toggle pins. These pins are logic high when
a device is not transmitting or receiving data, and they toggle at a fixed rate as specified in Table 6 when data
transfer is in progress. Typically, these pins are connected to two LEDs to indicate data transfer.
VIO
CP2110
GPIO.4 – TX Toggle
GPIO.5 – RX Toggle
Figure 10. Transmit and Receive Toggle Typical Connection Diagram
More information regarding the configuration and usage of these pins can be found in Section 9 as well as “AN721:
CP21xx Customization Guide” available on the Silicon Labs website.
20
Rev. 1.2
CP2110
9. One-Time Programmable ROM
The CP2110 includes an internal, one-time programmable ROM that may be used to customize the USB Vendor ID
(VID), Product ID (PID), Manufacturer String, Product Description String, Power Descriptor, Device Release
Number, Device Serial Number, GPIO configuration, Suspend Pins and Modes as desired for OEM applications. If
the programmable ROM has not been customized, the default configuration data shown in Table 15 and Table 16 is
used.
Table 15. Default USB Configuration Data
Name
Value
Vendor ID
10C4h
Product ID
EA80h
Power Descriptor (Attributes)
80h (Bus-powered)
Power Descriptor (Max. Power)
32h (100 mA)
Release Number
0100h (Release Version 01.00)
Manufacturer String
“Silicon Laboratories” (62 ASCII characters maximum)
Product Description String
“CP2110 HID USB-to-UART Bridge” (62 ASCII characters maximum)
Serial String
Unique 8 character ASCII string (30 ASCII characters maximum)
Table 16. Default GPIO, UART, and Suspend Configuration Data
Name
Value
Name
Value
GPIO.0
GPIO input
GPIO.9
GPIO push-pull output
GPIO.1
RTS
Flush_Buffers
Flush TX and RX FIFO on open
GPIO.2
CTS
TX Mode
Push-pull
GPIO.3
RS-485 Transceiver Control
SUSPEND Mode
Push-pull
GPIO.4
TX Toggle
SUSPEND Mode
Push-pull
GPIO.5
RX Toggle
Suspend Latch
0x0000
GPIO.6
GPIO input
Suspend Mode
0x0000
GPIO.7
GPIO input
RS-485 Level
Active High
GPIO.8
GPIO push-pull output
Clock Divider
Divide by 1 (24 MHz)
While customization of the USB configuration data is optional, customizing the VID/PID combination is strongly
recommended. A unique VID/PID will prevent the device from being recognized by any other manufacturer’s
software application. A vendor ID can be obtained from www.usb.org or Silicon Labs can provide a free PID for the
OEM product that can be used with the Silicon Labs VID. All CP2110 devices are pre-programmed with a unique
serial number. It is important to have a unique serial if it is possible for multiple CP2110-based devices to be
connected to the same PC.
Application Note “AN433: CP2110/4 HID-to-UART API Specification” includes more information about the
programmable values and their valid options. Note that certain items in the PROM are programmed as a group and
programming one of the items in the group prevents further programming of any of the other items in the group.
The configuration data ROM is programmable by Silicon Labs prior to shipment with the desired configuration
information. It can also be programmed in-system over the USB interface by adding a capacitor to the PCB. If the
configuration ROM is to be programmed in-system, a 4.7 µF capacitor must be added between the VPP pin and
ground. No other circuitry should be connected to VPP during a programming operation, and VDD must remain at
3.3 V or higher to successfully write to the configuration ROM.
Rev. 1.2
21
CP2110
10. Voltage Regulator
The CP2110 includes an on-chip 5 to 3.45 V voltage regulator. This allows the CP2110 to be configured as either a
USB bus-powered device or a USB self-powered device. A typical connection diagram of the device in a buspowered application using the regulator is shown in Figure 11. When enabled, the voltage regulator output appears
on the VDD pin and can be used to power external devices. See Table 5 for the voltage regulator electrical
characteristics.
If the regulator is used to provide VDD in a self-powered application, use the same connections from Figure 11, but
connect REGIN to an on-board 5 V supply, and disconnect it from the VBUS pin. In addition, if REGIN may be unpowered while VBUS is 5 V, a resistor divider shown in Note 5 of Figure 12 is required to meet the absolute
maximum voltage on VBUS specification in Table 1.
VIO
Note 3
4.7 k
Note 1
VIO
CP2110
RST
SUSPEND
SUSPEND
3.3 V Power
VDD
VPP
1-5 F
0.1 F
Suspend
Signals
Note 4
4.7 F
REGIN
TX
RX
1 F
GPIO.0_CLK
GPIO.1_RTS
GND
GPIO.2_CTS
USB
Connector
GPIO.3_RS485
GPIO.4_TXT
VBUS
VBUS
D+
D+
D-
D-
Standard
UART
and GPIO
Signals
GPIO.5_RXT
GPIO.6
GPIO.7
GND
GPIO.8
GPIO.9
Note 2
Note 1 : VIO can be connected directly to VDD or to a supply as low as 1.8 V to set the I/O interface
voltage.
Note 2 : Avalanche transient voltage suppression diodes compatible with Full-speed USB should be
added at the connector for ESD protection. Use Littelfuse p/n SP0503BAHT or equivalent.
Note 3 : An external pull-up is not required, but can be added for noise immunity.
Note 4 : If programming the configuration ROM via USB, add a 4.7 F capacitor between VPP
and ground. During a programming operation, do not connect the VPP pin to other
circuitry, and ensure that VDD is at least 3.3 V.
Figure 11. Typical Bus-Powered Connection Diagram
22
Rev. 1.2
CP2110
Alternatively, if 3.0 to 3.6 V power is supplied to the VDD pin, the CP2110 can function as a USB self-powered
device with the voltage regulator bypassed. For this configuration, tie the REGIN input to VDD to bypass the voltage
regulator. A typical connection diagram showing the device in a self-powered application with the regulator
bypassed is shown in Figure 12.
The USB max power and power attributes descriptor must match the device power usage and configuration. See
application note “AN721: CP21xx Customization Guide” for information on how to customize USB descriptors for
the CP2110.
VIO Note 3
4.7 k
Note 1
VIO
CP2110
SUSPEND
SUSPEND
VDD
3.3 V
Power
RST
REGIN
VPP
Suspend
Signals
Note 4
4.7 F
1-5 F
0.1 F
TX
RX
GPIO.0_CLK
GPIO.1_RTS
GND
GPIO.2_CTS
GPIO.3_RS485
GPIO.4_TXT
Note 5
(Optional)
GPIO.5_RXT
24 k
GPIO.6
VBUS
USB
Connector
Standard
UART
and GPIO
Signals
GPIO.7
47 k
GPIO.8
VBUS
D+
D+
D-
D-
GPIO.9
GND
Note 2
Note 1 : VIO can be connected directly to VDD or to a supply as low as 1.8 V to set the I/O interface
voltage.
Note 2 : Avalanche transient voltage suppression diodes compatible with Full-speed USB should be
added at the connector for ESD protection. Use Littelfuse p/n SP0503BAHT or equivalent.
Note 3 : An external pull-up is not required, but can be added for noise immunity.
Note 4 : If programming the configuration ROM via USB, add a 4.7 F capacitor between VPP
and ground. During a programming operation, do not connect the VPP pin to other
circuitry, and ensure that VDD is at least 3.3 V.
Note 5 : For self-powered systems where VDD and VIO may be unpowered when VBUS is connected
to 5 V, a resistor divider (or functionally-equivalent circuit) on VBUS is required to meet the
absolute maximum voltage on VBUS specification in the Electrical Characteristics section.
Figure 12. Typical Self-Powered Connection Diagram (Regulator Bypass)
Rev. 1.2
23
CP2110
11. CP2110 Interface Specification and Windows Interface DLL
The CP2110 is a USB Human Interface Device (HID), and as most operating systems include native HID drivers,
custom drivers do not need to be installed. The CP2110 does not fit one of the standard HID device types, such as
a keyboard or mouse, and so any CP2110 PC application needs to use the CP2110’s HID specification to
communicate with the device. The low-level HID specification for the CP2110 is provided in “AN434: CP2110/4
Interface Specification.” This document describes all of the basic functions for opening, reading from, writing to,
and closing the device as well as the ROM programming functions.
A Windows DLL that encapsulates the CP2110 HID interface and also adds higher level features such as read/
write time-outs is provided by Silicon Labs. This DLL is the recommended interface for the CP2110. The Windows
DLL is documented in CP2110 Windows DLL Specification.
Both of these documents and the DLL are available in the CP2110EK CD as well as online at
http://www.silabs.com/.
12. Relevant Application Notes
The following Application Notes are applicable to the CP2110. The latest versions of these application notes and
their accompanying software are available at
http://www.silabs.com/products/mcu/Pages/ApplicationNotes.aspx.

AN721: CP21xx Device Customization Guide. This application note describes how to use the AN721
software CP21xxCustomizationUtility to configure the USB parameters on the CP2110 devices.
 AN434: CP2110/4 Interface Specification. This application note describes how to interface to the CP2110
using the low-level, HID Interface.
 AN433: CP2110/4 HID to UART API Specification. This application note describes how to interface to the
CP2110 using the Windows Interface dll and the Mac OS X dylib.
24
Rev. 1.2
CP2110
DOCUMENT CHANGE LIST
Revision 1.0 to Revision 1.1

Added support for new CP2110-GM1 package
throughout document.
Revision 1.1 to Revision 1.2





Added a row for VBUS in Table 1, “Absolute
Maximum Ratings,” on page 5.
Added VDD Ramp Time for Power On specification
to Table 4, “Reset Electrical Characteristics,” on
page 6.
Added VPP Voltage and Capacitor specifications to
Table 2, “Global DC Electrical Characteristics,” on
page 5.
Updated AN144 references to AN721.
Updated "10. Voltage Regulator" on page 22 to add
absolute maximum voltage on VBUS requirements
in self-powered systems.
Rev. 1.2
25
CP2110
CONTACT INFORMATION
Silicon Laboratories Inc.
400 West Cesar Chavez
Austin, TX 78701
Tel: 1+(512) 416-8500
Fax: 1+(512) 416-9669
Toll Free: 1+(877) 444-3032
Please visit the Silicon Labs Technical Support web page:
https://www.silabs.com/support/pages/contacttechnicalsupport.aspx
and register to submit a technical support request.
Patent Notice
Silicon Labs invests in research and development to help our customers differentiate in the market with innovative low-power, small size, analogintensive mixed-signal solutions. Silicon Labs' extensive patent portfolio is a testament to our unique approach and world-class engineering team.
The information in this document is believed to be accurate in all respects at the time of publication but is subject to change without notice.
Silicon Laboratories assumes no responsibility for errors and omissions, and disclaims responsibility for any consequences resulting from
the use of information included herein. Additionally, Silicon Laboratories assumes no responsibility for the functioning of undescribed features
or parameters. Silicon Laboratories reserves the right to make changes without further notice. Silicon Laboratories makes no warranty, representation or guarantee regarding the suitability of its products for any particular purpose, nor does Silicon Laboratories assume any liability
arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit, and specifically disclaims any and all liability, including without limitation consequential or incidental damages. Silicon Laboratories products are not designed, intended, or authorized for use in applications intended to
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26
Rev. 1.2