PIC16(L)F18325/18345 Full-Featured, Low Pin Count Microcontrollers with XLP Description PIC16(L)F18325/18345 microcontrollers feature Analog, Core Independent Peripherals and Communication Peripherals, combined with eXtreme Low Power (XLP) for a wide range of general purpose and low-power applications. The Peripheral Pin Select (PPS) functionality enables pin mapping when using the digital peripherals (CLC, CWG, CCP, PWM and communications) to add flexibility to the application design. Core Features Power-Saving Functionality • C Compiler Optimized RISC Architecture • Only 49 Instructions • Operating Speed: - DC – 32 MHz clock input - 125 ns minimum instruction cycle • Interrupt Capability • 16-Level Deep Hardware Stack • Up to Four 8-bit Timers • Up to Three 16-bit Timers • Low-Current Power-on Reset (POR) • Configurable Power-up Timer (PWRTE) • Brown-out Reset (BOR) with Fast Recovery • Low-Power BOR (LPBOR) Option • Extended Watchdog Timer (WDT) with Dedicated On-Chip Oscillator for Reliable Operation • Programmable Code Protection • IDLE mode: ability to put the CPU core to Sleep while internal peripherals continue operating from the system clock • DOZE mode: ability to run the CPU core slower than the system clock used by the internal peripherals • SLEEP mode: Lowest Power Consumption • Peripheral Module Disable (PMD): peripheral power disable hardware module to minimize power consumption of unused peripherals Memory • • • • 14 Kbytes Program Flash Memory 1 KB Data SRAM Memory 256B of EEPROM Direct, Indirect and Relative Addressing Modes Operating Characteristics • Operating Voltage Range: - 1.8V to 3.6V (PIC16LF18325/18345) - 2.3V to 5.5V (PIC16F18325/18345) • Temperature Range: - Industrial: -40°C to 85°C - Extended: -40°C to 125°C eXtreme Low-Power (XLP) Features • • • • Sleep mode: 40 nA @ 1.8V, typical Watchdog Timer: 250 nA @ 1.8V, typical Secondary Oscillator: 300 nA @ 32 kHz Operating Current: - 8 A @ 32 kHz, 1.8V, typical - 37 A/MHz @ 1.8V, typical 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Digital Peripherals • Configurable Logic Cell (CLC): - Four CLCs - Integrated combinational and sequential logic • Complementary Waveform Generator (CWG): - Two CWGs - Rising and falling edge dead-band control - Full-bridge, half-bridge, 1-channel drive - Multiple signal sources • Capture/Compare/PWM (CCP) modules: - Four CCPs - 16-bit resolution for Capture/Compare modes - 10-bit resolution for PWM mode • Pulse-Width Modulators (PWM) - Two 10-bit PWMs • Numerically Controlled Oscillator (NCO): - Precision linear frequency generator (@50% duty cycle) with 0.0001% step size of source input clock - Input Clock: 0 Hz < FNCO < 32 MHz - Resolution: FNCO/220 • Serial Communications: - EUSART - RS-232, RS-485, LIN compatible - Auto-Baud Detect, auto-wake-up on start - Master Synchronous Serial Port (MSSP) - SPI - I2C™, SMBus, PMBus™ compatible • Data Signal Modulator (DSM): - Modulates a carrier signal with digital data to create custom carrier synchronized output waveforms Preliminary DS40001795B-page 1 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 • Up to 18 I/O Pins: - Individually programmable pull-ups - Slew rate control - Interrupt-on-change with edge-select - Input level selection control (ST or TTL) - Digital open-drain enable • Peripheral Pin Select (PPS): - I/O pin remapping of digital peripherals • Timer modules: - Timer0: - 8/16-bit timer/counter - Synchronous or asynchronous operation - Programmable prescaler/postscaler - Time base for capture/compare function - Timer1/3/5 with gate control: - 16-bit timer/counter - Programmable internal or external clock sources - Multiple gate sources - Multiple gate modes - Time base for capture/compare function - Timer2/4/6: - 8-bit timers - Programmable prescaler/postscaler - Time base for PWM function Flexible Oscillator Structure • High-Precision Internal Oscillator: - Software-selectable frequency range up to 32 MHz - ±2% at nominal 4 MHz calibration point • 4x PLL with External Sources • Low-Power Internal 31 kHz Oscillator (LFINTOSC) • External Low-Power 32 kHz Crystal Oscillator (SOSC) • External Oscillator Block with: - Three Crystal/Resonator modes up to 20 MHz - Three External Clock modes up to 20 MHz - Fail-Safe Clock Monitor - Allows for safe shutdown if peripheral clock stops - Oscillator Start-up Timer (OST) - Ensures stability of crystal oscillator sources Analog Peripherals • 10-bit Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC): - 17 external channels - Conversion available during Sleep • Comparator: - Two comparators - Fixed Voltage Reference at non-inverting input(s) - Comparator outputs externally accessible • 5-bit Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC): - 5-bit resolution, rail-to-rail - Positive Reference Selection - Unbuffered I/O pin output - Internal connections to ADCs and comparators • Voltage Reference: - Fixed Voltage Reference with 1.024V, 2.048V and 4.096V output levels DS40001795B-page 2 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 Data Memory (bytes) Data SRAM (bytes) I/Os(2) 10-bit ADC (ch) 5-bit DAC High-Speed/ Comparators CWG Clock Ref Timers (8/16-bit) CCP 10-bit PWM NCO EUSART MSSP (I2C™/SPI) CLC DSM PPS XLP PMD Idle and Doze Debug(1) 3.5 256 256 6 5 1 1 1 1 2/1 2 2 1 1 1 2 1 Y Y Y Y I PIC16(L)F18323 (1) 2048 3.5 256 256 12 11 1 2 1 1 2/1 2 2 1 1 1 2 1 Y Y Y Y I PIC16(L)F18324 (2) 4096 7 256 512 12 11 1 2 2 1 4/3 4 2 1 1 1 4 1 Y Y Y Y I I Device Program Flash Memory (Words) PIC16(L)F18313 (1) 2048 Data Sheet Index Program Flash Memory (Kbytes) PIC16(L)F183XX Family Types PIC16(L)F18325 (3) 8192 14 256 1024 12 11 1 2 2 1 4/3 4 2 1 1 2 4 1 Y Y Y Y PIC16(L)F18344 (2) 4096 7 256 512 18 17 1 2 2 1 4/3 4 2 1 1 1 4 1 Y Y Y Y I PIC16(L)F18345 (3) 8192 14 256 1024 18 17 1 2 2 1 4/3 4 2 1 1 2 4 1 Y Y Y Y I Note 1: 2: Debugging Methods: (I) – Integrated on Chip; One pin is input-only. Data Sheet Index: (Unshaded devices are described in this document.) 1: DS40001799 PIC16(L)F18313/18323 Data Sheet, Full-Featured, Low Pin Count Microcontrollers with XLP 2: DS40001800 PIC16(L)F18324/18344 Data Sheet, Full Featured, Low Pin Count Microcontrollers with XLP 3: DS40001795 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 Data Sheet, Full Featured, Low Pin Count Microcontrollers with XLP Note: For other small form-factor package availability and marking information, please visit http://www.microchip.com/packaging or contact your local sales office. Pin Diagrams 14-PIN PDIP, SOIC, TSSOP VDD RA5 RA4 VPP/MCLR/RA3 RC5 RC4 RC3 Note: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 PIC16(L)F18325 FIGURE 1: 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 VSS RA0/ICSPDAT RA1/ICSPCLK RA2 RC0 RC1 RC2 See Table 1 for location of all peripheral functions. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 3 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 16 15 14 13 NC VSS 16-PIN UQFN (4x4) VDD NC FIGURE 2: 1 12 RA0/ICSPDAT 2 11 RA1/ICSPCLK PIC16(L)F18325 3 10 RA2 4 9 RC0 RC4 RC3 RC2 RC1 5 6 7 8 RA5 RA4 RA3/MCLR/VPP RC5 1: See Table 1 for location of all peripheral functions. 2: It is recommended that the exposed bottom pad be connected to VSS, but must not be the main VSS connection to the device. FIGURE 3: 20-PIN PDIP, SOIC, SSOP VDD 1 20 VSS RA5 2 19 RA0 RA4 3 18 RA1 MCLR/VPP/RA3 4 17 RA2 RC5 5 16 RC0 RC4 6 15 RC1 RC3 7 14 RC2 RC6 8 13 RB4 RC7 9 12 RB5 RB7 10 11 RB6 PIC16(L)F18345 Note See Table 2 for location of all peripheral functions. Note: 20-PIN UQFN (4x4) 20 19 18 17 16 RA4 RA5 VDD VSS RA0 FIGURE 4: 1 15 2 14 3 PIC16(L)F1834513 4 12 5 11 RA1 RA2 RC0 RC1 RC2 RC7 RB7 RB6 RB5 RB4 6 7 8 9 10 MCLR/VPP/RA3 RC5 RC4 RC3 RC6 Note 1: See Table 2 for location of all peripheral functions. 2: It is recommended that the exposed bottom pad be connected to VSS, but must not be the main VSS connection to the device. DS40001795B-page 4 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. ADC Reference Comparator NCO DAC DSM Timers CCP PWM CWG MSSP EUSART CLC CLKR Interrupt Pull-up Basic DS40001795B-page 5 RA0 13 12 ANA0 — C1IN0+ — DAC1OUT — — — — — SS2(1) — — — IOC Y ICDDAT/ ICSPDAT RA1 12 11 ANA1 VREF+ C1IN0C2IN0- — DAC1REF+ — — — — — — — — — IOC Y ICDCLK/ ICSPCLK RA2 11 10 ANA2 VREF- — — DAC1REF- — T0CKI(1) CCP3(1) — CWG1IN(1) CWG2IN(1) — — — — INT(1) IOC Y — RA3 4 3 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — IOC Y MCLR VPP RA4 3 2 ANA4 — — — — — T1G(1) SOSCO — — — — — — — IOC Y CLKOUT OSC2 RA5 2 1 ANA5 — — — — — T1CKI(1) SOSCIN SOSCI — — — — — CLCIN3(1) — IOC Y CLKIN OSC1 RC0 10 9 ANC0 — C2IN0+ — — — T5CKI(1) — — — SCK1(1) SCL1(1,3,4) — — — IOC Y — RC1 9 8 ANC1 — C1IN1C2IN1- — — — — CCP4(1) — — SDI1(1) SDA1(1,3,4) — CLCIN2(1) — IOC Y — RC2 8 7 ANC2 — C1IN2C2IN2- — — MDCIN1(1) — — — — — — — — IOC Y — RC3 7 6 ANC3 — C1IN3C2IN3- — — MDMIN(1) T5G(1) CCP2(1) — — SS1(1) — CLCIN0(1) — IOC Y — RC4 6 5 ANC4 — — — — — T3G(1) — — — SCK2(1) SCL2(1,3,4) — CLCIN1(1) — IOC Y — RC5 5 4 ANC5 — — — — MDCIN2(1) T3CKI(1) CCP1(1) — — SDI2(1) RX(1) SDA2(1,3,4) DT(1,3) — — IOC Y — VDD 1 16 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — VDD 13 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — VSS VSS Note 14 1: 2: 3: 4: Default peripheral input. Input can be moved to any other pin with the PPS input selection registers. All pin outputs default to PORT latch data. Any pin can be selected as a digital peripheral output with the PPS output selection registers. These peripheral functions are bidirectional. The output pin selections must be the same as the input pin selections. These pins are configured for I2C™ logic levels; clock and data signals may be assigned to any of these pins. Assignments to the other pins (e.g., RA5) will operate, but logic levels will be standard TTL/ST as selected by the INLVL register. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 Preliminary 16-Pin UQFN 14/16-PIN ALLOCATION TABLE (PIC16(L)F18325) 14-Pin PDIP/SOIC/TSSOP TABLE 1: I/O(2) 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Pin Allocation Tables 14-Pin PDIP/SOIC/TSSOP 16-Pin UQFN ADC Reference Comparator NCO DAC DSM Timers CCP PWM CWG MSSP EUSART CLC CLKR Interrupt Pull-up Basic I/O(2) 14/16-PIN ALLOCATION TABLE (PIC16(L)F18325) (CONTINUED) — — — — C1OUT NCO1 — DSM TMR0 CCP1 PWM5 CWG1A CWG2A SDA1(3) SDA2(3) CK CLC1OUT CLKR — — — — — — — C2OUT — — — — CCP2 PWM6 CWG1B CWG2B SCL1(3) SCL2(3) DT(3) CLC2OUT — — — — — — — — — — — — — CCP3 — CWG1C CWG2C SDO1 SDO2 TX CLC3OUT — — — — — — — — — — — — — CCP4 — CWG1D CWG2D SCK1 SCK2 — CLC4OUT — — — — OUT(2) Preliminary Note 1: 2: 3: 4: Default peripheral input. Input can be moved to any other pin with the PPS input selection registers. All pin outputs default to PORT latch data. Any pin can be selected as a digital peripheral output with the PPS output selection registers. These peripheral functions are bidirectional. The output pin selections must be the same as the input pin selections. These pins are configured for I2C™ logic levels; clock and data signals may be assigned to any of these pins. Assignments to the other pins (e.g., RA5) will operate, but logic levels will be standard TTL/ST as selected by the INLVL register. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 DS40001795B-page 6 TABLE 1: 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. 3 RA5 DS40001795B-page 7 Basic RA4 Pull-up 1 Interrupt 4 CLKR RA3 CLC ANA2 EUSART 14 MSSP 17 CWG RA2 PWM ANA1 VREF+ CCP 15 Timers 18 DSM RA1 DAC ANA0 NCO 16 Comparator ADC 19 Reference 20-Pin UQFN RA0 — C1IN0+ — DAC1OUT — — — — — — — — — IOC Y ICDDAT ICSPDAT C1IN0C2IN0- — DAC1REF+ — — — — — SS2 — — — IOC Y ICDCLK ICSPCLK VREF- — — DAC1REF- — T0CKI(1) CCP3(1) — CWG1IN(1) CWG2IN(1) — — CLCIN0(1) — IOC INT(1) Y — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — IOC Y MCLR VPP 20 ANA4 — — — — — T1G(1) T3G(1) T5G(1) SOSCO CCP4(1) — — — — — — IOC Y CLKOUT OSC2 2 19 ANA5 — — — — — T1CKI(1) T3CKI(1) T5CKI(1) SOSCIN SOSCI — — — — — — — IOC Y CLKIN OSC1 RB4 13 10 ANB4 — — — — — — — — — SDI1(1) SDA1(1,3,4) — CLCIN2(1) — IOC Y — RB5 12 9 ANB5 — — — — — — — — — SDI2(1) SDA2(1,3,4) RX(1) DT(1) CLCIN3(1) — IOC Y — RB6 11 8 ANB6 — — — — — — — — — SCK1(1) SCL1(1,3,4) — — — IOC Y — RB7 10 7 ANB7 — — — — — — — — — SCK2(1) SCL2(1,3,4) — — — IOC Y — RC0 16 13 ANC0 — C2IN0+ — — — — — — — — — — — IOC Y — RC1 15 12 ANC1 — C1IN1C2IN1- — — — — — — — — — — — IOC Y — RC2 14 11 ANC2 — C1IN2C2IN2- — — MDCIN1(1) — — — — — — — — IOC Y — Note 1: 2: 3: 4: Default peripheral input. Input can be moved to any other pin with the PPS input selection registers. All pin outputs default to PORT latch data. Any pin can be selected as a digital peripheral output with the PPS output selection registers. These peripheral functions are bidirectional. The output pin selections must be the same as the input pin selections. These pins are configured for I2C™ logic levels; clock and data signals may be assigned to any of these pins. Assignments to other pins (e.g. RA5) will operate, but logic levels will be standard TTL/ST as selected by the INLVL register. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 Preliminary 20-Pin PDIP/SOIC/SSOP 20-PIN ALLOCATION TABLE (PIC16(L)F18345) I/O(2) 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. TABLE 2: — RC6 8 5 ANC6 — — — RC7 9 6 ANC7 — — VDD 1 18 — — VSS 20 17 — — Preliminary OUT(2) Note 1: 2: 3: 4: Basic — — Pull-up — — Interrupt — ANC5 CLKR ANC4 2 CLC 3 5 EUSART 6 RC5 MSSP RC4 CWG C1IN3C2IN3- PWM Comparator — CCP Reference ANC3 Timers ADC 4 DSM 20-Pin UQFN 7 DAC 20-Pin PDIP/SOIC/SSOP RC3 NCO I/O(2) 20-PIN ALLOCATION TABLE (PIC16(L)F18345) (CONTINUED) — — MDMIN(1) — CCP2(1) — — — — CLCIN1(1) — IOC Y — — — — MDCIN2(1) — — — — — — IOC Y — — — IOC Y — — — IOC Y — — — — IOC Y — — — — — — VDD — — — — — — VSS CLC1OUT CLKR — — — — — — — — — — CCP1(1) — — — — — — — — — SS1(1) — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — C1OUT NCO1 — DSM TMR0 CCP1 PWM5 CWG1A CWG2A SDO1 SDO2 DT(3) — — — — C2OUT — — — — CCP2 PWM6 CWG1B CWG2B SCK1 SCK2 CK CLC2OUT — — — — — — — — — — — — — CCP3 — CWG1C CWG2C SCL1(3) SCL2(3) TX CLC3OUT — — — — — — — — — — — — — CCP4 — CWG1D CWG2D SDA1(3) SDA2(3) — CLC4OUT — — — — Default peripheral input. Input can be moved to any other pin with the PPS input selection registers. All pin outputs default to PORT latch data. Any pin can be selected as a digital peripheral output with the PPS output selection registers. These peripheral functions are bidirectional. The output pin selections must be the same as the input pin selections. These pins are configured for I2C™ logic levels; clock and data signals may be assigned to any of these pins. Assignments to other pins (e.g. RA5) will operate, but logic levels will be standard TTL/ST as selected by the INLVL register. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 DS40001795B-page 8 TABLE 2: 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 Table of Contents 1.0 Device Overview ........................................................................................................................................................................ 11 2.0 Enhanced Mid-Range CPU ........................................................................................................................................................ 22 3.0 Memory Organization ................................................................................................................................................................. 24 4.0 Device Configuration .................................................................................................................................................................. 59 5.0 Resets ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 66 6.0 Oscillator Module (with Fail-Safe Clock Monitor) ....................................................................................................................... 74 7.0 Interrupts .................................................................................................................................................................................... 93 8.0 Power-Saving Operation Modes .............................................................................................................................................. 110 9.0 Watchdog Timer (WDT) ........................................................................................................................................................... 116 10.0 Nonvolatile Memory (NVM) Control.......................................................................................................................................... 120 11.0 I/O Ports ................................................................................................................................................................................... 138 12.0 Peripheral Pin Select (PPS) Module ........................................................................................................................................ 158 13.0 Peripheral Module Disable ....................................................................................................................................................... 164 14.0 Interrupt-on-Change ................................................................................................................................................................. 170 15.0 Fixed Voltage Reference (FVR) .............................................................................................................................................. 177 16.0 Temperature Indicator Module ................................................................................................................................................. 180 17.0 Comparator Module.................................................................................................................................................................. 182 18.0 Pulse-Width Modulation (PWM) ............................................................................................................................................... 191 19.0 Complementary Waveform Generator (CWG) Module ............................................................................................................ 197 20.0 Configurable Logic Cell (CLC).................................................................................................................................................. 219 21.0 Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) Module .............................................................................................................................. 234 22.0 Numerically Controlled Oscillator (NCO1) Module ................................................................................................................... 248 23.0 5-bit Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC1) Module .................................................................................................................... 259 24.0 Data Signal Modulator (DSM) Module...................................................................................................................................... 263 25.0 Timer0 Module ......................................................................................................................................................................... 274 26.0 Timer1/3/5 Module with Gate Control....................................................................................................................................... 281 27.0 Timer2/4/6 Module ................................................................................................................................................................... 294 28.0 Capture/Compare/PWM Modules ............................................................................................................................................ 299 29.0 Master Synchronous Serial Port (MSSPx) Module .................................................................................................................. 312 30.0 Enhanced Universal Synchronous Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter (EUSART1) ............................................................. 365 31.0 Reference Clock Output Module .............................................................................................................................................. 390 32.0 In-Circuit Serial Programming™ (ICSP™) ............................................................................................................................... 393 33.0 Instruction Set Summary .......................................................................................................................................................... 395 34.0 Electrical Specifications............................................................................................................................................................ 409 35.0 DC and AC Characteristics Graphs and Charts ....................................................................................................................... 439 36.0 Development Support............................................................................................................................................................... 440 37.0 Packaging Information.............................................................................................................................................................. 444 The Microchip Web Site ..................................................................................................................................................................... 467 Customer Change Notification Service .............................................................................................................................................. 467 Customer Support .............................................................................................................................................................................. 467 Product Identification System ............................................................................................................................................................ 468 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 9 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 TO OUR VALUED CUSTOMERS It is our intention to provide our valued customers with the best documentation possible to ensure successful use of your Microchip products. To this end, we will continue to improve our publications to better suit your needs. Our publications will be refined and enhanced as new volumes and updates are introduced. If you have any questions or comments regarding this publication, please contact the Marketing Communications Department via E-mail at [email protected]. We welcome your feedback. Most Current Data Sheet To obtain the most up-to-date version of this data sheet, please register at our Worldwide Web site at: http://www.microchip.com You can determine the version of a data sheet by examining its literature number found on the bottom outside corner of any page. The last character of the literature number is the version number, (e.g., DS30000000A is version A of document DS30000000). Errata An errata sheet, describing minor operational differences from the data sheet and recommended workarounds, may exist for current devices. As device/documentation issues become known to us, we will publish an errata sheet. The errata will specify the revision of silicon and revision of document to which it applies. To determine if an errata sheet exists for a particular device, please check with one of the following: • Microchip’s Worldwide Web site; http://www.microchip.com • Your local Microchip sales office (see last page) When contacting a sales office, please specify which device, revision of silicon and data sheet (include literature number) you are using. Customer Notification System Register on our web site at www.microchip.com to receive the most current information on all of our products. DS40001795B-page 10 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 DEVICE OVERVIEW Reference Table 1-1 for peripherals available per device. DEVICE PERIPHERAL SUMMARY Peripheral PIC16(L)F18345 TABLE 1-1: The PIC16(L)F18325/18345 devices are described within this data sheet. PIC16(L)F18325 is available in 14-pin PDIP, SOIC, TSSOP and 16-pin UQFN packages. PIC16(L)F18345 is available in 20-pin PDIP, SOIC, SSOP and UQFN packages. See Section 37.0 “Packaging Information” for further packaging information. Figure 1-1 shows a block diagram of the PIC16(L)F18325/18345 devices. Table 1-2 shows the pinout descriptions. PIC16(L)F18325 1.0 Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) ● ● Temperature Indicator ● ● DAC1 ● ● ADCFVR ● ● CDAFVR ● ● DSM1 ● ● NCO1 ● ● CCP1 ● ● CCP2 ● ● CCP3 ● ● CCP4 ● ● C1 ● ● C2 ● ● CWG1 ● ● CWG2 ● ● CLC1 ● ● CLC2 ● ● CLC3 ● ● CLC4 ● ● Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC) Fixed Voltage Reference (FVR) Digital Signal Modulator (DSM) Numerically Controlled Oscillator (NCO) Capture/Compare/PWM (CCP/ECCP) Modules Comparators Complementary Waveform Generator (CWG) Configurable Logic Cell (CLC) Enhanced Universal Synchronous/Asynchronous Receiver/ Transmitter (EUSART) EUSART1 ● ● MSSP1 ● ● MSSP2 ● ● PWM5 ● ● PWM6 ● ● Master Synchronous Serial Port (MSSP) Pulse-Width Modulator (PWM) 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 11 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 PIC16(L)F18345 DEVICE PERIPHERAL SUMMARY (CONTINUED) PIC16(L)F18325 TABLE 1-1: Timer0 ● ● Timer1 ● ● Timer2 ● ● Timer3 ● ● Timer4 ● ● Timer5 ● ● Timer6 ● ● Peripheral Timers DS40001795B-page 12 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 FIGURE 1-1: PIC16(L)F18325/18345 BLOCK DIAGRAM Program Flash Memory RAM CLKOUT PORTA PORTB(1) Timing Generation HFINTOSC/ LFINTOSC Oscillator CLKIN PORTC CPU See Figure 2-1 MCLR DSM NCO1 PWMs Timer0 Timer1/3/5 Timer2/4/6 MSSP1/2 Comparators CWG1/2 Temp. Indicator Note 1: ADC 10-bit FVR DAC CCPs EUSART1 CLCs PIC16(L)F18345 only. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 13 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 TABLE 1-2: PIC16(L)F18325 PINOUT DESCRIPTION Name RA0/ANA0/C1IN0+/DAC1OUT/ SS2(1)/ ICDDAT/ICSPDAT RA1/ANA1/VREF+/C1IN0-/ C2IN0-/DAC1REF+/ ICDCLK/ ICSPCLK RA2/ANA2/VREF-/ DAC1REF-/ T0CKI(1)/ CCP3(1)/CWG1IN(1)/ CWG2IN(1)/INT(1) RA3/MCLR/VPP RA4/ANA4/T1G(1)/ SOSCO/ CLKOUT/OSC2 Function Input Type Output Type Description RA0 TTL/ST CMOS ANA0 AN ― General purpose I/O. ADC Channel A0 input. C1IN0+ AN ― Comparator C1 positive input. DAC1OUT ― AN Digital-to-Analog Converter output. SS2 TTL/ST ― Slave Select 2 input. ICDDAT TTL/ST CMOS In-Circuit Debug Data I/O. ICSPDAT TTL/ST CMOS ICSP™ Data I/O. General purpose I/O. RA1 TTL/ST CMOS ANA1 AN ― ADC Channel A1 input. VREF+ AN ― ADC positive voltage reference input. C1IN0- AN — Comparator C1 negative input. C2IN0- AN ― Comparator C2 negative input. DAC1REF+ ― AN Digital-to-Analog Converter positive reference input. ICDCLK TTL/ST CMOS ICSPCLK TTL/ST CMOS In-Circuit Debug Clock I/O. ICSP™ Clock I/O. RA2 TTL/ST CMOS General purpose I/O. ANA2 AN ― ADC Channel A2 input. VREF- AN ― ADC negative voltage reference input. DAC1REF- ― AN Digital-to-Analog Converter negative reference input. T0CKI TTL/ST ― Timer0 Clock input. CCP3 TTL/ST CMOS CWG1IN TTL/ST ― Complementary Waveform Generator 1 input. CWG2IN TTL/ST ― Complementary Waveform Generator 2 input. Capture/Compare/PWM 3 input. INT TTL/ST ― RA3 TTL/ST CMOS External interrupt input. MCLR TTL/ST ― Master Clear with internal pull-up. VPP HV ― Programming voltage. General purpose I/O. General purpose I/O. RA4 TTL/ST CMOS ANA4 AN ― ADC Channel A4 input. T1G ST ― Timer1 gate input. SOSCO ― XTAL Secondary Oscillator connection. CLKOUT ― CMOS FOSC/4 output. OSC2 ― XTAL Crystal/Resonator (LP, XT, HS modes). Legend: AN = Analog input or output CMOS =CMOS compatible input or output OD = Open-Drain TTL = TTL compatible input ST =Schmitt Trigger input with CMOS levels I2C = Schmitt Trigger input with I2C HV = High Voltage XTAL =Crystal levels Note 1: Default peripheral input. Input can be moved to any other pin with the PPS input selection registers. See Register 12-1. 2: All pin outputs default to PORT latch data. Any pin can be selected as a digital peripheral output with the PPS output selection registers. See Register 12-2. 3: These I2C functions are bidirectional. The output pin selections must be the same as the input pin selections. DS40001795B-page 14 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 TABLE 1-2: PIC16(L)F18325 PINOUT DESCRIPTION (CONTINUED) Name Function Input Type Output Type RA5/ANA5/T1CKI(1)/ SOSCIN/ SOSCI/ CLCIN3(1)/CLKIN/ OSC1 RA5 TTL/ST CMOS RC0/ANC0/C2IN0+/ T5CKI(1)/ SCK1(1)/ SCL1(1,3) RC1/ANC1/C1IN1-/C2IN1-/ CCP4(1)/SDI1(1)/ SDA1(1,3)/ CLCIN2(1) RC2/ANC2/C1IN2-/C2IN2-/ MDCIN1(1) RC3/ANC3/C1IN3-/C2IN3-/ MDMIN(1)/T5G(1)/ CCP2(1)/ SS1(1)/CLCIN0(1) Description General purpose I/O. ANA5 AN ― ADC Channel A5 input. T1CKI TTL/ST ― Timer1 Clock input. SOSCIN TTL/ST ― Secondary Oscillator input connection. SOSCI XTAL ― Secondary Oscillator connection. CLCIN3 TTL/ST ― Configurable Logic Cell 3 input. CLKIN TTL/ST ― External clock input. OSC1 XTAL ― RC0 TTL/ST CMOS Crystal/Resonator (LP, XT, HS modes). General purpose I/O. ANC0 AN ― ADC Channel C0 input. C2IN0+ AN ― Comparator C2 positive input. T5CKI TTL/ST ― Timer5 Clock input. SCK1 TTL/ST CMOS 2 SCL1 I C™ OD SPI Clock 1. I2C™ Clock 1. RC1 TTL/ST CMOS ANC1 AN ― ADC Channel C1 input. General purpose I/O. C1IN1- AN ― Comparator C1 negative input. C2IN1- AN ― Comparator C2 negative input. CCP4 TTL/ST CMOS Capture/Compare/PWM 4 input. SDI1 TTL/ST CMOS SPI Data input 1. SDA1 I2C OD I2C Data 1. CLCIN2 TTL/ST ― RC2 TTL/ST CMOS Configurable Logic Cell 2 input. ANC2 AN ― ADC Channel C2 input. C1IN2- AN ― Comparator C1 negative input. C2IN2- AN ― Comparator C2 negative input. MDCIN1 TTL/ST ― Modular Carrier input 1. RC3 TTL/ST CMOS General purpose I/O. General purpose I/O. ANC3 AN ― ADC Channel C3 input. C1IN3- AN ― Comparator C1 negative input. C2IN3- AN ― Comparator C2 negative input. MDMIN TTL/ST ― Modular Source input. Timer5 gate input. T5G TTL/ST ― CCP2 TTL/ST CMOS SS1 TTL/ST ― Slave Select 1 input. CLCIN0 TTL/ST ― Configurable Logic Cell 0 input. Capture/Compare/PWM 2 input. Legend: AN = Analog input or output CMOS =CMOS compatible input or output OD = Open-Drain TTL = TTL compatible input ST =Schmitt Trigger input with CMOS levels I2C = Schmitt Trigger input with I2C HV = High Voltage XTAL =Crystal levels Note 1: Default peripheral input. Input can be moved to any other pin with the PPS input selection registers. See Register 12-1. 2: All pin outputs default to PORT latch data. Any pin can be selected as a digital peripheral output with the PPS output selection registers. See Register 12-2. 3: These I2C functions are bidirectional. The output pin selections must be the same as the input pin selections. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 15 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 TABLE 1-2: PIC16(L)F18325 PINOUT DESCRIPTION (CONTINUED) Name RC4/ANC4/T3G(1)/ SCK2(1)/ SCL2(1,3)/ CLCIN1(1) RC5/ANC5/MDCIN2(1)/ T3CKI(1)/CCP1(1)/SDI2(1)/ SDA2(1,3)/RX(1)/DT Function Input Type Output Type RC4 TTL/ST CMOS ANC4 AN ― ADC Channel C4 input. T3G TTL/ST ― Timer3 gate input. SCK2 TTL/ST CMOS SPI Clock 2. SCL2 I2C OD I2C Clock 2. CLCIN1 TTL/ST ― RC5 TTL/ST CMOS Description General purpose I/O. Configurable Logic Cell 1 input. General purpose I/O. ANC5 AN ― ADC Channel C5 input. MDCIN2 TTL/ST ― Modular Carrier input 2. T3CKI TTL/ST ― Timer3 Clock input. CCP1 TTL/ST CMOS Capture/Compare/PWM 1 input. SDI2 TTL/ST CMOS SPI Data 2. SDA2 I2C OD I2C Data 2. RX TTL/ST CMOS DT TTL/ST CMOS VDD VDD Power ― Positive supply. VSS VSS Power ― Ground reference. EUSART asynchronous input. EUSART synchronous data output. Legend: AN = Analog input or output CMOS =CMOS compatible input or output OD = Open-Drain TTL = TTL compatible input ST =Schmitt Trigger input with CMOS levels I2C = Schmitt Trigger input with I2C HV = High Voltage XTAL =Crystal levels Note 1: Default peripheral input. Input can be moved to any other pin with the PPS input selection registers. See Register 12-1. 2: All pin outputs default to PORT latch data. Any pin can be selected as a digital peripheral output with the PPS output selection registers. See Register 12-2. 3: These I2C functions are bidirectional. The output pin selections must be the same as the input pin selections. DS40001795B-page 16 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 TABLE 1-2: PIC16(L)F18325 PINOUT DESCRIPTION (CONTINUED) Name OUT(2) Function Input Type Output Type C1 ― CMOS Description Comparator C1 output. C2 ― CMOS Comparator C2 output. NCO1 ― CMOS Numerically Controlled Oscillator output. DSM ― CMOS Digital Signal Modulator output. TMR0 ― CMOS Timer0 clock output. CCP1 ― CMOS Capture/Compare/PWM 1 output. CCP2 ― CMOS Capture/Compare/PWM 2 output. CCP3 ― CMOS Capture/Compare/PWM 3 output. CCP4 ― CMOS Capture/Compare/PWM 4 output. PWM5 ― CMOS Pulse-Width Modulator 5 output. PWM6 ― CMOS Pulse-Width Modulator 6 output. CWG1A ― CMOS Complementary Waveform Generator 1 output A. CWG2A ― CMOS Complementary Waveform Generator 2 output A. CWG1B ― CMOS Complementary Waveform Generator 1 output B. CWG2B ― CMOS Complementary Waveform Generator 2 output B. CWG1C ― CMOS Complementary Waveform Generator 1 output C. CWG2C ― CMOS Complementary Waveform Generator 2 output C. CWG1D ― CMOS Complementary Waveform Generator 1 output D. CWG2D ― CMOS Complementary Waveform Generator 2 output D. SDA1(3) I2C OD I2C data output. SDA2(3) I2C OD I2C data output. (3) 2 I C OD I2C clock output. SCL2(3) I2C OD I2C clock output. SDO1 ― CMOS SPI1 data output. SD02 ― CMOS SPI2 data output. SCK1 ― CMOS SPI1 clock output. SCL1 SCK2 ― CMOS SPI2 clock output. TX/CK ― CMOS Asynchronous TX data/synchronous clock output. DT(3) ― CMOS EUSART synchronous data output. CLC1OUT ― CMOS Configurable Logic Cell 1 source output. CLC2OUT ― CMOS Configurable Logic Cell 2 source output. CLC3OUT ― CMOS Configurable Logic Cell 3 source output. CLC4OUT ― CMOS Configurable Logic Cell 4 source output. CLKR ― CMOS Clock Reference output. Legend: AN = Analog input or output CMOS =CMOS compatible input or output OD = Open-Drain TTL = TTL compatible input ST =Schmitt Trigger input with CMOS levels I2C = Schmitt Trigger input with I2C HV = High Voltage XTAL =Crystal levels Note 1: Default peripheral input. Input can be moved to any other pin with the PPS input selection registers. See Register 12-1. 2: All pin outputs default to PORT latch data. Any pin can be selected as a digital peripheral output with the PPS output selection registers. See Register 12-2. 3: These I2C functions are bidirectional. The output pin selections must be the same as the input pin selections. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 17 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 TABLE 1-3: PIC16(L)F18345 PINOUT DESCRIPTION Name RA0/ANA0/C1IN0+/DAC1OUT/ ICDDAT/ICSPDAT RA1/ANA1/VREF+/C1IN0-/ C2IN0-/ DAC1REF+/SS2(1)/ ICDCLK/ ICSPCLK RA2/ANA2/VREF-/ DAC1REF-/ T0CKI(1)/ CCP3(1)/CWG1IN(1)/ CWG2IN(1)/CLCIN0(1)/ INT(1) RA3/MCLR/VPP RA4/ANA4/T1G(1)/T3G(1)/ T5G(1)/SOSCO/CCP4(1)/ CLKOUT/OSC2 Function Input Type Output Type Description RA0 TTL/ST CMOS ANA0 AN ― ADC Channel A0 input. General purpose I/O. C1IN0+ AN ― Comparator C1 positive input. DAC1OUT ― AN ICDDAT TTL/ST CMOS In-Circuit Debug Data I/O. Digital-to-Analog Converter output. ICSPDAT TTL/ST CMOS ICSP™ Data I/O. RA1 TTL/ST CMOS ANA1 AN ― ADC Channel A1 input. General purpose I/O. VREF+ AN ― ADC positive voltage reference input. C1IN0- AN — Comparator C1 negative input. Comparator C2 negative input. C2IN0- AN ― DAC1REF+ AN ― Digital-to-Analog Converter positive reference input. SS2 TTL/ST ― Slave Select 2 input. ICDCLK TTL/ST CMOS In-Circuit Debug Clock I/O. ICSPCLK TTL/ST CMOS ICSPTM Clock I/O. RA2 TTL/ST CMOS General purpose I/O. ANA2 AN ― ADC Channel A2 input. VREF- AN ― ADC negative voltage reference input. DAC1REF- AN ― Digital-to-Analog Converter negative reference input. T0CKI TTL/ST ― Timer0 Clock input. CCP3 TTL/ST CMOS CWG1IN TTL/ST ― Complementary Waveform Generator 1 input. CWG2IN TTL/ST ― Complementary Waveform Generator 2 input. CLCIN0 TTL/ST ― Configurable Logic Cell 0 input. INT TTL/ST ― RA3 TTL/ST CMOS MCLR TTL/ST ― Master Clear with internal pull-up. Programming voltage. Capture/Compare/PWM 3 input. External interrupt input. General purpose I/O. VPP HV ― RA4 TTL/ST CMOS ANA4 AN ― ADC Channel A4 input. T1G TTL/ST ― Timer1 gate input. T3G TTL/ST ― Timer3 gate input. T5G TTL/ST ― SOSCO ― XTAL General purpose I/O. Timer5 gate input. Secondary Oscillator connection. CCP4 TTL/ST CMOS Capture/Compare/PWM 4 input. CLKOUT ― CMOS FOSC/4 output. OSC2 ― XTAL Crystal/Resonator (LP, XT, HS modes). Legend: AN = Analog input or output CMOS= CMOS compatible input or output OD = Open-Drain TTL = TTL compatible input ST = Schmitt Trigger input with CMOS levels I2C = Schmitt Trigger input with I2C HV = High Voltage XTAL = Crystal levels Note 1: Default peripheral input. Input can be moved to any other pin with the PPS input selection registers. See Register 12-2. 2: All pin outputs default to PORT latch data. Any pin can be selected as a digital peripheral output with the PPS output selection registers. See Register 12-2. 3: These I2C functions are bidirectional. The output pin selections must be the same as the input pin selections. DS40001795B-page 18 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 TABLE 1-3: PIC16(L)F18345 PINOUT DESCRIPTION (CONTINUED) Name RA5/ANA5/T1CKI(1)/ T3CKI(1)/ T5CKI(1)/ SOSCIN/SOSCI/ CLKIN/OSC1 RB4/ANB4/SDI1(1)/ SDA1(1,3)/ CLCIN2(1) RB5/ANB5/SDI2(1)/ SDA2(1,3)/ RX(1)/DT/CLCIN3(1) RB6/ANB6/SCK1(1)/ SCL1(1,3) RB7/ANB7/SCK2 (1) / SCL2 (1,3) RC0/ANC0/C2IN0+ RC1/ANC1/C1IN1-/C2IN1- RC2/ANC2/C1IN2-/C2IN2-/ MDCIN1(1) Function Input Type Output Type RA5 TTL/ST CMOS Description General purpose I/O. ANA5 AN ― ADC Channel A5 input. T1CKI TTL/ST ― Timer1 Clock input. T3CKI TTL/ST ― Timer3 Clock input. T5CKI TTL/ST ― Timer5 Clock input. SOSCIN TTL/ST ― Secondary Oscillator input connection. SOSCI XTAL ― Secondary Oscillator connection. CLKIN TTL/ST ― External clock input. OSC1 XTAL ― Crystal/Resonator (LP, XT, HS modes). RB4 TTL/ST CMOS ANB4 AN ― SDI1 TTL/ST CMOS SDA1 I2C™ OD I2C Data 1. Configurable Logic Cell 2 input. CLCIN2 TTL/ST ― RB5 TTL/ST CMOS ANB5 AN ― General purpose I/O. ADC Channel B4 input. SPI Data input 1. General purpose I/O. ADC Channel B5 input. SDI2 TTL/ST CMOS SDA2 I2C OD SPI Data input 2. RX TTL/ST CMOS EUSART asynchronous input. DT TTL/ST CMOS EUSART synchronous data output. I2C Data 2. CLCIN3 TTL/ST ― RB6 TTL/ST CMOS Configurable Logic Cell 3 input. ANB6 AN ― SCK1 TTL/ST CMOS SPI Clock 1. SCL1 2 I C OD I2C Clock 1. General purpose I/O. ADC Channel B6 input. RB7 TTL/ST CMOS ANB7 AN ― SCK2 TTL/ST CMOS SPI Clock 2. SCL2 I2C OD I2C Clock 2. RC0 TTL/ST CMOS ANC0 AN ― C2IN0+ AN ― RC1 TTL/ST CMOS ANC1 AN ― General purpose I/O. ADC Channel B7 input. General purpose I/O. ADC Channel C0 input. Comparator C2 positive input. General purpose I/O. ADC Channel C1 input. C1IN1- AN ― Comparator C1 negative input. C2IN1- AN ― Comparator C2 negative input. RC2 TTL/ST CMOS ANC2 AN ― General purpose I/O. ADC Channel C2 input. C1IN2- AN ― Comparator C1 negative input. C2IN2- AN ― Comparator C2 negative input. MDCIN1 TTL/ST ― Modular Carrier input 1. Legend: AN = Analog input or output CMOS= CMOS compatible input or output OD = Open-Drain TTL = TTL compatible input ST = Schmitt Trigger input with CMOS levels I2C = Schmitt Trigger input with I2C HV = High Voltage XTAL = Crystal levels Note 1: Default peripheral input. Input can be moved to any other pin with the PPS input selection registers. See Register 12-2. 2: All pin outputs default to PORT latch data. Any pin can be selected as a digital peripheral output with the PPS output selection registers. See Register 12-2. 3: These I2C functions are bidirectional. The output pin selections must be the same as the input pin selections. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 19 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 TABLE 1-3: PIC16(L)F18345 PINOUT DESCRIPTION (CONTINUED) Name Function Input Type Output Type RC3/ANC3/C1IN3-/C2IN3-/ MDMIN(1)/ CCP2(1)/CLCIN1(1)/ RC3 TTL/ST CMOS RC4/ANC4 RC5/ANC5/MDCIN2(1)/ CCP1(1) RC6/ANC6/SS1(1) RC7/ANC7 Description General purpose I/O. ANC3 AN ― ADC Channel C3 input. C1IN3- AN ― Comparator C1 negative input. C2IN3- AN ― Comparator C2 negative input. MDMIN TTL/ST ― Modular Source input. CCP2 TTL/ST CMOS Capture/Compare/PWM 2 input. CLCIN1 TTL/ST ― Configurable Logic Cell 1 input. RC4 TTL/ST CMOS ANC4 AN ― General purpose I/O. ADC Channel C4 input. RC5 TTL/ST CMOS ANC5 AN ― General purpose I/O. ADC Channel C5 input. MDCIN2 TTL/ST ― Modular Carrier input 2. CCP1 TTL/ST CMOS RC6 TTL/ST CMOS ANC6 AN ― Capture/Compare/PWM 1 input. General purpose I/O. ADC Channel C6 input. SS1 TTL/ST ― Slave Select 1 input. RC7 TTL/ST CMOS General purpose I/O. ANC7 AN ― ADC Channel C7 input. VDD VDD Power ― Positive supply. VSS VSS Power ― Ground reference. Legend: AN = Analog input or output CMOS= CMOS compatible input or output OD = Open-Drain TTL = TTL compatible input ST = Schmitt Trigger input with CMOS levels I2C = Schmitt Trigger input with I2C HV = High Voltage XTAL = Crystal levels Note 1: Default peripheral input. Input can be moved to any other pin with the PPS input selection registers. See Register 12-2. 2: All pin outputs default to PORT latch data. Any pin can be selected as a digital peripheral output with the PPS output selection registers. See Register 12-2. 3: These I2C functions are bidirectional. The output pin selections must be the same as the input pin selections. DS40001795B-page 20 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 TABLE 1-3: PIC16(L)F18345 PINOUT DESCRIPTION (CONTINUED) Name OUT(2) Function Input Type Output Type C1 ― CMOS Description Comparator C1 output. C2 ― CMOS Comparator C2 output. NCO1 ― CMOS Numerically Controlled Oscillator output. DSM ― CMOS Digital Signal Modulator output. TMR0 ― CMOS Timer0 clock output. CCP1 ― CMOS Capture/Compare/PWM 1 output. CCP2 ― CMOS Capture/Compare/PWM 2 output. CCP3 ― CMOS Capture/Compare/PWM 3 output. CCP4 ― CMOS Capture/Compare/PWM 4 output. PWM5 ― CMOS Pulse-Width Modulator 5 output. PWM6 ― CMOS Pulse-Width Modulator 6 output. CWG1A ― CMOS Complementary Waveform Generator 1 output A. CWG2A ― CMOS Complementary Waveform Generator 2 output A. CWG1B ― CMOS Complementary Waveform Generator 1 output B. CWG2B ― CMOS Complementary Waveform Generator 2 output B. CWG1C ― CMOS Complementary Waveform Generator 1 output C. CWG2C ― CMOS Complementary Waveform Generator 2 output C. CWG1D ― CMOS Complementary Waveform Generator 1 output D. CWG2D ― CMOS Complementary Waveform Generator 2 output D. SDA1(3) I2C OD I2C data output. SDA2(3) I2C OD I2C data output. (3) 2 I C OD I2C clock output. SCL2(3) I2C OD I2C clock output. SDO1 ― CMOS SPI1 data output. SD02 ― CMOS SPI2 data output. SCK1 ― CMOS SPI1 clock output. SCL1 SCK2 ― CMOS SPI2 clock output. TX/CK ― CMOS Asynchronous TX data/synchronous clock output. DT(3) ― CMOS EUSART synchronous data output. CLC1OUT ― CMOS Configurable Logic Cell 1 source output. CLC2OUT ― CMOS Configurable Logic Cell 2 source output. CLC3OUT ― CMOS Configurable Logic Cell 3 source output. CLC4OUT ― CMOS Configurable Logic Cell 4 source output. CLKR ― CMOS Clock Reference output. Legend: AN = Analog input or output CMOS= CMOS compatible input or output OD = Open-Drain TTL = TTL compatible input ST = Schmitt Trigger input with CMOS levels I2C = Schmitt Trigger input with I2C HV = High Voltage XTAL = Crystal levels Note 1: Default peripheral input. Input can be moved to any other pin with the PPS input selection registers. See Register 12-2. 2: All pin outputs default to PORT latch data. Any pin can be selected as a digital peripheral output with the PPS output selection registers. See Register 12-2. 3: These I2C functions are bidirectional. The output pin selections must be the same as the input pin selections. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 21 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 2.0 Relative addressing modes are available. Two File Select Registers (FSRs) provide the ability to read program and data memory. ENHANCED MID-RANGE CPU This family of devices contains an enhanced mid-range 8-bit CPU core. The CPU has 49 instructions. Interrupt capability includes automatic context saving. The hardware stack is 16-levels deep and has Overflow and Underflow Reset capability. Direct, Indirect, and FIGURE 2-1: • • • • Automatic Interrupt Context Saving 16-level Stack with Overflow and Underflow File Select Registers Instruction Set CORE BLOCK DIAGRAM 15 Configuration 15 MUX Nonvolatile Memory Program Bus 16-Level 8 Level Stack Stack (13-bit) (15-bit) 14 Instruction Instruction Reg reg 8 Data Bus Program Counter RAM Program Memory Read (PMR) 12 RAM Addr Addr MUX Direct Addr 7 5 Indirect Addr 12 12 BSR FSR Reg reg 15 FSR0reg Reg FSR FSR1 Reg FSR reg 15 STATUS Reg reg STATUS 8 3 Power-up Timer OSC1/CLKIN OSC2/CLKOUT Instruction Decodeand & Decode Control Timing Generation Oscillator Start-up Timer Power-on Reset Watchdog Timer Brown-out Reset MUX ALU 8 W reg Internal Oscillator Block VDD DS40001795B-page 22 VSS Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 2.1 Automatic Interrupt Context Saving During interrupts, certain registers are automatically saved in shadow registers and restored when returning from the interrupt. This saves stack space and user code. See Section 7.5 “Automatic Context Saving” for more information. 2.2 16-Level Stack with Overflow and Underflow These devices have a hardware stack memory 15 bits wide and 16 words deep. A Stack Overflow or Underflow will set the appropriate bit (STKOVF or STKUNF) in the PCON register, and if enabled, will cause a software Reset. See Section 3.4 “Stack” for more details. 2.3 File Select Registers There are two 16-bit File Select Registers (FSR). FSRs can access all file registers, program memory, and data EEPROM, which allows one Data Pointer for all memory. When an FSR points to program memory, there is one additional instruction cycle in instructions using INDF to allow the data to be fetched. General purpose memory can now also be addressed linearly, providing the ability to access contiguous data larger than 80 bytes. There are also new instructions to support the FSRs. See Section 3.5 “Indirect Addressing” for more details. 2.4 Instruction Set There are 49 instructions for the enhanced mid-range CPU to support the features of the CPU. See Section 33.0 “Instruction Set Summary” for more details. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 23 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 3.0 MEMORY ORGANIZATION These devices contain the following types of memory: • Program Memory - Configuration Words - Device ID - User ID - Program Flash Memory • Data Memory - Core Registers - Special Function Registers - General Purpose RAM - Common RAM - Data EEPROM The following features are associated with access and control of program memory and data memory: • • • • PCL and PCLATH Stack Indirect Addressing NVMREG Access 3.1 Program Memory Organization The enhanced mid-range core has a 15-bit program counter capable of addressing 32K x 14 program memory space. Table 3-1 shows the memory sizes implemented. Accessing a location above these boundaries will cause a wrap-around within the implemented memory space. The Reset vector is at 0000h and the interrupt vector is at 0004h (see Figure 3-1). TABLE 3-1: DEVICE SIZES AND ADDRESSES Device PIC16(L)F18325/18345 DS40001795B-page 24 Program Memory Size (Words) Last Program Memory Address 8192 1FFFh Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 FIGURE 3-1: PROGRAM MEMORY MAP AND STACK FOR PIC16(L)F18325/18345 PC<14:0> CALL, CALLW RETURN, RETLW Interrupt, RETFIE On-chip Program Memory 15 3.1.1 READING PROGRAM MEMORY AS DATA There are two methods of accessing constants in program memory. The first method is to use tables of RETLW instructions. The second method is to set an FSR to point to the program memory. 3.1.1.1 RETLW Instruction Stack Level 0 Stack Level 1 The RETLW instruction can be used to provide access to tables of constants. The recommended way to create such a table is shown in Example 3-1. Stack Level 15 EXAMPLE 3-1: Reset Vector 0000h Interrupt Vector 0004h 0005h constants BRW RETLW RETLW RETLW RETLW Page 0-3 Rollover to Page 0 Wraps to Page 0 1FFFh 2000h The BRW instruction makes this type of table very simple to implement. If your code must remain portable with previous generations of microcontrollers, the older table read method must be used because the BRW instruction is not available in some devices, such as the PIC16F6XX, PIC16F7XX, PIC16F8XX, and PIC16F9XX devices. Wraps to Page 0 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. ;Add Index in W to ;program counter to ;select data ;Index0 data ;Index1 data my_function ;… LOTS OF CODE… MOVLW DATA_INDEX call constants ;… THE CONSTANT IS IN W Wraps to Page 0 Rollover to Page 0 DATA0 DATA1 DATA2 DATA3 RETLW INSTRUCTION 7FFFh Preliminary DS40001795B-page 25 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 3.1.1.2 Indirect Read with FSR FIGURE 3-2: The program memory can be accessed as data by setting bit 7 of the FSRxH register and reading the matching INDFx register. The MOVIW instruction will place the lower eight bits of the addressed word in the W register. Writes to the program memory cannot be performed via the INDF registers. Instructions that access the program memory via the FSR require one extra instruction cycle to complete. Example 3-2 demonstrates accessing the program memory via an FSR. BANKED MEMORY PARTITIONING Memory Region 7-bit Bank Offset 00h Core Registers (12 bytes) 0Bh 0Ch Special Function Registers The HIGH directive will set bit 7 if a label points to a location in the program memory. 1Fh 20h EXAMPLE 3-2: ACCESSING PROGRAM MEMORY VIA FSR constants RETLW DATA0 ;Index0 data RETLW DATA1 ;Index1 data RETLW DATA2 RETLW DATA3 my_function ;… LOTS OF CODE… MOVLW LOW constants MOVWF FSR1L MOVLW HIGH constants MOVWF FSR1H MOVIW 0[FSR1] ;THE PROGRAM MEMORY IS IN W General Purpose RAM (80 bytes maximum) 6Fh 70h Common RAM (16 bytes) 7Fh 3.2.1 3.2 Data Memory Organization The data memory is partitioned into 32 memory banks with 128 bytes in each bank. Each bank consists of (Figure 3-2): • • • • 12 core registers Special Function Registers (SFR) Up to 80 bytes of General Purpose RAM (GPR) 16 bytes of common RAM The core registers contain the registers that directly affect the basic operation. The core registers occupy the first 12 addresses of every data memory bank (addresses x00h/x80h through x0Bh/x8Bh). These registers are listed below in Table 3-2. For detailed information, see Table 3-4. TABLE 3-2: The active bank is selected by writing the bank number into the Bank Select Register (BSR). Unimplemented memory will read as ‘0’. All data memory can be accessed either directly (via instructions that use the file registers) or indirectly via the two File Select Registers (FSR). See Section 3.5 “Indirect Addressing”” for more information. Data memory uses a 12-bit address. The upper seven bits of the address define the Bank address and the lower five bits select the registers/RAM in that bank. DS40001795B-page 26 CORE REGISTERS Preliminary CORE REGISTERS Addresses BANKx x00h or x80h x01h or x81h x02h or x82h x03h or x83h x04h or x84h x05h or x85h x06h or x86h x07h or x87h x08h or x88h x09h or x89h x0Ah or x8Ah x0Bh or x8Bh INDF0 INDF1 PCL STATUS FSR0L FSR0H FSR1L FSR1H BSR WREG PCLATH INTCON 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 3.2.1.1 STATUS Register The STATUS register, shown in Register 3-1, contains: • The arithmetic status of the ALU • The Reset status The STATUS register can be the destination for any instruction, like any other register. If the STATUS register is the destination for an instruction that affects the Z, DC or C bits, then the write to these three bits is disabled. These bits are set or cleared according to the device logic. Furthermore, the TO and PD bits are not writable. Therefore, the result of an instruction with the STATUS register as destination may be different than intended. REGISTER 3-1: U-0 It is recommended, therefore, that only BCF, BSF, SWAPF and MOVWF instructions are used to alter the STATUS register, because these instructions do not affect any Status bits. For other instructions not affecting any Status bits (Refer to Section 3.0 “Memory Organization”). Note 1: The C and DC bits operate as Borrow and Digit Borrow out bits, respectively, in subtraction. STATUS: STATUS REGISTER U-0 — For example, CLRF STATUS will clear the upper three bits and set the Z bit. This leaves the STATUS register as ‘000u u1uu’ (where u = unchanged). — U-0 R-1/q — TO R-1/q PD R/W-0/u R/W-0/u R/W-0/u Z DC(1) C(1) bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared q = Value depends on condition bit 7-5 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 4 TO: Time-Out bit 1 = After power-up, CLRWDT instruction or SLEEP instruction 0 = A WDT Time-out occurred bit 3 PD: Power-Down bit 1 = After power-up or by the CLRWDT instruction 0 = By execution of the SLEEP instruction bit 2 Z: Zero bit 1 = The result of an arithmetic or logic operation is zero 0 = The result of an arithmetic or logic operation is not zero bit 1 DC: Digit Carry/Digit Borrow bit (ADDWF, ADDLW, SUBLW, SUBWF instructions)(1) 1 = A carry-out from the 4th low-order bit of the result occurred 0 = No carry-out from the 4th low-order bit of the result bit 0 C: Carry/Borrow bit(1) (ADDWF, ADDLW, SUBLW, SUBWF instructions)(1) 1 = A carry-out from the Most Significant bit of the result occurred 0 = No carry-out from the Most Significant bit of the result occurred Note 1: For Borrow, the polarity is reversed. A subtraction is executed by adding the two’s complement of the second operand. For rotate (RRF, RLF) instructions, this bit is loaded with either the high-order or low-order bit of the source register. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 27 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 3.2.2 SPECIAL FUNCTION REGISTER 3.2.4 The Special Function Registers are registers used by the application to control the desired operation of peripheral functions in the device. The Special Function Registers occupy the 20 bytes after the core registers of every data memory bank (addresses x0Ch/x8Ch through x1Fh/x9Fh), with the exception of banks 27, 28, and 29 (PPS and CLC registers). The registers associated with the operation of the peripherals are described in the appropriate peripheral chapter of this data sheet. 3.2.3 COMMON RAM There are 16 bytes of common RAM accessible from all banks. 3.2.5 DEVICE MEMORY MAPS The memory maps for PIC16(L)F18325/18345 are as shown in Table 3-4. GENERAL PURPOSE RAM There are up to 80 bytes of GPR in each data memory bank. The Special Function Registers occupy the 20 bytes after the core registers of every data memory bank (addresses x0Ch/x8Ch through x1Fh/x9Fh), with the exception of banks 27, 28, and 29 (PPS and CLC registers). 3.2.3.1 Linear Access to GPR The general purpose RAM can be accessed in a non-banked method via the FSRs. This can simplify access to large memory structures. See Section 3.5.2 “Linear Data Memory” for more information. TABLE 3-3: Address SPECIAL FUNCTION REGISTER SUMMARY BANKS 0-31 (ALL BANKS)(1) Name Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Value on: POR, BOR Value on all other Resets All Banks 000h INDF0 Addressing this location uses contents of FSR0H/FSR0L to address data memory (not a physical register) xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx 001h INDF1 Addressing this location uses contents of FSR1H/FSR1L to address data memory (not a physical register) xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx 002h PCL Program Counter (PC) Least Significant Byte 003h STATUS 004h FSR0L Indirect Data Memory Address 0 Low Pointer 0000 0000 uuuu uuuu 005h FSR0H Indirect Data Memory Address 0 High Pointer 0000 0000 0000 0000 006h FSR1L Indirect Data Memory Address 1 Low Pointer 0000 0000 uuuu uuuu 007h FSR1H Indirect Data Memory Address 1 High Pointer 008h BSR 009h WREG 00Ah PCLATH — 00Bh INTCON GIE Legend: x = unknown, u = unchanged, q =depends on condition, - = unimplemented, read as ‘0’, r = reserved. Shaded locations unimplemented, read as ‘0’. These registers can be accessed from any bank. Note 1: — — — — — — TO BSR4 0000 0000 0000 0000 PD Z DC C 0000 0000 0000 0000 BSR3 BSR2 BSR1 BSR0 Working Register DS40001795B-page 28 ---0 0000 ---0 0000 0000 0000 uuuu uuuu Write Buffer for the upper 7 bits of the Program Counter PEIE ---1 1000 ---q quuu — — — Preliminary — -000 0000 -000 0000 — INTEDG 00-- ---1 00-- ---1 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Name PIC16(L)F18345 Address SPECIAL FUNCTION REGISTER SUMMARY BANKS 0-31 PIC16(L)F18325 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. TABLE 3-4: Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Value on all other Resets Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Value on: POR, BOR RA2 RA1 RA0 --xx xxxx --uu uuuu Bank 0 CPU CORE REGISTERS; see Table 3-2 for specifics PORTA PORTB 00Eh PORTC 00Fh — 010h PIR0 — — TMR0IF 011h PIR1 TMR1GIF ADIF RCIF TXIF SSP1IF BCL1IF 012h PIR2 TMR6IF C2IF C1IF NVMIF SSP2IF BCL2IF 013h PIR3 OSFIF CSWIF TMR3GIF TMR3IF CLC4IF CLC3IF 014h PIR4 CWG2IF CWG1IF TMR5GIF TMR5IF CCP4IF CCP3IF 015h TMR0L 016h TMR0H 017h T0CON0 018h T0CON1 019h TMR1L 01Ah TMR1H 01Bh T1CON 01Ch T1GCON DS40001795B-page 29 01Dh TMR2 01Eh PR2 01Fh T2CON Legend: Note 1: 2: — — RA5 RA4 X — RA3 Unimplemented — — — X RB7 RB6 RB5 RB4 — — — — xxxx ---- uuuu ---- X — — — RC5 RC4 RC3 RC2 RC1 RC0 --xx xxxx --uu uuuu — X RC7 RC6 RC5 RC4 RC3 RC2 RC1 RC0 xxxx xxxx uuuu uuuu — — INTF --00 ---0 --00 ---0 TMR2IF TMR1IF 0000 0000 0000 0000 TMR4IF NCO1IF 0000 0000 0000 0000 CLC2IF CLC1IF 0000 0000 0000 0000 CCP2IF CCP1IF — Unimplemented IOCIF — — TMR0L<7:0> — T0OUT T0CS<2:0> 1111 1111 1111 1111 T016BIT T0OUTPS<3:0> T0ASYNC T0CKPS<3:0> 0-00 0000 0-00 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 TMR1L<7:0> xxxx xxxx uuuu uuuu TMR1H<7:0> TMR1CS<1:0> TMR1GE — T1GPOL T1CKPS<1:0> T1GTM T1GSPM T2OUTPS<3:0> 0000 0000 0000 0000 xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx TMR0H<7:0> T0EN — xxxx xxxx uuuu uuuu T1SOSC T1SYNC T1GGO/ DONE T1GVAL — TMR1ON T1GSS<1:0> 0000 00-0 uuuu uu-u 0000 0x00 uuuu uxuu TMR2<7:0> 0000 0000 0000 0000 PR2<7:0> 1111 1111 1111 1111 TMR2ON T2CKPS<1:0> x = unknown, u = unchanged, q =depends on condition, - = unimplemented, read as ‘0’, r = reserved. Shaded locations unimplemented, read as ‘0’. Only on PIC16F18325/18345. Register accessible from both User and ICD Debugger. -000 0000 -000 0000 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 Preliminary 00Ch 00Dh PIC16(L)F18345 Name PIC16(L)F18325 Address SPECIAL FUNCTION REGISTER SUMMARY BANKS 0-31 (CONTINUED) Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Value on: POR, BOR Value on all other Resets Bit 1 Bit 0 TRISA2 TRISA1 TRISA0 --11 -111 --11 -111 Bank 1 CPU CORE REGISTERS; see Table 3-2 for specifics 08Ch TRISA 08Dh TRISB — — TRISA5 TRISA4 X — — Unimplemented — — Preliminary — X TRISB7 TRISB6 TRISB5 TRISB4 — — — — 1111 ---- 1111 ---- X — — — TRISC5 TRISC4 TRISC3 TRISC2 TRISC1 TRISC0 --11 1111 --11 1111 — X TRISC7 TRISC6 TRISC5 TRISC4 TRISC3 TRISC2 TRISC1 TRISC0 1111 1111 1111 1111 — INTE --00 ---0 --00 ---0 0000 0000 0000 0000 08Eh TRISC 08Fh — 090h PIE0 — ― TMR0IE 091h PIE1 TMR1GIE ADIE 092h PIE2 TMR6IE C2IE 093h PIE3 OSFIE 094h PIE4 CWG2IE 095h — — 096h — — 097h WDTCON 098h — — Unimplemented — — 099h — — Unimplemented — — 09Ah — — Unimplemented — — 09Bh ADRESL 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. 09Ch ADRESH 09Dh ADCON0 09Eh ADCON1 09Fh ADACT Legend: Note 1: 2: — Unimplemented — — — RCIE TXIE SSP1IE BCL1IE TMR2IE TMR1IE C1IE NVMIE SSP2IE BCL2IE TMR4IE NCO1IE 0000 0000 0000 0000 CSWIE TMR3GIE TMR3IE CLC4IE CLC3IE CLC2IE CLC1IE 0000 0000 0000 0000 CWG1IE TMR5GIE TMR5IE CCP4IE CCP3IE CCP2IE CCP1IE 0000 0000 0000 0000 Unimplemented Unimplemented — — WDTPS<4:0> SWDTEN ADRESL<7:0> ADRESH<7:0> ADFM ADCS<2:0> — — — — — — --01 0110 --01 0110 xxxx xxxx uuuu uuuu xxxx xxxx uuuu uuuu CHS<5:0> — — IOCIE GO/DONE — ADNREF ADON ADPREF<1:0> ADACT<4:0> x = unknown, u = unchanged, q =depends on condition, - = unimplemented, read as ‘0’, r = reserved. Shaded locations unimplemented, read as ‘0’. Only on PIC16F18325/18345. Register accessible from both User and ICD Debugger. 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 -000 0000 -000 ---0 0000 ---0 0000 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 DS40001795B-page 30 TABLE 3-4: Name PIC16(L)F18345 Address SPECIAL FUNCTION REGISTER SUMMARY BANKS 0-31 (CONTINUED) PIC16(L)F18325 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. TABLE 3-4: Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Value on: POR, BOR Value on all other Resets Bit 1 Bit 0 LATA2 LATA1 LATA0 --xx -xxx --uu -uuu — — — xxxx ---- uuuu ---- Bank 2 CPU CORE REGISTERS; see Table 3-2 for specifics 10Ch LATA 10Dh LATB — — X 10Eh LATC — LATA5 X — LATA4 — Unimplemented LATB7 LATB6 LATB5 LATB4 — — — X — — — LATC5 LATC4 LATC3 LATC2 LATC1 LATC0 --xx xxxx --uu uuuu — X LATC7 LATC6 LATC5 LATC4 LATC3 LATC2 LATC1 LATC0 xxxx xxxx uuuu uuuu — — Unimplemented — — 110h — — Unimplemented — — 111h CM1CON0 C1ON C1OUT 112h CM1CON1 C1INTP C1INTN 113h CM2CON0 C2ON C2OUT 114h CM2CON1 C2INTP C2INTN 115h CMOUT — — — — — — MC2OUT MC1OUT ---- --00 ---- --00 116h BORCON SBOREN — — — — — — BORRDY 1--- ---q u--- ---u 117h FVRCON FVREN FVRRDY TSEN TSRNG CDAFVR<1:0> 118h DACCON0 DAC1EN — DAC1OE — DAC1PSS<1:0> 119h DACCON1 — — — 11Ah to 11Fh — Legend: Note 1: 2: — — C1POL — C1SP — C2SP C1PCH<2:0> — C2POL C1HYS C1SYNC C1NCH<2:0> C2PCH<2:0> C2HYS 0000 0000 0000 0000 C2SYNC C2MCH<2:0> 00-0 -100 00-0 -100 0000 0000 0000 0000 ADFVR<1:0> — 00-0 -100 00-0 -100 DAC1NSS DAC1R<4:0> Unimplemented x = unknown, u = unchanged, q =depends on condition, - = unimplemented, read as ‘0’, r = reserved. Shaded locations unimplemented, read as ‘0’. Only on PIC16F18325/18345. Register accessible from both User and ICD Debugger. 0q00 0000 0q00 0000 0-0- 00-0 0-0- 00-0 ---0 0000 ---0 0000 — — DS40001795B-page 31 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 Preliminary 10Fh PIC16(L)F18345 Name PIC16(L)F18325 Address SPECIAL FUNCTION REGISTER SUMMARY BANKS 0-31 (CONTINUED) Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Value on: POR, BOR Value on all other Resets Bit 1 Bit 0 ANSA2 ANSA1 ANSA0 --xx -xxx --uu -uuu Bank 3 CPU CORE REGISTERS; see Table 3-2 for specifics 18Ch ANSELA 18Dh ANSELB ― ― ANSA5 X ― ― ANSA4 ― Unimplemented — — ANSB7 ANSB6 ANSB5 ANSB4 ― ― ― ― xxxx ---- uuuu ---- ― ― ANSC5 ANSC4 ANSC3 ANSC2 ANSC1 ANSC0 --xx xxxx --uu uuuu ANSC7 ANSC6 ANSC5 ANSC4 ANSC3 ANSC2 ANSC1 ANSC0 xxxx xxxx uuuu uuuu 18Eh ANSELC 18Fh ― ― Unimplemented — — 190h ― ― Unimplemented — — 191h ― ― Unimplemented — — 192h ― ― Unimplemented — — 193h ― ― Unimplemented — — 194h ― ― Unimplemented — — 195h ― ― Unimplemented — — 196h ― ― — — 197h VREGCON(1) ― ― X Preliminary 198h ― 199h RC1REG Unimplemented ― ― ― ― ― ― ― VREGPM<1:0> Unimplemented ---- --01 ---- --01 — RC1REG<7:0> — 0000 0000 0000 0000 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. 19Ah TX1REG TX1REG<7:0> 0000 0000 0000 0000 19Bh SP1BRGL SP1BRG<7:0> 0000 0000 0000 0000 19Ch SP1BRGH SP1BRG<15:8> 0000 0000 0000 0000 19Dh RC1STA SPEN RX9 SREN CREN ADDEN FERR OERR RX9D 0000 000x 0000 000x 19Eh TX1STA CSRC TX9 TXEN SYNC SENDB BRGH TMRT TX9D 0000 0010 0000 0010 19Fh BAUD1CON ABDOVF RCIDL — SCKP BRG16 — WUE ABDEN 01-0 0-00 01-0 0-00 Legend: Note 1: 2: x = unknown, u = unchanged, q =depends on condition, - = unimplemented, read as ‘0’, r = reserved. Shaded locations unimplemented, read as ‘0’. Only on PIC16F18325/18345. Register accessible from both User and ICD Debugger. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 DS40001795B-page 32 TABLE 3-4: Name PIC16(L)F18345 Address SPECIAL FUNCTION REGISTER SUMMARY BANKS 0-31 (CONTINUED) PIC16(L)F18325 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. TABLE 3-4: Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Value on: POR, BOR Value on all other Resets Bit 1 Bit 0 WPUA2 WPUA1 WPUA0 --00 0000 --00 0000 ― ― ― 0000 ---- 0000 ---- Bank 4 CPU CORE REGISTERS; see Table 3-2 for specifics 20Ch WPUA 20Dh WPUB ― ― X 20Eh WPUC ― WPUA5 X ― WPUA4 WPUA3 Unimplemented WPUB7 WPUB6 WPUB5 WPUB4 ― ― ― X ― ― ― WPUC5 WPUC4 WPUC3 WPUC2 WPUC1 WPUC0 --00 0000 --00 0000 ― X WPUC7 WPUC6 WPUC5 WPUC4 WPUC3 WPUC2 WPUC1 WPUC0 0000 0000 0000 0000 ― ― Unimplemented ― ― 210h ― ― Unimplemented ― ― 211h SSP1BUF SSP1BUF<7:0> xxxx xxxx uuuu uuuu 212h SSP1ADD SSP1ADD<7:0> 0000 0000 0000 0000 213h SSP1MSK SSP1MSK<7:0> 1111 1111 1111 1111 214h SSP1STAT SMP CKE D/A P 215h SSP1CON1 WCOL SSPOV SSPEN CKP 216h SSP1CON2 GCEN ACKSTAT ACKDT ACKEN RCEN 217h SSP1CON3 ACKTIM PCIE SCIE BOEN SDAHT 218h ― 219h SSP2BUF ― S R/W UA BF PEN RSEN SEN 0000 0000 0000 0000 SBCDE AHEN DHEN 0000 0000 0000 0000 SSPM<3:0> 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 Unimplemented ― SSP2BUF<7:0> ― xxxx xxxx uuuu uuuu DS40001795B-page 33 21Ah SSP2ADD SSP2ADD<7:0> 0000 0000 0000 0000 21Bh SSP2MSK SSP2MSK<7:0> 1111 1111 1111 1111 21Ch SSP2STAT SMP CKE D/A P 21Dh SSP2CON1 WCOL SSPOV SSPEN CKP 21Eh SSP2CON2 GCEN ACKSTAT ACKDT ACKEN RCEN 21Fh SSP2CON3 ACKTIM PCIE SCIE BOEN SDAHT Legend: Note 1: 2: S R/W UA BF PEN RSEN SEN 0000 0000 0000 0000 SBCDE AHEN DHEN 0000 0000 0000 0000 SSPM<3:0> 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 x = unknown, u = unchanged, q =depends on condition, - = unimplemented, read as ‘0’, r = reserved. Shaded locations unimplemented, read as ‘0’. Only on PIC16F18325/18345. Register accessible from both User and ICD Debugger. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 Preliminary 20Fh PIC16(L)F18345 Name PIC16(L)F18325 Address SPECIAL FUNCTION REGISTER SUMMARY BANKS 0-31 (CONTINUED) Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Value on: POR, BOR Value on all other Resets Bit 1 Bit 0 ODCA2 ODCA1 ODCA0 --00 -000 --00 -000 Bank 5 CPU CORE REGISTERS; see Table 3-2 for specifics 28Ch ODCONA 28Dh ODCONB ― ― ODCA5 ODCA4 X ― ― Unimplemented ― ― ― X ODCB7 ODCB6 ODCB5 ODCB4 ― ― ― ― 0000 ---- 0000 ---- X ― ― ― ODCC5 ODCC4 ODCC3 ODCC2 ODCC1 ODCC0 --00 0000 --00 0000 ― X ODCC7 ODCC6 ODCC5 ODCC4 ODCC3 ODCC2 ODCC1 ODCC0 0000 0000 0000 0000 Preliminary 28Eh ODCONC 28Fh ― — Unimplemented ― ― 290h ― ― Unimplemented ― ― 291h CCPR1L CCPR1<7:0> 292h CCPR1H 293h CCP1CON CCP1EN 294h CCP1CAP ― 295h CCPR2L xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx CCPR1<15:8> ― xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx CCP1OUT CCP1FMT CCP1MODE<3:0> 0-x0 0000 0-x0 0000 ― ― CCP1CTS<3:0> ---- 0000 ---- xxxx CCPR2<7:0> xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. 296h CCPR2H 297h CCP2CON CCP2EN ― CCP2OUT CCP2FMT CCP2MODE<3:0> 0-x0 0000 0-x0 0000 298h CCP2CAP ― ― ― ― CCP2CTS<3:0> ---- 0000 ---- xxxx 299h ― ― Unimplemented ― ― 29Ah ― ― Unimplemented ― ― 29Bh ― ― Unimplemented ― ― 29Ch ― ― Unimplemented ― ― 29Dh ― ― Unimplemented ― ― 29Eh ― ― ― ― 29Fh CCPTMRS Legend: Note 1: 2: CCPR2<15:8> xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx Unimplemented C4TSEL<1:0> C3TSEL<1:0> C2TSEL<1:0> C1TSEL<1:0> x = unknown, u = unchanged, q =depends on condition, - = unimplemented, read as ‘0’, r = reserved. Shaded locations unimplemented, read as ‘0’. Only on PIC16F18325/18345. Register accessible from both User and ICD Debugger. 0101 0101 0101 0101 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 DS40001795B-page 34 TABLE 3-4: Name PIC16(L)F18345 Address SPECIAL FUNCTION REGISTER SUMMARY BANKS 0-31 (CONTINUED) PIC16(L)F18325 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. TABLE 3-4: Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Value on: POR, BOR Value on all other Resets Bit 1 Bit 0 SLRA2 SLRA1 SLRA0 --11 -111 --11 -111 ― ― ― 1111 ---- 1111 ---- Bank 6 CPU CORE REGISTERS; see Table 3-2 for specifics 30Ch SLRCONA 30Dh SLRCONB ― ― X 30Eh SLRCONC ― SLRA5 X ― SLRA4 ― Unimplemented SLRB7 SLRB6 SLRB5 SLRB4 ― ― ― X ― ― ― SLRC5 SLRC4 SLRC3 SLRC2 SLRC1 SLRC0 --11 1111 --11 1111 ― X SLRC7 SLRC6 SLRC5 SLRC4 SLRC3 SLRC2 SLRC1 SLRC0 1111 1111 1111 1111 ― ― Unimplemented ― ― 310h ― ― Unimplemented ― ― 311h CCPR3L CCPR3<7:0> xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx 312h CCPR3H 313h CCP3CON CCP3EN ― CCP3OUT CCP3FMT CCPR3<15:8> CCP3MODE<3:0> 0-x0 0000 0-x0 0000 314h CCP3CAP ― ― ― ― CCP3CTS<3:0> ---- 0000 ---- xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx 315h CCPR4L CCPR4<7:0> xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx 316h CCPR4H CCPR4<15:8> xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx 317h CCP4CON CCP4EN ― CCP4OUT CCP4FMT CCP4MODE<3:0> 0-x0 0000 0-x0 0000 318h CCP4CAP ― ― ― ― CCP4CTS<3:0> ---- 0000 ---- xxxx 319h to 31Fh ― Legend: Note 1: 2: ― Unimplemented x = unknown, u = unchanged, q =depends on condition, - = unimplemented, read as ‘0’, r = reserved. Shaded locations unimplemented, read as ‘0’. Only on PIC16F18325/18345. Register accessible from both User and ICD Debugger. ― ― DS40001795B-page 35 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 Preliminary 30Fh PIC16(L)F18345 Name PIC16(L)F18325 Address SPECIAL FUNCTION REGISTER SUMMARY BANKS 0-31 (CONTINUED) Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Value on: POR, BOR Value on all other Resets Bit 1 Bit 0 INLVLA2 INLVLA1 INLVLA0 --11 1111 --11 1111 Bank 7 CPU CORE REGISTERS; see Table 3-2 for specifics 38Ch INLVLA 38Dh INLVLB ― ― INLVLA5 X ― INLVLA4 INLVLA3 Unimplemented ― ― ― X INLVLB7 INLVLB6 INLVLB5 INLVLB4 ― ― ― ― 1111 ---- 1111 ---- X ― ― ― INLVLC5 INLVLC4 INLVLC3 INLVLC2 INLVLC1 INLVLC0 --11 1111 --11 1111 ― X INLVLC7 INLVLC6 INLVLC5 INLVLC4 INLVLC3 INLVLC2 INLVLC1 INLVLC0 1111 1111 1111 1111 Preliminary 38Eh INLVLC 38Fh ― ― Unimplemented ― ― 390h ― ― Unimplemented ― ― 391h IOCAP ― ― IOCAP5 IOCAP4 IOCAP3 IOCAP2 IOCAP1 IOCAP0 --00 0000 --00 0000 392h IOCAN ― ― IOCAN5 IOCAN4 IOCAN3 IOCAN2 IOCAN1 IOCAN0 --00 0000 --00 0000 393h IOCAF ― ― IOCAF5 IOCAF4 IOCAF3 IOCAF2 IOCAF1 IOCAF0 --00 0000 --00 0000 394h IOCBP ― ― ― 0000 ---- 0000 ---- ― ― ― 0000 ---- 0000 ---- ― ― ― 0000 ---- 0000 ---- X ― ― X 395h IOCBN IOCBF 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. 398h 399h Legend: Note 1: 2: IOCCP IOCCN IOCCF IOCBP6 IOCBP5 IOCBP4 IOCBN7 IOCBN6 IOCBN5 IOCBN4 IOCBF7 IOCBF6 IOCBF5 IOCBF4 ― ― Unimplemented X ― ― X 397h IOCBP7 X ― ― X 396h Unimplemented ― ― Unimplemented ― ― ― ― ― X ― ― ― IOCCP5 IOCCP4 IOCCP3 IOCCP2 IOCCP1 IOCCP0 --00 0000 --00 0000 ― X IOCCP7 IOCCP6 IOCCP5 IOCCP4 IOCCP3 IOCCP2 IOCCP1 IOCCP0 0000 0000 0000 0000 X ― ― ― IOCCN5 IOCCN4 IOCCN3 IOCCN2 IOCCN1 IOCCN0 --00 0000 --00 0000 ― X IOCCN7 IOCCN6 IOCCN5 IOCCN4 IOCCN3 IOCCN2 IOCCN1 IOCCN0 0000 0000 0000 0000 X ― ― ― IOCCF5 IOCCF4 IOCCF3 IOCCF2 IOCCF1 IOCCF0 --00 0000 --00 0000 ― X IOCCF7 IOCCF6 IOCCF5 IOCCF4 IOCCF3 IOCCF2 IOCCF1 IOCCF0 0000 0000 0000 0000 x = unknown, u = unchanged, q =depends on condition, - = unimplemented, read as ‘0’, r = reserved. Shaded locations unimplemented, read as ‘0’. Only on PIC16F18325/18345. Register accessible from both User and ICD Debugger. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 DS40001795B-page 36 TABLE 3-4: Name PIC16(L)F18345 Address SPECIAL FUNCTION REGISTER SUMMARY BANKS 0-31 (CONTINUED) PIC16(L)F18325 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. TABLE 3-4: Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Value on: POR, BOR Value on all other Resets Bank 7 CPU CORE REGISTERS; see Table 3-2 for specifics CLKRCON ― 39Ch MDCON MDEN 39Dh MDSRC ― 39Eh MDCARH ― 39Fh MDCARL ― MDCLPOL ― ― CLKRDC<1:0> CLKRDIV<2:0> 0--1 0000 0--1 0001 Unimplemented ― MDOUT ― ― ― MDBIT ― ― MDOPOL ― ― ― MDMS<3:0> ---- xxxx 0--- uuuu MDCHPOL MDCHSYNC ― MDCH<3:0> -xx- xxxx -uu- uuuu MDCLSYNC ― MDCL<3:0> -xx- xxxx -uu- uuuu 0--0 0--0 0--0 0--0 x = unknown, u = unchanged, q =depends on condition, - = unimplemented, read as ‘0’, r = reserved. Shaded locations unimplemented, read as ‘0’. Only on PIC16F18325/18345. Register accessible from both User and ICD Debugger. DS40001795B-page 37 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 Preliminary Legend: Note 1: 2: CLKREN ― 39Ah 39Bh PIC16(L)F18345 Name PIC16(L)F18325 Address SPECIAL FUNCTION REGISTER SUMMARY BANKS 0-31 (CONTINUED) Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Value on: POR, BOR Value on all other Resets ― ― Bank 8 CPU CORE REGISTERS; see Table 3-2 for specifics 40Ch to 410h ― ― Unimplemented 411h TMR3L TMR3L<7:0> 412h TMR3H TMR3H<7:0> 413h T3CON Preliminary 414h T3GCON 415h TMR4 416h PR4 417h T4CON 418h TMR5L 419h TMR5H 41Ah T5CON 41Bh T5GCON 41Ch TMR6 41Dh PR6 41Eh T6CON 41Fh ― 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Legend: Note 1: 2: TMR3CS<1:0> TMR3GE T3GPOL ― T3CKPS<1:0> T3GTM T3GSPM xxxx xxxx uuuu uuuu xxxx xxxx uuuu uuuu T3SOSC T3SYNC T3GGO/ DONE T3GVAL ― TMR3ON T3GSS<1:0> 0000 0000 0000 0000 PR4<7:0> 1111 1111 1111 1111 TMR4ON T4CKPS<1:0> TMR5L<7:0> ― ― T5GPOL T5CKPS<1:0> T5GTM T5GSPM -000 0000 -000 0000 xxxx xxxx uuuu uuuu TMR5H<7:0> TMR5GE 0000 0x00 uuuu uxuu TMR4<7:0> T4OUTPS<3:0> TMR5CS<1:0> 0000 00-0 uuuu uu-u xxxx xxxx uuuu uuuu T5SOSC T5SYNC T5GGO/ DONE T5GVAL ― TMR5ON T5GSS<1:0> 0000 00-0 uuuu uu-u 0000 0x00 uuuu uxuu TMR6<7:0> 0000 0000 0000 0000 PR6<7:0> 1111 1111 1111 1111 T6OUTPS<3:0> TMR6ON T6CKPS<1:0> Unimplemented x = unknown, u = unchanged, q =depends on condition, - = unimplemented, read as ‘0’, r = reserved. Shaded locations unimplemented, read as ‘0’. Only on PIC16F18325/18345. Register accessible from both User and ICD Debugger. -000 0000 -000 0000 ― ― PIC16(L)F18325/18345 DS40001795B-page 38 TABLE 3-4: Name PIC16(L)F18345 Address SPECIAL FUNCTION REGISTER SUMMARY BANKS 0-31 (CONTINUED) PIC16(L)F18325 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. TABLE 3-4: Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Value on: POR, BOR Value on all other Resets ― ― Bank 9 CPU CORE REGISTERS; see Table 3-2 for specifics 48Ch to 497h ― ― Unimplemented 498h NCO1ACCL NCO1ACC<7:0> 499h NCO1ACCH NCO1ACC<15:8> 49Ah NCO1ACCU 49Bh NCO1INCL — ― ― ― 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 NCO1ACC<19:16> NCO1INC<7:0> 0000 0001 0000 0001 NCO1INCH 49Dh NCO1INCU ― ― ― ― NCO1INC<15:8> 49Eh NCO1CON N1EN ― N1OUT N1POL ― ― 49Fh NCO1CLK ― ― ― N1PWS<2:0> 0000 0000 0000 0000 NCO1INC<19:16> ― ---- 0000 ---- 0000 N1PFM N1CKS<1:0> x = unknown, u = unchanged, q =depends on condition, - = unimplemented, read as ‘0’, r = reserved. Shaded locations unimplemented, read as ‘0’. Only on PIC16F18325/18345. Register accessible from both User and ICD Debugger. 0-00 ---0 0-00 ---0 000- --00 000- --00 DS40001795B-page 39 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 Preliminary 49Ch Legend: Note 1: 2: ---- 0000 ---- 0000 PIC16(L)F18345 Name PIC16(L)F18325 Address SPECIAL FUNCTION REGISTER SUMMARY BANKS 0-31 (CONTINUED) Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Value on: POR, BOR Value on all other Resets Bank 10-11 CPU CORE REGISTERS; see Table 3-2 for specifics 50Ch to 51Fh ― ― Unimplemented ― ― 58Ch to 59Fh ― ― Unimplemented ― ― 60Ch ― ― Unimplemented ― ― 60Dh ― ― Unimplemented ― ― 60Eh ― ― Unimplemented ― ― 60Fh ― ― Unimplemented ― ― 610h ― ― Unimplemented ― ― 611h ― ― Unimplemented ― ― 612h ― ― Unimplemented ― ― 613h ― ― Unimplemented ― ― 614h ― ― Unimplemented ― ― 615h ― ― Unimplemented ― ― 616h ― ― Unimplemented ― ― 617h PWM5DCL 618h PWM5DCH 619h PWM5CON 61Ah PWM6DCL 61Bh PWM6DCH 61Ch PWM6CON 61Dh to 61Eh ― 61Fh PWMTMRS Bank 12 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Legend: Note 1: 2: PWM5DC<1:0> ― ― ― ― ― ― PWM5DC<9:2> PWM5EN ― PWM6DC<1:0> xxxx xxxx uuuu uuuu PWM5OUT PWM5POL ― ― ― ― 0-00 ---- 0-00 ---- ― ― ― ― ― ― xx-- ---- uu-- ---- ― ― ― PWM6DC<9:2> PWM6EN ― PWM6OUT ― PWM6POL xxxx xxxx uuuu uuuu ― Unimplemented ― ― xx-- ---- uu-- ---- ― ― 0-00 ---- 0-00 ---― P6TSEL<1:0> P5TSEL<1:0> x = unknown, u = unchanged, q =depends on condition, - = unimplemented, read as ‘0’, r = reserved. Shaded locations unimplemented, read as ‘0’. Only on PIC16F18325/18345. Register accessible from both User and ICD Debugger. ― ---- 0101 ---- 0101 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 DS40001795B-page 40 TABLE 3-4: Name PIC16(L)F18345 Address SPECIAL FUNCTION REGISTER SUMMARY BANKS 0-31 (CONTINUED) PIC16(L)F18325 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. TABLE 3-4: Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Value on: POR, BOR Value on all other Resets Bank 13 CPU CORE REGISTERS; see Table 3-2 for specifics ― ― Unimplemented ― ― ― ― Unimplemented ― ― 68Eh ― ― Unimplemented ― ― 68Fh ― ― Unimplemented ― ― 690h ― ― Unimplemented ― ― 691h CWG1CLKCON ― ― ― ― 692h CWG1DAT ― ― ― ― 693h CWG1DBR ― ― ― ― ― CS DAT<3:0> ---- 0000 ---- 0000 DBR<5:0> 694h CWG1DBF ― ― 695h CWG1CON0 EN LD ― 696h CWG1CON1 ― ― IN 697h CWG1AS0 SHUTDOWN REN --00 0000 --00 0000 DBF<5:0> ― ― ― POLD LSBD<1:0> ---- ---0 ---- ---0 --00 0000 --00 0000 MODE<2:0> POLC LSAC<1:0> 00-- -000 00-- -000 POLB POLA --x- 0000 --x- 0000 ― ― 0001 01-- 0001 01-- 698h CWG1AS1 ― ― ― AS4E AS3E AS2E AS1E AS0E ---0 0000 ---0 0000 699h CWG1STR OVRD OVRC OVRB OVRA STRD STRC STRB STRA 0000 0000 0000 0000 69Ah to 69Fh ― Legend: Note 1: 2: ― Unimplemented x = unknown, u = unchanged, q =depends on condition, - = unimplemented, read as ‘0’, r = reserved. Shaded locations unimplemented, read as ‘0’. Only on PIC16F18325/18345. Register accessible from both User and ICD Debugger. ― ― DS40001795B-page 41 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 Preliminary 68Ch 68Dh PIC16(L)F18345 Name PIC16(L)F18325 Address SPECIAL FUNCTION REGISTER SUMMARY BANKS 0-31 (CONTINUED) Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Value on: POR, BOR Value on all other Resets Bank 14 CPU CORE REGISTERS; see Table 3-2 for specifics 70Ch ― ― Unimplemented ― ― 70Dh ― ― Unimplemented ― ― 70Eh ― ― Unimplemented ― ― 70Fh ― ― Unimplemented ― ― 710h ― ― ― ― 711h CWG2CLKCON ― ― ― ― ― ― Unimplemented ― ― Preliminary 712h CWG2DAT ― ― 713h CWG2DBR ― ― DBR<5:0> 714h CWG2DBF ― ― DBF<5:0> 715h CWG2CON0 EN LD ― 716h CWG2CON1 ― ― IN 717h CWG2AS0 SHUTDOWN REN ― CS DAT<3:0> ― ― ― POLD LSBD<1:0> ---- ---0 ---- ---0 ---- 0000 ---- 0000 --00 0000 --00 0000 --00 0000 --00 0000 MODE<2:0> POLC LSAC<1:0> 00-- -000 00-- -000 POLB POLA --x- 0000 --x- 0000 ― ― 0001 01-- 0001 01-- 718h CWG2AS1 ― ― ― AS4E AS3E AS2E AS1E AS0E ---0 0000 ---0 0000 719h CWG2STR OVRD OVRC OVRB OVRA STRD STRC STRB STRA 0000 0000 0000 0000 71Ah to 71Fh ― Legend: Note 1: 2: ― Unimplemented x = unknown, u = unchanged, q =depends on condition, - = unimplemented, read as ‘0’, r = reserved. Shaded locations unimplemented, read as ‘0’. Only on PIC16F18325/18345. Register accessible from both User and ICD Debugger. ― ― PIC16(L)F18325/18345 DS40001795B-page 42 TABLE 3-4: 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Name PIC16(L)F18345 Address SPECIAL FUNCTION REGISTER SUMMARY BANKS 0-31 (CONTINUED) PIC16(L)F18325 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. TABLE 3-4: Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Value on: POR, BOR Value on all other Resets Banks 15-16 CPU CORE REGISTERS; see Table 3-2 for specifics 78Ch to 79FH ― ― Unimplemented ― ― 80Ch to 81Fh ― ― Unimplemented ― ― 88Ch ― ― Unimplemented ― ― 88Dh ― ― Unimplemented ― ― 88Eh ― ― Unimplemented ― ― 88Fh ― ― Unimplemented ― ― 890h ― ― Unimplemented ― ― 891h NVMADRL 892h NVMADRH Bank 17 ― 0000 0000 0000 0000 NVMADR<14:8> 893h NVMDATL 894h NVMDATH ― ― ― NVMREGS 1000 0000 1000 0000 NVMDAT<7:0> 0000 0000 NVMDAT<13:8> 0000 0000 --00 0000 --00 0000 DS40001795B-page 43 895h NVMCON1 896h NVMCON2 897h ― ― Unimplemented ― ― 898h ― ― Unimplemented ― ― 899h ― ― Unimplemented ― ― 89Ah ― ― Unimplemented ― ― 89Bh PCON0 89Ch to 89Fh ― Legend: Note 1: 2: LWLO FREE WRERR WREN WR RD NVMCON2 STKOVF ― STKUNF ― RWDT RMCLR -000 x000 -000 q000 0000 0000 0000 0000 RI POR BOR Unimplemented x = unknown, u = unchanged, q =depends on condition, - = unimplemented, read as ‘0’, r = reserved. Shaded locations unimplemented, read as ‘0’. Only on PIC16F18325/18345. Register accessible from both User and ICD Debugger. 00-1 110q qq-q qquu ― ― PIC16(L)F18325/18345 Preliminary NVMADR<7:0> PIC16(L)F18345 Name PIC16(L)F18325 Address SPECIAL FUNCTION REGISTER SUMMARY BANKS 0-31 (CONTINUED) Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Value on: POR, BOR Value on all other Resets Bank 18 CPU CORE REGISTERS; see Table 3-2 for specifics Preliminary 90Ch ― ― Unimplemented ― ― 90Dh ― ― Unimplemented ― ― 90Eh ― ― Unimplemented ― ― 90Fh ― ― Unimplemented ― ― 910h ― ― ― ― 911h PMD0 SYSCMD FVRMD ― ― ― 912h PMD1 NCOMD TMR6MD TMR5MD TMR4MD TMR3MD 913h PMD2 ― DACMD ADCMD ― ― 914h PMD3 CWG2MD CWG1MD PWM6MD PWM5MD CCP4MD 915h PMD4 ― ― UART1MD ― 916h PMD5 ― ― ― CLC4MD 917h ― Unimplemented ― NVMMD CLKRMD IOCMD 00-- -000 00-- -000 TMR2MD TMR1MD TMR0MD 0--- -000 0--- -000 CMP2MD CMP1MD ― -00- --0- -00- --0- CCP3MD CCP2MD CCP1MD -000 --00 -000 --00 ― MSSP2MD MSSP1MD ― --0- --0- --0- --0- CLC3MD CLC2MD CLC1MD DSMMD ---- -000 ---- -000 Unimplemented ROI DOE ― 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. 918h CPUDOZE IDLEN 919h OSCCON1 ― NOSC<2:0> NDIV<3:0> 91Ah OSCCON2 ― COSC<2:0> CDIV<3:0> 91Bh OSCCON3 CSWHOLD SOSCPWR SOSCBE ORDY NOSCR ― ― ― 0000 0--- 0000 0--- 91Ch OSCSTAT1 EXTOR HFOR ― LFOR SOR ADOR ― PLLR qq-q qq-q qq-q qq-q 91Dh OSCEN EXTOEN HFOEN ― LFOEN SOSCEN ADOEN ― ― 91Eh OSCTUNE ― ― 91Fh OSCFRQ ― ― Legend: Note 1: 2: DOZEN ― ― DOZE<2:0> 000- -000 000- -000 -qqq 0000 -qqq 0000 -qqq 0000 -qqq 0000 HFTUN<5:0> ― ― ― 00-0 00-- 00-0 00---10 0000 --10 0000 HFFRQ<2:0> x = unknown, u = unchanged, q =depends on condition, - = unimplemented, read as ‘0’, r = reserved. Shaded locations unimplemented, read as ‘0’. Only on PIC16F18325/18345. Register accessible from both User and ICD Debugger. ---- -qqq ---- -qqq PIC16(L)F18325/18345 DS40001795B-page 44 TABLE 3-4: Name PIC16(L)F18345 Address SPECIAL FUNCTION REGISTER SUMMARY BANKS 0-31 (CONTINUED) PIC16(L)F18325 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. TABLE 3-4: Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Value on: POR, BOR Value on all other Resets Banks 19-27 CPU CORE REGISTERS; see Table 3-2 for specifics — — Unimplemented — — A0Ch to A6Fh — — Unimplemented — — A8Ch to AEFh — — Unimplemented — — B0Ch to B6Fh — — Unimplemented — — B8Ch to BEFh — — Unimplemented — — C0Ch to C6Fh — — Unimplemented — — C8Ch to CEFh — — Unimplemented — — D0Ch to D6Fh — — Unimplemented — — D8Ch to DEFh — — Unimplemented — — Legend: Note 1: 2: x = unknown, u = unchanged, q =depends on condition, - = unimplemented, read as ‘0’, r = reserved. Shaded locations unimplemented, read as ‘0’. Only on PIC16F18325/18345. Register accessible from both User and ICD Debugger. DS40001795B-page 45 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 Preliminary 98Ch to 9EFh PIC16(L)F18345 Name PIC16(L)F18325 Address SPECIAL FUNCTION REGISTER SUMMARY BANKS 0-31 (CONTINUED) Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Value on: POR, BOR Value on all other Resets Bank 28 CPU CORE REGISTERS; see Table 3-2 for specifics Preliminary E0Ch ― ― Unimplemented ― ― E0Dh ― ― Unimplemented ― ― E0Eh ― ― ― ― E0Fh PPSLOCK ― ― ― E10h INTPPS ― ― ― INTPPS<4:0> ---0 0010 ---u uuuu E11h T0CKIPPS ― ― ― T0CKIPPS<4:0> ---0 0010 ---u uuuu E12h T1CKIPPS ― ― ― T1CKIPPS<4:0> ---0 0101 ---u uuuu E13h T1GPPS ― ― ― T1GPPS<4:0> ---0 0100 ---u uuuu E14h CCP1PPS ― ― ― CCP1PPS<4:0> ---1 0011 ---u uuuu E15h CCP2PPS ― ― ― CCP2PPS<4:0> ---1 0101 ---u uuuu E16h CCP3PPS E17h CCP4PPS Unimplemented ― ― ― ― PPSLOCKED ---- ---0 ---- ---0 ― ― ― CCP3PPS<4:0> ---0 0010 ---u uuuu X ― ― ― ― CCP4PPS<4:0> ---1 0001 ---u uuuu ― X ― ― ― CCP4PPS<4:0> ---0 0100 ---u uuuu CWG1PPS ― ― ― CWG1PPS<4:0> ---0 0010 ---u uuuu E19h CWG2PPS ― ― ― CWG2PPS<4:0> ---0 0010 ---u uuuu E1Ah MDCIN1PPS ― ― ― MDCIN1PPS<4:0> ---1 0010 ---u uuuu E1Bh MDCIN2PPS ― ― ― MDCIN2PPS<4:0> ---1 0101 ---u uuuu E1Ch MDMINPPS ― ― ― MDMINPPS<4:0> ---1 0011 ---u uuuu E1Dh SSP2CLKPPS E18h 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. E1Eh SSP2DATPPS E1Fh SSP2SSPPS E20h SSP1CLKPPS Legend: Note 1: 2: X ― ― ― ― SSP2CLKPPS<4:0> ---1 0100 ---u uuuu ― X ― ― ― SSP2CLKPPS<4:0> ---0 1111 ---u uuuu X ― ― ― ― SSP2DATPPS<4:0> ---1 0101 ---u uuuu ― X ― ― ― SSP2DATPPS<4:0> ---0 1101 ---u uuuu X ― ― ― ― SSP2SSPPS<4:0> ---0 0000 ---u uuuu ― X ― ― ― SSP2SSPPS<4:0> ---0 0001 ---u uuuu X ― ― ― ― SSP1CLKPPS<4:0> ---1 0000 ---u uuuu ― X ― ― ― SSP1CLKPPS<4:0> ---0 1110 ---u uuuu x = unknown, u = unchanged, q =depends on condition, - = unimplemented, read as ‘0’, r = reserved. Shaded locations unimplemented, read as ‘0’. Only on PIC16F18325/18345. Register accessible from both User and ICD Debugger. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 DS40001795B-page 46 TABLE 3-4: Name PIC16(L)F18345 Address SPECIAL FUNCTION REGISTER SUMMARY BANKS 0-31 (CONTINUED) PIC16(L)F18325 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. TABLE 3-4: Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Value on: POR, BOR Value on all other Resets Bank 28 CPU CORE REGISTERS; see Table 3-2 for specifics E21h SSP1DATPPS SSP1SSPPS E23h ― E24h RXPPS E25h TXPPS ― ― ― SSP1DATPPS<4:0> ― ― ― SSP1DATPPS<4:0> ---0 1100 ---u uuuu X ― ― ― ― SSP1SSPPS<4:0> ---1 0011 ---u uuuu ― X ― ― ― SSP1SSPPS<4:0> ---1 0100 ---u uuuu ― Unimplemented ---1 0001 ---u uuuu ― ― X ― ― ― ― RXPPS<4:0> ---1 0101 ---u uuuu ― X ― ― ― RXPPS<4:0> ---0 1101 ---u uuuu X ― ― ― ― TXPPS<4:0> ---1 0100 ---u uuuu ― X ― ― ― TXPPS<4:0> ---0 1111 ---u uuuu E26h ― ― Unimplemented ― ― E27h ― ― Unimplemented ― ― E28h CLCIN0PPS E29h CLCIN1PPS E2Ah CLCIN2PPS E2Bh E2Ch CLCIN3PPS T3CKIPPS DS40001795B-page 47 E2Dh T3GPPS E2Eh T5CKIPPS E2Fh Legend: Note 1: 2: T5GPPS X ― ― ― ― CLCIN0PPS<4:0> ---1 0011 ---u uuuu ― X ― ― ― CLCIN0PPS<4:0> ---0 0010 ---u uuuu X ― ― ― ― CLCIN1PPS<4:0> ---0 0100 ---u uuuu ― X ― ― ― CLCIN1PPS<4:0> ---1 0011 ---u uuuu X ― ― ― ― CLCIN2PPS<4:0> ---1 0001 ---u uuuu ― X ― ― ― CLCIN2PPS<4:0> ---0 1100 ---u uuuu X ― ― ― ― CLCIN3PPS<4:0> ---0 0101 ---u uuuu ― X ― ― ― CLCIN3PPS<4:0> ---0 1101 ---u uuuu X ― ― ― ― T3CKIPPS<4:0> ---1 0001 ---u uuuu ― X ― ― ― T3CKIPPS<4:0> ---0 0101 ---u uuuu X ― ― ― ― T3GPPS<4:0> ---1 0001 ---u uuuu ― X ― ― ― T3GPPS<4:0> ---1 0100 ---u uuuu X ― ― ― ― T5CKIPPS<4:0> ---1 0001 ---u uuuu ― X ― ― ― T5CKIPPS<4:0> ---0 0101 ---u uuuu X ― ― ― ― T5GPPS<4:0> ---1 0001 ---u uuuu ― X ― ― ― T5GPPS<4:0> ---1 0100 ---u uuuu x = unknown, u = unchanged, q =depends on condition, - = unimplemented, read as ‘0’, r = reserved. Shaded locations unimplemented, read as ‘0’. Only on PIC16F18325/18345. Register accessible from both User and ICD Debugger. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 Preliminary E22h X ― ― X PIC16(L)F18345 Name PIC16(L)F18325 Address SPECIAL FUNCTION REGISTER SUMMARY BANKS 0-31 (CONTINUED) Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Value on: POR, BOR Value on all other Resets Bank 29 CPU CORE REGISTERS; see Table 3-2 for specifics Preliminary E8Dh ― ― Unimplemented ― ― E8Eh ― ― Unimplemented ― ― E8Fh ― ― Unimplemented ― ― E90h RA0PPS ― ― ― RA0PPS<4:0> ---0 0000 ---u uuuu E91h RA1PPS ― ― ― RA1PPS<4:0> ---0 0000 ---u uuuu E92h RA2PPS ― ― ― RA2PPS<4:0> ---0 0000 ---u uuuu E93h ― E94h RA4PPS RA4PPS<4:0> ---0 0000 ---u uuuu RA5PPS<4:0> ---0 0000 ---u uuuu ― Unimplemented ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― E95h RA5PPS E96h ― ― Unimplemented ― ― E97h ― ― Unimplemented ― ― E98h ― ― Unimplemented ― ― E99h ― ― Unimplemented ― ― E9Ah ― ― Unimplemented ― ― E9Bh ― ― Unimplemented ― ― E9Ch RB4PPS X ― Unimplemented ― ― ― X E9Dh RB5PPS 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. RB6PPS E9Fh RB7PPS ― ― ― ― ---0 0000 ---u uuuu RB5PPS<4:0> ---0 0000 ---u uuuu ― Unimplemented ― ― ― X ― ― X RB4PPS<4:0> Unimplemented X ― ― X Legend: Note 1: 2: ― X ― ― X E9Eh ― ― ― ― ― RB6PPS<4:0> ---0 0000 ---u uuuu RB7PPS<4:0> ---0 0000 ---u uuuu Unimplemented ― ― ― x = unknown, u = unchanged, q =depends on condition, - = unimplemented, read as ‘0’, r = reserved. Shaded locations unimplemented, read as ‘0’. Only on PIC16F18325/18345. Register accessible from both User and ICD Debugger. ― PIC16(L)F18325/18345 DS40001795B-page 48 TABLE 3-4: Name PIC16(L)F18345 Address SPECIAL FUNCTION REGISTER SUMMARY BANKS 0-31 (CONTINUED) PIC16(L)F18325 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. TABLE 3-4: Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Value on: POR, BOR Value on all other Resets Bank 29 CPU CORE REGISTERS; see Table 3-2 for specifics RC0PPS ― ― ― RC0PPS<4:0> ---0 0000 ---u uuuu RC1PPS ― ― ― RC1PPS<4:0> ---0 0000 ---u uuuu EA2h RC2PPS ― ― ― RC2PPS<4:0> ---0 0000 ---u uuuu EA3h RC3PPS ― ― ― RC3PPS<4:0> ---0 0000 ---u uuuu EA4h RC4PPS ― ― ― RC4PPS<4:0> ---0 0000 ---u uuuu EA5h RC5PPS ― ― ― RC5PPS<4:0> ---0 0000 ---u uuuu EA6h RC6PPS RC6PPS<4:0> ---0 0000 ---u uuuu RC7PPS<4:0> ---0 0000 ---u uuuu X ― ― X EA7h RC7PPS ― ― ― ― ― ― X ― ― X Legend: Note 1: 2: Unimplemented ― Unimplemented ― x = unknown, u = unchanged, q =depends on condition, - = unimplemented, read as ‘0’, r = reserved. Shaded locations unimplemented, read as ‘0’. Only on PIC16F18325/18345. Register accessible from both User and ICD Debugger. ― ― DS40001795B-page 49 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 Preliminary EA0h EA1h PIC16(L)F18345 Name PIC16(L)F18325 Address SPECIAL FUNCTION REGISTER SUMMARY BANKS 0-31 (CONTINUED) Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Value on: POR, BOR Value on all other Resets Bank 30 CPU CORE REGISTERS; see Table 3-2 for specifics F0Ch ― ― Unimplemented ― ― F0Dh ― ― Unimplemented ― ― F0Eh ― ― Unimplemented ― ― F0Fh CLCDATA ― ― ― ― MLC4OUT MLC3OUT MLC2OUT MLC1OUT ---- 0000 ---- 0000 LC1G1POL 0--- xxxx 0--- uuuu Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. F10h CLC1CON LC1EN ― LC1OUT LC1INTP LC1INTN F11h CLC1POL LC1POL ― ― ― LC1G4POL F12h CLC1SEL0 ― ― LC1D1S<5:0> --xx xxxx --uu uuuu F13h CLC1SEL1 ― ― LC1D2S<5:0> --xx xxxx --uu uuuu F14h CLC1SEL2 ― ― LC1D3S<5:0> --xx xxxx --uu uuuu F15h CLC1SEL3 ― ― LC1D4S<5:0> F16h CLC1GLS0 LC1G1D4T LC1G1D4N LC1G1D3T LC1G1D3N LC1G1D2T LC1G1D2N LC1G1D1T LC1G1D1N xxxx xxxx uuuu uuuu F17h CLC1GLS1 LC1G2D4T LC1G2D4N LC1G2D3T LC1G2D3N LC1G2D2T LC1G2D2N LC1G2D1T LC1G2D1N xxxx xxxx uuuu uuuu F18h CLC1GLS2 LC1G3D4T LC1G3D4N LC1G3D3T LC1G3D3N LC1G3D2T LC1G3D2N LC1G3D1T LC1G3D1N xxxx xxxx uuuu uuuu F19h CLC1GLS3 LC1G4D4T LC1G4D4N LC1G4D3T LC1G4D3N LC1G4D2T LC1G4D2N LC1G4D1T LC1G4D1N xxxx xxxx uuuu uuuu F1Ah CLC2CON LC2EN ― LC2OUT LC2INTP LC2INTN F1Bh CLC2POL LC2POL ― ― ― LC2G4POL LC2G1POL 0--- xxxx 0--- uuuu F1Ch CLC2SEL0 ― ― LC2D1S<5:0> --xx xxxx --uu uuuu F1Dh CLC2SEL1 ― ― LC2D2S<5:0> --xx xxxx --uu uuuu F1Eh CLC2SEL2 ― ― LC2D3S<5:0> --xx xxxx --uu uuuu F1Fh CLC2SEL3 ― ― LC2D4S<5:0> --xx xxxx --uu uuuu Legend: Note 1: 2: LC1MODE<2:0> LC1G3POL LC1G2POL 0-00 0000 0-00 0000 --xx xxxx --uu uuuu LC2MODE<2:0> LC2G3POL LC2G2POL 0-00 0000 0-00 0000 x = unknown, u = unchanged, q =depends on condition, - = unimplemented, read as ‘0’, r = reserved. Shaded locations unimplemented, read as ‘0’. Only on PIC16F18325/18345. Register accessible from both User and ICD Debugger. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 DS40001795B-page 50 TABLE 3-4: Name PIC16(L)F18345 Address SPECIAL FUNCTION REGISTER SUMMARY BANKS 0-31 (CONTINUED) PIC16(L)F18325 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. TABLE 3-4: Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Value on: POR, BOR Value on all other Resets Bank 30 CPU CORE REGISTERS; see Table 3-2 for specifics F20h CLC2GLS0 LC2G1D4T LC2G1D4N LC2G1D3T LC2G1D3N LC2G1D2T LC2G1D2N LC2G1D1T LC2G1D1N xxxx xxxx uuuu uuuu F21h CLC2GLS1 LC2G2D4T LC2G2D4N LC2G2D3T LC2G2D3N LC2G2D2T LC2G2D2N LC2G2D1T LC2G2D1N xxxx xxxx uuuu uuuu F22h CLC2GLS2 LC2G3D4T LC2G3D4N LC2G3D3T LC2G3D3N LC2G3D2T LC2G3D2N LC2G3D1T LC2G3D1N xxxx xxxx uuuu uuuu F23h CLC2GLS3 LC2G4D4T LC2G4D4N LC2G4D3T LC2G4D3N LC2G4D2T LC2G4D2N LC2G4D1T LC2G4D1N F24h CLC3CON LC3EN ― LC3OUT LC3INTP LC3INTN ― ― LC3G4POL LC3MODE<2:0> xxxx xxxx uuuu uuuu 0-00 0000 0-00 0000 DS40001795B-page 51 CLC3POL LC3POL ― CLC3SEL0 ― ― LC3D1S<5:0> --xx xxxx --uu uuuu F27h CLC3SEL1 ― ― LC3D2S<5:0> --xx xxxx --uu uuuu F28h CLC3SEL2 ― ― LC3D3S<5:0> --xx xxxx --uu uuuu F29h CLC3SEL3 ― ― LC3D4S<5:0> F2Ah CLC3GLS0 LC3G1D4T LC3G1D4N LC3G1D3T LC3G1D3N LC3G1D2T LC3G1D2N LC3G1D1T LC3G1D1N xxxx xxxx uuuu uuuu F2Bh CLC3GLS1 LC3G2D4T LC3G2D4N LC3G2D3T LC3G2D3N LC3G2D2T LC3G2D2N LC3G2D1T LC3G2D1N xxxx xxxx uuuu uuuu F2Ch CLC3GLS2 LC3G3D4T LC3G3D4N LC3G3D3T LC3G3D3N LC3G3D2T LC3G3D2N LC3G3D1T LC3G3D1N xxxx xxxx uuuu uuuu F2Dh CLC3GLS3 LC3G4D4T LC3G4D4N LC3G4D3T LC3G4D3N LC3G4D2T LC3G4D2N LC3G4D1T LC3G4D1N xxxx xxxx uuuu uuuu F2Eh CLC4CON LC4EN ― LC4OUT LC4INTP LC4INTN F2Fh CLC4POL LC4POL ― ― ― LC4G4POL LC4G1POL 0--- xxxx 0--- uuuu F30h CLC4SEL0 ― ― LC4D1S<5:0> --xx xxxx --uu uuuu F31h CLC4SEL1 ― ― LC4D2S<5:0> --xx xxxx --uu uuuu F32h CLC4SEL2 ― ― LC4D3S<5:0> --xx xxxx --uu uuuu F33h CLC4SEL3 ― ― LC4D4S<5:0> F34h CLC4GLS0 LC4G1D4T LC4G1D4N LC4G1D3T LC4G1D3N LC4G1D2T LC4G1D2N LC4G1D1T LC4G1D1N xxxx xxxx uuuu uuuu F35h CLC4GLS1 LC4G2D4T LC4G2D4N LC4G2D3T LC4G2D3N LC4G2D2T LC4G2D2N LC4G2D1T LC4G2D1N xxxx xxxx uuuu uuuu F36h CLC4GLS2 LC4G3D4T LC4G3D4N LC4G3D3T LC4G3D3N LC4G3D2T LC4G3D2N LC4G3D1T LC4G3D1N xxxx xxxx uuuu uuuu F37h CLC4GLS3 LC4G4D4T LC4G4D4N LC4G4D3T LC4G4D3N LC4G4D2T LC4G4D2N LC4G4D1T LC4G4D1N xxxx xxxx uuuu uuuu Legend: Note 1: 2: LC3G3POL LC3G2POL LC3G1POL --xx xxxx --uu uuuu LC4MODE<2:0> LC4G3POL 0--- xxxx 0--- uuuu LC4G2POL 0-00 0000 0-00 0000 --xx xxxx --uu uuuu x = unknown, u = unchanged, q =depends on condition, - = unimplemented, read as ‘0’, r = reserved. Shaded locations unimplemented, read as ‘0’. Only on PIC16F18325/18345. Register accessible from both User and ICD Debugger. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 Preliminary F25h F26h PIC16(L)F18345 Name PIC16(L)F18325 Address SPECIAL FUNCTION REGISTER SUMMARY BANKS 0-31 (CONTINUED) Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Value on: POR, BOR Value on all other Resets — — Bank 31 — only accessible from Debug Executive, unless otherwise specified CPU CORE REGISTERS; see Table 3-2 for specifics Preliminary F8Ch to FE3h — FE4h(2) STATUS_SHAD FE5h(2) WREG_SHAD FE6h(2) BSR_SHAD — FE7h(2) PCLATH_SHAD — FE8h(2) FSR0L_SHAD Indirect Data Memory Address 0 Low Pointer Normal (Non-ICD) Shadow xxxx xxxx uuuu uuuu FE9h(2) FSR0H_SHAD Indirect Data Memory Address 0 High Pointer Normal (Non-ICD) Shadow xxxx xxxx uuuu uuuu FEAh(2) FSR1L_SHAD Indirect Data Memory Address 1 Low Pointer Normal (Non-ICD) Shadow xxxx xxxx uuuu uuuu FEBh(2) FSR1H_SHAD Indirect Data Memory Address 1 High Pointer Normal (Non-ICD) Shadow xxxx xxxx uuuu uuuu FECh — FEDh(2) STKPTR FEEh(2) TOSL FEFh(2) Legend: Note 1: 2: TOSH — — Unimplemented — — — — — Z DC C Working Register Normal (Non-ICD) Shadow — — Bank Select Register Normal (Non-ICD) Shadow Program Counter Latch High Register Normal (Non-ICD) Shadow — Unimplemented — — — xxxx xxxx uuuu uuuu ---x xxxx ---u uuuu -xxx xxxx -uuu uuuu — Current Stack pointer Top of Stack Low byte — ---- -xxx ---- -uuu Top of Stack High byte x = unknown, u = unchanged, q =depends on condition, - = unimplemented, read as ‘0’, r = reserved. Shaded locations unimplemented, read as ‘0’. Only on PIC16F18325/18345. Register accessible from both User and ICD Debugger. — ---x xxxx ---1 1111 xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx -xxx xxxx -xxx xxxx PIC16(L)F18325/18345 DS40001795B-page 52 TABLE 3-4: 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 3.3 3.3.2 PCL and PCLATH The Program Counter (PC) is 15-bits wide. The low byte comes from the PCL register, which is a readable and writable register. The high byte (PC<14:8>) is not directly readable or writable and comes from PCLATH. On any Reset, the PC is cleared. Figure 3-3 shows the five situations for the loading of the PC. FIGURE 3-3: 14 LOADING OF PC IN DIFFERENT SITUATIONS PCH PCL 0 PC 6 7 8 0 PCLATH Instruction with PCL as Destination ALU Result 14 PCH PCL GOTO, CALL 6 4 0 PCLATH OPCODE <10:0> 14 PCH PCL 0 6 7 0 CALLW W 14 PCH PCL BRW 15 PC + W 14 PCH PCL PC If using BRW, load the W register with the desired unsigned address and execute BRW. The entire PC will be loaded with the address PC + 1 + W. 0 BRA 15 PC + OPCODE <8:0> 3.3.1 BRANCHING The branching instructions add an offset to the PC. This allows relocatable code and code that crosses page boundaries. There are two forms of branching, BRW and BRA. The PC will have incremented to fetch the next instruction in both cases. When using either branching instruction, a PCL memory boundary may be crossed. 0 PC COMPUTED FUNCTION CALLS A computed function CALL allows programs to maintain tables of functions and provide another way to execute state machines or look-up tables. When performing a table read using a computed function CALL, care should be exercised if the table location crosses a PCL memory boundary (each 256-byte block). 3.3.4 8 PCLATH 3.3.3 The CALLW instruction enables computed calls by combining PCLATH and W to form the destination address. A computed CALLW is accomplished by loading the W register with the desired address and executing CALLW. The PCL register is loaded with the value of W and PCH is loaded with PCLATH. 11 PC A computed GOTO is accomplished by adding an offset to the program counter (ADDWF PCL). When performing a table read using a computed GOTO method, care should be exercised if the table location crosses a PCL memory boundary (each 256-byte block). Refer to Application Note AN556, “Implementing a Table Read” (DS00556). If using the CALL instruction, the PCH<2:0> and PCL registers are loaded with the operand of the CALL instruction. PCH<6:3> is loaded with PCLATH<6:3>. 0 PC COMPUTED GOTO If using BRA, the entire PC will be loaded with PC + 1 + the signed value of the operand of the BRA instruction. MODIFYING PCL Executing any instruction with the PCL register as the destination simultaneously causes the Program Counter PC<14:8> bits (PCH) to be replaced by the contents of the PCLATH register. This allows the entire contents of the program counter to be changed by writing the desired upper seven bits to the PCLATH register. When the lower eight bits are written to the PCL register, all 15 bits of the program counter will change to the values contained in the PCLATH register and those being written to the PCL register. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 53 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 3.4 3.4.1 Stack The stack is available through the TOSH, TOSL and STKPTR registers. STKPTR is the current value of the Stack Pointer. TOSH:TOSL register pair points to the TOP of the stack. Both registers are read/writable. TOS is split into TOSH and TOSL due to the 15-bit size of the PC. To access the stack, adjust the value of STKPTR, which will position TOSH:TOSL, then read/write to TOSH:TOSL. STKPTR is five bits to allow detection of overflow and underflow. All devices have a 16-level x 15-bit wide hardware stack (refer to Figure 3-4 through Figure 3-7). The stack space is not part of either program or data space. The PC is PUSHed onto the stack when CALL or CALLW instructions are executed or an interrupt causes a branch. The stack is POPed in the event of a RETURN, RETLW or a RETFIE instruction execution. PCLATH is not affected by a PUSH or POP operation. The stack operates as a circular buffer if the STVREN bit is programmed to ‘0‘ (Configuration Words). This means that after the stack has been PUSHed sixteen times, the seventeenth PUSH overwrites the value that was stored from the first PUSH. The eighteenth PUSH overwrites the second PUSH (and so on). The STKOVF and STKUNF flag bits will be set on an Overflow/Underflow, regardless of whether the Reset is enabled. Note: Care should be taken when modifying the STKPTR while interrupts are enabled. During normal program operation, CALL, CALLW and Interrupts will increment STKPTR while RETLW, RETURN, and RETFIE will decrement STKPTR. At any time, STKPTR can be inspected to see how much stack is left. The STKPTR always points at the currently used place on the stack. Therefore, a CALL or CALLW will increment the STKPTR and then write the PC, and a return will unload the PC and then decrement the STKPTR. Note 1: There are no instructions/mnemonics called PUSH or POP. These are actions that occur from the execution of the CALL, CALLW, RETURN, RETLW and RETFIE instructions or the vectoring to an interrupt address. FIGURE 3-4: ACCESSING THE STACK Reference Figure 3-4 through Figure 3-7 for examples of accessing the stack. ACCESSING THE STACK EXAMPLE 1 TOSH:TOSL 0x0F STKPTR = 0x1F Stack Reset Disabled (STVREN = 0) 0x0E 0x0D 0x0C 0x0B 0x0A Initial Stack Configuration: 0x09 After Reset, the stack is empty. The empty stack is initialized so the Stack Pointer is pointing at 0x1F. If the Stack Overflow/Underflow Reset is enabled, the TOSH/TOSL registers will return ‘0’. If the Stack Overflow/Underflow Reset is disabled, the TOSH/TOSL registers will return the contents of stack address 0x0F. 0x08 0x07 0x06 0x05 0x04 0x03 0x02 0x01 0x00 TOSH:TOSL DS40001795B-page 54 0x1F 0x0000 Preliminary STKPTR = 0x1F Stack Reset Enabled (STVREN = 1) 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 FIGURE 3-5: ACCESSING THE STACK EXAMPLE 2 0x0F 0x0E 0x0D 0x0C 0x0B 0x0A 0x09 This figure shows the stack configuration after the first CALL or a single interrupt. If a RETURN instruction is executed, the return address will be placed in the Program Counter and the Stack Pointer decremented to the empty state (0x1F). 0x08 0x07 0x06 0x05 0x04 0x03 0x02 0x01 TOSH:TOSL FIGURE 3-6: 0x00 Return Address STKPTR = 0x00 ACCESSING THE STACK EXAMPLE 3 0x0F 0x0E 0x0D 0x0C After seven CALLs or six CALLs and an interrupt, the stack looks like the figure on the left. A series of RETURN instructions will repeatedly place the return addresses into the Program Counter and pop the stack. 0x0B 0x0A 0x09 0x08 0x07 TOSH:TOSL 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. 0x06 Return Address 0x05 Return Address 0x04 Return Address 0x03 Return Address 0x02 Return Address 0x01 Return Address 0x00 Return Address Preliminary STKPTR = 0x06 DS40001795B-page 55 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 FIGURE 3-7: ACCESSING THE STACK EXAMPLE 4 TOSH:TOSL 3.4.2 0x0F Return Address 0x0E Return Address 0x0D Return Address 0x0C Return Address 0x0B Return Address 0x0A Return Address 0x09 Return Address 0x08 Return Address 0x07 Return Address 0x06 Return Address 0x05 Return Address 0x04 Return Address 0x03 Return Address 0x02 Return Address 0x01 Return Address 0x00 Return Address When the stack is full, the next CALL or an interrupt will set the Stack Pointer to 0x10. This is identical to address 0x00 so the stack will wrap and overwrite the return address at 0x00. If the Stack Overflow/Underflow Reset is enabled, a Reset will occur and location 0x00 will not be overwritten. STKPTR = 0x10 OVERFLOW/UNDERFLOW RESET If the STVREN bit in Configuration Words is programmed to ‘1’, the device will be Reset if the stack is PUSHed beyond the sixteenth level or POPed beyond the first level, setting the appropriate bits (STKOVF or STKUNF, respectively) in the PCON register. DS40001795B-page 56 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 3.5 3.5.1 Indirect Addressing TRADITIONAL DATA MEMORY The traditional data memory is a region from FSR address 0x000 to FSR address 0xFFF. The addresses correspond to the absolute addresses of all SFR, GPR and common registers. The INDFn registers are not physical registers. Any instruction that accesses an INDFn register actually accesses the register at the address specified by the File Select Registers (FSR). If the FSRn address specifies one of the two INDFn registers, the read will return ‘0’ and the write will not occur (though Status bits may be affected). The FSRn register value is created by the pair FSRnH and FSRnL. The FSR registers form a 16-bit address that allows an addressing space with 65536 locations. These locations are divided into four memory regions: • • • • Traditional Data Memory Linear Data Memory Program Flash Memory EEPROM FIGURE 3-8: TRADITIONAL DATA MEMORY MAP Direct Addressing 4 BSR 0 6 Indirect Addressing From Opcode 0 7 0 Bank Select Location Select FSRxH 0 0 0 7 FSRxL 0 0 Bank Select 00000 00001 00010 11111 Bank 0 Bank 1 Bank 2 Bank 31 Location Select 0x00 0x7F 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 57 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 3.5.2 3.5.3 LINEAR DATA MEMORY The linear data memory is the region from FSR address 0x2000 to FSR address 0x29AF. This region is a virtual region that points back to the 80-byte blocks of GPR memory in all the banks. Unimplemented memory reads as 0x00. Use of the linear data memory region allows buffers to be larger than 80 bytes because incrementing the FSR beyond one bank will go directly to the GPR memory of the next bank. The 16 bytes of common memory are not included in the linear data memory region. FIGURE 3-9: 7 FSRnH 0 0 1 LINEAR DATA MEMORY MAP 0 7 FSRnL To make constant data access easier, the entire program Flash memory is mapped to the upper half of the FSR address space. When the MSB of FSRnH is set, the lower 15 bits are the address in program memory which will be accessed through INDF. Only the lower eight bits of each memory location is accessible via INDF. Writing to the program Flash memory cannot be accomplished via the FSR/INDF interface. All instructions that access program Flash memory via the FSR/INDF interface will require one additional instruction cycle to complete. FIGURE 3-10: 7 1 0 PROGRAM FLASH MEMORY FSRnH PROGRAM FLASH MEMORY MAP 0 Location Select Location Select 0x2000 7 FSRnL 0x8000 0 0x0000 0x020 Bank 0 0x06F 0x0A0 Bank 1 0x0EF 0x120 Program Flash Memory (low 8 bits) Bank 2 0x16F 0xF20 Bank 30 0x29AF DS40001795B-page 58 0xF6F Preliminary 0xFFFF 0x7FFF 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 4.0 DEVICE CONFIGURATION Device configuration consists of Configuration Words, Code Protection and Device ID. 4.1 Configuration Words There are several Configuration Word bits that allow different oscillator and memory protection options. These are implemented as Configuration Word 1 at 8007h, Configuration Word 2 at 8008h, Configuration Word 3 at 8009h, and Configuration Word 4 at 800Ah. Note: The DEBUG bit in Configuration Words is managed automatically by device development tools including debuggers and programmers. For normal device operation, this bit should be maintained as a ‘1’. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 59 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 4.2 Register Definitions: Configuration Words REGISTER 4-1: CONFIGURATION WORD 1: OSCILLATORS R/P-1 U-1 R/P-1 U-1 U-1 R/P-1 FCMEN — CSWEN — — CLKOUTEN bit 13 bit 8 U-1 R/P-1 R/P-1 R/P-1 U-1 R/P-1 R/P-1 R/P-1 — RSTOSC2 RSTOSC1 RSTOSC0 — FEXTOSC2 FEXTOSC1 FEXTOSC0 bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit P = Programmable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘1’ ‘0’ = Bit is cleared ‘1’ = Bit is set n = Value when blank or after Bulk Erase bit 13 FCMEN: Fail-Safe Clock Monitor Enable bit 1 = ON FSCM timer enabled 0 = OFF FSCM timer disabled bit 12 Unimplemented: Read as ‘1’ bit 11 CSWEN: Clock Switch Enable bit 1 = ON Writing to NOSC and NDIV is allowed 0 = OFF The NOSC and NDIV bits cannot be changed by user software bit 10-9 Unimplemented: Read as ‘1’ bit 8 CLKOUTEN: Clock Out Enable bit If FEXTOSC = EC, HS, HT or LP, then this bit is ignored; otherwise: 1 = OFF CLKOUT function is disabled; I/O or oscillator function on OSC2 0 = ON CLKOUT function is enabled; FOSC/4 clock appears at OSC2 bit 7 Unimplemented: Read as ‘1’ bit 6-4 RSTOSC<2:0>: Power-up Default Value for COSC bits This value is the Reset default value for COSC, and selects the oscillator first used by user software 111 = EXT1X EXTOSC operating per FEXTOSC<2:0> bits 110 = HFINT1 HFINTOSC (1 MHz) 101 = Reserved 100 = LFINT LFINTOSC 011 = SOSC SOSC (32.768 kHz) 010 = Reserved 001 = EXT4X EXTOSC with 4x PLL; EXTOSC operating per FEXTOSC<2:0> bits 000 = HFINT32 HFINTOSC (32 MHz) bit 3 Unimplemented: Read as ‘1’ bit 2-0 FEXTOSC<2:0>: FEXTOSC External Oscillator Mode Selection bits 111 = ECH EC(External Clock) above 8 MHz 110 = ECM EC(External Clock) for 100 kHz to 8 MHz 101 = ECL EC(External Clock) below 100 kHz 100 = OFF Oscillator not enabled 011 = Unimplemented 010 = HS HS(Crystal oscillator) above 8 MHz 001 = XT HT(Crystal oscillator) above 100 kHz, below 8 MHz 000 = LP LP(Crystal oscillator) optimized for 32.768 kHz DS40001795B-page 60 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 4-2: CONFIGURATION WORD 2: SUPERVISORS R/P-1 R/P-1 R/P-1 U-1 R/P-1 U-1 DEBUG STVREN PPS1WAY — BORV — bit 13 bit 8 R/P-1 R/P-1 R/P-1 U-1 R/P-1 R/P-1 R/P-1 R/P-1 BOREN1 BOREN0 LPBOREN — WDTE1 WDTE0 PWRTE MCLRE bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit P = Programmable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘1’ ‘0’ = Bit is cleared ‘1’ = Bit is set n = Value when blank or after Bulk Erase bit 13 DEBUG: Debugger Enable bit(1) 1 = OFF Background debugger disabled; ICSPCLK and ICSPDAT are general purpose I/O pins 0 = ON Background debugger enabled; ICSPCLK and ICSPDAT are dedicated to the debugger bit 12 STVREN: Stack Overflow/Underflow Reset Enable bit 1 = ON Stack Overflow or Underflow will cause a Reset 0 = OFF Stack Overflow or Underflow will not cause a Reset bit 11 PPS1WAY: PPSLOCK One-Way Set Enable bit 1 = ON The PPSLOCK bit can be cleared and set only once; PPS registers remain locked after one clear/set cycle 0 = OFF The PPSLOCK bit can be set and cleared repeatedly (subject to the unlock sequence) bit 10 Unimplemented: Read as ‘1’ bit 9 BORV: Brown-out Reset Voltage Selection bit(2) 1 = LOW Brown-out Reset voltage (VBOR) set to 1.9V on LF, and 2.45V on F devices 0 = HIGH Brown-out Reset voltage (VBOR) set to 2.7V The higher voltage setting is recommended for operation at or above 16 MHz. bit 8 Unimplemented: Read as ‘1’ bit 7-6 BOREN<1:0>: Brown-out Reset Enable bits When enabled, Brown-out Reset Voltage (VBOR) is set by the BORV bit 11 = ON Brown-out Reset is enabled; SBOREN bit is ignored 10 = SLEEP Brown-out Reset is enabled while running, disabled in Sleep; SBOREN bit is ignored 01 = SBOREN Brown-out Reset is enabled according to SBOREN 00 = OFF Brown-out Reset is disabled bit 5 LPBOREN: Low-Power BOR Enable bit 1 = OFF ULPBOR is disabled 0 = ON ULPBOR is enabled bit 4 Unimplemented: Read as ‘1’ bit 3-2 WDTE<1:0>: Watchdog Timer Enable bit 11 = ON WDT is enabled; SWDTEN is ignored 10 = SLEEP WDT is enabled while running and disabled in Sleep/Idle; SWDTEN is ignored 01 = SWDTEN WDT is controlled by the SWDTEN bit in the WDTCON register 00 = OFF WDT is disabled; SWDTEN is ignored bit 1 PWRTE: Power-up Timer Enable bit 1 = OFF PWRT is disabled 0 = ON PWRT is enabled bit 0 MCLRE: Master Clear (MCLR) Enable bit If LVP = 1: RA3 pin function is MCLR. If LVP = 0: 1 = ON MCLR pin is MCLR. 0 = OFF MCLR pin function is port-defined function. Note 1: 2: The DEBUG bit in Configuration Words is managed automatically by device development tools including debuggers and programmers. For normal device operation, this bit should be maintained as a ‘1’. See VBOR parameter for specific trip point voltages. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 61 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 4-3: CONFIGURATION WORD 3: MEMORY R/P-1 U-1 U-1 U-1 U-1 U-1 LVP(1) — — — — — bit 13 bit 8 U-1 U-1 U-1 U-1 U-1 U-1 R/P-1 R/P-1 — — — — — — WRT1 WRT0 bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit P = Programmable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘1’ ‘0’ = Bit is cleared ‘1’ = Bit is set n = Value when blank or after Bulk Erase bit 13 LVP: Low-Voltage Programming Enable bit(1) 1 = ON Low-Voltage Programming is enabled. MCLR/VPP pin function is MCLR. MCLRE Configuration bit is ignored. 0 = OFF HV on MCLR/VPP must be used for programming. bit 12-2 Unimplemented: Read as ‘1’ bit 1-0 WRT<1:0>: User NVM Self-Write Protection bits 11 = OFF Write protection off 10 = BOOT 0000h to 01FFh write-protected, 0200h to 1FFFh may be modified 01 = HALF 0000h to 0FFFh write-protected, 1000h to 1FFFh may be modified 00 = ALL 0000h to 1FFFh write-protected, no addresses may be modified WRT applies only to the self-write feature of the device; writing through ICSP™ is never protected. Note 1: The LVP bit cannot be programmed to ‘0’ when Programming mode is entered via LVP. DS40001795B-page 62 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 4-4: CONFIGURATION WORD 4: CODE PROTECTION U-1 U-1 U-1 U-1 U-1 U-1 — — — — — — bit 13 bit 8 U-1 U-1 U-1 U-1 U-1 U-1 R/P-1 R/P-1 — — — — — — CPD CP bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit P = Programmable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘1’ ‘0’ = Bit is cleared ‘1’ = Bit is set n = Value when blank or after Bulk Erase bit 13-2 Unimplemented: Read as ‘1’ bit 1 CPD: Data EEPROM Memory Code Protection bit 1 = OFF Data EEPROM code protection disabled 0 = ON Data EEPROM code protection enabled bit 0 CP: Program Memory Code Protection bit 1 = OFF Program Memory code protection disabled 0 = ON Program Memory code protection enabled 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 63 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 4.3 Code Protection Code protection allows the device to be protected from unauthorized access. Program memory protection and data memory are controlled independently. Internal access to the program memory is unaffected by any code protection setting. 4.3.1 Development tools, such as device programmers and debuggers, may be used to read the Device ID and Revision ID. PROGRAM MEMORY PROTECTION The entire program memory space is protected from external reads and writes by the CP bit in Configuration Words. When CP = 0, external reads and writes of program memory are inhibited and a read will return all ‘0’s. The CPU can continue to read program memory, regardless of the protection bit settings. Self-write writing the program memory is dependent upon the write protection setting. See Section 4.4 “Write Protection” for more information. 4.3.2 DATA MEMORY PROTECTION The entire data EEPROM is protected from external reads and writes by the CPD bit in the Configuration Words. When CPD = 0, external reads and writes of EEPROM memory are inhibited and a read will return all ‘0’s. The CPU can continue to read and write EEPROM memory, regardless of the protection bit settings. 4.4 Write Protection Write protection allows the device to be protected from unintended self-writes. Applications, such as boot loader software, can be protected while allowing other regions of the program memory to be modified. The WRT<1:0> bits in Configuration Words define the size of the program memory block that is protected. 4.5 User ID Four memory locations (8000h-8003h) are designated as ID locations where the user can store checksum or other code identification numbers. These locations are readable and writable during normal execution. See Section 10.4.7 “NVMREG EEPROM, User ID, Device ID and Configuration Word Access” for more information on accessing these memory locations. For more information on checksum calculation, see the “PIC16(L)F183XX Memory Programming Specification” (DS40001738). 4.6 Device ID and Revision ID The 14-bit device ID word is located at 8006h and the 14-bit revision ID is located at 8005h. These locations are read-only and cannot be erased or modified. See Section 10.4 “NVMREG Access” for more information on accessing these memory locations. DS40001795B-page 64 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 4.7 Register Definitions: Device and Revision REGISTER 4-5: DEVID: DEVICE ID REGISTER R R R R R R DEV<13:8> bit 13 R R bit 8 R R R R R R DEV<7:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit ‘1’ = Bit is set bit 13-0 ‘0’ = Bit is cleared DEV<13:0>: Device ID bits Device DEVID<13:0> Values PIC16F18325 11 0000 0011 1110 (303Eh) PIC16LF18325 11 0000 0100 0000 (3040h) PIC16F18345 11 0000 0011 1111 (303Fh) PIC16LF18345 11 0000 0100 0001 (3041h) REGISTER 4-6: REVID: REVISION ID REGISTER R-1 R-0 R R R R REV<13:8> bit 13 R R bit 8 R R R R R R REV<7:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit ‘1’ = Bit is set bit 13-0 Note: ‘0’ = Bit is cleared REV<13:0>: Revision ID bits The upper two bits of the Revision ID Register will always read ‘10’. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 65 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 5.0 RESETS There are multiple ways to reset this device: • • • • • • • • • Power-On Reset (POR) Brown-Out Reset (BOR) Low-Power Brown-Out Reset (LPBOR) MCLR Reset WDT Reset RESET instruction Stack Overflow Stack Underflow Programming mode exit To allow VDD to stabilize, an optional Power-up Timer can be enabled to extend the Reset time after a BOR or POR event. A simplified block diagram of the on-chip Reset circuit is shown in Figure 5-1. FIGURE 5-1: SIMPLIFIED BLOCK DIAGRAM OF ON-CHIP RESET CIRCUIT Rev. 10-000006A 8/14/2013 ICSP™ Programming Mode Exit RESET Instruction Stack Underflow Stack Overlfow MCLRE VPP/MCLR Sleep WDT Time-out Device Reset Power-on Reset VDD BOR Active(1) Brown-out Reset R LFINTOSC LPBOR Reset Note 1: Power-up Timer PWRTE See Table 5-1 for BOR active conditions. DS40001795B-page 66 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 5.1 Power-on Reset (POR) The POR circuit holds the device in Reset until VDD has reached an acceptable level for minimum operation. Slow rising VDD, fast operating speeds or analog performance may require greater than minimum VDD. The PWRT, BOR or MCLR features can be used to extend the start-up period until all device operation conditions have been met. 5.2 Brown-out Reset (BOR) The BOR circuit holds the device in Reset while VDD is below a selectable minimum level. Between the POR and BOR, complete voltage range coverage for execution protection can be implemented. The Brown-out Reset module has four operating modes controlled by the BOREN<1:0> bits in Configuration Words. The four operating modes are: • • • • BOR is always on BOR is off when in Sleep BOR is controlled by software BOR is always off Refer to Table 5-1 for more information. The Brown-out Reset voltage level is selectable by configuring the BORV bit in Configuration Words. A VDD noise rejection filter prevents the BOR from triggering on small events. If VDD falls below VBOR for a duration greater than parameter TBORDC, the device will reset. See Figure 5-2 for more information. TABLE 5-1: BOR OPERATING MODES BOREN<1:0> SBOREN Device Mode BOR Mode 11 X X Active 10 X 01 00 Awake Active Sleep Disabled 1 X Active 0 X Disabled X X Disabled Instruction Execution upon: Release of POR or Wake-up from Sleep Waits for release of BOR(1) (BORRDY = 1) Waits for release of BOR (BORRDY = 1) BOR ignored when asleep Waits for release of BOR(1) (BORRDY = 1) Begins immediately (BORRDY = x) Note 1: In these specific cases, “Release of POR” and “Wake-up from Sleep”, there is no delay in start-up. The BOR ready flag, (BORRDY = 1), will be set before the CPU is ready to execute instructions because the BOR circuit is forced on by the BOREN<1:0> bits. 5.2.1 BOR IS ALWAYS ON 5.2.2 BOR IS OFF IN SLEEP When the BOREN bits of Configuration Words are programmed to ‘11’, the BOR is always on. The device start-up will be delayed until the BOR is ready and VDD is higher than the BOR threshold. When the BOREN bits of Configuration Words are programmed to ‘10’, the BOR is on, except in Sleep. The device start-up will be delayed until the BOR is ready and VDD is higher than the BOR threshold. BOR protection is active during Sleep. The BOR does not delay wake-up from Sleep. BOR protection is not active during Sleep, but device wake-up will be delayed until the BOR can determine that VDD is higher than the BOR threshold. The device wake-up will be delayed until the BOR is ready. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 67 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 5.2.3 BOR CONTROLLED BY SOFTWARE When the BOREN bits of Configuration Words are programmed to ‘01’, the BOR is controlled by the SBOREN bit of the BORCON register. The device wake from Sleep is not delayed by the BOR Ready condition or the VDD level. BOR protection begins as soon as the BOR circuit is ready. The status of the BOR circuit is reflected in the BORRDY bit of the BORCON register. BOR protection is unchanged by Sleep. FIGURE 5-2: BROWN-OUT SITUATIONS VDD VBOR Internal Reset TPWRT(1) VDD VBOR Internal Reset < TPWRT TPWRT(1) VDD VBOR Internal Reset Note 1: 5.2.4 TPWRT(1) TPWRT delay only if PWRTE bit is programmed to ‘0’. BOR ALWAYS OFF When the BOREN bits of Configuration Word 2 are programmed to ‘00’, the BOR is always disable. In the configuration, setting the SWBOREN bit will have no affect on BOR operation. DS40001795B-page 68 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 5.3 Low-Power Brown-out Reset (LPBOR) 5.5 The Low-Power Brown-Out Reset (LPBOR) is an essential part of the Reset subsystem. Refer to Figure 5-1 to see how the BOR interacts with other modules. The LPBOR is used to monitor the external VDD pin. When too low of a voltage is detected, the device is held in Reset. When this occurs, a register bit (BOR) is changed to indicate that a BOR Reset has occurred. The same bit is set for both the BOR and the LPBOR. Refer to Register 5-2. 5.3.1 ENABLING LPBOR The LPBOR is controlled by the LPBOR bit of Configuration Words. When the device is erased, the LPBOR module defaults to disabled. 5.3.1.1 LPBOR Module Output The output of the LPBOR module is a signal indicating whether or not a Reset is to be asserted. This signal is OR’d together with the Reset signal of the BOR module to provide the generic BOR signal, which goes to the PCON register and to the power control block. 5.4 The MCLR is an optional external input that can reset the device. The MCLR function is controlled by the MCLRE bit of Configuration Words and the LVP bit of Configuration Words (Table 5-2). 5.6 RESET Instruction A RESET instruction will cause a device Reset. The RI bit in the PCON register will be set to ‘0’. See Table 5-4 for default conditions after a RESET instruction has occurred. 5.7 Stack Overflow/Underflow Reset The device can reset when the Stack Overflows or Underflows. The STKOVF or STKUNF bits of the PCON register indicate the Reset condition. These Resets are enabled by setting the STVREN bit in Configuration Words. See Section 3.4.2 “Overflow/Underflow Reset” for more information. 5.8 Programming Mode Exit LVP MCLR 0 0 Disabled 1 0 Enabled x 1 Enabled 5.9 Power-up Timer The Power-up Timer provides a nominal 64 ms time-out on POR or Brown-out Reset. The device is held in Reset as long as PWRT is active. The PWRT delay allows additional time for the VDD to rise to an acceptable level. The Power-up Timer is enabled by clearing the PWRTE bit in Configuration Words. MCLR CONFIGURATION MCLRE 5.4.1 The Watchdog Timer generates a Reset if the firmware does not issue a CLRWDT instruction within the time-out period. The TO and PD bits in the STATUS register as well as the RWDT bit in the PCON register, are changed to indicate the WDT Reset. See Section 9.0 “Watchdog Timer (WDT)” for more information. Upon exit of Programming mode, the device will behave as if a device Reset had just occurred. MCLR TABLE 5-2: Watchdog Timer (WDT) Reset The Power-up Timer starts after the release of the POR and BOR. For additional information, refer to Application Note AN607, “Power-up Trouble Shooting” (DS00607). MCLR ENABLED When MCLR is enabled and the pin is held low, the device is held in Reset. The MCLR pin is connected to VDD through an internal weak pull-up. The device has a noise filter in the MCLR Reset path. The filter will detect and ignore small pulses. Note: 5.4.2 A Reset does not drive the MCLR pin low. MCLR DISABLED When MCLR is disabled, the pin functions as a general purpose input and the internal weak pull-up is under software control. See Section 11.2 “PORTA Registers” for more information. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 69 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 5.10 Start-up Sequence Upon the release of a POR or BOR, the following must occur before the device will begin executing: 1. 2. 3. Power-up Timer runs to completion (if enabled). MCLR must be released (if enabled). Oscillator start-up timer runs to completion (if required for oscillator source). The Power-up Timer and oscillator start-up timer run independently of MCLR Reset. If MCLR is kept low long enough, the Power-up Timer will expire. Upon bringing MCLR high, the device will begin execution after 10 FOSC cycles (see Figure 5-3). This is useful for testing purposes or to synchronize more than one device operating in parallel. The total time-out will vary based on oscillator configuration and Power-up Timer Configuration. See Section 6.0 “Oscillator Module (with Fail-Safe Clock Monitor)” for more information. FIGURE 5-3: RESET START-UP SEQUENCE VDD Internal POR TPWRT Power-up Timer MCLR TMCLR Internal RESET Oscillator Modes External Crystal TOST Oscillator Start-up Timer Oscillator FOSC Internal Oscillator Oscillator FOSC External Clock (EC) CLKIN FOSC DS40001795B-page 70 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 5.11 Determining the Cause of a Reset Upon any Reset, multiple bits in the STATUS and PCON register are updated to indicate the cause of the Reset. Table 5-3 and Table 5-4 show the Reset conditions of these registers. TABLE 5-3: RESET STATUS BITS AND THEIR SIGNIFICANCE STKOVF STKUNF RWDT RMCLR RI POR BOR TO PD Condition 0 0 1 1 1 0 x 1 1 Power-on Reset 0 0 1 1 1 0 x 0 x Illegal, TO is set on POR 0 0 1 1 1 0 x x 0 Illegal, PD is set on POR 0 0 u 1 1 u 0 1 1 Brown-out Reset u u 0 u u u u 0 u WDT Reset u u u u u u u 0 0 WDT Wake-up from Sleep u u u u u u u 1 0 Interrupt Wake-up from Sleep u u u 0 u u u u u MCLR Reset during Normal Operation u u u 0 u u u 1 0 MCLR Reset during Sleep u u u u 0 u u u u RESET Instruction Executed 1 u u u u u u u u Stack Overflow Reset (STVREN = 1) u 1 u u u u u u u Stack Underflow Reset (STVREN = 1) TABLE 5-4: RESET CONDITION FOR SPECIAL REGISTERS Program Counter STATUS Register PCON0 Register Power-on Reset 0000h ---1 1000 00-- 110x MCLR Reset during Normal Operation 0000h ---u uuuu uu-- 0uuu MCLR Reset during Sleep 0000h ---1 0uuu uu-- 0uuu WDT Reset 0000h ---0 uuuu uu-0 uuuu WDT Wake-up from Sleep PC + 1 ---0 0uuu uu-u uuuu Condition Brown-out Reset 0000h ---1 1000 00-1 11u0 PC + 1(1) ---1 0uuu uu-u uuuu RESET Instruction Executed 0000h ---u uuuu uu-u u0uu Stack Overflow Reset (STVREN = 1) 0000h ---u uuuu 1u-u uuuu Stack Underflow Reset (STVREN = 1) 0000h ---u uuuu u1-u uuuu Interrupt Wake-up from Sleep Legend: u = unchanged, x = unknown, - = unimplemented bit, reads as ‘0’. Note 1: When the wake-up is due to an interrupt and Global Enable bit (GIE) is set, the return address is pushed on the stack and PC is loaded with the interrupt vector (0004h) after execution of PC + 1. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 71 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 5-1: BORCON: BROWN-OUT RESET CONTROL REGISTER R/W-1/u R/W-0-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 R-q/u SBOREN(1) Reserved — — — — — BORRDY bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared q = Value depends on condition bit 7 SBOREN: Software Brown-out Reset Enable bit(1) If BOREN <1:0> in Configuration Words 01: SBOREN is read/write, but has no effect on the BOR. If BOREN <1:0> in Configuration Words = 01: 1 = BOR Enabled 0 = BOR Disabled bit 6 Reserved bit 5-1 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’’. bit 0 BORRDY: Brown-out Reset Circuit Ready Status bit 1 = The Brown-out Reset circuit is active 0 = The Brown-out Reset circuit is inactive Note 1: 5.12 BOREN<1:0> bits are located in Configuration Words. Power Control (PCON) Register The Power Control (PCON) register contains flag bits to differentiate between a: • • • • • • • Power-on Reset (POR) Brown-out Reset (BOR) Reset Instruction Reset (RI) MCLR Reset (RMCLR) Watchdog Timer Reset (RWDT) Stack Underflow Reset (STKUNF) Stack Overflow Reset (STKOVF) The PCON0 register bits are shown in Register 5-2. Hardware will change the corresponding register bit during the Reset process; if the Reset was not caused by the condition, the bit remains unchanged (Table 5-4). Software should reset the bit to the inactive state after the restart (hardware will not reset the bit). Software may also set any PCON bit to the active state, so that user code may be tested, but no Reset action will be generated. DS40001795B-page 72 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 5.13 Register Definitions: Power Control REGISTER 5-2: PCON0: POWER CONTROL REGISTER 0 R/W/HS-0/q R/W/HS-0/q U-0 STKOVF STKUNF — R/W/HC-1/q R/W/HC-1/q RWDT R/W/HC-1/q R/W/HC-q/u R/W/HC-q/u RI POR BOR RMCLR bit 7 bit 0 Legend: HC = Bit is cleared by hardware HS = Bit is set by hardware R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -m/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared q = Value depends on condition bit 7 STKOVF: Stack Overflow Flag bit 1 = A Stack Overflow occurred 0 = A Stack Overflow has not occurred or cleared by firmware bit 6 STKUNF: Stack Underflow Flag bit 1 = A Stack Underflow occurred 0 = A Stack Underflow has not occurred or cleared by firmware bit 5 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 4 RWDT: Watchdog Timer Reset Flag bit 1 = A Watchdog Timer Reset has not occurred or set to ‘1’ by firmware 0 = A Watchdog Timer Reset has occurred (cleared by hardware) bit 3 RMCLR: MCLR Reset Flag bit 1 = A MCLR Reset has not occurred or set to ‘1’ by firmware 0 = A MCLR Reset has occurred (cleared by hardware) bit 2 RI: RESET Instruction Flag bit 1 = A RESET instruction has not been executed or set to ‘1’ by firmware 0 = A RESET instruction has been executed (cleared by hardware) bit 1 POR: Power-on Reset Status bit 1 = No Power-on Reset occurred 0 = A Power-on Reset occurred (must be set in software after a Power-on Reset occurs) bit 0 BOR: Brown-out Reset Status bit 1 = No Brown-out Reset occurred 0 = A Brown-out Reset occurred (must be set in software after a Power-on Reset or Brown-out Reset occurs) TABLE 5-5: Name SUMMARY OF REGISTERS ASSOCIATED WITH RESETS Bit 7 BORCON SBOREN Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Register on Page — — — — — — BORRDY 72 PCON0 STKOVF STKUNF — RWDT RMCLR RI POR BOR 73 STATUS — — — TO PD Z DC C 27 WDTCON — — SWDTEN 118 WDTPS<4:0> Legend: — = unimplemented location, read as ‘0’. Shaded cells are not used by Resets. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 73 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 6.0 OSCILLATOR MODULE (WITH FAIL-SAFE CLOCK MONITOR) 6.1 Overview The oscillator module has a wide variety of clock sources and selection features that allow it to be used in a wide range of applications while maximizing performance and minimizing power consumption. Figure 6-1 illustrates a block diagram of the oscillator module. The ECH, ECM, and ECL Clock modes rely on an external logic level signal as the device clock source. The LP, XT, and HS Clock modes require an external crystal or resonator to be connected to the device. Each mode is optimized for a different frequency range. The INTOSC internal oscillator block produces low and high-frequency clock sources, designated LFINTOSC and HFINTOSC. (see Internal Oscillator Block, Figure 6-1). Clock sources can be supplied from external oscillators, quartz-crystal resonators and ceramic resonators. In addition, the system clock source can be supplied from one of two internal oscillators and PLL circuits, with a choice of speeds selectable via software. Additional clock features include: • Selectable system clock source between external or internal sources via software. • Fail-Safe Clock Monitor (FSCM) designed to detect a failure of the external clock source (LP, XT, HS, ECH, ECM, ECL) and switch automatically to the internal oscillator. • Oscillator Start-up Timer (OST) ensures stability of crystal oscillator sources. The RSTOSC bits of Configuration Word 1 determine the type of oscillator that will be used when the device is reset, including when it is first powered-up. The internal clock modes, LFINTOSC, HFINTOSC (set at 1 MHz), or HFINTOSC (set at 32 MHz) can be set through the RSTOSC bits. If an external clock source is selected, the FEXTOSC bits of Configuration Word 1 must be used in conjunction with the RSTOSC bits to select the External Clock mode. The external oscillator module can be configured in one of the following clock modes by setting the FEXTOSC<2:0> bits of Configuration Word 1: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. ECL – External Clock Low-Power mode (below 100 kHz) ECM – External Clock Medium-Power mode (100 kHz to 8 MHz) ECH – External Clock High-Power mode (above 8 MHz) LP – 32 kHz Low-Power Crystal mode. XT – Medium Gain Crystal or Ceramic Resonator Oscillator mode (between 100 kHz and 4 MHz) HS – High Gain Crystal or Ceramic Resonator mode (above 4 MHz) DS40001795B-page 74 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. SIMPLIFIED PIC® MCU CLOCK SOURCE BLOCK DIAGRAM FIGURE 6-1: Rev. 10-000208E 1/22/2015 CLKIN/ OSC1 External Oscillator (EXTOSC) CLKOUT/ OSC2 CDIV<4:0> 4x PLL COSC<2:0> Secondary Oscillator (SOSC) LFINTOSC 31kHz Oscillator 1001 111 256 1000 010 128 0111 64 0110 32 0101 16 0100 8 0011 4 0010 Sleep 2 0001 Idle 1 0000 001 011 100 110 000 101 HFINTOSC Sleep System Clock SYSCMD HFFRQ<2:0> 1 – 32 MHz Oscillator FSCM To Peripherals DS40001795B-page 75 SOSC_clk To Peripherals Peripheral Clock PIC16(L)F18325/18345 Preliminary SOSCO 512 9-bit Postscaler Divider SOSCIN/SOSCI PIC16(L)F18325/18345 6.2 6.2.1.1 Clock Source Types Clock sources can be classified as external or internal. External clock sources rely on external circuitry for the clock source to function. Examples are: oscillator modules (ECH, ECM, ECL mode), quartz crystal resonators or ceramic resonators (LP, XT and HS modes). There is also a secondary oscillator block which is optimized for a 32.768 kHz external clock source, which can be used as an alternate clock source. There are two internal oscillator blocks: - HFINTOSC - LFINTOSC The HFINTOSC can produce clock frequencies from 1-16 MHz. The LFINTOSC generates a 31 kHz clock frequency. There is a PLL that can be used by the external oscillator. See 6.2.1.4 “4x PLL” for more details. Additionally, there is a PLL that can be used by the HFINTOSC at certain frequencies. See Section 6.2.2.2 “2x PLL” for more details. 6.2.1 An external clock source can be used as the device system clock by performing one of the following actions: • Program the RSTOSC<2:0> bits in the Configuration Words to select an external clock source that will be used as the default system clock upon a device Reset. • Write the NOSC<2:0> and NDIV<3:0> bits in the OSCCON1 register to switch the system clock source. “Clock DS40001795B-page 76 Switching” for The External Clock (EC) mode allows an externally generated logic level signal to be the system clock source. When operating in this mode, an external clock source is connected to the CLKIN input. OSC2/CLKOUT is available for general purpose I/O or CLKOUT. Figure 6-2 shows the pin connections for EC mode. EC mode has three power modes to select from through Configuration Words: • ECH – High power, 8-32 MHz • ECM – Medium power, 0.1-8 MHz • ECL – Low power, 0-0.1 MHz The Oscillator Start-up Timer (OST) is disabled when EC mode is selected. Therefore, there is no delay in operation after a Power-on Reset (POR) or wake-up from Sleep. Because the PIC® MCU design is fully static, stopping the external clock input will have the effect of halting the device while leaving all data intact. Upon restarting the external clock, the device will resume operation as if no time had elapsed. FIGURE 6-2: EXTERNAL CLOCK SOURCES See Section 6.3 information. EC Mode Clock from Ext. System FOSC/4 or I/O(1) Note 1: EXTERNAL CLOCK (EC) MODE OPERATION OSC1/CLKIN PIC® MCU OSC2/CLKOUT Output depends upon CLKOUTEN bit of the Configuration Words. more Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 6.2.1.2 LP, XT, HS Modes The LP, XT and HS modes support the use of quartz crystal resonators or ceramic resonators connected to OSC1 and OSC2 (Figure 6-3). The three modes select a low, medium or high gain setting of the internal inverter-amplifier to support various resonator types and speed. Note 1: Quartz crystal characteristics vary according to type, package and manufacturer. The user should consult the manufacturer data sheets for specifications and recommended application. 2: Always verify oscillator performance over the VDD and temperature range that is expected for the application. LP Oscillator mode selects the lowest gain setting of the internal inverter-amplifier. LP mode current consumption is the least of the three modes. This mode is designed to drive only 32.768 kHz tuning-fork type crystals (watch crystals). 3: For oscillator design assistance, reference the following Microchip Application Notes: • AN826, “Crystal Oscillator Basics and Crystal Selection for rfPIC® and PIC® Devices” (DS00826) • AN849, “Basic PIC® Oscillator Design” (DS00849) • AN943, “Practical PIC® Oscillator Analysis and Design” (DS00943) • AN949, “Making Your Oscillator Work” (DS00949) XT Oscillator mode selects the intermediate gain setting of the internal inverter-amplifier. XT mode current consumption is the medium of the three modes. This mode is best suited to drive resonators with a medium drive level specification. HS Oscillator mode selects the highest gain setting of the internal inverter-amplifier. HS mode current consumption is the highest of the three modes. This mode is best suited for resonators that require a high drive setting. Figure 6-3 and Figure 6-4 show typical circuits for quartz crystal and ceramic resonators, respectively. FIGURE 6-3: FIGURE 6-4: CERAMIC RESONATOR OPERATION (XT OR HS MODE) QUARTZ CRYSTAL OPERATION (LP, XT OR HS MODE) PIC® MCU OSC1/CLKIN PIC® MCU C1 To Internal Logic OSC1/CLKIN C1 Quartz Crystal C2 RP(3) To Internal Logic RS(1) RF(2) Sleep C2 Ceramic RS(1) Resonator OSC2/CLKOUT Note 1: RF(2) Sleep OSC2/CLKOUT A series resistor (RS) may be required for ceramic resonators with low drive level. Note 1: A series resistor (RS) may be required for quartz crystals with low drive level. 2: The value of RF varies with the Oscillator mode selected (typically between 2 M to 10 M. 2: The value of RF varies with the Oscillator mode selected (typically between 2 M to 10 M. 3: An additional parallel feedback resistor (RP) may be required for proper ceramic resonator operation. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 77 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 6.2.1.3 Oscillator Start-up Timer (OST) If the oscillator module is configured for LP, XT or HS modes, the Oscillator Start-up Timer (OST) counts 1024 oscillations from OSC1. This occurs following a Power-on Reset (POR) or a wake-up from Sleep. The OST ensures that the oscillator circuit, using a quartz crystal resonator or ceramic resonator, has started and is providing a stable system clock to the oscillator module. 6.2.1.4 Note 1: Quartz crystal characteristics vary according to type, package and manufacturer. The user should consult the manufacturer data sheets for specifications and recommended application. 4x PLL The oscillator module contains a PLL that can be used with external clock sources to provide a system clock source. The input frequency for the PLL must fall within specifications. See the PLL Clock Timing Specifications in Table 34-9. The PLL may be enabled for use by one of two methods: 1. 2. Program the RSTOSC bits in the Configuration Word 1 to enable the EXTOSC with 4x PLL. Write the NOSC<2:0> bits in the OSCCON1 register to enable the EXTOSC with 4x PLL. 6.2.1.5 Secondary Oscillator The secondary oscillator is a separate oscillator block that can be used as an alternate system clock source. The secondary oscillator is optimized for 32.768 kHz, and can be used with an external crystal oscillator connected to the SOSCI and SOSCO device pins, or an external clock source connected to the SOSCIN pin. The secondary oscillator can be selected during run-time using clock switching. Refer to Section 6.3 “Clock Switching” for more information. FIGURE 6-5: 2: Always verify oscillator performance over the VDD and temperature range that is expected for the application. 3: For oscillator design assistance, reference the following Microchip Application Notes: • AN826, “Crystal Oscillator Basics and Crystal Selection for rfPIC® and PIC® Devices” (DS00826) • AN849, “Basic PICmicro® Oscillator Design” (DS00849) • AN943, “Practical PICmicro® Oscillator Analysis and Design” (DS00943) • AN949, “Making Your Oscillator Work” (DS00949) • TB097, “Interfacing a Micro Crystal MS1V-T1K 32.768 kHz Tuning Fork Crystal to a PIC16F690/SS” (DS91097) • AN1288, “Design Practices for Low-Power External Oscillators” (DS01288) QUARTZ CRYSTAL OPERATION (SECONDARY OSCILLATOR) PIC® MCU SOSCI C1 To Internal Logic 32.768 kHz Quartz Crystal C2 DS40001795B-page 78 SOSCO Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 6.2.2 INTERNAL CLOCK SOURCES 6.2.2.1 The device may be configured to use the internal oscillator block as the system clock by performing one of the following actions: • Program the RSTOSC<2:0> bits in Configuration Words to select the INTOSC clock source, which will be used as the default system clock upon a device Reset. • Write the NOSC<2:0> bits in the OSCCON1 register to switch the system clock source to the internal oscillator during run-time. See Section 6.3 “Clock Switching” for more information. The function of the OSC2/CLKOUT pin is determined by the CLKOUTEN bit in Configuration Words. The internal oscillator block has two independent oscillators that can produce two internal system clock sources. 1. 2. The HFINTOSC (High-Frequency Internal Oscillator) is factory calibrated and operates up to 32 MHz. The frequency of HFINTOSC can be selected through the OSCFRQ Frequency Selection register, and fine-tuning can be done via the OSCTUNE register. The LFINTOSC (Low-Frequency Internal Oscillator) is factory calibrated and operates at 31 kHz. The High-Frequency Internal Oscillator (HFINTOSC) is a precision digitally-controlled internal clock source that produces a stable clock up to 32 MHz. The HFINTOSC can be enabled through one of the following methods: • Programming the RSTOSC<2:0> bits in Configuration Word 1 to ‘110’ (1 MHz) or ‘000’ (32 MHz) to set the oscillator upon device Power-up or Reset • Write to the NOSC<2:0> bits of the OSCCON1 register during run-time The HFINTOSC frequency can be selected by setting the HFFRQ<2:0> bits of the OSCFRQ register. The NDIV<3:0> bits of the OSCCON1 register allow for division of the output of the selected clock source by a range between 1:1 and 1:512. 6.2.2.2 2x PLL The oscillator module contains a PLL that can be used with the HFINTOSC clock source to provide a system clock source. The input frequency to the PLL is limited to 8, 12, or 16 MHz, which will yield a system clock source of 16, 24, or 32 MHz, respectively. The PLL may be enabled for use by one of two methods: 1. 2. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. HFINTOSC Preliminary Program the RSTOSC bits in the Configuration Word 1 to ‘000’ to enable the HFINTOSC (32 MHz). This setting configures the HFFRQ<2:0> bits to ‘110’ (16 MHz) and activates the 2x PLL. Write ‘000’ the NOSC<2:0> bits in the OSCCON1 register to enable the 2x PLL, and write the correct value into the HFFRQ<2:0> bits of the OSCFRQ register to select the desired system clock frequency. See Register 6-6 for more information. DS40001795B-page 79 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 6.2.2.3 Internal Oscillator Frequency Adjustment The internal oscillator is factory-calibrated. This internal oscillator can be adjusted in software by writing to the OSCTUNE register (Register 6-3). The default value of the OSCTUNE register is 00h. The value is a 6-bit two’s complement number. A value of 3Fh will provide an adjustment to the maximum frequency. A value of 0h will provide an adjustment to the minimum frequency. When the OSCTUNE register is modified, the oscillator frequency will begin shifting to the new frequency. Code execution continues during this shift. There is no indication that the shift has occurred. OSCTUNE does not affect the LFINTOSC frequency. Operation of features that depend on the LFINTOSC clock source frequency, such as the Power-up Timer (PWRT), Watchdog Timer (WDT), Fail-Safe Clock Monitor (FSCM) and peripherals, are not affected by the change in frequency. 6.2.2.4 LFINTOSC The Low-Frequency Internal Oscillator (LFINTOSC) is a factory calibrated 31 kHz internal clock source. The LFINTOSC is the clock source for the Power-up Timer (PWRT), Watchdog Timer (WDT) and Fail-Safe Clock Monitor (FSCM). The LFINTOSC is selected as the clock source through one of the following methods: • Programming the RSTOSC<2:0> bits of Configuration Word 1 to enable LFINTOSC. • Write to the NOSC<2:0> bits of the OSCCON1 register. 6.2.2.5 Oscillator Status and Manual Enable The ‘ready’ status of each oscillator is displayed in the OSCSTAT1 register (Register 6-4). The oscillators can also be manually enabled through the OSCEN register (Register 6-5). Manual enables make it possible to verify the operation of the EXTOSC or SOSC crystal oscillators. This can be achieved by enabling the selected oscillator, then watching the corresponding ‘ready’ state of the oscillator in the OSCSTAT1 register. DS40001795B-page 80 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 6.3 Clock Switching The system clock source can be switched between external and internal clock sources via software using the New Oscillator Source (NOSC) and New Divider Selection Request (NDIV) bits of the OSCCON1 register. The following clock sources can be selected: • • • • • • External Oscillator (EXTOSC) High-Frequency Internal Oscillator (HFINTOSC) Low-Frequency Internal Oscillator (LFINTOSC) Secondary Oscillator (SOSC) EXTOSC with 4x PLL HFINTOSC with 2x PLL 6.3.1 NEW OSCILLATOR SOURCE (NOSC) AND NEW DIVIDER SELECTION REQUEST (NDIV) BITS The New Oscillator Source (NOSC) and New Divider Selection Request (NDIV) bits of the OSCCON1 register select the system clock source that is used for the CPU and peripherals. When the new values of NOSC<2:0> and NDIV<3:0> are written to OSCCON1, the current oscillator selection will continue to operate as the system clock while waiting for the new source to indicate that it is stable and ready. In some cases, the newly requested source may already be in use, and is ready immediately. In the case of a divider-only change, the new and old sources are the same, so the source will be ready immediately, as well. The device may enter Sleep while waiting for the switch as described in Section 6.3.3 “Clock Switch and Sleep”. When the new oscillator is ready, the New Oscillator is Ready (NOSCR) bit of OSCCON3 and the Clock Switch Interrupt Flag (CSWIF) bit of PIR3 become set (CSWIF = 1). If Clock Switch Interrupts are enabled (CLKSIE = 1), an interrupt will be generated at that time. The Oscillator Ready (ORDY) bit of OSCCON3 can also be polled to determine when the oscillator is ready in lieu of an interrupt. If the Clock Switch Hold (CSWHOLD) bit of OSCCON3 is clear, the oscillator switch will occur when the New Oscillator Ready bit (NOSCR) is set and the interrupt (if enabled) will be serviced at the new oscillator setting. If CSWHOLD is set, the oscillator switch is suspended, while execution continues using the current (old) clock source. When the NOSCR bit is set, software should: • Set CSWHOLD = 0 so the switch can complete, or • Copy COSC into NOSC<2:0> to abandon the switch. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. If DOZE is in effect, the switch occurs on the next clock cycle, whether or not the CPU is operating during that cycle. Changing the clock post-divider without changing the clock source (i.e., changing FOSC from 1 MHz to 2 MHz) is handled in the same manner as a clock source change, as described previously. The clock source will already be active, so the switch is relatively quick. CSWHOLD must be clear (CSWHOLD = 0) for the switch to complete. The current COSC and CDIV are indicated in the OSCCON2 register up to the moment when the switch actually occurs, at which time OSCCON2 is updated and ORDY is set. NOSCR is cleared by hardware to indicate that the switch is complete. 6.3.2 PLL INPUT SWITCH Switching between the PLL and any non-PLL source is managed as described above. The input to the PLL is established when NOSC<2:0> selects the PLL, and maintained by the COSC setting. When NOSC<2:0> and COSC select the PLL with different input sources, the system continues to run using the COSC setting, and the new source is enabled per NOSC<2:0>. When the new oscillator is ready (and CSWHOLD = 0), system operation is suspended while the PLL input is switched and the PLL acquires lock. 6.3.3 CLOCK SWITCH AND SLEEP If OSCCON1 is written with a new value and the device is put to Sleep before the switch completes, the switch will not take place and the device will enter Sleep mode. When the device wakes from Sleep and the CSWHOLD bit is clear, the device will wake with the ‘new’ clock active, and the Clock Switch Interrupt Flag bit (CSWIF) will be set. When the device wakes from Sleep and the CSWHOLD bit is set, the device will wake with the ‘old’ clock active and the new clock will be requested again. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 81 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 FIGURE 6-6: CLOCK SWITCH (CSWHOLD = 0) OSCCON1 WRITTEN OSC #2 OSC #1 ORDY Note 2 NOSCR Note 1 CSWIF CSWHOLD USER CLEAR Note 1: CSWIF is asserted coincident with NOSCR; interrupt is serviced at OSC#2 speed. 2: The assertion of NOSCR is hidden from the user because it appears only for the duration of the switch. FIGURE 6-7: CLOCK SWITCH (CSWHOLD = 1) OSCCON1 WRITTEN OSC #1 OSC #2 ORDY NOSCR CSWIF Note 1 USER CLEAR CSWHOLD Note 1: CSWIF is asserted coincident with NOSCR, and may be cleared before or after clearing CSWHOLD = 0. DS40001795B-page 82 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 FIGURE 6-8: CLOCK SWITCH ABANDONED OSCCON1 WRITTEN OSCCON1 WRITTEN OSC #1 ORDY Note 2 NOSCR CSWIF Note 1 CSWHOLD Note 1: CSWIF may be cleared before or after rewriting OSCCON1; CSWIF is not automatically cleared. 2: ORDY = 0 if OSCCON1 does not match OSCCON2; a new switch will begin. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 83 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 6.4 6.4.3 Fail-Safe Clock Monitor The Fail-Safe Clock Monitor (FSCM) allows the device to continue operating should the external oscillator fail. The FSCM is enabled by setting the FCMEN bit in the Configuration Words. The FSCM is applicable to all external Oscillator modes (LP, XT, HS, EC and Secondary Oscillator). FIGURE 6-9: FSCM BLOCK DIAGRAM Clock Monitor Latch External Clock LFINTOSC Oscillator ÷ 64 31 kHz (~32 s) 488 Hz (~2 ms) S Q R Q Sample Clock 6.4.1 FAIL-SAFE CONDITION CLEARING The Fail-Safe condition is cleared after a Reset, executing a SLEEP instruction or changing the NOSC<2:0> and NDIV<3:0> bits of the OSCCON1 register. When switching to the external oscillator or PLL, the OST is restarted. While the OST is running, the device continues to operate from the INTOSC selected in OSCCON1. When the OST times out, the Fail-Safe condition is cleared after successfully switching to the external clock source. The OSFIF bit should be cleared prior to switching to the external clock source. If the Fail-Safe condition still exists, the OSFIF flag will again become set by hardware. Clock Failure Detected FAIL-SAFE DETECTION The FSCM module detects a failed oscillator by comparing the external oscillator to the FSCM sample clock. The sample clock is generated by dividing the LFINTOSC by 64. See Figure 6-9. Inside the fail detector block is a latch. The external clock sets the latch on each falling edge of the external clock. The sample clock clears the latch on each rising edge of the sample clock. A failure is detected when an entire half-cycle of the sample clock elapses before the external clock goes low. 6.4.2 FAIL-SAFE OPERATION When the external clock fails, the FSCM switches the device clock to the HFINTOSC at 1 MHz clock frequency and sets the bit flag OSFIF of the PIR3 register. Setting this flag will generate an interrupt if the OSFIE bit of the PIE3 register is also set. The device firmware can then take steps to mitigate the problems that may arise from a failed clock. The system clock will continue to be sourced from the internal clock source until the device firmware successfully restarts the external oscillator and switches back to external operation, by writing to the NOSC<2:0> and NDIV<3:0>bits of the OSCCON1 register. DS40001795B-page 84 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 6.4.4 RESET OR WAKE-UP FROM SLEEP The FSCM is designed to detect an oscillator failure after the Oscillator Start-up Timer (OST) has expired. The OST is used after waking up from Sleep and after any type of Reset. The OST is not used with the EC Clock modes so that the external clock signal can be stopped if required. Therefore, the device will always be executing code while the OST is operating. FIGURE 6-10: FSCM TIMING DIAGRAM Sample Clock Oscillator Failure System Clock Output Clock Monitor Output (Q) Failure Detected OSCFIF Test Note: Test Test The system clock is normally at a much higher frequency than the sample clock. The relative frequencies in this example have been chosen for clarity. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 85 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 6.5 Register Definitions: Oscillator Control REGISTER 6-1: OSCCON1: OSCILLATOR CONTROL REGISTER 1 R/W-f/f(1) U-0 R/W-f/f(1) R/W-f/f(1) R/W-q/q(4) NOSC<2:0>(2,3) — R/W-q/q(4) R/W-q/q(4) R/W-q/q(4) NDIV<3:0>(2,3) bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared f = determined by fuse setting bit 7 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 6-4 NOSC<2:0>: New Oscillator Source Request bits The setting requests a source oscillator and PLL combination per Table 6-1. POR value = RSTOSC (Register 4.2). bit 3-0 NDIV<3:0>: New Divider Selection Request bits The setting determines the new postscaler division ratio per Table 6-2. Note 1: 2: 3: 4: The default value (f/f) is set equal to the RSTOSC Configuration bits. If NOSC is written with a reserved value (Table 6-1), the HFINTOSC will be automatically selected as the clock source. When CSWEN = 0, this register is read-only and cannot be changed from the POR value. When RSTOSC = 110 (HFINTOSC 1 MHz) the NDIV bits will default to '0010' upon Reset; for all other NOSC settings the NVID bits will default to '0000' upon Reset. REGISTER 6-2: OSCCON2: OSCILLATOR CONTROL REGISTER 2 R-q/q(1) U-0 — R-q/q(1) R-q/q(1) R-q/q(1) COSC<2:0> R-q/q(1) R-q/q(1) R-q/q(1) CDIV<3:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 6-4 COSC<2:0>: Current Oscillator Source Select bits (read-only) Indicates the current source oscillator and PLL combination per Table 6-1. bit 3-0 CDIV<3:0>: Current Divider Select bits (read-only) Indicates the current postscaler division ratio per Table 6-2. Note 1: The Reset value (n/n) will match the NOSC<2:0>/NDIV<3:0> bits. DS40001795B-page 86 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 TABLE 6-1: NOSC/COSC BIT SETTINGS TABLE 6-2: NDIV/CDIV BIT SETTINGS NOSC<2:0> COSC<2:0> Clock Source NDIV<3:0> CDIV<3:0> Clock Divider 111 EXTOSC(1) 1111–1010 Reserved 110 HFINTOSC (1 MHz) 1001 512 101 Reserved 1000 256 100 LFINTOSC 0111 128 011 SOSC 0110 64 010 Reserved 0101 32 001 EXTOSC with 4xPLL(1) 0100 16 000 HFINTOSC with 2x PLL (32 MHz) 0011 8 0010 4 0001 2 0000 1 Note 1: EXTOSC configured by the FEXTOSC bits of Configuration Word 1 (Register 4-1). REGISTER 6-3: OSCCON3: OSCILLATOR CONTROL REGISTER 3 R/W/HC-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R-0/0 R-0/0 U-0 U-0 U-0 CSWHOLD SOSCPWR SOSCBE ORDY NOSCR — — — bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7 CSWHOLD: Clock Switch Hold bit 1 = Clock switch will hold (with interrupt) when the oscillator selected by NOSC is ready 0 = Clock switch may proceed when the oscillator selected by NOSC is ready; if this bit is set at the time that NOSCR becomes ‘1’, the switch and interrupt will occur. bit 6 SOSCPWR: Secondary Oscillator Power Mode Select bit If SOSCBE = 0 1 = Secondary oscillator operating in High-Power mode 0 = Secondary oscillator operating in Low-Power mode If SOSCBE = 0 x = Bit is ignored bit 5 SOSCBE: Secondary Oscillator Bypass Enable bit 1 = Secondary oscillator SOSCI is configured as an external clock input (ST-buffer); SOSCO is not used. 0 = Secondary oscillator is configured as a crystal oscillator using SOSCO and SOSCI pins. bit 4 ORDY: Oscillator Ready bit (read-only) 1 = OSCCON1 = OSCCON2; the current system clock is the clock specified by NOSC 0 = A clock switch is in progress bit 3 NOSCR: New Oscillator is Ready bit (read-only) 1 = A clock switch is in progress and the oscillator selected by NOSC indicates a Ready condition 0 = A clock switch is not in progress, or the NOSC-selected oscillator is not yet ready bit 2-0 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 87 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 6-4: OSCSTAT1: OSCILLATOR STATUS REGISTER 1 R-q/q R-q/q U-0 R-q/q R-q/q R-q/q U-0 R-q/q EXTOR HFOR — LFOR SOR ADOR — PLLR bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7 EXTOR: EXTOSC (external) Oscillator Ready 1 = The oscillator is ready to be used 0 = The oscillator is not enabled, or is not yet ready to be used. bit 6 HFOR: HFINTOSC Oscillator Ready 1 = The oscillator is ready to be used 0 = The oscillator is not enabled, or is not yet ready to be used. bit 5 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 4 LFOR: LFINTOSC Oscillator Ready 1 = The oscillator is ready to be used 0 = The oscillator is not enabled, or is not yet ready to be used. bit 3 SOR: Secondary Oscillator Ready 1 = The oscillator is ready to be used 0 = The oscillator is not enabled, or is not yet ready to be used. bit 2 ADOR: ADCRC Oscillator Ready 1 = The oscillator is ready to be used 0 = The oscillator is not enabled, or is not yet ready to be used bit 1 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 0 PLLR: PLL is ready 1 = The PLL is ready to be used 0 = The PLL is not enabled, the required input source is not ready, or the PLL is not ready. DS40001795B-page 88 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 6-5: OSCEN: OSCILLATOR MANUAL ENABLE REGISTER R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 U-0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 U-0 U-0 EXTOEN HFOEN — LFOEN SOSCEN ADOEN — — bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7 EXTOEN: External Oscillator Manual Request Enable bit 1 = EXTOSC is explicitly enabled, operating as specified by FEXTOSC 0 = EXTOSC could be enabled by another module bit 6 HFOEN: HFINTOSC Oscillator Manual Request Enable bit 1 = HFINTOSC is explicitly enabled, operating as specified by OSCFRQ (Register 6-6) 0 = HFINTOSC could be enabled by another module bit 5 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 4 LFOEN: LFINTOSC (31 kHz) Oscillator Manual Request Enable bit 1 = LFINTOSC is explicitly enabled 0 = LFINTOSC could be enabled by another module bit 3 SOSCEN: Secondary (Timer1) Oscillator Manual Request Enable bit 1 = Secondary Oscillator is explicitly enabled, operating as specified by SOSCBE and SOSCPWR 0 = Secondary Oscillator could be enabled by another module bit 2 ADOEN: ADOSC (600 kHz) Oscillator Manual Request Enable bit 1 = ADOSC is explicitly enabled 0 = ADOSC could be enabled by another module bit 1 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 0 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 89 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 6-6: OSCFRQ: HFINTOSC FREQUENCY SELECTION REGISTER U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 — — — — — R/W-q/q R/W-q/q R/W-q/q HFFRQ<2:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-3 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’. bit 2-0 HFFRQ<2:0>: HFINTOSC Frequency Selection bits(1) Note 1: HFFRQ<2:0> Nominal Freq. (MHz) (NOSC = 110) 000 001 010 011 100 101 110 111 1 2 Reserved 4 8 12 16 Reserved 2xPLL Freq. (MHz) (NOSC = 000) N/A 16 24 32 Reserved When RSTOSC = 110 (HFINTOSC 1 MHz), the HFFRQ bits will default to '011' upon Reset; when RSTOSC = 000 (HFINTOSC 32 MHz), the HFFRQ bits will default to '110' upon Reset. DS40001795B-page 90 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 6-7: OSCTUNE: HFINTOSC TUNING REGISTER U-0 U-0 — — R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 HFTUN<5:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-6 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’. bit 5-0 HFTUN<5:0>: HFINTOSC Frequency Tuning bits 01 1111 = Maximum frequency 01 1110 • • • 00 0001 00 0000 = Center frequency. Oscillator module is running at the calibrated frequency (default value). 11 1111 • • • 10 0000 = Minimum frequency. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 91 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 TABLE 6-3: SUMMARY OF REGISTERS ASSOCIATED WITH CLOCK SOURCES Bit 7 OSCCON1 — NOSC<2:0> NDIV<3:0> 86 OSCCON2 — COSC<2:0> CDIV<3:0> 86 OSCCON3 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 CWSHOLD SOSCPWR SOSCBE OSCSTAT1 EXTOR HFOR EXTOEN HFOEN — OSCFRQ — — — OSCTUNE — — OSCEN — Bit 3 Bit 2 ORDY NOSCR — LFOR SOR ADOR LFOEN SOSCEN — Bit 1 ADOEN Bit 0 Register on Page Name — — 87 — PLLR 88 — — HFFRQ<2:0> — 89 90 HFTUN<5:0> 91 Legend: — = unimplemented location, read as ‘0’. Shaded cells are not used by clock sources. TABLE 6-4: Name CONFIG1 Legend: SUMMARY OF CONFIGURATION WORD WITH CLOCK SOURCES Bits Bit -/7 13:8 — 7:0 — Bit -/6 Bit 13/5 Bit 12/4 Bit 11/3 Bit 10/2 Bit 9/1 Bit 8/0 — FCMEN — CSWEN — — CLKOUTEN RSTOSC2 RSTOSC1 RSTOSC0 — FEXTOSC2 FEXTOSC1 FEXTOSC0 Register on Page 60 — = unimplemented location, read as ‘0’. Shaded cells are not used by clock sources. DS40001795B-page 92 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 7.0 INTERRUPTS The interrupt feature allows certain events to preempt normal program flow. Firmware is used to determine the source of the interrupt and act accordingly. Some interrupts can be configured to wake the MCU from Sleep mode. This chapter contains the following information for Interrupts: • • • • • Operation Interrupt Latency Interrupts during Sleep INT Pin Automatic Context Saving Many peripherals produce interrupts. Refer to the corresponding chapters for details. A block diagram of the interrupt logic is shown in Figure 7-1. FIGURE 7-1: INTERRUPT LOGIC TMR0IF TMR0IE Peripheral Interrupts (TMR1IF) PIR1<0> (TMR1IE) PIE1<0> Wake-up (If in Sleep mode) INTF INTE IOCIF IOCIE Interrupt to CPU PEIE PIRn<7> PIEn<7> 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. GIE Preliminary DS40001795B-page 93 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 7.1 Operation 7.2 Interrupts are disabled upon any device Reset. They are enabled by setting the following bits: • GIE bit of the INTCON register • Interrupt Enable bit(s) for the specific interrupt event(s) • PEIE bit of the INTCON register (if the Interrupt Enable bit of the interrupt event is contained in the PIEx registers) Interrupt Latency Interrupt latency is defined as the time from when the interrupt event occurs to the time code execution at the interrupt vector begins. The latency for synchronous interrupts is three or four instruction cycles. For asynchronous interrupts, the latency is three to five instruction cycles, depending on when the interrupt occurs. See Figure 7-2 and Figure 7-3 for more details. The PIR1, PIR2, PIR3 and PIR4 registers record individual interrupts via interrupt flag bits. Interrupt flag bits will be set, regardless of the status of the GIE, PEIE and individual interrupt enable bits. The following events happen when an interrupt event occurs while the GIE bit is set: • Current prefetched instruction is flushed • GIE bit is cleared • Current Program Counter (PC) is pushed onto the stack • Critical registers are automatically saved to the shadow registers (See “Section 7.5 “Automatic Context Saving”) • PC is loaded with the interrupt vector 0004h The firmware within the Interrupt Service Routine (ISR) should determine the source of the interrupt by polling the interrupt flag bits. The interrupt flag bits must be cleared before exiting the ISR to avoid repeated interrupts. Because the GIE bit is cleared, any interrupt that occurs while executing the ISR will be recorded through its interrupt flag, but will not cause the processor to redirect to the interrupt vector. The RETFIE instruction exits the ISR by popping the previous address from the stack, restoring the saved context from the shadow registers and setting the GIE bit. For additional information on a specific interrupt’s operation, refer to its peripheral chapter. Note 1: Individual interrupt flag bits are set, regardless of the state of any other enable bits. 2: All interrupts will be ignored while the GIE bit is cleared. Any interrupt occurring while the GIE bit is clear will be serviced when the GIE bit is set again. DS40001795B-page 94 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 FIGURE 7-2: INTERRUPT LATENCY OSC1 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 CLKR Interrupt Sampled during Q1 Interrupt GIE PC Execute PC-1 PC 1 Cycle Instruction at PC PC+1 0004h 0005h NOP NOP Inst(0004h) PC+1/FSR ADDR New PC/ PC+1 0004h 0005h Inst(PC) NOP NOP Inst(0004h) FSR ADDR PC+1 PC+2 0004h 0005h INST(PC) NOP NOP NOP Inst(0004h) Inst(0005h) FSR ADDR PC+1 0004h 0005h INST(PC) NOP NOP Inst(0004h) Inst(PC) Interrupt GIE PC Execute PC-1 PC 2 Cycle Instruction at PC Interrupt GIE PC Execute PC-1 PC 3 Cycle Instruction at PC Interrupt GIE PC Execute PC-1 PC 3 Cycle Instruction at PC 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary PC+2 NOP NOP DS40001795B-page 95 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 FIGURE 7-3: INT PIN INTERRUPT TIMING Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 OSC1 CLKOUT (3) (4) INT pin (1) (1) INTF Interrupt Latency (2) (5) GIE INSTRUCTION FLOW PC Instruction Fetched Instruction Executed Note 1: PC Inst (PC) Inst (PC – 1) PC + 1 Inst (PC + 1) PC + 1 — Forced NOP Inst (PC) 0004h Inst (0004h) Forced NOP 0005h Inst (0005h) Inst (0004h) INTF flag is sampled here (every Q1). 2: Asynchronous interrupt latency = 3-5 TCY. Synchronous latency = 3-4 TCY, where TCY = instruction cycle time. Latency is the same whether Inst (PC) is a single cycle or a 2-cycle instruction. 3: CLKOUT not available in all oscillator modes. 4: For minimum width of INT pulse, refer to AC specifications in Section 34.0 “Electrical Specifications””. 5: INTF is enabled to be set any time during the Q4-Q1 cycles. DS40001795B-page 96 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 7.3 Interrupts During Sleep Some interrupts can be used to wake from Sleep. To wake from Sleep, the peripheral must be able to operate without the system clock. The interrupt source must have the appropriate Interrupt Enable bit(s) set prior to entering Sleep. On waking from Sleep, if the GIE bit is also set, the processor will branch to the interrupt vector. Otherwise, the processor will continue executing instructions after the SLEEP instruction. The instruction directly after the SLEEP instruction will always be executed before branching to the ISR. Refer to Section 8.0 “Power-Saving Operation Modes” for more details. 7.4 INT Pin The INT pin can be used to generate an asynchronous edge-triggered interrupt. This interrupt is enabled by setting the INTE bit of the PIE0 register. The INTEDG bit of the INTCON register determines on which edge the interrupt will occur. When the INTEDG bit is set, the rising edge will cause the interrupt. When the INTEDG bit is clear, the falling edge will cause the interrupt. The INTF bit of the PIR0 register will be set when a valid edge appears on the INT pin. If the GIE and INTE bits are also set, the processor will redirect program execution to the interrupt vector. 7.5 Automatic Context Saving Upon entering an interrupt, the return PC address is saved on the stack. Additionally, the following registers are automatically saved in the shadow registers: • • • • • W register STATUS register (except for TO and PD) BSR register FSR registers PCLATH register Upon exiting the Interrupt Service Routine, these registers are automatically restored. Any modifications to these registers during the ISR will be lost. If modifications to any of these registers are desired, the corresponding shadow register should be modified and the value will be restored when exiting the ISR. The shadow registers are available in Bank 31 and are readable and writable. Depending on the user’s application, other registers may also need to be saved. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 97 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 7.6 Register Definitions: Interrupt Control REGISTER 7-1: INTCON: INTERRUPT CONTROL REGISTER R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 R-1/1 GIE PEIE — — — — — INTEDG bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7 GIE: Global Interrupt Enable bit 1 = Enables all active interrupts 0 = Disables all interrupts bit 6 PEIE: Peripheral Interrupt Enable bit 1 = Enables all active peripheral interrupts 0 = Disables all peripheral interrupts bit 5-1 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’. bit 0 INTEDG: Interrupt Edge Select bit 1 = Interrupt on rising edge of INT pin 0 = Interrupt on falling edge of INT pin Note: Interrupt flag bits are set when an interrupt condition occurs, regardless of the state of its corresponding enable bit or the Global Enable bit, GIE, of the INTCON register. User software should ensure the appropriate interrupt flag bits are clear prior to enabling an interrupt. DS40001795B-page 98 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 7-2: PIE0: PERIPHERAL INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER 0 U-0 U-0 R/W/HS-0/0 R-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 R/W/HS-0/0 — — TMR0IE IOCIE — — — INTE bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared HS = Hardware set bit 7-6 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’. bit 5 TMR0IE: TMR0 Overflow Interrupt Enable bit 1 = Enables the TMR0 interrupt 0 = Disables the TMR0 interrupt bit 4 IOCIE: Interrupt-on-Change Interrupt Enable bit 1 = Enables the IOC change interrupt 0 = Disables the IOC change interrupt bit 3-1 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’. bit 0 INTE: INT External Interrupt Flag bit(1) 1 = Enables the INT external interrupt 0 = Disables the INT external interrupt Note 1: The external interrupt GPIO pin is selected by INTPPS (Register 12-1). 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 99 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 7-3: PIE1: PERIPHERAL INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER 1 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 TMR1GIE ADIE RCIE TXIE SSP1IE BCL1IE TMR2IE TMR1IE bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7 TMR1GIE: Timer1 Gate Interrupt Enable bit 1 = Enables the Timer1 gate acquisition interrupt 0 = Disables the Timer1 gate acquisition interrupt bit 6 ADIE: Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) Interrupt Enable bit 1 = Enables the ADC interrupt 0 = Disables the ADC interrupt bit 5 RCIE: EUSART Receive Interrupt Enable bit 1 = Enables the EUSART receive interrupt 0 = Disables the EUSART receive interrupt bit 4 TXIE: EUSART Transmit Interrupt Enable bit 1 = Enables the EUSART transmit interrupt 0 = Disables the EUSART transmit interrupt bit 3 SSP1IE: Synchronous Serial Port (MSSP) Interrupt Enable bit 1 = Enables the MSSP interrupt 0 = Disables the MSSP interrupt bit 2 BCL1IE: MSSP1 Bus Collision Interrupt Enable bit 1 = MSSP bus collision interrupt enabled 0 = MSSP bus collision interrupt not enabled bit 1 TMR2IE: TMR2 to PR2 Match Interrupt Enable bit 1 = Enables the Timer2 to PR2 match interrupt 0 = Disables the Timer2 to PR2 match interrupt bit 0 TMR1IE: Timer1 Overflow Interrupt Enable bit 1 = Enables the Timer1 overflow interrupt 0 = Disables the Timer1 overflow interrupt Note: Bit PEIE of the INTCON register must be set to enable any peripheral interrupt. DS40001795B-page 100 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 7-4: PIE2: PERIPHERAL INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER 2 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 TMR6IE C2IE C1IE NVMIE SSP2IE BCL2IE TMR4IE NCO1IE bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7 TMR6IE: TMR6 to PR6 Match Interrupt Enable bit 1 = TMR6 to PR6 match interrupt is enabled 0 = TMR6 to PR6 match is not enabled bit 6 C2IE: Comparator C2 Interrupt Enable bit 1 = Enables the Comparator C2 interrupt 0 = Disables the Comparator C2 interrupt bit 5 C1IE: Comparator C1 Interrupt Enable bit 1 = Enables the Comparator C1 interrupt 0 = Disables the Comparator C1 interrupt bit 4 NVMIE: NVM Interrupt Enable Bit 1 = ENVM task complete interrupt enabled 0 = NVM interrupt not enabled bit 3 SSP2IE: Master Synchronous Serial Port (MSSP2) Interrupt Enable bit 1 = Enables the MSSP2 interrupt 0 = Disables the MSSP2 interrupt bit 2 BCL2IE: MSSP2 Bus Collision Interrupt Enable bit 1 = MSSP bus collision interrupt enabled 0 = MSSP bus collision interrupt not enabled bit 1 TMR4IE: TMR4 to PR4 Match Interrupt Enable bit 1 = TMR4 to PR4 match interrupt is enabled 0 = TMR4 to PR4 match is not enabled bit 0 NCO1IE: NCO Interrupt Enable bit 1 = NCO rollover interrupt enabled 0 = NCO rollover interrupt not enabled Note: Bit PEIE of the INTCON register must be set to enable any peripheral interrupt. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 101 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 7-5: PIE3: PERIPHERAL INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER 3 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 OSFIE CSWIE TMR3GIE TMR3IE CLC4IE CLC3IE CLC2IE CLC1IE bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7 OSFIE: Oscillator Fail Interrupt Enable bit. 1 = Enables the Oscillator Fail interrupt 0 = Disables the Oscillator Fail interrupt bit 6 CSWIE: Clock Switch Complete Interrupt Enable bit 1 = The clock switch module interrupt is enabled 0 = The clock switch module interrupt is not enabled bit 5 TMR3GIE: Timer3 Gate Interrupt Enable bit 1 = Timer3 Gate interrupt is enabled 0 = Timer3 Gate interrupt is not enabled bit 4 TMR3IE: TMR3 Overflow Interrupt Enable bit 1 = TMR3 overflow interrupt is enabled 0 = TMR3 overflow interrupt is not enabled bit 3 CLC4IE: CLC4 Interrupt Flag bit 1 = CLC4 interrupt is enabled 0 = CLC4 interrupt is not enabled bit 2 CLC3IE: CLC3 Interrupt Flag bit 1 = CLC3 interrupt is enabled 0 = CLC3 interrupt is not enabled bit 1 CLC2IE: CLC2 Interrupt Enable bit 1 = CLC2 interrupt enabled 0 = CLC2 interrupt disabled bit 0 CLC1IE: CLC1 Interrupt Enable bit 1 = CLC1 interrupt enabled 0 = CLC1 interrupt disabled Note: Bit PEIE of the INTCON register must be set to enable any peripheral interrupt. DS40001795B-page 102 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 7-6: PIE4: PERIPHERAL INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER 4 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 CWG2IE CWG1IE TMR5GIE TMR5IE CCP4IE CCP3IE CCP2IE CCP1IE bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared HS = Hardware set bit 7 CWG2IE: CWG 2 Interrupt Enable bit 1 = CWG2 interrupt enabled 0 = CWG2 interrupt not enabled bit 6 CWG1IE: CWG 1 Interrupt Enable bit 1 = CWG1 interrupt enabled 0 = CWG1 interrupt not enabled bit 5 TMR5GIE: Timer5 Gate Interrupt Enable bit 1 = TMR5 Gate interrupt is enabled 0 = TMR5 Gate interrupt is not enabled bit 4 TMR5IE: TMR5 Overflow Interrupt Enable bit 1 = TMR5 overflow interrupt is enabled 0 = TMR5 overflow interrupt is not enabled bit 3 CCP4IE: CCP4 Interrupt Enable bit 1 = CCP4 interrupt is enabled 0 = CCP4 interrupt is not enabled bit 2 CCP3IE: CCP3 Interrupt Enable bit 1 = CCP3 interrupt is enabled 0 = CCP3 interrupt is not enabled bit 1 CCP2IE: CCP2 Interrupt Enable bit 1 = CCP2 interrupt is enabled 0 = CCP2 interrupt is not enabled bit 0 CCP1IE: CCP1 Interrupt Enable bit 1 = CCP1 interrupt is enabled 0 = CCP1 interrupt is not enabled Note: Bit PEIE of the INTCON register must be set to enable any peripheral interrupt. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 103 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 7-7: PIR0: PERIPHERAL INTERRUPT REQUEST REGISTER 0 U-0 U-0 R/W/HS-0/0 R-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 R/W/HS-0/0 — — TMR0IF IOCIF — — — INTF(1) bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared HS= Hardware Set bit 7-6 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 5 TMR0IF: TMR0 Overflow Interrupt Flag bit 1 = TMR0 register has overflowed (must be cleared in software) 0 = TMR0 register did not overflow bit 4 IOCIF: Interrupt-on-Change Interrupt Flag bit (read-only) 1 = An enabled edge was detected by the IOC module. One of the IOCF bits is set. 0 = No enabled edge is was detected by the IOC module. None of the IOCF bits is set. Pins are individually masked via IOCxP and IOCxN. bit 3-1 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 0 INTF: INT External Interrupt Flag bit(1) 1 = The INT external interrupt occurred (must be cleared in software) 0 = The INT external interrupt did not occur Note 1: Note: The External Interrupt GPIO pin is selected by INTPPS (Register 12-1). Interrupt flag bits are set when an interrupt condition occurs, regardless of the state of its corresponding enable bit or the Global Enable bit, GIE, of the INTCON register. User software should ensure the appropriate interrupt flag bits are clear prior to enabling an interrupt. DS40001795B-page 104 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 7-8: PIR1: PERIPHERAL INTERRUPT REQUEST REGISTER 1 R/W/HS-0/0 R/W/HS-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W/HS-0/0 R/W/HS-0/0 R/W/HS-0/0 R/W/HS-0/0 TMR1GIF ADIF RCIF TXIF SSP1IF BCL1IF TMR2IF TMR1IF bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared HS = Hardware set bit 7 TMR1GIF: Timer1 Gate Interrupt Flag bit 1 = The Timer1 gate has gone inactive (the gate is closed). 0 = The Timer1 gate has not gone inactive. bit 6 ADIF: Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) Interrupt Flag bit 1 = The A/D conversion completed 0 = The A/D conversion is not completed bit 5 RCIF: EUSART Receive Interrupt Flag bit 1 = The EUSART1 receive buffer is not empty 0 = The EUSART1 receive buffer is empty bit 4 TXIF: EUSART Transmit Interrupt Flag bit 1 = The EUSART1 receive buffer is not empty 0 = The EUSART1 receive buffer is empty bit 3 SSP1IF: Synchronous Serial Port (MSSP) Interrupt Flag bit 1 = The Transmission/Reception/Bus Condition is complete (must be cleared in software) 0 = Waiting for the Transmission/Reception/Bus Condition in progress bit 2 BCL1IF: MSSP Bus Collision Interrupt Flag bit 1 = A bus collision was detected (must be cleared in software) 0 = No bus collision was detected bit 1 TMR2IF: Timer2 to PR2 Interrupt Flag bit 1 = TMR2 to PR2 match occurred (must be cleared in software) 0 = No TMR2 to PR2 match occurred bit 0 TMR1IF: Timer1 Overflow Interrupt Flag bit 1 = TMR1 overflow occurred (must be cleared in software) 0 = No TMR1 overflow occurred Note: Interrupt flag bits are set when an interrupt condition occurs, regardless of the state of its corresponding enable bit or the Global Enable bit, GIE, of the INTCON register. User software should ensure the appropriate interrupt flag bits are clear prior to enabling an interrupt. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 105 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 7-9: PIR2: PERIPHERAL INTERRUPT REQUEST REGISTER 2 R/W/HS-0/0 R/W/HS-0/0 TMR6IF C2IF R/W/HS-0/0 R/W/HS-0/0 R/W/HS-0/0 C1IF NVMIF SSP2IF R/W/HS-0/0 R/W/HS-0/0 R/W/HS-0/0 BCL2IF TMR4IF NCO1IF bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared HS = Hardware set bit 7 TMR6IF: TMR6 to PR6 Match Interrupt Flag bit 1 = TMR6 to PR6 match occurred (must be cleared in software) 0 = No TMR6 to PR6 match occurred bit 6 C2IF: Comparator C2 Interrupt Flag bit 1 = Comparator 2 interrupt asserted 0 = Comparator 2 interrupt not asserted bit 5 C1IF: Comparator C1 Interrupt Flag bit 1 = Comparator 1 interrupt asserted 0 = Comparator 1 interrupt not asserted bit 4 NVMIF: NVM Interrupt Flag bit 1 = The NVM has completed a programming task 0 = NVM interrupt not asserted bit 3 SSP2IF: Master Synchronous Serial Port (MSSP2) Interrupt Flag bit 1 = The Transmission/Reception/Bus Condition is complete (must be cleared in software) 0 = Waiting for the Transmission/Reception/Bus Condition in progress bit 2 BCL2IF: MSSP2 Bus Collision Interrupt Flag bit 1 = A bus collision was detected (must be cleared in software) 0 = No bus collision was detected bit 1 TMR4IF: TMR4 to PR4 Match Interrupt Flag bit 1 = TMR4 to PR4 match occurred (must be cleared in software) 0 = No TMR4 to PR4 match occurred bit 0 NCO1IF: NCO Interrupt Flag bit 1 = The NCO has rolled over. 0 = No NCO interrupt is asserted. Note: Interrupt flag bits are set when an interrupt condition occurs, regardless of the state of its corresponding enable bit or the Global Enable bit, GIE, of the INTCON register. User software should ensure the appropriate interrupt flag bits are clear prior to enabling an interrupt. DS40001795B-page 106 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 7-10: PIR3: PERIPHERAL INTERRUPT REQUEST REGISTER 3 R/W/HS-0/0 R/W/HS-0/0 OSFIF CSWIF R/W/HS-0/0 R/W/HS-0/0 R/W/HS-0/0 TMR3GIF TMR3IF R/W/HS-0/0 R/W/HS-0/0 R/W/HS-0/0 CLC3IF CLC2IF CLC1IF CLC4IF bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared HS = Hardware set bit 7 OSFIF: Oscillator Fail-Safe Interrupt Flag bit 1 = Oscillator fail-safe interrupt has occurred 0 = No oscillator fail-safe interrupt bit 6 CSWIF: Clock Switch Complete Interrupt Flag bit 1 = The clock switch module indicates an interrupt condition 0 = The clock switch module does not indicate an interrupt condition bit 5 TMR3GIF: Timer3 Gate Interrupt Flag bit 1 = The TMR3 gate has gone inactive (the gate is closed). 0 = The TMR3 gate has not gone inactive. bit 4 TMR3IF: TMR3 Overflow Interrupt Flag bit 1 = TMR3 overflow occurred (must be cleared in software) 0 = No TMR3 overflow occurred bit 3 CLC4IF: CLC4 Interrupt Flag bit 1 = The CLC4OUT interrupt condition has been met 0 = No CLC4 interrupt bit 2 CLC3IF: CLC3 Interrupt Flag bit 1 = The CLC3OUT interrupt condition has been met 0 = No CLC3 interrupt bit 1 CLC2IF: CLC2 Interrupt Flag bit 1 = The CLC2OUT interrupt condition has been met 0 = No CLC2 interrupt bit 0 CLC1IF: CLC1 Interrupt Flag bit 1 = The CLC1OUT interrupt condition has been met 0 = No CLC1 interrupt Note: Interrupt flag bits are set when an interrupt condition occurs, regardless of the state of its corresponding enable bit or the Global Enable bit, GIE, of the INTCON register. User software should ensure the appropriate interrupt flag bits are clear prior to enabling an interrupt. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 107 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 7-11: PIR4: PERIPHERAL INTERRUPT REQUEST REGISTER 4 R/W/HS-0/0 R/W/HS-0/0 CWG2IF CWG1IF R/W/HS-0/0 R/W/HS-0/0 R/W/HS-0/0 TMR5GIF TMR5IF R/W/HS-0/0 R/W/HS-0/0 R/W/HS-0/0 CCP3IF CCP2IF CCP1IF CCP4IF bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared HS = Hardware set bit 7 CWG2IF: CWG 2 Interrupt Flag bit 1 = CWG2 has gone into shutdown 0 = CWG2 is operating normally, or interrupt cleared bit 6 CWG1IF: CWG1 Interrupt Flag bit 1 = CWG1 has gone into shutdown 0 = CWG1 is operating normally, or interrupt cleared bit 5 TMR5GIF: Timer5 Gate Interrupt Flag bit 1 = The TMR5 gate has gone inactive (the gate is closed). 0 = The TMR5 gate has not gone inactive. bit 4 TMR5IF: Timer5 Overflow Interrupt Flag bit 1 = TMR5 overflow occurred (must be cleared in software) 0 = No TMR5 overflow occurred bit 3 CCP4IF: CCP4 Interrupt Flag bit CCPM Mode Value Capture 1 0 bit 2 Compare Capture occurred Compare match occurred (must be cleared in software) (must be cleared in software) Compare match did not Capture did not occur occur PWM Output trailing edge occurred (must be cleared in software) Output trailing edge did not occur CCP3IF: CCP3 Interrupt Flag bit CCPM Mode Value Capture 1 0 DS40001795B-page 108 Compare Capture occurred Compare match occurred (must be cleared in software) (must be cleared in software) Compare match did not Capture did not occur occur Preliminary PWM Output trailing edge occurred (must be cleared in software) Output trailing edge did not occur 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 7-11: bit 1 PIR4: PERIPHERAL INTERRUPT REQUEST REGISTER 4 (CONTINUED) CCP2IF: CCP2 Interrupt Flag bit CCPM Mode Value Capture 1 0 bit 0 Compare PWM Capture occurred Compare match occurred (must be cleared in software) (must be cleared in software) Compare match did not Capture did not occur occur Output trailing edge occurred (must be cleared in software) Output trailing edge did not occur CCP1IF: CCP1 Interrupt Flag bit CCPM Mode Value Capture 1 0 Note: Compare PWM Capture occurred Compare match occurred (must be cleared in software) (must be cleared in software) Compare match did not Capture did not occur occur Output trailing edge occurred (must be cleared in software) Output trailing edge did not occur Interrupt flag bits are set when an interrupt condition occurs, regardless of the state of its corresponding enable bit or the Global Enable bit, GIE, of the INTCON register. User software should ensure the appropriate interrupt flag bits are clear prior to enabling an interrupt. TABLE 7-1: SUMMARY OF REGISTERS ASSOCIATED WITH INTERRUPTS Name Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Register on Page INTCON GIE PEIE — — — — — INTEDG 98 PIE0 — — TMR0IE IOCIE — — — INTE 99 PIE1 TMR1GIE ADIE RCIE TXIE SSP1IE BCL1IE TMR2IE TMR1IE 100 PIE2 TMR6IE C2IE C1IE NVMIE SSP2IE BCL2IE TMR4IE NCO1IE 101 PIE3 OSFIE CSWIE TMR3GIE TMR3IE CLC4IE CLC3IE CLC2IE CLC1IE 102 PIE4 CWG2IE CWG1IE TMR5GIE TMR5IE CCP4IE CCP3IE CCP2IE CCP1IE 103 PIR0 — — TMR0IF IOCIF — — — INTF 104 PIR1 TMR1GIF ADIF RCIF TXIF SSP1IF BCL1IF TMR2IF TMR1IF 105 PIR2 TMR6IF C2IF C1IF NVMIF SSP2IF BCL2IF TMR4IF NCO1IF 106 PIR3 OSFIF CSWIF TMR3GIF TMR3IF CLC4IF CLC3IF CLC2IF CLC1IF 107 PIR4 CWG2IF CWG1IF TMR5GIF TMR5IF CCP4IF CCP3IF CCP2IF CCP1IF 108 Legend: — = unimplemented location, read as ‘0’. Shaded cells are not used by interrupts. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 109 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 8.0 POWER-SAVING OPERATION MODES The purpose of the Power-Down modes is to reduce power consumption. There are two Power-Down modes: Doze mode and Sleep mode. 8.1 Doze Mode Doze mode allows for power savings by reducing CPU operation and program memory access, without affecting peripheral operation. Doze mode differs from Sleep mode because the system oscillators continue to operate, while only the CPU and program memory are affected. The reduced execution saves power by eliminating unnecessary operations within the CPU and memory. When the Doze Enable (DOZEN) bit is set (DOZEN = 1), the CPU executes only one instruction cycle out of every N cycles as defined by the DOZE<2:0> bits of the CPUDOZE register. For example, if DOZE<2:0> = 100, the instruction cycle ratio is 1:32. The CPU and memory execute for one instruction cycle and then lay idle for 31 instruction cycles. During the unused cycles, the peripherals continue to operate at the system clock speed. FIGURE 8-1: DOZE MODE OPERATION EXAMPLE System Clock 1 1 2 /ŶƐƚƌƵĐƚŝŽŶ WĞƌŝŽĚƐ 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 1 2 3 4 2 3 4 1 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 2 3 4 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 PFM Op’s Fetch Fetch Push 0004h Fetch Fetch CPU Op’s Exec Exec Exec(1,2) NOP Exec Exec CPU Clock 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 Exec Interrupt Here (ROI = 1) DS40001795B-page 110 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 8.1.1 DOZE OPERATION 8.2 The Doze operation is illustrated in Figure 8-1. For this example: • Doze enable (DOZEN) bit set (DOZEN = 1) • DOZE<2:0> = 001 (1:4) ratio • Recover-on-Interrupt (ROI) bit set (ROI = 1) As with normal operation, the program memory fetches for the next instruction cycle. The instruction clocks to the peripherals continue throughout. 8.1.2 Sleep Mode Sleep mode is entered by executing the SLEEP instruction, while the Idle Enable (IDLEN) bit of the CPUDOZE register is clear (IDLEN = 0). If the SLEEP instruction is executed while the IDLEN bit is set (IDLEN = 1), the CPU will enter the Idle mode (Section 8.2.3 “Low-Power Sleep Mode”). Upon entering Sleep mode, the following conditions exist: 1. INTERRUPTS DURING DOZE If an interrupt occurs and the Recover-on-Interrupt (ROI) bit is clear (ROI = 0) at the time of the interrupt, the Interrupt Service Routine (ISR) continues to execute at the rate selected by DOZE<2:0>. Interrupt latency is extended by the DOZE<2:0> ratio. If an interrupt occurs and the ROI bit is set (ROI = 1) at the time of the interrupt, the DOZEN bit is cleared and the CPU executes at full speed. The prefetched instruction is executed and then the interrupt vector sequence is executed. In Figure 8-1, the interrupt occurs during the 2nd instruction cycle of the Doze period, and immediately brings the CPU out of Doze. If the Doze-on-Exit (DOE) bit is set (DOE = 1) when the RETFIE operation is executed, DOZEN is set, and the CPU executes at the reduced rate based on the DOZE<2:0> ratio. WDT will be cleared but keeps running if enabled for operation during Sleep 2. The PD bit of the STATUS register is cleared 3. The TO bit of the STATUS register is set 4. The CPU clock is disabled 5. 31 kHz LFINTOSC, HFINTOSC and SOSC are unaffected and peripherals using them may continue operation in Sleep. 6. Timer1 and peripherals that use it continue to operate in Sleep when the Timer1 clock source selected is: • LFINTOSC • T1CKI • Secondary Oscillator 7. ADC is unaffected if the dedicated ADCRC oscillator is selected 8. I/O ports maintain the status they had before SLEEP was executed (driving high, low, or high-impedance) 9. Resets other than WDT are not affected by Sleep mode Refer to individual chapters for more details on peripheral operation during Sleep. To minimize current consumption, the following conditions should be considered: - I/O pins should not be floating - External circuitry sinking current from I/O pins - Internal circuitry sourcing current from I/O pins - Current draw from pins with internal weak pull-ups - Modules using any oscillator I/O pins that are high-impedance inputs should be pulled to VDD or VSS externally to avoid switching currents caused by floating inputs. Examples of internal circuitry that might be sourcing current include modules such as the DAC and FVR modules. See Section 23.0 “5-bit Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC1) Module” and Section 15.0 “Fixed Voltage Reference (FVR)” for more information on these modules. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 111 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 8.2.1 WAKE-UP FROM SLEEP 8.2.2 The device can wake-up from Sleep through one of the following events: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. External Reset input on MCLR pin, if enabled BOR Reset, if enabled. POR Reset. Watchdog Timer, if enabled Any external interrupt. Interrupts by peripherals capable of running during Sleep (see individual peripheral for more information). The first three events will cause a device Reset. The last three events are considered a continuation of program execution. To determine whether a device Reset or wake-up event occurred, refer to Section 5.11 “Determining the Cause of a Reset”. When the SLEEP instruction is being executed, the next instruction (PC + 1) is prefetched. For the device to wake-up through an interrupt event, the corresponding interrupt enable bit must be enabled. Wake-up will occur regardless of the state of the GIE bit. If the GIE bit is disabled, the device continues execution at the instruction after the SLEEP instruction. If the GIE bit is enabled, the device executes the instruction after the SLEEP instruction, the device will then call the Interrupt Service Routine. In cases where the execution of the instruction following Sleep is not desirable, the user should have a NOP after the SLEEP instruction. WAKE-UP USING INTERRUPTS When global interrupts are disabled (GIE cleared) and any interrupt source, with the exception of the clock switch interrupt, has both its interrupt enable bit and interrupt flag bit set, one of the following will occur: • If the interrupt occurs before the execution of a SLEEP instruction - SLEEP instruction will execute as a NOP - WDT and WDT prescaler will not be cleared - TO bit of the STATUS register will not be set - PD bit of the STATUS register will not be cleared • If the interrupt occurs during or after the execution of a SLEEP instruction - SLEEP instruction will be completely executed - Device will immediately wake-up from Sleep - WDT and WDT prescaler will be cleared - TO bit of the STATUS register will be set - PD bit of the STATUS register will be cleared Even if the flag bits were checked before executing a SLEEP instruction, it may be possible for flag bits to become set before the SLEEP instruction completes. To determine whether a SLEEP instruction executed, test the PD bit. If the PD bit is set, the SLEEP instruction was executed as a NOP. The WDT is cleared when the device wakes-up from Sleep, regardless of the source of wake-up. FIGURE 8-2: WAKE-UP FROM SLEEP THROUGH INTERRUPT Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 CLKIN(1) TOST(3) CLKOUT(2) Interrupt flag Interrupt Latency (4) GIE bit (INTCON reg.) Instruction Flow PC Instruction Fetched Instruction Executed Note 1: 2: 3: 4: Processor in Sleep PC Inst(PC) = Sleep Inst(PC - 1) PC + 1 PC + 2 PC + 2 Inst(PC + 1) Inst(PC + 2) Sleep Inst(PC + 1) PC + 2 Forced NOP 0004h 0005h Inst(0004h) Inst(0005h) Forced NOP Inst(0004h) External clock. High, Medium, Low mode assumed. CLKOUT is shown here for timing reference. TOST = 1024 TOSC. This delay does not apply to EC and INTOSC Oscillator modes. GIE = 1 assumed. In this case after wake-up, the processor calls the ISR at 0004h. If GIE = 0, execution will continue in-line. DS40001795B-page 112 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 8.2.3 LOW-POWER SLEEP MODE 8.2.4 The PIC16F18325/18345 device contains an internal Low Dropout (LDO) voltage regulator, which allows the device I/O pins to operate at voltages up to 5.5V while the internal device logic operates at a lower voltage. The LDO and its associated reference circuitry must remain active when the device is in Sleep mode. The PIC16F18325/18345 allows the user to optimize the operating current in Sleep, depending on the application requirements. Low-Power Sleep mode can be selected by setting the VREGPM<1:0> bits of the VREGCON register. Depending on the configuration of these bits, the LDO and reference circuitry are placed in a low-power state when the device is in Sleep. 8.2.3.1 Sleep Current vs. Wake-up Time In the default operating mode, the LDO and reference circuitry remain in the normal configuration while in Sleep. The device is able to exit Sleep mode quickly since all circuits remain active. In Low-Power Sleep mode, when waking-up from Sleep, an extra delay time is required for these circuits to return to the normal configuration and stabilize. The Low-Power Sleep mode is beneficial for applications that stay in Sleep mode for long periods of time. The Normal mode is beneficial for applications that need to wake from Sleep quickly and frequently. 8.2.3.2 Peripheral Usage in Sleep Some peripherals that can operate in Sleep mode will not operate properly with the Low-Power Sleep mode selected. The Low-Power Sleep mode is intended for use with these peripherals: • • • • IDLE MODE When the Idle Enable (IDLEN) bit is clear (IDLEN = 0), the SLEEP instruction will put the device into full Sleep mode (see Section 8.2 “Sleep Mode”). When IDLEN is set (IDLEN = 1), the SLEEP instruction will put the device into Idle mode. In Idle mode, the CPU and memory operations are halted, but the peripheral clocks continue to run. This mode is similar to Doze mode, except that in IDLE both the CPU and program memory are shut off. Note: Peripherals using FOSC will continue running while in Idle (but not in Sleep). Note: If CLKOUT is enabled (CLKOUT = 0, Configuration Word 1), the output will continue operating while in Idle. 8.2.4.1 Idle and Interrupts Idle mode ends when an interrupt occurs (even if GIE = 0), but IDLEN is not changed. The device can re-enter IDLE by executing the SLEEP instruction. If Recover-on-Interrupt is enabled (ROI = 1), the interrupt that brings the device out of Idle also restores full-speed CPU execution when DOZE is also enabled. 8.2.4.2 Idle and WDT When in Idle, the WDT Reset is blocked and will instead wake the device. The WDT wake-up is not an interrupt, therefore ROI does not apply. Note: Brown-out Reset (BOR) Watchdog Timer (WDT) External interrupt pin/Interrupt-on-change pins Timer 1 (with external clock source) The WDT can bring the device out of Idle, in the same way it brings the device out of Sleep. The DOZEN bit is not affected. It is the responsibility of the end user to determine what is acceptable for their application when setting the VREGPM settings in order to ensure operation in Sleep. Note: The PIC16LF18325/18345 does not have a configurable Low-Power Sleep mode. PIC16LF18325/18345 is an unregulated device and is always in the lowest power state when in Sleep, with no wake-up time penalty. This device has a lower maximum VDD and I/O voltage than the PIC16F18325/18345. See Section 34.0 “Electrical Specifications” for more information. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 113 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 8.3 Register Definitions: Voltage Regulator Control VREGCON: VOLTAGE REGULATOR CONTROL REGISTER(1) REGISTER 8-1: U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 — — — — — — R/W-0/0 R/W-1/1 VREGPM<1:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-2 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 1-0 VREGPM<1:0>: Voltage Regulator Power Mode Selection bits 11 = Lowest Power mode; LDO is off; Band gap generator is on only if needed by peripherals; longest wake-up time 10 = Low-Power mode; LDO is off; Band gap generator is on 01 = Normal-Power mode (Reset default); LDO supplying low power 00 = High-Power mode; LDO supplying highest power; fastest wake-up time Note 1: PIC16F18325/18345 only. REGISTER 8-2: R/W-0/u CPUDOZE: DOZE AND IDLE REGISTER R/W/HC/HS-0/0 (1,2) IDLEN DOZEN R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 U-0 ROI DOE — R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 DOZE<2:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7 IDLEN: Idle Enable bit 1 = A SLEEP instruction inhibits the CPU clock, but not the peripheral clock(s) 0 = A SLEEP instruction places the device into Full-Sleep mode bit 6 DOZEN: Doze Enable bit(1,2) 1 = The CPU executes instruction cycles according to DOZE setting. 0 = The CPU executes all instruction cycles (fastest, highest power operation). bit 5 ROI: Recover-on-Interrupt bit 1 = Entering the Interrupt Service Routine (ISR) makes DOZEN = 0 bit, bringing the CPU to full-speed operation. 0 = Interrupt entry does not change DOZEN bit 4 DOE: Doze-on-Exit bit 1 = Executing RETFIE makes DOZEN = 1, bringing the CPU to reduced speed operation. 0 = RETFIE does not change DOZEN bit 3 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’. bit 2-0 DOZE<2:0>: Ratio of CPU Instruction Cycles to Peripheral Instruction Cycles 111 = 1:256 110 = 1:128 101 = 1:64 100 = 1:32 011 = 1:16 010 = 1:8 001 = 1:4 000 = 1:2 Note 1: 2: When ROI = 1 or DOE = 1, DOZEN is changed by hardware interrupt entry and/or exit. Entering ICD overrides DOZEN, returning the CPU to full execution speed; this bit is not affected. DS40001795B-page 114 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 TABLE 8-1: SUMMARY OF REGISTERS ASSOCIATED WITH POWER-DOWN MODE Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Register on Page GIE PEIE — — — — — INTEDG 98 PIE0 — — TMR0IE IOCIE — — — INTE 99 PIE1 TMR1GIE ADIE RCIE TXIE SSP1IE BCL1IE TMR2IE TMR1IE 100 PIE2 TMR6IE C2IE C1IE NVMIE SSP2IE BCL2IE TMR4IE NCO1IE 101 PIE3 OSFIE CSWIE TMR3GIE TMR3IE CLC4IE CLC3IE CLC2IE CLC1IE 102 PIE4 CWG2IE CWG1IE TMR5GIE TMR5IE CCP4IE CCP3IE CCP2IE CCP1IE 103 PIR0 — — TMR0IF IOCIF — — — INTF 104 PIR1 TMR1GIF ADIF RCIF TXIF SSP1IF BCL1IF TMR2IF TMR1IF 105 PIR2 TMR6IF C2IF C1IF NVMIF SSP2IF BCL2IF TMR4IF NCO1IF 106 PIR3 OSFIF CSWIF TMR3GIF TMR3IF CLC4IF CLC3IF CLC2IF CLC1IF 107 PIR4 CWG2IF CWG1IF CCP2IF CCP1IF 108 IOCAP — — IOCAP5 IOCAP4 IOCAP3 IOCAP2 IOCAP1 IOCAP0 172 IOCAN — — IOCAN5 IOCAN4 IOCAN3 IOCAN2 IOCAN1 IOCAN0 172 IOCAF — — IOCAF5 IOCAF4 IOCAF3 IOCAF2 IOCAF1 IOCAF0 173 Name INTCON TMR5GIF TMR5IF CCP4IF CCP3IF (1) IOCBP7 IOCBP6 IOCBP5 IOCBP4 — — — — 173 (1) IOCBN IOCBN7 IOCBN6 IOCBN5 IOCBN4 — — — — 174 IOCBF(1) IOCBF7 IOCBF6 IOCBF5 IOCBF4 — — — — 174 (1) IOCCP6(1) IOCCP5 IOCCP4 IOCCP3 IOCCP2 IOCCP1 IOCCP0 175 (1) IOCCN6(1) IOCCN5 IOCCN4 IOCCN3 IOCCN2 IOCCN1 IOCCN0 175 (1) IOCCF6(1) IOCCF5 IOCCF4 IOCCF3 IOCCF2 IOCCF1 IOCCF0 176 — — — TO PD Z DC C 27 VREGCON — — — — — — VREGPM<1:0> 114 CPUDOZE IDLEN DOZEN ROI DOE WDTCON — — IOCBP IOCCP IOCCP7 IOCCN IOCCN7 IOCCF IOCCF7 STATUS (2) Legend: Note 1: 2: — WDTPS<4:0> DOZE<2:0> 114 SWDTEN 118 — = unimplemented location, read as ‘0’. Shaded cells are not used in Power-Down mode. PIC16(L)F18345 only. PIC16F18325/18345 only. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 115 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 9.0 WATCHDOG TIMER (WDT) The Watchdog Timer is a system timer that generates a Reset if the firmware does not issue a CLRWDT instruction within the time-out period. The Watchdog Timer is typically used to recover the system from unexpected events. The WDT has the following features: • Independent clock source • Multiple operating modes - WDT is always on - WDT is off when in Sleep - WDT is controlled by software - WDT is always off • Configurable time-out period is from 1 ms to 256 seconds (nominal) • Multiple Reset conditions • Operation during Sleep FIGURE 9-1: WATCHDOG TIMER BLOCK DIAGRAM WDTE<1:0> = 01 SWDTEN WDTE<1:0> = 11 LFINTOSC 23-bit Programmable Prescaler WDT WDT Time-out WDTE<1:0> = 10 Sleep DS40001795B-page 116 WDTPS<4:0> Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 9.1 Independent Clock Source 9.3 Time-out Period The WDT derives its time base from the 31 kHz LFINTOSC internal oscillator. Time intervals in this chapter are based on a nominal interval of 1 ms. See Table 34-8 for the LFINTOSC specification. The WDTPS<4:0> bits of the WDTCON register set the time-out period from 1 ms to 256 seconds (nominal). After a Reset, the default time-out period is two seconds. 9.2 9.4 WDT Operating Modes The Watchdog Timer module has four operating modes controlled by the WDTE<1:0> bits in Configuration Words. See Table 9-1. 9.2.1 WDT IS ALWAYS ON When the WDTE bits of Configuration Words are set to ‘11’, the WDT is always on. WDT protection is active during Sleep. 9.2.2 WDT IS OFF IN SLEEP Clearing the WDT The WDT is cleared when any of the following conditions occur: • • • • • • • Any Reset CLRWDT instruction is executed Device enters Sleep Device wakes up from Sleep Oscillator fail WDT is disabled Oscillator Start-up Timer (OST) is running When the WDTE bits of Configuration Words are set to ‘10’, the WDT is on, except in Sleep. See Table 9-2 for more information. WDT protection is not active during Sleep. 9.5 9.2.3 WDT CONTROLLED BY SOFTWARE When the WDTE bits of Configuration Words are set to ‘01’, the WDT is controlled by the SWDTEN bit of the WDTCON register. WDT protection is unchanged by Sleep. See Table 9-1 for more details. TABLE 9-1: WDT OPERATING MODES WDTE<1:0> SWDTEN Device Mode 11 X X Active 10 X Awake Active Sleep Disabled 1 01 0 00 TABLE 9-2: X X X WDT Mode Operation During Sleep When the device enters Sleep, the WDT is cleared. If the WDT is enabled during Sleep, the WDT resumes counting. When the device exits Sleep, the WDT is cleared again. The WDT remains clear until the OST, if enabled, completes. See Section 6.0 “Oscillator Module (with Fail-Safe Clock Monitor)” for more information on the OST. When a WDT time-out occurs while the device is in Sleep, no Reset is generated. Instead, the device wakes up and resumes operation. The TO and PD bits in the STATUS register are changed to indicate the event. See STATUS Register (Register 3-1) for more information. Active Disabled Disabled WDT CLEARING CONDITIONS Conditions WDT WDTE = 00 Cleared and Disabled WDTE = 01 and SWDTEN = 0 Exit Sleep due to a Reset + System Clock = XT, HS, LP Exit Sleep due to a Reset + System Clock = HFINTOSC, LFINTOSC, EC, SOSC Cleared until the end of OST Exit Sleep due to an interrupt Enter Sleep CLRWDT Command Cleared Oscillator Failure (see Section 6.4 “Fail-Safe Clock Monitor”) System Reset Any clock switch or divider change (see Section 6.3 “Clock Switching”) 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary Unaffected DS40001795B-page 117 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 9.6 Register Definitions: Watchdog Control REGISTER 9-1: WDTCON: WATCHDOG TIMER CONTROL REGISTER U-0 U-0 — — R/W-0/0 R/W-1/1 R/W-0/0 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 WDTPS<4:0>(1) R/W-0/0 SWDTEN bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -m/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-6 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 5-1 WDTPS<4:0>: Watchdog Timer Period Select bits(1) Bit Value = Prescale Rate 11111 = Reserved. Results in minimum interval (1:32) • • • 10011 = Reserved. Results in minimum interval (1:32) 10010 10001 10000 01111 01110 01101 01100 01011 01010 01001 01000 00111 00110 00101 00100 00011 00010 00001 00000 bit 0 Note 1: = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = 1:8388608 (223) (Interval 256s nominal) 1:4194304 (222) (Interval 128s nominal) 1:2097152 (221) (Interval 64s nominal) 1:1048576 (220) (Interval 32s nominal) 1:524288 (219) (Interval 16s nominal) 1:262144 (218) (Interval 8s nominal) 1:131072 (217) (Interval 4s nominal) 1:65536 (Interval 2s nominal) (Reset value) 1:32768 (Interval 1s nominal) 1:16384 (Interval 512 ms nominal) 1:8192 (Interval 256 ms nominal) 1:4096 (Interval 128 ms nominal) 1:2048 (Interval 64 ms nominal) 1:1024 (Interval 32 ms nominal) 1:512 (Interval 16 ms nominal) 1:256 (Interval 8 ms nominal) 1:128 (Interval 4 ms nominal) 1:64 (Interval 2 ms nominal) 1:32 (Interval 1 ms nominal) SWDTEN: Software Enable/Disable for Watchdog Timer bit If WDTE<1:0> = 1x: This bit is ignored. If WDTE<1:0> = 01: 1 = WDT is turned on 0 = WDT is turned off If WDTE<1:0> = 00: This bit is ignored. Times are approximate. WDT time is based on 31 kHz LFINTOSC. DS40001795B-page 118 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 TABLE 9-3: SUMMARY OF REGISTERS ASSOCIATED WITH WATCHDOG TIMER Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Register on Page STATUS — — — TO PD Z DC C 27 WDTCON — — SWDTEN 118 Name WDTPS<4:0> Legend: x = unknown, u = unchanged, – = unimplemented locations read as ‘0’. Shaded cells are not used by Watchdog Timer. TABLE 9-4: Name CONFIG2 SUMMARY OF CONFIGURATION WORD WITH WATCHDOG TIMER Bits Bit -/7 Bit -/6 Bit 13/5 Bit 12/4 Bit 11/3 Bit 10/2 Bit 9/1 Bit 8/0 13:8 — — DEBUG STVREN PPS1WAY — BORV — — WDTE1 7:0 BOREN1 BOREN0 LPBOREN WDTE0 PWRTE MCLRE Register on Page 61 Legend: — = unimplemented location, read as ‘0’. Shaded cells are not used by Watchdog Timer. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 119 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 10.0 NONVOLATILE MEMORY (NVM) CONTROL TABLE 10-1: NVM is separated into two types: Program Flash Memory and Data EEPROM. NVM is accessible by using both the FSR and INDF registers, or through the NVMREG register interface. The write time is controlled by an on-chip timer. The write/erase voltages are generated by an on-chip charge pump rated to operate over the operating voltage range of the device. NVM can be protected in two ways; by either code protection or write protection. Code protection (CP and CPD bits in Configuration Word 4) disables access, reading and writing, to both the program Flash memory and EEPROM via external device programmers. Code protection does not affect the self-write and erase functionality. Code protection can only be Reset by a device programmer performing a Bulk Erase to the device, clearing all nonvolatile memory, Configuration bits, and user IDs. Write protection prohibits self-write and erase to a portion or all of the program Flash memory, as defined by the WRT<1:0> bits of Configuration Word 3. Write protection does not affect a device programmer’s ability to read, write, or erase the device. 10.1 Device PIC16(L)F18325 PIC16(L)F18345 Note: 10.1.1 • CPU instruction fetch (read-only) • FSR/INDF indirect access (read-only) (Section 10.3 “FSR and INDF Access”) • NVMREG access (Section 10.4 “NVMREG Access” • In-Circuit Serial Programming (ICSP™) 32 32 To modify only a portion of a previously programmed row, then the contents of the entire row must be read and saved in RAM prior to the erase. Then, the new data and retained data can be written into the write latches to reprogram the row of program Flash memory. However, any unprogrammed locations can be written without first erasing the row. In this case, it is not necessary to save and rewrite the other previously programmed locations PROGRAM MEMORY VOLTAGES The program Flash memory is readable and writable during normal operation over the full VDD range. 10.1.1.1 Programming Externally The program memory cell and control logic support write and Bulk Erase operations down to the minimum device operating voltage. Special BOR operation is enabled during Bulk Erase (Section “BOR protection is unchanged by Sleep.”). Read operations return a single word of memory. When write and erase operations are done on a row basis, the row size is defined in Table 10-1. Program Flash memory will erase to a logic ‘1’ and program to a logic ‘0’. DS40001795B-page 120 Write Latches (words) After a row has been erased, all or a portion of this row can be programmed. Data to be written into the program memory row is written to 14-bit wide data write latches. These latches are not directly accessible to the user, but may be loaded via sequential writes to the NVMDATH:NVMDATL register pair. Program Flash memory consists of 8192 14-bit words as user memory, with additional words for user ID information, Configuration Words, and interrupt vectors. Program Flash memory provides storage locations for: Program Flash memory data can be read and/or written to through: Row Erase (words) It is important to understand the program Flash memory structure for erase and programming operations. Program Flash memory is arranged in rows. A row consists of 32 14-bit program memory words. A row is the minimum size that can be erased by user software. Program Flash Memory • User program instructions • User defined data FLASH MEMORY ORGANIZATION BY DEVICE 10.1.1.2 Self-Programming The program memory cell and control logic will support write and row erase operations across the entire VDD range. Bulk Erase is not supported when self-programming. Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 10.2 Data EEPROM 10.3 Data EEPROM consists of 256 bytes of user data memory. The EEPROM provides storage locations for 8-bit user defined data. EEPROM can be read and/or written through: FSR and INDF Access The FSR and INDF registers allow indirect access to the program Flash memory or EEPROM. 10.3.1 FSR READ With the intended address loaded into an FSR register, a MOVIW instruction or read of INDF will read data from the program Flash memory or EEPROM. • FSR/INDF indirect access (Section 10.3 “FSR and INDF Access”) • NVMREG access (Section 10.4 “NVMREG Access”) • In-Circuit Serial Programming (ICSP) Unlike program Flash memory, which must be written to by row, EEPROM can be written to word by word. Reading from NVM requires one instruction cycle. The CPU operation is suspended during the read, and resumes immediately after. Read operations return a single word of memory. 10.3.2 FSR WRITE Writing/erasing the NVM through the FSR registers (ex. MOVWI instruction) is not supported in the PIC16(L)F18325/18345 devices. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 121 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 10.4 NVMREG Access The NVMREG interface allows read/write access to all the locations accessible by FSRs, and also read/write access to the user ID locations, and read-only access to the device identification, revision, and Configuration data. NVMDATH:NVMDATL register pair will hold this value until another read or until it is written to by the user. Upon completion, the RD bit is cleared by hardware. FIGURE 10-1: Reading, writing, or erasing of NVM via the NVMREG interface is prevented when the device is code-protected. 10.4.1 NVMREG READ OPERATION To read a NVM location using the NVMREG interface, the user must: 1. 2. 3. Start Read Operation Select Memory: Program Flash Memory, EEPROM, Config. Words, User ID (NVMREGS) Clear the NVMREGS bit of the NVMCON1 register if the user intends to access program Flash memory locations, or set NVMREGS if the user intends to access user ID, Configuration, or EEPROM locations. Write the desired address into the NVMADRH:NVMADRL register pair (Table 10-2). Set the RD bit of the NVMCON1 register to initiate the read. Once the read control bit is set, the CPU operation is suspended during the read, and resumes immediately after. The data is available in the very next cycle, in the NVMDATH:NVMDATL register pair; therefore, it can be read as two bytes in the following instructions. EXAMPLE 10-1: PROGRAM FLASH MEMORY READ FLOWCHART Select Word Address (NVMADRH:NVMADRL) Initiate Read Operation (RD = 1) Data read now in NVMDATH:NVMDATL End Read Operation PROGRAM FLASH MEMORY READ * This code block will read 1 word of program * memory at the memory address: PROG_ADDR_HI : PROG_ADDR_LO * data will be returned in the variables; * PROG_DATA_HI, PROG_DATA_LO BANKSEL MOVLW MOVWF MOVLW MOVWF NVMADRL PROG_ADDR_LO NVMADRL PROG_ADDR_HI NVMADRH ; Select Bank for NVMCON registers ; ; Store LSB of address ; ; Store MSB of address BCF BSF NVMCON1,NVMREGS NVMCON1,RD ; Do not select Configuration Space ; Initiate read MOVF MOVWF MOVF MOVWF NVMDATL,W PROG_DATA_LO NVMDATH,W PROG_DATA_HI ; ; ; ; DS40001795B-page 122 Get LSB of word Store in user location Get MSB of word Store in user location Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 10.4.2 NVM UNLOCK SEQUENCE FIGURE 10-2: The unlock sequence is a mechanism that protects the NVM from unintended self-write programming or erasing. The sequence must be executed and completed without interruption to successfully complete any of the following operations: Start Unlock Sequence • Program Flash Memory Row Erase • Load of Program Flash Memory write latches • Write of Program Flash Memory write latches to Program Flash Memory memory • Write of Program Flash Memory write latches to user IDs • Write to EEPROM Write 55h to NVMCON2 The unlock sequence consists of the following steps and must be completed in order: Write AAh to NVMCON2 • Write 55h to NVMCON2 • Write AAh to NMVCON2 • Set the WR bit of NVMCON1 Initiate Write or Erase Operation (WR = 1) Once the WR bit is set, the processor will stall internal operations until the operation is complete and then resume with the next instruction. NOP Instruction (not required for PIC16(L)F18325/18345 devices) The two NOP instructions after setting the WR bit, which were required in previous devices, are not required for PIC16(L)F18325/18345 devices. See Figure 10-2. Note: NVM UNLOCK SEQUENCE FLOWCHART NOP Instruction (not required for PIC16(L)F18325/18345 devices) Since the unlock sequence must not be interrupted, global interrupts should be disabled prior to the unlock sequence and re-enabled after the unlock sequence is completed. End Unlock Operation EXAMPLE 10-2: NVM UNLOCK SEQUENCE BANKSEL BSF MOVLW BCF NVMCON1 NVMCON1,WREN 55h INTCON,GIE ; Enable write/erase ; Load 55h ; Recommended so sequence is not interrupted MOVWF MOVLW MOVWF BSF NVMCON2 AAh NVMCON2 NVMCON1,WR ; ; ; ; BSF INTCON,GIE ; Re-enable interrupts Step Step Step Step 1: 2: 3: 4: Load 55h into NVMCON2 Load W with AAh Load AAh into NVMCON2 Set WR bit to begin write/erase Note 1: Sequence begins when NVMCON2 is written; steps 1-4 must occur in the cycle-accurate order shown. 2: Opcodes shown are illustrative; any instruction that has the indicated effect may be used. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 123 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 10.4.3 NVMREG WRITE TO EEPROM FIGURE 10-3: Writing to the EEPROM is accomplished by the following steps: 1. 2. 3. Set the NVMREGS and WREN bits of the NVMCON1 register. Write the desired address (address +7000h) into the NVMADRH:NVMADRL register pair (Table 10-2). Perform the unlock sequence as described in Section 10.4.2 “NVM Unlock Sequence”. A single EEPROM word is written with NVMDATA. The operation includes an implicit erase cycle for that word (it is not necessary to set the FREE bit), and requires many instruction cycles to finish. CPU execution continues in parallel and, when complete, WR is cleared by hardware, NVMIF is set, and an interrupt will occur if NVMIE is also set. Software must poll the WR bit to determine when writing is complete, or wait for the interrupt to occur. WREN will remain unchanged. Once the EEPROM write operation begins, clearing the WR bit will have no effect; the operation will continue to run to completion. 10.4.4 NVMREG ERASE OF PROGRAM FLASH MEMORY Before writing to program Flash memory, the word(s) to be written must be erased or previously unwritten. Program Flash memory can only be erased one row at a time. No automatic erase occurs upon the initiation of the write to program Flash memory. NVM ERASE FLOWCHART Start Erase Operation Select Memory: Program Flash Memory, Config. Words, User ID (NVMREGS) Select Word Address (NVMADRH:NVMADRL) Select Erase Operation (FREE = 1) Enable Write/Erase Operation (WREN = 1) Disable Interrupts (GIE = 0) Unlock Sequence (Figure 10-2) CPU stalls while Erase operation completes (2 ms typical) To erase a program Flash memory row: 1. 2. 3. 4. Clear the NVMREGS bit of the NVMCON1 register to erase program Flash memory locations, or set the NVMREGS bit to erase user ID locations. Write the desired address into the NVMADRH:NVMADRL register pair (Table 10-2). Set the FREE and WREN bits of the NVMCON1 register. Perform the unlock sequence as described in Section 10.4.2 “NVM Unlock Sequence”. Enable Interrupts (GIE = 1) Disable Write/Erase Operation (WREN = 0) End Erase Operation If the program Flash memory address is write-protected, the WR bit will be cleared and the erase operation will not take place. While erasing program Flash memory, CPU operation is suspended, and resumes when the operation is complete. Upon completion, the NVMIF is set, and an interrupt will occur if the NVMIE bit is also set. Write latch data is not affected by erase operations, and WREN will remain unchanged. DS40001795B-page 124 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 EXAMPLE 10-3: ERASING ONE ROW OF PROGRAM FLASH MEMORY ; This sample row erase routine assumes the following: ; 1.A valid address within the erase row is loaded in variables ADDRH:ADDRL ; 2.ADDRH and ADDRL are located in common RAM (locations 0x70 - 0x7F) BANKSEL MOVF MOVWF MOVF MOVWF BCF BSF BSF BCF NVMADRL ADDRL,W NVMADRL ADDRH,W NVMADRH NVMCON1,NVMREGS NVMCON1,FREE NVMCON1,WREN INTCON,GIE ; Load lower 8 bits of erase address boundary ; ; ; ; ; Load upper 6 bits of erase address boundary Choose Program Flash Memory area Specify an erase operation Enable writes Disable interrupts during unlock sequence ; -------------------------------REQUIRED UNLOCK SEQUENCE:-----------------------------MOVLW MOVWF MOVLW MOVWF BSF 55h NVMCON2 AAh NVMCON2 NVMCON1,WR ; ; ; ; ; Load 55h to get ready for unlock sequence First step is to load 55h into NVMCON2 Second step is to load AAh into W Third step is to load AAh into NVMCON2 Final step is to set WR bit ; -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------BSF BCF TABLE 10-2: INTCON,GIE NVMCON1,WREN ; Re-enable interrupts, erase is complete ; Disable writes NVM ORGANIZATION AND ACCESS INFORMATION Master Values NVMREG Access FSR Access Memory Function Program Counter (PC), ICSP™ Address Reset Vector 0000h 0 0000h 8000h User Memory 0001h 0 0001h 8001h 0003h INT Vector User Memory 0004h Memory Type Program Flash Memory 0005h NVMREGS NVMADR Allowed bit <14:0> Operations (NVMCON1) 0003h 0 0 17FFh User ID Reserved Program Flash Memory 1 — 0004h 0005h 8005h FFFFh 0003h READ — 0004h 1 0005h Device ID 1 0006h 1 0007h 1 0008h 1 0009h CONFIG2 Program Flash Memory CONFIG3 CONFIG4 User Memory 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. FSR Programming Address READ-ONLY 0000h — No PC Address 8003h 8004h 17FFh Rev ID CONFIG1 READ WRITE FSR Address No Access READ 000Ah EEPROM 1 7000h READ F000h 70FFh WRITE F0FFh Preliminary READ-ONLY DS40001795B-page 125 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 10.4.5 NVMREG WRITE TO PROGRAM FLASH MEMORY 1. 2. Program memory is programmed using the following steps: 1. 2. 3. 4. Load the address of the row to be programmed into NVMADRH:NVMADRL. Load each write latch with data. Initiate a programming operation. Repeat steps 1 through 3 until all data is written. Before writing to program memory, the word(s) to be written must be erased or previously unwritten. Program memory can only be erased one row at a time. No automatic erase occurs upon the initiation of the write. Program memory can be written one or more words at a time. The maximum number of words written at one time is equal to the number of write latches. See Figure 10-4 (row writes to program memory with 32 write latches) for more details. The write latches are aligned to the Flash row address boundary defined by the upper ten bits of NVMADRH:NVMADRL, (NVMADRH<6:0>:NVMADRL<7:5>) with the lower five bits of NVMADRL, (NVMADRL<4:0>) determining the write latch being loaded. Write operations do not cross these boundaries. At the completion of a program memory write operation, the data in the write latches is reset to contain 0x3FFF. The following steps should be completed to load the write latches and program a row of program memory. These steps are divided into two parts. First, each write latch is loaded with data from the NVMDATH:NVMDATL using the unlock sequence with LWLO = 1. When the last word to be loaded into the write latch is ready, the LWLO bit is cleared and the unlock sequence executed. This initiates the programming operation, writing all the latches into Flash program memory. Note: The special unlock sequence is required to load a write latch with data or initiate a Flash programming operation. If the unlock sequence is interrupted, writing to the latches or program memory will not be initiated. DS40001795B-page 126 Set the WREN bit of the NVMCON1 register. Clear the NVMREGS bit of the NVMCON1 register. 3. Set the LWLO bit of the NVMCON1 register. When the LWLO bit of the NVMCON1 register is ‘1’, the write sequence will only load the write latches and will not initiate the write to Flash program memory. 4. Load the NVMADRH:NVMADRL register pair with the address of the location to be written. 5. Load the NVMDATH:NVMDATL register pair with the program memory data to be written. 6. Execute the unlock sequence (Section 10.4.2 “NVM Unlock Sequence”). The write latch is now loaded. 7. Increment the NVMADRH:NVMADRL register pair to point to the next location. 8. Repeat steps 5 through 7 until all but the last write latch has been loaded. 9. Clear the LWLO bit of the NVMCON1 register. When the LWLO bit of the NVMCON1 register is ‘0’, the write sequence will initiate the write to Flash program memory. 10. Load the NVMDATH:NVMDATL register pair with the program memory data to be written. 11. Execute the unlock sequence (Section 10.4.2 “NVM Unlock Sequence”). The entire program memory latch content is now written to Flash program memory. Note: The program memory write latches are reset to the blank state (0x3FFF) at the completion of every write or erase operation. As a result, it is not necessary to load all the program memory write latches. Unloaded latches will remain in the blank state. An example of the complete write sequence is shown in Example 10-4. The initial address is loaded into the NVMADRH:NVMADRL register pair; the data is loaded using indirect addressing. Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. FIGURE 10-4: 7 6 - r9 BLOCK WRITES TO PROGRAM FLASH MEMORY WITH 32 WRITE LATCHES 0 7 5 4 NVMADRH r8 r7 r6 r5 r4 0 7 NVMADRL r3 r2 r1 r0 c4 c3 - c2 c1 5 - 0 7 NVMDATH 0 NVMDATL 6 c0 8 14 Program Memory Write Latches 5 10 14 NVMADRL<4:0> Write Latch #0 00h 14 14 14 Row Addr Addr Addr Addr 000h 0000h 0001h 001Eh 001Fh 001h 0020h 0021h 003Eh 003Fh 002h 0040h 0041h 005Eh 005Fh 3FEh 7FC0h 7FC1h 7FDEh 7FDFh 3FFh 7FE0h 7FE1h 7FFEh 7FFFh Program Flash Memory DS40001795B-page 127 400h NVMREGS = 1 14 Write Latch #31 1Fh 8000h - 8003h 8004h USER ID 0 - 3 reserved 8005h -8006h DEVICE ID Dev / Rev 8007h – 800Ah 800Bh - 801Fh Configuration Words reserved Configuration Memory PIC16(L)F18325/18345 Preliminary NVMADRH<6:0> NVMADRL<7:5> Row Address Decode 14 Write Latch #30 1Eh Write Latch #1 01h 14 NVMREGS = 0 14 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 FIGURE 10-5: PROGRAM FLASH MEMORY WRITE FLOWCHART Start Write Operation Determine number of words to be written into PFM or Configuration Memory. The number of words cannot exceed the number of words per row (word_cnt) Load the value to write (NVMDATH:NVMDATL) Update the word counter (word_cnt--) Write Latches to PFM (LWLO = 0) Select PFM or Config. Memory (NVMREGS) Last word to write? No Select Row Address (NVMADRH:NVMADRL) Select Write Operation (FREE = 0) Disable Interrupts (GIE = 0) Yes Disable Interrupts (GIE = 0) Unlock Sequence (Figure 10-2) Unlock Sequence (Figure 10-2) CPU stalls while Write operation completes (2 ms typical) Load Write Latches Only (LWLO = 1) No delay when writing to PFM Latches Enable Write/Erase Operation (WREN = 1) Re-enable Interrupts (GIE = 1) Re-enable Interrupts (GIE = 1) Increment Address (NVMADRH:NVMADRL++) DS40001795B-page 128 Preliminary Disable Write/Erase Operation (WREN = 0) End Write Operation 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 EXAMPLE 10-4: ; ; ; ; ; ; ; WRITING TO PROGRAM FLASH MEMORY This write routine assumes the following: 1. 64 bytes of data are loaded, starting at the address in DATA_ADDR 2. Each word of data to be written is made up of two adjacent bytes in DATA_ADDR, stored in little endian format 3. A valid starting address (the least significant bits = 00000) is loaded in ADDRH:ADDRL 4. ADDRH and ADDRL are located in common RAM (locations 0x70 - 0x7F) 5. NVM interrupts are not taken into account BANKSEL MOVF MOVWF MOVF MOVWF MOVLW MOVWF MOVLW MOVWF BCF BSF BSF NVMADRH ADDRH,W NVMADRH ADDRL,W NVMADRL LOW DATA_ADDR FSR0L HIGH DATA_ADDR FSR0H NVMCON1,NVMREGS NVMCON1,WREN NVMCON1,LWLO MOVIW MOVWF MOVIW MOVWF FSR0++ NVMDATL FSR0++ NVMDATH MOVF XORLW ANDLW BTFSC GOTO NVMADRL,W 0x1F 0x1F STATUS,Z START_WRITE CALL INCF GOTO UNLOCK_SEQ NVMADRL,F LOOP ; If not, go load latch ; Increment address NVMCON1,LWLO UNLOCK_SEQ NVMCON1,WREN ; Latch writes complete, now write memory ; Perform required unlock sequence ; Disable writes ; Load initial address ; Load initial data address ; Set Program Flash Memory as write location ; Enable writes ; Load only write latches LOOP START_WRITE BCF CALL BCF UNLOCK_SEQ MOVLW BCF MOVWF MOVLW MOVWF BSF BSF return 55h INTCON,GIE NVMCON2 AAh NVMCON2 NVMCON1,WR INTCON,GIE 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. ; Load first data byte ; Load second data byte ; ; ; ; Check if lower bits of address are 00000 and if on last of 32 addresses Last of 32 words? If so, go write latches into memory ; Disable interrupts ; Begin unlock sequence ; Unlock sequence complete, re-enable interrupts Preliminary DS40001795B-page 129 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 10.4.6 MODIFYING PROGRAM FLASH MEMORY When modifying existing data in a program memory row, and data within that row must be preserved, it must first be read and saved in a RAM image. Program memory is modified using the following steps: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Load the starting address of the row to be modified. Read the existing data from the row into a RAM image. Modify the RAM image to contain the new data to be written into program memory. Load the starting address of the row to be rewritten. Erase the program memory row. Load the write latches with data from the RAM image. Initiate a programming operation. FIGURE 10-6: PROGRAM FLASH MEMORY MODIFY FLOWCHART Start Modify Operation Read Operation (Figure10-1 x.x) Figure An image of the entire row read must be stored in RAM Modify Image The words to be modified are changed in the RAM image Erase Operation (Figure10-3 x.x) Figure Write Operation use RAM image (Figure10-5 x.x) Figure End Modify Operation DS40001795B-page 130 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 10.4.7 NVMREG EEPROM, USER ID, DEVICE ID AND CONFIGURATION WORD ACCESS Instead of accessing program Flash memory, the EEPROM, the user ID’s, Device ID/Revision ID and Configuration Words can be accessed when NVMREGS = 1 in the NVMCON1 register. This is the region that would be pointed to by PC<15> = 1, but not all addresses are accessible. Different access may exist for reads and writes. Refer to Table 10-3. When read access is initiated on an address outside the parameters listed in Table 10-3, the NVMDATH: NVMDATL register pair is cleared, reading back ‘0’s. TABLE 10-3: EEPROM, USER ID, DEV/REV ID AND CONFIGURATION WORD ACCESS (NVMREGS = 1) Address Function Read Access Write Access 8000h-8003h User IDs Yes Yes 8005h-8006h Device ID/Revision ID Yes No 8007h-800Ah Configuration Words 1-4 Yes No F000h-F0FFh EEPROM Yes Yes 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 131 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 EXAMPLE 10-5: ; ; ; ; ; ; ; DEVICE ID ACCESS This write routine assumes the following: 1. 64 bytes of data are loaded, starting at the address in DATA_ADDR 2. Each word of data to be written is made up of two adjacent bytes in DATA_ADDR, stored in little endian format 3. A valid starting address (the least significant bits = 00000) is loaded in ADDRH:ADDRL 4. ADDRH and ADDRL are located in common RAM (locations 0x70 - 0x7F) 5. NVM interrupts are not taken into account BANKSEL MOVF MOVWF MOVF MOVWF MOVLW MOVWF MOVLW MOVWF BCF BSF BSF NVMADRH ADDRH,W NVMADRH ADDRL,W NVMADRL LOW DATA_ADDR FSR0L HIGH DATA_ADDR FSR0H NVMCON1,NVMREGS NVMCON1,WREN NVMCON1,LWLO MOVIW MOVWF MOVIW MOVWF FSR0++ NVMDATL FSR0++ NVMDATH MOVF XORLW ANDLW BTFSC GOTO NVMADRL,W 0x1F 0x1F STATUS,Z START_WRITE CALL INCF GOTO UNLOCK_SEQ NVMADRL,F LOOP ; If not, go load latch ; Increment address NVMCON1,LWLO UNLOCK_SEQ NVMCON1,WREN ; Latch writes complete, now write memory ; Perform required unlock sequence ; Disable writes ; Load initial address ; Load initial data address ; Set Program Flash Memory as write location ; Enable writes ; Load only write latches LOOP START_WRITE BCF CALL BCF ; Load first data byte ; Load second data byte ; ; ; ; Check if lower bits of address are 00000 and if on last of 32 addresses Last of 32 words? If so, go write latches into memory UNLOCK_SEQ MOVLW BCF MOVWF MOVLW MOVWF BSF BSF return DS40001795B-page 132 55h INTCON,GIE NVMCON2 AAh NVMCON2 NVMCON1,WR INTCON,GIE ; Disable interrupts ; Begin unlock sequence ; Unlock sequence complete, re-enable interrupts Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 10.4.8 WRITE VERIFY It is considered good programming practice to verify that program memory writes agree with the intended value. Since program memory is stored as a full page then the stored program memory contents are compared with the intended data stored in RAM after the last write is complete. FIGURE 10-7: PROGRAM FLASH MEMORY VERIFY FLOWCHART Start Verify Operation This routine assumes that the last row of data written was from an image saved in RAM. This image will be used to verify the data currently stored in Flash Program Memory. Read Operation Figure 10-1 No NVMDAT = RAM image? Yes No Fail Verify Operation Last Word? Yes End Verify Operation 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 133 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 10.4.9 WRERR BIT The WRERR bit can be used to determine if a write error occurred. WRERR will be set if one of the following conditions occurs: • If WR is set while the NVMADRH:NMVADRL points to a write-protected address • A Reset occurs while a self-write operation was in progress • An unlock sequence was interrupted The WRERR bit is normally set by hardware, but can be set by the user for test purposes. Once set, WRERR must be cleared in software. TABLE 10-4: ACTIONS FOR PROGRAM FLASH MEMORY WHEN WR = 1 Free LWLO 0 0 Write the write latch data to program Flash memory • If WP is enabled, WR is cleared row. See Section 10.4.4 “NVMREG Erase of Proand WRERR is set gram Flash Memory” • Write latches are reset to 3FFh • NVMDATH:NVMDATL is ignored 0 1 Copy NVMDATH:NVMDATL to the write latch corre- • Write protection is ignored sponding to NVMADR LSBs. See Section 10.4.4 • No memory access occurs “NVMREG Erase of Program Flash Memory” 1 x Erase the 32-word row of NVMADRH:NVMADRL location. See Section 10.4.3 “NVMREG Write to EEPROM” DS40001795B-page 134 Actions for Program Flash Memory when WR = 1 Preliminary Comments • If WP is enabled, WR is cleared and WRERR is set • All 32 words are erased • NVMDATH:NVMDATL is ignored 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 10.5 Register Definitions: Program Flash Memory Control REGISTER 10-1: R/W-0/0 NVMDATL: NONVOLATILE MEMORY DATA LOW BYTE REGISTER R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 NVMDAT<7:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-0 NVMDAT<7:0>: Read/write value for Least Significant bits of program memory REGISTER 10-2: NVMDATH: NONVOLATILE MEMORY DATA HIGH BYTE REGISTER U-0 U-0 — — R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 NVMDAT<13:8> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-6 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 5-0 NVMDAT<13:8>: Read/write value for Most Significant bits of program memory REGISTER 10-3: R/W-0/0 NVMADRL: NONVOLATILE MEMORY ADDRESS LOW BYTE REGISTER R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 NVMADR<7:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-0 NVMADR<7:0>: Specifies the Least Significant bits for program memory address REGISTER 10-4: U-1 NVMADRH: NONVOLATILE MEMORY ADDRESS HIGH BYTE REGISTER R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 — R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 NVMADR<14:8> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7 Unimplemented: Read as ‘1’ bit 6-0 NVMADR<14:8>: Specifies the Most Significant bits for program memory address 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 135 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 10-5: NVMCON1: NONVOLATILE MEMORY CONTROL 1 REGISTER U-0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 — NVMREGS LWLO R/W/HC-0/0 R/W/HC-x/q FREE WRERR R/W-0/0 R/S/HC-0/0 R/S/HC-0/0 WREN WR RD bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ S = Bit can only be set x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared HC = Bit is cleared by hardware bit 7 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 6 NVMREGS: Configuration Select bit 1 = Access EEPROM, Configuration, user ID and device ID registers 0 = Access program Flash memory bit 5 LWLO: Load Write Latches Only bit When FREE = 0: 1 = The next WR command updates the write latch for this word within the row; no memory operation is initiated. 0 = The next WR command writes data or erases. Otherwise: The bit is ignored. bit 4 FREE: Program Flash Memory Erase Enable bit When NVMREGS:NVMADR points to a program Flash memory location: 1 = Performs an erase operation with the next WR command; the 32-word pseudo-row containing the indicated address is erased (to all 1s) to prepare for writing. 0 = All write operations have completed normally. bit 3 WRERR: Program/Erase Error Flag bit (1,2,3) This bit is normally set by hardware. 1 = A write operation was interrupted by a Reset, interrupted unlock sequence, or WR was written to one while NVMADR points to a write-protected address. 0 = The program or erase operation completed normally bit 2 WREN: Program/Erase Enable bit 1 = Allows program/erase cycles 0 = Inhibits programming/erasing of program Flash bit 1 WR: Write Control bit(4,5,6) When NVMREG:NVMADR points to a EEPROM location: 1 = Initiates an erase/program cycle at the corresponding EEPROM location 0 = NVM program/erase operation is complete and inactive When NVMREG:NVMADR points to a program Flash memory location: 1 = Initiates the operation indicated by Table 10-5 0 = NVM program/erase operation is complete and inactive Otherwise: This bit is ignored. bit 0 RD: Read Control bit(7) 1 = Initiates a read at address = NVMADR1, and loads data to NVMDAT Read takes one instruction cycle and the bit is cleared when the operation is complete. The bit can only be set (not cleared) in software. 0 = NVM read operation is complete and inactive. Note 1: 2: 3: 4: 5: 6: 7: Bit is undefined while WR = 1 (during the EEPROM write operation it may be ‘0’ or ‘1’). Bit must be cleared by software; hardware will not clear this bit. Bit may be written to ‘1’ by software in order to implement test sequences. This bit can only be set by following the unlock sequence of Section 10.4.2 “NVM Unlock Sequence”. Operations are self-timed, and the WR bit is cleared by hardware when complete. Once a write operation is initiated, setting this bit to zero will have no effect. Reading from EEPROM loads only NVMDATL<7:0> (Register 10-1). DS40001795B-page 136 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 10-6: W-0/0 NVMCON2: NONVOLATILE MEMORY CONTROL 2 REGISTER W-0/0 W-0/0 W-0/0 W-0/0 W-0/0 W-0/0 W-0/0 NVMCON2 bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ S = Bit can only be set x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-0 NVMCON2<7:0>: Flash Memory Unlock Pattern bits To unlock writes, a 55h must be written first, followed by an AAh, before setting the WR bit of the NVMCON1 register. The value written to this register is used to unlock the writes. TABLE 10-5: SUMMARY OF REGISTERS ASSOCIATED WITH NONVOLATILE MEMORY (NVM) Register on Page Name Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 INTCON GIE PEIE — — — — — INTEDG 98 PIR2 TMR6IF C2IF C1IF NVMIF SSP2IF BLC2IF TMR4IF NCO1IF 106 PIE2 TMR6IE C2IE C1IE NVMIE SSP2IE BLC2IE TMR4IE NCO1IE 101 — NVMREGS LWLO FREE WRERR WREN WR RD 136 NVMCON1 NVMCON2 NVMCON2 137 NVMADRL NVMADR<7:0> 135 —(1) NVMADRH NVMADR<14:8> NVMDATL 135 NVMDAT<7:0> — NVMDATH — 135 NVMDAT<13:8> 135 Legend: — = unimplemented location, read as ‘0’. Shaded cells are not used by NVM. Note 1: Unimplemented, read as ‘1’. TABLE 10-6: Name CONFIG3 CONFIG4 SUMMARY OF CONFIGURATION WORD WITH NONVOLATILE MEMORY (NVM) Bit -/7 Bit -/6 Bit 13/5 Bit 12/4 Bit 11/3 Bit 10/2 Bit 9/1 Bit 8/0 Register on Page 13:8 — — LVP — — — — — 62 7:0 — — — — — — 13:8 — — — — — — — — 7:0 — — — — — — CPD CP Bits WRT<1:0> 63 Legend: — = unimplemented location, read as ‘0’. Shaded cells are not used by NVM. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 137 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 I/O PORTS Device PIC16(L)F18325 ● PIC16(L)F18345 ● PORTC PORT AVAILABILITY PER DEVICE PORTA TABLE 11-1: PORTB 11.0 Disabling the input buffer prevents analog signal levels on the pin between a logic high and low from causing excessive current in the logic input circuitry. A simplified model of a generic I/O port, without the interfaces to other peripherals, is shown in Figure 11-1. FIGURE 11-1: GENERIC I/O PORT OPERATION ● ● ● Each port has ten standard registers for its operation. These registers are: D • PORTx registers (reads the levels on the pins of the device) • LATx registers (output latch) • TRISx registers (data direction) • ANSELx registers (analog select) • WPUx registers (weak pull-up) • INLVLx (input level control) • SLRCONx registers (slew rate) • ODCONx registers (open-drain) Write LATx Write PORTx TRISx Q CK VDD Data Register Data Bus I/O pin Read PORTx To digital peripherals Most port pins share functions with device peripherals, both analog and digital. In general, when a peripheral is enabled on a port pin, that pin cannot be used as a general purpose output; however, the pin can still be read. The Data Latch (LATx registers) is useful for read-modify-write operations on the value that the I/O pins are driving. A write operation to the LATx register has the same effect as a write to the corresponding PORTx register. A read of the LATx register reads of the values held in the I/O PORT latches, while a read of the PORTx register reads the actual I/O pin value. Ports that support analog inputs have an associated ANSELx register. When an ANSEL bit is set, the digital input buffer associated with that bit is disabled. DS40001795B-page 138 Read LATx To analog peripherals 11.1 ANSELx VSS I/O Priorities Each pin defaults to the PORT data latch after Reset. Other functions are selected with the peripheral pin select logic. See Section 12.0 “Peripheral Pin Select (PPS) Module” for more information. Analog input functions, such as ADC and comparator inputs, are not shown in the peripheral pin select lists. These inputs are active when the I/O pin is set for Analog mode using the ANSELx register. Digital output functions may continue to control the pin when it is in Analog mode. Analog outputs, when enabled, take priority over the digital outputs and force the digital output driver to the high-impedance state. Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 11.2 11.2.3 PORTA Registers 11.2.1 DATA REGISTER PORTA is a 6-bit wide, bidirectional port. The corresponding data direction register is TRISA (Register 11-2). Setting a TRISA bit (= 1) will make the corresponding PORTA pin an input (i.e., disable the output driver). Clearing a TRISA bit (= 0) will make the corresponding PORTA pin an output (i.e., enables output driver and puts the contents of the output latch on the selected pin). The exception is RA3, which is input-only and its TRIS bit will always read as ‘1’. Example 11-1 shows how to initialize PORTA. Reading the PORTA register (Register 11-1) reads the status of the pins, whereas writing to it will write to the PORT latch. All write operations are read-modify-write operations. Therefore, a write to a port implies that the port pins are read, this value is modified and then written to the PORT data latch (LATA). OPEN-DRAIN CONTROL The ODCONA register (Register 11-6) controls the open-drain feature of the port. Open-drain operation is independently selected for each pin. When an ODCONA bit is set, the corresponding port output becomes an open-drain driver capable of sinking current only. When an ODCONA bit is cleared, the corresponding port output pin is the standard push-pull drive capable of sourcing and sinking current. Note: 11.2.4 It is not necessary to set open-drain control when using the pin for I2C™; the I2C module controls the pin and makes the pin open-drain. SLEW RATE CONTROL The PORT data latch LATA (Register 11-3) holds the output port data, and contains the latest value of a LATA or PORTA write. The SLRCONA register (Register 11-7) controls the slew rate option for each port pin. Slew rate control is independently selectable for each port pin. When an SLRCONA bit is set, the corresponding port pin drive is slew rate limited. When an SLRCONA bit is cleared, The corresponding port pin drive slews at the maximum rate possible. EXAMPLE 11-1: 11.2.5 ; ; ; ; INITIALIZING PORTA This code example illustrates initializing the PORTA register. The other ports are initialized in the same manner. BANKSEL CLRF BANKSEL CLRF BANKSEL CLRF BANKSEL MOVLW MOVWF 11.2.2 PORTA PORTA LATA LATA ANSELA ANSELA TRISA B'00111000' TRISA ; ;Init PORTA ;Data Latch ; ; ;digital I/O ; ;Set RA<5:3> as inputs ;and set RA<2:0> as ;outputs The INLVLA register (Register 11-8) controls the input voltage threshold for each of the available PORTA input pins. A selection between the Schmitt Trigger CMOS or the TTL Compatible thresholds is available. The input threshold is important in determining the value of a read of the PORTA register and also the level at which an interrupt-on-change occurs, if that feature is enabled. See Table 34-4 for more information on threshold levels. Note: DIRECTION CONTROL The TRISA register (Register 11-2) controls the PORTA pin output drivers, even when they are being used as analog inputs. The user should ensure the bits in the TRISA register are maintained set when using them as analog inputs. I/O pins configured as analog inputs always read ‘0’. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. INPUT THRESHOLD CONTROL Preliminary Changing the input threshold selection should be performed while all peripheral modules are disabled. Changing the threshold level during the time a module is active may inadvertently generate a transition associated with an input pin, regardless of the actual voltage level on that pin. DS40001795B-page 139 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 11.2.6 ANALOG CONTROL The ANSELA register (Register 11-4) is used to configure the Input mode of an I/O pin to analog. Setting the appropriate ANSELA bit high will cause all digital reads on the pin to be read as ‘0’ and allow analog functions on the pin to operate correctly. The state of the ANSELA bits has no effect on digital output functions. A pin with TRIS clear and ANSEL set will still operate as a digital output, but the Input mode will be analog. This can cause unexpected behavior when executing read-modify-write instructions on the affected port. Note: 11.2.7 The ANSELA bits default to the Analog mode after Reset. To use any pins as digital general purpose or peripheral inputs, the corresponding ANSEL bits must be initialized to ‘0’ by user software. WEAK PULL-UP CONTROL The WPUA register (Register 11-5) controls the individual weak pull-ups for each PORT pin. PORTA pin RA3 includes the MCLR/VPP input. The MCLR input allows the device to be reset, and can be disabled by the MCLRE bit of Configuration Word 2. A weak pull-up is present on the RA3 port pin. This weak pull-up is enabled when MCLR is enabled (MCLRE = 1) or the WPUA3 bit is set. The weak pull-up is disabled when is disabled and the WPUA3 bit is clear. 11.2.8 PORTA FUNCTIONS AND OUTPUT PRIORITIES Each PORTA pin is multiplexed with other functions. Each pin defaults to the PORT latch data after Reset. Other output functions are selected with the peripheral pin select logic. See Section 12.0 “Peripheral Pin Select (PPS) Module” for more information. Analog input functions, such as ADC and comparator inputs are not shown in the peripheral pin select lists. Digital output functions may continue to control the pin when it is in Analog mode. DS40001795B-page 140 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 11.3 Register Definitions: PORTA REGISTER 11-1: U-0 PORTA: PORTA REGISTER U-0 — — R/W-x/u R/W-x/u RA5 RA4 R-x/u (2) RA3 R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u RA2 RA1 RA0 bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-6 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 5-0 RA<5:0>: PORTA I/O Value bits(1) 1 = Port pin is > VIH 0 = Port pin is < VIL Note 1: 2: Writes to PORTA are actually written to corresponding LATA register. Reads from PORTA register is return of actual I/O pin values. Bit RA3 is read-only, and will read ‘1’ when MCLRE = 1 (master clear enabled). REGISTER 11-2: TRISA: PORTA TRI-STATE REGISTER U-0 U-0 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 U-1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 — — TRISA5 TRISA4 — TRISA2 TRISA1 TRISA0 bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-6 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 5-4 TRISA<5:4>: PORTA Tri-State Control bit 1 = PORTA pin configured as an input (tri-stated) 0 = PORTA pin configured as an output bit 3 Unimplemented: Read as ‘1’ bit 2-0 TRISA<2:0>: PORTA Tri-State Control bit 1 = PORTA pin configured as an input (tri-stated) 0 = PORTA pin configured as an output 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 141 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 11-3: LATA: PORTA DATA LATCH REGISTER U-0 U-0 R/W-x/u R/W-x/u U-0 R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u — — LATA5 LATA4 — LATA2 LATA1 LATA0 bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-6 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 5-4 LATA<5:4>: RA<5:4> Output Latch Value bits(1) bit 3 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 2-0 LATA<2:0>: RA<2:0> Output Latch Value bits(1) Note 1: Writes to PORTA are actually written to corresponding LATA register. Reads from PORTA register is return of actual I/O pin values. REGISTER 11-4: ANSELA: PORTA ANALOG SELECT REGISTER U-0 U-0 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 U-0 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 — — ANSA5 ANSA4 — ANSA2 ANSA1 ANSA0 bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-6 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 5-4 ANSA<5:4>: Analog Select between Analog or Digital Function on pins RA<5:4>, respectively 1 = Analog input. Pin is assigned as analog input(1). Digital input buffer disabled. 0 = Digital I/O. Pin is assigned to port or digital special function. bit 3 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 2-0 ANSA<2:0>: Analog Select between Analog or Digital Function on pins RA<2:0>, respectively 1 = Analog input. Pin is assigned as analog input(1). Digital input buffer disabled. 0 = Digital I/O. Pin is assigned to port or digital special function. Note 1: When setting a pin to an analog input, the corresponding TRIS bit must be set to Input mode in order to allow external control of the voltage on the pin. DS40001795B-page 142 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 11-5: WPUA: WEAK PULL-UP PORTA REGISTER U-0 U-0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 — — WPUA5 WPUA4 WPUA3(1) WPUA2 WPUA1 WPUA0 bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-6 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 5-0 WPUA<5:0>: Weak Pull-up Register bits(2) 1 = Pull-up enabled 0 = Pull-up disabled Note 1: 2: If MCLRE = 1, the weak pull-up in RA3 is always enabled; bit WPUA3 is not affected. The weak pull-up device is automatically disabled if the pin is configured as an output. REGISTER 11-6: ODCONA: PORTA OPEN-DRAIN CONTROL REGISTER U-0 U-0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 U-0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 — — ODCA5 ODCA4 — ODCA2 ODCA1 ODCA0 bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-6 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 5-4 ODCA<5:4>: PORTA Open-Drain Enable bits For RA<5:4> pins, respectively 1 = Port pin operates as open-drain drive (sink current only) 0 = Port pin operates as standard push-pull drive (source and sink current) bit 3 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 2-0 ODCA<2:0>: PORTA Open-Drain Enable bits For RA<2:0> pins, respectively 1 = Port pin operates as open-drain drive (sink current only) 0 = Port pin operates as standard push-pull drive (source and sink current) 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 143 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 11-7: SLRCONA: PORTA SLEW RATE CONTROL REGISTER U-0 U-0 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 U-0 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 — — SLRA5 SLRA4 — SLRA2 SLRA1 SLRA0 bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-6 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 5-4 SLRA<5:4>: PORTA Slew Rate Enable bits For RA<5:4> pins, respectively 1 = Port pin slew rate is limited 0 = Port pin slews at maximum rate bit 3 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 2-0 SLRA<2:0>: PORTA Slew Rate Enable bits For RA<2:0> pins, respectively 1 = Port pin slew rate is limited 0 = Port pin slews at maximum rate REGISTER 11-8: INLVLA: PORTA INPUT LEVEL CONTROL REGISTER U-0 U-0 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 — — INLVLA5 INLVLA4 INLVLA3 INLVLA2 INLVLA1 INLVLA0 bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-6 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 5-0 INLVLA<5:0>: PORTA Input Level Select bits For RA<5:0> pins, respectively 1 = ST input used for PORT reads and interrupt-on-change 0 = TTL input used for PORT reads and interrupt-on-change DS40001795B-page 144 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 TABLE 11-2: SUMMARY OF REGISTERS ASSOCIATED WITH PORTA Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Register on Page PORTA — — RA5 RA4 RA3 RA2 RA1 RA0 141 TRISA — — TRISA5 TRISA4 — TRISA2 TRISA1 TRISA0 141 LATA — — LATA5 LATA4 — LATA2 LATA1 LATA0 142 ANSELA — — ANSA5 ANSA4 — ANSA2 ANSA1 ANSA0 142 WPUA — — WPUA5 WPUA4 WPUA3 WPUA2 WPUA1 WPUA0 143 ODCONA — — ODCA5 ODCA4 — ODCA2 ODCA1 ODCA0 143 SLRCONA — — SLRA5 SLRA4 — SLRA2 SLRA1 SLRA0 144 INLVLA — — INLVLA5 INLVLA4 INLVLA3 INLVLA2 INLVLA1 INLVLA0 144 Name Legend: x = unknown, u = unchanged, – = unimplemented locations read as ‘0’. Shaded cells are not used by PORTA. TABLE 11-3: Name CONFIG2 Legend: Bits SUMMARY OF CONFIGURATION WORD WITH PORTA Bit -/7 13:8 — 7:0 BOREN1 Bit -/6 Bit 13/5 Bit 12/4 Bit 11/3 — DEBUG STVREN PPS1WAY — BORV — — WDTE1 WDTE0 PWRTE MCLRE BOREN0 LPBOREN Bit 10/2 Bit 9/1 Bit 8/0 Register on Page 61 — = unimplemented location, read as ‘0’. Shaded cells are not used by PORTA. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 145 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 11.4 11.4.1 PORTB Registers (PIC16(L)F18345 Only) DATA REGISTER PORTB is a 4-bit wide bidirectional port and is only available in the PIC16(L)F18345 devices. The corresponding data direction register is TRISB (Register 11-10). Setting a TRISB bit (= 1) will make the corresponding PORTB pin an input (i.e., put the corresponding output driver in a High-Impedance mode). Clearing a TRISB bit (= 0) will make the corresponding PORTB pin an output (i.e., enable the output driver and put the contents of the output latch on the selected pin). Example 11-1 shows how to initialize an I/O port. Reading the PORTB register (Register 11-9) reads the status of the pins, whereas writing to it will write to the PORT latch. All write operations are read-modify-write operations. Therefore, a write to a port implies that the port pins are read; this value is modified and then written to the PORT data latch (LATB). The PORT data latch LATB (Register 11-11) holds the output port data, and contains the latest value of a LATB or PORTB write. 11.4.2 DIRECTION CONTROL The TRISB register (Register 11-10) controls the PORTB pin output drivers, even when they are being used as analog inputs. The user should ensure the bits in the TRISB register are maintained set when using them as analog inputs. I/O pins configured as analog inputs always read ‘0’. 11.4.3 INPUT THRESHOLD CONTROL The INLVLB register (Register 11-16) controls the input voltage threshold for each of the available PORTB input pins. A selection between the Schmitt Trigger CMOS or the TTL Compatible thresholds is available. The input threshold is important in determining the value of a read of the PORTB register and also the level at which an interrupt-on-change occurs, if that feature is enabled. See Table 34-4 for more information on threshold levels. Note: Changing the input threshold selection should be performed while all peripheral modules are disabled. Changing the threshold level during the time a module is active may inadvertently generate a transition associated with an input pin, regardless of the actual voltage level on that pin. 11.4.4 OPEN-DRAIN CONTROL The ODCONB register (Register 11-14) controls the open-drain feature of the port. Open-drain operation is independently selected for each pin. When an ODCONB bit is set, the corresponding port output becomes an open-drain driver capable of sinking current only. When an ODCONB bit is cleared, the corresponding port output pin is the standard push-pull drive capable of sourcing and sinking current. Note: 11.4.5 It is not necessary to set open-drain control when using the pin for I2C™; the I2C module controls the pin and makes the pin open-drain. SLEW RATE CONTROL The SLRCONB register (Register 11-15) controls the slew rate option for each port pin. Slew rate control is independently selectable for each port pin. When an SLRCONB bit is set, the corresponding port pin drive is slew rate limited. When an SLRCONB bit is cleared, the corresponding port pin drive slews at the maximum rate possible. 11.4.6 ANALOG CONTROL The ANSELB register (Register 11-12) is used to configure the Input mode of an I/O pin to analog. Setting the appropriate ANSELB bit high will cause all digital reads on the pin to be read as ‘0’ and allow analog functions on the pin to operate correctly. The state of the ANSELB bits has no effect on digital output functions. A pin with TRIS clear and ANSELB set will still operate as a digital output, but the Input mode will be analog. This can cause unexpected behavior when executing read-modify-write instructions on the affected port. Note: 11.4.7 The ANSELB bits default to the Analog mode after Reset. To use any pins as digital general purpose or peripheral inputs, the corresponding ANSEL bits must be initialized to ‘0’ by user software. WEAK PULL-UP CONTROL The WPUB register (Register 11-13) controls the individual weak pull-ups for each PORT pin. 11.4.8 PORTB FUNCTIONS AND OUTPUT PRIORITIES Each pin defaults to the PORT latch data after Reset. Other output functions are selected with the peripheral pin select logic. See Section 12.0 “Peripheral Pin Select (PPS) Module” for more information. Analog input functions, such as ADC and comparator inputs, are not shown in the peripheral pin select lists. Digital output functions may continue to control the pin when it is in Analog mode. DS40001795B-page 146 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 11.5 Register Definitions: PORTB REGISTER 11-9: PORTB: PORTB REGISTER R/W-x/x R/W-x/x R/W-x/x R/W-x/x U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 RB7 RB6 RB5 RB4 — — — — bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-4 RB<7:4>: PORTB I/O Value bits(1) 1 = Port pin is > VIH 0 = Port pin is < VIL bit 3-0 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ Note 1: Writes to PORTB are actually written to corresponding LATB register. Reads from PORTB register return actual I/O pin values. REGISTER 11-10: TRISB: PORTB TRI-STATE REGISTER R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 TRISB7 TRISB6 TRISB5 TRISB4 — — — — bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-4 TRISB<7:4>: PORTB I/O Tri-State Control bits 0 = PORTB output driver is enabled 1 = PORTB output driver is disabled bit 3-0 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 147 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 11-11: LATB: PORTB DATA LATCH REGISTER R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 LATB7 LATB6 LATB5 LATB4 — — — — bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-4 LATB<7:4>: RB<5:4> Output Latch Value bits(1) bit 3-0 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ Note 1: Writes to LATB are equivalent with writes to the corresponding PORTB register.Reads from LATB register return register values, not I/O pin values. REGISTER 11-12: ANSELB: PORTB ANALOG SELECT REGISTER R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 ANSB7 ANSB6 ANSB5 ANSB4 — — — — bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-4 ANSB<7:4>: Analog Select between Analog or Digital Function 0 = Digital I/O. Pin is assigned to port or digital special function. 1 = Analog input. Pin is assigned as analog input(1). Digital input buffer disabled. bit 3-0 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ Note 1: Setting ANSB[n] = 1 disables the digital input circuitry. Weak pull-ups, if available, are unaffected. The corresponding TRIS bit must be set to Input mode by the user to allow external control of the voltage on the pin. DS40001795B-page 148 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 11-13: WPUB: WEAK PULL-UP PORTB REGISTER R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 WPUB7 WPUB6 WPUB5 WPUB4 — — — — bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-4 WPUB<7:4>: Weak Pull-up Register bits 1 = Weak Pull-up enabled 0 = Weak Pull-up disabled bit 3-0 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ REGISTER 11-14: ODCONB: PORTB OPEN-DRAIN CONTROL REGISTER R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 ODCB7 ODCB6 R/W-0/0 ODCB5 R/W-0/0 U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 ODCB4 — — — — bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-4 ODCB<7:4>: PORTB Open-Drain Configuration bits For RB<7:4> pins, respectively: 1 = Port pin operates as open-drain drive (sink current only) 0 = Port pin operates as standard push-pull drive (source and sink current) bit 3-0 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 149 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 11-15: SLRCONB: PORTB SLEW RATE CONTROL REGISTER R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 SLRB7 SLRB6 SLRB5 SLRB4 — — — — bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-4 SLRB<7:4>: PORTB Slew Rate Control on pins RB<7:4>, respectively 0 = Slew rate disabled 1 = Slew rate enabled bit 3-0 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ REGISTER 11-16: INLVLB: PORTB INPUT LEVEL CONTROL REGISTER R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 INLVLB7 INLVLB6 INLVLB5 INLVLB4 — — — — bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-4 INLVLB<7:4>: PORTB Input Level Select on pins RB<7:4>, respectively 0 = TTL input used for PORT reads 1 = ST input used for PORT reads bit 3-0 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ DS40001795B-page 150 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 TABLE 11-4: SUMMARY OF REGISTERS ASSOCIATED WITH PORTB Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Register on Page PORTB RB7 RB6 RB5 RB4 — — — — 147 TRISB TRISB7 TRISB6 TRISB5 TRISB4 — — — — 147 LATB LATB7 LATB6 LATB5 LATB4 — — — — 148 ANSELB ANSB7 ANSB6 ANSB5 ANSB4 — — — — 148 — — — 149 Name WPUB WPUB7 WPU6 WPUB5 WPUB4 — ODCONB ODCB7 ODCB6 ODCB5 ODCB4 — — — — 149 SLRCONB SLRB7 SLRB6 SLRB5 SLRB4 — — — — 150 INLVLB6 INLVLB5 INLVLB4 — — — — 150 INLVLB INLVLB7 Legend: x = unknown, u = unchanged, – = unimplemented locations read as ‘0’. Shaded cells are not used by PORTB. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 151 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 11.6 11.6.1 11.6.4 PORTC Registers DATA REGISTER PORTC is a bidirectional port that is either 6-bit wide (PIC16(L)F18325) or 8-bit wide (PIC16(L)F18345). The corresponding data direction register is TRISC (Register 11-18). Setting a TRISC bit (= 1) will make the corresponding PORTC pin an input (i.e., put the corresponding output driver in a High-Impedance mode). Clearing a TRISC bit (= 0) will make the corresponding PORTC pin an output (i.e., enable the output driver and put the contents of the output latch on the selected pin). Example 11-1 shows how to initialize an I/O port. Reading the PORTC register (Register 11-17) reads the status of the pins, whereas writing to it will write to the PORT latch. All write operations are read-modify-write operations. Therefore, a write to a port implies that the port pins are read, this value is modified and then written to the PORT data latch (LATC). OPEN-DRAIN CONTROL The ODCONC register (Register 11-22) controls the open-drain feature of the port. Open-drain operation is independently selected for each pin. When an ODCONC bit is set, the corresponding port output becomes an open-drain driver capable of sinking current only. When an ODCONC bit is cleared, the corresponding port output pin is the standard push-pull drive capable of sourcing and sinking current. Note: 11.6.5 It is not necessary to set open-drain control when using the pin for I2C™; the I2C module controls the pin and makes the pin open-drain. SLEW RATE CONTROL The PORT data latch LATC (Register 11-19) holds the output port data, and contains the latest value of a LATC or PORTC write. The SLRCONC register (Register 11-23) controls the slew rate option for each port pin. Slew rate control is independently selectable for each port pin. When an SLRCONC bit is set, the corresponding port pin drive is slew rate limited. When an SLRCONC bit is cleared, The corresponding port pin drive slews at the maximum rate possible. 11.6.2 11.6.6 DIRECTION CONTROL The TRISC register (Register 11-18) controls the PORTC pin output drivers, even when they are being used as analog inputs. The user should ensure the bits in the TRISC register are maintained set when using them as analog inputs. I/O pins configured as analog inputs always read ‘0’. 11.6.3 INPUT THRESHOLD CONTROL The INLVLC register (Register 11-24) controls the input voltage threshold for each of the available PORTC input pins. A selection between the Schmitt Trigger CMOS or the TTL Compatible thresholds is available. The input threshold is important in determining the value of a read of the PORTC register and also the level at which an interrupt-on-change occurs, if that feature is enabled. See Table 34-4 for more information on threshold levels. Note: Changing the input threshold selection should be performed while all peripheral modules are disabled. Changing the threshold level during the time a module is active may inadvertently generate a transition associated with an input pin, regardless of the actual voltage level on that pin. ANALOG CONTROL The ANSELC register (Register 11-20) is used to configure the Input mode of an I/O pin to analog. Setting the appropriate ANSELC bit high will cause all digital reads on the pin to be read as ‘0’ and allow analog functions on the pin to operate correctly. The state of the ANSELC bits has no effect on digital output functions. A pin with TRIS clear and ANSELC set will still operate as a digital output, but the Input mode will be analog. This can cause unexpected behavior when executing read-modify-write instructions on the affected port. Note: 11.6.7 The ANSELC bits default to the Analog mode after Reset. To use any pins as digital general purpose or peripheral inputs, the corresponding ANSEL bits must be initialized to ‘0’ by user software. WEAK PULL-UP CONTROL The WPUC register (Register 11-21) controls the individual weak pull-ups for each PORT pin. 11.6.8 PORTC FUNCTIONS AND OUTPUT PRIORITIES Each pin defaults to the PORT latch data after Reset. Other functions are selected with the peripheral pin select logic. See Section 12.0 “Peripheral Pin Select (PPS) Module” for more information. Analog output functions, such as ADC and comparator inputs, are not shown in the peripheral pin select lists. Digital output functions may continue to control the pin when it is in Analog mode. DS40001795B-page 152 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 11.7 Register Definitions: PORTC REGISTER 11-17: PORTC: PORTC REGISTER R/W-x/u RC7 (1) R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u RC6(1) RC5 RC4 RC3 RC2 RC1 RC0 bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-6 RC<7:6>: PORTC I/O Value bits(1,2) 1 = Port pin is > VIH 0 = Port pin is < VIL bit 5-0 RC<5:0>: PORTC General Purpose I/O Pin bits(2) 1 = Port pin is > VIH 0 = Port pin is < VIL Note 1: 2: PIC16(L)F18345 only; otherwise read as ‘0’. Writes to PORTC are actually written to corresponding LATC register. Reads from PORTC register is return of actual I/O pin values. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 153 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 11-18: TRISC: PORTC TRI-STATE REGISTER R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 (1) TRISC7 TRISC6 (1) R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 TRISC5 TRISC4 TRISC3 TRISC2 TRISC1 TRISC0 bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-6 TRISC<7:6>: PORTC Tri-State Control bits(1) 1 = PORTC pin configured as an input (tri-stated) 0 = PORTC pin configured as an output bit 5-0 TRISC<5:0>: PORTC Tri-State Control bits 1 = PORTC pin configured as an input (tri-stated) 0 = PORTC pin configured as an output Note 1: PIC16(L)F18345 only; otherwise read as ‘0’. REGISTER 11-19: LATC: PORTC DATA LATCH REGISTER R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u (1) LATC6(1) LATC5 LATC4 LATC3 LATC2 LATC1 LATC0 LATC7 bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-6 LATC<7:6>: PORTC Output Latch Value bits(1) bit 5-0 LATC<5:0>: PORTC Output Latch Value bits Note 1: PIC16(L)F18345 only; otherwise read as ‘0’. DS40001795B-page 154 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 11-20: ANSELC: PORTC ANALOG SELECT REGISTER R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 ANSC7(1) (1) ANSC6 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 ANSC5 ANSC4 ANSC3 ANSC2 ANSC1 ANSC0 bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-6 ANSC<7:6>: Analog Select between Analog or Digital Function on pins RC<7:6>, respectively(1) 0 = Digital I/O. Pin is assigned to port or digital special function. 1 = Analog input. Pin is assigned as analog input(2). Digital input buffer disabled. bit 5-0 ANSC<5:0>: Analog Select between Analog or Digital Function on pins RC<5:0>, respectively 0 = Digital I/O. Pin is assigned to port or digital special function. 1 = Analog input. Pin is assigned as analog input(2). Digital input buffer disabled. Note 1: 2: PIC16(L)F18345 only; otherwise read as ‘0’. When setting a pin to an analog input, the corresponding TRIS bit must be set to Input mode in order to allow external control of the voltage on the pin. REGISTER 11-21: WPUC: WEAK PULL-UP PORTC REGISTER R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 WPUC7(1) WPUC6(1) WPUC5 WPUC4 WPUC3 WPUC2 WPUC1 WPUC0 bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-6 WPUC<7:6>(1): Weak Pull-up Register bits(2) 1 = Pull-up enabled 0 = Pull-up disabled bit 5-0 WPUC<5:0>: Weak Pull-up Register bits(2) 1 = Pull-up enabled 0 = Pull-up disabled Note 1: 2: PIC16(L)F18345 only; otherwise read as ‘0’. The weak pull-up device is automatically disabled if the pin is configured as an output. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 155 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 11-22: ODCONC: PORTC OPEN-DRAIN CONTROL REGISTER R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 ODCC7(1) ODCC6 (1) R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 ODCC5 ODCC4 ODCC3 ODCC2 ODCC1 ODCC0 bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-6 ODCC<7:6>: PORTC Open-Drain Enable bits(1) For RC<7:6> pins, respectively 1 = Port pin operates as open-drain drive (sink current only) 0 = Port pin operates as standard push-pull drive (source and sink current) bit 5-0 ODCC<5:0>: PORTC Open-Drain Enable bits For RC<5:0> pins, respectively 1 = Port pin operates as open-drain drive (sink current only) 0 = Port pin operates as standard push-pull drive (source and sink current) Note 1: PIC16(L)F18345 only; otherwise read as ‘0’. REGISTER 11-23: SLRCONC: PORTC SLEW RATE CONTROL REGISTER R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 SLRC7(1) SLRC6(1) SLRC5 SLRC4 SLRC3 SLRC2 SLRC1 SLRC0 bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-6 SLRC<7:6>: PORTC Slew Rate Enable bits(1) For RC<7:6> pins, respectively 1 = Port pin slew rate is limited 0 = Port pin slews at maximum rate bit 5-0 SLRC<5:0>: PORTC Slew Rate Enable bits For RC<5:0> pins, respectively 1 = Port pin slew rate is limited 0 = Port pin slews at maximum rate Note 1: PIC16(L)F18345 only; otherwise read as ‘0’. DS40001795B-page 156 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 11-24: INLVLC: PORTC INPUT LEVEL CONTROL REGISTER R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 INLVLC7(1) INLVLC6 (1) R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 INLVLC5 INLVLC4 INLVLC3 INLVLC2 INLVLC1 INLVLC0 bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-6 INLVLC<7:6>: PORTC Input Level Select bits(1) For RC<7:6> pins, respectively 1 = ST input used for PORT reads and interrupt-on-change 0 = TTL input used for PORT reads and interrupt-on-change bit 5-0 INLVLC<5:0>: PORTC Input Level Select bits For RC<5:0> pins, respectively 1 = ST input used for PORT reads and interrupt-on-change 0 = TTL input used for PORT reads and interrupt-on-change Note 1: PIC16(L)F18345 only; otherwise read as ‘0’. TABLE 11-5: Name SUMMARY OF REGISTERS ASSOCIATED WITH PORTC RC1 RC0 153 TRISC1 TRISC0 154 LATC1 LATC0 154 ANSC2 ANSC1 ANSC0 155 WPUC3 WPUC2 WPUC1 WPUC0 155 ODCC3 ODCC2 ODCC1 ODCC0 156 SLRC3 SLRC2 SLRC1 SLRC0 156 PORTC RC7(1) RC6(1) RC5 RC4 RC3 RC2 TRISC TRISC7(1) TRISC6(1) TRISC5 TRISC4 TRISC3 TRISC2 (1) LATC6(1) LATC5 LATC4 LATC3 LATC2 (1) ANSC6(1) ANSC5 ANSC4 ANSC3 WPUC WPUC7 (1) WPUC6(1) WPUC5 WPUC4 ODCONC ODCC7(1) ODCC6(1) ODCC5 ODCC4 SLRCONC SLRC7(1) SLRC6(1) SLRC5 SLRC4 LATC7 ANSELC INLVLC Note 1: ANSC7 INLVLC7 (1) (1) INLVLC6 Bit 4 Register on Page Bit 6 LATC Bit 5 Bit 0 Bit 7 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 INLVLC5 INLVLC4 INLVLC3 INLVLC2 INLVLC1 INLVLC0 157 PIC16(L)F18345 only. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 157 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 12.0 PERIPHERAL PIN SELECT (PPS) MODULE 12.2 The Peripheral Pin Select (PPS) module connects peripheral inputs and outputs to the device I/O pins. Only digital signals are included in the selections. All analog inputs and outputs remain fixed to their assigned pins. Input and output selections are independent as shown in the simplified block diagram Figure 12-1. 12.1 PPS Inputs Each peripheral has a PPS register with which the inputs to the peripheral are selected. Inputs include the device pins. Each I/O pin has a PPS register with which the pin output source is selected. With few exceptions, the port TRIS control associated with that pin retains control over the pin output driver. Peripherals that control the pin output driver as part of the peripheral operation will override the TRIS control as needed. These peripherals include: • EUSART1 (synchronous operation) • MSSP (I2C) Although every pin has its own PPS peripheral selection register, the selections are identical for every pin as shown in Register 12-2. Note: Although every peripheral has its own PPS input selection register, the selections are identical for every peripheral as shown in Register 12-1. Note: PPS Outputs The notation “Rxy” is a place holder for the pin identifier. For example, RA0PPS. The notation “xxx” in the register name is a place holder for the peripheral identifier. For example, CLC1PPS. FIGURE 12-1: SIMPLIFIED PPS BLOCK DIAGRAM PPS Outputs RA0PPS PPS Inputs abcPPS RA0 RA0 Peripheral abc RxyPPS Rxy Peripheral xyz RC7(1) RC7PPS(1) xyzPPS RC7(1) Note 1: RB<7:4> and RC<7:6> are available on PIC16(L)F18345 only. DS40001795B-page 158 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 12.3 Bidirectional Pins 12.5 PPS selections for peripherals with bidirectional signals on a single pin must be made so that the PPS input and PPS output select the same pin. Peripherals that have bidirectional signals include: • EUSART1 (synchronous operation) • MSSP (I2C) Note: 12.4 The I2C™ default input pins are I2C and SMBus compatible and are the only pins on the PIC16(L)F18325 with this compatibility. For the PIC16(L)F18345, in addition to the default pins as described above, RC0, RC1, RC4, and RC5 are also I2C and SMBus compatible. Clock and data signals can be routed to any pin, however pins without I2C compatibility will operate at standard TTL/ST logic levels as selected by the INVLV register. PPS Lock PPS Permanent Lock The PPS can be permanently locked by setting the PPS1WAY Configuration bit. When this bit is set, the PPSLOCKED bit can only be cleared and set one time after a device Reset. This allows for clearing the PPSLOCKED bit so that the input and output selections can be made during initialization. When the PPSLOCKED bit is set after all selections have been made, it will remain set and cannot be cleared until after the next device Reset event. 12.6 Operation During Sleep PPS input and output selections are unaffected by Sleep. 12.7 Effects of a Reset A device Power-On-Reset (POR) clears all PPS input and output selections to their default values. All other Resets leave the selections unchanged. Default input selections are shown in pin allocation Table 1 and Table 2. The PPS includes a mode in which all input and output selections can be locked to prevent inadvertent changes. PPS selections are locked by setting the PPSLOCKED bit of the PPSLOCK register. Setting and clearing this bit requires a special sequence as an extra precaution against inadvertent changes. Examples of setting and clearing the PPSLOCKED bit are shown in Example 12-1. EXAMPLE 12-1: PPS LOCK/UNLOCK SEQUENCE ; suspend interrupts bcf INTCON,GIE ; BANKSEL PPSLOCK ; set bank ; required sequence, next 5 instructions movlw 0x55 movwf PPSLOCK movlw 0xAA movwf PPSLOCK ; Set PPSLOCKED bit to disable writes or ; Clear PPSLOCKED bit to enable writes bsf PPSLOCK,PPSLOCKED ; restore interrupts bsf INTCON,GIE 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 159 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 12.8 Register Definitions: PPS Input Selection REGISTER 12-1: xxxPPS: PERIPHERAL xxx INPUT SELECTION U-0 U-0 U-0 — — — R/W-q/u R/W-q/u R/W-q/u R/W-q/u R/W-q/u xxxPPS<4:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared q = value depends on peripheral bit 7-5 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 4-0 xxxPPS<4:0>: Peripheral xxx Input Selection bits 11xxx = Reserved. Do not use. 10111 = Peripheral input is RC7(1) 10110 = Peripheral input is RC6(1) 10101 = Peripheral input is RC5 10100 = Peripheral input is RC4 10011 = Peripheral input is RC3 10010 = Peripheral input is RC2 10001 = Peripheral input is RC1 10000 = Peripheral input is RC0 ... 01111 = Peripheral input is RB7(1) 01110 = Peripheral input is RB6(1) 01101 = Peripheral input is RB5(1) 01100 = Peripheral input is RB4(1) ... 0011x = Reserved. Do not use. 00101 = Peripheral input is RA5 00100 = Peripheral input is RA4 00011 = Peripheral input is RA3 00010 = Peripheral input is RA2 00001 = Peripheral input is RA1 00000 = Peripheral input is RA0 Note 1: PIC16(L)F18345 only. DS40001795B-page 160 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 12-2: RxyPPS: PIN Rxy OUTPUT SOURCE SELECTION REGISTER U-0 U-0 U-0 — — — R/W-0/u R/W-0/u R/W-0/u R/W-0/u R/W-0/u RxyPPS<4:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-5 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 4-0 RxyPPS<4:0>: Pin Rxy Output Source Selection bits 11111 = Rxy source is DSM 11110 = Rxy source is CLKR 11101 = Rxy source is NCO1 11100 = Rxy source is TMR0 11011 = Rxy source is SDO2/SDA2(1) 11010 = Rxy source is SCK2/SCL2(1) 11001 = Rxy source is SDO1/SDA1 11000 = Rxy source is SCK1/SCL1(1) 10111 = Rxy source is C2 10110 = Rxy source is C1 10101 = Rxy source is DT(1) 10100 = Rxy source is TX/CK(1) 10011 = Rxy source is CWG2D(1) 10010 = Rxy source is CWG2C(1) 10001 = Rxy source is CWG2B(1) 10000 = Rxy source is CWG2A(1) 01111 = Rxy source is CCP4 01110 = Rxy source is CCP3 01101 = Rxy source is CCP2 01100 = Rxy source is CCP1 01011 = Rxy source is CWG1D(1) 01010 = Rxy source is CWG1C(1) 01001 = Rxy source is CWG1B(1) 01000 = Rxy source is CWG1A(1) 00111 = Rxy source is CLC4OUT 00110 = Rxy source is CLC3OUT 00101 = Rxy source is CLC2OUT 00100 = Rxy source is CLC1OUT 00011 = Rxy source is PWM6 00010 = Rxy source is PWM5 00001 = Reserved 00000 = Rxy source is LATxy Note 1: TRIS control is overridden by the peripheral as required. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 161 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 12-3: PPSLOCK: PPS LOCK REGISTER U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 R/W-0/0 — — — — — — — PPSLOCKED bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-1 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 0 PPSLOCKED: PPS Locked bit 1= PPS is locked. PPS selections can not be changed. 0= PPS is not locked. PPS selections can be changed. TABLE 12-1: SUMMARY OF REGISTERS ASSOCIATED WITH THE PPS MODULE Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Register on page PPSLOCK — — — — — — — PPSLOCKED 162 INTPPS — — — INTPPS<4:0> 160 T0CKIPPS — — — T0CKIPPS<4:0> 160 T1CKIPPS — — — T1CKIPPS<4:0> 160 T1GPPS — — — T1GPPS<4:0> 160 T3CKIPPS — — — T3CKIPPS<4:0> 160 T3GPPS — — — T3GPPS<4:0> 160 T5CKIPPS — — — T5CKIPPS<4:0> 160 T5GPPS — — — T5GPPS<4:0> 160 CCP1PPS — — — CCP1PPS<4:0> 160 CCP2PPS — — — CCP2PPS<4:0> 160 CCP3PPS — — — CCP3PPS<4:0> 160 CCP4PPS — — — CCP4PPS<4:0> 160 CWG1PPS — — — CWG1PPS<4:0> 160 CWG2PPS — — — CWG2PPS<4:0> 160 MDCIN1PPS — — — MDCIN1PPS<4:0> 160 MDCIN2PPS — — — MDCIN2PPS<4:0> 160 MDMINPPS — — — MDMINPPS<4:0> 160 SSP1CLKPPS — — — SSP1CLKPPS<4:0> 160 SSP1DATPPS — — — SSP1DATPPS<4:0> 160 SSP1SSPPS — — — SSP1SSPPS<4:0> 160 SSP2CLKPPS — — — SSP2CLKPPS<4:0> 160 SSP2DATPPS — — — SSP2DATPPS<4:0> 160 SSP2SSPPS — — — SSP2SSPPS<4:0> 160 Name Legend: — = unimplemented, read as ‘0’. Shaded cells are unused by the PPS module. Note 1: PIC16(L)F18345 only. DS40001795B-page 162 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 TABLE 12-1: Name SUMMARY OF REGISTERS ASSOCIATED WITH THE PPS MODULE (CONTINUED) Bit 6 Bit 5 RXPPS — — — RXPPS<4:0> 161 TXPPS — — — TXPPS<4:0> 160 CLCIN0PPS — — — CLCIN0PPS<4:0> 160 CLCIN1PPS — — — CLCIN1PPS<4:0> 160 CLCIN2PPS — — — CLCIN2PPS<4:0> 160 CLCIN3PPS — — — CLCIN3PPS<4:0> 160 RA0PPS — — — RA0PPS<4:0> 161 RA1PPS — — — RA1PPS<4:0> 161 RA2PPS — — — RA2PPS<4:0> 161 RA4PPS — — — RA4PPS<4:0> 161 RA5PPS — — — RA5PPS<4:0> 161 RB4PPS(1) — — — RB4PPS<4:0> 161 RB5PPS(1) — — — RB5PPS<4:0> 161 (1) — — — RB6PPS<4:0> 161 (1) RB7PPS — — — RB7PPS<4:0> 161 RC0PPS — — — RC0PPS<4:0> 161 RC1PPS — — — RC1PPS<4:0> 161 RC2PPS — — — RC2PPS<4:0> 161 RC3PPS — — — RC3PPS<4:0> 161 RC4PPS — — — RC4PPS<4:0> 161 RC5PPS — — — RC5PPS<4:0> 161 RC6PPS (1) — — — RC6PPS<4:0> 161 RC7PPS (1) — — — RC7PPS<4:0> 161 RB6PPS Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Register on page Bit 7 Legend: — = unimplemented, read as ‘0’. Shaded cells are unused by the PPS module. Note 1: PIC16(L)F18345 only. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 163 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 13.0 PERIPHERAL MODULE DISABLE 13.2 When the register bit is cleared, the module is reenabled and will be in its Reset state; SFR data will reflect the POR Reset values. The PIC16(L)F18325/18345 provides the ability to disable selected modules, placing them into the lowest possible power mode. Depending on the module, it may take up to one full instruction cycle for the module to become active. There should be no interaction with the module (e.g., writing to registers) for at least one instruction after it has been re-enabled. For legacy reasons, all modules are ON by default following any Reset. 13.1 Enabling a Module Disabling a Module Disabling a module has the following effects: 13.3 • All clock and control inputs to the module are suspended; there are no logic transitions, and the module will not function. • The module is held in Reset. • Any SFRs become “unimplemented” - Writing is disabled - Reading returns 00h • Module outputs are disabled; I/O goes to the next module according to pin priority When a module is disabled, any and all associated input selection registers (ISMs) are also disabled. REGISTER 13-1: 13.4 Disabling a Module System Clock Disable Setting SYSCMD (PMD0, Register 13-1) disables the system clock (FOSC) distribution network to the peripherals. Not all peripherals make use of SYSCLK, so not all peripherals are affected. Refer to the specific peripheral description to see if it will be affected by this bit. PMD0: PMD CONTROL REGISTER 0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 U-0 U-0 U-0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 SYSCMD FVRMD — — — NVMMD CLKRMD IOCMD 7 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared q = Value depends on condition bit 7 SYSCMD: Disable Peripheral System Clock Network bit See description in Section 13.4 “System Clock Disable”. 1 = System Clock network disabled (a.k.a. FOSC) 0 = System Clock network enabled bit 6 FVRMD: Disable Fixed Voltage Reference FVR bit 1 = FVR module disabled 0 = FVR module enabled bit 5-3 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 2 NVMMD: NVM Module Disable bit(1) 1 = Data EEPROM (a.k.a. user memory, EEPROM) reading and writing is disabled; NVMCON registers cannot be written; FSR access to EEPROM returns zero. 0 = NVM module enabled bit 1 CLKRMD: Disable Clock Reference CLKR bit 1 = CLKR module disabled 0 = CLKR module enabled bit 0 IOCMD: Disable Interrupt-on-Change bit, All Ports 1 = IOC module(s) disabled 0 = IOC module(s) enabled Note 1: When enabling NVM, a delay of up to 1 µs may be required before accessing data. DS40001795B-page 164 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 13-2: PMD1: PMD CONTROL REGISTER 1 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 NCOMD TMR6MD TMR5MD TMR4MD TMR3MD TMR2MD TMR1MD TMR0MD bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared q = Value depends on condition bit 7 NCOMD: Disable Numerically Control Oscillator bit 1 = NCO1 module disabled 0 = NCO1 module enabled bit 6 TMR6MD: Disable Timer TMR6 bit 1 = TMR6 module disabled 0 = TMR6 module enabled bit 5 TMR5MD: Disable Timer TMR5 bit 1 = TMR5 module disabled 0 = TMR5 module enabled bit 4 TMR4MD: Disable Timer TMR4 bit 1 = TMR4 module disabled 0 = TMR4 module enabled bit 3 TMR3MD: Disable Timer TMR3 bit 1 = TMR3 module disabled 0 = TMR3 module enabled bit 2 TMR2MD: Disable Timer TMR2 bit 1 = TMR2 module disabled 0 = TMR2 module enabled bit 1 TMR1MD: Disable Timer TMR1 bit 1 = TMR1 module disabled 0 = TMR1 module enabled bit 0 TMR0MD: Disable Timer TMR0 bit 1 = TMR0 module disabled 0 = TMR0 module enabled 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 165 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 13-3: PMD2: PMD CONTROL REGISTER 2 U-0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 U-0 U-0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 U-0 — DACMD ADCMD — — CMP2MD CMP1MD — bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared q = Value depends on condition bit 7 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 6 DACMD: Disable DAC bit 1 = DAC module disabled 0 = DAC module enabled bit 5 ADCMD: Disable ADC bit 1 = ADC module disabled 0 = ADC module enabled bit 4-3 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 2 CMP2MD: Disable Comparator C2 bit 1 = C2 module disabled 0 = C2 module enabled bit 1 CMP1MD: Disable Comparator C1 bit 1 = C1 module disabled 0 = C1 module enabled bit 0 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ DS40001795B-page 166 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 13-4: PMD3: PMD CONTROL REGISTER 3 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 CWG2MD CWG1MD PWM6MD PWM5MD CCP4MD CCP3MD CCP2MD CCP1MD bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared q = Value depends on condition bit 7 CWG2MD: Disable CWG2 bit 1 = CWG2 module disabled 0 = CWG2 module enabled bit 6 CWG1MD: Disable CWG1 bit 1 = CWG1 module disabled 0 = CWG1 module enabled bit 5 PWM6MD: Disable Pulse-Width Modulator PWM6 bit 1 = PWM6 module disabled 0 = PWM6 module enabled bit 4 PWM5MD: Disable Pulse-Width Modulator PWM5 bit 1 = PWM5 module disabled 0 = PWM5 module enabled bit 3 CCP4MD: Disable Pulse-Width Modulator CCP4 bit 1 = CCP4 module disabled 0 = CCP4 module enabled bit 2 CCP3MD: Disable Pulse-Width Modulator CCP3 bit 1 = CCP3 module disabled 0 = CCP3 module enabled bit 1 CCP2MD: Disable Pulse-Width Modulator CCP2 bit 1 = CCP2 module disabled 0 = CCP2 module enabled bit 0 CCP1MD: Disable Pulse-Width Modulator CCP1 bit 1 = CCP1 module disabled 0 = CCP1 module enabled 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 167 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 13-5: PMD4: PMD CONTROL REGISTER 4 U-0 U-0 R/W-0/0 U-0 U-0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 U-0 — — UART1MD — — MSSP2MD MSSP1MD — bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared q = Value depends on condition bit 7-6 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 5 UART1MD: Disable EUSART1 bit 1 = EUSART1 module disabled 0 = EUSART1 module enabled bit 4-3 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 2 MSSP2MD: Disable MSSP2 bit 1 = MSSP2 module disabled 0 = MSSP2 module enabled bit 1 MSSP1MD: Disable MSSP1 bit 1 = MSSP1 module disabled 0 = MSSP1 module enabled bit 0 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ DS40001795B-page 168 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 13-6: PMD5: PMD CONTROL REGISTER 5 U-0 U-0 U-0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 — — — CLC4MD CLC3MD CLC2MD CLC1MD DSMMD bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared q = Value depends on condition bit 7-5 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 4 CLC4MD: Disable CLC4 bit 1 = CLC4 module disabled 0 = CLC4 module enabled bit 3 CLC3MD: Disable CLC3 bit 1 = CLC3 module disabled 0 = CLC3 module enabled bit 2 CLC2MD: Disable CLC2 bit 1 = CLC2 module disabled 0 = CLC2 module enabled bit 1 CLC1MD: Disable CLC1 bit 1 = CLC1 module disabled 0 = CLC1 module enabled bit 0 DSMMD: Disable Data Signal Modulator bit 1 = DSM module disabled 0 = DSM module enabled 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 169 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 14.0 INTERRUPT-ON-CHANGE 14.3 All pins on all ports can be configured to operate as Interrupt-On-Change (IOC) pins. An interrupt can be generated by detecting a signal that has either a rising edge or a falling edge. Any individual pin, or combination of pins, can be configured to generate an interrupt. The interrupt-on-change module has the following features: • • • • Interrupt-on-Change enable (Master Switch) Individual pin configuration Rising and falling edge detection Individual pin interrupt flags The bits located in the IOCxF registers are status flags that correspond to the interrupt-on-change pins of each port. If an expected edge is detected on an appropriately enabled pin, then the status flag for that pin will be set, and an interrupt will be generated if the IOCIE bit is set. The IOCIF bit of the PIR0 register reflects the status of all IOCxF bits. 14.4 Clearing Interrupt Flags The individual status flags, (IOCxF register bits), can be cleared by resetting them to zero. If another edge is detected during this clearing operation, the associated status flag will be set at the end of the sequence, regardless of the value actually being written. Figure 14-1 is a block diagram of the IOC module. 14.1 Interrupt Flags Enabling the Module To allow individual pins to generate an interrupt, the IOCIE bit of the PIE0 register must be set. If the IOCIE bit is disabled, the edge detection on the pin will still occur, but an interrupt will not be generated. In order to ensure that no detected edge is lost while clearing flags, only AND operations masking out known changed bits should be performed. The following sequence is an example of what should be performed. 14.2 Individual Pin Configuration EXAMPLE 14-1: For each pin, a rising edge detector and a falling edge detector are present. To enable a pin to detect a rising edge, the associated bit of the IOCxP register is set. To enable a pin to detect a falling edge, the associated bit of the IOCxN register is set. MOVLW XORWF ANDWF A pin can be configured to detect rising and falling edges simultaneously by setting the associated bits in both of the IOCxP and IOCxN registers. 14.5 CLEARING INTERRUPT FLAGS (PORTA EXAMPLE) 0xff IOCAF, W IOCAF, F Operation in Sleep The interrupt-on-change interrupt sequence will wake the device from Sleep mode, if the IOCIE bit is set. If an edge is detected while in Sleep mode, the affected IOCxF register will be updated prior to the first instruction executed out of Sleep. DS40001795B-page 170 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 FIGURE 14-1: INTERRUPT-ON-CHANGE BLOCK DIAGRAM (PORTA EXAMPLE) Rev. 10-000037A 7/30/2013 IOCANx D Q R Q4Q1 edge detect RAx IOCAPx D data bus = 0 or 1 Q write IOCAFx R D S to data bus IOCAFx Q R IOCIE Q2 IOC interrupt to CPU core from all other IOCnFx individual pin detectors FOSC Q1 Q1 Q2 Q2 Q2 Q3 Q3 Q4 Q4Q1 Q1 Q3 Q4 Q4Q1 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Q4 Q4Q1 Preliminary Q4Q1 DS40001795B-page 171 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 14.6 Register Definitions: Interrupt-on-Change Control REGISTER 14-1: IOCAP: INTERRUPT-ON-CHANGE PORTA POSITIVE EDGE REGISTER U-0 U-0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 — — IOCAP5 IOCAP4 IOCAP3 IOCAP2 IOCAP1 IOCAP0 bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-6 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 5-0 IOCAP<5:0>: Interrupt-on-Change PORTA Positive Edge Enable bits 1 = Interrupt-on-Change enabled on the pin for a positive going edge. IOCAFx bit and IOCIF flag will be set upon detecting an edge. 0 = Interrupt-on-Change disabled for the associated pin REGISTER 14-2: IOCAN: INTERRUPT-ON-CHANGE PORTA NEGATIVE EDGE REGISTER U-0 U-0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 — — IOCAN5 IOCAN4 IOCAN3 IOCAN2 IOCAN1 IOCAN0 bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-6 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 5-0 IOCAN<5:0>: Interrupt-on-Change PORTA Negative Edge Enable bits 1 = Interrupt-on-Change enabled on the pin for a negative going edge. IOCAFx bit and IOCIF flag will be set upon detecting an edge. 0 = Interrupt-on-Change disabled for the associated pin DS40001795B-page 172 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 14-3: IOCAF: INTERRUPT-ON-CHANGE PORTA FLAG REGISTER U-0 U-0 — — R/W/HS-0/0 R/W/HS-0/0 R/W/HS-0/0 IOCAF5 IOCAF4 IOCAF3 R/W/HS-0/0 R/W/HS-0/0 R/W/HS-0/0 IOCAF2 IOCAF1 IOCAF0 bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared HS - Bit is set in hardware bit 7-6 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 5-0 IOCAF<5:0>: Interrupt-on-Change PORTA Flag bits 1 = An enabled change was detected on the associated pin Set when IOCAPx = 1 and a rising edge was detected on RAx, or when IOCANx = 1 and a falling edge was detected on RAx. 0 = No change was detected, or the user cleared the detected change. REGISTER 14-4: IOCBP: INTERRUPT-ON-CHANGE PORTB POSITIVE EDGE REGISTER(1) R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 IOCBP7 IOCBP6 IOCBP5 IOCBP4 — — — — bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-4 bit 3-0 Note 1: IOCBP<7:4>: Interrupt-on-Change PORTB Positive Edge Enable bits 1 = Interrupt-on-Change enabled on the pin for a positive going edge. IOCAFx bit and IOCIF flag will be set upon detecting an edge. 0 = Interrupt-on-Change disabled for the associated pin Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ PIC16(L)F18345 only. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 173 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 14-5: IOCBN: INTERRUPT-ON-CHANGE PORTB NEGATIVE EDGE REGISTER(1) R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 IOCBN7 IOCBN6 IOCBN5 IOCBN4 — — — — bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-4 IOCBN<7:4>: Interrupt-on-Change PORTB Negative Edge Enable bits 1 = Interrupt-on-Change enabled on the pin for a negative going edge. IOCAFx bit and IOCIF flag will be set upon detecting an edge. 0 = Interrupt-on-Change disabled for the associated pin bit 3-0 Note 1: Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ PIC16(L)F18345 only. REGISTER 14-6: IOCBF: INTERRUPT-ON-CHANGE PORTB FLAG REGISTER(1) R/W/HS-0/0 R/W/HS-0/0 IOCBF7 IOCBF6 R/W/HS-0/0 R/W/HS-0/0 IOCBF5 IOCBF4 U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 — — — — bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared HS - Bit is set in hardware bit 7-4 bit 3-0 Note 1: IOCBF<7:4>: Interrupt-on-Change PORTB Flag bits 1 = An enabled change was detected on the associated pin Set when IOCBPx = 1 and a rising edge was detected on RBx, or when IOCBNx = 1 and a falling edge was detected on RBx. 0 = No change was detected, or the user cleared the detected change. Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ PIC16(L)F18345 only. DS40001795B-page 174 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 14-7: R/W-0/0 IOCCP: INTERRUPT-ON-CHANGE PORTC POSITIVE EDGE REGISTER R/W-0/0 IOCCP7(1) IOCCP6 (1) R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 IOCCP5 IOCCP4 IOCCP3 IOCCP2 IOCCP1 IOCCP0 bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-6 IOCCP<7:6>: Interrupt-on-Change PORTC Positive Edge Enable bits(1) 1 = Interrupt-on-Change enabled on the pin for a positive going edge. IOCCFx bit and IOCIF flag will be set upon detecting an edge. 0 = Interrupt-on-Change disabled for the associated pin bit 5-0 IOCCP<5:0>: Interrupt-on-Change PORTC Positive Edge Enable bits 1 = Interrupt-on-Change enabled on the pin for a positive going edge. IOCCFx bit and IOCIF flag will be set upon detecting an edge. 0 = Interrupt-on-Change disabled for the associated pin PIC16(L)F18345 only. Note 1: REGISTER 14-8: R/W-0/0 (1) IOCCN7 IOCCN: INTERRUPT-ON-CHANGE PORTC NEGATIVE EDGE REGISTER R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 IOCCN6(1) IOCCN5 IOCCN4 IOCCN3 IOCCN2 IOCCN1 IOCCN0 bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-6 IOCCN<7:6>: Interrupt-on-Change PORTC Negative Edge Enable bits(1) 1 = Interrupt-on-Change enabled on the pin for a negative going edge. IOCCFx bit and IOCIF flag will be set upon detecting an edge. 0 = Interrupt-on-Change disabled for the associated pin bit 5-0 IOCCN<5:0>: Interrupt-on-Change PORTC Negative Edge Enable bits 1 = Interrupt-on-Change enabled on the pin for a negative going edge. IOCCFx bit and IOCIF flag will be set upon detecting an edge. 0 = Interrupt-on-Change disabled for the associated pin Note 1: PIC16(L)F18345 only. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 175 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 14-9: R/W/HS-0/0 IOCCF: INTERRUPT-ON-CHANGE PORTC FLAG REGISTER R/W/HS-0/0 IOCCF7(1) R/W/HS-0/0 R/W/HS-0/0 R/W/HS-0/0 (1) IOCCF6 IOCCF5 IOCCF4 IOCCF3 R/W/HS-0/0 R/W/HS-0/0 R/W/HS-0/0 IOCCF2 IOCCF1 IOCCF0 bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared HS - Bit is set in hardware bit 7-6 IOCCF<7:6>: Interrupt-on-Change PORTC Flag bits 1 = An enabled change was detected on the associated pin. Set when IOCCPx = 1 and a rising edge was detected on RCx, or when IOCCNx = 1 and a falling edge was detected on RCx. 0 = No change was detected, or the user cleared the detected change. bit 5-0 IOCCF<5:0>: Interrupt-on-Change PORTC Flag bits 1 = An enabled change was detected on the associated pin. Set when IOCCPx = 1 and a rising edge was detected on RCx, or when IOCCNx = 1 and a falling edge was detected on RCx. 0 = No change was detected, or the user cleared the detected change. PIC16(L)F18345 only. Note 1: TABLE 14-1: Name ANSELA (1) ANSELB ANSELC TRISA TRISB(1) TRISC SUMMARY OF REGISTERS ASSOCIATED WITH INTERRUPT-ON-CHANGE Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Register on Page — — ANSA4 ANSA4 — ANSA2 ANSA1 ANSA0 142 ANSB6 ANSB5 ANSB4 — — — — 148 ANSB7 (1) ANSC6(1) ANSC5 ANSC4 ANSC3 ANSC2 ANSC1 ANSC0 155 — — TRISA5 TRISA4 —(2) TRISA2 TRISA1 TRISA0 141 TRISB7 TRISB6 TRISB5 TRISB4 — — — — 147 TRISC6(1) TRISC5 TRISC4 TRISC3 TRISC2 TRISC1 TRISC0 154 ANSC7 TRISC7 (1) GIE PEIE — — — — — INTEDG 98 PIE0 — — TMR0IE IOCIE — — — INTE 99 IOCAP — — IOCAP5 IOCAP4 IOCAP3 IOCAP2 IOCAP1 IOCAP0 172 IOCAN — — IOCAN5 IOCAN4 IOCAN3 IOCAN2 IOCAN1 IOCAN0 172 INTCON — — IOCAF5 IOCAF4 IOCAF3 IOCAF2 IOCAF1 IOCAF0 173 IOCBP(1) IOCBP7 IOCBP6 IOCBP5 IOCBP4 — — — — 173 IOCBN(1) IOCBN7 IOCBN6 IOCBN5 IOCBN4 — — — — 174 (1) IOCBF7 IOCBF6 IOCBF5 IIOCBF4 — — — — 174 IOCAF IOCBF (1) IOCCP IOCCP7 IOCCP6(1) IOCCP5 IOCCP4 IOCCP3 IOCCP2 IOCCP1 IOCCP0 175 IOCCN IOCCN7(1) IOCCN6(1) IOCCN5 IOCCN4 IOCCN3 IOCCN2 IOCCN1 IOCCN0 175 IOCCF IOCCF7(1) IOCCF5 IOCCF4 IOCCF3 IOCCF2 IOCCF1 IOCCF0 176 IOCCF6(1) Legend: — = unimplemented location, read as ‘0’. Shaded cells are not used by interrupt-on-change. Note 1: PIC16(L)F18345 only. 2: Unimplemented, read as ‘1’. DS40001795B-page 176 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 15.0 FIXED VOLTAGE REFERENCE (FVR) 15.1 The output of the FVR, which is supplied to the ADC, Comparators and DAC, is routed through two independent programmable gain amplifiers. Each amplifier can be programmed for a gain of 1x, 2x or 4x, to produce the three possible voltage levels. The Fixed Voltage Reference, or FVR, is a stable voltage reference, independent of VDD, with 1.024V, 2.048V or 4.096V selectable output levels. The output of the FVR can be configured to supply a reference voltage to the following: • • • • The ADFVR<1:0> bits of the FVRCON register are used to enable and configure the gain amplifier settings for the reference supplied to the ADC module. Reference Section 21.0 “Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) Module” for additional information. ADC input channel ADC positive reference Comparator positive input Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC) The CDAFVR<1:0> bits of the FVRCON register are used to enable and configure the gain amplifier settings for the reference supplied to the DAC and comparator module. Reference Section 23.0 “5-bit Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC1) Module” and Section 17.0 “Comparator Module” for additional information. The FVR can be enabled by setting the FVREN bit of the FVRCON register. Note: Independent Gain Amplifiers Fixed Voltage Reference output cannot exceed VDD. 15.2 FVR Stabilization Period When the Fixed Voltage Reference module is enabled, it requires time for the reference and amplifier circuits to stabilize. Once the circuits stabilize and are ready for use, the FVRRDY bit of the FVRCON register will be set. FIGURE 15-1: VOLTAGE REFERENCE BLOCK DIAGRAM Rev. 10-000 053C 12/9/201 3 ADFVR<1:0> CDAFVR<1:0> FVREN Note 1 Note: 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. 2 1x 2x 4x FVR_buffer1 (To ADC Module) 1x 2x 4x FVR_buffer2 (To Comparators and DAC) 2 + _ FVRRDY Any peripheral requiring the fixed reference (see Table 15-1). Preliminary DS40001795B-page 177 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 15.3 Register Definitions: FVR Control REGISTER 15-1: R/W-0/0 FVREN FVRCON: FIXED VOLTAGE REFERENCE CONTROL REGISTER R-q/q R/W-0/0 (1) FVRRDY TSEN (3) R/W-0/0 TSRNG R/W-0/0 (3) R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 CDAFVR<1:0> R/W-0/0 ADFVR<1:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared q = Value depends on condition bit 7 FVREN: Fixed Voltage Reference Enable bit 1 = Fixed Voltage Reference is enabled 0 = Fixed Voltage Reference is disabled bit 6 FVRRDY: Fixed Voltage Reference Ready Flag bit(1) 1 = Fixed Voltage Reference output is ready for use 0 = Fixed Voltage Reference output is not ready or not enabled bit 5 TSEN: Temperature Indicator Enable bit(3) 1 = Temperature Indicator is enabled 0 = Temperature Indicator is disabled bit 4 TSRNG: Temperature Indicator Range Selection bit(3) 1 = VOUT = VDD - 4VT (High Range) 0 = VOUT = VDD - 2VT (Low Range) bit 3-2 CDAFVR<1:0>: Comparator FVR Buffer Gain Selection bits 11 = Comparator FVR Buffer Gain is 4x, (4.096V)(2) 10 = Comparator FVR Buffer Gain is 2x, (2.048V)(2) 01 = Comparator FVR Buffer Gain is 1x, (1.024V) 00 = Comparator FVR Buffer is off bit 1-0 ADFVR<1:0>: ADC FVR Buffer Gain Selection bit 11 = ADC FVR Buffer Gain is 4x, (4.096V)(2) 10 = ADC FVR Buffer Gain is 2x, (2.048V)(2) 01 = ADC FVR Buffer Gain is 1x, (1.024V) 00 = ADC FVR Buffer is off Note 1: 2: 3: FVRRDY is always ‘1’. Fixed Voltage Reference output cannot exceed VDD. See Section 16.0 “Temperature Indicator Module” for additional information. DS40001795B-page 178 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 TABLE 15-1: Name FVRCON SUMMARY OF REGISTERS ASSOCIATED WITH FIXED VOLTAGE REFERENCE Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 FVREN FVRRDY TSEN TSRNG ADCON0 ADCON1 Bit 3 Bit 2 CDAFVR<1:0> ADCS<2:0> CMxCON1 CxINTP CxINTN DAC1CON0 DAC1EN — — ADNREF CxPCH<2:0> DAC1OE — Bit 0 ADFVR<1:0> GO/DONE CHS<5:0> ADFM Bit 1 ADON ADPREF<1:0> CxNCH<2:0> DAC1PPS<1:0> — Register on page 178 242 243 189 DAC1NSS 261 Legend: Shaded cells are not used with the Fixed Voltage Reference. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 179 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 16.0 TEMPERATURE INDICATOR MODULE FIGURE 16-1: This family of devices is equipped with a temperature circuit designed to measure the operating temperature of the silicon die. The circuit’s range of operating temperature falls between -40°C and +85°C. The output is a voltage that is proportional to the device temperature. The output of the temperature indicator is internally connected to the device ADC. VDD TSEN TSRNG The circuit may be used as a temperature threshold detector or a more accurate temperature indicator, depending on the level of calibration performed. A onepoint calibration allows the circuit to indicate a temperature closely surrounding that point. A two-point calibration allows the circuit to sense the entire range of temperature more accurately. Reference Application Note AN1333, “Use and Calibration of the Internal Temperature Indicator” (DS01333) for more details regarding the calibration process. 16.1 Circuit Operation Equation 16-1 describes the output characteristics of the temperature indicator. EQUATION 16-1: VOUT Temp. Indicator 16.2 Figure 16-1 shows a simplified block diagram of the temperature circuit. The proportional voltage output is achieved by measuring the forward voltage drop across multiple silicon junctions. VOUT RANGES TEMPERATURE CIRCUIT DIAGRAM To ADC Minimum Operating VDD When the temperature circuit is operated in low range, the device may be operated at any operating voltage that is within specifications. When the temperature circuit is operated in high range, the device operating voltage, VDD, must be high enough to ensure that the temperature circuit is correctly biased. Table 16-1 shows the recommended minimum VDD vs. range setting. High Range: VOUT = VDD - 4VT TABLE 16-1: Low Range: VOUT = VDD - 2VT The temperature sense circuit is integrated with the Fixed Voltage Reference (FVR) module. See Section 15.0 “Fixed Voltage Reference (FVR)” for more information. The circuit is enabled by setting the TSEN bit of the FVRCON register. When disabled, the circuit draws no current. The circuit operates in either high or low range. The high range, selected by setting the TSRNG bit of the FVRCON register, provides a wider output voltage. This provides more resolution over the temperature range, but may be less consistent from part to part. This range requires a higher bias voltage to operate and thus, a higher VDD is needed. RECOMMENDED VDD VS. RANGE Min. VDD, TSRNG = 1 Min. VDD, TSRNG = 0 3.6V 1.8V 16.3 Temperature Output The output of the circuit is measured using the internal Analog-to-Digital Converter. A channel is reserved for the temperature circuit output. Refer to Section 21.0 “Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) Module” for detailed information. The low range is selected by clearing the TSRNG bit of the FVRCON register. The low range generates a lower voltage drop and thus, a lower bias voltage is needed to operate the circuit. The low range is provided for low voltage operation. DS40001795B-page 180 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 16.4 ADC Acquisition Time To ensure accurate temperature measurements, the user must wait at least 200 s after the ADC input multiplexer is connected to the temperature indicator output before the conversion is performed. In addition, the user must wait 200 s between consecutive conversions of the temperature indicator output. TABLE 16-2: Name FVRCON SUMMARY OF REGISTERS ASSOCIATED WITH THE TEMPERATURE INDICATOR Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 FVREN FVRRDY TSEN TSRNG Bit 3 Bit 2 CDAFVR<1:0> Bit 1 Bit 0 ADFVR<1:0> Register on page 178 Legend: Shaded cells are unused by the temperature indicator module. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 181 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 17.0 COMPARATOR MODULE Comparators are used to interface analog circuits to a digital circuit by comparing two analog voltages and providing a digital indication of their relative magnitudes. Comparators are very useful mixed signal building blocks because they provide analog functionality independent of program execution. The analog comparator module includes the following features: • • • • • • • Programmable input selection Programmable output polarity Rising/falling output edge interrupts Wake-up from Sleep Programmable Speed/Power optimization CWG Auto-shutdown source Selectable voltage reference 17.1 Comparator Overview A single comparator is shown in Figure 17-1 along with the relationship between the analog input levels and the digital output. When the analog voltage at VIN+ is less than the analog voltage at VIN-, the output of the comparator is a digital low level. When the analog voltage at VIN+ is greater than the analog voltage at VIN-, the output of the comparator is a digital high level. The comparators available for this device are located in Table 17-1. TABLE 17-1: AVAILABLE COMPARATORS Device C1 C2 PIC16(L)F18325 ● ● PIC16(L)F18345 ● ● FIGURE 17-1: SINGLE COMPARATOR VIN+ + VIN- – Output VINVIN+ Output Note: The black areas of the output of the comparator represents the uncertainty due to input offsets and response time. DS40001795B-page 182 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 FIGURE 17-2: COMPARATOR MODULE SIMPLIFIED BLOCK DIAGRAM CxNCH<2:0> CxON(1) 3 CxINTP Interrupt det CXIN0- 0 CXIN1- 1 CXIN2- 2 MUX Set CxIF CXIN3- det 3 Reserved 4 Reserved 5 FVR BUFFER 2 6 CxINTN Interrupt (2) CXPOL CxVN - 0 D Cx CxVP ZLF + 1 EN Q1 7 CxHYS AGND CxSP to CMXCON0 (CXOUT) and CM2CON1 (MCXOUT) Q CxZLF async_CxOUT CXSYNC TRIS bit CXOUT 0 D CXIN+ 0 Reserved 1 Reserved 2 Reserved 3 Reserved 4 DAC_Output 5 FVR BUFFER 2 6 From Timer1 tmr1_clk MUX Q 1 sync_CxOUT To Timer1 (2) 7 AGND CxON CXPCH<2:0> 3 Note 1: 2: When CxON = 0, the comparator will produce a ‘0’ at the output. When CxON = 0, all multiplexer inputs are disconnected. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 183 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 17.2 17.2.3 Comparator Control Each comparator has two control registers: CMxCON0 and CMxCON1. The CMxCON0 register (see Register 17-1) contains Control and Status bits for the following: • • • • • • Enable Output Output polarity Speed/Power selection Hysteresis enable Timer1 output synchronization Inverting the output of the comparator is functionally equivalent to swapping the comparator inputs. The polarity of the comparator output can be inverted by setting the CxPOL bit of the CMxCON0 register. Clearing the CxPOL bit results in a non-inverted output. Table 17-2 shows the output state versus input conditions, including polarity control. TABLE 17-2: CxPOL CxOUT CxVN > CxVP 0 0 CxVN < CxVP 0 1 CxVN > CxVP 1 1 CxVN < CxVP 1 0 • Interrupt on positive/negative edge enables • Positive input channel selection • Negative input channel selection COMPARATOR ENABLE 17.3 Setting the CxON bit of the CMxCON0 register enables the comparator for operation. Clearing the CxON bit disables the comparator resulting in minimum current consumption. 17.2.2 COMPARATOR OUTPUT The output of the comparator can be monitored by reading either the CxOUT bit of the CMxCON0 register or the MCxOUT bit of the CMOUT register. The comparator output can also be routed to an external pin through the RxyPPS register (Register 12-2). The corresponding TRIS bit must be clear to enable the pin as an output. Note 1: The internal output of the comparator is latched with each instruction cycle. Unless otherwise specified, external outputs are not latched. COMPARATOR OUTPUT STATE VS. INPUT CONDITIONS Input Condition The CMxCON1 register (see Register 17-2) contains Control bits for the following: 17.2.1 COMPARATOR OUTPUT POLARITY Comparator Hysteresis A selectable amount of separation voltage can be added to the input pins of each comparator to provide a hysteresis function to the overall operation. Hysteresis is enabled by setting the CxHYS bit of the CMxCON0 register. See Comparator Specifications in Table 34-14 for more information. 17.4 Timer1 Gate Operation The output resulting from a comparator operation can be used as a source for gate control of Timer1. See Section 26.6 “Timer1 Gate” for more information. This feature is useful for timing the duration or interval of an analog event. It is recommended that the comparator output be synchronized to Timer1. This ensures that Timer1 does not increment while a change in the comparator is occurring. 17.4.1 COMPARATOR OUTPUT SYNCHRONIZATION The output from a comparator can be synchronized with Timer1 by setting the CxSYNC bit of the CMxCON0 register. Once enabled, the comparator output is latched on the falling edge of the Timer1 source clock. If a prescaler is used with Timer1, the comparator output is latched after the prescaling function. To prevent a race condition, the comparator output is latched on the falling edge of the Timer1 clock source and Timer1 increments on the rising edge of its clock source. See the Comparator Block Diagram (Figure 17-2) and the Timer1 Block Diagram (Figure 26-1) for more information. DS40001795B-page 184 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 17.5 Comparator Interrupt 17.7 An interrupt can be generated upon a change in the output value of the comparator for each comparator, a rising edge detector and a falling edge detector are present. When either edge detector is triggered and its associated enable bit is set (CxINTP and/or CxINTN bits of the CMxCON1 register), the Corresponding Interrupt Flag bit (CxIF bit of the PIR2 register) will be set. To enable the interrupt, you must set the following bits: • CxON, CxPOL and CxSP bits of the CMxCON0 register • CxIE bit of the PIE2 register • CxINTP bit of the CMxCON1 register (for a rising edge detection) • CxINTN bit of the CMxCON1 register (for a falling edge detection) • PEIE and GIE bits of the INTCON register The associated interrupt flag bit, CxIF bit of the PIR2 register, must be cleared in software. If another edge is detected while this flag is being cleared, the flag will still be set at the end of the sequence. Note: 17.6 Although a comparator is disabled, an interrupt can be generated by changing the output polarity with the CxPOL bit of the CMxCON0 register, or by switching the comparator on or off with the CxON bit of the CMxCON0 register. Comparator Positive Input Selection Comparator Negative Input Selection The CxNCH<2:0> bits of the CMxCON1 register direct an analog input pin and internal reference voltage or analog ground to the inverting input of the comparator: • CxIN- pin • FVR (Fixed Voltage Reference) • Analog Ground Some inverting input selections share a pin with the operational amplifier output function. Enabling both functions at the same time will direct the operational amplifier output to the comparator inverting input. Note: 17.8 To use CxINy+ and CxINy- pins as analog input, the appropriate bits must be set in the ANSEL register and the corresponding TRIS bits must also be set to disable the output drivers. Comparator Response Time The comparator output is indeterminate for a period of time after the change of an input source or the selection of a new reference voltage. This period is referred to as the response time. The response time of the comparator differs from the settling time of the voltage reference. Therefore, both of these times must be considered when determining the total response time to a comparator input change. See the Comparator and Voltage Reference Specifications in Table 34-14 for more details. Configuring the CxPCH<2:0> bits of the CMxCON1 register directs an internal voltage reference or an analog pin to the non-inverting input of the comparator: • • • • CxIN0+ analog pin DAC output FVR (Fixed Voltage Reference) VSS (Ground) See Section 15.0 “Fixed Voltage Reference (FVR)” for more information on the Fixed Voltage Reference module. See Section 23.0 “5-bit Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC1) Module” for more information on the DAC input signal. Any time the comparator is disabled (CxON = 0), all comparator inputs are disabled. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 185 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 17.9 Analog Input Connection Considerations A simplified circuit for an analog input is shown in Figure 17-3. Since the analog input pins share their connection with a digital input, they have reverse biased ESD protection diodes to VDD and VSS. The analog input, therefore, must be between VSS and VDD. If the input voltage deviates from this range by more than 0.6V in either direction, one of the diodes is forward biased and a latch-up may occur. Note 1: When reading a PORT register, all pins configured as analog inputs will read as a ‘0’. Pins configured as digital inputs will convert as an analog input, according to the input specification. 2: Analog levels on any pin defined as a digital input, may cause the input buffer to consume more current than is specified. A maximum source impedance of 10 k is recommended for the analog sources. Also, any external component connected to an analog input pin, such as a capacitor or a Zener diode, should have very little leakage current to minimize inaccuracies introduced. FIGURE 17-3: ANALOG INPUT MODEL VDD Rs < 10K Analog Input pin VT 0.6V RIC To Comparator VA CPIN 5 pF VT 0.6V ILEAKAGE(1) Vss Legend: CPIN = Input Capacitance ILEAKAGE = Leakage Current at the pin due to various junctions = Interconnect Resistance RIC RS = Source Impedance = Analog Voltage VA = Threshold Voltage VT Note 1: See I/O Ports in Table 34-4. DS40001795B-page 186 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 17.10 CWG Auto-shutdown Source The output of the comparator module can be used as an auto-shutdown source for the CWG module. When the output of the comparator is active and the corresponding ASxE is enabled, the CWG operation will be suspended immediately (Section 19.7.1.2 “External Input Source Shutdown”). 17.11 Operation in Sleep Mode The comparator module can operate during Sleep. The comparator clock source is based on the Timer1 clock source. If the Timer1 clock source is either the system clock (FOSC) or the instruction clock (FOSC/4), Timer1 will not operate during Sleep, and synchronized comparator outputs will not operate. A comparator interrupt will wake the device from Sleep. The CxIE bits of the PIE2 register must be set to enable comparator interrupts. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 187 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 17.12 Register Definitions: Comparator Control REGISTER 17-1: CMxCON0: COMPARATOR Cx CONTROL REGISTER 0 R/W-0/0 R-0/0 CxON CxOUT U-0 R/W-0/0 — CxPOL U-0 R/W-1/1 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 — CxSP CxHYS CxSYNC bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7 CxON: Comparator Enable bit 1 = Comparator is enabled 0 = Comparator is disabled and consumes no active power bit 6 CxOUT: Comparator Output bit If CxPOL = 1 (inverted polarity): 1 = CxVP < CxVN 0 = CxVP > CxVN If CxPOL = 0 (non-inverted polarity): 1 = CxVP > CxVN 0 = CxVP < CxVN bit 5 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 4 CxPOL: Comparator Output Polarity Select bit 1 = Comparator output is inverted 0 = Comparator output is not inverted bit 3 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 2 CxSP: Comparator Speed/Power Select bit 1 = Comparator operates in Normal-Power, High-Speed mode 0 = Reserved. (do not use) bit 1 CxHYS: Comparator Hysteresis Enable bit 1 = Comparator hysteresis enabled 0 = Comparator hysteresis disabled bit 0 CxSYNC: Comparator Output Synchronous Mode bit 1 = Comparator output to Timer1 and I/O pin is synchronous to changes on Timer1 clock source. Output updated on the falling edge of Timer1 clock source. 0 = Comparator output to Timer1 and I/O pin is asynchronous DS40001795B-page 188 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 17-2: CMxCON1: COMPARATOR Cx CONTROL REGISTER 1 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 CxINTP CxINTN R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 CxPCH<2:0> R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 CxNCH<2:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7 CxINTP: Comparator Interrupt on Positive Going Edge Enable bits 1 = The CxIF interrupt flag will be set upon a positive going edge of the CxOUT bit 0 = No interrupt flag will be set on a positive going edge of the CxOUT bit bit 6 CxINTN: Comparator Interrupt on Negative Going Edge Enable bits 1 = The CxIF interrupt flag will be set upon a negative going edge of the CxOUT bit 0 = No interrupt flag will be set on a negative going edge of the CxOUT bit bit 5-3 CxPCH<2:0>: Comparator Positive Input Channel Select bits 111 = CxVP connects to AVSS 110 = CxVP connects to FVR Buffer 2 101 = CxVP connects to DAC output 100 = CxVP unconnected 011 = CxVP unconnected 010 = CxVP unconnected 001 = CxVN unconnected 000 = CxVP connects to CxIN0+ pin bit 2-0 CxNCH<2:0>: Comparator Negative Input Channel Select bits 111 = CxVN connects to AVSS 110 = CxVN connects to FVR Buffer 2 101 = CxVN unconnected 100 = CxVN unconnected 011 = CxVN connects to CxIN3- pin 010 = CxVN connects to CxIN2- pin 001 = CxVN connects to CxIN1- pin 000 = CxVN connects to CxIN0- pin 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 189 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 17-3: CMOUT: COMPARATOR OUTPUT REGISTER U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 R-0/0 R-0/0 — — — — — — MC2OUT MC1OUT bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-2 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 1 MC2OUT: Mirror Copy of C2OUT bit bit 0 MC1OUT: Mirror Copy of C1OUT bit TABLE 17-3: Name ANSELA (1) ANSELB ANSELC SUMMARY OF REGISTERS ASSOCIATED WITH COMPARATOR MODULE Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Register on Page ― ― ANSA5 ANSA4 ― ANSA2 ANSA1 ANSA0 142 ANSB7 ANSB6 ANSB5 ANSB4 ― ― ― ― 148 ANSC7(1) ANSC6(1) ANSC5 ANSC4 ANSC3 ANSC2 ANSC1 ANSC0 155 TRISA ― ― TRISA5 TRISA4 ― TRISA2 TRISA1 TRISA0 141 TRISB(1) TRISB7 TRISB6 TRISB5 TRISB4 ― ― ― ― 147 TRISC6(1) TRISC5 TRISC4 TRISC3 TRISC2 TRISC1 TRISC0 154 ― CxPOL ― CxSP CxHYS CxSYNC 188 TRISC TRISC7 (1) CMxCON0 CxON CxOUT CMxCON1 CxINTP CxINTN CMOUT ― ― CxPCH<2:0> ― ― CxNCH<2:0> ― ― FVRCON FVREN FVRRDY TSEN TSRNG CDAFVR<1:0> DACCON0 DAC1EN ― DAC1OE ― DAC1PSS<1:0> DACCON1 ― ― ― ― ― MC2OUT 189 MC1OUT ADFVR<1:0> 190 178 ― DAC1NSS ― ― INTEDG 98 DAC1R<4:0> 261 262 INTCON GIE PEIE ― PIE2 TMR6IE C2IE C1IE NVMIE SSP2IE BLC2IE TMR4IE NCO1IE 101 PIR2 TMR6IF C2IF C1IF NVMIF SSP2IF BLC2IF TMR4IF NCO1IF 106 CMPxPPS ― ― ― CMPxPPS<4:0> 160 CLCINxPPS ― ― ― CLCINxPPS<4:0> 160 MDMINPPS ― ― ― MDMINPPS<4:0> 160 T1GPPS ― ― ― T1GPPS<4:0> 160 CWGxAS1 ― ― ― Legend: Note 1: AS4E AS3E AS2E AS1E AS0E 216 — = unimplemented location, read as ‘0’. Shaded cells are unused by the comparator module. PIC16(L)F18345 only. DS40001795B-page 190 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 18.0 PULSE-WIDTH MODULATION (PWM) The PWMx modules generate Pulse Width Modulated (PWM) signals of varying frequency and duty cycle. In addition to the CCP modules, the PIC16(L)F18325/18345 devices contain two PWM modules. These modules are essentially the same as the CCP modules without the Capture or Compare functionality. Pulse-Width Modulation (PWM) is a scheme that provides power to a load by switching quickly between fully on and fully off states. The PWM signal resembles a square wave where the high portion of the signal is considered the ‘on’ state (pulse width), and the low portion of the signal is considered the ‘off’ state. The term duty cycle describes the proportion of the ‘on’ time to the ‘off’ time and is expressed in percentages, where 0% is fully off and 100% is fully on. A lower duty cycle corresponds to less power applied and a higher duty cycle corresponds to more power applied. The PWM period is defined as the duration of one complete cycle or the total amount of on and off time combined. 18.1 The standard PWM mode generates a Pulse-Width Modulation (PWM) signal on the PWMx pin with up to ten bits of resolution. The period, duty cycle, and resolution are controlled by the following registers: • • • • • TMR2, TMR4 or TMR6 registers PR2, PR4 or PR6 registers PWMxCON registers PWMxDCH registers PWMxDCL registers Figure 28-2, "Compare Mode Operation Block Diagram" shows a simplified block diagram of the PWM operation. If PWMPOL = 0, the default state of the output is ‘0‘. If PWMPOL = 1, the default state is ‘1’. If PWMEN = ‘0’, the output will be the default state. Note: The corresponding TRIS bit must be cleared to enable the PWM output on the PWMx pin Note: The formulas and text refer to TMR2 and PR2, for simplicity. The same formulas and text apply to TMR4/6 and PR4/6. The timer sources can be selected in Register 18-4. For additional information on TMR2/4/6, please refer to Section 27.0 “Timer2/4/6 Module” PWM resolution defines the maximum number of steps that can be present in a single PWM period. A higher resolution allows for more precise control of the pulse width time and in turn the power that is applied to the load. Figure 18-1 shows a typical waveform of the PWM signal. FIGURE 18-1: Standard PWM Mode PWM OUTPUT Period Pulse Width TMR2 = PR2 TMR2 = PWMDC TMR2 = 0 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 191 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 FIGURE 18-2: SIMPLIFIED PWM BLOCK DIAGRAM Duty Cycle registers PWMDCL<7:6> PWMDCH Comparator TMR2 R Q S Q PWMx R Output Polarity (PWMPOL) Comparator PR2 18.1.1 PWM PERIOD 18.1.2 Referring to Figure 18-1, the PWM output has a period and a pulse width. The frequency of the PWM is the inverse of the period (1/period). The PWM period is specified by writing to the PR2 register. The PWM period can be calculated using the following formula: EQUATION 18-1: PWM PERIOD The PWM duty cycle is specified by writing a 10-bit value to the PWMxDC register. The PWMxDCH contains the eight MSbs and bits <7:6> of the PWMxDCL register contain the two LSbs. The PWMDC register is double-buffered and can be updated at any time. This double buffering is essential for glitch-free PWM operation. New values take effect when TMR2 = PR2. Note that PWMDC is left-justified. The 8-bit timer TMR2 register is concatenated with either the 2-bit internal system clock (FOSC), or two bits of the prescaler, to create the 10-bit time base. The system clock is used if the Timer2 prescaler is set to 1:1. PWM Period = PR2 + 1 4 T OSC (TMR2 Prescale Value) Note: PWM DUTY CYCLE TOSC = 1/FOSC When TMR2 is equal to PR2, the following three events occur on the next increment cycle: Equation 18-2 is used to calculate the PWM pulse width. • TMR2 is cleared • The PWMx pin is set (Exception: If the PWM duty cycle = 0%, the pin will not be set.) • The PWM pulse width is latched from PWMxDC. Equation 18-3 is used to calculate the PWM duty cycle ratio. Note: EQUATION 18-2: PULSE WIDTH Pulse Width = PWMxDC T OSC If the pulse width value is greater than the period the assigned PWM pin(s) will remain unchanged. (TMR2 Prescale Value) EQUATION 18-3: DUTY CYCLE RATIO PWMxDC Duty Cycle Ratio = ------------------------------4 PR2 + 1 DS40001795B-page 192 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 18.1.3 PWM RESOLUTION 18.1.7 The resolution determines the number of available duty cycles for a given period. For example, a 10-bit resolution will result in 1024 discrete duty cycles, whereas an 8-bit resolution will result in 256 discrete duty cycles. The maximum PWM resolution is ten bits when PR2 is 255. The resolution is a function of the PR2 register value as shown by Equation 18-4. EQUATION 18-4: log 4 PR2 + 1 Resolution = ----------------------------------------- bits log 2 Note: 18.1.4 If the pulse width value is greater than the period the assigned PWM pin(s) will remain unchanged. OPERATION IN SLEEP MODE In Sleep mode, the TMR2 register will not increment and the state of the module will not change. If the PWMx pin is driving a value, it will continue to drive that value. When the device wakes up, TMR2 will continue from its previous state. 18.1.5 CHANGES IN SYSTEM CLOCK FREQUENCY The PWM frequency is derived from the system clock frequency. Any changes in the system clock frequency will result in changes to the PWM frequency. See Section 6.0, Oscillator Module (with Fail-Safe Clock Monitor) for additional details. 18.1.6 SETUP FOR PWM OPERATION The following steps should be taken when configuring the module for using the PWMx outputs: 1. Disable the PWMx pin output driver(s) by setting the associated TRIS bit(s). 2. Configure the PWM output polarity by configuring the PWMxPOL bit of the PWMxCON register. 3. Load the PR2 register with the PWM period value, as determined by Equation 18-1. 4. Load the PWMxDCH register and bits <7:6> of the PWMxDCL register with the PWM duty cycle value, as determined by Equation 18-2. 5. Configure and start Timer2: • Clear the TMR2IF interrupt flag bit of the PIR1 register. • Select the Timer2 prescale value by configuring the T2CKPS bit of the T2CON register. • Enable Timer2 by setting the TMR2ON bit of the T2CON register. 6. Wait until the TMR2IF is set. 7. When the TMR2IF flag bit is set: • Clear the associated TRIS bit(s) to enable the output driver. • Route the signal to the desired pin by configuring the RxyPPS register. • Enable the PWMx module by setting the PWMxEN bit of the PWMxCON register. In order to send a complete duty cycle and period on the first PWM output, the above steps must be followed in the order given. If it is not critical to start with a complete PWM signal, then the PWM module can be enabled during Step 2 by setting the PWMxEN bit of the PWMxCON register. EFFECTS OF RESET Any Reset will force all ports to Input mode and the PWMx registers to their Reset states. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 193 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 18.2 Register Definitions: PWM Control REGISTER 18-1: PWMxCON: PWM CONTROL REGISTER R/W-0/0 U-0 R-0 R/W-0/0 U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 PWMxEN — PWMxOUT PWMxPOL — — — — bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7 PWMxEN: PWM Module Enable bit 1 = PWM module is enabled 0 = PWM module is disabled bit 6 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 5 PWMxOUT: PWM Module Output Level when bit is read. bit 4 PWMxPOL: PWMx Output Polarity Select bit 1 = PWM output is active-low. 0 = PWM output is active-high. bit 3-0 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ REGISTER 18-2: R/W-x/u PWMxDCH: PWM DUTY CYCLE HIGH BITS R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u PWMxDC<9:2> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-0 PWMxDC<9:2>: PWM Duty Cycle Most Significant bits These bits are the MSbs of the PWM duty cycle. The two LSbs are found in PWMxDCL Register. REGISTER 18-3: R/W-x/u PWMxDCL: PWM DUTY CYCLE LOW BITS R/W-x/u PWMxDC<1:0> U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 — — — — — — bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-6 PWMxDC<1:0>: PWM Duty Cycle Least Significant bits These bits are the LSbs of the PWM duty cycle. The MSbs are found in PWMxDCH Register. bit 5-0 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ DS40001795B-page 194 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 TABLE 18-1: EXAMPLE PWM FREQUENCIES AND RESOLUTIONS (FOSC = 20 MHz) PWM Frequency Timer Prescale PR2 Value Maximum Resolution (bits) TABLE 18-2: 1.22 kHz 4.88 kHz 19.53 kHz 78.12 kHz 156.3 kHz 208.3 kHz 16 4 1 1 1 1 0xFF 0xFF 0xFF 0x3F 0x1F 0x17 10 10 10 8 7 6.6 EXAMPLE PWM FREQUENCIES AND RESOLUTIONS (FOSC = 8 MHz) PWM Frequency 1.22 kHz Timer Prescale PR2 Value 19.61 kHz 76.92 kHz 153.85 kHz 200.0 kHz 16 4 1 1 1 1 0xFF 0xFF 0xFF 0x3F 0x1F 0x17 10 10 10 8 7 6.6 R/W-0/0 R/W-1/1 Maximum Resolution (bits) REGISTER 18-4: 4.90 kHz PWMTMRS: PWM TIMERS CONTROL REGISTER U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 — — — — R/W-0/0 R/W-1/1 P6TSEL<1:0> bit 7 P5TSEL<1:0> bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-4 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 3-2 P6TSEL<1:0>: PWM6 Mode Timer Selection 00 = Reserved 01 = PWM6 is based on TMR2 10 = PWM6 is based on TMR4 11 = PWM6 is based on TMR6 bit 1-0 P5TSEL<1:0>: PWM5 Mode Timer Selection 00 = Reserved 01 = PWM5 is based on TMR2 10 = PWM5 is based on TMR4 11 = PWM5 is based on TMR6 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 195 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 TABLE 18-3: SUMMARY OF REGISTERS ASSOCIATED WITH PWMx Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Register on Page TRISA — — TRISA5 TRISA4 —(2) TRISA2 TRISA1 TRISA0 141 ANSELA — — ANSA5 ANSA4 — ANSA2 ANSA1 ANSA0 142 TRISB4 Name TRISB(1) TRISB7 TRISB6 TRISB5 — — — — 147 ANSELB(1) ANSB7 ANSB6 ANSB5 ANSB4 — — — — 148 (1) (1) TRISC TRISC7 TRISC6 TRISC5 TRISC4 TRISC3 TRISC2 TRISC1 TRISC0 154 ANSELC ANSC7(1) ANSC6(1) ANSC5 ANSC4 ANSC3 ANSC2 ANSC1 ANSC0 155 — PWM5OUT PWM5POL — — — — 194 PWM5CON PWM5EN PWM5DCH PWM5DCL PWM5DC<9:2> PWM5DC<1:0> PWM6CON PWM6EN — 194 — — — — — — 194 PWM6OUT PWM6POL — — — — 194 PWM6DCH PWM6DC<9:2> 194 PWM6DCL PWM6DC<1:0> — — — — 194 PWMTMRS — — — — P6TSEL<1:0> P5TSEL<1:0> 195 GIE PEIE — — — — — INTEDG 98 PIR1 TMR1GIF ADIF RCIF TXIF SSP1IF BCL1IF TMR2IF TMR1IF 105 PIR2 TMR6IF C2IF C1IF NVMIF SSP2IF BCL2IF TMR4IF NCO1IF 106 PIE1 TMR1GIE ADIE RCIE TXIE SSP1IE BCL1IE TMR2IE TMR1IE 100 PIE2 TMR6IE C2IE C1IE NVMIE SSP2IE BCL2IE TMR4IE NCO1IE INTCON — — 101 T2CON — T2OUTPS<3:0> TMR2ON T2CKPS<1:0> 296 T4CON — T4OUTPS<3:0> TMR4ON T4CKPS<1:0> 290 T6CON — T6OUTPS<3:0> TMR6ON T6CKPS<1:0> 290 TMR2 TMR2<7:0> 297 TMR4 TMR4<7:0> 297 TMR6 TMR6<7:0> 297 PR2 PR2<7:0> 297 PR4 PR4<7:0> 297 PR6 PR6<7:0> 297 RxyPPS — — — CWGxDAT — — — — CLCxSELy — — MDSRC — — — MDCARH — MDCHPOL MDCHSYNC MDCARL — MDCLPOL MDCLSYNC RxyPPS<4:0> 161 DAT<3:0> 213 — MDMS<3:0> 270 — MDCH<3:0> 271 — MDCL<3:0> 272 LCxDyS<5:0> 227 Legend: - = Unimplemented locations, read as ‘0’. Shaded cells are not used by the PWM module. Note 1: PIC16(L)F18345 only. 2: Unimplemented, read as ‘1’. DS40001795B-page 196 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 19.0 COMPLEMENTARY WAVEFORM GENERATOR (CWG) MODULE The Complementary Waveform Generator (CWGx) produces complementary waveforms with dead-band delay from a selection of input sources. The CWGx module has the following features: • • • • • Selectable dead-band clock source control Selectable input sources Output enable control Output polarity control Dead-band control with independent 6-bit rising and falling edge dead-band counters • Auto-shutdown control with: - Selectable shutdown sources - Auto-restart enable - Auto-shutdown pin override control 19.2 The CWGx module can operate in six different modes, as specified by the MODE<2:0> bits of the CWGxCON0 register: • • • • • • Half-Bridge mode Push-Pull mode Asynchronous Steering mode Synchronous Steering mode Full-Bridge mode, Forward Full-Bridge mode, Reverse All modes accept a single pulse data input, and provide up to four outputs as described in the following sections. All modes include auto-shutdown control as described in Section 19.11 “Register Definitions: CWG Control” Note: 19.1 Fundamental Operation The CWG generates two output waveforms from the selected input source. The off-to-on transition of each output can be delayed from the on-to-off transition of the other output, thereby, creating a time delay immediately where neither output is driven. This is referred to as dead time and is covered in Section 19.6 “Dead-Band Control”. It may be necessary to guard against the possibility of circuit faults or a feedback event arriving too late or not at all. In this case, the active drive must be terminated before the Fault condition causes damage. This is referred to as auto-shutdown and is covered in Section 19.7 “Auto-Shutdown Control”. FIGURE 19-1: Operating Modes 19.2.1 Except as noted for Full-bridge mode (Section 19.2.4 “Full-Bridge Modes”), mode changes should only be performed while EN = 0 (Register 19-1). HALF-BRIDGE MODE In Half-Bridge mode, two output signals are generated as true and inverted versions of the input as illustrated in Figure 19-1. A non-overlap (dead-band) time is inserted between the two outputs to prevent shootthrough current in various power supply applications. Dead-band control is described in Section 19.6 “Dead-Band Control”. Steering modes are not used in Half-Bridge mode. The unused outputs, CWGxC and CWGxD, drive similar signals with polarity independently controlled by POLC and POLD, respectively. CWGx HALF-BRIDGE MODE OPERATION CWG[ clock Input source CWG[B Falling Event Dead Band 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Rising Event Dead Band Rising Event Dead Band Rising Event Dead Band CWG[A Falling Event Dead Band Preliminary Falling Event Dead Band DS40001795B-page 197 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 19.2.2 PUSH-PULL MODE In Push-Pull mode, two output signals are generated, alternating copies of the input as illustrated in Figure 19-2. This alternation creates the push-pull effect required for driving some transformer based power supply designs. Dead-band control is not used in Push-Pull mode. Steering modes are not used in Push-Pull mode. The push-pull sequencer is reset whenever EN = 0 or if an auto-shutdown event occurs. The sequencer is clocked by the first input pulse, and the first output appears on CWGxA. The unused outputs CWGxC and CWGxD drive copies of CWGxA and CWGxB, respectively, but with polarity controlled by POLC and POLD. FIGURE 19-2: CWGx PUSH-PULL MODE OPERATION CWG[ clock Input source CWG[A CWG[B 19.2.3 STEERING MODES In both Synchronous and Asynchronous Steering modes, the modulated input signal can be steered to any combination of four CWG outputs and a fixed-value will be presented on all the outputs not used for the PWM output. Each output has independent polarity, steering, and shutdown options. Dead-band control is not used in either Steering mode. When STRy = 0 (Register 19-5), the corresponding pin is held at the level defined by SDATy (Register 19-5). When STRy = 1, the pin is driven by the modulated input signal. The POLy bits (Register 19-2) control the signal polarity only when STRy = 1. The CWG auto-shutdown operation also applies to Steering modes as described in Section 19.11 “Register Definitions: CWG Control”. Note: Only the WGSTRy bits are synchronized; the WGSDATy (data) bits are not synchronized. DS40001795B-page 198 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 19.2.3.1 Synchronous Steering Mode In Synchronous Steering mode (MODE<2:0> bits = 001, Register 19-1), changes to steering selection registers take effect on the next rising edge of the modulated data input (Figure 19-3). In Synchronous Steering mode, the output will always produce a complete waveform. FIGURE 19-3: EXAMPLE OF SYNCHRONOUS STEERING (MODE<2:0> = 001) Rising edge of input Rising edge of input CWG[ INPUT WGSTRA CWG[A CWG[A follows CWG[ input 19.2.3.2 Asynchronous Steering Mode In Asynchronous mode (MODE<2:0> bits = 000, Register 19-1), steering takes effect at the end of the instruction cycle that writes to WGxSTR. In Asynchronous Steering mode, the output signal may be an incomplete waveform (Register 19-4). This operation may be useful when the user firmware needs to immediately remove a signal from the output pin. FIGURE 19-4: EXAMPLE OF ASYNCHRONOUS STEERING (MODE<2:0> = 000) CWG[ INPUT End of Instruction Cycle End of Instruction Cycle WGSTRA CWG[A CWG[A follows CWG[ input 19.2.3.3 Start-up Considerations The application hardware must use the proper external pull-up and/or pull-down resistors on the CWG output pins. This is required because all I/O pins are forced to high-impedance at Reset. The POLy bits (Register 19-2) allow the user to choose whether the output signals are active-high or activelow. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 199 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 19.2.4 FULL-BRIDGE MODES In Forward and Reverse Full-Bridge modes, three outputs drive static values while the fourth is modulated by the data input. Dead-band control is described in Section 19.2.3 “Steering Modes” and Section 19.6 “Dead-Band Control”. Steering modes are not used with either of the Full-Bridge modes. The mode selection may be toggled between forward and reverse (changing MODE<2:0>) without clearing EN. When connected as shown in Figure 19-5, the outputs are appropriate for a full-bridge motor driver. Each CWG output signal has independent polarity control, so the circuit can be adapted to high-active and low-active drivers. FIGURE 19-5: EXAMPLE OF FULL-BRIDGE APPLICATION V+ FET Driver QA QC FET Driver CWG[A CWG[B Load CWG[C FET Driver FET Driver CWG[D QB QD V- DS40001795B-page 200 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 19.2.4.1 Full-Bridge Forward Mode 19.2.4.2 In Full-Bridge Forward mode (MODE<2:0> = 010), CWGxA is driven to its active state and CWGxD is modulated while CWGxB and CWGxC are driven to their inactive state, as illustrated at the top of Figure 19-6. FIGURE 19-6: Full-Bridge Reverse Mode In Full-Bridge Reverse mode (MODE<2:0> = 011), CWGxC is driven to its active state and CWGxB is modulated while CWGxA and CWGxD are driven to their inactive state, as illustrated at the bottom of Figure 19-6. EXAMPLE OF FULL-BRIDGE OUTPUT Forward Mode Period CWG[A(2) CWG[B(2) CWG[C(2) Pulse Width CWG[D(2) (1) Reverse Mode (1) Period CWG[A(2) Pulse Width CWG[B(2) CWG[C(2) CWG[D(2) (1) (1) Note 1: A rising CWG data input creates a rising event on the modulated output. 2: Output signals shown as active-high; all POLy bits are clear. 19.2.4.3 Direction Change in Full-Bridge Mode In Full-Bridge mode, changing MODE<2:0> controls the forward/reverse direction. Changes to MODE<2:0> change to the new direction on the next rising edge of the modulated input. A direction change is initiated in software by changing the MODE<2:0> bits of the WGxCON0 register. The sequence is illustrated in Figure 19-7. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. • The associated active output CWGxA and the inactive output CWGxC are switched to drive in the opposite direction. • The previously modulated output CWGxD is switched to the inactive state, and the previously inactive output CWGxB begins to modulate. • CWG modulation resumes after the direction-switch dead band has elapsed. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 201 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 19.2.4.4 Dead-Band Delay in Full-Bridge Mode Dead-band delay is important when either of the following conditions is true: 1. 2. The direction of the CWG output changes when the duty cycle of the data input is at or near 100%, or The turn-off time of the power switch, including the power device and driver circuit, is greater than the turn-on time. The dead-band delay is inserted only when changing directions, and only the modulated output is affected. The statically-configured outputs (CWGxA and CWGxC) are not afforded dead band, and switch essentially simultaneously. FIGURE 19-7: Figure 19-7 shows an example of the CWG outputs changing directions from forward to reverse, at near 100% duty cycle. In this example, at time t1, the output of CWGxA and CWGxD become inactive, while output CWGxC becomes active. Since the turn-off time of the power devices is longer than the turn-on time, a shootthrough current will flow through power devices QC and QD for the duration of ‘t’. The same phenomenon will occur to power devices QA and QB for the CWG direction change from reverse to forward. If changing the CWG direction at high duty cycle is required for an application, two possible solutions for eliminating the shoot-through current are: 1. Reduce the CWG duty cycle for one period before changing directions. 2. Use switch drivers that can drive the switches off faster than they can drive them on. EXAMPLE OF PWM DIRECTION CHANGE AT NEAR 100% DUTY CYCLE Forward Period t1 Reverse Period CWG[A CWG[B Pulse Width CWG[C CWG[D Pulse Width TON External Switch C TOFF External Switch D Potential ShootThrough Current DS40001795B-page 202 T = TOFF - TON Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 FIGURE 19-8: SIMPLIFIED CWGx BLOCK DIAGRAM (HALF-BRIDGE MODE, MODE<2:0> = 100) Rev. 10-000209A 10/16/2014 LSAC<1:0> ‘1’ 00 ‘0’ 01 High-Z 10 11 Rising Dead-Band Block CWG CLOCK clock cwg data 1 cwg data A data out data in 0 CWGxA POLA LSBD<1:0> ‘1’ 00 ‘0’ 01 High-Z 10 11 Falling Dead-Band Block clock 1 cwg data B data out data in LSAC<1:0> cwg data CWG DATA INPUT D 0 CWGxB POLB ‘1’ 00 ‘0’ 01 High-Z 10 Q E 11 EN 1 0 CWGxC POLC AS0E CWGxPPS AS1E C1OUT AS2E C2OUT LSBD<1:0> Autoshutdown source AS3E CLC2 AS4E CLC4 SHUTDOWN = 1 ‘1’ 00 ‘0’ 01 High-Z 10 11 S Q 1 R POLD 0 CWGxD REN SHUTDOWN = 0 SHUTDOWN FREEZE D Q cwg data 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 203 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 FIGURE 19-9: SIMPLIFIED CWG BLOCK DIAGRAM (PUSH-PULL MODE, MODE <2:0> = 101) Rev. 10-000210A 10/16/2014 LSAC<1:0> ‘1’ 00 ‘0’ 01 High-Z 10 11 1 cwg data A cwg data 0 CWGxA POLA LSBD<1:0> D Q ‘1’ 00 Q ‘0’ 01 High-Z 10 11 1 cwg data B 0 CWGxB POLB LSAC<1:0> cwg data CWG DATA INPUT D ‘1’ 00 ‘0’ 01 High-Z 10 Q E 11 EN 1 0 CWGxC POLC LSBD<1:0> AS0E CWGxPPS AS1E C1OUT AS2E C2OUT Autoshutdown source AS3E CLC2 ‘1’ 00 ‘0’ 01 High-Z 10 11 AS4E CLC4 S SHUTDOWN = 1 Q 1 R POLD REN 0 CWGxD SHUTDOWN = 0 SHUTDOWN FREEZE D Q cwg data DS40001795B-page 204 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 FIGURE 19-10: SIMPLIFIED CWG BLOCK DIAGRAM (OUTPUT STEERING MODES) Rev. 10-000211A 10/16/2014 MODE<2:0> = 000: Asynchronous LSAC<1:0> MODE<2:0> = 001: Synchronous ‘1’ 00 ‘0’ 01 High-Z 10 11 cwg data A 1 1 POLA 0 CWGxA 0 DATA STRA LSBD<1:0> ‘1’ 00 ‘0’ 01 High-Z 10 11 cwg data B DATB cwg data CWG DATA INPUT D 1 1 POLB 0 CWGxB 0 STRB LSAC<1:0> ‘1’ 00 ‘0’ 01 High-Z 10 Q E 11 EN cwg data C 1 1 POLC 0 CWGxC 0 DATC STRC AS0E CWGxPPS AS1E C1OUT AS2E C2OUT LSBD<1:0> Autoshutdown source AS3E CLC2 ‘1’ 00 ‘0’ 01 High-Z 10 11 AS4E CLC4 S SHUTDOWN = 1 Q R cwg data D 1 POLD REN 0 1 0 CWGxD DATD SHUTDOWN = 0 SHUTDOWN STRD FREEZE D Q cwg data 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 205 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 FIGURE 19-11: SIMPLIFIED CWG BLOCK DIAGRAM (FORWARD AND REVERSE FULL-BRIDGE MODES) Rev. 10-000212A 10/16/2014 MODE<2:0> = 010: Forward LSAC<1:0> MODE<2:0> = 011: Reverse Rising Dead-Band Block CWG CLOCK clock ‘1’ 00 ‘0’ 01 10 High-Z signal out signal in 11 1 cwg data A 0 CWGxA POLA cwg data MODE<2:0> D LSBD<1:0> Q Q cwg data cwg data ‘1’ 00 ‘0’ 01 10 High-Z 11 CWG CLOCK signal in signal out clock 1 cwg data B 0 CWGxB POLB Falling Dead-Band Block LSAC<1:0> cwg data CWGx DATA INPUT D ‘1’ 00 ‘0’ 01 High-Z 10 Q E 11 EN 1 cwg data C 0 CWGxC POLC LSBD<1:0> AS0E CWGxPPS AS1E C1OUT AS2E C2OUT Autoshutdown source AS3E CLC2 ‘1’ 00 ‘0’ 01 High-Z 10 11 AS4E CLC4 S SHUTDOWN = 1 Q R cwg data D POLD REN 1 0 CWGxD SHUTDOWN = 0 SHUTDOWN FREEZE D Q cwg data DS40001795B-page 206 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 19.3 19.5.2 Clock Source The clock source is used to drive the dead-band timing circuits. The CWGx module allows the following clock sources to be selected: • FOSC (system clock) • HFINTOSC (16 MHz only) When the HFINTOSC is selected the HFINTOSC will be kept running during Sleep. Therefore, CWG modes requiring dead band can operate in Sleep provided that the CWG data input is also active during Sleep. The clock sources are selected using the CS bit of the CWGxCLKCON register (Register 19-3). 19.4 Selectable Input Sources The CWG generates the output waveforms from the input sources in Table 19-1. TABLE 19-1: Source Peripheral Signal Name Comparator 1 output C2OUT Comparator 2 output CCP1 Capture/Compare/PWM output CCP2 Capture/Compare/PWM output CCP3 Capture/Compare/PWM output CCP4 Capture/Compare/PWM output PWM5 PWM5 output PWM6 output NCO1 Numerically Controlled Oscillator (NCO) output CLC1 Configurable Logic Cell 1 output Configurable Logic Cell 2 output CLC3 Configurable Logic Cell 3 output CLC4 Configurable Logic Cell 4 output The input sources are selected using the DAT<3:0> bits in the CWGxDAT register (Register 19-4). 19.5 Output Control Immediately after the CWG module is enabled, the complementary drive is configured with all output drives cleared. 19.5.1 CWGx OUTPUTS Each CWG output can be routed to a Peripheral Pin Select (PPS) output via the RxyPPS register (see Section 12.0 “Peripheral Pin Select (PPS) Module”). 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. 19.6 Dead-Band Control Dead-band control provides for non-overlapping output signals to prevent current shoot-through in power switches. The CWGx modules contain two 6-bit dead-band counters. These counters can be loaded with values that will determine the length of the dead band initiated on either the rising or falling edges of the input source. Dead-band control is used in either HalfBridge or Full-Bridge modes. 19.6.1 PWM6 CLC2 The polarity of each CWG output can be selected independently. When the output polarity bit is set, the corresponding output is active-low. Clearing the output polarity bit configures the corresponding output as active-high. However, polarity does not affect the override levels. Output polarity is selected with the POLy bits of the CWGxCON1 register. The rising-edge dead-band delay is determined by the rising dead-band count register (Register 19-8, CWGxDBR) and the falling-edge dead-band delay is determined by the falling dead-band count register (Register 19-9, CWGxDBF). Dead-band duration is established by counting the CWG clock periods from zero up to the value loaded into either the rising or falling dead-band counter registers. The dead-band counters are incremented on every rising edge of the CWG clock source. SELECTABLE INPUT SOURCES CWGxPPS CWG PPS input connection C1OUT POLARITY CONTROL RISING EDGE AND REVERSE DEAD BAND In Half-Bridge mode, the rising edge dead band delays the turn-on of the CWGxA output after the rising edge of the CWG data input. In Full-Bridge mode, the reverse dead-band delay is only inserted when changing directions from Forward mode to Reverse mode, and only the modulated output CWGxB is affected. The CWGxDBR register determines the duration of the dead-band interval on the rising edge of the input source signal. This duration is from 0 to 64 periods of the CWG clock. Dead band is always initiated on the edge of the input source signal. A count of zero indicates that no dead band is present. If the input source signal reverses polarity before the dead-band count is completed then no output will be seen on the respective output. The CWGxDBR register value is double-buffered. If EN = 0 (Register 19-1), the buffer is loaded when CWGxDBR is written. If EN = 1, then the buffer will be loaded at the rising edge, following the first falling edge of the data input after the LD bit (Register 19-1) is set. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 207 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 19.6.2 FALLING EDGE AND FORWARD DEAD BAND EQUATION 19-1: In Half-Bridge mode, the falling edge dead band delays the turn-on of the CWGxB output at the falling edge of the CWGx data input. In Full-Bridge mode, the forward dead-band delay is only inserted when changing directions from Reverse mode to Forward mode, and only the modulated output CWGxD is affected. The CWGxDBF register determines the duration of the dead-band interval on the falling edge of the input source signal. This duration is from zero to 64 periods of the CWG clock. DEAD-BAND DELAY TIME CALCULATION 1 T DEAD – BAND_MIN = --------------------------------- DBx 4:0> F CWG_CLOCK 1 TDEAD – BAND_MAX = --------------------------------- DBx 4:0> + 1 F CWG_CLOCK T JITTER = T DEAD – BAND_MAX – T DEAD – BAND_MIN Dead band is always initiated on the edge of the input source signal. A count of zero indicates that no dead band is present. 1 T JITTER = --------------------------------F CWG_CLOCK If the input source signal reverses polarity before the dead-band count is completed, then no output will be seen on the respective output. T DEAD – BAND_MAX = T DEAD – BAND_MIN + T JITTER The CWGxDBF register value is double-buffered. When EN = 0 (Register 19-1), the buffer is loaded when CWGxDBF is written. If EN = 1, then the buffer will be loaded at the rising edge following the first falling edge of the data input after the LD (Register 19-1) is set. 19.6.3 DEAD-BAND JITTER The CWG input data signal may be asynchronous to the CWG input clock, so some jitter may occur in the observed dead band in each cycle. The maximum jitter is equal to one CWG clock period. See Equation 19-1 for details and an example. Example: DBR 4:0> = 0x0A = 10 F CWG_CLOCK = 8 MHz 1 T JITTER = -----------------8 MHz TDEAD – BAND_MIN = 125 ns 10 = 1.25 s T DEAD – BAND_MAX = 1.25 s + 0.125 s = 1.37 s DS40001795B-page 208 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 19.7 19.7.1.3 Auto-Shutdown Control Auto-shutdown is a method to immediately override the CWG output levels with specific overrides that allow for safe shutdown of the circuit. The shutdown state can be either cleared automatically or held until cleared by software. 19.7.1 SHUTDOWN The shutdown state can be entered by either of the following two methods: • Software generated • External input Pin Override Levels The levels driven to the CWG outputs during an autoshutdown event are controlled by the LSBD<1:0> and LSAC<1:0> bits of the CWGxAS0 register (Register 196). The LSBD<1:0> bits control CWGxB/D output levels, while the LSAC<1:0> bits control the CWGxA/C output levels. 19.7.1.4 Auto-Shutdown Interrupts When an auto-shutdown event occurs, either by software or hardware setting SHUTDOWN, the CWGxIF flag bit of the PIR4 register is set (Register 7-11). The SHUTDOWN bit indicates when a Shutdown condition exists. The bit may be set or cleared in software or by hardware. 19.8 19.7.1.1 • Software controlled • Auto-restart Software-Generated Shutdown Setting the SHUTDOWN bit of the CWGxAS0 register will force the CWG into the shutdown state. When auto-restart is disabled, the shutdown state will persist as long as the SHUTDOWN bit is set. When auto-restart is enabled, the SHUTDOWN bit will clear automatically and resume operation on the next rising edge event. 19.7.1.2 External Input Source Shutdown Any of the auto-shutdown external inputs can be selected to suspend the CWG operation. These sources are individually enabled by the ASxE bits of the CWGxAS1 register (Register 19-7). When any of the selected inputs goes active (pins are active-low), the CWG outputs will immediately switch to the override levels selected by the LSBD<1:0> and LSAC<1:0> bits without any software delay (Section 19.7.1.3 “Pin Override Levels”). Any of the following external input sources can be selected to cause a Shutdown condition: • • • • Comparator C1 Comparator C2 CLC2 CWGxPPS Note: After an auto-shutdown event has occurred, there are two ways to resume operation: In either case, the shut-down source must be cleared before the restart can take place. That is, either the Shutdown condition must be removed, or the corresponding WGASxE bit must be cleared. 19.8.1 SOFTWARE-CONTROLLED RESTART If the REN bit of the CWGxASD0 register is clear (REN = 0), the CWGx module must be restarted after an auto-shutdown event through software. Once all auto-shutdown conditions are removed, the software must clear SHUTDOWN. Once SHUTDOWN is cleared, the CWG module will resume operation upon the first rising edge of the CWG data input. Note: 19.8.2 SHUTDOWN bit cannot be cleared in software if the auto-shutdown condition is still present. AUTO-RESTART If the REN bit of the CWGxASD0 register is set (REN = 1), the CWGx module will restart from the shutdown state automatically. Shutdown inputs are level sensitive, not edge sensitive. The shutdown state cannot be cleared, except by disabling auto-shutdown, as long as the shutdown input level persists. Once all auto-shutdown conditions are removed, the hardware will automatically clear SHUTDOWN. Once SHUTDOWN is cleared, the CWG module will resume operation upon the first rising edge of the CWG data input. Note: 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Auto-Shutdown Restart Preliminary SHUTDOWN bit cannot be cleared in software if the auto-shutdown condition is still present. DS40001795B-page 209 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 19.9 Operation During Sleep The CWGx module will operate during Sleep, provided that the input sources remain active. If the HFINTOSC is selected as the module clock source, dead-band generation will remain active. This will have a direct effect on the Sleep mode current. 19.10 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. Configuring the CWG Ensure that the TRIS control bits corresponding to CWG outputs are set so that all are configured as inputs, ensuring that the outputs are inactive during setup. External hardware should ensure that pin levels are held to safe levels. Clear the EN bit, if not already cleared. Configure the MODE<2:0> bits of the CWGxCON0 register to set the output operating mode. Configure the POLy bits of the CWGxCON1 register to set the output polarities. Configure the DAT<3:0> bits of the CWGxDAT register to select the data input source. If a Steering mode is selected, configure the STRy bits to select the desired output on the CWG outputs. Configure the LSBD<1:0> and LSAC<1:0> bits of the CWGxAS0 register to select the autoshutdown output override states (this is necessary even if not using auto-shutdown because start-up will be from a shutdown state). If auto-restart is desired, set the REN bit of CWGxAS0. If auto-shutdown is desired, configure the ASxE bits of the CWGxAS1 register to select the shutdown source. Set the desired rising and falling dead-band times with the CWGxDBR and CWGxDBF registers. Select the clock source in the CWGxCLKCON register. Set the EN bit to enable the module. Clear the TRIS bits that correspond to the CWG outputs to set them as outputs. If auto-restart is to be used, set the REN bit and the SHUTDOWN bit will be cleared automatically. Otherwise, clear the SHUTDOWN bit in software to start the CWG. DS40001795B-page 210 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 19.11 Register Definitions: CWG Control REGISTER 19-1: R/W-0/0 CWGxCON0: CWGx CONTROL REGISTER 0 R/W/HC-0/0 (1) EN LD U-0 U-0 U-0 — — — R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 MODE<2:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared HS/HC = Bit is set/cleared by hardware bit 7 EN: CWGx Enable bit 1 = CWGx is enabled 0 = CWGx is disabled bit 6 LD: CWG Load Buffers bit(1) 1 = Dead-band count buffers to be loaded on CWG data rising edge following first falling edge after this bit is set. 0 = Buffers remain unchanged bit 5-3 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 2-0 MODE<2:0>: CWGx Mode bits 111 = Reserved 110 = Reserved 101 = CWG outputs operate in Push-Pull mode 100 = CWG outputs operate in Half-Bridge mode 011 = CWG outputs operate in Reverse Full-Bridge mode 010 = CWG outputs operate in Forward Full-Bridge mode 001 = CWG outputs operate in Synchronous Steering mode 000 = CWG outputs operate in Asynchronous Steering mode Note 1: This bit can only be set after EN = 1; it cannot be set in the same cycle when EN is set. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 211 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 19-2: CWGxCON1: CWGx CONTROL REGISTER 1 U-0 U-0 R-x U-0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 — — IN — POLD POLC POLB POLA bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared q = Value depends on condition bit 7-6 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 5 IN: CWGx Data Input Signal (read-only) bit 4 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 3 POLD: WGxD Output Polarity bit 1 = Signal output is inverted polarity 0 = Signal output is normal polarity bit 2 POLC: WGxC Output Polarity bit 1 = Signal output is inverted polarity 0 = Signal output is normal polarity bit 1 POLB: WGxB Output Polarity bit 1 = Signal output is inverted polarity 0 = Signal output is normal polarity bit 0 POLA: WGxA Output Polarity bit 1 = Signal output is inverted polarity 0 = Signal output is normal polarity REGISTER 19-3: CWGxCLKCON: CWGx CLOCK INPUT SELECTION REGISTER U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 R/W-0/0 — — — — — — — CS bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared q = Value depends on condition bit 7-1 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 0 CS: CWG Clock Source Selection Select bits WGCLK Clock Source 0 1 FOSC HFINTOSC (remains operating during Sleep) DS40001795B-page 212 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 19-4: CWGxDAT: CWGx DATA INPUT SELECTION REGISTER U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 — — — — R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 DAT<3:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared q = Value depends on condition bit 7-4 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 3-0 DAT<3:0>: CWG Data Input Selection bits WGDAT Data Source 0000 0001 0010 0011 0100 0101 0110 0111 1000 1001 1010 1011 1100 1101 1110 1111 CWGxPPS C1OUT C2OUT CCP1 CCP2 CCP3 CCP4 PWM5 PWM6 NCO1 CLC1 CLC2 CLC3 CLC4 Reserved Reserved 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 213 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 CWGxSTR(1): CWG STEERING CONTROL REGISTER REGISTER 19-5: R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 OVRD OVRC R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 OVRA STRD(2) (2) (2) STRA(2) OVRB STRC STRB bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared q = Value depends on condition bit 7 OVRD: Steering Data D bit bit 6 OVRC: Steering Data C bit bit 5 OVRB: Steering Data B bit bit 4 OVRA: Steering Data A bit bit 3 STRD: Steering Enable bit D(2) 1 = CWGxD output has the CWGx data input waveform with polarity control from POLD bit 0 = CWGxD output is assigned to value of OVRD bit bit 2 STRC: Steering Enable bit C(2) 1 = CWGxC output has the CWGx data input waveform with polarity control from POLC bit 0 = CWGxC output is assigned to value of OVRC bit bit 1 STRB: Steering Enable bit B(2) 1 = CWGxB output has the CWGx data input waveform with polarity control from POLB bit 0 = CWGxB output is assigned to value of OVRB bit bit 0 STRA: Steering Enable bit A(2) 1 = CWGxA output has the CWGx data input waveform with polarity control from POLA bit 0 = CWGxA output is assigned to value of OVRA bit Note 1: 2: The bits in this register apply only when MODE<2:0> = 00x (Register 19-1, steering modes). This bit is double-buffered when MODE<2:0> = 001. DS40001795B-page 214 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 19-6: CWGxAS0: CWG AUTO-SHUTDOWN CONTROL REGISTER 0 R/W/HS/SC-0/0 R/W-0/0 SHUTDOWN REN R/W-0/0 R/W-1/1 R/W-0/0 LSBD<1:0> R/W-1/1 LSAC<1:0> bit 7 U-0 U-0 — — bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared q = Value depends on condition bit 7 SHUTDOWN: Auto-Shutdown Event Status bit(1,2) 1 = An auto-shutdown state is in effect 0 = No auto-shutdown event has occurred bit 6 REN: Auto-Restart Enable bit 1 = Auto-restart is enabled 0 = Auto-restart is disabled bit 5-4 LSBD<1:0>: CWGxB and CWGxD Auto-Shutdown State Control bits 11 = A logic ‘1’ is placed on CWGxB/D when an auto-shutdown event occurs. 10 = A logic ‘0’ is placed on CWGxB/D when an auto-shutdown event occurs. 01 = Pin is tri-stated on CWGxB/D when an auto-shutdown event occurs. 00 = The inactive state of the pin, including polarity, is placed on CWGxB/D after the required dead-band interval when an auto-shutdown event occurs. bit 3-2 LSAC<1:0>: CWGxA and CWGxC Auto-Shutdown State Control bits 11 = A logic ‘1’ is placed on CWGxA/C when an auto-shutdown event occurs. 10 = A logic ‘0’ is placed on CWGxA/C when an auto-shutdown event occurs. 01 = Pin is tri-stated on CWG1A/C when an auto-shutdown event occurs. 00 = The inactive state of the pin, including polarity, is placed on CWGxA/C after the required dead-band interval when an auto-shutdown event occurs. bit 1-0 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ Note 1: 2: This bit may be written while EN = 0 (Register 19-1), to place the outputs into the shutdown configuration. The outputs will remain in auto-shutdown state until the next rising edge of the CWG data input after this bit is cleared. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 215 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 19-7: CWGxAS1: CWG AUTO-SHUTDOWN CONTROL REGISTER 1 U-0 U-0 U-0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 — — — AS4E AS3E AS2E AS1E AS0E bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared q = Value depends on condition bit 7-5 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 4 AS4E: CWG Auto-Shutdown Source 4 (CLC4) Enable bit 1 = Auto-shutdown for CLC4 is enabled 0 = Auto-shutdown for CLC4 is disabled bit 3 AS3E: CWG Auto-Shutdown Source 3 (CLC2) Enable bit 1 = Auto-shutdown from CLC2 is enabled 0 = Auto-shutdown from CLC2 is disabled bit 2 AS2E: CWG Auto-Shutdown Source 2 (C2) Enable bit 1 = Auto-shutdown from Comparator 2 is enabled 0 = Auto-shutdown from Comparator 2 is disabled bit 1 AS1E: CWG Auto-Shutdown Source 1 (C1) Enable bit 1 = Auto-shutdown from Comparator 1 is enabled 0 = Auto-shutdown from Comparator 1 is disabled bit 0 AS0E: CWG Auto-Shutdown Source 0 (CWGxPPS) Enable bit 1 = Auto-shutdown from CWGxPPS is enabled 0 = Auto-shutdown from CWGxPPS is disabled REGISTER 19-8: CWGxDBR: CWGx RISING DEAD-BAND COUNT REGISTER U-0 U-0 — — R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 DBR<5:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared q = Value depends on condition bit 7-6 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 5-0 DBR<5:0>: CWG Rising Edge Triggered Dead-Band Count bits 11 1111 = 63-64 CWG clock periods 11 1110 = 62-63 CWG clock periods . . . 00 0010 = 2-3 CWG clock periods 00 0001 = 1-2 CWG clock periods 00 0000 = 0 CWG clock periods. Dead-band generation is bypassed. DS40001795B-page 216 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 19-9: CWGxDBF: CWGx FALLING DEAD-BAND COUNT REGISTER U-0 U-0 — — R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 DBF<5:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared q = Value depends on condition bit 7-6 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 5-0 DBF<5:0>: CWG Falling Edge Triggered Dead-Band Count bits 11 1111 = 63-64 CWG clock periods 11 1110 = 62-63 CWG clock periods . . . 00 0010 = 2-3 CWG clock periods 00 0001 = 1-2 CWG clock periods 00 0000 = 0 CWG clock periods. Dead-band generation is bypassed. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 217 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 TABLE 19-2: SUMMARY OF REGISTERS ASSOCIATED WITH CWGx Name TRISA Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Register on Page ― ― TRISA5 TRISA4 ―(2) TRISA2 TRISA1 TRISA0 141 ANSELA ― ― ANSA5 ANSA4 ― ANSA2 ANSA1 ANSA0 142 TRISB(1) TRISB7 TRISB6 TRISB5 TRISB4 ― ― ― ― 147 ANSELB(1) ANSB7 ANSB6 ANSB5 ANSB4 ― ― ― ― 148 TRISC TRISC7(1) TRISC6(1) TRISC5 TRISC4 TRISC3 TRISC2 TRISC1 TRISC0 154 ANSELC ANSC7(1) ANSC6(1) ANSC5 ANSC4 ANSC3 ANSC2 ANSC1 ANSC0 155 PIR4 CWG2IF CWG1IF TMR5GIF TMR5IF CCP4IF CCP3IF CCP2IF CCP1IF 108 PIE4 TMR5GIE TMR5IE CCP4IE CCP3IE CCP2IE CCP1IE CWG2IE CWG1IE CWG1CON0 EN LD ― ― ― CWG1CON1 ― ― IN ― POLD POLC POLB POLA 212 CWG1CLKCON ― ― ― ― ― ― ― CS 212 CWG1DAT ― ― ― ― CWG1STR OVRD OVRC OVRB OVRA CWG1AS0 SHUTDOWN REN CWG1AS1 ― ― CWG1DBR ― ― DBR<5:0> 216 CWG1DBF ― ― DBF<5:0> 217 LSBD<1:0> ― AS4E MODE<2:0> DAT<3:0> STRD STRC 213 STRB STRA 214 ― ― 215 AS1E AS0E 216 LSAC<1:0> AS3E 103 211 AS2E CWG1PPS ― ― ― CWG2CON0 EN LD ― ― ― CWG2CON1 ― ― IN ― POLD POLC POLB POLA 212 ― ― ― CS 212 CWG1PPS<4:0> 160 MODE<2:0> 211 CWG2CLKCON ― ― ― ― CWG2DAT ― ― ― ― CWG2STR OVRD OVRC OVRB OVRA CWG2AS0 SHUTDOWN REN CWG2AS1 ― ― CWG2DBR ― ― DBR<5:0> 216 CWG2DBF ― ― DBF<5:0> 217 CWG2PPS ― ― ― CWG2PPS<4:0> 160 RxyPPS ― ― ― RxyPPS<4:0> 161 Note 1: 2: LSBD<1:0> ― AS4E DAT<3:0> STRD STRC STRB LSAC<1:0> AS3E AS2E 213 STRA 214 ― ― 215 AS1E AS0E 216 PIC16(L)F18345 only. Unimplemented, read as ‘0’. DS40001795B-page 218 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 20.0 Refer to Figure 20-1 for a simplified diagram showing signal flow through the CLCx. CONFIGURABLE LOGIC CELL (CLC) Possible configurations include: The Configurable Logic Cell (CLCx) provides programmable logic that operates outside the speed limitations of software execution. The logic cell takes up to 32 input signals and, through the use of configurable gates, reduces the 32 inputs to four logic lines that drive one of eight selectable single-output logic functions. • Combinatorial Logic - AND - NAND - AND-OR - AND-OR-INVERT - OR-XOR - OR-XNOR • Latches - S-R - Clocked D with Set and Reset - Transparent D with Set and Reset - Clocked J-K with Reset Input sources are a combination of the following: • • • • I/O pins Internal clocks Peripherals Register bits The output can be directed internally to peripherals and to an output pin. FIGURE 20-1: CLCx SIMPLIFIED BLOCK DIAGRAM Rev. 10-000025C 3/6/2014 D Q LCxOUT MLCxOUT Q1 . . . LCx_in[29] LCx_in[30] LCx_in[35] to Peripherals Input Data Selection Gates(1) LCx_in[0] LCx_in[1] LCx_in[2] LCxEN lcxg1 lcxg2 lcxg3 Logic lcxq Function LCx_out (2) PPS Module CLCx lcxg4 LCxPOL LCxMODE<2:0> Interrupt det LCXINTP LCXINTN set bit CLCxIF Interrupt det Note 1: 2: See Figure 20-2. See Figure 20-3. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 219 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 20.1 TABLE 20-1: CLCx Setup Programming the CLCx module is performed by configuring the four stages in the logic signal flow. The four stages are: • • • • Data selection Data gating Logic function selection Output polarity Each stage is setup at run time by writing to the corresponding CLCx Special Function Registers. This has the added advantage of permitting logic reconfiguration on-the-fly during program execution. 20.1.1 DATA SELECTION There are 36 signals available as inputs to the configurable logic. Four 36-input multiplexers are used to select the inputs to pass on to the next stage. CLCx DATA INPUT SELECTION LCxDyS<5:0> Value 100011 [35] CLCx Input Source TMR6/PR6 match 100010 [34] TMR5 overflow 100001 [33] TMR4/PR4 match 100000 [32] TMR3 overflow 11111 [31] FOSC 11110 [30] HFINTOSC 11101 [29] LFINTOSC 11100 [28] ADCRC 11011 [27] IOCIF int flag bit 11010 [26] TMR2/PR2 match 11001 [25] TMR1 overflow 11000 [24] TMR0 overflow Data selection is through four multiplexers as indicated on the left side of Figure 20-2. Data inputs in the figure are identified by a generic numbered input name. 10111 [23] EUSART1 (DT) output Table 20-1 correlates the generic input name to the actual signal for each CLC module. The column labeled ‘LCxDyS<5:0> Value’ indicates the MUX selection code for the selected data input. LCxDyS is an abbreviation for the MUX select input codes: LCxD1S<5:0> through LCxD4S<5:0>. 10100 [20] SCL2 10011 [19] SDA1 Data inputs are selected with CLCxSEL0 through CLCxSEL3 registers (Register 20-3 through Register 20-6). Note: Data selections are undefined at power-up. DS40001795B-page 220 10110 [22] EUSART1 (TX/CK) output 10101 [21] SDA2 10010 [18] SCL1 10001 [17] PWM6 output 10000 [16] PWM5 output 01111 [15] CCP4 output 01110 [14] CCP3 output 01101 [13] CCP2 output 01100 [12] CCP1 output 01011 [11] CLKR output 01010 [10] DSM output 01001 [9] C2 output 01000 [8] C1 output 00111 [7] CLC4 output 00110 [6] CLC3 output 00101 [5] CLC2 output 00100 [4] CLC1 output 00011 [3] CLCIN3PPS 00010 [2] CLCIN2PPS 00001 [1] CLCIN1PPS 00000 [0] CLCIN0PPS Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 20.1.2 DATA GATING Outputs from the input multiplexers are directed to the desired logic function input through the data gating stage. Each data gate can direct any combination of the four selected inputs. Note: 20.1.3 Data gating is undefined at power-up. The gate stage is more than just signal direction. The gate can be configured to direct each input signal as inverted or non-inverted data. Directed signals are ANDed together in each gate. The output of each gate can be inverted before going on to the logic function stage. The gating is in essence a 1-to-4 input AND/NAND/OR/NOR gate. When every input is inverted and the output is inverted, the gate is an OR of all enabled data inputs. When the inputs and output are not inverted, the gate is an AND or all enabled inputs. Table 20-2 summarizes the basic logic that can be obtained in gate 1 by using the gate logic select bits. The table shows the logic of four input variables, but each gate can be configured to use less than four. If no inputs are selected, the output will be zero or one, depending on the gate output polarity bit. TABLE 20-2: LCxGyPOL Gate Logic 0x55 1 AND 0x55 0 NAND 0xAA 1 NOR 0xAA 0 OR 0x00 0 Logic 0 0x00 1 Logic 1 LOGIC FUNCTION There are eight available logic functions including: • • • • • • • • AND-OR OR-XOR AND S-R Latch D Flip-Flop with Set and Reset D Flip-Flop with Reset J-K Flip-Flop with Reset Transparent Latch with Set and Reset Logic functions are shown in Figure 20-3. Each logic function has four inputs and one output. The four inputs are the four data gate outputs of the previous stage. The output is fed to the inversion stage and from there to other peripherals, an output pin, and back to the CLCx itself. 20.1.4 OUTPUT POLARITY The last stage in the configurable logic cell is the output polarity. Setting the LCxPOL bit of the CLCxPOL register inverts the output signal from the logic stage. Changing the polarity while the interrupts are enabled will cause an interrupt for the resulting output transition. DATA GATING LOGIC CLCxGLSy Data gating is indicated in the right side of Figure 20-2. Only one gate is shown in detail. The remaining three gates are configured identically with the exception that the data enables correspond to the enables for that gate. It is possible (but not recommended) to select both the true and negated values of an input. When this is done, the gate output is zero, regardless of the other inputs, but may emit logic glitches (transient-induced pulses). If the output of the channel must be zero or one, the recommended method is to set all gate bits to zero and use the gate polarity bit to set the desired level. Data gating is configured with the logic gate select registers as follows: • • • • Gate 1: CLCxGLS0 (Register 20-7) Gate 2: CLCxGLS1 (Register 20-8) Gate 3: CLCxGLS2 (Register 20-9) Gate 4: CLCxGLS3 (Register 20-10) Register number suffixes are different than the gate numbers because other variations of this module have multiple gate selections in the same register. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 221 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 20.2 CLCx Interrupts 20.6 An interrupt will be generated upon a change in the output value of the CLCx when the appropriate interrupt enables are set. A rising edge detector and a falling edge detector are present in each CLC for this purpose. The CLCxIF bit of the associated PIR3 register will be set when either edge detector is triggered and its associated enable bit is set. The LCxINTP bit enables rising edge interrupts and the LCxINTN bit enables falling edge interrupts. Both are located in the CLCxCON register. To fully enable the interrupt, set the following bits: • CLCxIE bit of the PIE3 register • LCxINTP bit of the CLCxCON register (for a rising edge detection) • LCxINTN bit of the CLCxCON register (for a falling edge detection) • PEIE and GIE bits of the INTCON register The CLCxIF bit of the PIR3 register, must be cleared in software as part of the interrupt service. If another edge is detected while this flag is being cleared, the flag will still be set at the end of the sequence. 20.3 Output Mirror Copies Mirror copies of all LCxCON output bits are contained in the CLCDATA register. Reading this register reads the outputs of all CLCs simultaneously. This prevents any reading skew introduced by testing or reading the LCxOUT bits in the individual CLCxCON registers. 20.4 Effects of a Reset The CLCxCON register is cleared to zero as the result of a Reset. All other selection and gating values remain unchanged. 20.5 CLCx Setup Steps The following steps should be followed when setting up the CLCx: • Disable CLCx by clearing the LCxEN bit. • Select desired inputs using CLCxSEL0 through CLCxSEL3 registers (See Table 20-1). • Clear any associated ANSEL bits. • Set all TRIS bits associated with inputs. • Clear all TRIS bits associated with outputs. • Enable the chosen inputs through the four gates using CLCxGLS0, CLCxGLS1, CLCxGLS2, and CLCxGLS3 registers. • Select the gate output polarities with the LCxGyPOL bits of the CLCxPOL register. • Select the desired logic function with the LCxMODE<2:0> bits of the CLCxCON register. • Select the desired polarity of the logic output with the LCxPOL bit of the CLCxPOL register. (This step may be combined with the previous gate output polarity step). • If driving a device pin, set the desired pin PPS control register and also clear the TRIS bit corresponding to that output. • If interrupts are desired, configure the following bits: - Set the LCxINTP bit in the CLCxCON register for rising event. - Set the LCxINTN bit in the CLCxCON register for falling event. - Set the CLCxIE bit of the PIE3 register. - Set the GIE and PEIE bits of the INTCON register. • Enable the CLCx by setting the LCxEN bit of the CLCxCON register. Operation During Sleep The CLC module operates independently from the system clock and will continue to run during Sleep, provided that the input sources selected remain active. The HFINTOSC remains active during Sleep when the CLC module is enabled and the HFINTOSC is selected as an input source, regardless of the system clock source selected. In other words, if the HFINTOSC is simultaneously selected as the system clock and as a CLC input source, when the CLC is enabled, the CPU will go idle during Sleep, but the CLC will continue to operate and the HFINTOSC will remain active. This will have a direct effect on the Sleep mode current. DS40001795B-page 222 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 FIGURE 20-2: LCx_in[0] INPUT DATA SELECTION AND GATING Data Selection 000000 Data GATE 1 LCx_in[35] lcxd1T LCxD1G1T lcxd1N LCxD1G1N 100011 LCxD2G1T LCxD1S<5:0> LCxD2G1N LCx_in[0] lcxg1 000000 LCxD3G1T lcxd2T LCxG1POL LCxD3G1N lcxd2N LCx_in[35] LCxD4G1T 100011 LCxD2S<5:0> LCx_in[0] LCxD4G1N 000000 Data GATE 2 lcxg2 lcxd3T (Same as Data GATE 1) lcxd3N LCx_in[35] Data GATE 3 100011 lcxg3 LCxD3S<5:0> LCx_in[0] (Same as Data GATE 1) Data GATE 4 000000 lcxg4 (Same as Data GATE 1) lcxd4T lcxd4N LCx_in[35] 100011 LCxD4S<5:0> Note: All controls are undefined at power-up. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 223 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 FIGURE 20-3: PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC FUNCTIONS Rev. 10-000122A 7/30/2013 AND-OR OR-XOR lcxg1 lcxg1 lcxg2 lcxg2 lcxq lcxq lcxg3 lcxg3 lcxg4 lcxg4 LCxMODE<2:0> = 000 LCxMODE<2:0> = 001 4-input AND S-R Latch lcxg1 lcxg1 S Q lcxq Q lcxq lcxg2 lcxg2 lcxq lcxg3 lcxg3 R lcxg4 lcxg4 LCxMODE<2:0> = 010 LCxMODE<2:0> = 011 1-Input D Flip-Flop with S and R 2-Input D Flip-Flop with R lcxg4 lcxg2 D S lcxg4 Q lcxq D lcxg2 lcxg1 lcxg1 R R lcxg3 lcxg3 LCxMODE<2:0> = 100 LCxMODE<2:0> = 101 J-K Flip-Flop with R 1-Input Transparent Latch with S and R lcxg4 lcxg2 J Q lcxq lcxg2 D lcxg3 LE S Q lcxq lcxg1 lcxg4 K R lcxg3 R lcxg1 LCxMODE<2:0> = 110 DS40001795B-page 224 LCxMODE<2:0> = 111 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 20.7 Register Definitions: CLC Control REGISTER 20-1: CLCxCON: CONFIGURABLE LOGIC CELL CONTROL REGISTER R/W-0/0 U-0 R-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 LCxEN — LCxOUT LCxINTP LCxINTN R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 LCxMODE<2:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7 LCxEN: Configurable Logic Cell Enable bit 1 = Configurable logic cell is enabled and mixing input signals 0 = Configurable logic cell is disabled and has logic zero output bit 6 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 5 LCxOUT: Configurable Logic Cell Data Output bit Read-only: logic cell output data, after LCPOL; sampled from CLCxOUT. bit 4 LCxINTP: Configurable Logic Cell Positive Edge Going Interrupt Enable bit 1 = CLCxIF will be set when a rising edge occurs on CLCxOUT 0 = CLCxIF will not be set bit 3 LCxINTN: Configurable Logic Cell Negative Edge Going Interrupt Enable bit 1 = CLCxIF will be set when a falling edge occurs on CLCxOUT 0 = CLCxIF will not be set bit 2-0 LCxMODE<2:0>: Configurable Logic Cell Functional Mode bits 111 = Cell is 1-input transparent latch with S and R 110 = Cell is J-K flip-flop with R 101 = Cell is 2-input D flip-flop with R 100 = Cell is 1-input D flip-flop with S and R 011 = Cell is S-R latch 010 = Cell is 4-input AND 001 = Cell is OR-XOR 000 = Cell is AND-OR 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 225 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 20-2: CLCxPOL: SIGNAL POLARITY CONTROL REGISTER R/W-0/0 U-0 U-0 U-0 R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u LCxPOL — — — LCxG4POL LCxG3POL LCxG2POL LCxG1POL bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7 LCxPOL: CLCxOUT Output Polarity Control bit 1 = The output of the logic cell is inverted 0 = The output of the logic cell is not inverted bit 6-4 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 3 LCxG4POL: Gate 3 Output Polarity Control bit 1 = The output of gate 3 is inverted when applied to the logic cell 0 = The output of gate 3 is not inverted bit 2 LCxG3POL: Gate 2 Output Polarity Control bit 1 = The output of gate 2 is inverted when applied to the logic cell 0 = The output of gate 2 is not inverted bit 1 LCxG2POL: Gate 1 Output Polarity Control bit 1 = The output of gate 1 is inverted when applied to the logic cell 0 = The output of gate 1 is not inverted bit 0 LCxG1POL: Gate 0 Output Polarity Control bit 1 = The output of gate 0 is inverted when applied to the logic cell 0 = The output of gate 0 is not inverted DS40001795B-page 226 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 20-3: CLCxSEL0: GENERIC CLCx DATA 0 SELECT REGISTER U-0 U-0 — — R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u LCxD1S<5:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-6 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 5-0 LCxD1S<5:0>: CLCx Data1 Input Selection bits See Table 20-1. REGISTER 20-4: CLCxSEL1: GENERIC CLCx DATA 1 SELECT REGISTER U-0 U-0 — — R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u LCxD2S<5:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-6 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 5-0 LCxD2S<5:0>: CLCx Data 2 Input Selection bits See Table 20-1. REGISTER 20-5: CLCxSEL2: GENERIC CLCx DATA 2 SELECT REGISTER U-0 U-0 — — R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u LCxD3S<5:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-6 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 5-0 LCxD3S<5:0>: CLCx Data 3 Input Selection bits See Table 20-1. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 227 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 20-6: CLCxSEL3: GENERIC CLCx DATA 3 SELECT REGISTER U-0 U-0 — — R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u LCxD4S<5:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-6 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 5-0 LCxD4S<5:0>: CLCx Data 4 Input Selection bits See Table 20-1. REGISTER 20-7: CLCxGLS0: GATE 0 LOGIC SELECT REGISTER R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u LCxG1D4T LCxG1D4N LCxG1D3T LCxG1D3N LCxG1D2T LCxG1D2N LCxG1D1T LCxG1D1N bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7 LCxG1D4T: Gate 0 Data 4 True (non-inverted) bit 1 = CLCIN3 (true) is gated into CLCx Gate 0 0 = CLCIN3 (true) is not gated into CLCx Gate 0 bit 6 LCxG1D4N: Gate 0 Data 4 Negated (inverted) bit 1 = CLCIN3 (inverted) is gated into CLCx Gate 0 0 = CLCIN3 (inverted) is not gated into CLCx Gate 0 bit 5 LCxG1D3T: Gate 0 Data 3 True (non-inverted) bit 1 = CLCIN2 (true) is gated into CLCx Gate 0 0 = CLCIN2 (true) is not gated into CLCx Gate 0 bit 4 LCxG1D3N: Gate 0 Data 3 Negated (inverted) bit 1 = CLCIN2 (inverted) is gated into CLCx Gate 0 0 = CLCIN2 (inverted) is not gated into CLCx Gate 0 bit 3 LCxG1D2T: Gate 0 Data 2 True (non-inverted) bit 1 = CLCIN1 (true) is gated into CLCx Gate 0 0 = CLCIN1 (true) is not gated into CLCx Gate 0 bit 2 LCxG1D2N: Gate 0 Data 2 Negated (inverted) bit 1 = CLCIN1 (inverted) is gated into CLCx Gate 0 0 = CLCIN1 (inverted) is not gated into CLCx Gate 0 bit 1 LCxG1D1T: Gate 0 Data 1 True (non-inverted) bit 1 = CLCIN0 (true) is gated into CLCx Gate 0 0 = CLCIN0 (true) is not gated into CLCx Gate 0 bit 0 LCxG1D1N: Gate 0 Data 1 Negated (inverted) bit 1 = CLCIN0 (inverted) is gated into CLCx Gate 0 0 = CLCIN0 (inverted) is not gated into CLCx Gate 0 DS40001795B-page 228 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 20-8: CLCxGLS1: GATE 1 LOGIC SELECT REGISTER R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u LCxG2D4T LCxG2D4N LCxG2D3T LCxG2D3N LCxG2D2T LCxG2D2N LCxG2D1T LCxG2D1N bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7 LCxG2D4T: Gate 1 Data 4 True (non-inverted) bit 1 = CLCIN3 (true) is gated into CLCx Gate 1 0 = CLCIN3 (true) is not gated into CLCx Gate 1 bit 6 LCxG2D4N: Gate 1 Data 4 Negated (inverted) bit 1 = CLCIN3 (inverted) is gated into CLCx Gate 1 0 = CLCIN3 (inverted) is not gated into CLCx Gate 1 bit 5 LCxG2D3T: Gate 1 Data 3 True (non-inverted) bit 1 = CLCIN2 (true) is gated into CLCx Gate 1 0 = CLCIN2 (true) is not gated into CLCx Gate 1 bit 4 LCxG2D3N: Gate 1 Data 3 Negated (inverted) bit 1 = CLCIN2 (inverted) is gated into CLCx Gate 1 0 = CLCIN2 (inverted) is not gated into CLCx Gate 1 bit 3 LCxG2D2T: Gate 1 Data 2 True (non-inverted) bit 1 = CLCIN1 (true) is gated into CLCx Gate 1 0 = CLCIN1 (true) is not gated into CLCx Gate 1 bit 2 LCxG2D2N: Gate 1 Data 2 Negated (inverted) bit 1 = CLCIN1 (inverted) is gated into CLCx Gate 1 0 = CLCIN1 (inverted) is not gated into CLCx Gate 1 bit 1 LCxG2D1T: Gate 1 Data 1 True (non-inverted) bit 1 = CLCIN0 (true) is gated into CLCx Gate 1 0 = CLCIN0 (true) is not gated into CLCx Gate 1 bit 0 LCxG2D1N: Gate 1 Data 1 Negated (inverted) bit 1 = CLCIN0 (inverted) is gated into CLCx Gate 1 0 = CLCIN0 (inverted) is not gated into CLCx Gate 1 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 229 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 20-9: CLCxGLS2: GATE 2 LOGIC SELECT REGISTER R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u LCxG3D4T LCxG3D4N LCxG3D3T LCxG3D3N LCxG3D2T LCxG3D2N LCxG3D1T LCxG3D1N bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7 LCxG3D4T: Gate 2 Data 4 True (non-inverted) bit 1 = CLCIN3 (true) is gated into CLCx Gate 2 0 = CLCIN3 (true) is not gated into CLCx Gate 2 bit 6 LCxG3D4N: Gate 2 Data 4 Negated (inverted) bit 1 = CLCIN3 (inverted) is gated into CLCx Gate 2 0 = CLCIN3 (inverted) is not gated into CLCx Gate 2 bit 5 LCxG3D3T: Gate 2 Data 3 True (non-inverted) bit 1 = CLCIN2 (true) is gated into CLCx Gate 2 0 = CLCIN2 (true) is not gated into CLCx Gate 2 bit 4 LCxG3D3N: Gate 2 Data 3 Negated (inverted) bit 1 = CLCIN2 (inverted) is gated into CLCx Gate 2 0 = CLCIN2 (inverted) is not gated into CLCx Gate 2 bit 3 LCxG3D2T: Gate 2 Data 2 True (non-inverted) bit 1 = CLCIN1 (true) is gated into CLCx Gate 2 0 = CLCIN1 (true) is not gated into CLCx Gate 2 bit 2 LCxG3D2N: Gate 2 Data 2 Negated (inverted) bit 1 = CLCIN1 (inverted) is gated into CLCx Gate 2 0 = CLCIN1 (inverted) is not gated into CLCx Gate 2 bit 1 LCxG3D1T: Gate 2 Data 1 True (non-inverted) bit 1 = CLCIN0 (true) is gated into CLCx Gate 2 0 = CLCIN0 (true) is not gated into CLCx Gate 2 bit 0 LCxG3D1N: Gate 2 Data 1 Negated (inverted) bit 1 = CLCIN0 (inverted) is gated into CLCx Gate 2 0 = CLCIN0 (inverted) is not gated into CLCx Gate 2 DS40001795B-page 230 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 20-10: CLCxGLS3: GATE 3 LOGIC SELECT REGISTER R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u LCxG4D4T LCxG4D4N LCxG4D3T LCxG4D3N LCxG4D2T LCxG4D2N LCxG4D1T LCxG4D1N bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7 LCxG4D4T: Gate 3 Data 4 True (non-inverted) bit 1 = CLCIN3 (true) is gated into CLCx Gate 3 0 = CLCIN3 (true) is not gated into CLCx Gate 3 bit 6 LCxG4D4N: Gate 3 Data 4 Negated (inverted) bit 1 = CLCIN3 (inverted) is gated into CLCx Gate 3 0 = CLCIN3 (inverted) is not gated into CLCx Gate 3 bit 5 LCxG4D3T: Gate 3 Data 3 True (non-inverted) bit 1 = CLCIN2 (true) is gated into CLCx Gate 3 0 = CLCIN2 (true) is not gated into CLCx Gate 3 bit 4 LCxG4D3N: Gate 3 Data 3 Negated (inverted) bit 1 = CLCIN2 (inverted) is gated into CLCx Gate 3 0 = CLCIN2 (inverted) is not gated into CLCx Gate 3 bit 3 LCxG4D2T: Gate 3 Data 2 True (non-inverted) bit 1 = CLCIN1 (true) is gated into CLCx Gate 3 0 = CLCIN1 (true) is not gated into CLCx Gate 3 bit 2 LCxG4D2N: Gate 3 Data 2 Negated (inverted) bit 1 = CLCIN1 (inverted) is gated into CLCx Gate 3 0 = CLCIN1 (inverted) is not gated into CLCx Gate 3 bit 1 LCxG4D1T: Gate 3 Data 1 True (non-inverted) bit 1 = CLCIN0 (true) is gated into CLCx Gate 3 0 = CLCIN0 (true) is not gated into CLCx Gate 3 bit 0 LCxG4D1N: Gate 3 Data 1 Negated (inverted) bit 1 = CLCIN0 (inverted) is gated into CLCx Gate 3 0 = CLCIN0 (inverted) is not gated into CLCx Gate 3 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 231 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 20-11: CLCDATA: CLC DATA OUTPUT U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 — — — — MLC4OUT MLC3OUT MLC2OUT MLC1OUT bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-4 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 3 MLC4OUT: Mirror copy of LC4OUT bit bit 2 MLC3OUT: Mirror copy of LC3OUT bit bit 1 MLC2OUT: Mirror copy of LC2OUT bit bit 0 MLC1OUT: Mirror copy of LC1OUT bit TABLE 20-3: Name ANSELA SUMMARY OF REGISTERS ASSOCIATED WITH CLCx Bit7 Bit6 Bit5 Bit4 BIt3 Bit2 Bit1 Bit0 Register on Page ― ― ANSA5 ANSA4 ― ANSA2 ANSA1 ANSA0 142 (2) ― ― TRISA5 TRISA4 TRISA2 TRISA1 TRISA0 141 ANSELB(1) ANSB7 ANSB6 ANSB5 ANSB4 ― ― ― ― 148 TRISB(1) TRISB7 TRISB6 TRISB5 TRISB4 ― ― ― ― 147 ANSELC ANSC7(1) ANSC6(1) ANSC5 ANSC4 ANSC3 ANSC2 ANSC1 ANSC0 155 TRISC TRISC7(1) TRISC6(1) TRISC5 TRISC4 TRISC3 TRISC2 TRISC1 TRISC0 154 GIE PEIE ― ― ― ― ― INTEDG 98 OSFIF CSWIF TMR3GIF TMR3IF CLC4IF CLC3IF CLC2IF CLC1IF 107 PIE3 OSFIE CSWIE TMR3GIE TMR3IE CLC4IE CLC3IE CLC2IE CLC1IE CLC1CON LC1EN ― LC1OUT LC1INTP LC1INTN CLC1POL LC1POL ― ― ― TRISA INTCON PIR3 ― LC1MODE<2:0> LC1G4POL LC1G3POL LC1G2POL LC1G1POL 102 225 226 CLC1SEL0 ― ― LC1D1S<5:0> 227 CLC1SEL1 ― ― LC1D2S<5:0> 227 CLC1SEL2 ― ― LC1D3S<5:0> 227 CLC1SEL3 ― ― LC1D4S<5:0> 228 CLC1GLS0 LC1G1D4T LC1G1D4N LC1G1D3T LC1G1D3N LC1G1D2T LC1G1D2N LC1G1D1T LC1G1D1N 228 CLC1GLS1 LC1G2D4T LC1G2D4N LC1G2D3T LC1G2D3N LC1G2D2T LC1G2D2N LC1G2D1T LC1G2D1N 229 CLC1GLS2 LC1G3D4T LC1G3D4N LC1G3D3T LC1G3D3N LC1G3D2T LC1G3D2N LC1G3D1T LC1G3D1N 230 CLC1GLS3 LC1G4D4T LC1G4D4N LC1G4D3T LC1G4D3N LC1G4D2T LC1G4D2N LC1G4D1T LC1G4D1N LC2EN ― LC2OUT LC2INTP CLC2POL LC2POL ― ― ― CLC2SEL0 ― ― LC2D1S<5:0> 227 CLC2SEL1 ― ― LC2D2S<5:0> 227 CLC2SEL2 ― ― LC2D3S<5:0> 227 CLC2SEL3 ― ― LC2D4S<5:0> 228 DS40001795B-page 232 LC2INTN LC2MODE<2:0> 231 CLC2CON LC2G4POL LC2G3POL Preliminary LC2G2POL LC2G1POL 225 226 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 TABLE 20-3: Name SUMMARY OF REGISTERS ASSOCIATED WITH CLCx (CONTINUED) Bit7 Bit6 Bit5 Bit4 BIt3 Bit2 Bit1 Bit0 Register on Page CLC2GLS0 LC2G1D4T LC2G1D4N LC2G1D3T LC2G1D3N LC2G1D2T LC2G1D2N LC2G1D1T LC2G1D1N 228 CLC2GLS1 LC2G2D4T LC2G2D4N LC2G2D3T LC2G2D3N LC2G2D2T LC2G2D2N LC2G2D1T LC2G2D1N 229 CLC2GLS2 LC2G3D4T LC2G3D4N LC2G3D3T LC2G3D3N LC2G3D2T LC2G3D2N LC2G3D1T LC2G3D1N 230 CLC2GLS3 LC2G4D4T LC2G4D4N LC2G4D3T LC2G4D3N LC2G4D2T LC2G4D2N LC2G4D1T LC2G4D1N 231 CLC3CON LC3EN ― LC3OUT LC3INTP CLC3POL LC3POL ― ― ― CLC3SEL0 ― ― LC3D1S<5:0> 227 CLC3SEL1 ― ― LC3D2S<5:0> 227 CLC3SEL2 ― ― LC3D3S<5:0> 227 CLC3SEL3 ― ― LC3D4S<5:0> LC3INTN LC3MODE<2:0> LC3G4POL LC3G3POL LC3G2POL 225 LC3G1POL 226 228 CLC3GLS0 LC3G1D4T LC3G1D4N LC3G1D3T LC3G1D3N LC3G1D2T LC3G1D2N LC3G1D1T LC3G1D1N 228 CLC3GLS1 LC3G2D4T LC3G2D4N LC3G2D3T LC3G2D3N LC3G2D2T LC3G2D2N LC3G2D1T LC3G2D1N 229 CLC3GLS2 LC3G3D4T LC3G3D4N LC3G3D3T LC3G3D3N LC3G3D2T LC3G3D2N LC3G3D1T LC3G3D1N 230 CLC3GLS3 LC3G4D4T LC3G4D4N LC3G4D3T LC3G4D3N LC3G4D2T LC3G4D2N LC3G4D1T LC3G4D1N LC4INTN LC4MODE<2:0> 231 CLC4CON LC4EN ― LC4OUT LC4INTP CLC4POL LC4POL ― ― ― CLC4SEL0 ― ― LC4D1S<5:0> 227 CLC4SEL1 ― ― LC4D2S<5:0> 227 CLC4SEL2 ― ― LC4D3S<5:0> 227 CLC4SEL3 ― ― LC4D4S<5:0> 228 LC4G4POL LC4G3POL LC4G2POL 225 LC4G1POL 226 CLC4GLS0 LC4G1D4T LC4G1D4N LC4G1D3T LC4G1D3N LC4G1D2T LC4G1D2N LC4G1D1T LC4G1D1N 228 CLC4GLS1 LC4G2D4T LC4G2D4N LC4G2D3T LC4G2D3N LC4G2D2T LC4G2D2N LC4G2D1T LC4G2D1N 229 CLC4GLS2 LC4G3D4T LC4G3D4N LC4G3D3T LC4G3D3N LC4G3D2T LC4G3D2N LC4G3D1T LC4G3D1N 230 CLC4GLS3 LC4G4D4T LC4G4D4N LC4G4D3T LC4G4D3N LC4G4D2T LC4G4D2N LC4G4D1T LC4G4D1N 231 MLC4OUT MLC2OUT MLC1OUT CLCDATA ― ― ― CLCIN0PPS ― ― ― CLCIN0PPS<4:0> 160 CLCIN1PPS ― ― ― CLCIN1PPS<4:0> 160 CLCIN2PPS ― ― ― CLCIN2PPS<4:0> 160 CLCIN3PPS ― ― ― CLCIN3PPS<4:0> 160 CLC1OUTPPS ― ― ― CLC1OUTPPS<4:0> 160 CLC2OUTPPS ― ― ― CLC2OUTPPS<4:0> 160 CLC3OUTPPS ― ― ― CLC3OUTPPS<4:0> 160 CLC4OUTPPS ― ― ― CLC4OUTPPS<4:0> 160 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. ― Preliminary MLC3OUT 232 DS40001795B-page 233 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 21.0 The ADC can generate an interrupt upon completion of a conversion. This interrupt can be used to wake-up the device from Sleep. ANALOG-TO-DIGITAL CONVERTER (ADC) MODULE The Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) allows conversion of an analog input signal to a 10-bit binary representation of that signal. This device uses analog inputs, which are multiplexed into a single sample and hold circuit. The output of the sample and hold is connected to the input of the converter. The converter generates a 10-bit binary result via successive approximation and stores the conversion result into the ADC result registers (ADRESH:ADRESL register pair). Figure 21-1 shows the block diagram of the ADC. The ADC voltage reference is software selectable to be either internally generated or externally supplied. FIGURE 21-1: ADC BLOCK DIAGRAM VDD ADPREF Rev. 10-000033A 7/30/2013 Positive Reference Select VDD VREF+ pin External Channel Inputs ANa VRNEG VRPOS . . . ADC_clk sampled input ANz Internal Channel Inputs ADCS<2:0> VSS AN0 ADC Clock Select FOSC/n Fosc Divider FRC FOSC FRC Temp Indicator DACx_output ADC CLOCK SOURCE FVR_buffer1 ADC Sample Circuit CHS<4:0> ADFM set bit ADIF Write to bit GO/DONE 10 complete 10-bit Result GO/DONE Q1 Q4 ADRESH Q2 TRIGSEL<3:0> 16 start ADRESL Enable Trigger Select ADON . . . VSS Trigger Sources AUTO CONVERSION TRIGGER DS40001795B-page 234 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 21.1 21.1.3 ADC Configuration When configuring and using the ADC the following functions must be considered: • • • • • • Port configuration Channel selection ADC voltage reference selection ADC conversion clock source Interrupt control Result formatting 21.1.1 21.1.2 VREF+ pin VDD FVR 2.048V FVR 4.096V (Not available on LF devices) The ADNREF bit of the ADCON1 register provides control of the negative voltage reference. The negative voltage reference can be: PORT CONFIGURATION Analog voltages on any pin that is defined as a digital input may cause the input buffer to conduct excess current. CHANNEL SELECTION There are several channel selections available: • VREF- pin • VSS See Section 21.0 “Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) Module” for more details on the Fixed Voltage Reference. 21.1.4 CONVERSION CLOCK The source of the conversion clock is software selectable via the ADCS<2:0> bits of the ADCON1 register. There are seven possible clock options: • • • • • • • • Five PORTA pins (RA0-RA2, RA4-RA5) • Four PORTB pins (RB4-RB7, PIC16(L)F18345 only) • Six PORTC pins (RC0-RC5, PIC16(L)F18325) • Eight PORTC pins (RC0-RC7, PIC16(L)F18345 only) • Temperature Indicator • DAC output • Fixed Voltage Reference (FVR) • AVSS (ground) FOSC/2 FOSC/4 FOSC/8 FOSC/16 FOSC/32 FOSC/64 ADCRC (dedicated RC oscillator) The time to complete one bit conversion is defined as TAD. One full 10-bit conversion requires 11.5 TAD periods as shown in Figure 21-2. The CHS<5:0> bits of the ADCON0 register (Register 21-1) determine which channel is connected to the sample and hold circuit. When changing channels, a delay is required before starting the next conversion. Refer to Section 21.2 “ADC Operation” for more information. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. The ADPREF<1:0> bits of the ADCON1 register provides control of the positive voltage reference. The positive voltage reference can be: • • • • The ADC can be used to convert both analog and digital signals. When converting analog signals, the I/O pin should be configured for analog by setting the associated TRIS and ANSEL bits. Refer to Section 11.0 “I/O Ports” for more information. Note: ADC VOLTAGE REFERENCE For correct conversion, the appropriate TAD specification must be met. Refer to Table 34-13 for more information. Table 21-1 gives examples of appropriate ADC clock selections. Note: Preliminary Unless using the ADCRC, any changes in the system clock frequency will change the ADC clock frequency, which may adversely affect the ADC result. DS40001795B-page 235 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 TABLE 21-1: ADC CLOCK PERIOD (TAD) VS. DEVICE OPERATING FREQUENCIES ADC Clock Period (TAD) Device Frequency (FOSC) ADC Clock Source ADCS<2:0> 32 MHz 20 MHz 16 MHz 8 MHz 4 MHz FOSC/2 000 62.5ns(2) 100 ns(2) 125 ns(2) 250 ns(2) 500 ns(2) 2.0 s FOSC/4 100 125 ns(2) ns(2) ns(2) ns(2) 1.0 s 4.0 s FOSC/8 001 0.5 s(2) 400 ns(2) 0.5 s(2) 1.0 s 2.0 s 8.0 s(3) FOSC/16 101 800 ns 800 ns 1.0 s 2.0 s 4.0 s 16.0 s(3) 200 250 500 FOSC/32 010 1.0 s 1.6 s 2.0 s 4.0 s FOSC/64 110 2.0 s 3.2 s 4.0 s 8.0 s(3) ADCRC Legend: Note 1: 2: 3: 4: x11 1.0-6.0 s(1,4) 1.0-6.0 s(1,4) 1.0-6.0 s(1,4) 1.0-6.0 s(3) 32.0 s(2) 16.0 s(2) 64.0 s(2) 8.0 s(1,4) 1 MHz 1.0-6.0 s(1,4) 1.0-6.0 s(1,4) Shaded cells are outside of recommended range. See TAD parameter for ADCRC source typical TAD value. These values violate the required TAD time. Outside the recommended TAD time. The ADC clock period (TAD) and total ADC conversion time can be minimized when the ADC clock is derived from the system clock FOSC. However, the ADCRC oscillator source must be used when conversions are to be performed with the device in Sleep mode. FIGURE 21-2: ANALOG-TO-DIGITAL CONVERSION TAD CYCLES TAD1 TAD2 TAD3 TAD4 TAD5 TAD6 TAD7 TAD8 TAD9 TAD10 TAD11 b9 b8 b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 THCD Conversion Starts TACQ Holding capacitor disconnected from analog input (THCD). Set GO bit On the following cycle: ADRESH:ADRESL is loaded, GO bit is cleared, ADIF bit is set, holding capacitor is reconnected to analog input. Enable ADC (ADON bit) and Select channel (ACS bits) DS40001795B-page 236 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 21.1.5 INTERRUPTS 21.1.6 The ADC module allows for the ability to generate an interrupt upon completion of an Analog-to-Digital conversion. The ADC Interrupt Flag is the ADIF bit in the PIR1 register. The ADC Interrupt Enable is the ADIE bit in the PIE1 register. The ADIF bit must be cleared in software. RESULT FORMATTING The 10-bit ADC conversion result can be supplied in two formats, left justified or right justified. The ADFM bit of the ADCON1 register controls the output format. Figure 21-3 shows the two output formats. Note 1: The ADIF bit is set at the completion of every conversion, regardless of whether or not the ADC interrupt is enabled. 2: The ADC operates during Sleep only when the ADCRC oscillator is selected. This interrupt can be generated while the device is operating or while in Sleep. If the device is in Sleep, the interrupt will wake-up the device. Upon waking from Sleep, the next instruction following the SLEEP instruction is always executed. If the user is attempting to wake-up from Sleep and resume in-line code execution, the ADIE bit of the PIE1 register and the PEIE bit of the INTCON register must both be set and the GIE bit of the INTCON register must be cleared. If all three of these bits are set, the execution will switch to the Interrupt Service Routine. FIGURE 21-3: 10-BIT ADC CONVERSION RESULT FORMAT ADRESH (ADFM = 0) ADRESL MSB LSB bit 7 bit 0 bit 7 10-bit ADC Result (ADFM = 1) bit 0 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ MSB bit 7 LSB bit 0 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. bit 7 bit 0 10-bit ADC Result Preliminary DS40001795B-page 237 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 21.2 21.2.1 21.2.4 ADC Operation STARTING A CONVERSION To enable the ADC module, the ADON bit of the ADCON0 register must be set to a ‘1’. Setting the GO/DONE bit of the ADCON0 register to a ‘1’ will start the Analog-to-Digital conversion. Note: 21.2.2 The GO/DONE bit should not be set in the same instruction that turns on the ADC. Refer to Section 21.2.6 “ADC Conversion Procedure”. COMPLETION OF A CONVERSION When the conversion is complete, the ADC module will: • Clear the GO/DONE bit • Set the ADIF Interrupt Flag bit • Update the ADRESH and ADRESL registers with new conversion result 21.2.3 TERMINATING A CONVERSION If a conversion must be terminated before completion, the GO/DONE bit can be cleared in software. The ADRESH and ADRESL registers will be updated with the partially complete Analog-to-Digital conversion sample. Incomplete bits will match the last bit converted. Note: A device Reset forces all registers to their Reset state. Thus, the ADC module is turned off and any pending conversion is terminated. ADC OPERATION DURING SLEEP The ADC module can operate during Sleep. This requires the ADC clock source to be set to the ADCRC option. When the ADCRC oscillator source is selected, the ADC waits one additional instruction before starting the conversion. This allows the SLEEP instruction to be executed, which can reduce system noise during the conversion. If the ADC interrupt is enabled, the device will wake-up from Sleep when the conversion completes. If the ADC interrupt is disabled, the ADC module is turned off after the conversion completes, although the ADON bit remains set. When the ADC clock source is something other than ADCRC, a SLEEP instruction causes the present conversion to be aborted and the ADC module is turned off, although the ADON bit remains set. 21.2.5 AUTO-CONVERSION TRIGGER The Auto-conversion Trigger allows periodic ADC measurements without software intervention. When a rising edge of the selected source occurs, the GO/DONE bit is set by hardware. The Auto-conversion Trigger source is selected with the ADACT<4:0> bits of the ADACT register. Using the Auto-conversion Trigger does not assure proper ADC timing. It is the user’s responsibility to ensure that the ADC timing requirements are met. See Table 21-2 for auto-conversion sources. TABLE 21-2: Source Peripheral DS40001795B-page 238 ADC AUTO-CONVERSION TABLE Description TMR0 Timer0 Overflow condition TMR1 Timer1 Overflow condition TMR3 Timer3 Overflow condition TMR5 Timer5 Overflow condition TMR2 Match between Timer2 and PR2 TMR4 Match between Timer4 and PR4 TMR6 Match between Timer6 and PR6 C1 Comparator C1 output C2 Comparator C2 output CLC1 CLC1 output CLC2 CLC2 output CLC3 CLC3 output CLC4 CLC4 output CCP1 CCP1 output CCP2 CCP2 output CCP3 CCP3 output CCP4 CCP4 output Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 21.2.6 ADC CONVERSION PROCEDURE This is an example procedure for using the ADC to perform an Analog-to-Digital conversion: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Configure Port: • Disable pin output driver (Refer to the TRIS register) • Configure pin as analog (Refer to the ANSEL register) Configure the ADC module: • Select ADC conversion clock • Configure voltage reference • Select ADC input channel • Turn on ADC module Configure ADC interrupt (optional): • Clear ADC interrupt flag • Enable ADC interrupt • Enable peripheral interrupt • Enable global interrupt(1) Wait the required acquisition time(2). Start conversion by setting the GO/DONE bit. Wait for ADC conversion to complete by one of the following: • Polling the GO/DONE bit • Waiting for the ADC interrupt (interrupts enabled) Read ADC Result. Clear the ADC interrupt flag (required if interrupt is enabled). EXAMPLE 21-1: ADC CONVERSION ;This code block configures the ADC ;for polling, Vdd and Vss references, ADCRC ;oscillator and AN0 input. ; ;Conversion start & polling for completion ; are included. ; BANKSEL ADCON1 ; MOVLW B’11110000’ ;Right justify, ADCRC ;oscillator MOVWF ADCON1 ;Vdd and Vss Vref BANKSEL TRISA ; BSF TRISA,0 ;Set RA0 to input BANKSEL ANSEL ; BSF ANSEL,0 ;Set RA0 to analog BANKSEL ADCON0 ; MOVLW B’00000001’ ;Select channel AN0 MOVWF ADCON0 ;Turn ADC On CALL SampleTime ;Acquisiton delay BSF ADCON0,ADGO ;Start conversion BTFSC ADCON0,ADGO ;Is conversion done? GOTO $-1 ;No, test again BANKSEL ADRESH ; MOVF ADRESH,W ;Read upper 2 bits MOVWF RESULTHI ;store in GPR space BANKSEL ADRESL ; MOVF ADRESL,W ;Read lower 8 bits MOVWF RESULTLO ;Store in GPR space Note 1: The global interrupt can be disabled if the user is attempting to wake-up from Sleep and resume in-line code execution. 2: Refer to Section 21.3 “ADC Acquisition Requirements”. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 239 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 21.3 ADC Acquisition Requirements For the ADC to meet its specified accuracy, the charge holding capacitor (CHOLD) must be allowed to fully charge to the input channel voltage level. The Analog Input model is shown in Figure 21-4. The source impedance (RS) and the internal sampling switch (RSS) impedance directly affect the time required to charge the capacitor CHOLD. The sampling switch (RSS) impedance varies over the device voltage (VDD), refer to Figure 21-4. The maximum recommended impedance for analog sources is 10 k. As the EQUATION 21-1: Assumptions: source impedance is decreased, the acquisition time may be decreased. After the analog input channel is selected (or changed), an ADC acquisition must be done before the conversion can be started. To calculate the minimum acquisition time, Equation 21-1 may be used. This equation assumes that 1/2 LSb error is used (1,024 steps for the ADC). The 1/2 LSb error is the maximum error allowed for the ADC to meet its specified resolution. ACQUISITION TIME EXAMPLE Temperature = 50°C and external impedance of 10k 5.0V V DD T ACQ = Amplifier Settling Time + Hold Capacitor Charging Time + Temperature Coefficient = T AMP + T C + T COFF = 2µs + T C + Temperature - 25°C 0.05µs/°C The value for TC can be approximated with the following equations: 1 = V CHOLD V AP P LI ED 1 – -------------------------n+1 2 –1 ;[1] VCHOLD charged to within 1/2 lsb –TC ---------- RC V AP P LI ED 1 – e = V CHOLD ;[2] VCHOLD charge response to VAPPLIED – Tc --------- 1 RC ;combining [1] and [2] V AP P LI ED 1 – e = V A PP LIE D 1 – -------------------------n+1 2 –1 Note: Where n = number of bits of the ADC. Solving for TC: T C = – C HOLD R IC + R SS + R S ln(1/2047) = – 10pF 1k + 7k + 10k ln(0.0004885) = 1.37 µs Therefore: T A CQ = 2µs + 892ns + 50°C- 25°C 0.05 µs/°C = 4.62µs Note 1: The reference voltage (VREF) has no effect on the equation, since it cancels itself out. 2: The charge holding capacitor (CHOLD) is not discharged after each conversion. 3: The maximum recommended impedance for analog sources is 10 k. This is required to meet the pin leakage specification. DS40001795B-page 240 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 FIGURE 21-4: ANALOG INPUT MODEL VDD Analog Input pin Rs VT 0.6V CPIN 5 pF VA RIC 1k Sampling Switch SS Rss I LEAKAGE(1) VT 0.6V CHOLD = 10 pF Ref- 6V 5V VDD 4V 3V 2V = Sample/Hold Capacitance = Input Capacitance Legend: CHOLD CPIN RSS I LEAKAGE = Leakage current at the pin due to various junctions = Interconnect Resistance RIC = Resistance of Sampling Switch RSS SS = Sampling Switch VT = Threshold Voltage Note 1: FIGURE 21-5: 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Sampling Switch (k) Refer to Table 34-4 (parameter D060). ADC TRANSFER FUNCTION Full-Scale Range 3FFh 3FEh ADC Output Code 3FDh 3FCh 3FBh 03h 02h 01h 00h Analog Input Voltage 0.5 LSB Ref- 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. 1.5 LSB Zero-Scale Transition Full-Scale Transition Preliminary Ref+ DS40001795B-page 241 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 21.4 Register Definitions: ADC Control REGISTER 21-1: R/W-0/0 ADCON0: ADC CONTROL REGISTER 0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 CHS<5:0> R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 GO/DONE ADON bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-2 CHS<5:0>: Analog Channel Select bits 111111 = FVR (Fixed Voltage Reference)(2) 111110 = DAC1 output(1) 111101 = Temperature Indicator(3) 111100 = AVSS (Analog Ground) 111011 = Reserved. No channel connected. • • • 010111 = ANC7(4) 010110 = ANC6(4) 010101 = ANC5 010100 = ANC4 010011 = ANC3 010010 = ANC2 010001 = ANC1 010000 = ANC0 001111 = ANB7(4) 001110 = ANB6(4) 001101 = ANB5(4) 001100 = ANB4(4) 001011 = Reserved. No channel connected. • • • 000101 = ANA5 000100 = ANA4 000011 = Reserved. No channel connected. 000010 = ANA2 000001 = ANA1 000000 = ANA0 bit 1 GO/DONE: ADC Conversion Status bit 1 = ADC conversion cycle in progress. Setting this bit starts an ADC conversion cycle. This bit is automatically cleared by hardware when the ADC conversion has completed. 0 = ADC conversion completed/not in progress bit 0 ADON: ADC Enable bit 1 = ADC is enabled 0 = ADC is disabled and consumes no operating current Note 1: 2: 3: 4: See Section 23.0 “5-bit Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC1) Module” for more information. See Section 15.0 “Fixed Voltage Reference (FVR)” for more information. See Section 16.0 “Temperature Indicator Module” for more information. PIC16(L)F18345 only. DS40001795B-page 242 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 21-2: R/W-0/0 ADCON1: ADC CONTROL REGISTER 1 R/W-0/0 ADFM R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 ADCS<2:0> U-0 R/W-0/0 — ADNREF R/W-0/0 bit 7 R/W-0/0 ADPREF<1:0> bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7 ADFM: ADC Result Format Select bit 1 = Right justified. Six Most Significant bits of ADRESH are set to ‘0’ when the conversion result is loaded. 0 = Left justified. Six Least Significant bits of ADRESL are set to ‘0’ when the conversion result is loaded. bit 6-4 ADCS<2:0>: ADC Conversion Clock Select bits 111 = ADCRC (dedicated RC oscillator) 110 = FOSC/64 101 = FOSC/16 100 = FOSC/4 011 = ADCRC (dedicated RC oscillator) 010 = FOSC/32 001 = FOSC/8 000 = FOSC/2 bit 3 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 2 ADNREF: A/D Negative Voltage Reference Configuration bit When ADON = 0, all multiplexer inputs are disconnected. 0 = VREF- is connected to AVSS 1 = VREF- is connected to external VREF- bit 1-0 ADPREF<1:0>: ADC Positive Voltage Reference Configuration bits 11 = VREF+ is connected to internal Fixed Voltage Reference (FVR) module(1) 10 = VREF+ is connected to external VREF+ pin(1) 01 = Reserved 00 = VREF+ is connected to VDD Note 1: When selecting the VREF+ pin as the source of the positive reference, be aware that a minimum voltage specification exists. See Table 34-13 for details. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 243 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 21-3: ADACT: A/D AUTO-CONVERSION TRIGGER U-0 U-0 U-0 — — — R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 ADACT<4:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-5 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 4-0 ADACT<4:0>: Auto-Conversion Trigger Selection bits(1) 10001 = Timer5 overflow(2) 10000 = Timer3 overflow(2) 1111 = CCP4 1110 = CCP3 1101 = CCP2 1100 = CCP1 1011 = CLC4 1010 = CLC3 1001 = CLC2 1000 = CLC1 0111 = Comparator C2 0110 = Comparator C1 0101 = Timer2-PR2 match 0100 = Timer1 overflow(2) 0011 = Timer0 overflow(2) 0010 = Timer6-PR6 match 0001 = Timer4-PR4 match 0000 = No auto-conversion trigger selected Note 1: 2: This is a rising edge sensitive input for all sources. Trigger corresponds to when the peripheral’s interrupt flag is set. DS40001795B-page 244 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 21-4: R/W-x/u ADRESH: ADC RESULT REGISTER HIGH (ADRESH) ADFM = 0 R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u ADRES<9:2> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-0 ADRES<9:2>: ADC Result Register bits Upper eight bits of 10-bit conversion result REGISTER 21-5: R/W-x/u ADRESL: ADC RESULT REGISTER LOW (ADRESL) ADFM = 0 R/W-x/u ADRES<1:0> R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u — — — — — — bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-6 ADRES<1:0>: ADC Result Register bits Lower two bits of 10-bit conversion result bit 5-0 Reserved: Do not use. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 245 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 21-6: ADRESH: ADC RESULT REGISTER HIGH (ADRESH) ADFM = 1 R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u — — — — — — R/W-x/u R/W-x/u ADRES<9:8> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-2 Reserved: Do not use. bit 1-0 ADRES<9:8>: ADC Result Register bits Upper two bits of 10-bit conversion result REGISTER 21-7: R/W-x/u ADRESL: ADC RESULT REGISTER LOW (ADRESL) ADFM = 1 R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u ADRES<7:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-0 ADRES<7:0>: ADC Result Register bits Lower eight bits of 10-bit conversion result DS40001795B-page 246 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 TABLE 21-3: Name SUMMARY OF REGISTERS ASSOCIATED WITH ADC Register on Page Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 GIE PEIE — — — — — INTEDG 98 PIE1 TMR1GIE ADIE RCIE TXIE SSP1IE BCL1IE TMR2IE TMR1IE 100 PIR1 TMR1GIF ADIF RCIF TXIF SSP1IF BCL1IF TMR2IF TMR1IF 105 141 INTCON TRISA TRISB(1) — — TRISA5 TRISA4 TRISA2 TRISA1 TRISA0 TRISB7 TRISB6 TRISB5 TRISB4 — — — — 147 TRISC5 TRISC4 TRISC3 TRISC2 TRISC1 TRISC0 154 ANSA5 ANSA4 — ANSA2 ANSA1 ANSA0 142 148 TRISC7(1) TRISC6(1) TRISC ANSELA (1) (2) — — — ANSELB ANSB7 ANSB6 ANSB5 ANSB4 — — — — ANSELC ANSC7(1) ANSC6(1) ANSC5 ANSC4 ANSC3 ANSC2 ANSC1 ANSC0 155 ADON 242 ADCON0 ADCON1 ADACT CHS<5:0> ADFM — — — ADRESH ADNREF ADPREF<1:0> ADACT<4:0> 245 ADRESL<7:0> FVREN FVRRDY TSEN DAC1CON1 — — — OSCSTAT1 EXTOR HFOR — TSRNG 245 CDAFVR<1:0> ADFVR<1:0> DAC1R<4:0> LFOR SOR 243 244 ADRESH<7:0> ADRESL FVRCON GO/DONE — ADCS<2:0> ADOR 178 262 — PLLR 88 Legend: — = unimplemented read as ‘0’. Shaded cells are not used for the ADC module. Note 1: PIC16(L)F18345 only. 2: Unimplemented, read as ‘1’. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 247 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 22.0 NUMERICALLY CONTROLLED OSCILLATOR (NCO1) MODULE The Numerically Controlled Oscillator (NCO1) module is a timer that uses the overflow from the addition of an increment value to divide the input frequency. The advantage of the addition method over simple counter-driven timer is that the output frequency resolution does not vary with the divider value. The NCO1 is most useful for applications that require frequency accuracy and fine resolution at a fixed duty cycle. Features of the NCO1 include: • • • • • • • 20-bit increment function Fixed Duty Cycle (FDC) mode Pulse Frequency (PF) mode Output pulse width control Multiple clock input sources Output polarity control Interrupt capability Figure 22-1 is a simplified block diagram of the NCO1 module. DS40001795B-page 248 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. FIGURE 22-1: NUMERICALLY CONTROLLED OSCILLATOR MODULE SIMPLIFIED BLOCK DIAGRAM 1&2INCU 1&2INCH 1&2INCL INCBUFU(1) INCBUFH(1) INCBUFL(1) 1&2IF 1&2BLnterrupt Adder HFINTOSC 00 FOSC 01 LC1BRXW 10 5HVHUYHG 11 D 1&2ACCH Overflow 1&2ACCL Q 1EN 1&2BRXW bit 0 1 1CKS<1:0> 1&2PPS 1&2BFON Overflow S Q R Q 1&2POL 1&2BFON Ripple Counter 111 110 101 100 011 010 001 000 13)0 1PWS<2:0> Reset DS40001795B-page 249 Note 1: The increment registers are double-buffered to allow for value changes to be made without first disabling the NCO1 module. They are shown for reference only and are not user accessible. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 Preliminary 1&2ACCU Peripherals Q PIC16(L)F18325/18345 22.1 NCO1 Operation The NCO1 operates by repeatedly adding a fixed value to an accumulator. Additions occur at the input clock rate. The accumulator will overflow with a carry periodically, which is the raw NCO1 output (NCO_overflow). This effectively reduces the input clock by the ratio of the addition value to the maximum accumulator value. See Equation 22-1. The NCO1 output can be further modified by stretching the pulse or toggling a flip-flop. The modified NCO1 output is then distributed internally to other peripherals and can optionally be output to a pin. The accumulator overflow also generates an interrupt (NCO_interrupt). The NCO1 period changes in discrete steps to create an average frequency. This output depends on the ability of the receiving circuit (i.e., CWG or external resonant converter circuitry) to average the NCO1 output to reduce uncertainty. EQUATION 22-1: NCO1 Clock Frequency Increment Value F OVERFLOW = ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------20 2 22.1.1 NCO1 CLOCK SOURCES 22.1.4 Clock sources available to the NCO1 include: The increment value is stored in three registers making up a 20-bit increment. In order of LSB to MSB they are: • HFINTOSC • FOSC • LC1_out The NCO1 clock source is selected by configuring the N1CKS<2:0> bits in the NCO1CLK register. 22.1.2 ACCUMULATOR The accumulator is a 20-bit register. Read and write access to the accumulator is available through three registers: ADDER The NCO1 adder is a full adder, which operates independently from the system clock. The addition of the previous result and the increment value replaces the accumulator value on the rising edge of each input clock. DS40001795B-page 250 • NCO1INCL • NCO1INCH • NCO1INCU When the NCO1 module is enabled, the NCO1INCU and NCO1INCH registers should be written first, then the NCO1INCL register. Writing to the NCO1INCL register initiates the increment buffer registers to be loaded simultaneously on the second rising edge of the NCO_clk signal. The registers are readable and writable. The increment registers are double-buffered to allow value changes to be made without first disabling the NCO1 module. • NCO1ACCL • NCO1ACCH • NCO1ACCU 22.1.3 INCREMENT REGISTERS When the NCO1 module is disabled, the increment buffers are loaded immediately after a write to the increment registers. Note: Preliminary The increment buffer registers are not user-accessible. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 22.2 Fixed Duty Cycle (FDC) Mode In Fixed Duty Cycle (FDC) mode, every time the accumulator overflows (NCO_overflow), the output is toggled. This provides a 50% duty cycle, provided that the increment value remains constant. For more information, see Figure 22-2. The FDC mode is selected by clearing the N1PFM bit in the NCO1CON register. 22.3 Pulse Frequency (PF) Mode In Pulse Frequency (PF) mode, every time the accumulator overflows (NCO_overflow), the output becomes active for one or more clock periods. Once the clock period expires, the output returns to an inactive state. This provides a pulsed output. The output becomes active on the rising clock edge immediately following the overflow event. For more information, see Figure 22-2. The value of the active and inactive states depends on the polarity bit, N1POL, in the NCO1CON register. The PF mode is selected by setting the N1PFM bit in the NCO1CON register. 22.3.1 OUTPUT PULSE WIDTH CONTROL When operating in PF mode, the active state of the output can vary in width by multiple clock periods. Various pulse widths are selected with the N1PWS<2:0> bits in the NCO1CLK register. When the selected pulse width is greater than the accumulator overflow time frame, the output of the NCO1 operation is indeterminate. 22.4 Output Polarity Control The last stage in the NCO1 module is the output polarity. The N1POL bit in the NCO1CON register selects the output polarity. Changing the polarity while the interrupts are enabled will cause an interrupt for the resulting output transition. The NCO1 output can be used internally by source code or other peripherals. Accomplish this by reading the N1OUT (read-only) bit of the NCO1CON register. The NCO1 output signal is available to the following peripherals: • CLC • CWG 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 251 FDC OUTPUT MODE OPERATION DIAGRAM Rev. 10-000029A 11/7/2013 NCOx Clock Source NCOx Increment Value NCOx Accumulator Value Preliminary NCO_overflow NCO_interrupt NCOx Output FDC Mode 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. NCOx Output PF Mode NCOxPWS = 000 NCOx Output PF Mode NCOxPWS = 001 4000h 00000h 04000h 08000h 4000h FC000h 00000h 04000h 08000h 4000h FC000h 00000h 04000h 08000h PIC16(L)F18325/18345 DS40001795B-page 252 FIGURE 22-2: PIC16(L)F18325/18345 22.5 Interrupts When the accumulator overflows (NCO_overflow), the NCO1 Interrupt Flag bit, NCO1IF, of the PIR2 register is set. To enable the interrupt event (NCO_interrupt), the following bits must be set: • • • • N1EN bit of the NCO1CON register NCO1IE bit of the PIE2 register PEIE bit of the INTCON register GIE bit of the INTCON register The interrupt must be cleared by software by clearing the NCO1IF bit in the Interrupt Service Routine. 22.6 Effects of a Reset All of the NCO1 registers are cleared to zero as the result of a Reset. 22.7 Operation in Sleep The NCO1 module operates independently from the system clock and will continue to run during Sleep, provided that the clock source selected remains active. The HFINTOSC remains active during Sleep when the NCO1 module is enabled and the HFINTOSC is selected as the clock source, regardless of the system clock source selected. In other words, if the HFINTOSC is simultaneously selected as the system clock and the NCO1 clock source, when the NCO1 is enabled, the CPU will go idle during Sleep, but the NCO1 will continue to operate and the HFINTOSC will remain active. This will have a direct effect on the Sleep mode current. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 253 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 22.8 NCO1 Control Registers REGISTER 22-1: NCO1CON: NCO1 CONTROL REGISTER R/W-0/0 U-0 R-0/0 R/W-0/0 U-0 U-0 U-0 R/W-0/0 N1EN — N1OUT N1POL — — — N1PFM bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7 N1EN: NCO1 Enable bit 1 = NCO1 module is enabled 0 = NCO1 module is disabled bit 6 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’. bit 5 N1OUT: NCO1 Output bit Displays the current output value of the NCO1 module bit 4 N1POL: NCO1 Polarity 1 = NCO1 output signal is inverted 0 = NCO1 output signal is not inverted bit 3-1 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’. bit 0 N1PFM: NCO1 Output Divider mode 1 = NCO1 operates in Pulse Frequency mode 0 = NCO1 operates in Fixed Duty Cycle mode, divide by 2 DS40001795B-page 254 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 22-2: R/W-0/0 NCO1CLK: NCO1 INPUT CLOCK CONTROL REGISTER R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 N1PWS<2:0> U-0 U-0 U-0 — — — R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 N1CKS<1:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-5 N1PWS<2:0>: NCO1 Output Pulse Width Select(1, 2) 000 = NCO1 output is active for 1 input clock period 001 = NCO1 output is active for 2 input clock periods 010 = NCO1 output is active for 4 input clock periods 011 = NCO1 output is active for 8 input clock periods 100 = NCO1 output is active for 16 input clock periods 101 = NCO1 output is active for 32 input clock periods 110 = NCO1 output is active for 64 input clock periods 111 = NCO1 output is active for 128 input clock periods bit 4-2 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 1-0 N1CKS<1:0>: NCO1 Clock Source Select bits 00 = HFINTOSC (16 MHz) 01 = FOSC 10 = CLC1OUT 11 =Reserved Note 1: 2: N1PWS applies only when operating in Pulse Frequency mode. If NCO1 pulse width is greater than NCO1 overflow period, operation is undefined. REGISTER 22-3: R/W-0/0 NCO1ACCL: NCO1 ACCUMULATOR REGISTER – LOW BYTE R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 NCO1ACC<7:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-0 NCO1ACC<7:0>: NCO1 Accumulator, low byte 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 255 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 22-4: R/W-0/0 NCO1ACCH: NCO1 ACCUMULATOR REGISTER – HIGH BYTE R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 NCO1ACC<15:8> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-0 NCO1ACC<15:8>: NCO1 Accumulator, high byte NCO1ACCU: NCO1 ACCUMULATOR REGISTER – UPPER BYTE(1) REGISTER 22-5: U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 — — — — R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 NCO1ACC<19:16> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-4 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 3-0 NCO1ACC<19:16>: NCO1 Accumulator, upper byte Note 1: The accumulator spans registers NCO1ACCU:NCO1ACCH:NCO1ACCL. The 24 bits are reserved but not all are used.This register updates in real-time, asynchronously to the CPU; there is no provision to guarantee atomic access to this 24-bit space using an 8-bit bus. Writing to this register while the module is operating will produce undefined results. REGISTER 22-6: R/W-0/0 NCO1INCL(1,2): NCO1 INCREMENT REGISTER – LOW BYTE R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-1/1 NCO1INC<7:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-0 Note 1: 2: NCO1INC<7:0>: NCO1 Increment, low byte The logical increment spans NCO1INCU:NCO1INCH:NCO1INCL. NCO1INC is double-buffered as INCBUF; INCBUF is updated on the next falling edge of NCOCLK after writing to NCO1INCL;NCO1INCU and NCO1INCH should be written prior to writing NCO1INCL. DS40001795B-page 256 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 NCO1INCH(1): NCO1 INCREMENT REGISTER – HIGH BYTE REGISTER 22-7: R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 NCO1INC<15:8> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-0 Note 1: NCO1INC<15:8>: NCO1 Increment, high byte The logical increment spans NCO1INCU:NCO1INCH:NCO1INCL. NCO1INCU(1): NCO1 INCREMENT REGISTER – UPPER BYTE REGISTER 22-8: U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 — — — — R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 NCO1INC<19:16> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-4 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 3-0 NCO1INC<19:16>: NCO1 Increment, upper byte Note 1: The logical increment spans NCO1INCU:NCO1INCH:NCO1INCL. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 257 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 TABLE 22-1: Name TRISA SUMMARY OF REGISTERS ASSOCIATED WITH NCO1 Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 — — TRISA5 TRISA4 —(2) Bit 0 Register on Page TRISA2 TRISA1 TRISA0 141 Bit 2 Bit 1 ANSELA — — ANSA5 ANSA4 — ANSA2 ANSA1 ANSA0 142 TRISB(1) TRISB7 TRISB6 TRISB5 TRISB4 — — — — 147 ANSELB(1) ANSB7 ANSB6 ANSB5 ANSB4 — — — — 148 TRISC ANSELC (1) (1) TRISC6 TRISC5 TRISC4 TRISC3 TRISC2 TRISC1 TRISC0 154 (1) ANSC6(1) ANSC5 ANSC4 ANSC3 ANSC0 155 TRISC7 ANSC7 ANSC2 ANSC1 PIR2 TMR6IF C2IF C1IF NVMIF SSP2IF BCL2IF TMR4IF NCO1IF 106 PIE2 TMR6IE C2IE C1IE NVMIE SSP2IE BCL2IE TMR4IE NCO1IE 101 GIE PEIE — — — — — INTEDG 98 N1EN — N1OUT N1POL — — — N1PFM 254 — — — N1CKS<1:0> INTCON NCO1CON NCO1CLK N1PWS<2:0> 255 NCO1ACCL NCO1ACC <7:0> 255 NCO1ACCH NCO1ACC <15:8> 256 NCO1ACCU — — — — NCO1ACC <19:16> 256 NCO1INCL NCO1INC<7:0> 256 NCO1INCH NCO1INC<15:8> 257 NCO1INCU — — — — RxyPPS — — — CWG1DAT — — — — DAT<3:0> 213 MDSRC — — — — MDMS<3:0> 270 MDCARH — MDCHPOL MDCHSYNC — MDCH<3:0> 271 MDCARL — MDCLPOL MDCLSYNC — MDCL<3:0> 272 CCPxCAP — — — — CCPxCTS<3:0> 308 NCO1INC<19:16> RxyPPS<4:0> 257 161 Legend: — = unimplemented read as ‘0’. Shaded cells are not used for NCO1 module. Note 1: PIC16(L)F18345 only. 2: Unimplemented, read as ‘1’. DS40001795B-page 258 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 23.0 5-BIT DIGITAL-TO-ANALOG CONVERTER (DAC1) MODULE The Digital-to-Analog Converter supplies a variable voltage reference, ratiometric with the input source, with 32 selectable output levels. 23.1 Output Voltage Selection The DAC has 32 voltage level ranges. The 32 levels are set with the DAC1R<4:0> bits of the DAC1CON1 register. The DAC output voltage is determined by Equation 23-1: The input of the DAC can be connected to: • External VREF pins • VDD supply voltage • FVR (Fixed Voltage Reference) The output of the DAC can be configured to supply a reference voltage to the following: • Comparator positive input • ADC input channel • DAC1OUT pin The Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC) is enabled by setting the DAC1EN bit of the DAC1CON0 register. EQUATION 23-1: DAC OUTPUT VOLTAGE V OUT DAC1R 4:0 = V – V ---------------------------------- + V SOURCESOURCE+ SOURCE5 2 V SOURCE+ = VDD or VREF+ or FVR V 23.2 SOURCE- = V SS or V REF- Ratiometric Output Level The DAC output value is derived using a resistor ladder with each end of the ladder tied to a positive and negative voltage reference input source. If the voltage of either input source fluctuates, a similar fluctuation will result in the DAC output value. The value of the individual resistors within the ladder can be found in Table 34-15. 23.3 DAC Voltage Reference Output The DAC voltage can be output to the DAC1OUT pin by setting the DAC1OE bit of the DAC1CON0 register. Selecting the DAC reference voltage for output on the DAC1OUT pin automatically overrides the digital output buffer and digital input threshold detector functions, it disables the weak pull-up and the constant-current drive function of that pin. Reading the DAC1OUT pin when it has been configured for DAC reference voltage output will always return a ‘0’. Due to the limited current drive capability, a buffer must be used on the DAC voltage reference output for external connections to the DAC1OUT pin. Figure 23-2 shows an example buffering technique. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 259 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 FIGURE 23-1: DIGITAL-TO-ANALOG CONVERTER BLOCK DIAGRAM 00 VDD 01 VREF+ FVR_buffer2 10 Reserved 11 VSOURCE+ DAC1R<4:0> 5 R DAC1PSS R DAC1EN R 32-to-1 MUX R 32 Steps DAC1_output To Peripherals R DAC1OUT R (1) DAC1OE R DAC1NSS VREF- 1 VSS VSOURCE- 0 Note 1: The unbuffered DAC1_output is provided on the DAC1OUT pin(s). FIGURE 23-2: VOLTAGE REFERENCE OUTPUT BUFFER EXAMPLE PIC® MCU DAC Module R Voltage Reference Output Impedance DS40001795B-page 260 DAC1OUT Preliminary + – Buffered DAC Output 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 23.4 Operation During Sleep 23.5 The DAC continues to function during Sleep. When the device wakes up from Sleep through an interrupt or a Watchdog Timer time-out, the contents of the DAC1CON0 register are not affected. 23.6 Effects of a Reset A device Reset affects the following: • DAC is disabled. • DAC output voltage is removed from the DAC1OUT pin. • The DAC1R<4:0> range select bits are cleared. Register Definitions: DAC Control REGISTER 23-1: DACCON0: VOLTAGE REFERENCE CONTROL REGISTER 0 R/W-0/0 U-0 R/W-0/0 U-0 DAC1EN — DAC1OE — R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 U-0 R/W-0/0 — DAC1NSS DAC1PSS<1:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7 DAC1EN: DAC1 Enable bit 1 = DAC is enabled 0 = DAC is disabled bit 6 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 5 DAC1OE: DAC1 Voltage Output 1 Enable bit 1 = DAC voltage level is also an output on the DAC1OUT pin 0 = DAC voltage level is disconnected from the DAC1OUT pin bit 4 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 3-2 DAC1PSS<1:0>: DAC1 Positive Source Select bits 11 = Reserved, do not use 10 = FVR output 01 = VREF+ pin 00 = VDD bit 1 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 0 DAC1NSS: DAC1 Negative Source Select bits 1 = VREF- pin 0 = VSS 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 261 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 23-2: DACCON1: VOLTAGE REFERENCE CONTROL REGISTER 1 U-0 U-0 U-0 — — — R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 DAC1R<4:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-5 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 4-0 DAC1R<4:0>: DAC1 Voltage Output Select bits VOUT = (VSRC+ - VSRC-)*(DAC1R<4:0>/32) + VSRC TABLE 23-1: Name DACCON0 SUMMARY OF REGISTERS ASSOCIATED WITH THE DAC1 MODULE Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 DAC1EN — DAC1OE — — DACCON1 — — CMxCON1 CxINTP CxINTN ADCON0 Bit 3 Bit 2 DAC1PSS<1:0> Bit 1 Bit 0 Register on page — DAC1NSS 261 DAC1R<4:0> CxPCH<2:0> CHS<5:0> 262 CxNCH<2:0> GO/DONE 189 ADON 242 Legend: — = Unimplemented location, read as ‘0’. Shaded cells are not used with the DAC module. DS40001795B-page 262 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 24.0 DATA SIGNAL MODULATOR (DSM) MODULE The Data Signal Modulator (DSM) is a peripheral which allows the user to mix a data stream, also known as a modulator signal, with a carrier signal to produce a modulated output. Both the carrier and the modulator signals are supplied to the DSM module either internally, from the output of a peripheral, or externally through an input pin. The modulated output signal is generated by performing a logical “AND” operation of both the carrier and modulator signals and then provided to the MDOUT pin. The carrier signal is comprised of two distinct and separate signals. A carrier high (CARH) signal and a carrier low (CARL) signal. During the time in which the modulator (MOD) signal is in a logic high state, the DSM mixes the carrier high signal with the modulator signal. When the modulator signal is in a logic low state, the DSM mixes the carrier low signal with the modulator signal. Using this method, the DSM can generate the following types of key modulation schemes: • Frequency-Shift Keying (FSK) • Phase-Shift Keying (PSK) • On-Off Keying (OOK) Additionally, the following features are provided within the DSM module: • • • • • • • Carrier Synchronization Carrier Source Polarity Select Carrier Source Pin Disable Programmable Modulator Data Modulator Source Pin Disable Modulated Output Polarity Select Slew Rate Control Figure 24-1 shows a simplified block diagram of the Data Signal Modulator peripheral. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 263 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 FIGURE 24-1: SIMPLIFIED BLOCK DIAGRAM OF THE DATA SIGNAL MODULATOR MDCH<3:0> VSS MDCIN1 MDCIN2 CLKR CCP1 CCP2 PWM5 PWM6 1&2 RHVHUYHG FOSC HFINTOSC CLC1 CLC2 CLC3 CLC4 Data Signal Modulator 0000 0001 0010 0011 0100 0101 0110 0111 1000 1001 1010 1011 1100 1101 1110 1111 CARH MDCHPOL D SYNC Q 1 MDMS<3:0> MDBIT MDMIN CCP1 CCP2 PWM5 PWM6 C1 C2 SDO1 SDO2 EUSART TX 1&2 CLC1 CLC2 CLC3 CLC4 0 0000 0001 0010 0011 0100 0101 0110 0111 1000 1001 1010 1011 1100 1101 1110 1111 MDCHSYNC MOD DSM MDOPOL MDCL<3:0> D VSS MDCIN1 MDCIN2 CLKR CCP1 CCP2 PWM5 PWM6 1&2 RHVHUYHG FOSC HFINTOSC CLC1 CLC2 CLC3 CLC4 0000 0001 0010 0011 0100 0101 0110 0111 1000 1001 1010 1011 1100 1101 1110 1111 DS40001795B-page 264 SYNC Q 1 0 CARL MDCLSYNC MDCLPOL Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 24.1 DSM Operation 24.3 The DSM module can be enabled by setting the MDEN bit in the MDCON register. Clearing the MDEN bit in the MDCON register, disables the DSM module by automatically switching the carrier high and carrier low signals to the VSS signal source. The modulator signal source is also switched to the MDBIT in the MDCON register. This not only assures that the DSM module is inactive, but that it is also consuming the least amount of current. The values used to select the carrier high, carrier low, and modulator sources held by the Modulation Source, Modulation High Carrier, and Modulation Low Carrier control registers are not affected when the MDEN bit is cleared and the DSM module is disabled. The values inside these registers remain unchanged while the DSM is inactive. The sources for the carrier high, carrier low and modulator signals will once again be selected when the MDEN bit is set and the DSM module is again enabled and active. The modulated output signal can be disabled without shutting down the DSM module. The DSM module will remain active and continue to mix signals, but the output value will not be sent to the DSM pin. During the time that the output is disabled, the DSM pin will remain low. The modulated output can be disabled by clearing the MDEN bit in the MDCON register. 24.2 Modulator Signal Sources The modulator signal can be supplied from the following sources: • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • CCP1 Signal CCP2 Signal PWM5 Output PWM6 Output MSSP1 SDO1 Signal (SPI mode only) MSSP2 SDO2 Signal (SPI mode only) Comparator C1 Signal Comparator C2 Signal EUSART1 TX Signal External Signal on MDMIN pin NCO1 output CLC1 output CLC2 output CLC3 output CLC4 output MDBIT bit in the MDCON register Carrier Signal Sources The carrier high signal and carrier low signal can be supplied from the following sources: • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • CCP1 Signal CCP2 Signal PWM5 Output PWM6 Output NCO1 Output FOSC (System Clock) HFINTOSC CLC1 Output CLC2 Output CLC3 Output CLC4 Output Reference Clock Module Signal External Signal on MDCIN1 pin External Signal on MDCIN2 pin VSS The carrier high signal is selected by configuring the MDCH <3:0> bits in the MDCARH register. The carrier low signal is selected by configuring the MDCL <3:0> bits in the MDCARL register. 24.4 Carrier Synchronization During the time when the DSM switches between carrier high and carrier low signal sources, the carrier data in the modulated output signal can become truncated. To prevent this, the carrier signal can be synchronized to the modulator signal. When the modulator signal transitions away from the synchronized carrier, the unsynchronized carrier source is immediately active, while the synchronized carrier remains active until its next falling edge. When the modulator signal transitions back to the synchronized carrier, the unsynchronized carrier is immediately disabled, and the modulator waits until the next falling edge of the synchronized carrier before the synchronized carrier becomes active. Synchronization is enabled separately for the carrier high and carrier low signal sources. Synchronization for the carrier high signal is enabled by setting the MDCHSYNC bit in the MDCARH register. Synchronization for the carrier low signal is enabled by setting the MDCLSYNC bit in the MDCARL register. Figure 24-1 through Figure 24-6 show timing diagrams of using various synchronization methods. The modulator signal is selected by configuring the MDMS <3:0> bits in the MDSRC register. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 265 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 FIGURE 24-2: ON OFF KEYING (OOK) SYNCHRONIZATION Carrier Low (CARL) Carrier High (CARH) Modulator (MOD) MDCHSYNC = 1 MDCLSYNC = 0 MDCHSYNC = 1 MDCLSYNC = 1 MDCHSYNC = 0 MDCLSYNC = 0 MDCHSYNC = 0 MDCLSYNC = 1 FIGURE 24-3: NO SYNCHRONIZATION (MDSHSYNC = 0, MDCLSYNC = 0) Carrier High (CARH) Carrier Low (CARL) Modulator (MOD) MDCHSYNC = 0 MDCLSYNC = 0 Active Carrier State FIGURE 24-4: CARH CARL CARH CARL CARRIER HIGH SYNCHRONIZATION (MDSHSYNC = 1, MDCLSYNC = 0) Carrier High (CARH) Carrier Low (CARL) Modulator (MOD) MDCHSYNC = 1 MDCLSYNC = 0 Active Carrier State DS40001795B-page 266 CARH both CARL Preliminary CARH both CARL 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 FIGURE 24-5: CARRIER LOW SYNCHRONIZATION (MDSHSYNC = 0, MDCLSYNC = 1) Carrier High (CARH) Carrier Low (CARL) Modulator (MOD) MDCHSYNC = 0 MDCLSYNC = 1 Active Carrier State FIGURE 24-6: CARH CARL CARH CARL FULL SYNCHRONIZATION (MDSHSYNC = 1, MDCLSYNC = 1) Carrier High (CARH) Carrier Low (CARL) Modulator (MOD) Falling edges used to sync MDCHSYNC = 1 MDCLSYNC = 1 Active Carrier State CARH 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. CARL Preliminary CARH CARL DS40001795B-page 267 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 24.5 Carrier Source Polarity Select The signal provided from any selected input source for the carrier high and carrier low signals can be inverted. Inverting the signal for the carrier high source is enabled by setting the MDCHPOL bit of the MDCARH register. Inverting the signal for the carrier low source is enabled by setting the MDCLPOL bit of the MDCARL register. 24.6 Programmable Modulator Data The MDBIT of the MDCON register can be selected as the source for the modulator signal. This gives the user the ability to program the value used for modulation. 24.7 Modulated Output Polarity The modulated output signal provided on the DSM pin can also be inverted. Inverting the modulated output signal is enabled by setting the MDOPOL bit of the MDCON register. 24.8 Slew Rate Control The slew rate limitation on the output port pin can be disabled. The slew rate limitation can be removed by clearing the SLR bit of the SLRCON register associated with that pin. For example, clearing the slew rate limitation for pin RA5 would require clearing the SLRA5 bit of the SLRCONA register. 24.9 Operation in Sleep Mode The DSM module is not affected by Sleep mode. The DSM can still operate during Sleep, if the Carrier and Modulator input sources are also still operable during Sleep. 24.10 Effects of a Reset Upon any device Reset, the DSM module is disabled. The user’s firmware is responsible for initializing the module before enabling the output. The registers are reset to their default values. DS40001795B-page 268 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 24.11 Register Definitions: Modulation Control REGISTER 24-1: MDCON: MODULATION CONTROL REGISTER R/W-0/0 U-0 U-0 R/W-0/0 R-0/0 U-0 U-0 R/W-0/0 MDEN — — MDOPOL MDOUT — — MDBIT(2) bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7 MDEN: Modulator Module Enable bit 1 = Modulator module is enabled and mixing input signals 0 = Modulator module is disabled and has no output bit 6-5 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 4 MDOPOL: Modulator Output Polarity Select bit 1 = Modulator output signal is inverted; idle high output 0 = Modulator output signal is not inverted; idle low output bit 3 MDOUT: Modulator Output bit Displays the current output value of the modulator module.(1) bit 2-1 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 0 MDBIT: Allows software to manually set modulation source input to module(2) Note 1: 2: The modulated output frequency can be greater and asynchronous from the clock that updates this register bit, the bit value may not be valid for higher speed modulator or carrier signals. MDBIT must be selected as the modulation source in the MDSRC register for this operation. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 269 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 24-2: MDSRC: MODULATION SOURCE CONTROL REGISTER U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 — — — — R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u MDMS<3:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-4 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 3-0 MDMS<3:0> Modulation Source Selection bits 1111 = CLC4 output 1110 = CLC3 output 1101 = CLC2 output 1100 = CLC1 output 1011 = NCO1 output 1010 = EUSART1 TX output 1001 = MSSP2 SDO2 output 1000 = MSSP1 SDO1 output 0111 = C2 (Comparator 2) output 0110 = C1 (Comparator 1) output 0101 = PWM6 output 0100 = PWM5 output 0011 = CCP2 output (PWM Output mode only) 0010 = CCP1 output (PWM Output mode only) 0001 = MDMINPPS 0000 = MDBIT bit of MDCON register is modulation source DS40001795B-page 270 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 24-3: U-0 MDCARH: MODULATION HIGH CARRIER CONTROL REGISTER R/W-x/u — MDCHPOL R/W-x/u MDCHSYNC U-0 R/W-x/u — R/W-x/u R/W-x/u MDCH<3:0> R/W-x/u (1) bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 6 MDCHPOL: Modulator High Carrier Polarity Select bit 1 = Selected high carrier signal is inverted 0 = Selected high carrier signal is not inverted bit 5 MDCHSYNC: Modulator High Carrier Synchronization Enable bit 1 = Modulator waits for a falling edge on the high time carrier signal before allowing a switch to the low time carrier 0 = Modulator output is not synchronized to the high time carrier signal(1) bit 4 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 3-0 MDCH<3:0> Modulator Data High Carrier Selection bits (1) 1111 = CLC4 output 1110 = CLC3 output 1101 = CLC2 output 1100 = CLC1 output 1011 = HFINTOSC 1010 = FOSC 1001 = Reserved. No channel connected. 1000 = NCO1 output 0111 = PWM6 output 0110 = PWM5 output 0101 = CCP2 output (PWM Output mode only) 0100 = CCP1 output (PWM Output mode only) 0011 = Reference clock module signal (CLKR) 0010 = MDCIN2PPS 0001 = MDCIN1PPS 0000 = VSS Note 1: Narrowed carrier pulse widths or spurs may occur in the signal stream if the carrier is not synchronized. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 271 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 24-4: U-0 MDCARL: MODULATION LOW CARRIER CONTROL REGISTER R/W-x/u — MDCLPOL R/W-x/u MDCLSYNC U-0 R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u (1) — MDCL<3:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 6 MDCLPOL: Modulator Low Carrier Polarity Select bit 1 = Selected low carrier signal is inverted 0 = Selected low carrier signal is not inverted bit 5 MDCLSYNC: Modulator Low Carrier Synchronization Enable bit 1 = Modulator waits for a falling edge on the low time carrier signal before allowing a switch to the high time carrier 0 = Modulator output is not synchronized to the low time carrier signal(1) bit 4 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 3-0 MDCL<3:0> Modulator Data High Carrier Selection bits (1) 1111 = CLC4 output 1110 = CLC3 output 1101 = CLC2 output 1100 = CLC1 output 1011 = HFINTOSC 1010 = FOSC 1001 = Reserved. No channel connected. 1000 = NCO1 output 0111 = PWM6 output 0110 = PWM5 output 0101 = CCP2 output (PWM Output mode only) 0100 = CCP1 output (PWM Output mode only) 0011 = Reference clock module signal (CLKR) 0010 = MDCIN2PPS 0001 = MDCIN1PPS 0000 = VSS Note 1: Narrowed carrier pulse widths or spurs may occur in the signal stream if the carrier is not synchronized. DS40001795B-page 272 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 TABLE 24-1: SUMMARY OF REGISTERS ASSOCIATED WITH DATA SIGNAL MODULATOR MODE Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Register on Page TRISA ― ― TRISA5 TRISA4 ―(2) TRISA2 TRISA1 TRISA0 141 ANSELA ― ― ANSA5 ANSA4 ― ANSA2 ANSA1 ANSA0 142 SLRCONA ― ― SLRA5 SLRA4 ― SLRA2 SLRA1 SLRA0 144 INLVLA ― ― INLVLA5 INLVLA4 TRISB TRISB7 TRISB6 TRISB5 TRISB4 ― ― ― ― 147 ANSELB(1) ANSB7 ANSB6 ANSB5 ANSB4 ― ― ― ― 148 SLRCONB(1) SLRB7 SLRB6 SLRB5 SLRB4 ― ― ― ― 150 INLVLB7 INLVLB6 INLVLB5 INLVLB4 ― ― ― ― 150 TRISC TRISC7(1) TRISC6(1) TRISC5 TRISC4 TRISC3 TRISC2 TRISC1 TRISC0 154 ANSELC ANSC7(1) ANSC6(1) ANSC5 ANSC4 ANSC3 ANSC2 ANSC1 ANSC0 155 SLRCONC SLRC7(1) SLRC6(1) SLRC3 SLRC2 SLRC1 SLRC0 156 Name (1) INLVLB (1) MDCON MDEN 144 SLRC5 SLRC4 INLVLC5 INLVLC4 INLVLC3 INLVLC2 INLVLC1 INLVLC0 157 ― ― MDOPOL MDOUT 269 ― ― INLVLC7(1) INLVLC6(1) INLVLC INLVLA3 INLVLA2 INLVLA1 INLVLA0 ― ― MDBIT MDSRC ― ― MDMS<3:0> 270 MDCARH ― MDCHPOL MDCHSYNC ― MDCH<3:0> 271 MDCARL ― MDCLPOL MDCLSYNC ― MDCL<3:0> 272 MDCIN1PPS ― ― ― MDCIN1PPS<4:0> 160 MDCIN2PPS ― ― ― MDCIN2PPS<4:0> 160 MDMINPPS ― ― ― MDMINPPS<4:0> 160 Legend: Note 1: 2: — = unimplemented, read as ‘0’. Shaded cells are not used in the Data Signal Modulator mode. PIC16(L)F18345 only. Unimplemented. Read as ‘1’. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 273 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 25.0 25.1.2 TIMER0 MODULE The Timer0 module is an 8/16-bit timer/counter with the following features: • • • • • • • • • 16-bit timer/counter 8-bit timer/counter with programmable period Synchronous or asynchronous operation Selectable clock sources Programmable prescaler (independent of Watchdog Timer) Programmable postscaler Operation during Sleep mode Interrupt on match or overflow Output on I/O pin (via PPS) or to other peripherals 25.1 Timer0 Operation Timer0 can operate as either an 8-bit timer/counter or a 16-bit timer/counter. The mode is selected with the T016BIT bit of the T0CON register. When used with an internal clock source, the module is a timer and increments on every instruction cycle. When used with an external clock source, the module can be used as either a timer or a counter and increments on every rising edge of the external source. 25.1.1 16-BIT MODE In normal operation, TMR0 increments on the rising edge of the clock source. A 15-bit prescaler on the clock input gives several prescale options (see prescaler control bits, T0CKPS<3:0> in the T0CON1 register). 25.1.1.1 Timer0 Reads and Writes in 16-bit Mode 8-BIT MODE In normal operation, TMR0 increments on the rising edge of the clock source. A 15-bit prescaler on the clock input gives several prescale options (see prescaler control bits, T0CKPS<3:0> in the T0CON1 register). The value of TMR0L is compared to that of the Period buffer, a copy of TMR0H, on each clock cycle. When the two values match, the following events happen: • TMR0_out goes high for one prescaled clock period • TMR0L is reset • The contents of TMR0H are copied to the period buffer In 8-bit mode, the TMR0L and TMR0H registers are both directly readable and writable. The TMR0L register is cleared on any device Reset, while the TMR0H register initializes at FFh. Both the prescaler and postscaler counters are cleared on the following events: • A write to the TMR0L register • A write to either the T0CON0 or T0CON1 registers. • Any device Reset – Power-on Reset (POR),MCLR Reset, Watchdog Timer Reset (WDTR) or Brown-out Reset (BOR) 25.1.3 COUNTER MODE In Counter mode, the prescaler is normally disabled by setting the T0CKPS bits of the T0CON1 register to ‘0000’. Each rising edge of the clock input (or the output of the prescaler if the prescaler is used) increments the counter by ‘1’. TMR0H is not the actual high byte of Timer0 in 16-bit mode. It is actually a buffered version of the real high byte of Timer0, which is neither directly readable nor writable (see Figure 25-1). TMR0H is updated with the contents of the high byte of Timer0 during a read of TMR0L. This provides the ability to read all 16 bits of Timer0 without having to verify that the read of the high and low byte was valid, due to a rollover between successive reads of the high and low byte. 25.1.4 Similarly, a write to the high byte of Timer0 must also take place through the TMR0H Buffer register. The high byte is updated with the contents of TMR0H when a write occurs to TMR0L. This allows all 16 bits of Timer0 to be updated at once. When the T0ASYNC bit of the T0CON1 register is set (T0ASYNC = 1), the counter increments with each rising edge of the input source (or output of the prescaler, if used). Asynchronous mode allows the counter to continue operation during Sleep mode provided that the clock also continues to operate during Sleep. DS40001795B-page 274 TIMER MODE In Timer mode, the Timer0 module will increment every instruction cycle as long as there is a valid clock signal and the T0CKPS bits of the T0CON1 register (Register 25-4) are set to ‘0000’. When a prescaler is added, the timer will increment at the rate based on the prescaler value. 25.1.5 Preliminary ASYNCHRONOUS MODE 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 25.1.6 SYNCHRONOUS MODE 25.6 When the T0ASYNC bit of the T0CON1 register is clear (T0ASYNC = 0), the counter clock is synchronized to the system oscillator (FOSC/4). When operating in Synchronous mode, the counter clock frequency cannot exceed FOSC/4. 25.2 Clock Source Selection The T0CS<2:0> bits of the T0CON1 register are used to select the clock source for Timer0. Register 25-4 displays the clock source selections. 25.2.1 INTERNAL CLOCK SOURCE When the internal clock source is selected, Timer0 operates as a timer and will increment on multiples of the clock source, as determined by the Timer0 prescaler. 25.2.2 EXTERNAL CLOCK SOURCE When an external clock source is selected, Timer0 can operate as either a timer or a counter. Timer0 will increment on multiples of the rising edge of the external clock source, as determined by the Timer0 prescaler. 25.3 Programmable Prescaler A software programmable prescaler is available for exclusive use with Timer0. There are 16 prescaler options for Timer0 ranging in powers of two from 1:1 to 1:32768. The prescaler values are selected using the T0CKPS<3:0> bits of the T0CON1 register. The prescaler is not directly readable or writable. Clearing the prescaler register can be done by writing to the TMR0L register or the T0CON1 register. 25.4 Timer0 Interrupts The Timer0 Interrupt Flag bit (TMR0IF) is set when either of the following conditions occur: • 8-bit TMR0L matches the TMR0H value • 16-bit TMR0 rolls over from FFFFh When the postscaler bits (T0OUTPS<3:0>) are set to 1:1 operation (no division), the T0IF Flag bit will be set with every TMR0 match or rollover. In general, the TMR0IF Flag bit will be set every T0OUTPS +1 matches or rollovers. If Timer0 interrupts are enabled (TMR0IE bit of the PIE0 register = 1), the CPU will be interrupted and the device may wake from Sleep (see Section 25.5 “Operation During Sleep” for more details). 25.7 Timer0 Output The Timer0 output can be routed to any I/O pin via the RxyPPS output selection register (see Section 12.0 “Peripheral Pin Select (PPS) Module” for additional information). The Timer0 output can also be used by other peripherals, such as the auto-conversion trigger of the Analog-to-Digital Converter. Finally, the Timer0 output can be monitored through software via the Timer0 Output bit (T0OUT) of the T0CON0 register (Register 25-3). TMR0_out will be one postscaled clock period when a match occurs between TMR0L and TMR0H in 8-bit mode, or when TMR0 rolls over in 16-bit mode. The Timer0 output is a 50% duty cycle that toggles on each TMR0_out rising clock edge. Programmable Postscaler A software programmable postscaler (output divider) is available for exclusive use with Timer0. There are 16 postscaler options for Timer0 ranging from 1:1 to 1:16. The postscaler values are selected using the T0OUTPS<3:0> bits of the T0CON0 register. The postscaler is not directly readable or writable. Clearing the postscaler register can be done by writing to the TMR0L register or the T0CON0 register. 25.5 Operation During Sleep When operating synchronously, Timer0 will halt. When operating asynchronously, Timer0 will continue to increment and wake the device from Sleep (if Timer0 interrupts are enabled) provided that the input clock source is active. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 275 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 FIGURE 25-1: BLOCK DIAGRAM OF TIMER0 Rev. 10-000017B 2/27/2014 CLC1 111 SOSC 110 Reserved 101 LFINTOSC 100 T0_match T0CKPS<3:0> SYNC 010 FOSC/4 T0CKIPPS (Inverted) 001 T0CKIPPS 000 Peripherals T0OUTPS<3:0> T0IF 1 Prescaler 011 HFINTOSC TMR0 BODY 0 IN OUT T0_out Postscaler TMR0 FOSC/4 T016BIT T0ASYNC Q D PPS RxyPPS CK Q T0CS<2:0> 8-bit TMR0 Body Diagram (T016BIT = 0) IN TMR0L R 16-bit TMR0 Body Diagram (T016BIT = 1) Clear IN TMR0L TMR0 High Byte(1) OUT 8 Read TMR0L COMPARATOR OUT Write TMR0L T0_match 8 8 TMR0H TMR0 High Byte(1) Latch Enable 8 TMR0H 8 Internal Data Bus DS40001795B-page 276 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 25.8 Register Definitions: Timer0 Register REGISTER 25-1: R/W-0/0 TMR0L: TIMER0 COUNT REGISTER R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 TMR0L<7:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-0 TMR0L<7:0>:TMR0 Counter bits 7..0 REGISTER 25-2: R/W-1/1 TMR0H: TIMER0 PERIOD REGISTER R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 TMR0H<7:0> or TMR0<15:8> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-0 When T016BIT = 0 TMR0H<7:0>:TMR0 Period Register Bits 7..0 When T016BIT = 1 TMR0<15:8>: TMR0 Counter bits 15..8 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 277 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 25-3: T0CON0: TIMER0 CONTROL REGISTER 0 R/W-0/0 U-0 R-0 R/W-0/0 T0EN — T0OUT T016BIT R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 T0OUTPS<3:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7 T0EN:TMR0 Enable bit 1 = The module is enabled and operating 0 = The module is disabled and in the lowest power mode bit 6 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 5 T0OUT:TMR0 Output (read-only) TMR0 output bit bit 4 T016BIT: TMR0 Operating as 16-bit Timer Select bit 1 = TMR0 is a 16-bit timer 0 = TMR0 is an 8-bit timer bit 3-0 T0OUTPS<3:0>: TMR0 Output Postscaler (divider) Select bits 0000 = 1:1 Postscaler 0001 = 1:2 Postscaler 0010 = 1:3 Postscaler 0011 = 1:4 Postscaler 0100 = 1:5 Postscaler 0101 = 1:6 Postscaler 0110 = 1:7 Postscaler 0111 = 1:8 Postscaler 1000 = 1:9 Postscaler 1001 = 1:10 Postscaler 1010 = 1:11 Postscaler 1011 = 1:12 Postscaler 1100 = 1:13 Postscaler 1101 = 1:14 Postscaler 1110 = 1:15 Postscaler 1111 = 1:16 Postscaler DS40001795B-page 278 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 25-4: R/W-0/0 T0CON1: TIMER0 CONTROL REGISTER 1 R/W-0/0 T0CS<2:0> R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 T0ASYNC R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 T0CKPS<3:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-5 T0CS<2:0>:Timer0 Clock Source Select bits 000 = T0CKIPPS (True) 001 = T0CKIPPS (Inverted) 010 = FOSC/4 011 = HFINTOSC 100 = LFINTOSC 101 = Reserved 110 = SOSC 111 = CLC1 bit 4 T0ASYNC: TMR0 Input Asynchronization Enable bit 1 = The input to the TMR0 counter is not synchronized to system clocks 0 = The input to the TMR0 counter is synchronized to FOSC/4 bit 3-0 T0CKPS<3:0>: Prescaler Rate Select bit 0000 = 1:1 0001 = 1:2 0010 = 1:4 0011 = 1:8 0100 = 1:16 0101 = 1:32 0110 = 1:64 0111 = 1:128 1000 = 1:256 1001 = 1:512 1010 = 1:1024 1011 = 1:2048 1100 = 1:4096 1101 = 1:8192 1110 = 1:16384 1111 = 1:32768 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 279 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 TABLE 25-1: SUMMARY OF REGISTERS ASSOCIATED WITH TIMER0 Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Register on Page TRISA ― ― TRISA5 TRISA4 ―(2) TRISA2 TRISA1 TRISA0 141 ANSELA ― ― ANSA5 ANSA4 ― ANSA2 ANSA1 ANSA0 142 TRISB(1) TRISB7 TRISB6 TRISB5 TRISB4 ― ― ― ― 147 ANSB7 ANSB6 ― ― 148 Name ANSELB(1) ANSB5 ANSB4 ― ― TRISC TRISC7(1) TRISC6(1) TRISC5 TRISC4 TRISC3 TRISC2 TRISC1 TRISC0 154 ANSELC ANSC7(1) ANSC4 ANSC3 ANSC2 ANSC1 155 (1) ANSC6 ANSC5 ANSC0 TMR0L TMR0L<7:0> 277 TMR0H TMR0H<7:0> or TMR0<15:8> 277 T0CON0 T0EN T0CON1 ― T0OUT T0CS<2:0> T016BIT T0OUTPS<3:0> T0ASYNC 278 T0CKPS<3:0> 279 T0CKIPPS ― ― ― T0CKIPPS<4:0> 160 TMR0PPS ― ― ― TMR0PPS<4:0> 160 ADACT ― ― ― ADACT<4:0> 244 CLCxSELy ― ― T1GCON TMR1GE T1GPOL T1GTM T1GSPM T1GSS<1:0> 291 INTCON GIE PEIE ― ― ― ― ― INTEDG 98 PIR0 ― ― TMR0IF IOCIF ― ― ― INTF 104 PIE0 ― ― TMR0IE IOCIE ― ― ― INTE 99 LCxDyS<5:0> 227 T1GGO/DONE T1GVAL Legend: — = Unimplemented location, read as ‘0’. Shaded cells are not used by the Timer0 module. Note 1: PIC16(L)F18345 only. 2: Unimplemented, read as ‘1’. DS40001795B-page 280 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 26.0 TIMER1/3/5 MODULE WITH GATE CONTROL Timer1/3/5 modules are 16-bit timers/counters, each with the following features: • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 16-bit timer/counter register pair (TMR1H:TMR1L) Programmable internal or external clock source 2-bit prescaler Optionally synchronized comparator out Multiple Timer1 gate (count enable) sources Interrupt on overflow Wake-up on overflow (external clock, Asynchronous mode only) Time base for the Capture/Compare function Auto-Conversion Trigger (with CCP) Selectable Gate Source Polarity Gate Toggle mode Gate Single-Pulse mode Gate Value Status Gate Event Interrupt Figure 26-1 is a block diagram of the Timer1 module. Note 1: In devices with more than one Timer module, it is very important to pay close attention to the register names used. A number placed after the module acronym is used to distinguish between separate modules. For example, the T1CON and T3CON control the same operational aspects of two completely different Timer modules. 2: Throughout this section, generic references to Timer1 module in any of its operating modes may be interpreted as being equally applicable to Timerx module. Register names, module signals, I/O pins and bit names may use the generic designator ‘x’ to indicate the use of a numeral to distinguish a particular module, when required. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 281 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 FIGURE 26-1: TIMER1 BLOCK DIAGRAM T1GSS<1:0> T1G 00 T0_overflow 01 C1OUT_sync 10 T1GSPM 0 11 C2OUT_sync 1 D 1 Single Pulse Acq. Control D 0 Q T1GVAL Q1 Q T1GGO/DONE T1GPOL CK Q Interrupt TMR1ON R set bit TMR1GIF det T1GTM TMR1GE set flag bit TMR1IF T1_overflow TMR1ON TMR1 TMR1H EN (2) TMR1L Q Synchronized Clock Input 0 D 1 T1CLK T1SYNC TMR1CS<1:0> T1SOSC LFINTOSC SOSC_clk (1) T1CKI 1 0 11 10 Fosc Internal Clock 01 00 Fosc/4 Internal Clock Note 1: ST Buffer is high speed type when using T1CKI. 2: Timer1 register increments on rising edge. 3: Synchronize does not operate while in Sleep Prescaler 1,2,4,8 Synchronize(3) det 2 T1CKPS<1:0> Fosc/2 Internal Clock Sleep Input Note 1: ST Buffer is high speed type when using T1CKI. 2: Timer1 register increments on rising edge. 3: Synchronize does not operate while in Sleep. DS40001795B-page 282 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 26.1 Timer1 Operation 26.2 The Timer1 module is a 16-bit incrementing counter which is accessed through the TMR1H:TMR1L register pair. Writes to TMR1H or TMR1L directly update the counter. When used with an internal clock source, the module is a timer and increments on every instruction cycle. When used with an external clock source, the module can be used as either a timer or counter and increments on every selected edge of the external source. Timer1 is enabled by configuring the TMR1ON and TMR1GE bits in the T1CON and T1GCON registers, respectively. Table 26-1 displays the Timer1 enable selections. TABLE 26-1: TIMER1 ENABLE SELECTIONS Clock Source Selection The TMR1CS<1:0> and T1SOSC bits of the T1CON register are used to select the clock source for Timer1. Table 26-2 displays the clock source selections. 26.2.1 INTERNAL CLOCK SOURCE When the internal clock source is selected, the TMR1H:TMR1L register pair will increment on multiples of FOSC as determined by the Timer1 prescaler. When the FOSC internal clock source is selected, the Timer1 register value will increment by four counts every instruction clock cycle. Due to this condition, a 2 LSB error in resolution will occur when reading the Timer1 value. To utilize the full resolution of Timer1, an asynchronous input signal must be used to gate the Timer1 clock input. The following asynchronous sources may be used: • Asynchronous event on the T1G pin to Timer1 gate • C1 or C2 comparator input to Timer1 gate Timer1 Operation TMR1ON TMR1GE 0 0 Off 0 1 Off 26.2.2 1 0 Always On 1 1 Count Enabled When the external clock source is selected, the Timer1 module may work as a timer or a counter. EXTERNAL CLOCK SOURCE When enabled to count, Timer1 is incremented on the rising edge of the external clock input, T1CKI, which can be either synchronized to the microcontroller system clock or run asynchronously. When used as a timer with a clock oscillator, an external 32.768 kHz crystal can be connected to the SOSCI/SOSCO pins. Note: In Counter mode, a falling edge must be registered by the counter prior to the first incrementing rising edge after any one or more of the following conditions: • • • • TABLE 26-2: Timer1 enabled after POR Write to TMR1H or TMR1L Timer1 is disabled Timer1 is disabled (TMR1ON = 0) when T1CKI is high then Timer1 is enabled (TMR1ON=1) when T1CKI is low. CLOCK SOURCE SELECTIONS TMR1CS<1:0> Clock Source 11 LFINTOSC 10 External Clocking on T1CKI Pin 01 System Clock (FOSC) 00 Instruction Clock (FOSC/4) 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 283 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 26.3 26.5.1 Timer1 Prescaler Timer1 has four prescaler options allowing 1, 2, 4 or 8 divisions of the clock input. The T1CKPS bits of the T1CON register control the prescale counter. The prescale counter is not directly readable or writable; however, the prescaler counter is cleared upon a write to TMR1H or TMR1L. 26.4 Timer1 (Secondary) Oscillator A dedicated low-power 32.768 kHz oscillator circuit is built-in between pins SOSCI (input) and SOSCO (amplifier output). This internal circuit is designed to be used in conjunction with an external 32.768 kHz crystal. The oscillator circuit is enabled by setting the T1SOSC bit of the T1CON register. The oscillator will continue to run during Sleep. Note: 26.5 The oscillator requires a start-up and stabilization time before use. Thus, T1SOSC should be set and a suitable delay observed prior to using Timer1. A suitable delay similar to the OST delay can be implemented in software by clearing the TMR1IF bit then presetting the TMR1H:TMR1L register pair to FC00h. The TMR1IF flag will be set when 1024 clock cycles have elapsed, thereby indicating that the oscillator is running and reasonably stable. Timer1 Operation in Asynchronous Counter Mode If the control bit T1SYNC of the T1CON register is set, the external clock input is not synchronized. The timer increments asynchronously to the internal phase clocks. If the external clock source is selected then the timer will continue to run during Sleep and can generate an interrupt on overflow, which will wake-up the processor. However, special precautions in software are needed to read/write the timer (see Section 26.5.1 “Reading and Writing Timer1 in Asynchronous Counter Mode”). Note: READING AND WRITING TIMER1 IN ASYNCHRONOUS COUNTER MODE Reading TMR1H or TMR1L while the timer is running from an external asynchronous clock will ensure a valid read (taken care of in hardware). However, the user should keep in mind that reading the 16-bit timer in two 8-bit values itself, poses certain problems, since the timer may overflow between the reads. For writes, it is recommended that the user simply stop the timer and write the desired values. A write contention may occur by writing to the timer registers, while the register is incrementing. This may produce an unpredictable value in the TMR1H:TMR1L register pair. 26.6 Timer1 Gate Timer1 can be configured to count freely or the count can be enabled and disabled using Timer1 gate circuitry. This is also referred to as Timer1 Gate Enable. Timer1 gate can also be driven by multiple selectable sources. 26.6.1 TIMER1 GATE ENABLE The Timer1 Gate Enable mode is enabled by setting the TMR1GE bit of the T1GCON register. The polarity of the Timer1 Gate Enable mode is configured using the T1GPOL bit of the T1GCON register. When Timer1 Gate Enable mode is enabled, Timer1 will increment on the rising edge of the Timer1 clock source. When Timer1 Gate Enable mode is disabled, no incrementing will occur and Timer1 will hold the current count. See Figure 26-3 for timing details. TABLE 26-3: TIMER1 GATE ENABLE SELECTIONS T1CLK T1GPOL T1G Timer1 Operation 0 0 Counts 0 1 Holds Count 1 0 Holds Count 1 1 Counts When switching from synchronous to asynchronous operation, it is possible to skip an increment. When switching from asynchronous to synchronous operation, it is possible to produce an additional increment. DS40001795B-page 284 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 26.6.2 TIMER1 GATE SOURCE SELECTION Timer1 gate source selections are shown in Table 26-4. Source selection is controlled by the T1GSS bits of the T1GCON register. The polarity for each available source is also selectable. Polarity selection is controlled by the T1GPOL bit of the T1GCON register. TABLE 26-4: T1GSS TIMER1 GATE SOURCES Timer1 Gate Pin 01 Overflow of Timer0 (TMR0 increments from FFh to 00h) 10 Comparator 1 Output (optionally Timer1 synchronized output) 11 Comparator 2 Output (optionally Timer1 synchronized output) 26.6.4 T1G Pin Gate Operation The T1G pin is one source for Timer1 gate control. It can be used to supply an external source to the Timer1 gate circuitry. 26.6.2.2 Timer0 Overflow Gate Operation When Timer0 increments from FFh to 00h, a low-to-high pulse will automatically be generated and internally supplied to the Timer1 gate circuitry. 26.6.2.3 Note: Timer1 Gate Source 00 26.6.2.1 Timer1 Gate Toggle mode is enabled by setting the T1GTM bit of the T1GCON register. When the T1GTM bit is cleared, the flip-flop is cleared and held clear. This is necessary in order to control which edge is measured. Comparator C1 Gate Operation TIMER1 GATE SINGLE-PULSE MODE When Timer1 Gate Single-Pulse mode is enabled, it is possible to capture a single-pulse gate event. Timer1 Gate Single-Pulse mode is first enabled by setting the T1GSPM bit in the T1GCON register. Next, the T1GGO/DONE bit in the T1GCON register must be set. The Timer1 will be fully enabled on the next incrementing edge. On the next trailing edge of the pulse, the T1GGO/DONE bit will automatically be cleared. No other gate events will be allowed to increment Timer1 until the T1GGO/DONE bit is once again set in software. See Figure 26-5 for timing details. If the Single-Pulse Gate mode is disabled by clearing the T1GSPM bit in the T1GCON register, the T1GGO/DONE bit should also be cleared. Enabling the Toggle mode and the Single-Pulse mode simultaneously will permit both sections to work together. This allows the cycle times on the Timer1 gate source to be measured. See Figure 26-6 for timing details. The output resulting from a Comparator 1 operation can be selected as a source for Timer1 gate control. The Comparator 1 output can be synchronized to the Timer1 clock or left asynchronous. For more information see Section 17.4.1 “Comparator Output Synchronization”. 26.6.5 26.6.2.4 26.6.6 Comparator C2 Gate Operation Enabling Toggle mode at the same time as changing the gate polarity may result in indeterminate operation. TIMER1 GATE VALUE STATUS When Timer1 Gate Value Status is utilized, it is possible to read the most current level of the gate control value. The value is stored in the T1GVAL bit in the T1GCON register. The T1GVAL bit is valid even when the Timer1 gate is not enabled (TMR1GE bit is cleared). TIMER1 GATE EVENT INTERRUPT The output resulting from a Comparator 2 operation can be selected as a source for Timer1 gate control. The Comparator 2 output can be synchronized to the Timer1 clock or left asynchronous. For more information see Section 17.4.1 “Comparator Output Synchronization”. When Timer1 Gate Event Interrupt is enabled, it is possible to generate an interrupt upon the completion of a gate event. When the falling edge of T1GVAL occurs, the TMR1GIF flag bit in the PIR1 register will be set. If the TMR1GIE bit in the PIE1 register is set, then an interrupt will be recognized. 26.6.3 The TMR1GIF flag bit operates even when the Timer1 gate is not enabled (TMR1GE bit is cleared). TIMER1 GATE TOGGLE MODE When Timer1 Gate Toggle mode is enabled, it is possible to measure the full-cycle length of a Timer1 gate signal, as opposed to the duration of a single level pulse. The Timer1 gate source is routed through a flip-flop that changes state on every incrementing edge of the signal. See Figure 26-4 for timing details. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 285 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 26.7 Timer1 Interrupt 26.9 The Timer1 register pair (TMR1H:TMR1L) increments to FFFFh and rolls over to 0000h. When Timer1 rolls over, the Timer1 interrupt flag bit of the PIR1 register is set. To enable the interrupt on rollover, you must set these bits: • • • • TMR1ON bit of the T1CON register TMR1IE bit of the PIE1 register PEIE bit of the INTCON register GIE bit of the INTCON register The interrupt is cleared by clearing the TMR1IF bit in the Interrupt Service Routine. The TMR1H:TMR1L register pair and the TMR1IF bit should be cleared before enabling interrupts. Note: 26.8 Timer1 Operation During Sleep Timer1 can only operate during Sleep when setup in Asynchronous Counter mode. In this mode, an external crystal or clock source can be used to increment the counter. To set up the timer to wake the device: • • • • • TMR1ON bit of the T1CON register must be set TMR1IE bit of the PIE1 register must be set PEIE bit of the INTCON register must be set T1SYNC bit of the T1CON register must be set TMR1CS bits of the T1CON register must be configured • T1SOSC bit of the T1CON register must be configured CCP Capture/Compare Time Base The CCP modules use the TMR1H:TMR1L register pair as the time base when operating in Capture or Compare mode. In Capture mode, the value in the TMR1H:TMR1L register pair is copied into the CCPR1H:CCPR1L register pair on a configured event. In Compare mode, an event is triggered when the value CCPR1H:CCPR1L register pair matches the value in the TMR1H:TMR1L register pair. This event can be an Auto-conversion Trigger. For more information, see “Capture/Compare/PWM Modules”. Section 28.0 26.10 CCP Auto-Conversion Trigger When any of the CCP’s are configured to trigger an auto-conversion, the trigger will clear the TMR1H:TMR1L register pair. This auto-conversion does not cause a Timer1 interrupt. The CCP module may still be configured to generate a CCP interrupt. In this mode of operation, the CCPR1H:CCPR1L register pair becomes the period register for Timer1. Timer1 should be synchronized and FOSC/4 should be selected as the clock source in order to utilize the Auto-conversion Trigger. Asynchronous operation of Timer1 can cause an Auto-conversion Trigger to be missed. In the event that a write to TMR1H or TMR1L coincides with an Auto-conversion Trigger from the CCP, the write will take precedence. The device will wake-up on an overflow and execute the next instructions. If the GIE bit of the INTCON register is set, the device will call the Interrupt Service Routine. For more information, see Section 28.3.3 “Auto-Conversion Trigger”. Secondary oscillator will continue to operate in Sleep regardless of the T1SYNC bit setting. FIGURE 26-2: TIMER1 INCREMENTING EDGE T1CKI = 1 when TMR1 Enabled T1CKI = 0 when TMR1 Enabled Note 1: 2: Arrows indicate counter increments. In Counter mode, a falling edge must be registered by the counter prior to the first incrementing rising edge of the clock. DS40001795B-page 286 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 FIGURE 26-3: TIMER1 GATE ENABLE MODE TMR1GE T1GPOL t1g_in T1CKI T1GVAL Timer1 N FIGURE 26-4: N+1 N+2 N+3 N+4 TIMER1 GATE TOGGLE MODE TMR1GE T1GPOL T1GTM t1g_in T1CKI T1GVAL Timer1 N 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. N+1 N+2 N+3 N+4 Preliminary N+5 N+6 N+7 N+8 DS40001795B-page 287 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 FIGURE 26-5: TIMER1 GATE SINGLE-PULSE MODE TMR1GE T1GPOL T1GSPM T1GGO/ Cleared by hardware on falling edge of T1GVAL Set by software DONE Counting enabled on rising edge of T1G t1g_in T1CKI T1GVAL Timer1 TMR1GIF DS40001795B-page 288 N N+1 N+2 Set by hardware on falling edge of T1GVAL Cleared by software Preliminary Cleared by software 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 FIGURE 26-6: TIMER1 GATE SINGLE-PULSE AND TOGGLE COMBINED MODE TMR1GE T1GPOL T1GSPM T1GTM T1GGO/ Cleared by hardware on falling edge of T1GVAL Set by software DONE Counting enabled on rising edge of T1G t1g_in T1CKI T1GVAL Timer1 TMR1GIF N Cleared by software 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. N+1 N+2 N+3 N+4 Set by hardware on falling edge of T1GVAL Preliminary Cleared by software DS40001795B-page 289 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 26.11 Register Definitions: Timer1/3/5 Control REGISTER 26-1: R/W-0/u TxCON(1): TIMERx CONTROL REGISTER R/W-0/u TMRxCS<1:0> R/W-0/u R/W-0/u TxCKPS<1:0> R/W-0/u R/W-0/u U-0 R/W-0/u TxSOSC TxSYNC — TMRxON bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-6 TMRxCS<1:0>: Timerx Clock Source Select bits 11 = Timerx clock Source is LFINTOSC 10 = Timerx clock source is pin or oscillator: If TxSOSC = 0: External clock from TxCKIPPS pin (on the rising edge) If TxSOSC = 1: Clock from SOSC, either crystal oscillator on TxSOSCI/TxSOSCO pins, or SOSCIN input 01 = Timerx clock source is system clock (FOSC) 00 = Timerx clock source is instruction clock (FOSC/4) bit 5-4 TxCKPS<1:0>: Timerx Input Clock Prescale Select bits 11 = 1:8 Prescale value 10 = 1:4 Prescale value 01 = 1:2 Prescale value 00 = 1:1 Prescale value bit 3 TxSOSC: LP Oscillator Enable Control bit 1 = SOSC requested as the clock source 0 = TxCKI enabled as the clock source bit 2 TxSYNC: Timer1 Synchronization Control bit TMRxCS<1:0> = 1x 1 = Do not synchronize external clock input 0 = Synchronize external clock input with system clock TMRxCS<1:0> = 0x This bit is ignored. Timer1 uses the internal clock and no additional synchronization is performed. bit 1 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 0 TMRxON: Timer1 On bit 1 = Enables Timerx 0 = Stops Timerx and clears Timerx gate flip-flop Note 1: ‘x’ refers to either ‘1’, ‘3’ or ‘5’ for the respective Timer1/3/5 registers. DS40001795B-page 290 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 26-2: TxGCON(1): TIMERx GATE CONTROL REGISTER R/W-0/u R/W-0/u R/W-0/u R/W-0/u R/W/HC-0/u R-x/x TMRxGE TxGPOL TxGTM TxGSPM TxGGO/DONE TxGVAL R/W-0/u R/W-0/u TxGSS<1:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared HC = Bit is cleared by hardware bit 7 TMRxGE: Timer1 Gate Enable bit If TMRxON = 0: This bit is ignored If TMRxON = 1: 1 = Timerx counting is controlled by the Timer1 gate function 0 = Timerx is always counting bit 6 TxGPOL: Timerx Gate Polarity bit 1 = Timerx gate is active-high (Timerx counts when gate is high) 0 = Timerx gate is active-low (Timerx counts when gate is low) bit 5 TxGTM: Timerx Gate Toggle Mode bit 1 = Timerx Gate Toggle mode is enabled 0 = Timerx Gate Toggle mode is disabled and toggle flip-flop is cleared Timerx gate flip-flop toggles on every rising edge. bit 4 TxGSPM: Timerx Gate Single-Pulse Mode bit 1 = Timerx Gate Single-Pulse mode is enabled and is controlling Timerx gate 0 = Timerx Gate Single-Pulse mode is disabled bit 3 TxGGO/DONE: Timerx Gate Single-Pulse Acquisition Status bit 1 = Timerx gate single-pulse acquisition is ready, waiting for an edge 0 = Timerx gate single-pulse acquisition has completed or has not been started This bit is automatically cleared when TxGSPM is cleared bit 2 TxGVAL: Timerx Gate Value Status bit Indicates the current state of the Timerx gate that could be provided to TMRxH:TMRxL Unaffected by Timerx Gate Enable (TMRxGE) bit 1-0 TxGSS<1:0>: Timerx Gate Source Select bits 11 = Comparator 2 optionally synchronized output 10 = Comparator 1 optionally synchronized output 01 = Timer0 overflow output 00 = Timerx gate pin Note 1: ‘x’ refers to either ‘1’, ‘3’ or ‘5’ for the respective Timer1/3/5 registers. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 291 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 26-3: R/W-x/u TMRxL(1): TIMERx LOW BYTE REGISTER R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u TMRxL<7:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-0 Note 1: TMRxL<7:0>: TMRx Low Byte bits ‘x’ refers to either ‘1’, ‘3’ or ‘5’ for the respective Timer1/3/5 registers. REGISTER 26-4: R/W-x/u TMRxH(1): TIMERx HIGH BYTE REGISTER R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u TMRxH<7:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-0 Note 1: TMRxH<7:0>: TMRx High Byte bits ‘x’ refers to either ‘1’, ‘3’ or ‘5’ for the respective Timer1/3/5 registers. DS40001795B-page 292 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 TABLE 26-5: SUMMARY OF REGISTERS ASSOCIATED WITH TIMER1 Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Register on Page TRISA ― ― TRISA5 TRISA4 ―(2) TRISA2 TRISA1 TRISA0 141 ANSELA ― ― ANSA5 ANSA4 ― ANSA2 ANSA1 ANSA0 142 TRISB7 TRISB6 TRISB5 TRISB4 ― ― ― ― 147 ANSB7 ANSB6 ANSB5 ANSB4 ― ― ― ― 148 (1) TRISC6(1) TRISC5 TRISC4 TRISC3 TRISC2 TRISC1 TRISC0 154 (1) (1) Name TRISB (1) ANSELB(1) TRISC TRISC7 ANSC5 ANSC4 ANSC3 ANSC2 ANSC1 ANSC0 155 GIE PEIE ― ― ― ― ― INTEDG 98 PIR1 TMR1GIF ADIF RCIF TXIF SSP1IF BCL1IF TMR2IF TMR1IF 105 PIE1 TMR1GIE ADIE RCIE TXIE SSP1IE BCL1IE TMR2IE TMR1IE 100 PIR3 OSFIF CSWIF TMR3GIF TMR3IF CLC4IF CLC3IF CLC2IF CLC1IF 107 ANSELC INTCON ANSC7 ANSC6 PIE3 OSFIE CSWIE TMR3GIE TMR3IE CLC4IE CLC3IE CLC2IE CLC1IE 102 PIR4 CWG2IF CWG1IF TMR5GIF TMR5IF CCP4IF CCP3IF CCP2IF CCP1IF 108 PIE4 CWG2IE CWG1IE TMR5GIE TMR5IE CCP4IE CCP3IE CCP2IE CCP1IE 103 T1SOSC T1SYNC ― TMR1ON 290 T1GGO/DONE T1GVAL T1GSS<1:0> T1CON T1GCON TMR1CS<1:0> TMR1GE T1GPOL T1CKPS<1:0> T1GTM T1GSPM TMR1L TMR1L<7:0> TMR1H 291 292 TMR1H<7:0> 292 T1CKIPPS ― ― ― T1CKIPPS<4:0> 160 T1GPPS ― ― ― T1GPPS<4:0> 160 T3CON TMR3CS<1:0> T3GCON TMR3GE T3GPOL T3CKPS<1:0> T3GTM T3GSPM T3SOSC T3SYNC ― TMR3ON T3GGO/DONE T3GVAL T3GSS<1:0> 290 291 TMR3L TMR3L<7:0> 292 TMR3H TMR3H<7:0> 292 T3CKIPPS ― ― ― T3CKIPPS<4:0> 160 T3GPPS ― ― ― T3GPPS<4:0> 160 T5CON TMR5CS<1:0> T5GCON TMR5GE T5GPOL T5CKPS<1:0> T5GTM T5GSPM TMR5L T5SOSC T5SYNC ― TMR5ON T5GGO/DONE T5GVAL T5GSS<1:0> TMR5L<7:0> TMR5H 290 291 292 TMR5H<7:0> 292 T5CKIPPS ― ― ― T5CKIPPS<4:0> 160 T5GPPS ― ― ― T5GPPS<4:0> 160 T0CON0 T0EN ― T0OUT T016BIT CMxCON0 CxON CxOUT ― CxPOL CCPTMRS C4TSEL<1:0> CCPxCON CCPxEN ― CLCxSELy ― ― ― ― ADACT Legend: Note 1: 2: C3TSEL<1:0> T0OUTPS<3:0> ― CxSP C2TSEL<1:0> CCPxOUT CCPxFMT 278 CxHYS CxSYNC C1TSEL<1:0> CCPxMODE<3:0> 310 307 LCxDyS<5:0> ― 188 227 ADACT<4:0> 244 — = unimplemented location, read as ‘0’. Shaded cells are not used by the Timer1 module. PIC16(L)F18345 only. Unimplemented, read as ‘1’. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 293 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 27.0 TIMER2/4/6 MODULE Note 1: In devices with more than one Timer module, it is very important to pay close attention to the register names used. A number placed after the module acronym is used to distinguish between separate modules. For example, the T2CON and T4CON control the same operational aspects of two completely different Timer modules. Timer2/4/6 modules are 8-bit timers that incorporate the following features: • 8-bit Timer and Period registers (TMR2/4/6 and PR2/4/6, respectively) • Readable and writable (both registers) • Software programmable prescaler (1:1, 1:4, 1:16, and 1:64) • Software programmable postscaler (1:1 to 1:16) • Interrupt on TMR2/4/6 match with PR2/4/6 • Optional use as the shift clock for the MSSPx module 2: Throughout this section, generic references to Timer2 module in any of its operating modes may be interpreted as being equally applicable to Timerx module. Register names, module signals, I/O pins and bit names may use the generic designator ‘x’ to indicate the use of a numeral to distinguish a particular module, when required. See Figure 27-1 for a block diagram of Timer2/4/6. FIGURE 27-1: TIMER2/4/6 BLOCK DIAGRAM T[_match Fosc/4 Prescaler 1:1, 1:4, 1:16, 1:64 TMR2 R To Peripherals 2 T[CKPS<1:0> Comparator Postscaler 1:1 to 1:16 set bit TMR[IF 4 PR2 DS40001795B-page 294 Preliminary T[OUTPS<3:0> 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 27.1 Timer2 Operation 27.3 The clock input to the Timer2 modules is the system instruction clock (FOSC/4). A 4-bit counter/prescaler on the clock input allows direct input, divide-by-4 and divide-by-16 prescale options. These options are selected by the prescaler control bits, T2CKPS<1:0> of the T2CON register. The value of TMR2 is compared to that of the Period register, PR2, on each clock cycle. When the two values match, the comparator generates a match signal as the timer output. This signal also resets the value of TMR2 to 00h on the next cycle and drives the output counter/postscaler (see Section 27.2 “Timer2 Interrupt”). The TMR2 and PR2 registers are both directly readable and writable. The TMR2 register is cleared on any device Reset, whereas the PR2 register initializes to FFh. Both the prescaler and postscaler counters are cleared on the following events: • • • • • • • • • Timer2 Output The unscaled output of TMR2 is available primarily to the CCP modules, where it is used as a time base for operations in PWM mode. Timer2 can be optionally used as the shift clock source for the MSSPx module operating in SPI mode. Additional information is provided in Section 29.0 “Master Synchronous Serial Port (MSSPx) Module” 27.4 Timer2 Operation During Sleep The Timer2 timers cannot be operated while the processor is in Sleep mode. The contents of the TMR2 and PR2 registers will remain unchanged while the processor is in Sleep mode. A write to the TMR2 register A write to the T2CON register Power-on Reset (POR) Brown-out Reset (BOR) MCLR Reset Watchdog Timer (WDT) Reset Stack Overflow Reset Stack Underflow Reset RESET Instruction Note: 27.2 TMR2 is not cleared when T2CON is written. Timer2 Interrupt Timer2 can also generate an optional device interrupt. The Timer2 output signal (TMR2-to-PR2 match) provides the input for the 4-bit counter/postscaler. This counter generates the TMR2 match interrupt flag which is latched in TMR2IF of the PIR1 register. The interrupt is enabled by setting the TMR2 Match Interrupt Enable bit, TMR2IE, of the PIE1 register. A range of 16 postscale options (from 1:1 through 1:16 inclusive) can be selected with the postscaler control bits, T2OUTPS<3:0>, of the T2CON register. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 295 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 27.5 Register Definitions: Timer2/4/6 Control REGISTER 27-1: U-0 TxCON(1): TIMERx CONTROL REGISTER R/W-0/0 — R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 TxOUTPS<3:0> R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 TMRxON R/W-0/0 TxCKPS<1:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 6-3 TxOUTPS<3:0>: Timerx Output Postscaler Select bits 1111 = 1:16 Postscaler 1110 = 1:15 Postscaler 1101 = 1:14 Postscaler 1100 = 1:13 Postscaler 1011 = 1:12 Postscaler 1010 = 1:11 Postscaler 1001 = 1:10 Postscaler 1000 = 1:9 Postscaler 0111 = 1:8 Postscaler 0110 = 1:7 Postscaler 0101 = 1:6 Postscaler 0100 = 1:5 Postscaler 0011 = 1:4 Postscaler 0010 = 1:3 Postscaler 0001 = 1:2 Postscaler 0000 = 1:1 Postscaler bit 2 TMRxON: Timer2 On bit 1 = Timerx is on 0 = Timerx is off bit 1-0 TxCKPS<1:0>: Timerx Clock Prescale Select bits 11 = Prescaler is 64 10 = Prescaler is 16 01 = Prescaler is 4 00 = Prescaler is 1 Note 1: ‘x’ refers to either ‘2,’ 4’ or ‘6’ for the respective Timer2/4/6 registers. DS40001795B-page 296 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 27-2: R/W-0/0 TMRx(1): TIMERx COUNT REGISTER R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 TMRx<7:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-0 Note 1: TMRx<7:0>: TMRx Counter bits 7..0 ‘x’ refers to either ‘2,’ 4’ or ‘6’ for the respective Timer2/4/6 registers. REGISTER 27-3: R/W-1/1 PRx: TIMERx PERIOD REGISTER(1) R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 PRx<7:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-0 Note 1: PRx<7:0>: TMRx Counter bits 7..0 When TMRx = PRx, the next clock will reset the counter; counter period is (PRx+1) ‘x’ refers to either ‘2,’ 4’ or ‘6’ for the respective Timer2/4/6 registers. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 297 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 TABLE 27-1: SUMMARY OF REGISTERS ASSOCIATED WITH TIMER2/4/6 Name Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Register on Page INTCON GIE PEIE ― ― ― ― ― INTEDG 98 PIR1 TMR1GIF ADIF RCIF TXIF SSP1IF BCL1IF TMR2IF TMR1IF 105 PIE1 TMR1GIE ADIE RCIE TXIE SSP1IE BCL1IE TMR2IE TMR1IE 100 PIR2 TMR6IF C2IF C1IF NVMIF SSP2IF BCL2IF TMR4IF NCO1IF 106 PIE2 TMR6IE C2IE C1IE NVMIE SSP2IE BCL2IE TMR4IE NCO1IE 101 T2CON ― T2OUTPS<3:0> TMR2 PR2 T4CON ― T2CKPS<1:0> 297 297 TMR4ON T4CKPS<1:0> TMR4<7:0> PR4 297 T6OUTPS<3:0> TMR6 PR6 ADACT ― ― ― PWMTMRS ― ― ― CLCxSELy ― ― 296 297 PR4<7:0> ― 296 PR2<7:0> T4OUTPS<3:0> TMR4 T6CON TMR2ON TMR2<7:0> TMR6ON T6CKPS<1:0> 296 TMR6<7:0> 297 PR6<7:0> 297 ADACT<4:0> ― P6TSEL<1:0> 244 P5TSEL<1:0> LCxDyS<5:0> 195 227 Legend: — = unimplemented location, read as ‘0’. Shaded cells are not used for Timer2/4/6 module. DS40001795B-page 298 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 28.0 CAPTURE/COMPARE/PWM MODULES 28.2 The Capture/Compare/PWM module is a peripheral that allows the user to time and control different events and to generate Pulse-Width Modulation (PWM) signals. In Capture mode, the peripheral allows the timing of the duration of an event. The Compare mode allows the user to trigger an external event when a predetermined amount of time has expired. The PWM mode can generate Pulse-Width Modulated signals of varying frequency and duty cycle. This family of devices contains four standard Capture/Compare/PWM modules (CCP1, CCP2, CCP3 and CCP4). The Capture and Compare functions are identical for all CCP modules. 28.1 CCP/PWM Clock Selection The PIC16(L)F18325/18345 devices allow each individual CCP and PWM module to select the timer source that controls the module. Each module has an independent selection. As there are up to three 8-bit timers with auto-reload (Timer2, Timer4, and Timer6), PWM mode on the CCP and PWM modules can use any of these timers. The CCPTMRS register is used to select which timer is used. Note 1: In devices with more than one CCP module, it is very important to pay close attention to the register names used. A number placed after the module acronym is used to distinguish between separate modules. For example, the CCP1CON and CCP2CON control the same operational aspects of two completely different CCP modules. 2: Throughout this section, generic references to a CCP module in any of its operating modes may be interpreted as being equally applicable to CCPx module. Register names, module signals, I/O pins, and bit names may use the generic designator ‘x’ to indicate the use of a numeral to distinguish a particular module, when required. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Capture Mode The Capture mode function described in this section is available and identical for all CCP modules. Capture mode makes use of either the 16-bit Timer0 or Timer1 resource. When an event occurs on the capture source, the 16-bit CCPRxH:CCPRxL register pair captures and stores the 16-bit value of the TMR0H:TMR0L or TMR1H:TMR1L register pair, respectively. An event is defined as one of the following and is configured by the CCPxMODE<3:0> bits of the CCPxCON register: • • • • Every falling edge Every rising edge Every 4th rising edge Every 16th rising edge When a capture is made, the Interrupt Request Flag bit CCPxIF of the PIR4 register is set. The interrupt flag must be cleared in software. If another capture occurs before the value in the CCPRxH, CCPRxL register pair is read, the old captured value is overwritten by the new captured value. Figure 28-1 shows a simplified diagram of the capture operation. 28.2.1 CAPTURE SOURCES In Capture mode, the CCPx pin should be configured as an input by setting the associated TRIS control bit. Note: If the CCPx pin is configured as an output, a write to the port can cause a Capture condition. The capture source is selected by configuring the CCPxCTS<3:0> bits of the CCPxCAP register. The following sources can be selected: • • • • • • • • • CCPxPPS input C1_output C2_output NCO_output IOC_interrupt LC1_output LC2_output LC3_output LC4_output Preliminary DS40001795B-page 299 CAPTURE MODE OPERATION BLOCK DIAGRAM Rev. 10-000158C 5/2/2014 CCPxCTS<3:0> Reserved RxyPPS 10011111 LC4_output 1000 LC3_output 0111 LC2_output 0110 Preliminary LC1_output 0101 IOC_interrupt 0100 NCO 0011 C2OUT_sync 0010 C1OUT_sync 0001 CCPx 0000 CCPx TRIS Control CCPRxH CCPRxL 16 Prescaler 1,4,16 set CCPxIF and Edge Detect 16 MODE <3:0> TMR1H TMR1L PIC16(L)F18325/18345 DS40001795B-page 300 FIGURE 28-1: 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 28.2.2 TIMER1/3/5 MODE RESOURCE 28.2.5 Timer1/3/5 must be running in Timer mode or Synchronized Counter mode for the CCP module to use the capture feature. In Asynchronous Counter mode, the capture operation may not work. See Section 26.0 “Timer1/3/5 Module with Gate Control” for more information on configuring Timer1/3/5. 28.2.3 SOFTWARE INTERRUPT MODE When the Capture mode is changed, a false capture interrupt may be generated. The user should keep the CCPxIE interrupt enable bit of the PIE4 register clear to avoid false interrupts. Additionally, the user should clear the CCPxIF interrupt flag bit of the PIR4 register following any change in Operating mode. Note: 28.2.4 CAPTURE DURING SLEEP Capture mode depends upon the Timer1/3/5 module for proper operation. There are two options for driving the Timer1/3/5 module in Capture mode. It can be driven by the instruction clock (FOSC/4), or by an external clock source. When Timer1/3/5 is clocked by FOSC/4, Timer1/3/5 will not increment during Sleep. When the device wakes from Sleep, Timer1/3/5 will continue from its previous state. Capture mode will operate during Sleep when Timer1/3/5 is clocked by an external clock source. Clocking Timer1/3/5 from the system clock (FOSC) should not be used in Capture mode. In order for Capture mode to recognize the trigger event on the CCPx pin, Timer1/3/5 must be clocked from the instruction clock (FOSC/4) or from an external clock source. CCP PRESCALER There are four prescaler settings specified by the CCPxMODE<3:0> bits of the CCPxCON register. Whenever the CCP module is turned off, or the CCP module is not in Capture mode, the prescaler counter is cleared. Any Reset will clear the prescaler counter. Switching from one capture prescaler to another does not clear the prescaler and may generate a false interrupt. To avoid this unexpected operation, turn the module off by clearing the CCPxCON register before changing the prescaler. Example 28-1 demonstrates the code to perform this function. EXAMPLE 28-1: CHANGING BETWEEN CAPTURE PRESCALERS BANKSEL CCPxCON CLRF MOVLW MOVWF ;Set Bank bits to point ;to CCPxCON CCPxCON ;Turn CCP module off NEW_CAPT_PS ;Load the W reg with ;the new prescaler ;move value and CCP ON CCPxCON ;Load CCPxCON with this ;value 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 301 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 28.3 28.3.2 Compare Mode The Compare mode function described in this section is available and identical for all CCP modules. Compare mode makes use of the 16-bit Timer1/3/5 resource. The 16-bit value of the CCPRxH:CCPRxL register pair is constantly compared against the 16-bit value of the TMR1/3/5H:TMR1/3/5L register pair. When a match occurs, one of the following events can occur: • • • • • Toggle the CCPx output Set the CCPx output Clear the CCPx output Generate an Auto-conversion Trigger Generate a Software Interrupt In Compare mode, Timer1/3/5 must be running in either Timer mode or Synchronized Counter mode. The compare operation may not work in Asynchronous Counter mode. See Section 26.0 “Timer1/3/5 Module with Gate Control” for more information on configuring Timer1/3/5. Note: The action on the pin is based on the value of the CCPxMODE<3:0> control bits of the CCPxCON register. At the same time, the interrupt flag CCPxIF bit is set, and an ADC conversion can be triggered, if selected. TIMER1/3/5 MODE RESOURCE 28.3.3 Clocking Timer1/3/5 from the system clock (FOSC) should not be used in Compare mode. In order for Compare mode to recognize the trigger event on the CCPx pin, Timer1/3/5 must be clocked from the instruction clock (FOSC/4) or from an external clock source. AUTO-CONVERSION TRIGGER All Compare modes can generate an interrupt and trigger an ADC conversion. All CCPx modes set the CCP interrupt flag (CCPxIF). When this flag is set as a match occurs, an auto-conversion trigger can occur if the CCP module is selected as the conversion trigger source. Figure 28-2 shows a simplified diagram of the compare operation. Refer to Section 21.2.5 “Auto-Conversion Trigger” for more information. FIGURE 28-2: Note: COMPARE MODE OPERATION BLOCK DIAGRAM CCPxMODE<3:0> Mode Select Set CCPxIF Interrupt Flag (PIRx) 4 CCPRxH CCPRxL CCPx Pin Q S R Output Logic Match TRIS Output Enable Comparator TMR1H TMR1L 28.3.4 Removing the Match condition by changing the contents of the CCPRxH and CCPRxL register pair, between the clock edge that generates the Auto-conversion Trigger and the clock edge that generates the Timer Reset, will preclude the Reset from occurring. COMPARE DURING SLEEP Since FOSC is shut down during Sleep mode, the Compare mode will not function properly during Sleep, unless the timer is running. The device will wake on interrupt (if enabled). Auto-conversion Trigger 28.3.1 CCPX PIN CONFIGURATION The user must configure the CCPx pin as an output by clearing the associated TRIS bit and defining the appropriate output pin through the RxyPPS registers. See Section 12.0 “Peripheral Pin Select (PPS) Module” for more details. The CCP output can also be used as an input for other peripherals. Note: Clearing the CCPxCON register will force the CCPx compare output latch to the default low level. This is not the PORT I/O data latch. DS40001795B-page 302 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 28.4 28.4.1 PWM Overview Pulse-Width Modulation (PWM) is a scheme that provides power to a load by switching quickly between fully on and fully off states. The PWM signal resembles a square wave where the high portion of the signal is considered the on state and the low portion of the signal is considered the off state. The high portion, also known as the pulse width, can vary in time and is defined in steps. A larger number of steps applied, which lengthens the pulse width, also supplies more power to the load. Lowering the number of steps applied, which shortens the pulse width, supplies less power. The PWM period is defined as the duration of one complete cycle or the total amount of on and off time combined. PWM resolution defines the maximum number of steps that can be present in a single PWM period. A higher resolution allows for more precise control of the pulse width time and in turn the power that is applied to the load. The term duty cycle describes the proportion of the on time to the off time and is expressed in percentages, where 0% is fully off and 100% is fully on. A lower duty cycle corresponds to less power applied and a higher duty cycle corresponds to more power applied. STANDARD PWM OPERATION The standard PWM function described in this section is available and identical for all CCP modules. The standard PWM mode generates a Pulse-Width Modulation (PWM) signal on the CCPx pin with up to 10 bits of resolution. The period, duty cycle, and resolution are controlled by the following registers: • • • • PR2/4/6 registers T2/4/6CON registers CCPRxL registers CCPxCON registers Figure 28-4 shows a simplified block diagram of PWM operation. Note: The corresponding TRIS bit must be cleared to enable the PWM output on the CCPx pin. FIGURE 28-3: Figure 28-3 shows a typical waveform of the PWM signal. CCP PWM OUTPUT SIGNAL Period Pulse Width TMR2 = PR2 TMR2/4/6 = CCPRxH:CCPRxL TMR2/4/6 = 0 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 303 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 FIGURE 28-4: SIMPLIFIED PWM BLOCK DIAGRAM Rev. 10-000157B 2/27/2014 Duty cycle registers CCPRxH CCPRxL CCPx_out 10-bit Latch(2) (Not accessible by user) Comparator To Peripherals set CCPIF R Q CCPx S TRIS Control TMR2 Module R TMR2 (1) ERS logic Comparator CCPx_pset PR2 Notes: DS40001795B-page 304 1. 8-bit timer is concatenated with two bits generated by Fosc or two bits of the internal prescaler to create 10-bit time-base. 2. The alignment of the 10 bits from the CCPR register is determined by the CCPxFMT bit. Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 28.4.2 SETUP FOR PWM OPERATION 28.4.4 The following steps should be taken when configuring the CCP module for standard PWM operation: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Use the desired output pin RxyPPS control to select CCPx as the source and disable the CCPx pin output driver by setting the associated TRIS bit. Load the PR2 register with the PWM period value. Configure the CCP module for the PWM mode by loading the CCPxCON register with the appropriate values. Load the CCPRxL register and the CCPRxH register bits, with the PWM duty cycle value and configure the CCPxFMT bit of the CCPxCON register to set the proper register alignment. Configure and start Timer2, 4 or 6. • Clear the TMR2/4/6IF interrupt flag bits of the PIR4 register. See Note below. • Configure the T2/4/6CKPS bits of the T2/4/6CON register with the Timer prescale value. • Enable the Timer by setting the TMR2/4/6ON bit of the T2/4/6CON register. Enable PWM output pin: • Wait until the Timer overflows and the TMR2/4/6IF bits of the PIR4 register is set. See Note below. • Enable the CCPx pin output driver by clearing the associated TRIS bit. Note: In order to send a complete duty cycle and period on the first PWM output, the above steps must be included in the setup sequence. If it is not critical to start with a complete PWM signal on the first output, then step 6 may be ignored. PWM PERIOD The PWM period is specified by the PRx register of Timer2/4/6. The PWM period can be calculated using the formula of Equation 28-1. EQUATION 28-1: PWM Period = PR2x + 1 4 T OSC (TMR2/4/6 Prescale Value) TOSC = 1/FOSC Note: When TMR2/4/6 is equal to PR2/4/6, the following three events occur on the next increment cycle: • TMR2/4/6 is cleared • The CCPx pin is set. (Exception: If the PWM duty cycle = 0%, the pin will not be set.) • The PWM duty cycle is transferred from the CCPRxL/H register pair into a 10-bit buffer. Note: 28.4.5 The Timer postscaler (see Section 27.1 “Timer2 Operation”) is not used in the determination of the PWM frequency. PWM DUTY CYCLE The PWM duty cycle is specified by writing a 10-bit value to the CCPRxH:CCPRxL register pair. The alignment of the 10-bit value is determined by the CCPRxFMT bit of the CCPxCON register (see Figure 28-5). The CCPRxH:CCPRxL register pair can be written to at any time; however, the duty cycle value is not latched into the 10-bit buffer until after a match between PR2/4/6 and TMR2/4/6. Equation 28-2 is used to calculate the PWM pulse width. Equation 28-3 is used to calculate the PWM duty cycle ratio. FIGURE 28-5: 28.4.3 PWM PERIOD PWM 10-BIT ALIGNMENT BLOCK DIAGRAM TIMER2/4/6 TIMER RESOURCE The PWM standard mode makes use of the 8-bit Timer2/4/6 timer resources to specify the PWM period. Rev. 10-000 160A 12/9/201 3 CCPRxH CCPRxL 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 FMT = 1 FMT = 0 CCPRxH CCPRxL 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 10-bit Duty Cycle 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 305 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 EQUATION 28-2: 28.4.6 PULSE WIDTH The resolution determines the number of available duty cycles for a given period. For example, a 10-bit resolution will result in 1024 discrete duty cycles, whereas an 8-bit resolution will result in 256 discrete duty cycles. Pulse Width = CCPRxH:CCPRxL register pair T OSC (TMR2 Prescale Value) EQUATION 28-3: PWM RESOLUTION The maximum PWM resolution is ten bits when PRx is 255. The resolution is a function of the PRx register value as shown by Equation 28-4. DUTY CYCLE RATIO CCPRxH:CCPRxL register pair Duty Cycle Ratio = ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------4 PR2 + 1 EQUATION 28-4: log 4 PRx + 1 Resolution = ------------------------------------------ bits log 2 The CCPRxH:CCPRxL register pair and a 2-bit internal latch are used to double buffer the PWM duty cycle. This double buffering is essential for glitchless PWM operation. The 8-bit timer TMR2/4/6 register is concatenated with either the 2-bit internal system clock (FOSC), or two bits of the prescaler, to create the 10-bit time base. The system clock is used if the Timer2/4/6 prescaler is set to 1:1. PWM RESOLUTION Note: If the pulse width value is greater than the period the assigned PWM pin(s) will remain unchanged. When the 10-bit time base matches the CCPRxH:CCPRxL register pair, then the CCPx pin is cleared (see Figure 28-4). TABLE 28-1: EXAMPLE PWM FREQUENCIES AND RESOLUTIONS (FOSC = 20 MHz) PWM Frequency Timer Prescale PRx Value Maximum Resolution (bits) TABLE 28-2: 4.88 kHz 19.53 kHz 78.12 kHz 156.3 kHz 208.3 kHz 16 4 1 1 1 1 0xFF 0xFF 0xFF 0x3F 0x1F 0x17 10 10 10 8 7 6.6 EXAMPLE PWM FREQUENCIES AND RESOLUTIONS (FOSC = 8 MHz) PWM Frequency Timer Prescale PRx Value Maximum Resolution (bits) 28.4.7 1.22 kHz 1.22 kHz 4.90 kHz 19.61 kHz 76.92 kHz 153.85 kHz 200.0 kHz 16 4 1 1 1 1 0x65 0x65 0x65 0x19 0x0C 0x09 8 8 8 6 5 5 OPERATION IN SLEEP MODE 28.4.8 In Sleep mode, the TMR2/4/6 register will not increment and the state of the module will not change. If the CCPx pin is driving a value, it will continue to drive that value. When the device wakes up, TMR2/4/6 will continue from its previous state. CHANGES IN SYSTEM CLOCK FREQUENCY The PWM frequency is derived from the system clock frequency. Any changes in the system clock frequency will result in changes to the PWM frequency. See Section 6.0 “Oscillator Module (with Fail-Safe Clock Monitor)” for additional details. 28.4.9 EFFECTS OF RESET Any Reset will force all ports to Input mode and the CCP registers to their Reset states. DS40001795B-page 306 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 28.5 Register Definitions: CCP Control REGISTER 28-1: CCPxCON: CCPx CONTROL REGISTER R/W-0/0 U-0 R-x/x R/W-0/0 CCPxEN — CCPxOUT CCPxFMT R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 CCPxMODE<3:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Reset ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7 CCPxEN: CCP Module Enable bit 0 = CCP is disabled 1 = CCP is enabled bit 6 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 5 CCPxOUT: CCPx Output Data (read-only) bit bit 4 CCPxFMT: CCPW (pulse width) Alignment bit CCPxMODE = Capture mode Unused CCPxMODE = Compare mode Unused CCPxMODE = PWM mode 0 = Right-aligned format 1 = Left-aligned format bit 3-0 CCPxMODE<3:0>: CCPx Mode Select bits(1) 1111 = PWM mode 1110 = Reserved 1101 = Reserved 1100 = Reserved 1011 = Compare mode: output will pulse 0-1-0; Clears TMR1/3/5 1010 = Compare mode: output will pulse 0-1-0 1001 = Compare mode: clear output on compare match 1000 = Compare mode: set output on compare match 0111 = Capture mode: every 16th rising edge of CCPx input 0110 = Capture mode: every 4th rising edge of CCPx input 0101 = Capture mode: every rising edge of CCPx input 0100 = Capture mode: every falling edge of CCPx input 0011 = Capture mode: every edge of CCPx input 0010 = Compare mode: toggle output on match 0001 = Compare mode: toggle output on match; clear TMR1/3/5 0000 = Capture/Compare/PWM off (resets CCPx module) Note 1: All modes will set the CCPxIF bit and will trigger an ADC conversion if CCPx is selected as the ADC trigger source. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 307 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 28-2: CCPxCAP: CAPTURE INPUT SELECTION REGISTER U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 — — — — R/W-0/x R/W-0/x R/W-0/x R/W-0/x CCPxCTS<3:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Reset ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-4 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 3-0 CCPxCTS<3:0>: CCPx Capture Mode Data Select bits CCAP<3:0> 0000 DS40001795B-page 308 CCP1CAP CCP2CAP CCP3CAP CCP4CAP CAPTURE INPUT CAPTURE INPUT CAPTURE INPUT CAPTURE INPUT CCP1PPS CCP2PPS CCP3PPS 0001 C1OUT 0010 C2OUT 0011 NCO1 0100 IOC_interrupt 0101 LC1_output 0110 LC2_output 0111 LC3_output 1000 LC4_output 1001 … 1111 Reserved Preliminary CCP4PPS 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 28-3: R/W-x/x CCPRxL REGISTER: CCPx REGISTER LOW BYTE R/W-x/x R/W-x/x R/W-x/x R/W-x/x R/W-x/x R/W-x/x R/W-x/x CCPRxL<7:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Reset ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-0 CCPxMODE = Capture mode CCPRxL<7:0>: Captured value of TMR1/3/5L CCPxMODE = Compare mode CCPRxL<7:0>: LS Byte compared to TMR1/3/5L CCPxMODE = PWM modes when CCPxFMT = 0 CCPRxL<7:0>: CCPW<7:0> – Pulse-width Least Significant eight bits CCPxMODE = PWM modes when CCPxFMT = 1 CCPRxL<7:6>: CCPW<1:0> – Pulse-width Least Significant two bits CCPRxL<5:0>: Not used. REGISTER 28-4: R/W-x/x CCPRxH REGISTER: CCPx REGISTER HIGH BYTE R/W-x/x R/W-x/x R/W-x/x R/W-x/x R/W-x/x R/W-x/x R/W-x/x CCPRxH<7:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Reset ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-0 CCPxMODE = Capture mode CCPRxH<7:0>: Captured value of TMR1/3/5H CCPxMODE = Compare mode CCPRxH<7:0>: MS Byte compared to TMR1/3/5H CCPxMODE = PWM modes when CCPxFMT = 0 CCPRxH<7:2>: Not used CCPRxH<1:0>: CCPW<9:8> – Pulse-width Most Significant two bits CCPxMODE = PWM modes when CCPxFMT = 1 CCPRxH<7:0>: CCPW<9:2> – Pulse-width Most Significant eight bits 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 309 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 28-5: R/W-0/0 CCPTMRS: CCP TIMERS CONTROL REGISTER R/W-1/1 C4TSEL<1:0> R/W-0/0 R/W-1/1 R/W-0/0 C3TSEL<1:0> R/W-1/1 R/W-0/0 C2TSEL<1:0> R/W-1/1 C1TSEL<1:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Reset ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-6 C4TSEL<1:0>: CCP4 Capture, Compare and PWM mode Timer Selection bits Selection as show in Table 28-4. bit 5-4 C3TSEL<1:0>: CCP3 Capture, Compare and PWM mode Timer Selection bits Selection as show in Table 28-4. bit 3-2 C2TSEL<1:0>: CCP2 Capture, Compare and PWM mode Timer Selection bits Selection as show in Table 28-4. bit 1-0 C1TSEL<1:0>: CCP1 Capture, Compare and PWM mode Timer Selection bits Selection as show in Table 28-4. TABLE 28-3: TIMER SELECTIONS CxTSEL<1:0> Operating mode based on CCPxMODE<3:0> Capture Compare PWM 00 TMR0 01 TMR1 10 TMR3 TMR4 11 TMR5 TMR6 DS40001795B-page 310 Preliminary TMR2 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 TABLE 28-4: Name SUMMARY OF REGISTERS ASSOCIATED WITH CCPx Register on Page Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 TRISA ― ― TRISA5 TRISA4 ―(2) TRISA2 TRISA1 TRISA0 141 ANSELA ― ― ANSA5 ANSA4 ― ANSA2 ANSA1 ANSA0 142 TRISB7 TRISB6 TRISB5 TRISB4 ― ― ― ― 147 TRISB(1) ANSELB (1) ANSB7 ANSB6 ANSB5 ANSB4 ― ― ― ― 148 TRISC TRISC7(1) TRISC6(1) TRISC5 TRISC4 TRISC3 TRISC2 TRISC1 TRISC0 154 ANSELC ANSC7(1) ANSC6(1) ANSC5 ANSC4 ANSC3 ANSC2 ANSC1 ANSC0 155 INTCON GIE PEIE ― ― ― ― ― INTEDG 98 CWG2IF CWG1IF TMR5GIF TMR5IF CCP4IF CCP3IF CCP2IF CCP1IF 108 CCP4IE CCP3IE CCP2IE CCP1IE 103 PIR4 PIE4 CWG2IE CWGIE TMR5GIE TMR5IE CCPxCON CCPxEN ― CCPxOUT CCPxFMT CCPxCAP ― ― ― ― CCPxMODE<3:0> ― 307 CCPxCTS<2:0> 308 CCPRxL CCPRx<7:0> 309 CCPRxH CCPRx<15:8> 309 CCPTMRS C4TSEL<1:0> C3TSEL<1:0> C2TSEL<1:0> C1TSEL<1:0> 310 CCP1PPS ― ― ― CCP1PPS<4:0> 160 CCP2PPS ― ― ― CCP2PPS<4:0> 160 CCP3PPS ― ― ― CCP3PPS<4:0> 160 CCP4PPS ― ― ― CCP4PPS<4:0> 160 RxyPPS ― ― ― RxyPPS<4:0> 161 ADACT ― ― ― CLCxSELy ― ― ADACT<4:0> 244 LCxDyS<5:0> 227 CWGxDAT ― ― ― ― DAT<3:0> 213 MDSRC ― ― ― ― MDMS<3:0> 270 MDCARH ― MDCHPOL MDCHSYNC ― MDCH<3:0> 271 ― MDCLPOL ― MDCL<3:0> 272 MDCARL Legend: Note 1: 2: MDCLSYNC — = Unimplemented location, read as ‘0’. Shaded cells are not used by the CCP module. PIC16(L)F18345 only. Unimplemented, read as ‘1’. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 311 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 29.0 29.1 MASTER SYNCHRONOUS SERIAL PORT (MSSPx) MODULE Note 1: In devices with more than one MSSP module, it is very important to pay close attention to the register names used. A number placed after the module acronym is used to distinguish between separate modules. For example, the SSP1STAT and SSP2STAT control the same operational aspects of two completely different MSSP modules. MSSPx Module Overview The Master Synchronous Serial Port (MSSPx) module is a serial interface useful for communicating with other peripheral or microcontroller devices. These peripheral devices may be serial EEPROMs, shift registers, display drivers, A/D Converters, etc. The MSSPx module can operate in one of two modes: 2: Throughout this section, generic references to the MSSP1 module in any of its operating modes may be interpreted as being equally applicable to MSSPx module. Register names, module signals, I/O pins, and bit names may use the generic designator ‘x’ to indicate the use of a numeral to distinguish a particular module, when required. • Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) • Inter-Integrated Circuit (I2C) The SPI interface supports the following modes and features: • • • • • Master mode Slave mode Clock Parity Slave Select Synchronization (Slave mode only) Daisy-chain connection of slave devices Figure 29-1 is a block diagram of the SPI interface module. FIGURE 29-1: MSSP BLOCK DIAGRAM (SPI MODE) Data Bus Read Write SSPxBUF Reg SDI SSPxSR Reg SDO bit 0 SS SS Control Enable Shift Clock 2 (CKP, CKE) Clock Select Edge Select SSPM<3:0> 4 SCK Edge Select TRIS bit DS40001795B-page 312 Preliminary ( T2_match 2 ) Prescaler TOSC 4, 16, 64 Baud Rate Generator (SSPxADD) 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 The I2C interface supports the following modes and features: • • • • • • • • • • • • • Master mode Slave mode Byte NACKing (Slave mode) Limited multi-master support 7-bit and 10-bit addressing Start and Stop interrupts Interrupt masking Clock stretching Bus collision detection General call address matching Address masking Address Hold and Data Hold modes Selectable SDA hold times Figure 29-2 is a block diagram of the I2C interface module in Master mode. Figure 29-3 is a diagram of the I2C interface module in Slave mode. MSSP BLOCK DIAGRAM (I2C™ MASTER MODE) Internal data bus Read [SSPM<3:0>] Write SSPxBUF Shift Clock SDA in Receive Enable (RCEN) SCL SCL in Bus Collision 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. LSb Start bit, Stop bit, Acknowledge Generate (SSPxCON2) Start bit detect, Stop bit detect Write collision detect Clock arbitration State counter for end of XMIT/RCV Address Match detect Preliminary Clock Cntl SSPxSR MSb (Hold off clock source) SDA Baud Rate Generator (SSPxADD) Clock arbitrate/BCOL detect FIGURE 29-2: Set/Reset: S, P, SSPxSTAT, WCOL, SSPOV Reset SEN, PEN (SSPxCON2) Set SSPxIF, BCLxIF DS40001795B-page 313 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 FIGURE 29-3: MSSP BLOCK DIAGRAM (I2C™ SLAVE MODE) Internal Data Bus Read Write SSPxBUF Reg SCL Shift Clock SSPxSR Reg SDA LSb MSb SSPxMSK Reg Match Detect Addr Match SSPxADD Reg Start and Stop bit Detect DS40001795B-page 314 Preliminary Set, Reset S, P bits (SSPxSTAT Reg) 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 29.2 SPI Mode Overview The Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) bus is a synchronous serial data communication bus that operates in Full-Duplex mode. Devices communicate in a master/slave environment where the master device initiates the communication. A slave device is controlled through a Chip Select known as Slave Select. The SPI bus specifies four signal connections: • • • • Serial Clock (SCK) Serial Data Out (SDO) Serial Data In (SDI) Slave Select (SS) During each SPI clock cycle, a full-duplex data transmission occurs. This means that while the master device is sending out the MSb from its shift register (on its SDO pin) and the slave device is reading this bit and saving it as the LSb of its shift register, that the slave device is also sending out the MSb from its shift register (on its SDO pin) and the master device is reading this bit and saving it as the LSb of its shift register. After eight bits have been shifted out, the master and slave have exchanged register values. If there is more data to exchange, the shift registers are loaded with new data and the process repeats itself. Figure 29-1 shows the block diagram of the MSSPx module when operating in SPI mode. The SPI bus operates with a single master device and one or more slave devices. When multiple slave devices are used, an independent Slave Select connection is required from the master device to each slave device. Figure 29-4 shows a typical connection between a master device and multiple slave devices. The master selects only one slave at a time. Most slave devices have tri-state outputs so their output signal appears disconnected from the bus when they are not selected. Transmissions involve two shift registers, eight bits in size, one in the master and one in the slave. With either the master or the slave device, data is always shifted out one bit at a time, with the Most Significant bit (MSb) shifted out first. At the same time, a new Least Significant bit (LSb) is shifted into the same register. Whether the data is meaningful or not (dummy data), depends on the application software. This leads to three scenarios for data transmission: • Master sends useful data and slave sends dummy data. • Master sends useful data and slave sends useful data. • Master sends dummy data and slave sends useful data. Transmissions may involve any number of clock cycles. When there is no more data to be transmitted, the master stops sending the clock signal and it deselects the slave. Every slave device connected to the bus that has not been selected through its slave select line must disregard the clock and transmission signals and must not transmit out any data of its own. Figure 29-5 shows a typical connection between two processors configured as master and slave devices. Data is shifted out of both shift registers on the programmed clock edge and latched on the opposite edge of the clock. The master device transmits information out on its SDO output pin which is connected to, and received by, the slave’s SDI input pin. The slave device transmits information out on its SDO output pin, which is connected to, and received by, the master’s SDI input pin. To begin communication, the master device first sends out the clock signal. Both the master and the slave devices should be configured for the same clock polarity. The master device starts a transmission by sending out the MSb from its shift register. The slave device reads this bit from that same line and saves it into the LSb position of its shift register. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 315 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 FIGURE 29-4: SPI MASTER AND MULTIPLE SLAVE CONNECTION SPI Master SCK SCK SDO SDI SDI SDO General I/O General I/O SS General I/O SCK SDI SDO SPI Slave #1 SPI Slave #2 SS SCK SDI SDO SPI Slave #3 SS 29.2.1 SPI MODE REGISTERS 29.2.2 The MSSPx module has five registers for SPI mode operation. These are: • • • • • • MSSPx STATUS register (SSPxSTAT) MSSPx Control register 1 (SSPxCON1) MSSPx Control register 3 (SSPxCON3) MSSPx Data Buffer register (SSPxBUF) MSSPx Address register (SSPxADD) MSSPx Shift register (SSPxSR) (Not directly accessible) SSPxCON1 and SSPSTAT are the control STATUS registers in SPI mode operation. SSPxCON1 register is readable and writable. lower six bits of the SSPxSTAT are read-only. upper two bits of the SSPxSTAT are read/write. When initializing the SPI, several options need to be specified. This is done by programming the appropriate control bits (SSPxCON1<5:0> and SSPxSTAT<7:6>). These control bits allow the following to be specified: • • • • and The The The In one SPI Master mode, SSPxADD can be loaded with a value used in the Baud Rate Generator. More information on the Baud Rate Generator is available in Section 29.7 “Baud Rate Generator”. SSPxSR is the shift register used for shifting data in and out. SSPxBUF provides indirect access to the SSPxSR register. SSPxBUF is the buffer register to which data bytes are written, and from which data bytes are read. In receive operations, SSPxSR and SSPxBUF together create a buffered receiver. When SSPxSR receives a complete byte, it is transferred to SSPxBUF and the SSPxIF interrupt is set. During transmission, the SSPxBUF is not buffered. A write to SSPxBUF will write to both SSPxBUF and SSPxSR. DS40001795B-page 316 SPI MODE OPERATION Master mode (SCK is the clock output) Slave mode (SCK is the clock input) Clock Polarity (Idle state of SCK) Data Input Sample Phase (middle or end of data output time) • Clock Edge (output data on rising/falling edge of SCK) • Clock Rate (Master mode only) • Slave Select mode (Slave mode only) To enable the serial port, SSP Enable bit, SSPEN of the SSPxCON1 register, must be set. To reset or reconfigure SPI mode, clear the SSPEN bit, re-initialize the SSPxCONy registers and then set the SSPEN bit. This configures the SDI, SDO, SCK and SS pins as serial port pins. For the pins to behave as the serial port function, some must have their data direction bits (in the TRIS register) appropriately programmed as follows: • SDI must have corresponding TRIS bit set • SDO must have corresponding TRIS bit cleared • SCK (Master mode) must have corresponding TRIS bit cleared • SCK (Slave mode) must have corresponding TRIS bit set • SS must have corresponding TRIS bit set Any serial port function that is not desired may be overridden by programming the corresponding data direction (TRIS) register to the opposite value. Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 The MSSPx consists of a transmit/receive shift register (SSPxSR) and a buffer register (SSPxBUF). The SSPxSR shifts the data in and out of the device, MSb first. The SSPxBUF holds the data that was written to the SSPxSR until the received data is ready. Once the eight bits of data have been received, that byte is moved to the SSPxBUF register. Then, the Buffer Full Detect bit, BF of the SSPxSTAT register, and the interrupt flag bit, SSPxIF, are set. This double-buffering of the received data (SSPxBUF) allows the next byte to start reception before reading the data that was just received. Any write to the SSPxBUF register during transmission/reception of data will be ignored and the write collision detect bit, WCOL, of the SSPxCON1 register, will be set. User software must clear the WCOL bit to allow the following write(s) to the SSPxBUF register to complete successfully. FIGURE 29-5: When the application software is expecting to receive valid data, the SSPxBUF should be read before the next byte of data to transfer is written to the SSPxBUF. The Buffer Full bit, BF of the SSPxSTAT register, indicates when SSPxBUF has been loaded with the received data (transmission is complete). When the SSPxBUF is read, the BF bit is cleared. This data may be irrelevant if the SPI is only a transmitter. Generally, the MSSP interrupt is used to determine when the transmission/reception has completed. If the interrupt method is not going to be used, then software polling can be done to ensure that a write collision does not occur. The SSPxSR is not directly readable or writable and can only be accessed by addressing the SSPxBUF register. Additionally, the SSPxSTAT register indicates the various Status conditions. SPI MASTER/SLAVE CONNECTION SPI Master SSPM<3:0> = 00xx = 1010 SPI Slave SSPM<3:0> = 010x SDO SDI Serial Input Buffer (SSPxBUF) SDI Shift Register (SSPxSR) MSb Serial Input Buffer (SSPxBUF) LSb SCK General I/O Processor 1 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. SDO Serial Clock Slave Select (optional) Preliminary Shift Register (SSPxSR) MSb LSb SCK SS Processor 2 DS40001795B-page 317 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 29.2.3 SPI MASTER MODE The master can initiate the data transfer at any time because it controls the SCK line. The master determines when the slave (Processor 2, Figure 29-5) is to broadcast data by the software protocol. In Master mode, the data is transmitted/received as soon as the SSPxBUF register is written to. If the SPI is only going to receive, the SDO output could be disabled (programmed as an input). The SSPxSR register will continue to shift in the signal present on the SDI pin at the programmed clock rate. As each byte is received, it will be loaded into the SSPxBUF register as if a normal received byte (interrupts and Status bits appropriately set). The clock polarity is selected by appropriately programming the CKP bit of the SSPxCON1 register and the CKE bit of the SSPxSTAT register. This then, would give waveforms for SPI communication as shown in Figure 29-6, Figure 29-8, Figure 29-9 and Figure 29-10, where the MSB is transmitted first. In Master mode, the SPI clock rate (bit rate) is user programmable to be one of the following: • • • • • FOSC/4 (or TCY) FOSC/16 (or 4 * TCY) FOSC/64 (or 16 * TCY) Timer2 output/2 FOSC/(4 * (SSPADD + 1)) Figure 29-6 shows the waveforms for Master mode. When the CKE bit is set, the SDO data is valid before there is a clock edge on SCK. The change of the input sample is shown based on the state of the SMP bit. The time when the SSPxBUF is loaded with the received data is shown. FIGURE 29-6: SPI MODE WAVEFORM (MASTER MODE) Write to SSPBUF SCK (CKP = 0 CKE = 0) SCK (CKP = 1 CKE = 0) 4 Clock Modes SCK (CKP = 0 CKE = 1) SCK (CKP = 1 CKE = 1) SDO (CKE = 0) bit 7 bit 6 bit 5 bit 4 bit 3 bit 2 bit 1 bit 0 SDO (CKE = 1) bit 7 bit 6 bit 5 bit 4 bit 3 bit 2 bit 1 bit 0 SDI (SMP = 0) bit 0 bit 7 Input Sample (SMP = 0) SDI (SMP = 1) bit 0 bit 7 Input Sample (SMP = 1) SSPxIF SSPxSR to SSPxBUF DS40001795B-page 318 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 29.2.4 SPI SLAVE MODE 29.2.5 In Slave mode, the data is transmitted and received as external clock pulses appear on SCK. When the last bit is latched, the SSPxIF interrupt flag bit is set. Before enabling the module in SPI Slave mode, the clock line must match the proper Idle state. The clock line can be observed by reading the SCK pin. The Idle state is determined by the CKP bit of the SSPxCON1 register. While in Slave mode, the external clock is supplied by the external clock source on the SCK pin. This external clock must meet the minimum high and low times as specified in the electrical specifications. While in Sleep mode, the slave can transmit/receive data. The shift register is clocked from the SCK pin input and when a byte is received, the device will generate an interrupt. If enabled, the device will wake-up from Sleep. 29.2.4.1 Daisy-Chain Configuration The SPI bus can sometimes be connected in a daisy-chain configuration. The first slave output is connected to the second slave input, the second slave output is connected to the third slave input, and so on. The final slave output is connected to the master input. Each slave sends out, during a second group of clock pulses, an exact copy of what was received during the first group of clock pulses. The whole chain acts as one large communication shift register. The daisy-chain feature only requires a single Slave Select line from the master device. Figure 29-7 shows the block diagram of a typical daisy-chain connection when operating in SPI mode. In a daisy-chain configuration, only the most recent byte on the bus is required by the slave. Setting the BOEN bit of the SSPxCON3 register will enable writes to the SSPxBUF register, even if the previous byte has not been read. This allows the software to ignore data that may not apply to it. SLAVE SELECT SYNCHRONIZATION The Slave Select can also be used to synchronize communication. The Slave Select line is held high until the master device is ready to communicate. When the Slave Select line is pulled low, the slave knows that a new transmission is starting. If the slave fails to receive the communication properly, it will be reset at the end of the transmission, when the Slave Select line returns to a high state. The slave is then ready to receive a new transmission when the Slave Select line is pulled low again. If the Slave Select line is not used, there is a risk that the slave will eventually become out of sync with the master. If the slave misses a bit, it will always be one bit off in future transmissions. Use of the Slave Select line allows the slave and master to align themselves at the beginning of each transmission. The SS pin allows a Synchronous Slave mode. The SPI must be in Slave mode with SS pin control enabled (SSPxCON1<3:0> = 0100). When the SS pin is low, transmission and reception are enabled and the SDO pin is driven. When the SS pin goes high, the SDO pin is no longer driven, even if in the middle of a transmitted byte and becomes a floating output. External pull-up/pull-down resistors may be desirable depending on the application. Note 1: When the SPI is in Slave mode with SS pin control enabled (SSPxCON1<3:0> = 0100), the SPI module will reset if the SS pin is set to VDD. 2: When the SPI is used in Slave mode with CKE set; the user must enable SS pin control. 3: While operated in SPI Slave mode the SMP bit of the SSPxSTAT register must remain clear. When the SPI module resets, the bit counter is forced to ‘0’. This can be done by either forcing the SS pin to a high level or clearing the SSPEN bit. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 319 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 FIGURE 29-7: SPI DAISY-CHAIN CONNECTION SPI Master SCK SCK SDO SDI SDI SPI Slave #1 SDO General I/O SS SCK SDI SPI Slave #2 SDO SS SCK SDI SPI Slave #3 SDO SS FIGURE 29-8: SLAVE SELECT SYNCHRONOUS WAVEFORM SS SCK (CKP = 0 CKE = 0) SCK (CKP = 1 CKE = 0) Write to SSPxBUF Shift register SSPxSR and bit count are reset SSPxBUF to SSPxSR SDO bit 7 bit 6 bit 7 SDI bit 6 bit 0 bit 0 bit 7 bit 7 Input Sample SSPxIF Interrupt Flag SSPxSR to SSPxBUF DS40001795B-page 320 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 FIGURE 29-9: SPI MODE WAVEFORM (SLAVE MODE WITH CKE = 0) SS Optional SCK (CKP = 0 CKE = 0) SCK (CKP = 1 CKE = 0) Write to SSPxBUF Valid SDO bit 7 bit 6 bit 5 bit 4 bit 3 bit 2 bit 1 bit 0 SDI bit 0 bit 7 Input Sample SSPxIF Interrupt Flag SSPxSR to SSPxBUF Write Collision detection active FIGURE 29-10: SPI MODE WAVEFORM (SLAVE MODE WITH CKE = 1) SS Not Optional SCK (CKP = 0 CKE = 1) SCK (CKP = 1 CKE = 1) Write to SSPxBUF Valid SDO bit 7 bit 6 bit 5 bit 4 bit 3 bit 2 bit 1 bit 0 SDI bit 0 bit 7 Input Sample SSPxIF Interrupt Flag SSPxSR to SSPxBUF Write Collision detection active 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 321 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 29.2.6 SPI OPERATION IN SLEEP MODE In SPI Master mode, module clocks may be operating at a different speed than when in Full-Power mode; in the case of the Sleep mode, all clocks are halted. Special care must be taken by the user when the MSSP clock is much faster than the system clock. In Slave mode, when MSSP interrupts are enabled, after the master completes sending data, an MSSP interrupt will wake the controller from Sleep. If an exit from Sleep mode is not desired, MSSP interrupts should be disabled. In SPI Master mode, when the Sleep mode is selected, all module clocks are halted and the transmission/reception will remain in that state until the device wakes. After the device returns to Run mode, the module will resume transmitting and receiving data. In SPI Slave mode, the SPI Transmit/Receive Shift register operates asynchronously to the device. This allows the device to be placed in Sleep mode and data to be shifted into the SPI Transmit/Receive Shift register. When all eight bits have been received, the MSSP interrupt flag bit will be set and if enabled, will wake the device. 29.3 I2C Mode Overview To begin communication, a master device starts out in Master Transmit mode. The master device sends out a Start bit followed by the address byte of the slave it intends to communicate with. This is followed by a single Read/Write bit, which determines whether the master intends to transmit to or receive data from the slave device. If the requested slave exists on the bus, it will respond with an Acknowledge bit, otherwise known as an ACK. The master then continues in either Transmit mode or Receive mode and the slave continues in the complement, either in Receive mode or Transmit mode, respectively. A Start bit is indicated by a high-to-low transition of the SDA line while the SCL line is held high. Address and data bytes are sent out, Most Significant bit (MSb) first. The Read/Write bit is sent out as a logical one when the master intends to read data from the slave, and is sent out as a logical zero when it intends to write data to the slave. FIGURE 29-11: I2C™ MASTER/ SLAVE CONNECTION VDD The Inter-Integrated Circuit (I2C) bus is a multi-master serial data communication bus. Devices communicate in a master/slave environment where the master devices initiate the communication. A slave device is controlled through addressing. SCL VDD Master The I2C bus specifies two signal connections: SCL Slave SDA SDA • Serial Clock (SCL) • Serial Data (SDA) Figure 29-11 shows the block diagram of the MSSPx module when operating in I2C mode. Both the SCL and SDA connections are bidirectional open-drain lines, each requiring pull-up resistors for the supply voltage. Pulling the line to ground is considered a logical zero and letting the line float is considered a logical one. Figure 29-11 shows a typical connection between two processors configured as master and slave devices. The I2C bus can operate with one or more master devices and one or more slave devices. There are four potential modes of operation for a given device: • Master Transmit mode (master is transmitting data to a slave) • Master Receive mode (master is receiving data from a slave) • Slave Transmit mode (slave is transmitting data to a master) • Slave Receive mode (slave is receiving data from the master) DS40001795B-page 322 The Acknowledge bit (ACK) is an active-low signal, which holds the SDA line low to indicate to the transmitter that the slave device has received the transmitted data and is ready to receive more. The transition of a data bit is always performed while the SCL line is held low. Transitions that occur while the SCL line is held high are used to indicate Start and Stop bits. If the master intends to write to the slave, then it repeatedly sends out a byte of data, with the slave responding after each byte with an ACK bit. In this example, the master device is in Master Transmit mode and the slave is in Slave Receive mode. If the master intends to read from the slave, then it repeatedly receives a byte of data from the slave, and responds after each byte with an ACK bit. In this example, the master device is in Master Receive mode and the slave is Slave Transmit mode. Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 On the last byte of data communicated, the master device may end the transmission by sending a Stop bit. If the master device is in Receive mode, it sends the Stop bit in place of the last ACK bit. A Stop bit is indicated by a low-to-high transition of the SDA line while the SCL line is held high. In some cases, the master may want to maintain control of the bus and re-initiate another transmission. If so, the master device may send another Start bit in place of the Stop bit or last ACK bit when it is in Receive mode. The I2C bus specifies three message protocols; • Single message where a master writes data to a slave. • Single message where a master reads data from a slave. • Combined message where a master initiates a minimum of two writes, or two reads, or a combination of writes and reads, to one or more slaves. When one device is transmitting a logical one, or letting the line float, and a second device is transmitting a logical zero, or holding the line low, the first device can detect that the line is not a logical one. This detection, when used on the SCL line, is called clock stretching. Clock stretching gives slave devices a mechanism to control the flow of data. When this detection is used on the SDA line, it is called arbitration. Arbitration ensures that there is only one master device communicating at any single time. 29.3.1 CLOCK STRETCHING When a slave device has not completed processing data, it can delay the transfer of more data through the process of clock stretching. An addressed slave device may hold the SCL clock line low after receiving or sending a bit, indicating that it is not yet ready to continue. The master that is communicating with the slave will attempt to raise the SCL line in order to transfer the next bit, but will detect that the clock line has not yet been released. Because the SCL connection is open-drain, the slave has the ability to hold that line low until it is ready to continue communicating. 29.3.2 ARBITRATION Each master device must monitor the bus for Start and Stop bits. If the device detects that the bus is busy, it cannot begin a new message until the bus returns to an Idle state. However, two master devices may try to initiate a transmission on or about the same time. When this occurs, the process of arbitration begins. Each transmitter checks the level of the SDA data line and compares it to the level that it expects to find. The first transmitter to observe that the two levels do not match, loses arbitration, and must stop transmitting on the SDA line. For example, if one transmitter holds the SDA line to a logical one (lets it float) and a second transmitter holds it to a logical zero (pulls it low), the result is that the SDA line will be low. The first transmitter then observes that the level of the line is different than expected and concludes that another transmitter is communicating. The first transmitter to notice this difference is the one that loses arbitration and must stop driving the SDA line. If this transmitter is also a master device, it also must stop driving the SCL line. It then can monitor the lines for a Stop condition before trying to reissue its transmission. In the meantime, the other device that has not noticed any difference between the expected and actual levels on the SDA line continues with its original transmission. It can do so without any complications, because so far, the transmission appears exactly as expected with no other transmitter disturbing the message. Slave Transmit mode can also be arbitrated, when a master addresses multiple slaves, but this is less common. If two master devices are sending a message to two different slave devices at the address stage, the master sending the lower slave address always wins arbitration. When two master devices send messages to the same slave address, and addresses can sometimes refer to multiple slaves, the arbitration process must continue into the data stage. Arbitration usually occurs very rarely, but it is a necessary process for proper multi-master support. Clock stretching allows receivers that cannot keep up with a transmitter to control the flow of incoming data. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 323 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 29.4 I2C MODE OPERATION 29.4.4 All MSSP I2C communication is byte oriented and shifted out MSb first. Six SFR registers and two interrupt flags interface the module with the PIC® microcontroller and user software. Two pins, SDA and SCL, are exercised by the module to communicate with other external I2C devices. 29.4.1 The clock signal, SCL, is provided by the master. Data is valid to change while the SCL signal is low, and sampled on the rising edge of the clock. Changes on the SDA line while the SCL line is high define special conditions on the bus, explained below. DEFINITION OF I2C TERMINOLOGY There is language and terminology in the description of I2C communication that have definitions specific to I2C. That word usage is defined below and may be used in the rest of this document without explanation. This table was adapted from the Philips I2C specification. 29.4.3 SDA AND SCL PINS Selection of any I2C mode with the SSPEN bit set, forces the SCL and SDA pins to be open-drain. These pins should be set by the user to inputs by setting the appropriate TRIS bits. Note 1: Data is tied to output zero when an I mode is enabled. The hold time of the SDA pin is selected by the SDAHT bit of the SSPxCON3 register. Hold time is the time SDA is held valid after the falling edge of SCL. Setting the SDAHT bit selects a longer 300 ns minimum hold time and may help on buses with large capacitance. TABLE 29-1: BYTE FORMAT All communication in I2C is done in 9-bit segments. A byte is sent from a master to a slave or vice-versa, followed by an Acknowledge bit sent back. After the eighth falling edge of the SCL line, the device outputting data on the SDA changes that pin to an input and reads in an acknowledge value on the next clock pulse. 29.4.2 SDA HOLD TIME 2C™ 2: Any device pin can be selected for SDA and SCL functions with the PPS peripheral. These functions are bidirectional. The SDA input is selected with the SSPDATPPS registers. The SCL input is selected with the SSPCLKPPS registers. Outputs are selected with the RxyPPS registers. It is the user’s responsibility to make the selections so that both the input and the output for each function is on the same pin. TERM I2C™ BUS TERMS Description Transmitter The device which shifts data out onto the bus. Receiver The device which shifts data in from the bus. Master The device that initiates a transfer, generates clock signals and terminates a transfer. Slave The device addressed by the master. Multi-master A bus with more than one device that can initiate data transfers. Arbitration Procedure to ensure that only one master at a time controls the bus. Winning arbitration ensures that the message is not corrupted. Synchronization Procedure to synchronize the clocks of two or more devices on the bus. Idle No master is controlling the bus, and both SDA and SCL lines are high. Active Any time one or more master devices are controlling the bus. Addressed Slave Slave device that has received a matching address and is actively being clocked by a master. Matching Address Address byte that is clocked into a slave that matches the value stored in SSPADD. Write Request Slave receives a matching address with R/W bit clear, and is ready to clock in data. Read Request Master sends an address byte with the R/W bit set, indicating that it wishes to clock data out of the Slave. This data is the next and all following bytes until a Restart or Stop. Clock Stretching When a device on the bus hold SCL low to stall communication. Bus Collision DS40001795B-page 324 Preliminary Any time the SDA line is sampled low by the module while it is outputting and expected high state. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 29.4.5 START CONDITION 29.4.7 2 The I C specification defines a Start condition as a transition of SDA from a high to a low state while SCL line is high. A Start condition is always generated by the master and signifies the transition of the bus from an Idle to an Active state. Figure 29-12 shows wave forms for Start and Stop conditions. A Restart is valid any time that a Stop would be valid. A master can issue a Restart if it wishes to hold the bus after terminating the current transfer. A Restart has the same effect on the slave that a Start would, resetting all slave logic and preparing it to clock in an address. The master may want to address the same or another slave. Figure 29-13 shows the wave form for a Restart condition. A bus collision can occur on a Start condition if the module samples the SDA line low before asserting it low. This does not conform to the I2C Specification that states no bus collision can occur on a Start. 29.4.6 RESTART CONDITION In 10-bit Addressing Slave mode a Restart is required for the master to clock data out of the addressed slave. Once a slave has been fully addressed, matching both high and low address bytes, the master can issue a Restart and the high address byte with the R/W bit set. The slave logic will then hold the clock and prepare to clock out data. STOP CONDITION A Stop condition is a transition of the SDA line from low-to-high state while the SCL line is high. Note: At least one SCL low time must appear before a Stop is valid, therefore, if the SDA line goes low then high again while the SCL line stays high, only the Start condition is detected. After a full match with R/W clear in 10-bit mode, a prior match flag is set and maintained until a Stop condition, a high address with R/W clear, or high address match fails. 29.4.8 START/STOP CONDITION INTERRUPT MASKING The SCIE and PCIE bits of the SSPxCON3 register can enable the generation of an interrupt in Slave modes that do not typically support this function. Slave modes where interrupt on Start and Stop detect are already enabled, these bits will have no effect. FIGURE 29-12: I2C™ START AND STOP CONDITIONS SDA SCL S Start P Change of Change of Data Allowed Data Allowed Condition FIGURE 29-13: Stop Condition I2C™ RESTART CONDITION Sr Change of Change of Data Allowed Restart Data Allowed Condition 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 325 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 29.4.9 ACKNOWLEDGE SEQUENCE 29.5 The ninth SCL pulse for any transferred byte in I2C is dedicated as an Acknowledge. It allows receiving devices to respond back to the transmitter by pulling the SDA line low. The transmitter must release control of the line during this time to shift in the response. The Acknowledge (ACK) is an active-low signal, pulling the SDA line low indicates to the transmitter that the device has received the transmitted data and is ready to receive more. The result of an ACK is placed in the ACKSTAT bit of the SSPxCON2 register. Slave software, when the AHEN and DHEN bits are set, allow the user to set the ACK value sent back to the transmitter. The ACKDT bit of the SSPxCON2 register is set/cleared to determine the response. Slave hardware will generate an ACK response if the AHEN and DHEN bits of the SSPxCON3 register are clear. There are certain conditions where an ACK will not be sent by the slave. If the BF bit of the SSPxSTAT register or the SSPOV bit of the SSPxCON1 register are set when a byte is received. When the module is addressed, after the eighth falling edge of SCL on the bus, the ACKTIM bit of the SSPxCON3 register is set. The ACKTIM bit indicates the acknowledge time of the active bus. The ACKTIM Status bit is only active when the AHEN bit or DHEN bit is enabled. I2C SLAVE MODE OPERATION The MSSP Slave mode operates in one of four modes selected by the SSPM bits of SSPxCON1 register. The modes can be divided into 7-bit and 10-bit Addressing mode. 10-bit Addressing modes operate the same as 7-bit with some additional overhead for handling the larger addresses. Modes with Start and Stop bit interrupts operate the same as the other modes with SSPxIF additionally getting set upon detection of a Start, Restart, or Stop condition. 29.5.1 SLAVE MODE ADDRESSES The SSPxADD register (Register 29-6) contains the Slave mode address. The first byte received after a Start or Restart condition is compared against the value stored in this register. If the byte matches, the value is loaded into the SSPxBUF register and an interrupt is generated. If the value does not match, the module goes idle and no indication is given to the software that anything happened. The SSP Mask register (Register 29-5) affects the address matching process. See Section 29.5.9 “SSP Mask Register” for more information. 29.5.1.1 I2C Slave 7-bit Addressing Mode In 7-bit Addressing mode, the LSb of the received data byte is ignored when determining if there is an address match. 29.5.1.2 I2C Slave 10-bit Addressing Mode In 10-bit Addressing mode, the first received byte is compared to the binary value of ‘1 1 1 1 0 A9 A8 0’. A9 and A8 are the two MSb’s of the 10-bit address and stored in bits 2 and 1 of the SSPxADD register. After the acknowledge of the high byte the UA bit is set and SCL is held low until the user updates SSPxADD with the low address. The low address byte is clocked in and all eight bits are compared to the low address value in SSPxADD. Even if there is not an address match; SSPIF and UA are set, and SCL is held low until SSPxADD is updated to receive a high byte again. When SSPxADD is updated the UA bit is cleared. This ensures the module is ready to receive the high address byte on the next communication. A high and low address match as a write request is required at the start of all 10-bit addressing communication. A transmission can be initiated by issuing a Restart once the slave is addressed, and clocking in the high address with the R/W bit set. The slave hardware will then acknowledge the read request and prepare to clock out data. This is only valid for a slave after it has received a complete high and low address byte match. DS40001795B-page 326 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 29.5.2 SLAVE RECEPTION 29.5.2.2 When the R/W bit of a matching received address byte is clear, the R/W bit of the SSPxSTAT register is cleared. The received address is loaded into the SSPxBUF register and acknowledged. When the Overflow condition exists for a received address, then not Acknowledge is given. An Overflow condition is defined as either bit BF of the SSPxSTAT register is set, or bit SSPOV of the SSPxCON1 register is set. The BOEN bit of the SSPxCON3 register modifies this operation. For more information see Register 29-4. An MSSP interrupt is generated for each transferred data byte. Flag bit, SSPxIF, must be cleared by software. When the SEN bit of the SSPxCON2 register is set, SCL will be held low (clock stretch) following each received byte. The clock must be released by setting the CKP bit of the SSPxCON1 register, except sometimes in 10-bit mode. See Section 29.5.6.2 “10-bit Addressing Mode” for more detail. 29.5.2.1 7-bit Addressing Reception This section describes a standard sequence of events for the MSSPx module configured as an I2C slave in 7-bit Addressing mode. Figure 29-14 and Figure 29-15 is used as a visual reference for this description. This is a step-by-step process of what typically must be done to accomplish I2C communication. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. Start bit detected. S bit of SSPxSTAT is set; SSPxIF is set if interrupt on Start detect is enabled. Matching address with R/W bit clear is received. The slave pulls SDA low sending an ACK to the master, and sets SSPxIF bit. Software clears the SSPxIF bit. Software reads received address from SSPxBUF clearing the BF flag. If SEN = 1; Slave software sets CKP bit to release the SCL line. The master clocks out a data byte. Slave drives SDA low sending an ACK to the master, and sets SSPxIF bit. Software clears SSPxIF. Software reads the received byte from SSPxBUF clearing BF. Steps 8-12 are repeated for all received bytes from the master. Master sends Stop condition, setting P bit of SSPxSTAT, and the bus goes idle. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. 7-bit Reception with AHEN and DHEN Slave device reception with AHEN and DHEN set operate the same as without these options with extra interrupts and clock stretching added after the eighth falling edge of SCL. These additional interrupts allow the slave software to decide whether it wants to ACK the receive address or data byte, rather than the hardware. This functionality adds support for PMBus™ that was not present on previous versions of this module. This list describes the steps that need to be taken by slave software to use these options for I2C communication. Figure 29-16 displays a module using both address and data holding. Figure 29-17 includes the operation with the SEN bit of the SSPxCON2 register set. 1. S bit of SSPxSTAT is set; SSPxIF is set if interrupt on Start detect is enabled. 2. Matching address with R/W bit clear is clocked in. SSPxIF is set and CKP cleared after the eighth falling edge of SCL. 3. Slave clears the SSPxIF. 4. Slave can look at the ACKTIM bit of the SSPxCON3 register to determine if the SSPxIF was after or before the ACK. 5. Slave reads the address value from SSPxBUF, clearing the BF flag. 6. Slave sets ACK value clocked out to the master by setting ACKDT. 7. Slave releases the clock by setting CKP. 8. SSPxIF is set after an ACK, not after a NACK. 9. If SEN = 1 the slave hardware will stretch the clock after the ACK. 10. Slave clears SSPxIF. Note: SSPxIF is still set after the ninth falling edge of SCL even if there is no clock stretching and BF has been cleared. Only if NACK is sent to master is SSPIF not set 11. SSPxIF set and CKP cleared after eighth falling edge of SCL for a received data byte. 12. Slave looks at ACKTIM bit of SSPxCON3 to determine the source of the interrupt. 13. Slave reads the received data from SSPxBUF clearing BF. 14. Steps 7-14 are the same for each received data byte. 15. Communication is ended by either the slave sending an ACK = 1, or the master sending a Stop condition. If a Stop is sent and Interrupt on Stop Detect is disabled, the slave will only know by polling the P bit of the SSPxSTAT register. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 327 DS40001795B-page 328 Preliminary SSPOV BF SSPxIF S 1 A7 2 A6 3 A5 4 A4 5 A3 6 A2 7 A1 8 9 ACK 1 D7 2 D6 4 D4 5 D3 6 D2 7 D1 SSPxBUF is read Cleared by software 3 D5 Receiving Data 8 9 2 D6 First byte of data is available in SSPxBUF 1 D0 ACK D7 4 D4 5 D3 6 D2 7 D1 SSPOV set because SSPxBUF is still full. ACK is not sent. Cleared by software 3 D5 Receiving Data From Slave to Master 8 D0 9 P SSPxIF set on 9th falling edge of SCL ACK = 1 FIGURE 29-14: SCL SDA Receiving Address Bus Master sends Stop condition PIC16(L)F18325/18345 I2C™ SLAVE, 7-BIT ADDRESS, RECEPTION (SEN = 0, AHEN = 0, DHEN = 0) 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary CKP SSPOV BF SSPxIF 1 SCL S A7 2 A6 3 A5 4 A4 5 A3 6 A2 7 A1 8 9 R/W=0 ACK SEN 2 D6 3 D5 4 D4 5 D3 6 D2 7 D1 8 D0 CKP is written to ‘1’ in software, releasing SCL SSPxBUF is read Cleared by software Clock is held low until CKP is set to ‘1’ 1 D7 Receive Data 9 ACK SEN 3 D5 4 D4 5 D3 First byte of data is available in SSPxBUF 6 D2 7 D1 SSPOV set because SSPxBUF is still full. ACK is not sent. Cleared by software 2 D6 CKP is written to ‘1’ in software, releasing SCL 1 D7 Receive Data 8 D0 9 ACK SCL is not held low because ACK= 1 SSPxIF set on 9th falling edge of SCL P FIGURE 29-15: SDA Receive Address Bus Master sends Stop condition PIC16(L)F18325/18345 I2C™ SLAVE, 7-BIT ADDRESS, RECEPTION (SEN = 1, AHEN = 0, DHEN = 0) DS40001795B-page 329 DS40001795B-page 330 Preliminary P S ACKTIM CKP ACKDT BF SSPxIF S Receiving Address 1 3 5 6 7 8 ACK the received byte Slave software clears ACKDT to Address is read from SSPxBUF If AHEN = 1: SSPIF is set 4 ACKTIM set by hardware on 8th falling edge of SCL When AHEN=1: CKP is cleared by hardware and SCL is stretched 2 A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 Receiving Data 9 2 3 4 5 6 7 ACKTIM cleared by hardware in 9th rising edge of SCL When DHEN = 1: CKP is cleared by hardware on 8th falling edge of SCL SSPxIF is set on 9th falling edge of SCL, after ACK 1 8 ACK D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 Received Data 1 2 4 5 6 ACKTIM set by hardware on 8th falling edge of SCL CKP set by software, SCL is released 8 Slave software sets ACKDT to not ACK 7 Cleared by software 3 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 Data is read from SSPxBUF 9 ACK 9 P No interrupt after not ACK from Slave ACK=1 Master sends Stop condition FIGURE 29-16: SCL SDA Master Releases SDA to slave for ACK sequence PIC16(L)F18325/18345 I2C™ SLAVE, 7-BIT ADDRESS, RECEPTION (SEN = 0, AHEN = 1, DHEN = 1) 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary P S ACKTIM CKP ACKDT BF SSPxIF S Receiving Address 4 5 6 7 8 When AHEN = 1; on the 8th falling edge of SCL of an address byte, CKP is cleared Slave software clears ACKDT to ACK the received byte Received address is loaded into SSPxBUF 2 3 ACKTIM is set by hardware on 8th falling edge of SCL 1 A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 9 ACK Receive Data 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 ACKTIM is cleared by hardware on 9th rising edge of SCL When DHEN = 1; on the 8th falling edge of SCL of a received data byte, CKP is cleared Received data is available on SSPxBUF Cleared by software 1 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 9 ACK Receive Data 1 3 4 5 6 7 8 Set by software, release SCL Slave sends not ACK SSPxBUF can be read any time before next byte is loaded 2 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 9 ACK CKP is not cleared if not ACK No interrupt after if not ACK from Slave P Master sends Stop condition FIGURE 29-17: SCL SDA R/W = 0 Master releases SDA to slave for ACK sequence PIC16(L)F18325/18345 I2C™ SLAVE, 7-BIT ADDRESS, RECEPTION (SEN = 1, AHEN = 1, DHEN = 1) DS40001795B-page 331 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 29.5.3 SLAVE TRANSMISSION 29.5.3.2 7-bit Transmission When the R/W bit of the incoming address byte is set and an address match occurs, the R/W bit of the SSPxSTAT register is set. The received address is loaded into the SSPxBUF register, and an ACK pulse is sent by the slave on the ninth bit. A master device can transmit a read request to a slave, and then clock data out of the slave. The list below outlines what software for a slave will need to do to accomplish a standard transmission. Figure 29-18 can be used as a reference to this list. Following the ACK, slave hardware clears the CKP bit and the SCL pin is held low (see Section 29.5.6 “Clock Stretching” for more detail). By stretching the clock, the master will be unable to assert another clock pulse until the slave is done preparing the transmit data. 1. The transmit data must be loaded into the SSPxBUF register which also loads the SSPxSR register. Then the SCL pin should be released by setting the CKP bit of the SSPxCON1 register. The eight data bits are shifted out on the falling edge of the SCL input. This ensures that the SDA signal is valid during the SCL high time. The ACK pulse from the master-receiver is latched on the rising edge of the ninth SCL input pulse. This ACK value is copied to the ACKSTAT bit of the SSPxCON2 register. If ACKSTAT is set (not ACK), then the data transfer is complete. In this case, when the not ACK is latched by the slave, the slave goes idle and waits for another occurrence of the Start bit. If the SDA line was low (ACK), the next transmit data must be loaded into the SSPxBUF register. Again, the SCL pin must be released by setting bit CKP. An MSSP interrupt is generated for each data transfer byte. The SSPxIF bit must be cleared by software and the SSPxSTAT register is used to determine the status of the byte. The SSPxIF bit is set on the falling edge of the ninth clock pulse. 29.5.3.1 Slave Mode Bus Collision A slave receives a Read request and begins shifting data out on the SDA line. If a bus collision is detected and the SBCDE bit of the SSPxCON3 register is set, the BCLIF bit of the PIR register is set. Once a bus collision is detected, the slave goes idle and waits to be addressed again. User software can use the BCLIF bit to handle a slave bus collision. DS40001795B-page 332 Master sends a Start condition on SDA and SCL. 2. S bit of SSPxSTAT is set; SSPxIF is set if interrupt on Start detect is enabled. 3. Matching address with R/W bit set is received by the Slave setting SSPxIF bit. 4. Slave hardware generates an ACK and sets SSPxIF. 5. SSPxIF bit is cleared by user. 6. Software reads the received address from SSPxBUF, clearing BF. 7. R/W is set so CKP was automatically cleared after the ACK. 8. The slave software loads the transmit data into SSPxBUF. 9. CKP bit is set releasing SCL, allowing the master to clock the data out of the slave. 10. SSPxIF is set after the ACK response from the master is loaded into the ACKSTAT register. 11. SSPxIF bit is cleared. 12. The slave software checks the ACKSTAT bit to see if the master wants to clock out more data. Note 1: If the master ACKs the clock will be stretched. 2: ACKSTAT is the only bit updated on the rising edge of SCL (9th) rather than the falling. 13. Steps 9-13 are repeated for each transmitted byte. 14. If the master sends a not ACK; the clock is not held, but SSPxIF is still set. 15. The master sends a Restart condition or a Stop. 16. The slave is no longer addressed. Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary P S D/A R/W ACKSTAT CKP BF SSPxIF S Receiving Address 1 2 5 6 7 8 Indicates an address has been received R/W is copied from the matching address byte 9 R/W = 1 Automatic ACK Received address is read from SSPxBUF 4 When R/W is set SCL is always held low after 9th SCL falling edge 3 A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 Transmitting Data Automatic 2 3 4 5 Set by software Data to transmit is loaded into SSPxBUF Cleared by software 1 6 7 8 9 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 ACK Transmitting Data 2 3 4 5 7 8 CKP is not held for not ACK 6 Masters not ACK is copied to ACKSTAT BF is automatically cleared after 8th falling edge of SCL 1 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 9 ACK P FIGURE 29-18: SCL SDA Master sends Stop condition PIC16(L)F18325/18345 I2C™ SLAVE, 7-BIT ADDRESS, TRANSMISSION (AHEN = 0) DS40001795B-page 333 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 29.5.3.3 7-bit Transmission with Address Hold Enabled Setting the AHEN bit of the SSPxCON3 register enables additional clock stretching and interrupt generation after the eighth falling edge of a received matching address. Once a matching address has been clocked in, CKP is cleared and the SSPxIF interrupt is set. Figure 29-19 displays a standard waveform of a 7-bit address slave transmission with AHEN enabled. 1. 2. Bus starts Idle. Master sends Start condition; the S bit of SSPxSTAT is set; SSPxIF is set if interrupt on Start detect is enabled. 3. Master sends matching address with R/W bit set. After the eighth falling edge of the SCL line the CKP bit is cleared and SSPxIF interrupt is generated. 4. Slave software clears SSPxIF. 5. Slave software reads ACKTIM bit of SSPxCON3 register, and R/W and D/A of the SSPxSTAT register to determine the source of the interrupt. 6. Slave reads the address value from the SSPxBUF register clearing the BF bit. 7. Slave software decides from this information if it wishes to ACK or not ACK and sets the ACKDT bit of the SSPxCON2 register accordingly. 8. Slave sets the CKP bit releasing SCL. 9. Master clocks in the ACK value from the slave. 10. Slave hardware automatically clears the CKP bit and sets SSPxIF after the ACK if the R/W bit is set. 11. Slave software clears SSPxIF. 12. Slave loads value to transmit to the master into SSPxBUF setting the BF bit. Note: SSPxBUF cannot be loaded until after the ACK. 13. Slave sets the CKP bit releasing the clock. 14. Master clocks out the data from the slave and sends an ACK value on the ninth SCL pulse. 15. Slave hardware copies the ACK value into the ACKSTAT bit of the SSPxCON2 register. 16. Steps 10-15 are repeated for each byte transmitted to the master from the slave. 17. If the master sends a not ACK the slave releases the bus allowing the master to send a Stop and end the communication. Note: Master must send a not ACK on the last byte to ensure that the slave releases the SCL line to receive a Stop. DS40001795B-page 334 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary D/A R/W ACKTIM CKP ACKSTAT ACKDT BF SSPxIF S Receiving Address 2 4 5 6 7 8 Slave clears ACKDT to ACK address ACKTIM is set on 8th falling edge of SCL 9 ACK When R/W = 1; CKP is always cleared after ACK R/W = 1 Received address is read from SSPxBUF 3 When AHEN = 1; CKP is cleared by hardware after receiving matching address. 1 A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 3 4 5 6 Cleared by software 2 Set by software, releases SCL Data to transmit is loaded into SSPxBUF 1 7 8 9 Transmitting Data Automatic D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 ACK ACKTIM is cleared on 9th rising edge of SCL Automatic Transmitting Data 1 3 4 5 6 7 after not ACK CKP not cleared Master’s ACK response is copied to SSPxSTAT BF is automatically cleared after 8th falling edge of SCL 2 8 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 9 ACK P Master sends Stop condition FIGURE 29-19: SCL SDA Master releases SDA to slave for ACK sequence PIC16(L)F18325/18345 I2C™ SLAVE, 7-BIT ADDRESS, TRANSMISSION (AHEN = 1) DS40001795B-page 335 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 29.5.4 SLAVE MODE 10-BIT ADDRESS RECEPTION 29.5.5 This section describes a standard sequence of events for the MSSPx module configured as an I2C slave in 10-bit Addressing mode. Figure 29-20 is used as a visual reference for this description. This is a step-by-step process of what must be done by slave software to accomplish I2C communication. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Bus starts Idle. Master sends Start condition; S bit of SSPxSTAT is set; SSPxIF is set if interrupt on Start detect is enabled. Master sends matching high address with R/W bit clear; UA bit of the SSPxSTAT register is set. Slave sends ACK and SSPxIF is set. Software clears the SSPxIF bit. Software reads received address from SSPxBUF clearing the BF flag. Slave loads low address into SSPxADD, releasing SCL. Master sends matching low address byte to the slave; UA bit is set. 10-BIT ADDRESSING WITH ADDRESS OR DATA HOLD Reception using 10-bit addressing with AHEN or DHEN set is the same as with 7-bit modes. The only difference is the need to update the SSPxADD register using the UA bit. All functionality, specifically when the CKP bit is cleared and SCL line is held low are the same. Figure 29-21 can be used as a reference of a slave in 10-bit addressing with AHEN set. Figure 29-22 shows a standard waveform for a slave transmitter in 10-bit Addressing mode. Note: Updates to the SSPxADD register are not allowed until after the ACK sequence. 9. Slave sends ACK and SSPxIF is set. Note: If the low address does not match, SSPxIF and UA are still set so that the slave software can set SSPxADD back to the high address. BF is not set because there is no match. CKP is unaffected. 10. Slave clears SSPxIF. 11. Slave reads the received matching address from SSPxBUF clearing BF. 12. Slave loads high address into SSPxADD. 13. Master clocks a data byte to the slave and clocks out the slaves ACK on the ninth SCL pulse; SSPxIF is set. 14. If SEN bit of SSPxCON2 is set, CKP is cleared by hardware and the clock is stretched. 15. Slave clears SSPxIF. 16. Slave reads the received byte from SSPxBUF clearing BF. 17. If SEN is set the slave sets CKP to release the SCL. 18. Steps 13-17 repeat for each received byte. 19. Master sends Stop to end the transmission. DS40001795B-page 336 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary CKP UA BF SSPxIF S 1 1 2 1 5 6 7 0 A9 A8 8 Set by hardware on 9th falling edge 4 1 When UA = 1; SCL is held low 9 ACK If address matches SSPxADD it is loaded into SSPxBUF 3 1 Receive First Address Byte 1 3 4 5 6 7 8 Software updates SSPxADD and releases SCL 2 9 A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0 ACK Receive Second Address Byte 1 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 3 4 5 6 7 Data is read from SSPxBUF SCL is held low while CKP = 0 2 8 9 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 ACK Receive Data Set by software, When SEN = 1; releasing SCL CKP is cleared after 9th falling edge of received byte Receive address is read from SSPxBUF Cleared by software 2 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 ACK Receive Data P FIGURE 29-20: SCL SDA Master sends Stop condition PIC16(L)F18325/18345 I2C™ SLAVE, 10-BIT ADDRESS, RECEPTION (SEN = 1, AHEN = 0, DHEN = 0) DS40001795B-page 337 DS40001795B-page 338 Preliminary ACKTIM CKP UA ACKDT BF 2 1 5 0 6 A9 7 A8 Set by hardware on 9th falling edge 4 1 ACKTIM is set by hardware on 8th falling edge of SCL If when AHEN = 1; on the 8th falling edge of SCL of an address byte, CKP is cleared Slave software clears ACKDT to ACK the received byte 3 1 8 R/W = 0 9 ACK UA 2 A6 3 A5 4 A4 5 A3 6 A2 7 A1 Update to SSPxADD is not allowed until 9th falling edge of SCL SSPxBUF can be read anytime before the next received byte Cleared by software 1 A7 Receive Second Address Byte 8 A0 9 ACK UA 2 D6 3 D5 4 D4 6 D2 Set CKP with software releases SCL 7 D1 Update of SSPxADD, clears UA and releases SCL 5 D3 Receive Data Cleared by software 1 D7 8 9 2 Received data is read from SSPxBUF 1 D6 D5 Receive Data D0 ACK D7 FIGURE 29-21: SSPxIF 1 SCL S 1 SDA Receive First Address Byte PIC16(L)F18325/18345 I2C™ SLAVE, 10-BIT ADDRESS, RECEPTION (SEN = 0, AHEN = 1, DHEN = 0) 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary D/A R/W ACKSTAT CKP UA BF SSPxIF 4 5 6 7 Set by hardware 3 Indicates an address has been received UA indicates SSPxADD must be updated SSPxBUF loaded with received address 2 8 9 1 SCL S Receiving Address R/W = 0 1 1 1 1 0 A9 A8 ACK 1 3 4 5 6 7 8 After SSPxADD is updated, UA is cleared and SCL is released Cleared by software 2 9 A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0 ACK Receiving Second Address Byte 1 4 5 6 7 8 Set by hardware 2 3 R/W is copied from the matching address byte When R/W = 1; CKP is cleared on 9th falling edge of SCL High address is loaded back into SSPxADD Received address is read from SSPxBUF Sr 1 1 1 1 0 A9 A8 Receive First Address Byte 9 ACK 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Masters not ACK is copied Set by software releases SCL Data to transmit is loaded into SSPxBUF 1 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 Transmitting Data Byte 9 P Master sends Stop condition ACK = 1 Master sends not ACK FIGURE 29-22: SDA Master sends Restart event PIC16(L)F18325/18345 I2C™ SLAVE, 10-BIT ADDRESS, TRANSMISSION (SEN = 0, AHEN = 0, DHEN = 0) DS40001795B-page 339 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 29.5.6 CLOCK STRETCHING 29.5.6.2 Clock stretching occurs when a device on the bus holds the SCL line low, effectively pausing communication. The slave may stretch the clock to allow more time to handle data or prepare a response for the master device. A master device is not concerned with stretching as anytime it is active on the bus and not transferring data it is stretching. Any stretching done by a slave is invisible to the master software and handled by the hardware that generates SCL. The CKP bit of the SSPxCON1 register is used to control stretching in software. Any time the CKP bit is cleared, the module will wait for the SCL line to go low and then hold it. Setting CKP will release SCL and allow more communication. 29.5.6.1 Normal Clock Stretching Following an ACK if the R/W bit of SSPxSTAT is set, a read request, the slave hardware will clear CKP. This allows the slave time to update SSPxBUF with data to transfer to the master. If the SEN bit of SSPxCON2 is set, the slave hardware will always stretch the clock after the ACK sequence. Once the slave is ready; CKP is set by software and communication resumes. Note 1: The BF bit has no effect on if the clock will be stretched or not. This is different than previous versions of the module that would not stretch the clock, clear CKP, if SSPxBUF was read before the ninth falling edge of SCL. 2: Previous versions of the module did not stretch the clock for a transmission if SSPxBUF was loaded before the ninth falling edge of SCL. It is now always cleared for read requests. FIGURE 29-23: 10-bit Addressing Mode In 10-bit Addressing mode, when the UA bit is set the clock is always stretched. This is the only time the SCL is stretched without CKP being cleared. SCL is released immediately after a write to SSPxADD. Note: Previous versions of the module did not stretch the clock if the second address byte did not match. 29.5.6.3 Byte NACKing When AHEN bit of SSPxCON3 is set; CKP is cleared by hardware after the eighth falling edge of SCL for a received matching address byte. When DHEN bit of SSPxCON3 is set; CKP is cleared after the eighth falling edge of SCL for received data. Stretching after the eighth falling edge of SCL allows the slave to look at the received address or data and decide if it wants to ACK the received data. 29.5.7 CLOCK SYNCHRONIZATION AND THE CKP BIT Any time the CKP bit is cleared, the module will wait for the SCL line to go low and then hold it. However, clearing the CKP bit will not assert the SCL output low until the SCL output is already sampled low. Therefore, the CKP bit will not assert the SCL line until an external I2C master device has already asserted the SCL line. The SCL output will remain low until the CKP bit is set and all other devices on the I2C bus have released SCL. This ensures that a write to the CKP bit will not violate the minimum high time requirement for SCL (see Figure 29-23). CLOCK SYNCHRONIZATION TIMING Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 SDA DX ‚ – 1 DX SCL CKP Master device asserts clock Master device releases clock WR SSPxCON1 DS40001795B-page 340 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 29.5.8 GENERAL CALL ADDRESS SUPPORT the R/W bit clear, an interrupt is generated and slave software can read SSPxBUF and respond. Figure 29-24 shows a general call reception sequence. The addressing procedure for the I2C bus is such that the first byte after the Start condition usually determines which device will be the slave addressed by the master device. The exception is the general call address which can address all devices. When this address is used, all devices should, in theory, respond with an acknowledge. In 10-bit Address mode, the UA bit will not be set on the reception of the general call address. The slave will prepare to receive the second byte as data, just as it would in 7-bit mode. If the AHEN bit of the SSPxCON3 register is set, just as with any other address reception, the slave hardware will stretch the clock after the eighth falling edge of SCL. The slave must then set its ACKDT value and release the clock with communication progressing as it would normally. The general call address is a reserved address in the I2C protocol, defined as address 0x00. When the GCEN bit of the SSPxCON2 register is set, the slave module will automatically ACK the reception of this address regardless of the value stored in SSPxADD. After the slave clocks in an address of all zeros with FIGURE 29-24: SLAVE MODE GENERAL CALL ADDRESS SEQUENCE Address is compared to General Call Address after ACK, set interrupt R/W = 0 ACK D7 General Call Address SDA SCL S 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 Receiving Data ACK D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 SSPxIF BF (SSPxSTAT<0>) Cleared by software SSPxBUF is read GCEN (SSPxCON2<7>) ’1’ 29.5.9 SSP MASK REGISTER An SSP Mask (SSPMSK) register (Register 29-5) is available in I2C Slave mode as a mask for the value held in the SSPxSR register during an address comparison operation. A zero (‘0’) bit in the SSPxMSK register has the effect of making the corresponding bit of the received address a “don’t care”. This register is reset to all ‘1’s upon any Reset condition and, therefore, has no effect on standard SSP operation until written with a mask value. The SSP Mask register is active during: • 7-bit Address mode: address compare of A<7:1>. • 10-bit Address mode: address compare of A<7:0> only. The SSP mask has no effect during the reception of the first (high) byte of the address. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 341 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 29.6 I2C Master Mode 29.6.1 I2C MASTER MODE OPERATION Master mode is enabled by setting and clearing the appropriate SSPM<3:0> bits in the SSPxCON1 register and by setting the SSPEN bit. In Master mode, the SDA and SCK pins must be configured as inputs. The MSSP peripheral hardware will override the output driver TRIS controls when necessary to drive the pins low. The master device generates all of the serial clock pulses and the Start and Stop conditions. A transfer is ended with a Stop condition or with a Repeated Start condition. Since the Repeated Start condition is also the beginning of the next serial transfer, the I2C bus will not be released. Master mode of operation is supported by interrupt generation on the detection of the Start and Stop conditions. The Stop (P) and Start (S) bits are cleared from a Reset or when the MSSPx module is disabled. Control of the I 2C bus may be taken when the P bit is set, or the bus is Idle. In Master Transmitter mode, serial data is output through SDA, while SCL outputs the serial clock. The first byte transmitted contains the slave address of the receiving device (7 bits) and the Read/Write (R/W) bit. In this case, the R/W bit will be logic ‘0’. Serial data is transmitted eight bits at a time. After each byte is transmitted, an Acknowledge bit is received. Start and Stop conditions are output to indicate the beginning and the end of a serial transfer. In Firmware Controlled Master mode, user code conducts all I 2C bus operations based on Start and Stop bit condition detection. Start and Stop condition detection is the only active circuitry in this mode. All other communication is done by the user software directly manipulating the SDA and SCL lines. The following events will cause the SSP Interrupt Flag bit, SSPxIF, to be set (SSP interrupt, if enabled): • • • • • Start condition detected Stop condition detected Data transfer byte transmitted/received Acknowledge transmitted/received Repeated Start generated Note 1: The MSSPx module, when configured in I2C™ Master mode, does not allow queuing of events. For instance, the user is not allowed to initiate a Start condition and immediately write the SSPxBUF register to initiate transmission before the Start condition is complete. In this case, the SSPxBUF will not be written to and the WCOL bit will be set, indicating that a write to the SSPxBUF did not occur In Master Receive mode, the first byte transmitted contains the slave address of the transmitting device (7 bits) and the R/W bit. In this case, the R/W bit will be logic ‘1’. Thus, the first byte transmitted is a 7-bit slave address followed by a ‘1’ to indicate the receive bit. Serial data is received via SDA, while SCL outputs the serial clock. Serial data is received eight bits at a time. After each byte is received, an Acknowledge bit is transmitted. Start and Stop conditions indicate the beginning and end of transmission. A Baud Rate Generator is used to set the clock frequency output on SCL. See Section 29.7 “Baud Rate Generator” for more detail. 2: When in Master mode, Start/Stop detection is masked and an interrupt is generated when the SEN/PEN bit is cleared and the generation is complete. DS40001795B-page 342 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 29.6.2 CLOCK ARBITRATION Clock arbitration occurs when the master, during any receive, transmit or Repeated Start/Stop condition, releases the SCL pin (SCL allowed to float high). When the SCL pin is allowed to float high, the Baud Rate Generator (BRG) is suspended from counting until the FIGURE 29-25: SCL pin is actually sampled high. When the SCL pin is sampled high, the Baud Rate Generator is reloaded with the contents of SSPxADD<7:0> and begins counting. This ensures that the SCL high time will always be at least one BRG rollover count in the event that the clock is held low by an external device (Figure 29-25). BAUD RATE GENERATOR TIMING WITH CLOCK ARBITRATION SDA DX ‚ – 1 DX SCL deasserted but slave holds SCL low (clock arbitration) SCL allowed to transition high SCL BRG decrements on Q2 and Q4 cycles BRG Value 03h 02h 01h 00h (hold off) 03h 02h SCL is sampled high, reload takes place and BRG starts its count BRG Reload 29.6.3 WCOL STATUS FLAG If the user writes the SSPxBUF when a Start, Restart, Stop, Receive or Transmit sequence is in progress, the WCOL is set and the contents of the buffer are unchanged (the write does not occur). Any time the WCOL bit is set it indicates that an action on SSPxBUF was attempted while the module was not idle. Note: Because queuing of events is not allowed, writing to the lower five bits of SSPxCON2 is disabled until the Start condition is complete. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 343 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 29.6.4 I2C MASTER MODE START CONDITION TIMING To initiate a Start condition (Figure 29-26), the user sets the Start Enable bit, SEN bit of the SSPxCON2 register. If the SDA and SCL pins are sampled high, the Baud Rate Generator is reloaded with the contents of SSPxADD<7:0> and starts its count. If SCL and SDA are both sampled high when the Baud Rate Generator times out (TBRG), the SDA pin is driven low. The action of the SDA being driven low while SCL is high is the Start condition and causes the S bit of the SSPxSTAT register to be set. Following this, the Baud Rate Generator is reloaded with the contents of SSPxADD<7:0> and resumes its count. When the Baud Rate Generator times out (TBRG), the SEN bit of the SSPxCON2 register will be automatically cleared by hardware; the Baud Rate Generator is suspended, leaving the SDA line held low and the Start condition is complete. Note 1: If at the beginning of the Start condition, the SDA and SCL pins are already sampled low, or if during the Start condition, the SCL line is sampled low before the SDA line is driven low, a bus collision occurs, the Bus Collision Interrupt Flag, BCLIF, is set, the Start condition is aborted and the I2C™ module is reset into its Idle state. 2: The Philips I2C specification states that a bus collision cannot occur on a Start. FIGURE 29-26: FIRST START BIT TIMING Set S bit (SSPxSTAT<3>) Write to SEN bit occurs here At completion of Start bit, hardware clears SEN bit and sets SSPxIF bit SDA = 1, SCL = 1 TBRG TBRG Write to SSPxBUF occurs here SDA 1st bit 2nd bit TBRG SCL S DS40001795B-page 344 Preliminary TBRG 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 29.6.5 I2C MASTER MODE REPEATED START CONDITION TIMING A Repeated Start condition (Figure 29-27) occurs when the RSEN bit of the SSPxCON2 register is programmed high and the master state machine is no longer active. When the RSEN bit is set, the SCL pin is asserted low. When the SCL pin is sampled low, the Baud Rate Generator is loaded and begins counting. The SDA pin is released (brought high) for one Baud Rate Generator count (TBRG). When the Baud Rate Generator times out, if SDA is sampled high, the SCL pin will be deasserted (brought high). When SCL is sampled high, the Baud Rate Generator is reloaded and begins counting. SDA and SCL must be sampled high for one TBRG. This action is then followed by assertion of the SDA pin (SDA = 0) for one TBRG while SCL is high. SCL is asserted low. Following this, the RSEN bit of the SSPxCON2 register will be automatically cleared and the Baud Rate Generator will not be reloaded, leaving the SDA pin held low. As soon as a Start condition is detected on the SDA and SCL pins, the S bit of the SSPxSTAT register will be set. The SSPxIF bit will not be set until the Baud Rate Generator has timed out. Note 1: If RSEN is programmed while any other event is in progress, it will not take effect. 2: A bus collision during the Repeated Start condition occurs if: • SDA is sampled low when SCL goes from low-to-high. • SCL goes low before SDA is asserted low. This may indicate that another master is attempting to transmit a data ‘1’. FIGURE 29-27: REPEATED START CONDITION WAVEFORM S bit set by hardware Write to SSPxCON2 occurs here SDA = 1, SCL (no change) At completion of Start bit, hardware clears RSEN bit and sets SSPxIF SDA = 1, SCL = 1 TBRG TBRG TBRG 1st bit SDA Write to SSPxBUF occurs here TBRG SCL Sr TBRG Repeated Start 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 345 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 29.6.6 I2C MASTER MODE TRANSMISSION 29.6.6.3 Transmission of a data byte, a 7-bit address or the other half of a 10-bit address is accomplished by simply writing a value to the SSPxBUF register. This action will set the Buffer Full flag bit, BF, and allow the Baud Rate Generator to begin counting and start the next transmission. Each bit of address/data will be shifted out onto the SDA pin after the falling edge of SCL is asserted. SCL is held low for one Baud Rate Generator rollover count (TBRG). Data should be valid before SCL is released high. When the SCL pin is released high, it is held that way for TBRG. The data on the SDA pin must remain stable for that duration and some hold time after the next falling edge of SCL. After the eighth bit is shifted out (the falling edge of the eighth clock), the BF flag is cleared and the master releases SDA. This allows the slave device being addressed to respond with an ACK bit during the ninth bit time if an address match occurred, or if data was received properly. The status of ACK is written into the ACKSTAT bit on the rising edge of the ninth clock. If the master receives an Acknowledge, the Acknowledge Status bit, ACKSTAT, is cleared. If not, the bit is set. After the ninth clock, the SSPIF bit is set and the master clock (Baud Rate Generator) is suspended until the next data byte is loaded into the SSPxBUF, leaving SCL low and SDA unchanged (Figure 29-28). After the write to the SSPxBUF, each bit of the address will be shifted out on the falling edge of SCL until all seven address bits and the R/W bit are completed. On the falling edge of the eighth clock, the master will release the SDA pin, allowing the slave to respond with an Acknowledge. On the falling edge of the ninth clock, the master will sample the SDA pin to see if the address was recognized by a slave. The status of the ACK bit is loaded into the ACKSTAT Status bit of the SSPxCON2 register. Following the falling edge of the ninth clock transmission of the address, the SSPxIF is set, the BF flag is cleared and the Baud Rate Generator is turned off until another write to the SSPxBUF takes place, holding SCL low and allowing SDA to float. 29.6.6.1 ACKSTAT Status Flag In Transmit mode, the ACKSTAT bit of the SSPxCON2 register is cleared when the slave has sent an Acknowledge (ACK = 0) and is set when the slave does not Acknowledge (ACK = 1). A slave sends an Acknowledge when it has recognized its address (including a general call), or when the slave has properly received its data. 29.6.6.4 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. BF Status Flag Typical Transmit Sequence The user generates a Start condition by setting the SEN bit of the SSPxCON2 register. SSPxIF is set by hardware on completion of the Start. SSPxIF is cleared by software. The MSSPx module will wait the required start time before any other operation takes place. The user loads the SSPxBUF with the slave address to transmit. Address is shifted out the SDA pin until all eight bits are transmitted. Transmission begins as soon as SSPxBUF is written to. The MSSPx module shifts in the ACK bit from the slave device and writes its value into the ACKSTAT bit of the SSPxCON2 register. The MSSPx module generates an interrupt at the end of the ninth clock cycle by setting the SSPxIF bit. The user loads the SSPxBUF with eight bits of data. Data is shifted out the SDA pin until all eight bits are transmitted. The MSSPx module shifts in the ACK bit from the slave device and writes its value into the ACKSTAT bit of the SSPxCON2 register. Steps 8-11 are repeated for all transmitted data bytes. The user generates a Stop or Restart condition by setting the PEN or RSEN bits of the SSPxCON2 register. Interrupt is generated once the Stop/Restart condition is complete. In Transmit mode, the BF bit of the SSPxSTAT register is set when the CPU writes to SSPxBUF and is cleared when all eight bits are shifted out. 29.6.6.2 WCOL Status Flag If the user writes the SSPxBUF when a transmit is already in progress (i.e., SSPxSR is still shifting out a data byte), the WCOL bit is set and the contents of the buffer are unchanged (the write does not occur). WCOL must be cleared by software before the next transmission. DS40001795B-page 346 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. S Preliminary R/W PEN SEN BF (SSPxSTAT<0>) SSPxIF SCL SDA A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 3 4 5 Cleared by software 2 6 7 8 9 After Start condition, SEN cleared by hardware SSPxBUF written 1 D7 1 SCL held low while CPU responds to SSPxIF ACK = 0 R/W = 0 SSPxBUF written with 7-bit address and R/W start transmit A7 Transmit Address to Slave 3 D5 4 D4 5 D3 6 D2 7 D1 8 D0 SSPxBUF is written by software Cleared by software service routine from SSP interrupt 2 D6 Transmitting Data or Second Half of 10-bit Address P ACKSTAT in SSPxCON2 = 1 Cleared by software 9 ACK From slave, clear ACKSTAT bit SSPxCON2<6> FIGURE 29-28: SEN = 0 Write SSPxCON2<0> SEN = 1 Start condition begins PIC16(L)F18325/18345 I2C™ MASTER MODE WAVEFORM (TRANSMISSION, 7 OR 10-BIT ADDRESS) DS40001795B-page 347 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 29.6.7 I2C MASTER MODE RECEPTION 29.6.7.4 Master mode reception (Figure 29-29) is enabled by programming the Receive Enable bit, RCEN bit of the SSPxCON2 register. Note: The MSSPx module must be in an Idle state before the RCEN bit is set or the RCEN bit will be disregarded. The Baud Rate Generator begins counting and on each rollover, the state of the SCL pin changes (high-to-low/low-to-high) and data is shifted into the SSPxSR. After the falling edge of the eighth clock, the receive enable flag is automatically cleared, the contents of the SSPxSR are loaded into the SSPxBUF, the BF flag bit is set, the SSPxIF flag bit is set and the Baud Rate Generator is suspended from counting, holding SCL low. The MSSPx is now in Idle state awaiting the next command. When the buffer is read by the CPU, the BF flag bit is automatically cleared. The user can then send an Acknowledge bit at the end of reception by setting the Acknowledge Sequence Enable, ACKEN bit of the SSPxCON2 register. 29.6.7.1 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. BF Status Flag In receive operation, the BF bit is set when an address or data byte is loaded into SSPxBUF from SSPxSR. It is cleared when the SSPxBUF register is read. 29.6.7.2 1. 11. 12. SSPOV Status Flag In receive operation, the SSPOV bit is set when eight bits are received into the SSPxSR and the BF flag bit is already set from a previous reception. 13. 14. 29.6.7.3 15. WCOL Status Flag If the user writes the SSPxBUF when a receive is already in progress (i.e., SSPxSR is still shifting in a data byte), the WCOL bit is set and the contents of the buffer are unchanged (the write does not occur). DS40001795B-page 348 Preliminary Typical Receive Sequence: The user generates a Start condition by setting the SEN bit of the SSPxCON2 register. SSPxIF is set by hardware on completion of the Start. SSPxIF is cleared by software. User writes SSPxBUF with the slave address to transmit and the R/W bit set. Address is shifted out the SDA pin until all eight bits are transmitted. Transmission begins as soon as SSPxBUF is written to. The MSSPx module shifts in the ACK bit from the slave device and writes its value into the ACKSTAT bit of the SSPxCON2 register. The MSSPx module generates an interrupt at the end of the ninth clock cycle by setting the SSPxIF bit. User sets the RCEN bit of the SSPxCON2 register and the master clocks in a byte from the slave. After the eighth falling edge of SCL, SSPxIF and BF are set. Master clears SSPxIF and reads the received byte from SSPxBUF, clears BF. Master sets ACK value sent to slave in ACKDT bit of the SSPxCON2 register and initiates the ACK by setting the ACKEN bit. Master’s ACK is clocked out to the slave and SSPxIF is set. User clears SSPIF. Steps 8-13 are repeated for each received byte from the slave. Master sends a not ACK or Stop to end communication. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary RCEN ACKEN SSPOV BF (SSPxSTAT<0>) SDA = 0, SCL = 1 while CPU responds to SSPIF SSPxIF S 1 A7 2 4 5 6 Cleared by software 3 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 Transmit Address to Slave 7 8 9 ACK 2 3 5 6 7 8 D0 9 ACK 2 3 4 RCEN cleared automatically 5 6 7 Cleared by software Set SSPxIF interrupt at end of Acknowledge sequence Data shifted in on falling edge of CLK 1 ACK from Master SDA = ACKDT = 0 Cleared in software Set SSPIF at end of receive 9 ACK is not sent ACK P Set SSPxIF interrupt at end of Acknowledge sequence Bus master terminates transfer Set P bit (SSPxSTAT<4>) and SSPxIF PEN bit = 1 written here SSPOV is set because SSPxBUF is still full 8 D0 RCEN cleared automatically D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 RCEN cleared automatically Set ACKEN, start Acknowledge sequence SDA = ACKDT = 1 Receiving Data from Slave RCEN = 1, start next receive ACK from Master SDA = ACKDT = 0 Last bit is shifted into SSPxSR and contents are unloaded into SSPxBUF Cleared by software Set SSPxIF interrupt at end of receive 4 Cleared by software 1 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 Receiving Data from Slave RCEN cleared automatically Master configured as a receiver by programming SSPxCON2<3> (RCEN = 1) A1 R/W ACK from Slave Master configured as a receiver by programming SSPxCON2<3> (RCEN = 1) FIGURE 29-29: SCL SDA SEN = 0 Write to SSPBUF occurs here, start XMIT Write to SSPxCON2<0>(SEN = 1), begin Start condition Write to SSPxCON2<4> to start Acknowledge sequence SDA = ACKDT (SSPCON2<5>) = 0 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 I2C™ MASTER MODE WAVEFORM (RECEPTION, 7-BIT ADDRESS) DS40001795B-page 349 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 29.6.8 ACKNOWLEDGE SEQUENCE TIMING 29.6.9 A Stop bit is asserted on the SDA pin at the end of a receive/transmit by setting the Stop Sequence Enable bit, PEN bit of the SSPxCON2 register. At the end of a receive/transmit, the SCL line is held low after the falling edge of the ninth clock. When the PEN bit is set, the master will assert the SDA line low. When the SDA line is sampled low, the Baud Rate Generator is reloaded and counts down to ‘0’. When the Baud Rate Generator times out, the SCL pin will be brought high and one TBRG (Baud Rate Generator rollover count) later, the SDA pin will be deasserted. When the SDA pin is sampled high while SCL is high, the P bit of the SSPxSTAT register is set. A TBRG later, the PEN bit is cleared and the SSPxIF bit is set (Figure 29-31). An Acknowledge sequence is enabled by setting the Acknowledge Sequence Enable bit, ACKEN bit of the SSPxCON2 register. When this bit is set, the SCL pin is pulled low and the contents of the Acknowledge data bit are presented on the SDA pin. If the user wishes to generate an Acknowledge, then the ACKDT bit should be cleared. If not, the user should set the ACKDT bit before starting an Acknowledge sequence. The Baud Rate Generator then counts for one rollover period (TBRG) and the SCL pin is deasserted (pulled high). When the SCL pin is sampled high (clock arbitration), the Baud Rate Generator counts for TBRG. The SCL pin is then pulled low. Following this, the ACKEN bit is automatically cleared, the Baud Rate Generator is turned off and the MSSPx module then goes into Idle mode (Figure 29-30). 29.6.8.1 29.6.9.1 WCOL Status Flag If the user writes the SSPxBUF when a Stop sequence is in progress, then the WCOL bit is set and the contents of the buffer are unchanged (the write does not occur). WCOL Status Flag If the user writes the SSPxBUF when an Acknowledge sequence is in progress, then WCOL bit is set and the contents of the buffer are unchanged (the write does not occur). FIGURE 29-30: STOP CONDITION TIMING ACKNOWLEDGE SEQUENCE WAVEFORM Acknowledge sequence starts here, write to SSPxCON2 ACKEN = 1, ACKDT = 0 ACKEN automatically cleared TBRG TBRG SDA ACK D0 SCL 8 9 SSPxIF SSPxIF set at the end of receive Cleared in software SSPxIF set at the end of Acknowledge sequence Cleared in software Note: TBRG = one Baud Rate Generator period. FIGURE 29-31: STOP CONDITION RECEIVE OR TRANSMIT MODE SCL = 1 for TBRG, followed by SDA = 1 for TBRG after SDA sampled high. P bit (SSPxSTAT<4>) is set. Write to SSPxCON2, set PEN PEN bit (SSPxCON2<2>) is cleared by hardware and the SSPxIF bit is set Falling edge of 9th clock TBRG SCL SDA ACK P TBRG TBRG TBRG SCL brought high after TBRG SDA asserted low before rising edge of clock to setup Stop condition Note: TBRG = one Baud Rate Generator period. DS40001795B-page 350 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 29.6.10 SLEEP OPERATION 29.6.13 2 While in Sleep mode, the I C slave module can receive addresses or data and when an address match or complete byte transfer occurs, wake the processor from Sleep (if the MSSP interrupt is enabled). 29.6.11 EFFECTS OF A RESET A Reset disables the MSSPx module and terminates the current transfer. 29.6.12 MULTI-MASTER MODE In Multi-Master mode, the interrupt generation on the detection of the Start and Stop conditions allows the determination of when the bus is free. The Stop (P) and Start (S) bits are cleared from a Reset or when the MSSPx module is disabled. Control of the I 2C bus may be taken when the P bit of the SSPxSTAT register is set, or the bus is Idle, with both the S and P bits clear. When the bus is busy, enabling the SSP interrupt will generate the interrupt when the Stop condition occurs. In multi-master operation, the SDA line must be monitored for arbitration to see if the signal level is the expected output level. This check is performed by hardware with the result placed in the BCL1IF bit. The states where arbitration can be lost are: • • • • • Address Transfer Data Transfer A Start Condition A Repeated Start Condition An Acknowledge Condition MULTI -MASTER COMMUNICATION, BUS COLLISION AND BUS ARBITRATION Multi-Master mode support is achieved by bus arbitration. When the master outputs address/data bits onto the SDA pin, arbitration takes place when the master outputs a ‘1’ on SDA, by letting SDA float high and another master asserts a ‘0’. When the SCL pin floats high, data should be stable. If the expected data on SDA is a ‘1’ and the data sampled on the SDA pin is ‘0’, then a bus collision has taken place. The master will set the Bus Collision Interrupt Flag, BCLIF and reset the I2C port to its Idle state (Figure 29-32). If a transmit was in progress when the bus collision occurred, the transmission is halted, the BF flag is cleared, the SDA and SCL lines are deasserted and the SSPxBUF can be written to. When the user services the bus collision Interrupt Service Routine and if the I2C bus is free, the user can resume communication by asserting a Start condition. If a Start, Repeated Start, Stop or Acknowledge condition was in progress when the bus collision occurred, the condition is aborted, the SDA and SCL lines are deasserted and the respective control bits in the SSPxCON2 register are cleared. When the user services the bus collision Interrupt Service Routine and if the I2C bus is free, the user can resume communication by asserting a Start condition. The master will continue to monitor the SDA and SCL pins. If a Stop condition occurs, the SSPxIF bit will be set. A write to the SSPxBUF will start the transmission of data at the first data bit, regardless of where the transmitter left off when the bus collision occurred. In Multi-Master mode, the interrupt generation on the detection of Start and Stop conditions allows the determination of when the bus is free. Control of the I2C bus can be taken when the P bit is set in the SSPxSTAT register, or the bus is Idle and the S and P bits are cleared. FIGURE 29-32: BUS COLLISION TIMING FOR TRANSMIT AND ACKNOWLEDGE Data changes while SCL = 0 SDA line pulled low by another source SDA released by master Sample SDA. While SCL is high, data does not match what is driven by the master. Bus collision has occurred. SDA SCL Set bus collision interrupt (BCL1IF) BCL1IF 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 351 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 29.6.13.1 Bus Collision During a Start Condition During a Start condition, a bus collision occurs if: a) b) SDA or SCL are sampled low at the beginning of the Start condition (Figure 29-33). SCL is sampled low before SDA is asserted low (Figure 29-34). During a Start condition, both the SDA and the SCL pins are monitored. If the SDA pin is sampled low during this count, the BRG is reset and the SDA line is asserted early (Figure 29-35). If, however, a ‘1’ is sampled on the SDA pin, the SDA pin is asserted low at the end of the BRG count. The Baud Rate Generator is then reloaded and counts down to zero; if the SCL pin is sampled as ‘0’ during this time, a bus collision does not occur. At the end of the BRG count, the SCL pin is asserted low. Note: If the SDA pin is already low, or the SCL pin is already low, then all of the following occur: • the Start condition is aborted, • the BCL1IF flag is set and • the MSSPx module is reset to its Idle state (Figure 29-33). The Start condition begins with the SDA and SCL pins deasserted. When the SDA pin is sampled high, the Baud Rate Generator is loaded and counts down. If the SCL pin is sampled low while SDA is high, a bus collision occurs because it is assumed that another master is attempting to drive a data ‘1’ during the Start condition. FIGURE 29-33: The reason that bus collision is not a factor during a Start condition is that no two bus masters can assert a Start condition at the exact same time. Therefore, one master will always assert SDA before the other. This condition does not cause a bus collision because the two masters must be allowed to arbitrate the first address following the Start condition. If the address is the same, arbitration must be allowed to continue into the data portion, Repeated Start or Stop conditions. BUS COLLISION DURING START CONDITION (SDA ONLY) SDA goes low before the SEN bit is set. Set BCL1IF, S bit and SSPxIF set because SDA = 0, SCL = 1. SDA SCL Set SEN, enable Start condition if SDA = 1, SCL = 1 SEN cleared automatically because of bus collision. SSP module Reset into Idle state. SEN BCL1IF SDA sampled low before Start condition. Set BCL1IF. S bit and SSPxIF set because SDA = 0, SCL = 1. SSPxIF and BCL1IF are cleared by software S SSPxIF SSPxIF and BCL1IF are cleared by software DS40001795B-page 352 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 FIGURE 29-34: BUS COLLISION DURING START CONDITION (SCL = 0) SDA = 0, SCL = 1 TBRG TBRG SDA Set SEN, enable Start sequence if SDA = 1, SCL = 1 SCL SCL = 0 before SDA = 0, bus collision occurs. Set BCL1IF. SEN SCL = 0 before BRG time-out, bus collision occurs. Set BCL1IF. BCL1IF Interrupt cleared by software ’0’ ’0’ SSPxIF ’0’ ’0’ S FIGURE 29-35: BRG RESET DUE TO SDA ARBITRATION DURING START CONDITION SDA = 0, SCL = 1 Set S Less than TBRG SDA Set SSPxIF TBRG SDA pulled low by other master. Reset BRG and assert SDA. SCL S SCL pulled low after BRG time-out SEN BCL1IF Set SEN, enable Start sequence if SDA = 1, SCL = 1 ’0’ S SSPxIF SDA = 0, SCL = 1, set SSPxIF 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary Interrupts cleared by software DS40001795B-page 353 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 29.6.13.2 Bus Collision During a Repeated Start Condition If SDA is low, a bus collision has occurred (i.e., another master is attempting to transmit a data ‘0’, Figure 29-36). If SDA is sampled high, the BRG is reloaded and begins counting. If SDA goes from high-to-low before the BRG times out, no bus collision occurs because no two masters can assert SDA at exactly the same time. During a Repeated Start condition, a bus collision occurs if: a) b) A low level is sampled on SDA when SCL goes from low level to high level (Case 1). SCL goes low before SDA is asserted low, indicating that another master is attempting to transmit a data ‘1’ (Case 2). If SCL goes from high-to-low before the BRG times out and SDA has not already been asserted, a bus collision occurs. In this case, another master is attempting to transmit a data ‘1’ during the Repeated Start condition, see Figure 29-37. When the user releases SDA and the pin is allowed to float high, the BRG is loaded with SSPxADD and counts down to zero. The SCL pin is then deasserted and when sampled high, the SDA pin is sampled. FIGURE 29-36: If, at the end of the BRG time-out, both SCL and SDA are still high, the SDA pin is driven low and the BRG is reloaded and begins counting. At the end of the count, regardless of the status of the SCL pin, the SCL pin is driven low and the Repeated Start condition is complete. BUS COLLISION DURING A REPEATED START CONDITION (CASE 1) SDA SCL Sample SDA when SCL goes high. If SDA = 0, set BCL1IF and release SDA and SCL. RSEN BCL1IF Cleared by software S ’0’ SSPxIF ’0’ FIGURE 29-37: BUS COLLISION DURING REPEATED START CONDITION (CASE 2) TBRG TBRG SDA SCL BCL1IF SCL goes low before SDA, set BCL1IF. Release SDA and SCL. Interrupt cleared by software RSEN ’0’ S SSPxIF DS40001795B-page 354 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 29.6.13.3 Bus Collision During a Stop Condition The Stop condition begins with SDA asserted low. When SDA is sampled low, the SCL pin is allowed to float. When the pin is sampled high (clock arbitration), the Baud Rate Generator is loaded with SSPxADD and counts down to zero. After the BRG times out, SDA is sampled. If SDA is sampled low, a bus collision has occurred. This is due to another master attempting to drive a data ‘0’ (Figure 29-38). If the SCL pin is sampled low before SDA is allowed to float high, a bus collision occurs. This is another case of another master attempting to drive a data ‘0’ (Figure 29-39). Bus collision occurs during a Stop condition if: a) b) After the SDA pin has been deasserted and allowed to float high, SDA is sampled low after the BRG has timed out (Case 1). After the SCL pin is deasserted, SCL is sampled low before SDA goes high (Case 2). FIGURE 29-38: BUS COLLISION DURING A STOP CONDITION (CASE 1) TBRG TBRG TBRG SDA SDA sampled low after TBRG, set BCL1IF SDA asserted low SCL PEN BCL1IF P ’0’ SSPxIF ’0’ FIGURE 29-39: BUS COLLISION DURING A STOP CONDITION (CASE 2) TBRG TBRG TBRG SDA SCL goes low before SDA goes high, set BCL1IF Assert SDA SCL PEN BCL1IF P ’0’ SSPxIF ’0’ 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 355 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 29.7 Baud Rate Generator The MSSPx module has a Baud Rate Generator available for clock generation in both I2C and SPI Master modes. The Baud Rate Generator (BRG) reload value is placed in the SSPxADD register (Register 29-6). When a write occurs to SSPxBUF, the Baud Rate Generator will automatically begin counting down. Once the given operation is complete, the internal clock will automatically stop counting and the clock pin will remain in its last state. An internal signal “Reload” in Figure 29-40 triggers the value from SSPxADD to be loaded into the BRG counter. This occurs twice for each oscillation of the module clock line. The logic dictating when the reload signal is asserted depends on the mode the MSSPx is being operated in. Table 29-4 demonstrates clock rates based on instruction cycles and the BRG value loaded into SSPADD. EQUATION 29-1: FOSC FCLOCK = ------------------------------------------------ SSPxADD + 1 4 FIGURE 29-40: BAUD RATE GENERATOR BLOCK DIAGRAM SSPM<3:0> SSPM<3:0> SCL Reload SSPxADD<7:0> Reload Control SSPxCLK BRG Down Counter FOSC/2 Note: Values of 0x00, 0x01 and 0x02 are not valid for SSPxADD when used as a Baud Rate Generator for I2C™. This is an implementation limitation. DS40001795B-page 356 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 TABLE 29-2: Note: MSSP CLOCK RATE W/BRG FOSC FCY BRG Value FCLOCK (2 Rollovers of BRG) 32 MHz 8 MHz 13h 400 kHz 32 MHz 8 MHz 19h 308 kHz 32 MHz 8 MHz 4Fh 100 kHz 16 MHz 4 MHz 09h 400 kHz 16 MHz 4 MHz 0Ch 308 kHz 16 MHz 4 MHz 27h 100 kHz 4 MHz 1 MHz 09h 100 kHz Refer to the I/O port electrical specifications in Table 34-4 to ensure the system is designed to support IOL requirements. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 357 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 29.8 Register Definitions: MSSP Control REGISTER 29-1: SSPxSTAT: SSP STATUS REGISTER R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/HS/HC-0/0 SMP CKE(1) D/A R/HS/HC-0/0 R/HS/HC-0/0 P(2) R/HS/HC-0/0 R/HS/HC-0/0 R/HS/HC-0/0 R/W UA BF S(2) bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared HS/HC = Hardware set/clear bit 7 SMP: SPI Data Input Sample bit SPI Master mode: 1 = Input data sampled at end of data output time 0 = Input data sampled at middle of data output time SPI Slave mode: SMP must be cleared when SPI is used in Slave mode In I2C Master or Slave mode: 1 = Slew rate control disabled for Standard Speed mode (100 kHz and 1 MHz) 0 = Slew rate control enabled for High-Speed mode (400 kHz) bit 6 CKE: SPI Clock Edge Select bit (SPI mode only)(1) In SPI Master or Slave mode: 1 = Transmit occurs on transition from active to Idle clock state 0 = Transmit occurs on transition from Idle to active clock state In I2C™ mode only: 1 = Enable input logic so that thresholds are compliant with SMBus specification 0 = Disable SMBus specific inputs bit 5 D/A: Data/Address bit (I2C™ mode only) 1 = Indicates that the last byte received or transmitted was data 0 = Indicates that the last byte received or transmitted was address bit 4 P: Stop bit(2) (I2C mode only. This bit is cleared when the MSSP module is disabled, SSPEN is cleared.) 1 = Indicates that a Stop bit has been detected last (this bit is ‘0’ on Reset) 0 = Stop bit was not detected last bit 3 S: Start bit (2) (I2C mode only. This bit is cleared when the MSSP module is disabled, SSPEN is cleared.) 1 = Indicates that a Start bit has been detected last (this bit is ‘0’ on Reset) 0 = Start bit was not detected last bit 2 R/W: Read/Write bit information (I2C mode only) This bit holds the R/W bit information following the last address match. This bit is only valid from the address match to the next Start bit, Stop bit, or not ACK bit. In I2C Slave mode: 1 = Read 0 = Write In I2C Master mode: 1 = Transmit is in progress 0 = Transmit is not in progress OR-ing this bit with SEN, RSEN, PEN, RCEN or ACKEN will indicate if the MSSP is in Idle mode. bit 1 UA: Update Address bit (10-bit I2C mode only) 1 = Indicates that the user needs to update the address in the SSPADD register 0 = Address does not need to be updated bit 0 BF: Buffer Full Status bit Receive (SPI and I2 C modes): 1 = Receive complete, SSPBUF is full 0 = Receive not complete, SSPBUF is empty Transmit (I2 C mode only): 1 = Data transmit in progress (does not include the ACK and Stop bits), SSPBUF is full 0 = Data transmit complete (does not include the ACK and Stop bits), SSPBUF is empty Note 1: 2: Polarity of clock state is set by the CKP bit of the SSPCON register. This bit is cleared on Reset and when SSPEN is cleared. DS40001795B-page 358 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 29-2: SSPxCON1: SSP CONTROL REGISTER 1 R/C/HS-0/0 R/C/HS-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 WCOL SSPOV(1) SSPEN CKP R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 SSPM<3:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared HS = Bit is set by hardware C = User cleared bit 7 WCOL: Write Collision Detect bit (Transmit mode only) 1 = The SSPBUF register is written while it is still transmitting the previous word (must be cleared in software) 0 = No collision bit 6 SSPOV: Receive Overflow Indicator bit(1) In SPI mode: 1 = A new byte is received while the SSPBUF register is still holding the previous data. In case of overflow, the data in SSPSR is lost. Overflow can only occur in Slave mode. In Slave mode, the user must read the SSPBUF, even if only transmitting data, to avoid setting overflow. In Master mode, the overflow bit is not set since each new reception (and transmission) is initiated by writing to the SSPBUF register (must be cleared in software). 0 = No overflow In I2 C mode: 1 = A byte is received while the SSPBUF register is still holding the previous byte. SSPOV is a “don’t care” in Transmit mode (must be cleared in software). 0 = No overflow bit 5 SSPEN: Synchronous Serial Port Enable bit In both modes, when enabled, the following pins must be properly configured as input or output In SPI mode: 1 = Enables serial port and configures SCK, SDO, SDI and SS as the source of the serial port pins(2) 0 = Disables serial port and configures these pins as I/O port pins In I2 C mode: 1 = Enables the serial port and configures the SDA and SCL pins as the source of the serial port pins(3) 0 = Disables serial port and configures these pins as I/O port pins bit 4 CKP: Clock Polarity Select bit In SPI mode: 1 = Idle state for clock is a high level 0 = Idle state for clock is a low level In I2 C Slave mode: SCL release control 1 = Enable clock 0 = Holds clock low (clock stretch). (Used to ensure data setup time.) In I2 C Master mode: Unused in this mode 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 359 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 29-2: bit 3-0 SSPxCON1: SSP CONTROL REGISTER 1 (CONTINUED) SSPM<3:0>: Synchronous Serial Port Mode Select bits 1111 = I2C Slave mode, 10-bit address with Start and Stop bit interrupts enabled 1110 = I2C Slave mode, 7-bit address with Start and Stop bit interrupts enabled 1101 = Reserved 1100 = Reserved 1011 = I2C firmware controlled Master mode (slave idle) 1010 = SPI Master mode, clock = FOSC/(4 * (SSPADD+1))(5) 1001 = Reserved 1000 = I2C Master mode, clock = FOSC / (4 * (SSPADD+1))(4) 0111 = I2C Slave mode, 10-bit address 0110 = I2C Slave mode, 7-bit address 0101 = SPI Slave mode, clock = SCK pin, SS pin control disabled, SS can be used as I/O pin 0100 = SPI Slave mode, clock = SCK pin, SS pin control enabled 0011 = SPI Master mode, clock = T2_match/2 0010 = SPI Master mode, clock = FOSC/64 0001 = SPI Master mode, clock = FOSC/16 0000 = SPI Master mode, clock = FOSC/4 Note 1: 2: 3: 4: 5: In Master mode, the overflow bit is not set since each new reception (and transmission) is initiated by writing to the SSPBUF register. When enabled, these pins must be properly configured as input or output. Use SSP1SSPPS, SSP1CLKPPS, SSP1DATPPS, and RxyPPS to select the pins. When enabled, the SDA and SCL pins must be configured as inputs. Use SSPxCLKPPS, SSPxDATPPS, and RxyPPS to select the pins. SSPADD values of 0, 1 or 2 are not supported for I2C mode. SSPADD value of ‘0’ is not supported. Use SSPM = 0000 instead. DS40001795B-page 360 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 29-3: SSPxCON2: SSPx CONTROL REGISTER 2 (I2C™ MODE ONLY)(1) R/W-0/0 R/HS/HC-0 R/W-0/0 R/S/HC-0/0 R/S/HC-0/0 R/S/HC-0/0 R/S/HC-0/0 R/S/HC-0/0 GCEN ACKSTAT ACKDT ACKEN RCEN PEN RSEN SEN bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared HC = Cleared by hardware S = User set bit 7 GCEN: General Call Enable bit (in I2C Slave mode only) 1 = Enable interrupt when a general call address (0x00 or 00h) is received in the SSPSR 0 = General call address disabled bit 6 ACKSTAT: Acknowledge Status bit (in I2C mode only) 1 = Acknowledge was not received 0 = Acknowledge was received bit 5 ACKDT: Acknowledge Data bit (in I2C mode only) In Receive mode: Value transmitted when the user initiates an Acknowledge sequence at the end of a receive 1 = Not Acknowledge 0 = Acknowledge bit 4 ACKEN: Acknowledge Sequence Enable bit (in I2C Master mode only) In Master Receive mode: 1 = Initiate Acknowledge sequence on SDA and SCL pins, and transmit ACKDT data bit. Automatically cleared by hardware. 0 = Acknowledge sequence idle bit 3 RCEN: Receive Enable bit (in I2C Master mode only) 1 = Enables Receive mode for I2C 0 = Receive idle bit 2 PEN: Stop Condition Enable bit (in I2C Master mode only) SCKMSSP Release Control: 1 = Initiate Stop condition on SDA and SCL pins. Automatically cleared by hardware. 0 = Stop condition Idle bit 1 RSEN: Repeated Start Condition Enable bit (in I2C Master mode only) 1 = Initiate Repeated Start condition on SDA and SCL pins. Automatically cleared by hardware. 0 = Repeated Start condition Idle bit 0 SEN: Start Condition Enable/Stretch Enable bit In Master mode: 1 = Initiate Start condition on SDA and SCL pins. Automatically cleared by hardware. 0 = Start condition Idle In Slave mode: 1 = Clock stretching is enabled for both slave transmit and slave receive (stretch enabled) 0 = Clock stretching is disabled Note 1: For bits ACKEN, RCEN, PEN, RSEN, SEN: If the I2C module is not in the Idle mode, this bit may not be set (no spooling) and the SSPBUF may not be written (or writes to the SSPBUF are disabled). 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 361 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 29-4: SSPxCON3: SSP CONTROL REGISTER 3 R-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 ACKTIM(3) PCIE SCIE BOEN SDAHT SBCDE AHEN DHEN bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7 ACKTIM: Acknowledge Time Status bit (I2C™ mode only)(3) 1 = Indicates the I2C bus is in an Acknowledge sequence, set on eighth falling edge of SCL clock 0 = Not an Acknowledge sequence, cleared on ninth rising edge of SCL clock bit 6 PCIE: Stop Condition Interrupt Enable bit (I2C mode only) 1 = Enable interrupt on detection of Stop condition 0 = Stop detection interrupts are disabled(2) bit 5 SCIE: Start Condition Interrupt Enable bit (I2C mode only) 1 = Enable interrupt on detection of Start or Restart conditions 0 = Start detection interrupts are disabled(2) bit 4 BOEN: Buffer Overwrite Enable bit In SPI Slave mode:(1) 1 = SSPBUF updates every time that a new data byte is shifted in ignoring the BF bit 0 = If new byte is received with BF bit of the SSPSTAT register already set, SSPOV bit of the SSPCON1 register is set, and the buffer is not updated In I2C Master mode and SPI Master mode: This bit is ignored. In I2C Slave mode: 1 = SSPBUF is updated and ACK is generated for a received address/data byte, ignoring the state of the SSPOV bit only if the BF bit = 0. 0 = SSPBUF is only updated when SSPOV is clear bit 3 SDAHT: SDA Hold Time Selection bit (I2C mode only) 1 = Minimum of 300 ns hold time on SDA after the falling edge of SCL 0 = Minimum of 100 ns hold time on SDA after the falling edge of SCL bit 2 SBCDE: Slave Mode Bus Collision Detect Enable bit (I2C Slave mode only) If, on the rising edge of SCL, SDA is sampled low when the module is outputting a high state, the BCL1IF bit of the PIR1 register is set, and bus goes idle 1 = Enable slave bus collision interrupts 0 = Slave bus collision interrupts are disabled bit 1 AHEN: Address Hold Enable bit (I2C Slave mode only) 1 = Following the eighth falling edge of SCL for a matching received address byte; CKP bit of the SSPCON1 register will be cleared and the SCL will be held low. 0 = Address holding is disabled bit 0 DHEN: Data Hold Enable bit (I2C Slave mode only) 1 = Following the eighth falling edge of SCL for a received data byte; slave hardware clears the CKP bit of the SSPCON1 register and SCL is held low. 0 = Data holding is disabled Note 1: 2: 3: For daisy-chained SPI operation; allows the user to ignore all but the last received byte. SSPOV is still set when a new byte is received and BF = 1, but hardware continues to write the most recent byte to SSPBUF. This bit has no effect in Slave modes that Start and Stop condition detection is explicitly listed as enabled. The ACKTIM Status bit is only active when the AHEN bit or DHEN bit is set. DS40001795B-page 362 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 29-5: R/W-1/1 SSPxMSK: SSP MASK REGISTER R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 R/W-1/1 SSPxMSK<7:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-1 SSPxMSK<7:1>: Mask bits 1 = The received address bit n is compared to SSPADD<n> to detect I2C™ address match 0 = The received address bit n is not used to detect I2C address match bit 0 SSPxMSK<0>: Mask bit for I2C Slave mode, 10-bit Address I2C Slave mode, 10-bit address (SSPM<3:0> = 0111 or 1111): 1 = The received address bit 0 is compared to SSPADD<0> to detect I2C address match 0 = The received address bit 0 is not used to detect I2C address match I2C Slave mode, 7-bit address: MSK0 bit is ignored. REGISTER 29-6: R/W-0/0 SSPxADD: MSSP ADDRESS AND BAUD RATE REGISTER (I2C™ MODE) R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 SSPxADD<7:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared Master mode: bit 7-0 SSPxADD<7:0>: Baud Rate Clock Divider bits SCL pin clock period = ((ADD<7:0> + 1) *4)/FOSC 10-bit Slave mode – Most Significant Address Byte: bit 7-3 Not used: Unused for Most Significant Address Byte. Bit state of this register is a “don’t care”. Bit pattern sent by master is fixed by I2C specification and must be equal to ‘11110’. However, those bits are compared by hardware and are not affected by the value in this register. bit 2-1 SSPxADD<2:1>: Two Most Significant bits of 10-bit address bit 0 Not used: Unused in this mode. Bit state is a “don’t care”. 10-bit Slave mode – Least Significant Address Byte: bit 7-0 SSPxADD<7:0>: Eight Least Significant bits of 10-bit address 7-bit Slave mode: bit 7-1 SSPxADD<7:1>: 7-bit address bit 0 Not used: Unused in this mode. Bit state is a “don’t care”. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 363 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 29-7: R/W-x/u SSPxBUF: MSSP BUFFER REGISTER R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u R/W-x/u SSPxBUF<7:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-0 SSPxBUF<7:0>: MSSP Buffer bits TABLE 29-3: Name TRISA ANSELA INLVLA (1) SUMMARY OF REGISTERS ASSOCIATED WITH MSSPx Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Register on Page ― ― TRISA5 TRISA4 ―(3) TRISA2 TRISA1 TRISA0 141 ― ― ANSA5 ANSA4 ― ANSA2 ANSA1 ANSA0 142 ― ― INLVLA5 INLVLA4 INLVLA3 INLVLA2 INLVLA1 INLVLA0 144 TRISB(2) TRISB7 TRISB6 TRISB5 TRISB4 ― ― ― ― 147 ANSELB(2) ANSB7 ANSB6 ANSB5 ANSB4 ― ― ― ― 148 INLVLB(2) INLVLB7 INLVLB6 INLVLB5 INLVLB4 ― ― ― ― 150 TRISC TRISC7(2) TRISC6(2) TRISC5 TRISC4 TRISC3 TRISC2 TRISC1 TRISC0 154 ANSELC ANSC7(2) ANSC6(2) INLVLC(1) INLVLC7(2) INLVLC6(2) INTCON GIE PEIE ANSC5 ANSC4 ANSC3 ANSC2 ANSC1 ANSC0 155 INLVLC5 INLVLC4 INLVLC3 INLVLC2 INLVLC1 INLVLC0 157 ― ― ― ― ― INTEDG 98 PIR1 TMR1GIF ADIF RCIF TXIF SSP1IF BCL1IF TMR2IF TMR1IF 105 PIE1 TMR1GIE ADIE RCIE TXIE SSP1IE BCL1IE TMR2IE TMR1IE 100 PIR2 TMR6IF C2IF C1IF NVMIF SSP2IF BCL2IF TMR4IF NCO1IF 106 PIE2 TMR6IE C2IE C1IE NVMIE SSP2IE BCL2IE TMR4IE NCO1IE 101 SSPxSTAT SMP CKE D/A P S R/W UA BF 358 SSPxCON1 WCOL SSPOV SSPEN CKP SSPxCON2 GCEN ACKSTAT ACKDT ACKEN RCEN PEN RSEN SEN 361 SSPxCON3 ACKTIM PCIE SCIE BOEN SDAHT SBCDE AHEN DHEN 362 SSPM<3:0> 359 SSPxMSK SSPxMSK<7:0> 363 SSPxADD SSPxADD<7:0> 363 SSPxBUF SSPxBUF<7:0> 364 SSPxCLKPPS ― ― ― SSPxCLKPPS<4:0> 160 SSPxDATPPS ― ― ― SSPxDATPPS<4:0> 160 SSPxSSPPS ― ― ― SSPxSSPPS<4:0> 160 RxyPPS ― ― ― RxyPPS<4:0> 161 Legend: Note 1: 2: 3: — = Unimplemented location, read as ‘0’. Shaded cells are not used by the MSSP module When using designated I2C™ pins, the associated pin values in INLVLx will be ignored. PIC16(L)F18345 only. Unimplemented, read as ‘1’. DS40001795B-page 364 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 30.0 The EUSART1 capabilities: ENHANCED UNIVERSAL SYNCHRONOUS ASYNCHRONOUS RECEIVER TRANSMITTER (EUSART1) module includes the following • • • • • • • • • • Full-duplex asynchronous transmit and receive Two-character input buffer One-character output buffer Programmable 8-bit or 9-bit character length Address detection in 9-bit mode Input buffer overrun error detection Received character framing error detection Half-duplex synchronous master Half-duplex synchronous slave Programmable clock polarity in synchronous modes • Sleep operation The Enhanced Universal Synchronous Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter (EUSART1) module is a serial I/O communications peripheral. It contains all the clock generators, shift registers and data buffers necessary to perform an input or output serial data transfer independent of device program execution. The EUSART1, also known as a Serial Communications Interface (SCI), can be configured as a full-duplex asynchronous system or half-duplex synchronous system. Full-Duplex mode is useful for communications with peripheral systems, such as CRT terminals and personal computers. Half-Duplex Synchronous mode is intended for communications with peripheral devices, such as A/D or D/A integrated circuits, serial EEPROMs or other microcontrollers. These devices typically do not have internal clocks for baud rate generation and require the external clock signal provided by a master synchronous device. The EUSART1 module implements the following additional features, making it ideally suited for use in Local Interconnect Network (LIN) bus systems: • Automatic detection and calibration of the baud rate • Wake-up on Break reception • 13-bit Break character transmit Block diagrams of the EUSART1 transmitter and receiver are shown in Figure 30-1 and Figure 30-2. The EUSART1 transmit output (TX_out) is available to the TX/CK pin and internally to the following peripherals: • Configurable Logic Cell (CLC) FIGURE 30-1: EUSART1 TRANSMIT BLOCK DIAGRAM Data Bus TXIE Interrupt TXIF TX1REG Register 8 MSb TX/CK pin LSb (8) • • • 0 Pin Buffer and Control Transmit Shift Register (TSR) TX_out TXEN TRMT Baud Rate Generator FOSC TX9 n BRG16 +1 SP1BRGH ÷n SP1BRGL Multiplier x4 x16 x64 SYNC 1 X 0 0 0 BRGH X 1 1 0 0 BRG16 X 1 0 1 0 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. TX9D Preliminary DS40001795B-page 365 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 FIGURE 30-2: EUSART1 RECEIVE BLOCK DIAGRAM SPEN CREN RX/DT pin Baud Rate Generator Data Recovery FOSC SP1BRGH SP1BRGL x4 x16 x64 SYNC 1 X 0 0 0 BRGH X 1 1 0 0 BRG16 X 1 0 1 0 (8) ••• 7 1 LSb 0 Start RX9 ÷n BRG16 Multiplier Stop RCIDL RSR Register MSb Pin Buffer and Control +1 OERR n FERR RX9D RC1REG Register 8 FIFO Data Bus RCIF RCIE Interrupt The operation of the EUSART1 module is controlled through three registers: • Transmit Status and Control (TX1STA) • Receive Status and Control (RC1STA) • Baud Rate Control (BAUD1CON) These registers are detailed in Register 30-1, Register 30-2 and Register 30-3, respectively. The RX and CK input pins are selected with the RXPPS and CKPPS registers, respectively. TX, CK, and DT output pins are selected with each pin’s RxyPPS register. Since the RX input is coupled with the DT output in Synchronous mode, it is the user’s responsibility to select the same pin for both of these functions when operating in Synchronous mode. The EUSART1 control logic will control the data direction drivers automatically. DS40001795B-page 366 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 30.1 30.1.1.2 EUSART1 Asynchronous Mode The EUSART1 transmits and receives data using the standard non-return-to-zero (NRZ) format. NRZ is implemented with two levels: a VOH mark state which represents a ‘1’ data bit, and a VOL space state which represents a ‘0’ data bit. NRZ refers to the fact that consecutively transmitted data bits of the same value stay at the output level of that bit without returning to a neutral level between each bit transmission. An NRZ transmission port idles in the Mark state. Each character transmission consists of one Start bit followed by eight or nine data bits and is always terminated by one or more Stop bits. The Start bit is always a space and the Stop bits are always marks. The most common data format is eight bits. Each transmitted bit persists for a period of 1/(Baud Rate). An on-chip dedicated 8-bit/16-bit Baud Rate Generator is used to derive standard baud rate frequencies from the system oscillator. See Table 30-3 for examples of baud rate configurations. Transmitting Data A transmission is initiated by writing a character to the TX1REG register. If this is the first character, or the previous character has been completely flushed from the TSR, the data in the TX1REG is immediately transferred to the TSR register. If the TSR still contains all or part of a previous character, the new character data is held in the TX1REG until the Stop bit of the previous character has been transmitted. The pending character in the TX1REG is then transferred to the TSR in one TCY immediately following the Stop bit transmission. The transmission of the Start bit, data bits and Stop bit sequence commences immediately following the transfer of the data to the TSR from the TX1REG. 30.1.1.3 Transmit Data Polarity The EUSART1 transmits and receives the LSb first. The EUSART1’s transmitter and receiver are functionally independent, but share the same data format and baud rate. Parity is not supported by the hardware, but can be implemented in software and stored as the ninth data bit. The polarity of the transmit data can be controlled with the SCKP bit of the BAUD1CON register. The default state of this bit is ‘0’ which selects high true transmit idle and data bits. Setting the SCKP bit to ‘1’ will invert the transmit data resulting in low true idle and data bits. The SCKP bit controls transmit data polarity in Asynchronous mode only. In Synchronous mode, the SCKP bit has a different function. See Section 30.4.1.2 “Clock Polarity”. 30.1.1 30.1.1.4 EUSART1 ASYNCHRONOUS TRANSMITTER The EUSART1 transmitter block diagram is shown in Figure 30-1. The heart of the transmitter is the serial Transmit Shift Register (TSR), which is not directly accessible by software. The TSR obtains its data from the transmit buffer, which is the TX1REG register. 30.1.1.1 Enabling the Transmitter The EUSART1 transmitter is enabled for asynchronous operations by configuring the following three control bits: • TXEN = 1 • SYNC = 0 • SPEN = 1 All other EUSART1 control bits are assumed to be in their default state. Setting the TXEN bit of the TX1STA register enables the transmitter circuitry of the EUSART1. Clearing the SYNC bit of the TX1STA register configures the EUSART1 for asynchronous operation. Setting the SPEN bit of the RC1STA register enables the EUSART1 and automatically configures the TX/CK I/O pin as an output. If the TX/CK pin is shared with an analog peripheral, the analog I/O function must be disabled by clearing the corresponding ANSEL bit. Note: Transmit Interrupt Flag The TXIF interrupt flag bit of the PIR1 register is set whenever the EUSART1 transmitter is enabled and no character is being held for transmission in the TX1REG. In other words, the TXIF bit is only clear when the TSR is busy with a character and a new character has been queued for transmission in the TX1REG. The TXIF flag bit is not cleared immediately upon writing TX1REG. TXIF becomes valid in the second instruction cycle following the write execution. Polling TXIF immediately following the TX1REG write will return invalid results. The TXIF bit is read-only, it cannot be set or cleared by software. The TXIF interrupt can be enabled by setting the TXIE interrupt enable bit of the PIE1 register. However, the TXIF flag bit will be set whenever the TX1REG is empty, regardless of the state of TXIE enable bit. To use interrupts when transmitting data, set the TXIE bit only when there is more data to send. Clear the TXIE interrupt enable bit upon writing the last character of the transmission to the TX1REG. The TXIF Transmitter Interrupt flag is set when the TXEN enable bit is set. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 367 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 30.1.1.5 TSR Status 30.1.1.7 The TRMT bit of the TX1STA register indicates the status of the TSR register. This is a read-only bit. The TRMT bit is set when the TSR register is empty and is cleared when a character is transferred to the TSR register from the TX1REG. The TRMT bit remains clear until all bits have been shifted out of the TSR register. No interrupt logic is tied to this bit, so the user has to poll this bit to determine the TSR status. Note: 30.1.1.6 1. 2. 3. The TSR register is not mapped in data memory, so it is not available to the user. Transmitting 9-bit Characters The EUSART1 supports 9-bit character transmissions. When the TX9 bit of the TX1STA register is set, the EUSART1 will shift nine bits out for each character transmitted. The TX9D bit of the TX1STA register is the ninth, and Most Significant data bit. When transmitting 9-bit data, the TX9D data bit must be written before writing the eight Least Significant bits into the TX1REG. All nine bits of data will be transferred to the TSR shift register immediately after the TX1REG is written. A special 9-bit Address mode is available for use with multiple receivers. See Section 30.1.2.7 “Address Detection” for more information on the Address mode. FIGURE 30-3: Write to TX1REG BRG Output (Shift Clock) TX/CK pin TXIF bit (Transmit Buffer Reg. Empty Flag) TRMT bit (Transmit Shift Reg. Empty Flag) DS40001795B-page 368 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Asynchronous Transmission Set-up Initialize the SP1BRGH, SP1BRGL register pair and the BRGH and BRG16 bits to achieve the desired baud rate (see Section 30.3 “EUSART1 Baud Rate Generator (BRG)”). Enable the asynchronous serial port by clearing the SYNC bit and setting the SPEN bit. If 9-bit transmission is desired, set the TX9 control bit. A set ninth data bit will indicate that the eight Least Significant data bits are an address when the receiver is set for address detection. Set SCKP bit if inverted transmit is desired. Enable the transmission by setting the TXEN control bit. This will cause the TXIF interrupt bit to be set. If interrupts are desired, set the TXIE interrupt enable bit of the PIE1 register. An interrupt will occur immediately provided that the GIE and PEIE bits of the INTCON register are also set. If 9-bit transmission is selected, the ninth bit should be loaded into the TX9D data bit. Load 8-bit data into the TX1REG register. This will start the transmission. ASYNCHRONOUS TRANSMISSION Word 1 Start bit bit 0 bit 1 bit 7/8 Stop bit Word 1 1 TCY Word 1 Transmit Shift Reg. Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 FIGURE 30-4: ASYNCHRONOUS TRANSMISSION (BACK-TO-BACK) Write to TX1REG SPR1BRG Output (Shift Clock) Word 1 TX/CK pin TXIF bit (Transmit Buffer Reg. Empty Flag) TRMT bit (Transmit Shift Reg. Empty Flag) Start bit bit 0 1 TCY bit 7/8 Stop bit Start bit Word 2 bit 0 1 TCY Word 1 Transmit Shift Reg. Word 2 Transmit Shift Reg. EUSART1 ASYNCHRONOUS RECEIVER 30.1.2.2 The Asynchronous mode is typically used in RS-232 systems. The receiver block diagram is shown in Figure 30-2. The data is received on the RX/DT pin and drives the data recovery block. The data recovery block is actually a high-speed shifter operating at 16 times the baud rate, whereas the serial Receive Shift Register (RSR) operates at the bit rate. When all eight or nine bits of the character have been shifted in, they are immediately transferred to a two character First-In-First-Out (FIFO) memory. The FIFO buffering allows reception of two complete characters and the start of a third character before software must start servicing the EUSART1 receiver. The FIFO and RSR registers are not directly accessible by software. Access to the received data is via the RC1REG register. 30.1.2.1 Enabling the Receiver The EUSART1 receiver is enabled for asynchronous operation by configuring the following three control bits: • CREN = 1 • SYNC = 0 • SPEN = 1 All other EUSART1 control bits are assumed to be in their default state. Setting the CREN bit of the RC1STA register enables the receiver circuitry of the EUSART1. Clearing the SYNC bit of the TX1STA register configures the EUSART1 for asynchronous operation. Setting the SPEN bit of the RC1STA register enables the EUSART1. The programmer must set the corresponding TRIS bit to configure the RX/DT I/O pin as an input. Note: bit 1 Word 1 This timing diagram shows two consecutive transmissions. Note: 30.1.2 Word 2 Receiving Data The receiver data recovery circuit initiates character reception on the falling edge of the first bit. The first bit, also known as the Start bit, is always a zero. The data recovery circuit counts one-half bit time to the center of the Start bit and verifies that the bit is still a zero. If it is not a zero then the data recovery circuit aborts character reception, without generating an error, and resumes looking for the falling edge of the Start bit. If the Start bit zero verification succeeds then the data recovery circuit counts a full bit time to the center of the next bit. The bit is then sampled by a majority detect circuit and the resulting ‘0’ or ‘1’ is shifted into the RSR. This repeats until all data bits have been sampled and shifted into the RSR. One final bit time is measured and the level sampled. This is the Stop bit, which is always a ‘1’. If the data recovery circuit samples a ‘0’ in the Stop bit position then a framing error is set for this character, otherwise the framing error is cleared for this character. See Section 30.1.2.4 “Receive Framing Error” for more information on framing errors. Immediately after all data bits and the Stop bit have been received, the character in the RSR is transferred to the EUSART1 receive FIFO and the RCIF interrupt flag bit of the PIR1 register is set. The top character in the FIFO is transferred out of the FIFO by reading the RC1REG register. Note: If the receive FIFO is overrun, no additional characters will be received until the Overrun condition is cleared. See Section 30.1.2.5 “Receive Overrun Error” for more information on overrun errors. If the RX/DT function is on an analog pin, the corresponding ANSEL bit must be cleared for the receiver to function. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 369 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 30.1.2.3 Receive Interrupts 30.1.2.6 The RCIF interrupt flag bit of the PIR1 register is set whenever the EUSART1 receiver is enabled and there is an unread character in the receive FIFO. The RCIF interrupt flag bit is read-only, it cannot be set or cleared by software. RCIF interrupts are enabled by setting all of the following bits: • RCIE, Interrupt Enable bit of the PIE1 register • PEIE, Peripheral Interrupt Enable bit of the INTCON register • GIE, Global Interrupt Enable bit of the INTCON register 30.1.2.4 The EUSART1 supports 9-bit character reception. When the RX9 bit of the RC1STA register is set the EUSART1 will shift nine bits into the RSR for each character received. The RX9D bit of the RC1STA register is the ninth and Most Significant data bit of the top unread character in the receive FIFO. When reading 9-bit data from the receive FIFO buffer, the RX9D data bit must be read before reading the eight Least Significant bits from the RC1REG. 30.1.2.7 The RCIF interrupt flag bit will be set when there is an unread character in the FIFO, regardless of the state of interrupt enable bits. Receive Framing Error Each character in the receive FIFO buffer has a corresponding framing error Status bit. A framing error indicates that a Stop bit was not seen at the expected time. The framing error status is accessed via the FERR bit of the RC1STA register. The FERR bit represents the status of the top unread character in the receive FIFO. Therefore, the FERR bit must be read before reading the RC1REG. The FERR bit is read-only and only applies to the top unread character in the receive FIFO. A framing error (FERR = 1) does not preclude reception of additional characters. It is not necessary to clear the FERR bit. Reading the next character from the FIFO buffer will advance the FIFO to the next character and the next corresponding framing error. Receiving 9-bit Characters Address Detection A special Address Detection mode is available for use when multiple receivers share the same transmission line, such as in RS-485 systems. Address detection is enabled by setting the ADDEN bit of the RC1STA register. Address detection requires 9-bit character reception. When address detection is enabled, only characters with the ninth data bit set will be transferred to the receive FIFO buffer, thereby setting the RCIF interrupt bit. All other characters will be ignored. Upon receiving an address character, user software determines if the address matches its own. Upon address match, user software must disable address detection by clearing the ADDEN bit before the next Stop bit occurs. When user software detects the end of the message, determined by the message protocol used, software places the receiver back into the Address Detection mode by setting the ADDEN bit. The FERR bit can be forced clear by clearing the SPEN bit of the RC1STA register which resets the EUSART1. Clearing the CREN bit of the RC1STA register does not affect the FERR bit. A framing error by itself does not generate an interrupt. Note: 30.1.2.5 If all receive characters in the receive FIFO have framing errors, repeated reads of the RC1REG will not clear the FERR bit. Receive Overrun Error The receive FIFO buffer can hold two characters. An overrun error will be generated if a third character, in its entirety, is received before the FIFO is accessed. When this happens the OERR bit of the RC1STA register is set. The characters already in the FIFO buffer can be read but no additional characters will be received until the error is cleared. The error must be cleared by either clearing the CREN bit of the RC1STA register or by resetting the EUSART1 by clearing the SPEN bit of the RC1STA register. DS40001795B-page 370 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 30.1.2.8 Asynchronous Reception Setup 30.1.2.9 1. Initialize the SP1BRGH, SP1BRGL register pair and the BRGH and BRG16 bits to achieve the desired baud rate (see Section 30.3 “EUSART1 Baud Rate Generator (BRG)”). 2. Clear the ANSEL bit for the RX pin (if applicable). 3. Enable the serial port by setting the SPEN bit. The SYNC bit must be clear for asynchronous operation. 4. If interrupts are desired, set the RCIE bit of the PIE1 register and the GIE and PEIE bits of the INTCON register. 5. If 9-bit reception is desired, set the RX9 bit. 6. Enable reception by setting the CREN bit. 7. The RCIF interrupt flag bit will be set when a character is transferred from the RSR to the receive buffer. An interrupt will be generated if the RCIE interrupt enable bit was also set. 8. Read the RC1STA register to get the error flags and, if 9-bit data reception is enabled, the ninth data bit. 9. Get the received eight Least Significant data bits from the receive buffer by reading the RC1REG register. 10. If an overrun occurred, clear the OERR flag by clearing the CREN receiver enable bit. FIGURE 30-5: This mode would typically be used in RS-485 systems. To set up an Asynchronous Reception with Address Detect Enable: 1. Initialize the SP1BRGH, SP1BRGL register pair and the BRGH and BRG16 bits to achieve the desired baud rate (see Section 30.3 “EUSART1 Baud Rate Generator (BRG)”). 2. Clear the ANSEL bit for the RX pin (if applicable). 3. Enable the serial port by setting the SPEN bit. The SYNC bit must be clear for asynchronous operation. 4. If interrupts are desired, set the RCIE bit of the PIE1 register and the GIE and PEIE bits of the INTCON register. 5. Enable 9-bit reception by setting the RX9 bit. 6. Enable address detection by setting the ADDEN bit. 7. Enable reception by setting the CREN bit. 8. The RCIF interrupt flag bit will be set when a character with the ninth bit set is transferred from the RSR to the receive buffer. An interrupt will be generated if the RCIE interrupt enable bit was also set. 9. Read the RC1STA register to get the error flags. The ninth data bit will always be set. 10. Get the received eight Least Significant data bits from the receive buffer by reading the RC1REG register. Software determines if this is the device’s address. 11. If an overrun occurred, clear the OERR flag by clearing the CREN receiver enable bit. 12. If the device has been addressed, clear the ADDEN bit to allow all received data into the receive buffer and generate interrupts. ASYNCHRONOUS RECEPTION Start bit bit 0 RX/DT pin 9-bit Address Detection Mode Setup Rcv Shift Reg Rcv Buffer Reg. RCIDL bit 1 bit 7/8 Stop bit Start bit bit 0 Word 1 RC1REG bit 7/8 Stop bit Start bit bit 7/8 Stop bit Word 2 RC1REG Read Rcv Buffer Reg. RC1REG RCIF (Interrupt Flag) OERR bit CREN Note: This timing diagram shows three words appearing on the RX input. The RC1REG (receive buffer) is read after the third word, causing the OERR (overrun) bit to be set. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 371 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 30.2 EXAMPLE 30-1: Clock Accuracy with Asynchronous Operation The factory calibrates the internal oscillator block output (INTOSC). However, the INTOSC frequency may drift as VDD or temperature changes, and this directly affects the asynchronous baud rate. Two methods may be used to adjust the baud rate clock, but both require a reference clock source of some kind. For a device with FOSC of 16 MHz, desired baud rate of 9600, Asynchronous mode, 8-bit SPR1BRG: F OS C Desired Baud Rate = -----------------------------------------------------------------------64 [SPBRGH:SPBRGL] + 1 Solving for SP1BRGH:SP1BRGL: FOSC --------------------------------------------Desired Baud Rate X = --------------------------------------------- – 1 64 The first (preferred) method uses the OSCTUNE register to adjust the INTOSC output. Adjusting the value in the OSCTUNE register allows for fine resolution changes to the system clock source. See Section 6.2.2.3 “Internal Oscillator Frequency Adjustment” for more information. The other method adjusts the value in the Baud Rate Generator. This can be done automatically with the Auto-Baud Detect feature (see Section 30.3.1 “Auto-Baud Detect”). There may not be fine enough resolution when adjusting the Baud Rate Generator to compensate for a gradual change in the peripheral clock frequency. 30.3 CALCULATING BAUD RATE ERROR 16000000 -----------------------9600 = ------------------------ – 1 64 = 25.042 = 25 16000000 Calculated Baud Rate = --------------------------64 25 + 1 = 9615 Calc. Baud Rate – Desired Baud Rate Error = -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Desired Baud Rate 9615 – 9600 = ---------------------------------- = 0.16% 9600 EUSART1 Baud Rate Generator (BRG) The Baud Rate Generator (BRG) is an 8-bit or 16-bit timer that is dedicated to the support of both the asynchronous and synchronous EUSART1 operation. By default, the BRG operates in 8-bit mode. Setting the BRG16 bit of the BAUD1CON register selects 16-bit mode. The SP1BRGH, SP1BRGL register pair determines the period of the free running baud rate timer. In Asynchronous mode the multiplier of the baud rate period is determined by both the BRGH bit of the TX1STA register and the BRG16 bit of the BAUD1CON register. In Synchronous mode, the BRGH bit is ignored. Table 30-1 contains the formulas for determining the baud rate. Example 30-1 provides a sample calculation for determining the baud rate and baud rate error. Typical baud rates and error values for various asynchronous modes have been computed for your convenience and are shown in Table 30-3. It may be advantageous to use the high baud rate (BRGH = 1), or the 16-bit BRG (BRG16 = 1) to reduce the baud rate error. The 16-bit BRG mode is used to achieve slow baud rates for fast oscillator frequencies. Writing a new value to the SP1BRGH, SP1BRGL register pair causes the BRG timer to be reset (or cleared). This ensures that the BRG does not wait for a timer overflow before outputting the new baud rate. If the system clock is changed during an active receive operation, a receive error or data loss may result. To avoid this problem, check the status of the RCIDL bit to make sure that the receive operation is idle before changing the system clock. DS40001795B-page 372 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 30.3.1 AUTO-BAUD DETECT The EUSART1 module supports automatic detection and calibration of the baud rate. In the Auto-Baud Detect (ABD) mode, the clock to the BRG is reversed. Rather than the BRG clocking the incoming RX signal, the RX signal is timing the BRG. The Baud Rate Generator is used to time the period of a received 55h (ASCII “U”) which is the Sync character for the LIN bus. The unique feature of this character is that it has five rising edges including the Stop bit edge. Setting the ABDEN bit of the BAUD1CON register starts the auto-baud calibration sequence. While the ABD sequence takes place, the EUSART1 state machine is held in Idle. On the first rising edge of the receive line, after the Start bit, the SPBRG begins counting up using the BRG counter clock as shown in Figure 30-6. The fifth rising edge will occur on the RX pin at the end of the eighth bit period. At that time, an accumulated value totaling the proper BRG period is left in the SP1BRGH, SP1BRGL register pair, the ABDEN bit is automatically cleared and the RCIF interrupt flag is set. The value in the RC1REG needs to be read to clear the RCIF interrupt. RC1REG content should be discarded. When calibrating for modes that do not use the SP1BRGH register the user can verify that the SP1BRGL register did not overflow by checking for 00h in the SP1BRGH register. The BRG auto-baud clock is determined by the BRG16 and BRGH bits as shown in Table 30-1. During ABD, both the SP1BRGH and SP1BRGL registers are used as a 16-bit counter, independent of the BRG16 bit setting. While calibrating the baud rate period, the SP1BRGH and SP1BRGL registers are clocked at FIGURE 30-6: Note 1: If the WUE bit is set with the ABDEN bit, auto-baud detection will occur on the byte following the Break character (see Section 30.3.3 “Auto-Wake-up on Break”). 2: It is up to the user to determine that the incoming character baud rate is within the range of the selected BRG clock source. Some combinations of oscillator frequency and EUSART1 baud rates are not possible. 3: During the auto-baud process, the auto-baud counter starts counting at one. Upon completion of the auto-baud sequence, to achieve maximum accuracy, subtract 1 from the SP1BRGH:SP1BRGL register pair. TABLE 30-1: BRG COUNTER CLOCK RATES BRG16 BRGH BRG Base Clock BRG ABD Clock 0 0 FOSC/64 FOSC/512 0 1 FOSC/16 FOSC/128 1 0 FOSC/16 FOSC/128 1 1 FOSC/4 FOSC/32 Note: During the ABD sequence, SP1BRGL and SP1BRGH registers are both used as a 16-bit counter, independent of the BRG16 setting. AUTOMATIC BAUD RATE CALIBRATION XXXXh SPR1BRG Value 1/8th the BRG base clock rate. The resulting byte measurement is the average bit time when clocked at full speed. RX pin 0000h 001Ch Start Edge #1 bit 1 bit 0 Edge #2 bit 3 bit 2 Edge #3 bit 5 bit 4 Edge #4 bit 7 bit 6 Edge #5 Stop bit SPR1BRG Clock Auto Cleared Set by User ABDEN bit RCIDL RCIF bit (Interrupt) Read RC1REG SP1BRGL XXh 1Ch SP1BRGH XXh 00h Note 1: The ABD sequence requires the EUSART1 module to be configured in Asynchronous mode. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 373 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 30.3.2 AUTO-BAUD OVERFLOW 30.3.3.1 During the course of automatic-baud detection, the ABDOVF bit of the BAUDxCON register will be set if the baud rate counter overflows before the fifth rising edge is detected on the RX pin. The ABDOVF bit indicates that the counter has exceeded the maximum count that can fit in the 16 bits of the SPxBRGH:SPxBRGL register pair. The Overflow condition will set the RCIF flag. The counter continues to count until the fifth rising edge is detected on the RX pin. The RCIDL bit will remain false (‘0’) until the fifth rising edge at which time the RCIDL bit will be set. If the RCREG is read after the overflow occurs but before the fifth rising edge, then the fifth rising edge will set the RCIF again. Terminating the auto-baud process early to clear an Overflow condition will prevent proper detection of the sync character fifth rising edge. If any falling edges of the sync character have not yet occurred when the ABDEN bit is cleared, then those will be falsely detected as Start bits. The following steps are recommended to clear the Overflow condition: 1. 2. 3. Read RCREG to clear RCIF If RCIDL is zero, then wait for RCIF and repeat step 1 Clear the ABDOVF bit 30.3.3 AUTO-WAKE-UP ON BREAK Special Considerations Break Character To avoid character errors or character fragments during a wake-up event, the wake-up character must be all zeros. When the wake-up is enabled the function works independent of the low time on the data stream. If the WUE bit is set and a valid non-zero character is received, the low time from the Start bit to the first rising edge will be interpreted as the wake-up event. The remaining bits in the character will be received as a fragmented character and subsequent characters can result in framing or overrun errors. Therefore, the initial character in the transmission must be all ‘0’s. This must be ten or more bit times, 13-bit times recommended for LIN bus, or any number of bit times for standard RS-232 devices. Oscillator Start-up Time Oscillator start-up time must be considered, especially in applications using oscillators with longer start-up intervals (i.e., LP, XT or HS/PLL mode). The Sync Break (or wake-up signal) character must be of sufficient length, and be followed by a sufficient interval, to allow enough time for the selected oscillator to start and provide proper initialization of the EUSART1. WUE Bit During Sleep mode, all clocks to the EUSART1 are suspended. Because of this, the Baud Rate Generator is inactive and a proper character reception cannot be performed. The Auto-Wake-up feature allows the controller to wake-up due to activity on the RX/DT line. This feature is available only in Asynchronous mode. The Auto-Wake-up feature is enabled by setting the WUE bit of the BAUD1CON register. Once set, the normal receive sequence on RX/DT is disabled, and the EUSART1 remains in an Idle state, monitoring for a wake-up event independent of the CPU mode. A wake-up event consists of a high-to-low transition on the RX/DT line. (This coincides with the start of a Sync Break or a wake-up signal character for the LIN protocol.) The wake-up event causes a receive interrupt by setting the RCIF bit. The WUE bit is cleared in hardware by a rising edge on RX/DT. The Interrupt condition is then cleared in software by reading the RC1REG register and discarding its contents. To ensure that no actual data is lost, check the RCIDL bit to verify that a receive operation is not in process before setting the WUE bit. If a receive operation is not occurring, the WUE bit may then be set just prior to entering the Sleep mode. The EUSART1 module generates an RCIF interrupt coincident with the wake-up event. The interrupt is generated synchronously to the Q clocks in normal CPU operating modes (Figure 30-7), and asynchronously if the device is in Sleep mode (Figure 30-8). The Interrupt condition is cleared by reading the RC1REG register. The WUE bit is automatically cleared by the low-to-high transition on the RX line at the end of the Break. This signals to the user that the Break event is over. At this point, the EUSART1 module is in Idle mode waiting to receive the next character. DS40001795B-page 374 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 FIGURE 30-7: AUTO-WAKE-UP BIT (WUE) TIMING DURING NORMAL OPERATION Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 OSC1 Auto Cleared Bit set by user WUE bit RX/DT Line RCIF Note 1: Cleared due to User Read of RC1REG The EUSART1 remains in Idle while the WUE bit is set. FIGURE 30-8: AUTO-WAKE-UP BIT (WUE) TIMINGS DURING SLEEP Q1Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1Q2 Q3 Q4 OSC1 Auto Cleared Bit Set by User WUE bit RX/DT Line Note 1 RCIF Sleep Command Executed Note 1: 2: 30.3.4 Cleared due to User Read of RC1REG Sleep Ends If the wake-up event requires long oscillator warm-up time, the automatic clearing of the WUE bit can occur while the stposc signal is still active. This sequence should not depend on the presence of Q clocks. The EUSART1 remains in Idle while the WUE bit is set. BREAK CHARACTER SEQUENCE The EUSART1 module has the capability of sending the special Break character sequences that are required by the LIN bus standard. A Break character consists of a Start bit, followed by 12 ‘0’ bits and a Stop bit. To send a Break character, set the SENDB and TXEN bits of the TX1STA register. The Break character transmission is then initiated by a write to the TX1REG. The value of data written to TX1REG will be ignored and all ‘0’s will be transmitted. The SENDB bit is automatically reset by hardware after the corresponding Stop bit is sent. This allows the user to preload the transmit FIFO with the next transmit byte following the Break character (typically, the Sync character in the LIN specification). The TRMT bit of the TX1STA register indicates when the transmit operation is active or idle, just as it does during normal transmission. See Figure 30-9 for the timing of the Break character sequence. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. 30.3.4.1 Break and Sync Transmit Sequence The following sequence will start a message frame header made up of a Break, followed by an auto-baud Sync byte. This sequence is typical of a LIN bus master. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Configure the EUSART1 for the desired mode. Set the TXEN and SENDB bits to enable the Break sequence. Load the TX1REG with a dummy character to initiate transmission (the value is ignored). Write ‘55h’ to TX1REG to load the Sync character into the transmit FIFO buffer. After the Break has been sent, the SENDB bit is reset by hardware and the Sync character is then transmitted. When the TX1REG becomes empty, as indicated by the TXIF, the next data byte can be written to TX1REG. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 375 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 30.3.5 RECEIVING A BREAK CHARACTER The Enhanced EUSART1 module can receive a Break character in two ways. The first method to detect a Break character uses the FERR bit of the RC1STA register and the received data as indicated by RC1REG. The Baud Rate Generator is assumed to have been initialized to the expected baud rate. A Break character has been received when; • RCIF bit is set • FERR bit is set • RC1REG = 00h The second method uses the Auto-Wake-up feature described in Section 30.3.3 “Auto-Wake-up on Break”. By enabling this feature, the EUSART1 will sample the next two transitions on RX/DT, cause an RCIF interrupt, and receive the next data byte followed by another interrupt. Note that following a Break character, the user will typically want to enable the Auto-Baud Detect feature. For both methods, the user can set the ABDEN bit of the BAUD1CON register before placing the EUSART1 in Sleep mode. FIGURE 30-9: Write to TX1REG SEND BREAK CHARACTER SEQUENCE Dummy Write SPR1BRG Output (Shift Clock) TX (pin) Start bit bit 0 bit 1 bit 11 Stop bit Break TXIF bit (Transmit Interrupt Flag) TRMT bit (Transmit Shift Empty Flag) SENDB (send Break control bit) DS40001795B-page 376 SENDB Sampled Here Preliminary Auto Cleared 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 30.4 30.4.1.2 EUSART1 Synchronous Mode Synchronous serial communications are typically used in systems with a single master and one or more slaves. The master device contains the necessary circuitry for baud rate generation and supplies the clock for all devices in the system. Slave devices can take advantage of the master clock by eliminating the internal clock generation circuitry. There are two signal lines in Synchronous mode: a bidirectional data line and a clock line. Slaves use the external clock supplied by the master to shift the serial data into and out of their respective receive and transmit shift registers. Since the data line is bidirectional, synchronous operation is half-duplex only. Half-duplex refers to the fact that master and slave devices can receive and transmit data but not both simultaneously. The EUSART1 can operate as either a master or slave device. Start and Stop bits are not used in synchronous transmissions. 30.4.1 SYNCHRONOUS MASTER MODE The following bits are used to configure the EUSART1 for synchronous master operation: • • • • • SYNC = 1 CSRC = 1 SREN = 0 (for transmit); SREN = 1 (for receive) CREN = 0 (for transmit); CREN = 1 (for receive) SPEN = 1 Master Clock Synchronous data transfers use a separate clock line, which is synchronous with the data. A device configured as a master transmits the clock on the TX/CK line. The TX/CK pin output driver is automatically enabled when the EUSART1 is configured for synchronous transmit or receive operation. Serial data bits change on the leading edge to ensure they are valid at the trailing edge of each clock. One clock cycle is generated for each data bit. Only as many clock cycles are generated as there are data bits. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. A clock polarity option is provided for Microwire compatibility. Clock polarity is selected with the SCKP bit of the BAUD1CON register. Setting the SCKP bit sets the clock Idle state as high. When the SCKP bit is set, the data changes on the falling edge of each clock. Clearing the SCKP bit sets the Idle state as low. When the SCKP bit is cleared, the data changes on the rising edge of each clock. 30.4.1.3 Synchronous Master Transmission Data is transferred out of the device on the RX/DT pin. The RX/DT and TX/CK pin output drivers are automatically enabled when the EUSART1 is configured for synchronous master transmit operation. A transmission is initiated by writing a character to the TX1REG register. If the TSR still contains all or part of a previous character the new character data is held in the TX1REG until the last bit of the previous character has been transmitted. If this is the first character, or the previous character has been completely flushed from the TSR, the data in the TX1REG is immediately transferred to the TSR. The transmission of the character commences immediately following the transfer of the data to the TSR from the TX1REG. Each data bit changes on the leading edge of the master clock and remains valid until the subsequent leading clock edge. Setting the SYNC bit of the TX1STA register configures the device for synchronous operation. Setting the CSRC bit of the TX1STA register configures the device as a master. Clearing the SREN and CREN bits of the RC1STA register ensures that the device is in the Transmit mode, otherwise the device will be configured to receive. Setting the SPEN bit of the RC1STA register enables the EUSART1. 30.4.1.1 Clock Polarity Note: The TSR register is not mapped in data memory, so it is not available to the user. 30.4.1.4 Synchronous Master Transmission Set-up 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Preliminary Initialize the SP1BRGH, SP1BRGL register pair and the BRGH and BRG16 bits to achieve the desired baud rate (see Section 30.3 “EUSART1 Baud Rate Generator (BRG)”). Enable the synchronous master serial port by setting bits SYNC, SPEN and CSRC. Disable Receive mode by clearing bits SREN and CREN. Enable Transmit mode by setting the TXEN bit. If 9-bit transmission is desired, set the TX9 bit. If interrupts are desired, set the TXIE bit of the PIE1 register and the GIE and PEIE bits of the INTCON register. If 9-bit transmission is selected, the ninth bit should be loaded in the TX9D bit. Start transmission by loading data to the TX1REG register. DS40001795B-page 377 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 FIGURE 30-10: SYNCHRONOUS TRANSMISSION RX/DT pin bit 0 bit 1 Word 1 bit 2 bit 7 bit 0 bit 1 Word 2 bit 7 TX/CK pin (SCKP = 0) TX/CK pin (SCKP = 1) Write to TX1REG Reg Write Word 1 Write Word 2 TXIF bit (Interrupt Flag) TRMT bit TXEN bit Note: ‘1’ ‘1’ Sync Master mode, SP1BRGL = 0, continuous transmission of two 8-bit words. FIGURE 30-11: SYNCHRONOUS TRANSMISSION (THROUGH TXEN) RX/DT pin bit 0 bit 2 bit 1 bit 6 bit 7 TX/CK pin Write to TX1REG reg TXIF bit TRMT bit TXEN bit 30.4.1.5 Synchronous Master Reception Data is received at the RX/DT pin. The RX/DT pin output driver is automatically disabled when the EUSART1 is configured for synchronous master receive operation. In Synchronous mode, reception is enabled by setting either the Single Receive Enable bit (SREN of the RC1STA register) or the Continuous Receive Enable bit (CREN of the RC1STA register). When SREN is set and CREN is clear, only as many clock cycles are generated as there are data bits in a single character. The SREN bit is automatically cleared at the completion of one character. When CREN is set, clocks are continuously generated until CREN is cleared. If CREN is cleared in the middle of a character the CK clock stops immediately and the partial character is discarded. If SREN and CREN are both set, then SREN is cleared at the completion of the first character and CREN takes precedence. DS40001795B-page 378 To initiate reception, set either SREN or CREN. Data is sampled at the RX/DT pin on the trailing edge of the TX/CK clock pin and is shifted into the Receive Shift Register (RSR). When a complete character is received into the RSR, the RCIF bit is set and the character is automatically transferred to the two character receive FIFO. The Least Significant eight bits of the top character in the receive FIFO are available in RC1REG. The RCIF bit remains set as long as there are unread characters in the receive FIFO. Note: Preliminary If the RX/DT function is on an analog pin, the corresponding ANSEL bit must be cleared for the receiver to function. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 30.4.1.6 Slave Clock character received. The RX9D bit of the RC1STA register is the ninth, and Most Significant, data bit of the top unread character in the receive FIFO. When reading 9-bit data from the receive FIFO buffer, the RX9D data bit must be read before reading the eight Least Significant bits from the RC1REG. Synchronous data transfers use a separate clock line, which is synchronous with the data. A device configured as a slave receives the clock on the TX/CK line. The TX/CK pin output driver is automatically disabled when the device is configured for synchronous slave transmit or receive operation. Serial data bits change on the leading edge to ensure they are valid at the trailing edge of each clock. One data bit is transferred for each clock cycle. Only as many clock cycles should be received as there are data bits. Note: 30.4.1.7 30.4.1.9 1. Initialize the SP1BRGH, SP1BRGL register pair for the appropriate baud rate. Set or clear the BRGH and BRG16 bits, as required, to achieve the desired baud rate. 2. Clear the ANSEL bit for the RX pin (if applicable). 3. Enable the synchronous master serial port by setting bits SYNC, SPEN and CSRC. 4. Ensure bits CREN and SREN are clear. 5. If interrupts are desired, set the RCIE bit of the PIE1 register and the GIE and PEIE bits of the INTCON register. 6. If 9-bit reception is desired, set bit RX9. 7. Start reception by setting the SREN bit or for continuous reception, set the CREN bit. 8. Interrupt flag bit RCIF will be set when reception of a character is complete. An interrupt will be generated if the enable bit RCIE was set. 9. Read the RC1STA register to get the ninth bit (if enabled) and determine if any error occurred during reception. 10. Read the 8-bit received data by reading the RC1REG register. 11. If an overrun error occurs, clear the error by either clearing the CREN bit of the RC1STA register or by clearing the SPEN bit which resets the EUSART1. If the device is configured as a slave and the TX/CK function is on an analog pin, the corresponding ANSEL bit must be cleared. Receive Overrun Error The receive FIFO buffer can hold two characters. An overrun error will be generated if a third character, in its entirety, is received before RC1REG is read to access the FIFO. When this happens the OERR bit of the RC1STA register is set. Previous data in the FIFO will not be overwritten. The two characters in the FIFO buffer can be read, however, no additional characters will be received until the error is cleared. The OERR bit can only be cleared by clearing the Overrun condition. If the overrun error occurred when the SREN bit is set and CREN is clear then the error is cleared by reading RC1REG. If the overrun occurred when the CREN bit is set then the Error condition is cleared by either clearing the CREN bit of the RC1STA register or by clearing the SPEN bit which resets the EUSART1. 30.4.1.8 Receiving 9-bit Characters The EUSART1 supports 9-bit character reception. When the RX9 bit of the RC1STA register is set the EUSART1 will shift nine bits into the RSR for each FIGURE 30-12: RX/DT pin Synchronous Master Reception Set-up SYNCHRONOUS RECEPTION (MASTER MODE, SREN) bit 0 bit 1 bit 2 bit 3 bit 4 bit 5 bit 6 bit 7 TX/CK pin (SCKP = 0) TX/CK pin (SCKP = 1) Write to bit SREN SREN bit CREN bit ‘0’ ‘0’ RCIF bit (Interrupt) Read RC1REG Note: Timing diagram demonstrates Sync Master mode with bit SREN = 1 and bit BRGH = 0. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 379 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 30.4.2 SYNCHRONOUS SLAVE MODE 30.4.2.3 The following bits are used to configure the EUSART1 for synchronous slave operation: • • • • • SYNC = 1 CSRC = 0 SREN = 0 (for transmit); SREN = 1 (for receive) CREN = 0 (for transmit); CREN = 1 (for receive) SPEN = 1 Setting the SYNC bit of the TX1STA register configures the device for synchronous operation. Clearing the CSRC bit of the TX1STA register configures the device as a slave. Clearing the SREN and CREN bits of the RC1STA register ensures that the device is in the Transmit mode, otherwise the device will be configured to receive. Setting the SPEN bit of the RC1STA register enables the EUSART1. 30.4.2.1 The operation of the Synchronous Master and Slave modes is identical (Section 30.4.1.5 “Synchronous Master Reception”), with the following exceptions: • Sleep • CREN bit is always set, therefore the receiver is never idle • SREN bit, which is a “don’t care” in Slave mode A character may be received while in Sleep mode by setting the CREN bit prior to entering Sleep. Once the word is received, the RSR register will transfer the data to the RC1REG register. If the RCIE enable bit is set, the interrupt generated will wake the device from Sleep and execute the next instruction. If the GIE bit is also set, the program will branch to the interrupt vector. 30.4.2.4 EUSART1 Synchronous Slave Transmit The operation of the Synchronous Master and Slave modes are identical (see Section 30.4.1.3 “Synchronous Master Transmission”), except in the case of the Sleep mode. 1. If two words are written to the TX1REG and then the SLEEP instruction is executed, the following will occur: 3. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. The first character will immediately transfer to the TSR register and transmit. The second word will remain in the TX1REG register. The TXIF bit will not be set. After the first character has been shifted out of TSR, the TX1REG register will transfer the second character to the TSR and the TXIF bit will now be set. If the PEIE and TXIE bits are set, the interrupt will wake the device from Sleep and execute the next instruction. If the GIE bit is also set, the program will call the Interrupt Service Routine. 30.4.2.2 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. EUSART1 Synchronous Slave Reception 2. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Synchronous Slave Transmission Set-up Synchronous Slave Reception Set-up Set the SYNC and SPEN bits and clear the CSRC bit. Clear the ANSEL bit for both the CK and DT pins (if applicable). If interrupts are desired, set the RCIE bit of the PIE1 register and the GIE and PEIE bits of the INTCON register. If 9-bit reception is desired, set the RX9 bit. Set the CREN bit to enable reception. The RCIF bit will be set when reception is complete. An interrupt will be generated if the RCIE bit was set. If 9-bit mode is enabled, retrieve the Most Significant bit from the RX9D bit of the RC1STA register. Retrieve the eight Least Significant bits from the receive FIFO by reading the RC1REG register. If an overrun error occurs, clear the error by either clearing the CREN bit of the RC1STA register or by clearing the SPEN bit which resets the EUSART1. Set the SYNC and SPEN bits and clear the CSRC bit. Clear the ANSEL bit for the CK pin (if applicable). Clear the CREN and SREN bits. If interrupts are desired, set the TXIE bit of the PIE1 register and the GIE and PEIE bits of the INTCON register. If 9-bit transmission is desired, set the TX9 bit. Enable transmission by setting the TXEN bit. If 9-bit transmission is selected, insert the Most Significant bit into the TX9D bit. Start transmission by writing the Least Significant eight bits to the TX1REG register. DS40001795B-page 380 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 30.5 EUSART1 Operation During Sleep The EUSART1 will remain active during Sleep only in the Synchronous Slave mode. All other modes require the system clock and therefore cannot generate the necessary signals to run the Transmit or Receive Shift registers during Sleep. Synchronous Slave mode uses an externally generated clock to run the Transmit and Receive Shift registers. 30.5.1 SYNCHRONOUS RECEIVE DURING SLEEP To receive during Sleep, all the following conditions must be met before entering Sleep mode: • RC1STA and TX1STA Control registers must be configured for Synchronous Slave Reception (see Section 30.4.2.4 “Synchronous Slave Reception Set-up”). • If interrupts are desired, set the RCIE bit of the PIE1 register and the GIE and PEIE bits of the INTCON register. • The RCIF interrupt flag must be cleared by reading RC1REG to unload any pending characters in the receive buffer. Upon entering Sleep mode, the device will be ready to accept data and clocks on the RX/DT and TX/CK pins, respectively. When the data word has been completely clocked in by the external device, the RCIF interrupt flag bit of the PIR1 register will be set. Thereby, waking the processor from Sleep. 30.5.2 SYNCHRONOUS TRANSMIT DURING SLEEP To transmit during Sleep, all the following conditions must be met before entering Sleep mode: • The RC1STA and TX1STA Control registers must be configured for synchronous slave transmission (see Section 30.4.2.2 “Synchronous Slave Transmission Set-up”). • The TXIF interrupt flag must be cleared by writing the output data to the TX1REG, thereby filling the TSR and transmit buffer. • If interrupts are desired, set the TXIE bit of the PIE1 register and the PEIE bit of the INTCON register. • Interrupt enable bits TXIE of the PIE1 register and PEIE of the INTCON register must set. Upon entering Sleep mode, the device will be ready to accept clocks on TX/CK pin and transmit data on the RX/DT pin. When the data word in the TSR has been completely clocked out by the external device, the pending byte in the TX1REG will transfer to the TSR and the TXIF flag will be set. Thereby, waking the processor from Sleep. At this point, the TX1REG is available to accept another character for transmission, which will clear the TXIF flag. Upon waking from Sleep, the instruction following the SLEEP instruction will be executed. If the Global Interrupt Enable (GIE) bit is also set then the Interrupt Service Routine at address 0004h will be called. Upon waking from Sleep, the instruction following the SLEEP instruction will be executed. If the Global Interrupt Enable (GIE) bit of the INTCON register is also set, then the Interrupt Service Routine at address 004h will be called. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 381 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 30.6 Register Definitions: EUSART1 Control REGISTER 30-1: R/W-0/0 TX1STA: TRANSMIT STATUS AND CONTROL REGISTER R/W-0/0 CSRC TX9 R/W-0/0 TXEN (1) R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R-1/1 R/W-0/0 SYNC SENDB BRGH TRMT TX9D bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7 CSRC: Clock Source Select bit Asynchronous mode: Unused in this mode – value ignored Synchronous mode: 1 = Master mode (clock generated internally from BRG) 0 = Slave mode (clock from external source) bit 6 TX9: 9-bit Transmit Enable bit 1 = Selects 9-bit transmission 0 = Selects 8-bit transmission bit 5 TXEN: Transmit Enable bit(1) 1 = Transmit enabled 0 = Transmit disabled bit 4 SYNC: EUSART1 Mode Select bit 1 = Synchronous mode 0 = Asynchronous mode bit 3 SENDB: Send Break Character bit Asynchronous mode: 1 = Send SYNCH BREAK on next transmission – Start bit, followed by 12 ‘0’ bits, followed by Stop bit; cleared by hardware upon completion 0 = SYNCH BREAK transmission disabled or completed Synchronous mode: Unused in this mode – value ignored bit 2 BRGH: High Baud Rate Select bit Asynchronous mode: 1 = High speed 0 = Low speed Synchronous mode: Unused in this mode – value ignored bit 1 TRMT: Transmit Shift Register Status bit 1 = TSR empty 0 = TSR full bit 0 TX9D: Ninth bit of Transmit Data Can be address/data bit or a parity bit. Note 1: SREN/CREN overrides TXEN in Sync mode. DS40001795B-page 382 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 30-2: R/W-0/0 (1) SPEN RC1STA: RECEIVE STATUS AND CONTROL REGISTER R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R-0/0 R-0/0 R-x/x RX9 SREN CREN ADDEN FERR OERR RX9D bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7 SPEN: Serial Port Enable bit(1) 1 = Serial port enabled 0 = Serial port disabled (held in Reset) bit 6 RX9: 9-bit Receive Enable bit 1 = Selects 9-bit reception 0 = Selects 8-bit reception bit 5 SREN: Single Receive Enable bit Asynchronous mode: Unused in this mode – value ignored Synchronous mode – Master: 1 = Enables single receive 0 = Disables single receive This bit is cleared after reception is complete. Synchronous mode – Slave Unused in this mode – value ignored bit 4 CREN: Continuous Receive Enable bit Asynchronous mode: 1 = Enables continuous receive until enable bit CREN is cleared 0 = Disables continuous receive Synchronous mode: 1 = Enables continuous receive until enable bit CREN is cleared (CREN overrides SREN) 0 = Disables continuous receive bit 3 ADDEN: Address Detect Enable bit Asynchronous mode 9-bit (RX9 = 1): 1 = Enables address detection – enable interrupt and load of the receive buffer when the ninth bit in the receive buffer is set 0 = Disables address detection, all bytes are received and ninth bit can be used as parity bit Asynchronous mode 8-bit (RX9 = 0): Unused in this mode – value ignored bit 2 FERR: Framing Error bit 1 = Framing error (can be updated by reading RC1REG register and receive next valid byte) 0 = No framing error bit 1 OERR: Overrun Error bit 1 = Overrun error (can be cleared by clearing bit CREN) 0 = No overrun error bit 0 RX9D: Ninth bit of Received Data This can be address/data bit or a parity bit and must be calculated by user firmware. Note 1: The EUSART1 module automatically changes the pin from tri-state to drive as needed. Configure the associated TRIS bits for TX/CK and RX/DT to 1. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 383 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 30-3: BAUD1CON: BAUD RATE CONTROL REGISTER R-0/0 R-1/1 U-0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 U-0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 ABDOVF RCIDL — SCKP BRG16 — WUE ABDEN bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7 ABDOVF: Auto-Baud Detect Overflow bit Asynchronous mode: 1 = Auto-baud timer overflowed 0 = Auto-baud timer did not overflow Synchronous mode: Don’t care bit 6 RCIDL: Receive Idle Flag bit Asynchronous mode: 1 = Receiver is Idle 0 = Start bit has been received and the receiver is receiving Synchronous mode: Don’t care bit 5 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 4 SCKP: Clock/Transmit Polarity Select bit Asynchronous mode: 1 = Idle state for transmit (TX) is a low level 0 = Idle state for transmit (TX) is a high level Synchronous mode: 1 = Idle state for clock (CK) is a high level 0 = Idle state for clock (CK) is a low level bit 3 BRG16: 16-bit Baud Rate Generator bit 1 = 16-bit Baud Rate Generator is used 0 = 8-bit Baud Rate Generator is used bit 2 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 1 WUE: Wake-up Enable bit Asynchronous mode: 1 = EUSART will continue to sample the Rx pin – interrupt generated on falling edge; bit cleared in hardware on following rising edge. 0 = RX pin not monitored nor rising edge detected Synchronous mode: Unused in this mode – value ignored bit 0 ABDEN: Auto-Baud Detect Enable bit Asynchronous mode: 1 = Enable baud rate measurement on the next character – requires reception of a SYNCH field (55h);cleared in hardware upon completion 0 = Baud rate measurement disabled or completed Synchronous mode: Unused in this mode – value ignored DS40001795B-page 384 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 RC1REG(1): RECEIVE DATA REGISTER REGISTER 30-4: R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 RC1REG<7:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-0 Note 1: RC1REG<7:0>: Lower eight bits of the received data; read-only; see also RX9D (Register 30-2) RC1REG (including the ninth bit) is double buffered, and data is available while new data is being received. TX1REG(1): TRANSMIT DATA REGISTER REGISTER 30-5: R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 TX1REG<7:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-0 Note 1: TX1REG<7:0>: Lower eight bits of the received data; read-only; see also RX9D (Register 30-1) TX1REG (including the ninth bit) is double buffered, and can be written when previous data has started shifting. SP1BRGL(1): BAUD RATE GENERATOR REGISTER REGISTER 30-6: R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 SP1BRG<7:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-0 Note 1: SP1BRG<7:0>: Lower eight bits of the Baud Rate Generator Writing to SP1BRG resets the BRG counter. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 385 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 SP1BRGH(1, 2): BAUD RATE GENERATOR HIGH REGISTER REGISTER 30-7: R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 SP1BRG<15:8> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7 Note 1: 2: SP1BRG<15:8>: Upper eight bits of the Baud Rate Generator SP1BRGH value is ignored for all modes unless BAUD1CON<BRG16> is active. Writing to SP1BRGH resets the BRG counter. TABLE 30-2: SUMMARY OF REGISTERS ASSOCIATED WITH EUSART1 Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Register on Page TRISA ― ― TRISA5 TRISA4 ―(2) TRISA2 TRISA1 TRISA0 141 ANSELA ― ― ANSA5 ANSA4 ― ANSA2 ANSA1 ANSA0 142 TRISB(1) TRISB7 TRISB6 TRISB5 TRISB4 ― ― ― ― 147 ANSELB(1) ANSB7 ANSB6 ANSB5 ANSB4 ― ― ― ― 148 TRISC TRISC7 (1) TRISC6(1) TRISC5 TRISC4 TRISC3 TRISC2 TRISC1 TRISC0 154 ANSELC ANSC7(1) ANSC6(1) ANSC5 ANSC4 ANSC3 ANSC2 ANSC1 ANSC0 155 INTCON GIE PEIE ― ― ― ― ― INTEDG 98 Name PIR1 TMR1GIF ADIF RCIF TXIF SSP1IF BCL1IF TMR2IF TMR1IF 105 PIE1 TMR1GIE ADIE RCIE TXIE SSP1IE BCL1IE TMR2IE TMR1IE 100 RC1STA SPEN RX9 SREN CREN ADDEN FERR OERR RX9D 383 TX1STA CSRC TX9 TXEN SYNC SENDB BRGH TRMT TX9D 382 RCIDL ― SCKP BRG16 ― WUE ABDEN 384 BAUD1CON ABDOVF RC1REG RC1REG<7:0> 385 TX1REG TX1REG<7:0> 385 SP1BRGL SP1BRG<7:0> 385 SP1BRGH SP1BRG<15:8> 386 RXPPS ― ― ― RXPPS<4:0> 161 TXPPS ― ― ― TXPPS<4:0> 160 RxyPPS ― ― ― RxyPPS<4:0> 161 CLCxSELy ― ― ― LCxDyS<4:0> 227 MDSRC ― ― ― ― MDMS<3:0> 270 Legend: — = unimplemented location, read as ‘0’. Shaded cells are not used for the EUSART1 module. Note 1: PIC16(L)F18345 only. 2: Unimplemented, read as ‘1’. DS40001795B-page 386 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 TABLE 30-3: BAUD RATE FORMULAS Configuration Bits BRG/EUSART1 Mode Baud Rate Formula 0 8-bit/Asynchronous FOSC/[64 (n+1)] 0 1 8-bit/Asynchronous 0 1 0 16-bit/Asynchronous 0 1 1 16-bit/Asynchronous 1 0 x 8-bit/Synchronous 1 1 x 16-bit/Synchronous SYNC BRG16 BRGH 0 0 0 FOSC/[16 (n+1)] FOSC/[4 (n+1)] Legend: x = Don’t care, n = value of SP1BRGH, SP1BRGL register pair. TABLE 30-4: BAUD RATE FOR ASYNCHRONOUS MODES SYNC = 0, BRGH = 0, BRG16 = 0 BAUD RATE FOSC = 32.000 MHz Actual Rate % Error SPBRG value (decimal) FOSC = 20.000 MHz Actual Rate % Error SPBRG value (decimal) FOSC = 18.432 MHz Actual Rate % Error SPBRG value (decimal) FOSC = 11.0592 MHz Actual Rate % Error SPBRG value (decimal) 300 — — — — — — — — — — — — 1200 — — — 1221 1.73 255 1200 0.00 239 1200 0.00 143 2400 2404 0.16 207 2404 0.16 129 2400 0.00 119 2400 0.00 71 9600 9615 0.16 51 9470 -1.36 32 9600 0.00 29 9600 0.00 17 10417 10417 0.00 47 10417 0.00 29 10286 -1.26 27 10165 -2.42 16 19.2k 19.23k 0.16 25 19.53k 1.73 15 19.20k 0.00 14 19.20k 0.00 8 57.6k 55.55k -3.55 3 — — — 57.60k 0.00 7 57.60k 0.00 2 115.2k — — — — — — — — — — — — SYNC = 0, BRGH = 0, BRG16 = 0 BAUD RATE FOSC = 8.000 MHz Actual Rate % Error SPBRG value (decimal) FOSC = 4.000 MHz Actual Rate % Error SPBRG value (decimal) FOSC = 3.6864 MHz Actual Rate % Error SPBRG value (decimal) FOSC = 1.000 MHz Actual Rate % Error SPBRG value (decimal) 300 — — — 300 0.16 207 300 0.00 191 300 0.16 51 1200 1202 0.16 103 1202 0.16 51 1200 0.00 47 1202 0.16 12 2400 2404 0.16 51 2404 0.16 25 2400 0.00 23 — — — 9600 9615 0.16 12 — — — 9600 0.00 5 — — — 10417 10417 0.00 11 10417 0.00 5 — — — — — — 19.2k — — — — — — 19.20k 0.00 2 — — — 57.6k — — — — — — 57.60k 0.00 0 — — — 115.2k — — — — — — — — — — — — 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 387 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 TABLE 30-4: BAUD RATE FOR ASYNCHRONOUS MODES (CONTINUED) SYNC = 0, BRGH = 1, BRG16 = 0 BAUD RATE FOSC = 32.000 MHz Actual Rate % Error SPBRG value (decimal) FOSC = 20.000 MHz Actual Rate % Error SPBRG value (decimal) FOSC = 18.432 MHz Actual Rate % Error FOSC = 11.0592 MHz SPBRG value (decimal) Actual Rate % Error SPBRG value (decimal) 300 — — — — — — — — — — — — 1200 — — — — — — — — — — — — 2400 — — — — — — — — — — — — 9600 9615 0.16 207 9615 0.16 129 9600 0.00 119 9600 0.00 71 10417 10417 0.00 191 10417 0.00 119 10378 -0.37 110 10473 0.53 65 19.2k 19.23k 0.16 103 19.23k 0.16 64 19.20k 0.00 59 19.20k 0.00 35 57.6k 57.14k -0.79 34 56.82k -1.36 21 57.60k 0.00 19 57.60k 0.00 11 115.2k 117.64k 2.12 16 113.64k -1.36 10 115.2k 0.00 9 115.2k 0.00 5 SYNC = 0, BRGH = 1, BRG16 = 0 BAUD RATE FOSC = 8.000 MHz Actual Rate % Error SPBRG value (decimal) FOSC = 4.000 MHz Actual Rate % Error SPBRG value (decimal) FOSC = 3.6864 MHz Actual Rate % Error FOSC = 1.000 MHz SPBRG value (decimal) Actual Rate % Error SPBRG value (decimal) 207 300 — — — — — — — — — 300 0.16 1200 — — — 1202 0.16 207 1200 0.00 191 1202 0.16 51 2400 2404 0.16 207 2404 0.16 103 2400 0.00 95 2404 0.16 25 9600 9615 0.16 51 9615 0.16 25 9600 0.00 23 — — — 10417 10417 0.00 47 10417 0.00 23 10473 0.53 21 10417 0.00 5 19.2k 19231 0.16 25 19.23k 0.16 12 19.2k 0.00 11 — — — 57.6k 55556 -3.55 8 — — — 57.60k 0.00 3 — — — 115.2k — — — — — — 115.2k 0.00 1 — — — SYNC = 0, BRGH = 0, BRG16 = 1 BAUD RATE FOSC = 32.000 MHz FOSC = 20.000 MHz FOSC = 18.432 MHz FOSC = 11.0592 MHz Actual Rate % Error SPBRG value (decimal) 300 1200 300.0 1200 0.00 -0.02 6666 3332 300.0 1200 -0.01 -0.03 4166 1041 300.0 1200 0.00 0.00 3839 959 300.0 1200 0.00 0.00 2303 575 2400 2401 -0.04 832 2399 -0.03 520 2400 0.00 479 2400 0.00 287 Actual Rate % Error SPBRG value (decimal) Actual Rate % Error SPBRG value (decimal) Actual Rate % Error SPBRG value (decimal) 9600 9615 0.16 207 9615 0.16 129 9600 0.00 119 9600 0.00 71 10417 10417 0.00 191 10417 0.00 119 10378 -0.37 110 10473 0.53 65 19.2k 19.23k 0.16 103 19.23k 0.16 64 19.20k 0.00 59 19.20k 0.00 35 57.6k 57.14k -0.79 34 56.818 -1.36 21 57.60k 0.00 19 57.60k 0.00 11 115.2k 117.6k 2.12 16 113.636 -1.36 10 115.2k 0.00 9 115.2k 0.00 5 DS40001795B-page 388 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 TABLE 30-4: BAUD RATE FOR ASYNCHRONOUS MODES (CONTINUED) SYNC = 0, BRGH = 0, BRG16 = 1 BAUD RATE FOSC = 8.000 MHz Actual Rate FOSC = 4.000 MHz % Error SPBRG value (decimal) Actual Rate FOSC = 3.6864 MHz % Error SPBRG value (decimal) Actual Rate % Error FOSC = 1.000 MHz SPBRG value (decimal) Actual Rate % Error SPBRG value (decimal) 300 299.9 -0.02 1666 300.1 0.04 832 300.0 0.00 767 300.5 0.16 207 1200 1199 -0.08 416 1202 0.16 207 1200 0.00 191 1202 0.16 51 2400 2404 0.16 207 2404 0.16 103 2400 0.00 95 2404 0.16 25 9600 9615 0.16 51 9615 0.16 25 9600 0.00 23 — — — 10417 10417 0.00 47 10417 0.00 23 10473 0.53 21 10417 0.00 5 19.2k 19.23k 0.16 25 19.23k 0.16 12 19.20k 0.00 11 — — — 57.6k 55556 -3.55 8 — — — 57.60k 0.00 3 — — — 115.2k — — — — — — 115.2k 0.00 1 — — — SYNC = 0, BRGH = 1, BRG16 = 1 or SYNC = 1, BRG16 = 1 BAUD RATE FOSC = 32.000 MHz FOSC = 20.000 MHz FOSC = 18.432 MHz FOSC = 11.0592 MHz Actual Rate % Error SPBRG value (decimal) 300 1200 300.0 1200 0.00 0.00 26666 6666 300.0 1200 0.00 -0.01 16665 4166 300.0 1200 0.00 0.00 15359 3839 300.0 1200 0.00 0.00 9215 2303 2400 2400 0.01 3332 2400 0.02 2082 2400 0.00 1919 2400 0.00 1151 Actual Rate % Error SPBRG value (decimal) Actual Rate % Error SPBRG value (decimal) Actual Rate % Error SPBRG value (decimal) 9600 9604 0.04 832 9597 -0.03 520 9600 0.00 479 9600 0.00 287 10417 10417 0.00 767 10417 0.00 479 10425 0.08 441 10433 0.16 264 19.2k 19.18k -0.08 416 19.23k 0.16 259 19.20k 0.00 239 19.20k 0.00 143 57.6k 57.55k -0.08 138 57.47k -0.22 86 57.60k 0.00 79 57.60k 0.00 47 115.2k 115.9k 0.64 68 116.3k 0.94 42 115.2k 0.00 39 115.2k 0.00 23 SYNC = 0, BRGH = 1, BRG16 = 1 or SYNC = 1, BRG16 = 1 BAUD RATE FOSC = 8.000 MHz Actual Rate FOSC = 4.000 MHz % Error SPBRG value (decimal) Actual Rate FOSC = 3.6864 MHz % Error SPBRG value (decimal) Actual Rate FOSC = 1.000 MHz % Error SPBRG value (decimal) Actual Rate % Error SPBRG value (decimal) 300 300.0 0.00 6666 300.0 0.01 3332 300.0 0.00 3071 300.1 0.04 832 1200 1200 -0.02 1666 1200 0.04 832 1200 0.00 767 1202 0.16 207 2400 2401 0.04 832 2398 0.08 416 2400 0.00 383 2404 0.16 103 9600 9615 0.16 207 9615 0.16 103 9600 0.00 95 9615 0.16 25 10417 10417 0 191 10417 0.00 95 10473 0.53 87 10417 0.00 23 19.2k 19.23k 0.16 103 19.23k 0.16 51 19.20k 0.00 47 19.23k 0.16 12 57.6k 57.14k -0.79 34 58.82k 2.12 16 57.60k 0.00 15 — — — 115.2k 117.6k 2.12 16 111.1k -3.55 8 115.2k 0.00 7 — — — 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 389 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 31.0 REFERENCE CLOCK OUTPUT MODULE The Reference Clock Output module provides the ability to send a clock signal to the clock reference output pin (CLKR). The Reference Clock Output can also be used as a signal for other peripherals, such as the Data Signal Modulator (DSM). The Reference Clock Output module has the following features: • System clock is the module source clock • Programmable clock divider • Selectable duty cycle 31.1 The duty cycle can be changed while the module is enabled; however, in order to prevent glitches on the output, the CLKRDC<1:0> bits should only be changed when the module is disabled (CLKREN = 0). Clock Source CLOCK SYNCHRONIZATION Once the reference clock enable (CLKREN) is set, the module is ensured to be glitch-free at start-up. Selectable Duty Cycle The CLKRDC<1:0> bits of the CLKRCON register can be used to modify the duty cycle of the output clock. A duty cycle of 25%, 50%, or 75% can be selected for all clock rates, with the exception of the undivided base FOSC value. Note: The Reference Clock Output module uses the system clock (FOSC) as the clock source. Any device clock switching will be reflected in the clock output. 31.1.1 31.3 31.4 The CLKRDC1 bit is reset to ‘1’. This makes the default duty cycle 50% and not 0%. Operation in Sleep Mode The Reference Clock Output module clock is based on the system clock. When the device goes to Sleep, the module outputs will remain in their current state. This will have a direct effect on peripherals using the Reference Clock Output as an input signal. When the Reference Clock Output is disabled, the output signal will be disabled immediately. Clock dividers and clock duty cycles can be changed while the module is enabled, but glitches may occur on the output. To avoid possible glitches, clock dividers and clock duty cycles should be changed only when the CLKREN is clear. 31.2 Programmable Clock Divider The module takes the system clock input and divides it based on the value of the CLKRDIV<2:0> bits of the CLKRCON register (Register 31-1). The following configurations can be made based on the CLKRDIV<2:0> bits: • • • • • • • • Base FOSC value FOSC divided by 2 FOSC divided by 4 FOSC divided by 8 FOSC divided by 16 FOSC divided by 32 FOSC divided by 64 FOSC divided by 128 The clock divider values can be changed while the module is enabled; however, in order to prevent glitches on the output, the CLKRDIV<2:0> bits should only be changed when the module is disabled (CLKREN = 0). DS40001795B-page 390 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 FIGURE 31-1: CLOCK REFERENCE BLOCK DIAGRAM CLKRDIV<2:0> FOSC CLKREN D FREEZE ENABLED (1) ICD FREEZE MODE (1) 000 Q FOSC/2 001 FOSC/4 010 FOSC/8 011 FOSC/16 100 FOSC/32 101 FOSC/64 110 FOSC/128 111 EN Clock Counter CLKREN CLKRDC<1:0> CLKR Duty Cycle To Peripherals Counter Reset Note 1: Freeze is used in Debug Mode only; otherwise read as ‘0’ FIGURE 31-2: CLOCK REFERENCE TIMING P2 P1 FOSC CLKREN CLKR Output CLKRDIV[2:0] = 001 CLKRDC[1:0] = 10 CLKR Output Duty Cycle (50%) FOSC / 2 CLKRDIV[2:0] = 001 CLKRDC[1:0] = 01 Duty Cycle (25%) 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 391 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 REGISTER 31-1: CLKRCON: REFERENCE CLOCK CONTROL REGISTER R/W-0/0 U-0 U-0 CLKREN — — R/W-1/1 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 R/W-0/0 CLKRDC<1:0> R/W-0/0 CLKRDIV<2:0> bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ u = Bit is unchanged x = Bit is unknown -n/n = Value at POR and BOR/Value at all other Resets ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7 CLKREN: Reference Clock Module Enable bit 1 = Reference clock module enabled 0 = Reference clock module is disabled bit 6-5 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’. bit 4-3 CLKRDC<1:0>: Reference Clock Duty Cycle bits (1) 11 = Clock outputs duty cycle of 75% 10 = Clock outputs duty cycle of 50% 01 = Clock outputs duty cycle of 25% 00 = Clock outputs duty cycle of 0% bit 2-0 CLKRDIV<2:0>: Reference Clock Divider bits 111 = FOSC divided by 128 110 = FOSC divided by 64 101 = FOSC divided by 32 100 = FOSC divided by 16 011 = FOSC divided by 8 010 = FOSC divided by 4 001 = FOSC divided by 2 000 = FOSC Note 1: Bits are valid for Reference Clock divider values of two or larger, the base clock cannot be further divided. TABLE 31-1: Name TRISA TRISB(1) SUMMARY OF REGISTERS ASSOCIATED WITH CLOCK REFERENCE OUTPUT Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 ― ― TRISA5 TRISA4 ―(2) TRISB7 TRISB6 TRISB5 TRISB4 ― TRISC5 TRISC4 TRISC3 TRISC2 TRISC1 TRISC TRISC7(1) TRISC6(1) CLKRCON CLKREN ― CLCxSELy ― ― MDCARH ― MDCHPOL MDCHSYNC ― MDCARL ― MDCLPOL MDCLSYNC ― RxyPPS ― ― ― Bit 2 Bit 1 TRISA2 TRISA1 ― Register on Page TRISA0 141 ― CLKRDC<1:0> ― 147 TRISC0 154 CLKRDIV<2:0> LCxDyS<5:0> ― Bit 0 225 227 MDCH<3:0> MDCL<3:0> RxyPPS<4:0> 271 272 161 Legend: — = unimplemented, read as ‘0’. Shaded cells are not used by the CLKR module. Note 1: PIC16(L)F18345 only. 2: Unimplemented, read as ‘1’. DS40001795B-page 392 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 32.0 IN-CIRCUIT SERIAL PROGRAMMING™ (ICSP™) 32.3 ICSP™ programming allows customers to manufacture circuit boards with unprogrammed devices. Programming can be done after the assembly process, allowing the device to be programmed with the most recent firmware or a custom firmware. Five pins are needed for ICSP™ programming: • ICSPCLK • ICSPDAT • MCLR/VPP • VDD • VSS Connection to a target device is typically done through an ICSP™ header. A commonly found connector on development tools is the RJ-11 in the 6P6C (6-pin, 6-connector) configuration. See Figure 32-1. FIGURE 32-1: VDD In Program/Verify mode the program memory, user IDs and the Configuration Words are programmed through serial communications. The ICSPDAT pin is a bidirectional I/O used for transferring the serial data and the ICSPCLK pin is the clock input. For more information on ICSP™ refer to the “PIC16(L)F183XX Memory Programming Specification” (DS40001738). 32.1 The Low-Voltage Programming Entry mode allows the PIC® Flash MCUs to be programmed using VDD only, without high voltage. When the LVP bit of Configuration Words is set to ‘1’, the low-voltage ICSP programming entry is enabled. To disable the Low-Voltage ICSP mode, the LVP bit must be programmed to ‘0’. Entry into the Low-Voltage Programming Entry mode requires the following steps: 1. 2. MCLR is brought to VIL. A 32-bit key sequence is presented on ICSPDAT, while clocking ICSPCLK. ICSPDAT NC 2 4 6 ICSPCLK 1 3 5 Target VSS PC Board Bottom Side Pin Description* 1 = VPP/MCLR High-Voltage Programming Entry Mode Low-Voltage Programming Entry Mode ICD RJ-11 STYLE CONNECTOR INTERFACE VPP/MCLR 2 = VDD Target 3 = VSS (ground) 4 = ICSPDAT The device is placed into High-Voltage Programming Entry mode by holding the ICSPCLK and ICSPDAT pins low then raising the voltage on MCLR/VPP to VIHH. 32.2 Common Programming Interfaces 5 = ICSPCLK 6 = No Connect Another connector often found in use with the PICkit™ programmers is a standard 6-pin header with 0.1 inch spacing. Refer to Figure 32-2. For additional interface recommendations, refer to your specific device programmer manual prior to PCB design. It is recommended that isolation devices be used to separate the programming pins from other circuitry. The type of isolation is highly dependent on the specific application and may include devices such as resistors, diodes, or even jumpers. See Figure 32-3 for more information. Once the key sequence is complete, MCLR must be held at VIL for as long as Program/Verify mode is to be maintained. If low-voltage programming is enabled (LVP = 1), the MCLR Reset function is automatically enabled and cannot be disabled. See Section 5.4 “MCLR” for more information. The LVP bit can only be reprogrammed to ‘0’ by using the High-Voltage Programming mode. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 393 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 FIGURE 32-2: PICkit™ PROGRAMMER STYLE CONNECTOR INTERFACE Pin 1 Indicator Pin Description* 1 = VPP/MCLR 1 2 3 4 5 6 2 = VDD Target 3 = VSS (ground) 4 = ICSPDAT 5 = ICSPCLK 6 = No Connect * FIGURE 32-3: The 6-pin header (0.100" spacing) accepts 0.025" square pins. TYPICAL CONNECTION FOR ICSP™ PROGRAMMING External Programming Signals Device to be Programmed VDD VDD VDD VPP MCLR/VPP VSS VSS Data ICSPDAT Clock ICSPCLK * * * To Normal Connections * Isolation devices (as required). DS40001795B-page 394 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 33.0 INSTRUCTION SET SUMMARY Each instruction is a 14-bit word containing the operation code (opcode) and all required operands. The opcodes are broken into three broad categories. • Byte Oriented • Bit Oriented • Literal and Control The literal and control category contains the most varied instruction word format. Table 33-3 lists the instructions recognized by the MPASM™ assembler. All instructions are executed within a single instruction cycle, with the following exceptions, which may take two or three cycles: • Subroutine takes two cycles (CALL, CALLW) • Returns from interrupts or subroutines take two cycles (RETURN, RETLW, RETFIE) • Program branching takes two cycles (GOTO, BRA, BRW, BTFSS, BTFSC, DECFSZ, INCSFZ) • One additional instruction cycle will be used when any instruction references an indirect file register and the file select register is pointing to program memory. One instruction cycle consists of 4 oscillator cycles; for an oscillator frequency of 4 MHz, this gives a nominal instruction execution rate of 1 MHz. All instruction examples use the format ‘0xhh’ to represent a hexadecimal number, where ‘h’ signifies a hexadecimal digit. 33.1 Read-Modify-Write Operations Any instruction that specifies a file register as part of the instruction performs a Read-Modify-Write (R-M-W) operation. The register is read, the data is modified, and the result is stored according to either the instruction, or the destination designator ‘d’. A read operation is performed on a register even if the instruction writes to that register. TABLE 33-1: OPCODE FIELD DESCRIPTIONS Field f Description Register file address (0x00 to 0x7F) W Working register (accumulator) b Bit address within an 8-bit file register k Literal field, constant data or label x Don’t care location (= 0 or 1). The assembler will generate code with x = 0. It is the recommended form of use for compatibility with all Microchip software tools. d Destination select; d = 0: store result in W, d = 1: store result in file register f. Default is d = 1. n FSR or INDF number. (0-1) mm Pre-post increment-decrement mode selection TABLE 33-2: ABBREVIATION DESCRIPTIONS Field PC TO C DC Z PD 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary Description Program Counter Time-Out bit Carry bit Digit Carry bit Zero bit Power-Down bit DS40001795B-page 395 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 FIGURE 33-1: GENERAL FORMAT FOR INSTRUCTIONS Byte-oriented file register operations 13 8 7 6 OPCODE d f (FILE #) 0 d = 0 for destination W d = 1 for destination f f = 7-bit file register address Bit-oriented file register operations 13 10 9 7 6 OPCODE b (BIT #) f (FILE #) 0 b = 3-bit bit address f = 7-bit file register address Literal and control operations General 13 OPCODE 8 7 0 k (literal) k = 8-bit immediate value CALL and GOTO instructions only 13 11 10 OPCODE 0 k (literal) k = 11-bit immediate value MOVLP instruction only 13 OPCODE 7 6 0 k (literal) k = 7-bit immediate value MOVLB instruction only 13 OPCODE 5 4 0 k (literal) k = 5-bit immediate value BRA instruction only 13 OPCODE 9 8 0 k (literal) k = 9-bit immediate value FSR Offset instructions 13 OPCODE 7 6 n 5 0 k (literal) n = appropriate FSR k = 6-bit immediate value FSR Increment instructions 13 OPCODE 3 2 1 0 n m (mode) n = appropriate FSR m = 2-bit mode value OPCODE only 13 0 OPCODE DS40001795B-page 396 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 TABLE 33-3: PIC16(L)F18325/18345 INSTRUCTION SET 14-bit Opcode Mnemonic, Operands Description Cycles MSb LSb Status Affected Notes BYTE-ORIENTED FILE REGISTER OPERATIONS ADDWF ADDWFC ANDWF ASRF LSLF LSRF CLRF CLRW COMF DECF INCF IORWF MOVF MOVWF RLF RRF SUBWF SUBWFB SWAPF XORWF f, d f, d f, d f, d f, d f, d f – f, d f, d f, d f, d f, d f f, d f, d f, d f, d f, d f, d Add W and f Add with Carry W and f AND W with f Arithmetic Right Shift Logical Left Shift Logical Right Shift Clear f Clear W Complement f Decrement f Increment f Inclusive OR W with f Move f Move W to f Rotate Left f through Carry Rotate Right f through Carry Subtract W from f Subtract with Borrow W from f Swap nibbles in f Exclusive OR W with f 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 00 11 00 11 11 11 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 11 00 00 0111 1101 0101 0111 0101 0110 0001 0001 1001 0011 1010 0100 1000 0000 1101 1100 0010 1011 1110 0110 dfff dfff dfff dfff dfff dfff lfff 0000 dfff dfff dfff dfff dfff 1fff dfff dfff dfff dfff dfff dfff ffff ffff ffff ffff ffff ffff ffff 00xx ffff ffff ffff ffff ffff ffff ffff ffff ffff ffff ffff ffff C, DC, Z C, DC, Z Z C, Z C, Z C, Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z C C C, DC, Z C, DC, Z Z 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 BYTE ORIENTED SKIP OPERATIONS DECFSZ INCFSZ f, d f, d Decrement f, Skip if 0 Increment f, Skip if 0 1(2) 1(2) 00 00 1, 2 1, 2 1011 dfff ffff 1111 dfff ffff BIT-ORIENTED FILE REGISTER OPERATIONS f, b f, b BCF BSF Bit Clear f Bit Set f 1 1 00bb bfff ffff 01bb bfff ffff 2 2 01 01 10bb bfff ffff 11bb bfff ffff 1, 2 1, 2 11 11 11 00 11 11 11 11 1110 1001 1000 0000 0001 0000 1100 1010 kkkk kkkk kkkk 001k 1kkk kkkk kkkk kkkk kkkk kkkk kkkk kkkk kkkk kkkk kkkk kkkk 11 00 10 00 10 00 11 00 001k 0000 0kkk 0000 1kkk 0000 0100 0000 kkkk 0000 kkkk 0000 kkkk 0000 kkkk 0000 kkkk 1011 kkkk 1010 kkkk 1001 kkkk 1000 01 01 BIT-ORIENTED SKIP OPERATIONS BTFSC BTFSS f, b f, b Bit Test f, Skip if Clear Bit Test f, Skip if Set 1 (2) 1 (2) LITERAL OPERATIONS ADDLW ANDLW IORLW MOVLB MOVLP MOVLW SUBLW XORLW k k k k k k k k Add literal and W AND literal with W Inclusive OR literal with W Move literal to BSR Move literal to PCLATH Move literal to W Subtract W from literal Exclusive OR literal with W 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 C, DC, Z Z Z C, DC, Z Z CONTROL OPERATIONS Relative Branch Relative Branch with W Call Subroutine Call Subroutine with W Go to address Return from interrupt Return with literal in W Return from Subroutine 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 BRA BRW CALL CALLW GOTO RETFIE RETLW RETURN k – k – k k k – Note 1: If the Program Counter (PC) is modified, or a conditional test is true, the instruction requires two cycles. The second cycle is executed as a NOP. If this instruction addresses an INDF register and the MSb of the corresponding FSR is set, this instruction will require one additional instruction cycle. See table in the MOVIW and MOVWI instruction descriptions. 2: 3: 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 397 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 TABLE 33-3: PIC16(L)F18325/18345 INSTRUCTION SET (CONTINUED) 14-bit Opcode Mnemonic, Operands Description Cycles MSb LSb Status Affected Notes INHERENT OPERATIONS CLRWDT NOP OPTION RESET SLEEP TRIS – – – – – f Clear Watchdog Timer No Operation Load OPTION_REG register with W Software device Reset Go into Standby mode Load TRIS register with W 1 1 1 1 1 1 00 00 00 00 00 00 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0110 0000 0110 0000 0110 0110 0100 TO, PD 0000 0010 0001 0011 TO, PD 0fff C-COMPILER OPTIMIZED ADDFSR MOVIW n, k n mm MOVWI k[n] n mm k[n] Note 1: 2: 3: Add Literal k to FSRn Move Indirect FSRn to W with pre/post inc/dec modifier, mm Move INDFn to W, Indexed Indirect. Move W to Indirect FSRn with pre/post inc/dec modifier, mm Move W to INDFn, Indexed Indirect. 1 1 11 00 0001 0nkk kkkk 0000 0001 0nmm Z 2, 3 1 1 11 00 1111 0nkk kkkk Z 0000 0001 1nmm 2 2, 3 1 11 1111 1nkk kkkk 2 If the Program Counter (PC) is modified, or a conditional test is true, the instruction requires two cycles. The second cycle is executed as a NOP. If this instruction addresses an INDF register and the MSb of the corresponding FSR is set, this instruction will require one additional instruction cycle. See table in the MOVIW and MOVWI instruction descriptions. DS40001795B-page 398 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 33.2 Instruction Descriptions ADDFSR Add Literal to FSRn ANDLW AND literal with W Syntax: [ label ] ADDFSR FSRn, k Syntax: [ label ] ANDLW Operands: -32 k 31 n [ 0, 1] Operands: 0 k 255 Operation: (W) .AND. (k) (W) Operation: FSR(n) + k FSR(n) Status Affected: Z Status Affected: None Description: Description: The signed 6-bit literal ‘k’ is added to the contents of the FSRnH:FSRnL register pair. The contents of W register are AND’ed with the 8-bit literal ‘k’. The result is placed in the W register. ANDWF AND W with f k FSRn is limited to the range 0000h-FFFFh. Moving beyond these bounds will cause the FSR to wrap-around. ADDLW Add literal and W Syntax: [ label ] ADDLW Operands: 0 k 255 Operation: Status Affected: Syntax: [ label ] ANDWF Operands: 0 f 127 d 0,1 (W) + k (W) Operation: (W) .AND. (f) (destination) C, DC, Z Status Affected: Z Description: The contents of the W register are added to the 8-bit literal ‘k’ and the result is placed in the W register. Description: AND the W register with register ‘f’. If ‘d’ is ‘0’, the result is stored in the W register. If ‘d’ is ‘1’, the result is stored back in register ‘f’. ASRF Arithmetic Right Shift ADDWF Add W and f Syntax: [ label ] ADDWF Operands: 0 f 127 d 0,1 Operation: (W) + (f) (destination) Status Affected: C, DC, Z Description: Add the contents of the W register with register ‘f’. If ‘d’ is ‘0’, the result is stored in the W register. If ‘d’ is ‘1’, the result is stored back in register ‘f’. ADDWFC k f,d Syntax: [ label ] ASRF Operands: 0 f 127 d [0,1] Operation: (f<7>) dest<7> (f<7:1>) dest<6:0>, (f<0>) C, [ label ] ADDWFC Operands: 0 f 127 d [0,1] Operation: (W) + (f) + (C) dest C, Z Description: The contents of register ‘f’ are shifted one bit to the right through the Carry flag. The MSb remains unchanged. If ‘d’ is ‘0’, the result is placed in W. If ‘d’ is ‘1’, the result is stored back in register ‘f’. register f C f {,d} Status Affected: C, DC, Z Description: Add W, the Carry flag and data memory location ‘f’. If ‘d’ is ‘0’, the result is placed in W. If ‘d’ is ‘1’, the result is placed in data memory location ‘f’. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. f {,d} Status Affected: ADD W and CARRY bit to f Syntax: f,d Preliminary DS40001795B-page 399 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 BCF Bit Clear f Syntax: [ label ] BCF BTFSC f,b Bit Test f, Skip if Clear Syntax: [ label ] BTFSC f,b 0 f 127 0b7 Operands: 0 f 127 0b7 Operands: Operation: 0 (f<b>) Operation: skip if (f<b>) = 0 Status Affected: None Status Affected: None Description: Bit ‘b’ in register ‘f’ is cleared. Description: If bit ‘b’ in register ‘f’ is ‘1’, the next instruction is executed. If bit ‘b’, in register ‘f’, is ‘0’, the next instruction is discarded, and a NOP is executed instead, making this a 2-cycle instruction. BRA Relative Branch BTFSS Bit Test f, Skip if Set Syntax: [ label ] BRA label [ label ] BRA $+k Syntax: [ label ] BTFSS f,b Operands: 0 f 127 0b<7 Operands: -256 label - PC + 1 255 -256 k 255 Operation: skip if (f<b>) = 1 Operation: (PC) + 1 + k PC Status Affected: None Status Affected: None Description: Description: Add the signed 9-bit literal ‘k’ to the PC. Since the PC will have incremented to fetch the next instruction, the new address will be PC + 1 + k. This instruction is a 2-cycle instruction. This branch has a limited range. If bit ‘b’ in register ‘f’ is ‘0’, the next instruction is executed. If bit ‘b’ is ‘1’, then the next instruction is discarded and a NOP is executed instead, making this a 2-cycle instruction. BRW Relative Branch with W Syntax: [ label ] BRW Operands: None Operation: (PC) + (W) PC Status Affected: None Description: Add the contents of W (unsigned) to the PC. Since the PC will have incremented to fetch the next instruction, the new address will be PC + 1 + (W). This instruction is a 2-cycle instruction. BSF Bit Set f Syntax: [ label ] BSF Operands: 0 f 127 0b7 Operation: 1 (f<b>) Status Affected: None Description: Bit ‘b’ in register ‘f’ is set. DS40001795B-page 400 f,b Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 CALL Call Subroutine CLRWDT Clear Watchdog Timer Syntax: [ label ] CALL k Syntax: [ label ] CLRWDT Operands: 0 k 2047 Operands: None Operation: (PC)+ 1 TOS, k PC<10:0>, (PCLATH<6:3>) PC<14:11> Operation: Status Affected: None 00h WDT 0 WDT prescaler, 1 TO 1 PD Description: Call Subroutine. First, return address (PC + 1) is pushed onto the stack. The 11-bit immediate address is loaded into PC bits <10:0>. The upper bits of the PC are loaded from PCLATH. CALL is a 2-cycle instruction. Status Affected: TO, PD Description: CLRWDT instruction resets the Watchdog Timer. It also resets the prescaler of the WDT. Status bits TO and PD are set. CALLW Subroutine Call With W COMF Complement f Syntax: [ label ] CALLW Syntax: [ label ] COMF Operands: None Operands: Operation: (PC) +1 TOS, (W) PC<7:0>, (PCLATH<6:0>) PC<14:8> 0 f 127 d [0,1] Operation: (f) (destination) Status Affected: Z Description: The contents of register ‘f’ are complemented. If ‘d’ is ‘0’, the result is stored in W. If ‘d’ is ‘1’, the result is stored back in register ‘f’. DECF Decrement f Syntax: [ label ] DECF f,d Status Affected: None Description: Subroutine call with W. First, the return address (PC + 1) is pushed onto the return stack. Then, the contents of W is loaded into PC<7:0>, and the contents of PCLATH into PC<14:8>. CALLW is a 2-cycle instruction. CLRF Clear f Syntax: [ label ] CLRF f f,d Operands: 0 f 127 Operands: Operation: 00h (f) 1Z 0 f 127 d [0,1] Operation: (f) - 1 (destination) Status Affected: Z Status Affected: Z Description: The contents of register ‘f’ are cleared and the Z bit is set. Description: Decrement register ‘f’. If ‘d’ is ‘0’, the result is stored in the W register. If ‘d’ is ‘1’, the result is stored back in register ‘f’. CLRW Clear W Syntax: [ label ] CLRW Operands: None Operation: 00h (W) 1Z Status Affected: Z Description: W register is cleared. Zero bit (Z) is set. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 401 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 DECFSZ Decrement f, Skip if 0 INCFSZ Syntax: [ label ] DECFSZ f,d Syntax: [ label ] Operands: 0 f 127 d [0,1] Operands: 0 f 127 d [0,1] Operation: (f) - 1 (destination); skip if result = 0 Operation: (f) + 1 (destination), skip if result = 0 Status Affected: None Status Affected: None Description: The contents of register ‘f’ are decremented. If ‘d’ is ‘0’, the result is placed in the W register. If ‘d’ is ‘1’, the result is placed back in register ‘f’. If the result is ‘1’, the next instruction is executed. If the result is ‘0’, then a NOP is executed instead, making it a 2-cycle instruction. Description: The contents of register ‘f’ are incremented. If ‘d’ is ‘0’, the result is placed in the W register. If ‘d’ is ‘1’, the result is placed back in register ‘f’. If the result is ‘1’, the next instruction is executed. If the result is ‘0’, a NOP is executed instead, making it a 2-cycle instruction. GOTO Unconditional Branch IORLW Inclusive OR literal with W Syntax: [ label ] Syntax: [ label ] GOTO k Increment f, Skip if 0 INCFSZ f,d IORLW k Operands: 0 k 2047 Operands: 0 k 255 Operation: k PC<10:0> PCLATH<6:3> PC<14:11> Operation: (W) .OR. k (W) Status Affected: Z Status Affected: None Description: Description: GOTO is an unconditional branch. The 11-bit immediate value is loaded into PC bits <10:0>. The upper bits of PC are loaded from PCLATH<4:3>. GOTO is a 2-cycle instruction. The contents of the W register are OR’ed with the 8-bit literal ‘k’. The result is placed in the W register. INCF Increment f IORWF Inclusive OR W with f Syntax: [ label ] Syntax: [ label ] Operands: 0 f 127 d [0,1] Operands: 0 f 127 d [0,1] Operation: (f) + 1 (destination) Operation: (W) .OR. (f) (destination) Status Affected: Z Status Affected: Z Description: The contents of register ‘f’ are incremented. If ‘d’ is ‘0’, the result is placed in the W register. If ‘d’ is ‘1’, the result is placed back in register ‘f’. Description: Inclusive OR the W register with register ‘f’. If ‘d’ is ‘0’, the result is placed in the W register. If ‘d’ is ‘1’, the result is placed back in register ‘f’. DS40001795B-page 402 INCF f,d Preliminary IORWF f,d 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 LSLF Logical Left Shift MOVF Syntax: [ label ] LSLF Syntax: [ label ] Operands: 0 f 127 d [0,1] Operands: 0 f 127 d [0,1] Operation: (f<7>) C (f<6:0>) dest<7:1> 0 dest<0> Operation: (f) (dest) f {,d} Status Affected: C, Z Description: The contents of register ‘f’ are shifted one bit to the left through the Carry flag. A ‘0’ is shifted into the LSb. If ‘d’ is ‘0’, the result is placed in W. If ‘d’ is ‘1’, the result is stored back in register ‘f’. C register f 0 Z Description: The contents of register f is moved to a destination dependent upon the status of d. If d = 0, destination is W register. If d = 1, the destination is file register f itself. d = 1 is useful to test a file register since status flag Z is affected. Words: 1 Cycles: 1 Logical Right Shift Syntax: [ label ] LSRF Operands: 0 f 127 d [0,1] Operation: 0 dest<7> (f<7:1>) dest<6:0>, (f<0>) C, Status Affected: C, Z Description: The contents of register ‘f’ are shifted one bit to the right through the Carry flag. A ‘0’ is shifted into the MSb. If ‘d’ is ‘0’, the result is placed in W. If ‘d’ is ‘1’, the result is stored back in register ‘f’. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. MOVF FSR, 0 After Instruction W = value in FSR register Z = 1 LSRF f {,d} register f MOVF f,d Status Affected: Example: 0 Move f C Preliminary DS40001795B-page 403 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 MOVIW Move INDFn to W MOVLP Syntax: [ label ] MOVIW ++FSRn [ label ] MOVIW --FSRn [ label ] MOVIW FSRn++ [ label ] MOVIW FSRn-[ label ] MOVIW k[FSRn] Syntax: [ label ] MOVLP k Operands: 0 k 127 Operation: k PCLATH Status Affected: None Operands: n [0,1] mm [00,01, 10, 11] -32 k 31 Description: The 7-bit literal ‘k’ is loaded into the PCLATH register. Operation: INDFn W Effective address is determined by • FSR + 1 (preincrement) • FSR - 1 (predecrement) • FSR + k (relative offset) After the Move, the FSR value will be either: • FSR + 1 (all increments) • FSR - 1 (all decrements) • Unchanged Status Affected: MOVLW Move literal to W Syntax: [ label ] 0 k 255 Operation: k (W) Status Affected: None Description: The 8-bit literal ‘k’ is loaded into W register. The “don’t cares” will assemble as ‘0’s. Words: 1 1 Mode Syntax mm Cycles: Preincrement ++FSRn 00 Example: --FSRn 01 Postincrement FSRn++ 10 Postdecrement FSRn-- 11 Description: Note: The INDFn registers are not physical registers. Any instruction that accesses an INDFn register actually accesses the register at the address specified by the FSRn. Syntax: [ label ] MOVLB k Operands: 0 k 31 Operation: k BSR Status Affected: None Description: The 5-bit literal ‘k’ is loaded into the Bank Select Register (BSR). DS40001795B-page 404 0x5A MOVWF Move W to f Syntax: [ label ] MOVWF Operands: 0 f 127 Operation: (W) (f) 0x5A f Status Affected: None Description: Move data from W register to register ‘f’. Words: 1 Cycles: 1 Example: FSRn is limited to the range 0000h FFFFh. Incrementing/decrementing it beyond these bounds will cause it to wrap-around. Move literal to BSR MOVLW After Instruction W = This instruction is used to move data between W and one of the indirect registers (INDFn). Before/after this move, the pointer (FSRn) is updated by pre/post incrementing/decrementing it. MOVLB MOVLW k Operands: Z Predecrement Move literal to PCLATH Preliminary MOVWF OPTION_REG Before Instruction OPTION_REG = 0xFF W = 0x4F After Instruction OPTION_REG = 0x4F W = 0x4F 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 MOVWI Move W to INDFn NOP No Operation Syntax: [ label ] MOVWI ++FSRn [ label ] MOVWI --FSRn [ label ] MOVWI FSRn++ [ label ] MOVWI FSRn-[ label ] MOVWI k[FSRn] Syntax: [ label ] Operands: None Operation: No operation Status Affected: None n [0,1] mm [00,01, 10, 11] -32 k 31 Description: No operation. Words: 1 Cycles: 1 Operands: Operation: Status Affected: W INDFn Effective address is determined by • FSR + 1 (preincrement) • FSR - 1 (predecrement) • FSR + k (relative offset) After the Move, the FSR value will be either: • FSR + 1 (all increments) • FSR - 1 (all decrements) Unchanged None NOP OPTION Load OPTION_REG Register with W Syntax: [ label ] OPTION Operands: None Operation: (W) OPTION_REG Status Affected: None Description: Move data from W register to OPTION_REG register. 1 Mode Syntax Preincrement ++FSRn 00 Predecrement --FSRn 01 Postincrement FSRn++ 10 Words: Postdecrement FSRn-- 11 Cycles: 1 Example: OPTION Description: mm Example: Before Instruction OPTION_REG = 0xFF W = 0x4F After Instruction OPTION_REG = 0x4F W = 0x4F This instruction is used to move data between W and one of the indirect registers (INDFn). Before/after this move, the pointer (FSRn) is updated by pre/post incrementing/decrementing it. Note: The INDFn registers are not physical registers. Any instruction that accesses an INDFn register actually accesses the register at the address specified by the FSRn. FSRn is limited to the range 0000h-FFFFh. Incrementing/decrementing it beyond these bounds will cause it to wrap-around. RESET Software Reset Syntax: [ label ] RESET Operands: None Operation: Execute a device Reset. Resets the RI flag of the PCON register. Status Affected: None Description: This instruction provides a way to execute a hardware Reset by software. The increment/decrement operation on FSRn WILL NOT affect any Status bits. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. NOP Preliminary DS40001795B-page 405 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 RETFIE Return from Interrupt RETURN Return from Subroutine Syntax: [ label ] Syntax: [ label ] None RETFIE k RETURN Operands: None Operands: Operation: TOS PC, 1 GIE Operation: TOS PC Status Affected: None Status Affected: None Description: Description: Return from Interrupt. Stack is POPed and Top-of-Stack (TOS) is loaded in the PC. Interrupts are enabled by setting Global Interrupt Enable bit, GIE (INTCON<7>). This is a 2-cycle instruction. Return from subroutine. The stack is POPed and the top of the stack (TOS) is loaded into the program counter. This is a 2-cycle instruction. Words: 1 Cycles: 2 Example: RETFIE After Interrupt PC = GIE = TOS 1 RETLW Return with literal in W Syntax: [ label ] Operands: 0 k 255 Operation: k (W); TOS PC Status Affected: None Description: The W register is loaded with the 8-bit literal ‘k’. The program counter is loaded from the top of the stack (the return address). This is a 2-cycle instruction. Words: 1 Cycles: 2 Example: TABLE RETLW k RLF Rotate Left f through Carry Syntax: [ label ] Operands: 0 f 127 d [ 0, 1] Operation: See description below Status Affected: C Description: The contents of register ‘f’ are rotated one bit to the left through the Carry flag. If ‘d’ is ‘0’, the result is placed in the W register. If ‘d’ is ‘1’, the result is stored back in register ‘f’. RLF C CALL TABLE;W contains table ;offset value • ;W now has table value • • ADDWF PC ;W = offset RETLW k1 ;Begin table RETLW k2 ; • • • RETLW kn ; End of table Before Instruction W = After Instruction W = DS40001795B-page 406 Words: 1 Cycles: 1 Example: RLF f,d Register f REG1,0 Before Instruction REG1 C After Instruction REG1 W C = = 1110 0110 0 = = = 1110 0110 1100 1100 1 0x07 value of k8 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 SUBLW Subtract W from literal Syntax: [ label ] RRF Rotate Right f through Carry Syntax: [ label ] Operands: 0 f 127 d [0,1] Operation: See description below Status Affected: C, DC, Z Status Affected: C Description: Description: The contents of register ‘f’ are rotated one bit to the right through the Carry flag. If ‘d’ is ‘0’, the result is placed in the W register. If ‘d’ is ‘1’, the result is placed back in register ‘f’. The W register is subtracted (2’s complement method) from the 8-bit literal ‘k’. The result is placed in the W register. RRF f,d C SUBLW k Operands: 0 k 255 Operation: k - (W) W) Register f C=0 Wk C=1 Wk DC = 0 W<3:0> k<3:0> DC = 1 W<3:0> k<3:0> SLEEP Enter Sleep mode SUBWF Subtract W from f Syntax: [ label ] Syntax: [ label ] Operands: 0 f 127 d [0,1] SLEEP Operands: None Operation: 00h WDT, 0 WDT prescaler, 1 TO, 0 PD Status Affected: TO, PD Description: The power-down Status bit, PD is cleared. Time-out Status bit, TO is set. Watchdog Timer and its prescaler are cleared. See Section 8.2 “Sleep Mode” for more information. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. SUBWF f,d Operation: (f) - (W) destination) Status Affected: C, DC, Z Description: Subtract (2’s complement method) W register from register ‘f’. If ‘d’ is ‘0’, the result is stored in the W register. If ‘d’ is ‘1’, the result is stored back in register ‘f. C=0 Wf C=1 Wf DC = 0 W<3:0> f<3:0> DC = 1 W<3:0> f<3:0> SUBWFB Subtract W from f with Borrow Syntax: SUBWFB Operands: 0 f 127 d [0,1] Operation: (f) – (W) – (B) dest f {,d} Status Affected: C, DC, Z Description: Subtract W and the BORROW flag (CARRY) from register ‘f’ (2’s complement method). If ‘d’ is ‘0’, the result is stored in W. If ‘d’ is ‘1’, the result is stored back in register ‘f’. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 407 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 SWAPF Swap Nibbles in f XORLW Exclusive OR literal with W Syntax: [ label ] Syntax: [ label ] Operands: 0 f 127 d [0,1] Operation: SWAPF f,d (f<3:0>) (destination<7:4>), (f<7:4>) (destination<3:0>) Status Affected: None Description: The upper and lower nibbles of register ‘f’ are exchanged. If ‘d’ is ‘0’, the result is placed in the W register. If ‘d’ is ‘1’, the result is placed in register ‘f’. Operands: 0 k 255 Operation: (W) .XOR. k W) Status Affected: Z Description: The contents of the W register are XOR’ed with the 8-bit literal ‘k’. The result is placed in the W register. XORWF TRIS Load TRIS Register with W XORLW k Exclusive OR W with f Syntax: [ label ] Operands: 0 f 127 d [0,1] XORWF f,d (W) .XOR. (f) destination) Syntax: [ label ] TRIS f Operands: 5f7 Operation: Operation: (W) TRIS register ‘f’ Status Affected: Z Status Affected: None Description: Description: Move data from W register to TRIS register. When ‘f’ = 5, TRISA is loaded. When ‘f’ = 6, TRISB is loaded. When ‘f’ = 7, TRISC is loaded. Exclusive OR the contents of the W register with register ‘f’. If ‘d’ is ‘0’, the result is stored in the W register. If ‘d’ is ‘1’, the result is stored back in register ‘f’. DS40001795B-page 408 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 34.0 ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS 34.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings(†) Ambient temperature under bias...................................................................................................... -40°C to +125°C Storage temperature ........................................................................................................................ -65°C to +150°C Voltage on pins with respect to VSS on VDD pin PIC16F18325/18345 ................................................................................................. -0.3V to +6.5V PIC16LF18325/18345 ............................................................................................... -0.3V to +4.0V on MCLR pin ........................................................................................................................... -0.3V to +9.0V on all other pins ............................................................................................................ -0.3V to (VDD + 0.3V) Maximum current on VSS pin(1) -40°C TA +85°C .............................................................................................................. 250 mA +85°C TA +125°C ............................................................................................................. 85 mA on VDD pin(1) -40°C TA +85°C .............................................................................................................. 250 mA +85°C TA +125°C ............................................................................................................. 85 mA on any I/O pin ..................................................................................................................................... 50 mA Clamp current, IK (VPIN < 0 or VPIN > VDD) ................................................................................................... 20 mA Total power dissipation(2) .............................................................................................................................. 800 mW Note 1: 2: Maximum current rating requires even load distribution across I/O pins. Maximum current rating may be limited by the device package power dissipation characterizations, see Table 34-3 to calculate device specifications. Power dissipation is calculated as follows: PDIS = VDD x {IDD – ∑ IOH} + ∑ {(VDD – VOH) x IOH} + ∑(VOL x IOL). † NOTICE: Stresses above those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only and functional operation of the device at those or any other conditions above those indicated in the operation listings of this specification is not implied. Exposure above maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 409 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 34.2 Standard Operating Conditions The standard operating conditions for any device are defined as: Operating Voltage: Operating Temperature: VDDMIN VDD VDDMAX TA_MIN TA TA_MAX VDD — Operating Supply Voltage(1) PIC16LF18325/18345 VDDMIN (Fosc 16 MHz).......................................................................................................... +1.8V VDDMIN (Fosc 32 MHz).......................................................................................................... +2.5V VDDMAX .................................................................................................................................... +3.6V PIC16F18325/18345 VDDMIN (Fosc 16 MHz).......................................................................................................... +2.3V VDDMIN (Fosc 32 MHz).......................................................................................................... +2.5V VDDMAX .................................................................................................................................... +5.5V TA — Operating Ambient Temperature Range Industrial Temperature TA_MIN ...................................................................................................................................... -40°C TA_MAX .................................................................................................................................... +85°C Extended Temperature TA_MIN ...................................................................................................................................... -40°C TA_MAX .................................................................................................................................. +125°C Note 1: See Parameter D002, DC Characteristics: Supply Voltage. DS40001795B-page 410 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 VOLTAGE FREQUENCY GRAPH, -40°C TA +125°C, PIC16F18325/18345 ONLY FIGURE 34-1: VDD (V) 5.5 2.5 2.3 0 10 4 16 32 Frequency (MHz) Note 1: The shaded region indicates the permissible combinations of voltage and frequency. 2: Refer to Table 34-7 for each Oscillator mode’s supported frequencies. VOLTAGE FREQUENCY GRAPH, -40°C TA +125°C, PIC16LF18325/18345 ONLY VDD (V) FIGURE 34-2: 3.6 2.5 1.8 0 4 10 16 32 Frequency (MHz) Note 1: The shaded region indicates the permissible combinations of voltage and frequency. 2: Refer to Table 34-7 for each Oscillator mode’s supported frequencies. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 411 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 34.3 DC Characteristics TABLE 34-1: SUPPLY VOLTAGE PIC16LF18325/18345 Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise stated) PIC16F18325/18345 Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise stated) Param. No. Sym. Characteristic Min. Typ.† Max. Units Conditions Supply Voltage D002 VDD 1.8 2.5 — — 3.6 3.6 V V FOSC 16 MHz FOSC > 16 MHz D002 VDD 2.3 2.5 — — 5.5 5.5 V V FOSC 16 MHz: FOSC > 16 MHz RAM Data Retention(1) D003 VDR 1.5 — — V Device in Sleep mode D003 VDR 1.7 — — V Device in Sleep mode Power-on Reset Release Voltage(2) D004 VPOR — 1.6 — V BOR and LPBOR disabled(3) D004 VPOR — 1.6 — V BOR and LPBOR disabled(3) Power-on Reset ReARM Voltage(2) D005 VPORR — 0.8 — V BOR and LPBOR disabled(3) D005 VPORR — 1.5 — V BOR and LPBOR disabled(3) VDD Rise Rate to ensure Internal Power-on Reset Signal(2) D006 SVDD 0.05 — — V/ms BOR and LPBOR disabled(3) D006 SVDD 0.05 — — V/ms BOR and LPBOR disabled(3) † Data in “Typ.” column is at 3.0V, 25°C unless otherwise stated. These parameters are for design guidance only and are not tested. Note 1: This is the limit to which VDD can be lowered in Sleep mode or during a device Reset, without losing RAM data. 2: See Figure 34-3. 3: Please see Table 34-11 for BOR and LPBOR trip point information. DS40001795B-page 412 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 FIGURE 34-3: POR AND POR REARM WITH SLOW RISING VDD VDD VPOR VPORR SVDD VSS NPOR(1) POR REARM VSS TVLOW(2) Note 1: 2: 3: TPOR(3) When NPOR is low, the device is held in Reset. TPOR 1 s typical. TVLOW 2.7 s typical. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 413 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 TABLE 34-2: SUPPLY CURRENT (IDD)(1,2) PIC16LF18325/18345 Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise stated) PIC16F18325/18345 Param. No. Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise stated) Conditions Symbol Device Characteristics Min. Typ.† Max. Units VDD D100 IDDXT4 XT = 4 MHz D100 IDDXT4 D101 IDDHFO16 D101 — 321 455 uA XT = 4 MHz — 332 479 uA 3.0V HFINTOSC = 16 MHz — 1.3 1.8 mA 3.0V IDDHFO16 HFINTOSC = 16 MHz — 1.4 1.9 mA 3.0V D102 IDDHFOPLL HFINTOSC = 32 MHz — 2.2 2.8 mA 3.0V D102 IDDHFOPLL HFINTOSC = 32 MHz — 2.3 2.9 mA 3.0V D103 IDDHSPLL32 HS+PLL = 32 MHz — 2.2 2.8 mA 3.0V D103 IDDHSPLL32 HS+PLL = 32 MHz — 2.3 2.9 mA 3.0V D104 IDDIDLE IDLE Mode, HFINTOSC = 16 MHz — 804 1283 uA 3.0V D104 IDDIDLE IDLE Mode, HFINTOSC = 16 MHz — 816 1284 uA 3.0V D105 IDDDOZE(3) DOZE mode, HFINTOSC = 16 MHz, DOZE Ratio = 16 — 863 — uA 3.0V D105 IDDDOZE(3) DOZE mode, HFINTOSC = 16 MHz, DOZE Ratio = 16 — 875 — uA 3.0V Note 3.0V † Data in “Typ.” column is at 3.0V, 25°C unless otherwise stated. These parameters are for design guidance only and are not tested. Note 1: The test conditions for all IDD measurements in active operation mode are: OSC1 = external square wave, from rail-to-rail; all I/O pins tri-stated, pulled to VDD; MCLR = VDD; WDT disabled. 2: The supply current is mainly a function of the operating voltage and frequency. Other factors, such as I/O pin loading and switching rate, oscillator type, internal code execution pattern and temperature, also have an impact on the current consumption. 3: IDDDOZE = [IDDIDLE*(N-1)/N] + IDDHFO16/N where N = DOZE Ration (see Register 8-2). DS40001795B-page 414 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 TABLE 34-3: POWER-DOWN CURRENTS (IPD)(1,2,3) PIC16LF18325/18345 Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise stated) PIC16F18325/18345 Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise stated) VREGPM = 1 Param. No. Symbol Device Characteristics Min. Typ.† Conditions Max. Max. Units +85°C +125°C Note VDD 2 9 A 3.0V 0.8 4 12 A 3.0V 13 22 27 A 3.0V VREGPM = 0 D200 IPD IPD Base — 0.05 D200 IPD IPD Base — — D201 IPD_WDT Low-Frequency Internal Oscillator/WDT — 0.8 5 13 A 3.0V D201 IPD_WDT Low-Frequency Internal Oscillator/WDT — 0.9 5 13 A 3.0V D202 IPD_SOSC Secondary Oscillator (SOSC) — 0.6 5 13 A 3.0V D202 IPD_SOSC Secondary Oscillator (SOSC) — 0.8 9 15 A 3.0V D203 IPD_FVR FVR — 40 47 47 A 3.0V D203 IPD_FVR FVR — 33 44 44 A 3.0V D204 IPD_BOR Brown-out Reset (BOR) — 12 17 19 A 3.0V D204 IPD_BOR Brown-out Reset (BOR) — 12 18 20 A 3.0V D205 IPD_LPBOR Low Power Brown-out Reset (LPBOR) — 3 5 13 A 3.0V D205 IPD_LPBOR Low Power Brown-out Reset (LPBOR) — 4 5 13 A 3.0V D207 IPD_ADCA ADC - Active — 0.9 5 13 A 3.0V ADC is converting(4) D207 IPD_ADCA ADC - Active — 0.9 5 13 A 3.0V ADC is converting(4) D208 IPD_CMP Comparator — 32 43 45 A 3.0V D208 IPD_CMP Comparator — 31 42 44 A 3.0V * These parameters are characterized but not tested. † Data in “Typ.” column is at 3.0V, 25°C unless otherwise stated. These parameters are for design guidance only and are not tested. Note 1: The peripheral current is the sum of the base IPD and the additional current consumed when this peripheral is enabled. The peripheral current can be determined by subtracting the base IDD or IPD current from this limit. Max values should be used when calculating total current consumption. 2: The power-down current in Sleep mode does not depend on the oscillator type. Power-down current is measured with the part in Sleep mode, with all I/O pins in high-impedance state and tied to VSS. 3: All peripheral currents listed are on a per-peripheral basis if more than one instance of a peripheral is available. 4: ADC clock source is ADCRC. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 415 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 TABLE 34-4: I/O PORTS DC CHARACTERISTICS Param. Sym. No. VIL Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise stated) Characteristic Min. Typ.† Max. Units Conditions — — 0.8 V 4.5V VDD 5.5V — — 0.15 VDD V 1.8V VDD 4.5V — — 0.2 VDD V 2.0V VDD 5.5V — — 0.3 VDD V Input Low Voltage I/O PORT: D300 with TTL buffer D301 D302 with Schmitt Trigger buffer I2C™ levels D303 with D304 with SMBus levels — — 0.8 V D305 MCLR — — 0.2 VDD V 2.0 — — V 4.5V VDD 5.5V 0.25 VDD + 0.8 — — V 1.8V VDD 4.5V 0.8 VDD — — V 2.0V VDD 5.5V 0.7 VDD — — V 2.1 — — V 0.7 VDD — — V — ±5 ± 125 nA VSS VPIN VDD, Pin at high-impedance, 85°C — ±5 ± 1000 nA VSS VPIN VDD, Pin at high-impedance, 125°C — ± 50 ± 200 nA VSS VPIN VDD, Pin at high-impedance, 85°C 25 120 200 A VDD = 3.0V, VPIN = VSS — — 0.6 V IOL = 10.0 mA, VDD = 3.0V VDD - 0.7 — — V IOH = 6.0 mA, VDD = 3.0V — 5 50 pF VIH 2.7V VDD 5.5V Input High Voltage I/O PORT: D320 with TTL buffer D321 D322 with Schmitt Trigger buffer I2C™ D323 with D324 with SMBus levels D325 MCLR IIL D340 levels Input Leakage Current(2) I/O Ports D341 MCLR(2) D342 IPUR Weak Pull-up Current VOL Voltage(4) D350 D360 I/O ports VOH D370 D380 Output Low (4) Output High Voltage I/O ports CIO 2.7V VDD 5.5V All I/O pins * These parameters are characterized but not tested. † Data in “Typ.” column is at 3.0V, 25°C unless otherwise stated. These parameters are for design guidance only and are not tested. Note 1: Negative current is defined as current sourced by the pin. 2: The leakage current on the MCLR pin is strongly dependent on the applied voltage level. The specified levels represent normal operating conditions. Higher leakage current may be measured at different input voltages. DS40001795B-page 416 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 TABLE 34-5: I/O AND CLOCK TIMING SPECIFICATIONS Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise stated) Param. No. Sym. Characteristic Min. Typ.† Max. Units — — V Note 2 — — — uA Note 2 High Voltage Entry Programming Mode Specifications Voltage on MCLR/VPP pin to — MEM01 VIHH enter Programming mode MEM02 IPPGM Current on MCLR/VPP pin during Programming mode Conditions Programming Mode Specifications MEM10 VBE VDD for Bulk Erase — 2.7 — V MEM11 Supply Current during Programming Operation — — — V IDDPGM Data EEPROM Memory Specifications MEM20 ED DataEE Byte Endurance 100k — — E/W -40°C TA 85°C MEM21 TD_RET Characteristic Retention — 40 — Year MEM22 ND_REF Total Erase/Write Cycles before Refresh — — 100k E/W MEM23 VD_RW VDD for Read or Erase/Write Operation VDDMIN — VDDMAX V — 4.0 5.0 ms MEM24 TD_BEW Byte Erase and Write Cycle Time Provided no other specifications are violated Program Flash Memory Specifications -40°C Ta 85°C (Note 1) MEM30 EP Flash Memory Cell Endurance 10k — — E/W MEM31 EPHEF High-Endurance Flash Memory Cell Endurance 100k — — E/W TBD MEM32 TP_RET Characteristic Retention — 40 — Year MEM33 VP_RD VDD for Read Operation VDDMIN — VDDMAX V VDDMIN — VDDMAX V — 2.0 2.5 ms VDD for Row Erase or Write MEM34 VP_REW Operation MEM35 TP_REW Self-Timed Row Erase or Self-Timed Write Provided no other specifications are violated † Data in “Typ.” column is at 3.0V, 25°C unless otherwise stated. These parameters are for design guidance only and are not tested. Note 1: Flash Memory Cell Endurance for the Flash memory is defined as: One Row Erase operation and one Self-Timed Write. 2: Required only if CONFIG3.LVP is disabled. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 417 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 TABLE 34-6: THERMAL CHARACTERISTICS Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise stated) Param. No. TH01 TH02 Sym. JA JC Characteristic Thermal Resistance Junction to Ambient Thermal Resistance Junction to Case Typ. Units Conditions 70.0 C/W 14-pin PDIP package 95.3 C/W 14-pin SOIC package 100.0 C/W 14-pin TSSOP package 51.5 C/W 16-pin UQFN 4x4mm package 62.2 C/W 20-pin PDIP package 87.3 C/W 20-pin SSOP package 77.7 C/W 20-pin SOIC package 43.0 C/W 20-pin UQFN 4x4mm package 32.75 C/W 14-pin PDIP package 31.0 C/W 14-pin SOIC package 24.4 C/W 14-pin TSSOP package 5.4 C/W 16-pin UQFN 4x4mm package 27.5 C/W 20-pin PDIP package 31.1 C/W 20-pin SSOP package 23.1 C/W 20-pin SOIC package 5.3 C/W 20-pin UQFN 4x4mm package 150 C 0.800 W PD = PINTERNAL + PI/O PINTERNAL Internal Power Dissipation — W PINTERNAL = IDD x VDD(1) TH06 PI/O I/O Power Dissipation — W PI/O = (IOL * VOL) + (IOH * (VDD - VOH)) TH07 PDER Derated Power — W PDER = PDMAX (TJ - TA)/JA(2) TH03 TJMAX Maximum Junction Temperature TH04 PD Power Dissipation TH05 Note 1: IDD is current to run the chip alone without driving any load on the output pins. 2: TA = Ambient Temperature, TJ = Junction Temperature DS40001795B-page 418 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 34.4 AC Characteristics FIGURE 34-4: LOAD CONDITIONS Load Condition Pin CL VSS CL = 50 pF for all pins Note: FIGURE 34-5: CLOCK TIMING Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 CLKIN OS1 OS2 OS2 OS20 CLKOUT (CLKOUT Mode) Note: See Table 34-10. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 419 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 TABLE 34-7: EXTERNAL CLOCK/OSCILLATOR TIMING REQUIREMENTS Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise stated) Param. No. Sym. Characteristic Min. Typ.† Max. Units Conditions ECL Oscillator OS1 FECL Clock Frequency — — 500 kHz OS2 TECL_DC Clock Duty Cycle 40 — 60 % ECM Oscillator OS3 FECM Clock Frequency — — 4 MHz OS4 TECM_DC Clock Duty Cycle 40 — 60 % Note 4 ECH Oscillator OS5 FECH Clock Frequency — — 32 MHz OS6 TECH_DC Clock Duty Cycle 40 — 60 % Clock Frequency — — 100 kHz Note 4 Clock Frequency — — 4 MHz Note 4 Clock Frequency — — 20 MHz Note 4 — — 32 MHz Note 2, Note 3 — FOSC/4 — MHz 125 1/FCY — ns LP Oscillator OS7 FLP XT Oscillator OS8 FXT HS Oscillator OS9 FHS System Clock OS20 FOSC System Clock Frequency OS21 FCY Instruction Frequency OS22 TCY Instruction Period * † Note 1: 2: 3: 4: These parameters are characterized but not tested. Data in “Typ.” column is at 3.0V, 25°C unless otherwise stated. These parameters are for design guidance only and are not tested. Instruction cycle period (TCY) equals four times the input oscillator time base period. All specified values are based on characterization data for that particular oscillator type under standard operating conditions with the device executing code. Exceeding these specified limits may result in an unstable oscillator operation and/or higher than expected current consumption. All devices are tested to operate at “min” values with an external clock applied to OSC1 pin. When an external clock input is used, the “max” cycle time limit is “DC” (no clock) for all devices. The system clock frequency (FOSC) is selected by the “main clock switch controls” as described in Section 6.3 “Clock Switching”. The system clock frequency (FOSC) must meet the voltage requirements defined in the Section 34.2 “Standard Operating Conditions”. LP, XT and HS oscillator modes require an appropriate crystal or resonator to be connected to the device. For clocking the device with an external square wave, one of the EC mode selections must be used. DS40001795B-page 420 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 TABLE 34-8: OSCILLATOR PARAMETERS(1) Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise stated) Param. No. Sym. Characteristic Min. Typ.† Max. Units Conditions OS20 FHFOSC Precision Calibrated HFINTOSC Frequency 3.92 4 4.08 MHz 25°C OS20 FHFOSC Precision Calibrated HFINTOSC Frequency — 4 8 12 16 32 — MHz -40°C to 125°C (2) OS21 FHFOSCLP Low-Power Optimized HFINTOSC Frequency 0.93 1.86 1 2 1.07 2.14 MHz MHz OS23 FLFOSC Internal LFINTOSC Frequency — 31 — kHz OS24 THFOSCST HFINTOSC Wake-up from Sleep Start-up Time — 11 50 20 — s s OS26 TLFOSCST LFINTOSC Wake-up from Sleep Start-up Time — 0.2 — ms * † VREGPM = 0 VREGPM = 1 These parameters are characterized but not tested. Data in “Typ.” column is at 3.0V, 25°C unless otherwise stated. These parameters are for design guidance only and are not tested. Note 1: 2: To ensure these oscillator frequency tolerances, VDD and VSS must be capacitively decoupled as close to the device as possible. 0.1 F and 0.01 F values in parallel are recommended. See Figure 34-6. FIGURE 34-6: PRECISION CALIBRATED HFINTOSC FREQUENCY ACCURACY OVER DEVICE VDD AND TEMPERATURE 125 ± 5% Temperature (°C) 85 ± 3% 60 ± 2% 0 ± 5% -40 1.8 2.0 2.3 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 VDD (V) 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 421 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 TABLE 34-9: PLL CLOCK TIMING SPECIFICATIONS Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise stated) Param. No. Sym. Characteristic Min. Typ.† Max. Units 4 — 8 MHz PLL Input Frequency Range PLL01 FPLLIN PLL02 FPLLOUT PLL Output Frequency Range 16 — 32 MHz PLL03 TPLLST PLL Lock Time from Start-up — 200 — s PLL04 FPLLJIT PLL Output Frequency Stability (Jitter) -0.25 — 0.25 % Conditions * These parameters are characterized but not tested. † Data in “Typ.” column is at 5V, 25C unless otherwise stated. These parameters are for design guidance only and are not tested. FIGURE 34-7: CLKOUT AND I/O TIMING Cycle Write Fetch Q1 Q4 Read Execute Q2 Q3 FOSC IO2 IO1 IO10 IO12 CLKOUT IO8 IO4 IO7 IO5 I/O pin (Input) IO3 I/O pin (Output) New Value Old Value IO7, IO8 DS40001795B-page 422 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 TABLE 34-10: CLKOUT AND I/O TIMING SPECIFICATIONS Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise stated) Param. No. Sym. Characteristic Min. Typ.† Max. Units Conditions IO1 TCLKOUTH CLKOUT rising edge delay (rising edge FOSC (Q1 cycle) to falling edge CLKOUT — — — ns IO2 TCLKOUTL CLKOUT falling edge delay (rising edge FOSC (Q3 cycle) to rising edge CLKOUT — — — ns IO3 TIO_VALID Port output valid time (rising edge FOSC (Q1 cycle) to port valid) — — — ns IO4 TIO_SETUP Port input setup time (Setup time before rising edge FOSC - Q2 cycle) — — — ns IO5 TIO_HOLD Port input hold time (Hold time after rising edge FOSC - Q2 cycle) — — — ns IO6 TIOR_SLREN Port I/O rise time, slew rate enabled — — — ns VDD = 3.0V, Load conditions IO7 TIOR_SLRDIS Port I/O rise time, slew rate disabled — — — ns VDD = 3.0V, Load conditions IO8 TIOF_SLREN Port I/O fall time, slew rate enabled — — — ns VDD = 3.0V, Load conditions IO9 TIOF_SLRDIS Port I/O fall time, slew rate disabled — — — ns VDD = 3.0V, Load conditions IO10 TINT INT pin high or low time to trigger an interrupt — — — ns IO11 TIOC Interrupt-on-Change minimum — high or low time to trigger interrupt — — ns * † These parameters are characterized but not tested. Data in “Typ.” column is at 3.0V, 25C unless otherwise stated. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 423 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 FIGURE 34-8: RESET, WATCHDOG TIMER, OSCILLATOR START-UP TIMER AND POWER-UP TIMER TIMING VDD MCLR RST01 Internal POR RST04 PWRT Time-out RST05 OSC Start-up Time Internal Reset(1) Watchdog Timer Reset(1) RST03 RST02 RST02 I/O pins Note 1: Asserted low. FIGURE 34-9: BROWN-OUT RESET TIMING AND CHARACTERISTICS VDD VBOR and VHYST VBOR (Device in Brown-out Reset) (Device not in Brown-out Reset) 37 Reset 33(1) (due to BOR) Note 1: 64 ms delay only if PWRTE bit in the Configuration Word register is programmed to ‘0’. 2 ms delay if PWRTE = 0. DS40001795B-page 424 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 TABLE 34-11: RESET, WATCHDOG TIMER, OSCILLATOR START-UP TIMER, POWER-UP TIMER, BROWN-OUT RESET AND LOW POWER BROWN-OUT RESET SPECIFICATIONS Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise stated) Param. No. Sym. Characteristic Min. Typ.† Max. Units RST01 TMCLR MCLR Pulse Width Low to ensure Reset 2 — — s RST02 TIOZ I/O high-impedance from Reset detection — — 2 s RST03 TWDT Watchdog Timer Time-out Period 10 16 27 ms Conditions 16 ms Nominal Reset Time Power-up Timer Period 40 65 140 RST05 TOST Oscillator Start-up Timer Period(1,2) — 1024 — RST06 VBOR Brown-out Reset Voltage(4) 2.55 2.30 1.80 2.70 2.45 1.90 2.85 2.60 2.10 V V V RST07 VBORHYS Brown-out Reset Hysteresis 0 25 75 mV RST08 TBORDC Brown-out Reset Response Time 1 3 35 s RST09 VLPBOR Low-Power Brown-out Reset Voltage 2.3 2.45 2.7 V PIC16F18325/18345 — — — V PIC16LF18325/18345 RST04* TPWRT * † Note 1: 2: 3: 4: ms TOSC (Note3) BORV = 0 BORV = 1 (PIC16F18325/18345) BORV = 1 (PIC16LF18325/18345) These parameters are characterized but not tested. Data in “Typ.” column is at 3.0V, 25°C unless otherwise stated. These parameters are for design guidance only and are not tested. Instruction cycle period (TCY) equals four times the input oscillator time base period. All specified values are based on characterization data for that particular oscillator type under standard operating conditions with the device executing code. Exceeding these specified limits may result in an unstable oscillator operation and/or higher than expected current consumption. All devices are tested to operate at “min” values with an external clock applied to the OSC1 pin. When an external clock input is used, the “max” cycle time limit is “DC” (no clock) for all devices. By design. Period of the slower clock. To ensure these voltage tolerances, VDD and VSS must be capacitively decoupled as close to the device as possible. 0.1 F and 0.01 F values in parallel are recommended. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 425 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 TABLE 34-12: ANALOG-TO-DIGITAL CONVERTER (ADC) CHARACTERISTICS(1,2) Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise stated) VDD = 3.0V, TA = 25°C Param. No. Sym. Characteristic Min. Typ.† Max. Units Conditions AD01 NR Resolution — — 10 bit AD02 EIL Integral Error — ±0.1 ±1.0 LSb ADCREF+ = 3.0V, ADCREF- = 0V AD03 EDL Differential Error — ±0.1 ±1.0 LSb ADCREF+ = 3.0V, ADCREF- = 0V AD04 EOFF Offset Error — 0.5 2 LSb ADCREF+ = 3.0V, ADCREF- = 0V AD05 EGN Gain Error — ±0.2 ±1.0 LSb ADCREF+ = 3.0V, ADCREF- = 0V AD06 VADREF ADC Reference Voltage (ADREF+)(3) 1.8 — VDD V AD07 VAIN VSS — ADREF+ V AD06 VADREF ADC Reference Voltage (ADREF+ - ADREF-)(3) 1.8 — VDD V AD07 VAIN Full-Scale Range ADREF- — ADREF+ V AD08 ZAIN Recommended Impedance of Analog Voltage Source — 10 — k AD09 RVREF ADC Voltage Reference Ladder Impedance — — — k Full-Scale Range * † These parameters are characterized but not tested. Data in “Typ.” column is at 3.0V, 25°C unless otherwise stated. These parameters are for design guidance only and are not tested. Note 1: Total Absolute Error is the sum of the offset, gain and integral non-linearity (INL) errors. 2: The ADC conversion result never decreases with an increase in the input and has no missing codes. DS40001795B-page 426 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 TABLE 34-13: ANALOG-TO DIGITAL CONVERTER (ADC) CONVERSION TIMING SPECIFICATIONS(1,2) Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise stated) Param. No. AD20 Sym. TAD Characteristic ADC Clock Period AD21 Min. Typ.† Max. Units Conditions 1 — 9 us Using FOSC as the ADC clock source; ADCS ! = x11 1 2 6 us Using ADCRC as the ADC clock source; ADCS = x11 11 — TAD AD22 TCNV Conversion Time — AD23 TACQ THCD Acquisition Time — 2 — us Sample and Hold Capacitor Disconnect Time — — — us FOSC based clock source — — — us ADCRC based clock source AD24 * † Set of GO/DONE bit to Clear of GO/DONE bit These parameters are characterized but not tested. Data in “Typ.” column is at 3.0V, 25°C unless otherwise stated. These parameters are for design guidance only and are not tested. FIGURE 34-10: ADC CONVERSION TIMING (ADC CLOCK FOSC-BASED) BSF ADCON0, GO AD133 1 TCY AD131 Q4 AD130 ADC_clk 9 ADC Data 8 7 6 3 OLD_DATA ADRES 1 0 NEW_DATA 1 TCY ADIF GO Sample 2 DONE AD132 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Sampling Stopped Preliminary DS40001795B-page 427 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 FIGURE 34-11: ADC CONVERSION TIMING (ADC CLOCK FROM ADCRC) BSF ADCON0, GO AD133 1 TCY AD131 Q4 AD130 ADC_clk 9 ADC Data 8 7 6 OLD_DATA ADRES 3 2 1 0 NEW_DATA ADIF 1 TCY GO DONE Sample Note: AD132 Sampling Stopped If the ADC clock source is selected as ADCRC, a time of TCY is added before the ADC clock starts. This allows the SLEEP instruction to be executed. DS40001795B-page 428 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 TABLE 34-14: COMPARATOR SPECIFICATIONS Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise stated) VDD = 3.0V, TA = 25°C See Section 35.0 “DC and AC Characteristics Graphs and Charts” for operating characterization. Param No. Sym. Characteristics CM01 VIOFF Input Offset Voltage Min. Typ. Max. Units — — ±40 mV Comments VICM = VDD/2 CM02 VICM Input Common Mode Voltage GND — VDD V CM03 CMRR Common Mode Input Rejection Ratio — 50 — dB CM04 CHYST Comparator Hysteresis 15 25 35 mV CM05 TRESP(1) Response Time, Rising Edge — 300 600 ns Response Time, Falling Edge — 220 500 ns CM06* TMCV2VO(2) Mode Change to Valid Output — — 10 us * Note 1: These parameters are characterized but not tested. Response time measured with one comparator input at VDD/2, while the other input transitions from VSS to VDD. A mode change includes changing any of the control register values, including module enable. 2: TABLE 34-15: DIGITAL-TO-ANALOG CONVERTER (DAC) SPECIFICATIONS Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise stated) VDD = 3.0V, TA = 25°C Param No. Sym. Characteristics Min. Typ.† Max. Units DSB01 VLSB Step Size — VDD/32 — V DSB01 VACC Absolute Accuracy — — 0.5 LSb DSB03* RUNIT Unit Resistor Value — 6000 — DSB04* TST Settling Time(1) — — 10 s Comments * † These parameters are characterized but not tested. Data in “Typ” column is at 3.0V, 25°C unless otherwise stated. These parameters are for design guidance only and are not tested. Note 1: Settling time measured while DACR<4:0> transitions from ‘00000’ to ‘01111’. TABLE 34-16: FIXED VOLTAGE REFERENCE (FVR) SPECIFICATIONS Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise stated) Param. No. Symbol Characteristic Min. Typ. Max. Units Conditions FVR01 VFVR1 1x Gain (1.024V nominal) -4 — 4 % VDD 2.5V, -40°C to 85°C FVR02 VFVR2 2x Gain (2.048V nominal) -4 — 4 % VDD 2.5V, -40°C to 85°C FVR03 VFVR4 4x Gain (4.096V nominal) -5 — 5 % VDD 4.75V, -40°C to 85°C FVR04 TFVRST FVR Start-up Time — — — s 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 429 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 FIGURE 34-12: TIMER0 AND TIMER1 EXTERNAL CLOCK TIMINGS T0CKI 40 41 42 T1CKI 45 46 49 47 TMR0 or TMR1 TABLE 34-17: TIMER0 AND TIMER1 EXTERNAL CLOCK REQUIREMENTS Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise stated) Param. No. 40* Sym. TT0H Characteristic Min. T0CKI High Pulse Width No Prescaler TT0L T0CKI Low Pulse Width No Prescaler — — ns — — ns 0.5 TCY + 20 — — ns 10 — — ns Greater of: 20 or TCY + 40 N — — ns 0.5 TCY + 20 — — ns Synchronous, with Prescaler 15 — — ns Asynchronous 30 — — ns Synchronous, No Prescaler 0.5 TCY + 20 — — ns Synchronous, with Prescaler 15 — — ns Asynchronous 30 — — ns Synchronous Greater of: 30 or TCY + 40 N — — ns Asynchronous 60 — — ns 32.4 32.768 33.1 kHz 2 TOSC — 7 TOSC — 42* TT0P T0CKI Period 45* TT1H T1CKI High Time Synchronous, No Prescaler TT1L 47* TT1P T1CKI Low Time T1CKI Input Period 48 FT1 49* TCKEZTMR1 Delay from External Clock Edge to Timer Increment * † Units 10 With Prescaler 46* Max. 0.5 TCY + 20 With Prescaler 41* Typ.† Secondary Oscillator Input Frequency Range (oscillator enabled by setting bit T1OSCEN) Conditions N = prescale value N = prescale value Timers in Sync mode These parameters are characterized but not tested. Data in “Typ.” column is at 3.0V, 25°C unless otherwise stated. These parameters are for design guidance only and are not tested. DS40001795B-page 430 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 FIGURE 34-13: CAPTURE/COMPARE/PWM TIMINGS (CCP) CCPx (Capture mode) CC01 CC02 CC03 Note: Refer to Figure 34-4 for Load conditions. TABLE 34-18: CAPTURE/COMPARE/PWM REQUIREMENTS (CCP) Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise stated) Param. Sym. No. Characteristic Min. CC01* TccL CCPx Input Low Time No Prescaler CC02* TccH CCPx Input High Time CC03* TccP CCPx Input Period With Prescaler No Prescaler With Prescaler * † 0.5TCY + 20 Typ.† Max. Units — — Conditions ns 20 — — ns 0.5TCY + 20 — — ns 20 — — ns 3TCY + 40 N — — ns N = prescale value These parameters are characterized but not tested. Data in “Typ.” column is at 3.0V, 25°C unless otherwise stated. These parameters are for design guidance only and are not tested. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 431 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 FIGURE 34-14: CLC PROPAGATION TIMING CLCxINn CLC Input time CLCxINn CLC Input time LCx_in[n](1) LCx_in[n](1) CLC Module LCx_out(1) CLC Output time CLCx CLC Module LCx_out(1) CLC Output time CLCx CLC01 CLC02 CLC03 Note 1: See Figure 20-1, "CLCx Simplified Block Diagram" to identify specific CLC signals. TABLE 34-19: CONFIGURABLE LOGIC CELL (CLC) CHARACTERISTICS Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise stated) Param. No. Sym. Characteristic Min. Typ.† Max. Units Conditions CLC01* TCLCIN CLC input time — 7 OS17 ns (Note 1) CLC02* TCLC CLC module input to output progagation time — — 24 12 — — ns ns VDD = 1.8V VDD > 3.6V CLC03* TCLCOUT CLC output time Rise Time — OS18 — — (Note 1) Fall Time — OS19 — — (Note 1) — 32 FOSC MHz CLC04* FCLCMAX CLC maximum switching frequency * † These parameters are characterized but not tested. Data in “Typ.” column is at 3.0V, 25°C unless otherwise stated. These parameters are for design guidance only and are not tested. Note 1: See Table 34-10 for OS17, OS18 and OS19 rise and fall times. DS40001795B-page 432 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 FIGURE 34-15: EUSART SYNCHRONOUS TRANSMISSION (MASTER/SLAVE) TIMING CK US121 US121 DT US122 US120 Refer to Figure 34-4 for Load conditions. Note: TABLE 34-20: EUSART SYNCHRONOUS TRANSMISSION REQUIREMENTS Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise stated) Param. No. Symbol Characteristic Min. Max. Units Conditions US120 TCKH2DTV SYNC XMIT (Master and Slave) Clock high to data-out valid — 80 ns 3.0V VDD 5.5V — 100 ns 1.8V VDD 5.5V US121 TCKRF Clock out rise time and fall time (Master mode) — 45 ns 3.0V VDD 5.5V — 50 ns 1.8V VDD 5.5V US122 TDTRF Data-out rise time and fall time — 45 ns 3.0V VDD 5.5V — 50 ns 1.8V VDD 5.5V FIGURE 34-16: EUSART SYNCHRONOUS RECEIVE (MASTER/SLAVE) TIMING CK US125 DT US126 Note: Refer to Figure 34-4 for Load conditions. TABLE 34-21: EUSART SYNCHRONOUS RECEIVE REQUIREMENTS Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise stated) Param. No. Symbol Characteristic US125 TDTV2CKL SYNC RCV (Master and Slave) Data-setup before CK (DT hold time) US126 TCKL2DTL Data-hold after CK (DT hold time) 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary Min. Max. Units 10 — ns 15 — ns Conditions DS40001795B-page 433 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 FIGURE 34-17: SPI MASTER MODE TIMING (CKE = 0, SMP = 0) SS SP81 SCK (CKP = 0) SP71 SP72 SP78 SP79 SP79 SP78 SCK (CKP = 1) SP80 bit 6 - - - - - -1 MSb SDO LSb SP75, SP76 SDI MSb In bit 6 - - - -1 LSb In SP74 SP73 Note: Refer to Figure 34-4 for Load conditions. FIGURE 34-18: SPI MASTER MODE TIMING (CKE = 1, SMP = 1) SS SP81 SCK (CKP = 0) SP71 SP72 SP79 SP73 SCK (CKP = 1) SP80 MSb SDO SP78 bit 6 - - - - - -1 LSb SP75, SP76 SDI MSb In bit 6 - - - -1 LSb In SP74 Note: Refer to Figure 34-4 for Load conditions. DS40001795B-page 434 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 FIGURE 34-19: SPI SLAVE MODE TIMING (CKE = 0) SS SP70 SCK (CKP = 0) SP83 SP71 SP72 SP78 SP79 SP79 SP78 SCK (CKP = 1) SP80 MSb SDO LSb bit 6 - - - - - -1 SP77 SP75, SP76 SDI MSb In bit 6 - - - -1 LSb In SP74 Note: SP73 Refer to Figure 34-4 for Load conditions. FIGURE 34-20: SS SPI SLAVE MODE TIMING (CKE = 1) SP82 SP70 SP83 SCK (CKP = 0) SP71 SP72 SCK (CKP = 1) SP80 MSb SDO bit 6 - - - - - -1 LSb SP77 SP75, SP76 SDI MSb In bit 6 - - - -1 LSb In SP74 Note: Refer to Figure 34-4 for Load conditions. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 435 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 TABLE 34-22: SPI MODE REQUIREMENTS Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise stated) Param. No. Symbol Characteristic Min. Typ.† Max. Units Conditions SP70* TSSL2SCH, TSSL2SCL SS to SCK or SCK input 2.25*TCY — — ns SP71* TSCH SCK input high time (Slave mode) TCY + 20 — — ns SP72* TSCL SCK input low time (Slave mode) TCY + 20 — — ns SP73* TDIV2SCH, TDIV2SCL Setup time of SDI data input to SCK edge 100 — — ns SP74* TSCH2DIL, TSCL2DIL Hold time of SDI data input to SCK edge 100 — — ns SP75* TDOR SDO data output rise time — 10 25 ns 3.0V VDD 5.5V — 25 50 ns 1.8V VDD 5.5V SP76* TDOF SDO data output fall time — 10 25 ns SP77* TSSH2DOZ SS to SDO output high-impedance 10 — 50 ns SP78* TSCR SCK output rise time (Master mode) — 10 25 ns 3.0V VDD 5.5V — 25 50 ns 1.8V VDD 5.5V SP79* TSCF SCK output fall time (Master mode) — 10 25 ns SP80* TSCH2DOV, TSCL2DOV SDO data output valid after SCK edge — — 50 ns 3.0V VDD 5.5V 1.8V VDD 5.5V SP81* TDOV2SCH, SDO data output setup to SCK TDOV2SCL edge SP82* TSSL2DOV SDO data output valid after SS edge SP83* TSCH2SSH, TSCL2SSH SS after SCK edge — — 145 ns 1 Tcy — — ns — — 50 ns 1.5 TCY + 40 — — ns * These parameters are characterized but not tested. † Data in “Typ.” column is at 3.0V, 25°C unless otherwise stated. These parameters are for design guidance only and are not tested. DS40001795B-page 436 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 FIGURE 34-21: I2C™ BUS START/STOP BITS TIMING SCL SP93 SP91 SP90 SP92 SDA Stop Condition Start Condition Note: Refer to Figure 34-4 for Load conditions. TABLE 34-23: I2C™ BUS START/STOP BITS REQUIREMENT S Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise stated) Param. No. Symbol Characteristic SP90* TSU:STA SP91* THD:STA SP92* TSU:STO SP93 THD:STO Stop condition Start condition 100 kHz mode 4700 Typ. Max. Units — — Setup time 400 kHz mode 600 — — Start condition 100 kHz mode 4000 — — Hold time 400 kHz mode 600 — — Stop condition 100 kHz mode 4700 — — Setup time Hold time * Min. 400 kHz mode 600 — — 100 kHz mode 4000 — — 400 kHz mode 600 — — Conditions ns Only relevant for Repeated Start condition ns After this period, the first clock pulse is generated ns ns These parameters are characterized but not tested. FIGURE 34-22: I2C™ BUS DATA TIMING SP103 SCL SP100 SP90 SP102 SP101 SP106 SP107 SP91 SDA In SP92 SP110 SP109 SP109 SDA Out Note: Refer to Figure 34-4 for Load conditions. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 437 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 TABLE 34-24: I2C™ BUS DATA REQUIREMENTS Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise stated) Param. No. SP100* Symbol THIGH Characteristic Clock high time Min. Max. Units Conditions 100 kHz mode 4.0 — s Device must operate at a minimum of 1.5 MHz 400 kHz mode 0.6 — s Device must operate at a minimum of 10 MHz SSP module SP101* TLOW Clock low time 1.5TCY — 100 kHz mode 4.7 — s Device must operate at a minimum of 1.5 MHz 400 kHz mode 1.3 — s Device must operate at a minimum of 10 MHz 1.5TCY — SSP module SP102* SP103* SP106* SP107* SP109* SP110* TR TF THD:DAT TSU:DAT TAA TBUF SDA and SCL rise time 100 kHz mode — 1000 ns 400 kHz mode 20 + 0.1CB 300 ns SDA and SCL fall time 100 kHz mode — 250 ns 400 kHz mode 20 + 0.1CB 250 ns Data input hold time 100 kHz mode 0 — ns 400 kHz mode 0 0.9 s Data input setup time 100 kHz mode 250 — ns 400 kHz mode 100 — ns Output valid from clock 100 kHz mode — 3500 ns 400 kHz mode — — ns Bus free time 100 kHz mode 4.7 — s 400 kHz mode 1.3 — s — 400 pF CB is specified to be from 10-400 pF (Note 2) (Note 1) Time the bus must be free before a new transmission can start SP111 CB * Note 1: These parameters are characterized but not tested. As a transmitter, the device must provide this internal minimum delay time to bridge the undefined region (min. 300 ns) of the falling edge of SCL to avoid unintended generation of Start or Stop conditions. A Fast mode (400 kHz) I2C™ bus device can be used in a Standard mode (100 kHz) I2C bus system, but the requirement TSU:DAT 250 ns must then be met. This will automatically be the case if the device does not stretch the low period of the SCL signal. If such a device does stretch the low period of the SCL signal, it must output the next data bit to the SDA line TR max. + TSU:DAT = 1000 + 250 = 1250 ns (according to the Standard mode I2C bus specification), before the SCL line is released. 2: DS40001795B-page 438 Bus capacitive loading CB is specified to be from 10-400 pF Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 35.0 DC AND AC CHARACTERISTICS GRAPHS AND CHARTS The graphs and tables provided in this section are for design guidance and are not tested. In some graphs or tables, the data presented are outside specified operating range (i.e., outside specified VDD range). This is for information only and devices are ensured to operate properly only within the specified range. Unless otherwise noted, all graphs apply to both the L and LF devices. Note: The graphs and tables provided following this note are a statistical summary based on a limited number of samples and are provided for informational purposes only. The performance characteristics listed herein are not tested or guaranteed. In some graphs or tables, the data presented may be outside the specified operating range (e.g., outside specified power supply range) and therefore, outside the warranted range. “Typical” represents the mean of the distribution at 25C. “MAXIMUM”, “Max.”, “MINIMUM” or “Min.” represents (mean + 3) or (mean - 3) respectively, where is a standard deviation, over each temperature range. Charts and graphs are not available at this time. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 439 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 36.0 DEVELOPMENT SUPPORT 36.1 The PIC® microcontrollers (MCU) and dsPIC® digital signal controllers (DSC) are supported with a full range of software and hardware development tools: • Integrated Development Environment - MPLAB® X IDE Software • Compilers/Assemblers/Linkers - MPLAB XC Compiler - MPASMTM Assembler - MPLINKTM Object Linker/ MPLIBTM Object Librarian - MPLAB Assembler/Linker/Librarian for Various Device Families • Simulators - MPLAB X SIM Software Simulator • Emulators - MPLAB REAL ICE™ In-Circuit Emulator • In-Circuit Debuggers/Programmers - MPLAB ICD 3 - PICkit™ 3 • Device Programmers - MPLAB PM3 Device Programmer • Low-Cost Demonstration/Development Boards, Evaluation Kits and Starter Kits • Third-party development tools MPLAB X Integrated Development Environment Software The MPLAB X IDE is a single, unified graphical user interface for Microchip and third-party software, and hardware development tool that runs on Windows®, Linux and Mac OS® X. Based on the NetBeans IDE, MPLAB X IDE is an entirely new IDE with a host of free software components and plug-ins for highperformance application development and debugging. Moving between tools and upgrading from software simulators to hardware debugging and programming tools is simple with the seamless user interface. With complete project management, visual call graphs, a configurable watch window and a feature-rich editor that includes code completion and context menus, MPLAB X IDE is flexible and friendly enough for new users. With the ability to support multiple tools on multiple projects with simultaneous debugging, MPLAB X IDE is also suitable for the needs of experienced users. Feature-Rich Editor: • Color syntax highlighting • Smart code completion makes suggestions and provides hints as you type • Automatic code formatting based on user-defined rules • Live parsing User-Friendly, Customizable Interface: • Fully customizable interface: toolbars, toolbar buttons, windows, window placement, etc. • Call graph window Project-Based Workspaces: • • • • Multiple projects Multiple tools Multiple configurations Simultaneous debugging sessions File History and Bug Tracking: • Local file history feature • Built-in support for Bugzilla issue tracker DS40001795B-page 440 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 36.2 MPLAB XC Compilers 36.4 The MPLAB XC Compilers are complete ANSI C compilers for all of Microchip’s 8, 16, and 32-bit MCU and DSC devices. These compilers provide powerful integration capabilities, superior code optimization and ease of use. MPLAB XC Compilers run on Windows, Linux or MAC OS X. For easy source level debugging, the compilers provide debug information that is optimized to the MPLAB X IDE. The free MPLAB XC Compiler editions support all devices and commands, with no time or memory restrictions, and offer sufficient code optimization for most applications. MPLAB XC Compilers include an assembler, linker and utilities. The assembler generates relocatable object files that can then be archived or linked with other relocatable object files and archives to create an executable file. MPLAB XC Compiler uses the assembler to produce its object file. Notable features of the assembler include: • • • • • • Support for the entire device instruction set Support for fixed-point and floating-point data Command-line interface Rich directive set Flexible macro language MPLAB X IDE compatibility 36.3 MPASM Assembler The MPASM Assembler is a full-featured, universal macro assembler for PIC10/12/16/18 MCUs. The MPASM Assembler generates relocatable object files for the MPLINK Object Linker, Intel® standard HEX files, MAP files to detail memory usage and symbol reference, absolute LST files that contain source lines and generated machine code, and COFF files for debugging. The MPASM Assembler features include: MPLINK Object Linker/ MPLIB Object Librarian The MPLINK Object Linker combines relocatable objects created by the MPASM Assembler. It can link relocatable objects from precompiled libraries, using directives from a linker script. The MPLIB Object Librarian manages the creation and modification of library files of precompiled code. When a routine from a library is called from a source file, only the modules that contain that routine will be linked in with the application. This allows large libraries to be used efficiently in many different applications. The object linker/library features include: • Efficient linking of single libraries instead of many smaller files • Enhanced code maintainability by grouping related modules together • Flexible creation of libraries with easy module listing, replacement, deletion and extraction 36.5 MPLAB Assembler, Linker and Librarian for Various Device Families MPLAB Assembler produces relocatable machine code from symbolic assembly language for PIC24, PIC32 and dsPIC DSC devices. MPLAB XC Compiler uses the assembler to produce its object file. The assembler generates relocatable object files that can then be archived or linked with other relocatable object files and archives to create an executable file. Notable features of the assembler include: • • • • • • Support for the entire device instruction set Support for fixed-point and floating-point data Command-line interface Rich directive set Flexible macro language MPLAB X IDE compatibility • Integration into MPLAB X IDE projects • User-defined macros to streamline assembly code • Conditional assembly for multipurpose source files • Directives that allow complete control over the assembly process 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 441 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 36.6 MPLAB X SIM Software Simulator The MPLAB X SIM Software Simulator allows code development in a PC-hosted environment by simulating the PIC MCUs and dsPIC DSCs on an instruction level. On any given instruction, the data areas can be examined or modified and stimuli can be applied from a comprehensive stimulus controller. Registers can be logged to files for further run-time analysis. The trace buffer and logic analyzer display extend the power of the simulator to record and track program execution, actions on I/O, most peripherals and internal registers. The MPLAB X SIM Software Simulator fully supports symbolic debugging using the MPLAB XC Compilers, and the MPASM and MPLAB Assemblers. The software simulator offers the flexibility to develop and debug code outside of the hardware laboratory environment, making it an excellent, economical software development tool. 36.7 MPLAB REAL ICE In-Circuit Emulator System The MPLAB REAL ICE In-Circuit Emulator System is Microchip’s next generation high-speed emulator for Microchip Flash DSC and MCU devices. It debugs and programs all 8, 16 and 32-bit MCU, and DSC devices with the easy-to-use, powerful graphical user interface of the MPLAB X IDE. The emulator is connected to the design engineer’s PC using a high-speed USB 2.0 interface and is connected to the target with either a connector compatible with in-circuit debugger systems (RJ-11) or with the new high-speed, noise tolerant, LowVoltage Differential Signal (LVDS) interconnection (CAT5). The emulator is field upgradeable through future firmware downloads in MPLAB X IDE. MPLAB REAL ICE offers significant advantages over competitive emulators including full-speed emulation, run-time variable watches, trace analysis, complex breakpoints, logic probes, a ruggedized probe interface and long (up to three meters) interconnection cables. DS40001795B-page 442 36.8 MPLAB ICD 3 In-Circuit Debugger System The MPLAB ICD 3 In-Circuit Debugger System is Microchip’s most cost-effective, high-speed hardware debugger/programmer for Microchip Flash DSC and MCU devices. It debugs and programs PIC Flash microcontrollers and dsPIC DSCs with the powerful, yet easy-to-use graphical user interface of the MPLAB IDE. The MPLAB ICD 3 In-Circuit Debugger probe is connected to the design engineer’s PC using a highspeed USB 2.0 interface and is connected to the target with a connector compatible with the MPLAB ICD 2 or MPLAB REAL ICE systems (RJ-11). MPLAB ICD 3 supports all MPLAB ICD 2 headers. 36.9 PICkit 3 In-Circuit Debugger/ Programmer The MPLAB PICkit 3 allows debugging and programming of PIC and dsPIC Flash microcontrollers at a most affordable price point using the powerful graphical user interface of the MPLAB IDE. The MPLAB PICkit 3 is connected to the design engineer’s PC using a fullspeed USB interface and can be connected to the target via a Microchip debug (RJ-11) connector (compatible with MPLAB ICD 3 and MPLAB REAL ICE). The connector uses two device I/O pins and the Reset line to implement in-circuit debugging and In-Circuit Serial Programming™ (ICSP™). 36.10 MPLAB PM3 Device Programmer The MPLAB PM3 Device Programmer is a universal, CE compliant device programmer with programmable voltage verification at VDDMIN and VDDMAX for maximum reliability. It features a large LCD display (128 x 64) for menus and error messages, and a modular, detachable socket assembly to support various package types. The ICSP cable assembly is included as a standard item. In Stand-Alone mode, the MPLAB PM3 Device Programmer can read, verify and program PIC devices without a PC connection. It can also set code protection in this mode. The MPLAB PM3 connects to the host PC via an RS-232 or USB cable. The MPLAB PM3 has high-speed communications and optimized algorithms for quick programming of large memory devices, and incorporates an MMC card for file storage and data applications. Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 36.11 Demonstration/Development Boards, Evaluation Kits, and Starter Kits 36.12 Third-Party Development Tools A wide variety of demonstration, development and evaluation boards for various PIC MCUs and dsPIC DSCs allows quick application development on fully functional systems. Most boards include prototyping areas for adding custom circuitry and provide application firmware and source code for examination and modification. The boards support a variety of features, including LEDs, temperature sensors, switches, speakers, RS-232 interfaces, LCD displays, potentiometers and additional EEPROM memory. Microchip also offers a great collection of tools from third-party vendors. These tools are carefully selected to offer good value and unique functionality. • Device Programmers and Gang Programmers from companies, such as SoftLog and CCS • Software Tools from companies, such as Gimpel and Trace Systems • Protocol Analyzers from companies, such as Saleae and Total Phase • Demonstration Boards from companies, such as MikroElektronika, Digilent® and Olimex • Embedded Ethernet Solutions from companies, such as EZ Web Lynx, WIZnet and IPLogika® The demonstration and development boards can be used in teaching environments, for prototyping custom circuits and for learning about various microcontroller applications. In addition to the PICDEM™ and dsPICDEM™ demonstration/development board series of circuits, Microchip has a line of evaluation kits and demonstration software for analog filter design, KEELOQ® security ICs, CAN, IrDA®, PowerSmart battery management, SEEVAL® evaluation system, Sigma-Delta ADC, flow rate sensing, plus many more. Also available are starter kits that contain everything needed to experience the specified device. This usually includes a single application and debug capability, all on one board. Check the Microchip web page (www.microchip.com) for the complete list of demonstration, development and evaluation kits. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 443 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 37.0 PACKAGING INFORMATION 37.1 Package Marking Information 14-Lead PDIP (300 mil) Example PIC16LF18325 /P e3 1519017 28-Lead SOIC (7.50 mm) Example 14-Lead SOIC (3.90 mm) Example PIC16F18325 /SL e3 1519017 14-Lead TSSOP (4.4 mm) Example XXXXXXXX YYWW NNN F18325ST 1519 017 Legend: XX...X Y YY WW NNN e3 * Note: DS40001795B-page 444 Customer-specific information Year code (last digit of calendar year) Year code (last 2 digits of calendar year) Week code (week of January 1 is week ‘01’) Alphanumeric traceability code Pb-free JEDEC® designator for Matte Tin (Sn) This package is Pb-free. The Pb-free JEDEC designator ( e3 ) can be found on the outer packaging for this package. In the event the full Microchip part number cannot be marked on one line, it will be carried over to the next line, thus limiting the number of available characters for customer-specific information. Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 Package Marking Information (Continued) Example 16-Lead UQFN (4x4x0.5mm) PIN 1 PIN 1 20-Lead PDIP (300 mil) PIC16 F18325 /MLe3 519017 Example PIC16LF18345 /P e3 1519017 XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX YYWWNNN 20-Lead SOIC (7.50 mm) Example PIC16LF18345 /SO e3 1519017 Legend: XX...X Y YY WW NNN e3 * Note: Customer-specific information Year code (last digit of calendar year) Year code (last 2 digits of calendar year) Week code (week of January 1 is week ‘01’) Alphanumeric traceability code Pb-free JEDEC® designator for Matte Tin (Sn) This package is Pb-free. The Pb-free JEDEC designator ( e3 ) can be found on the outer packaging for this package. In the event the full Microchip part number cannot be marked on one line, it will be carried over to the next line, thus limiting the number of available characters for customer-specific information. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 445 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 Package Marking Information (Continued) 20-Lead SSOP (5.30 mm) Example 16F18345 /SS e3 1405017 20-Lead UQFN (4x4x0.5 mm) PIN 1 Example PIN 1 PIC16 F18345 /ML e 519017 3 Legend: XX...X Y YY WW NNN e3 * Note: DS40001795B-page 446 Customer-specific information Year code (last digit of calendar year) Year code (last 2 digits of calendar year) Week code (week of January 1 is week ‘01’) Alphanumeric traceability code Pb-free JEDEC® designator for Matte Tin (Sn) This package is Pb-free. The Pb-free JEDEC designator ( e3 ) can be found on the outer packaging for this package. In the event the full Microchip part number cannot be marked on one line, it will be carried over to the next line, thus limiting the number of available characters for customer-specific information. Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 37.2 Package Details The following sections give the technical details of the packages. ! ` &' !&"&j#?!*!!& j%& &#& &&^{{???' '{j N NOTE 1 E1 1 3 2 D E A2 A L A1 c b1 b e eB |&! '! '&! }"'; %! }G~X } } } & & & ##jj!! \ J \ ]!& & \ "#& "##& X J J\ ##j#& X \ & J\ \ \ & & \ J \ #j!! \ ; \ ; ] |##& ?##& ?@ ]G J ! !"#$%&"'*;"&'"!&; &#?&&&# @%&G&!& J '! !#X# &"#' #%! &"! ! #%! &"! !! &$#Y!# '! #& X[\ ]G^]!'! &$&"! ??& "&& ! ? G\] 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 447 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 Note: For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at http://www.microchip.com/packaging DS40001795B-page 448 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 Note: For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at http://www.microchip.com/packaging 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 449 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 ! ` &' !&"&j#?!*!!& j%& &#& &&^{{???' '{j DS40001795B-page 450 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 Note: For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at http://www.microchip.com/packaging 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 451 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 Note: For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at http://www.microchip.com/packaging DS40001795B-page 452 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 Note: For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at http://www.microchip.com/packaging 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 453 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 16-Lead Ultra Thin Plastic Quad Flat, No Lead Package (JQ) - 4x4x0.5 mm Body [UQFN] Note: For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at http://www.microchip.com/packaging D A B N NOTE 1 1 2 E (DATUM B) (DATUM A) 2X 0.20 C 2X TOP VIEW 0.20 C SEATING PLANE A1 0.10 C C A 16X (A3) 0.08 C SIDE VIEW 0.10 C A B D2 0.10 C A B E2 2 e 2 1 NOTE 1 K N 16X b 0.10 L e C A B BOTTOM VIEW Microchip Technology Drawing C04-257A Sheet 1 of 2 DS40001795B-page 454 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 16-Lead Ultra Thin Plastic Quad Flat, No Lead Package (JQ) - 4x4x0.5 mm Body [UQFN] Note: For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at http://www.microchip.com/packaging Units Dimension Limits Number of Pins N e Pitch A Overall Height Standoff A1 A3 Terminal Thickness Overall Width E E2 Exposed Pad Width D Overall Length D2 Exposed Pad Length b Terminal Width Terminal Length L K Terminal-to-Exposed-Pad MIN 0.45 0.00 2.50 2.50 0.25 0.30 0.20 MILLIMETERS NOM 16 0.65 BSC 0.50 0.02 0.127 REF 4.00 BSC 2.60 4.00 BSC 2.60 0.30 0.40 - MAX 0.55 0.05 2.70 2.70 0.35 0.50 - Notes: 1. Pin 1 visual index feature may vary, but must be located within the hatched area. 2. Package is saw singulated 3. Dimensioning and tolerancing per ASME Y14.5M BSC: Basic Dimension. Theoretically exact value shown without tolerances. REF: Reference Dimension, usually without tolerance, for information purposes only. Microchip Technology Drawing C04-257A Sheet 2 of 2 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 455 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 16-Lead Ultra Thin Plastic Quad Flat, No Lead Package (JQ) - 4x4x0.5 mm Body [UQFN] Note: For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at http://www.microchip.com/packaging C1 X2 16 1 2 C2 Y2 Y1 X1 E SILK SCREEN RECOMMENDED LAND PATTERN Units Dimension Limits E Contact Pitch Optional Center Pad Width X2 Optional Center Pad Length Y2 Contact Pad Spacing C1 Contact Pad Spacing C2 Contact Pad Width (X16) X1 Contact Pad Length (X16) Y1 MIN MILLIMETERS NOM 0.65 BSC MAX 2.70 2.70 4.00 4.00 0.35 0.80 Notes: 1. Dimensioning and tolerancing per ASME Y14.5M BSC: Basic Dimension. Theoretically exact value shown without tolerances. Microchip Technology Drawing C04-2257A DS40001795B-page 456 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 " ! ` &' !&"&j#?!*!!& j%& &#& &&^{{???' '{j N E1 NOTE 1 1 2 3 D E A2 A L c A1 b1 b eB e |&! '! '&! }"'; %! }G~X } } } & & & ##jj!! \ J \ ]!& & \ "#& "##& X J J J\ ##j#& X \ & J & & \ J \ #j!! \ ; \ ; ] |##& ?##& ?@ ]G J ! !"#$%&"'*;"&'"!&; &#?&&&# @%&G&!& J '! !#X# &"#' #%! &"! ! #%! &"! !! &$#Y!# '! #& X[\ ]G^ ]!'! &$&"! ??& "&& ! ? G] 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 457 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 Note: For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at http://www.microchip.com/packaging DS40001795B-page 458 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 Note: For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at http://www.microchip.com/packaging 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 459 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 Note: For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at http://www.microchip.com/packaging DS40001795B-page 460 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 " #$%&#'##*+##' ! ` &' !&"&j#?!*!!& j%& &#& &&^{{???' '{j D N E E1 NOTE 1 1 2 e b c A2 A φ A1 L1 |&! '! '&! }"'; %! L XX } } } & ~& \]G ##jj!! \ \ \ &# %% \ #& X ##j#& X \ \J \ & \ ` && \\ \ \ ` && \X` #j!! ` & \ ##& ; J ! !"#$%&"'*;"&'"!&; &#?&&&# '! !#X# &"#' #%! &"! ! #%! &"! !! &$#''!# J '! #& X[\ ]G^ ]!'! &$&"! ??& "&& ! X`^ %'! *"!"?& "&& *% % '& " !! ? G] 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 461 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 Note: For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at http://www.microchip.com/packaging DS40001795B-page 462 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 20-Lead Ultra Thin Plastic Quad Flat, No Lead Package (GZ) - 4x4x0.5 mm Body [UQFN] Note: For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at http://www.microchip.com/packaging D A B N NOTE 1 1 2 E (DATUM B) (DATUM A) 2X 0.20 C 2X TOP VIEW 0.20 C SEATING PLANE A1 0.10 C C A 20X (A3) 0.08 C SIDE VIEW 0.10 C A B D2 L 0.10 C A B E2 2 K 1 NOTE 1 N 20X b 0.10 e C A B BOTTOM VIEW Microchip Technology Drawing C04-255A Sheet 1 of 2 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 463 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 20-Lead Ultra Thin Plastic Quad Flat, No Lead Package (GZ) - 4x4x0.5 mm Body [UQFN] Note: For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at http://www.microchip.com/packaging Units Dimension Limits Number of Terminals N e Pitch Overall Height A Standoff A1 A3 Terminal Thickness Overall Width E E2 Exposed Pad Width Overall Length D D2 Exposed Pad Length Terminal Width b Terminal Length L K Terminal-to-Exposed-Pad MIN 0.45 0.00 2.60 2.60 0.20 0.30 0.20 MILLIMETERS NOM 20 0.50 BSC 0.50 0.02 0.127 REF 4.00 BSC 2.70 4.00 BSC 2.70 0.25 0.40 - MAX 0.55 0.05 2.80 2.80 0.30 0.50 - Notes: 1. Pin 1 visual index feature may vary, but must be located within the hatched area. 2. Package is saw singulated 3. Dimensioning and tolerancing per ASME Y14.5M BSC: Basic Dimension. Theoretically exact value shown without tolerances. REF: Reference Dimension, usually without tolerance, for information purposes only. Microchip Technology Drawing C04-255A Sheet 2 of 2 DS40001795B-page 464 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 20-Lead Ultra Thin Plastic Quad Flat, No Lead Package (GZ) - 4x4x0.5 mm Body [UQFN] Note: For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at http://www.microchip.com/packaging C1 X2 20 1 2 C2 Y2 G1 Y1 X1 E SILK SCREEN RECOMMENDED LAND PATTERN Units Dimension Limits E Contact Pitch Optional Center Pad Width X2 Optional Center Pad Length Y2 Contact Pad Spacing C1 Contact Pad Spacing C2 Contact Pad Width (X20) X1 Contact Pad Length (X20) Y1 Contact Pad to Center Pad (X20) G1 MIN MILLIMETERS NOM 0.50 BSC MAX 2.80 2.80 4.00 4.00 0.30 0.80 0.20 Notes: 1. Dimensioning and tolerancing per ASME Y14.5M BSC: Basic Dimension. Theoretically exact value shown without tolerances. Microchip Technology Drawing C04-2255A 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 465 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 APPENDIX A: DATA SHEET REVISION HISTORY Revision A (06/2015) Initial release of the document. Revision B (07/2015) Updated the eXtreme Low-Power (XLP) Features section on page 1; Updated the Data Sheet Index in the Family Types table; Updated Sections 2.3, 3.2, 3.2.1 through 3.2.3, 3.5, 4.3.2, 5.2, 5.2.2, 5.2.3, 5.10, 6.1, 6.2.2, 6.2.2.3, 6.3, 6.4.4; 34.0 (Electrical Specifications); Removed note in Section 6.3.2; Updated Tables 1-2, 3-3, 5-1, 6-4, 19-1, 34-4, 34-7, Registers 4-1, 4-3, 4-4, 6-3, 6-4, and Figures 3-2, 34-5, 34-7; Removed Figure 3-8 (Indirect Addressing); Updated note 2 in Register 6-1 and Table 34-5; Updated notes in Register 6-2; Removed note 1 in Register 6-5 and note 2 in Register 6-2; Split table 6-1 in Tables 6-1 and 6-2; Changed data sheet status from Advance Information to Preliminary; Other minor corrections. DS40001795B-page 466 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16(L)F18325/18345 THE MICROCHIP WEB SITE CUSTOMER SUPPORT Microchip provides online support via our web site at www.microchip.com. This web site is used as a means to make files and information easily available to customers. Accessible by using your favorite Internet browser, the web site contains the following information: Users of Microchip products can receive assistance through several channels: • Product Support – Data sheets and errata, application notes and sample programs, design resources, user’s guides and hardware support documents, latest software releases and archived software • General Technical Support – Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ), technical support requests, online discussion groups, Microchip consultant program member listing • Business of Microchip – Product selector and ordering guides, latest Microchip press releases, listing of seminars and events, listings of Microchip sales offices, distributors and factory representatives • • • • Distributor or Representative Local Sales Office Field Application Engineer (FAE) Technical Support Customers should contact their distributor, representative or Field Application Engineer (FAE) for support. Local sales offices are also available to help customers. A listing of sales offices and locations is included in the back of this document. Technical support is available through the web site at: http://www.microchip.com/support CUSTOMER CHANGE NOTIFICATION SERVICE Microchip’s customer notification service helps keep customers current on Microchip products. Subscribers will receive e-mail notification whenever there are changes, updates, revisions or errata related to a specified product family or development tool of interest. To register, access the Microchip web site at www.microchip.com. Under “Support”, click on “Customer Change Notification” and follow the registration instructions. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 467 PIC16(L)F18325/18345 PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM To order or obtain information, e.g., on pricing or delivery, refer to the factory or the listed sales office. [X](1) PART NO. Device - X Tape and Reel Temperature Option Range /XX XXX Package Pattern Examples: a) b) Device: PIC16F18325, PIC16LF18325, PIC16F18345, PIC16LF18345. Tape and Reel Option: Blank T = Standard packaging (tube or tray) = Tape and Reel(1) Temperature Range: I E = -40C to +85C = -40C to +125C Package:(2) JQ GZ P ST SL SO SS = = = = = = = Pattern: (Industrial) (Extended) 16-lead UQFN (4x4) 20-lead UQFN (4x4) PDIP TSSOP 14-lead SOIC 20-lead SOIC SSOP Note QTP, SQTP, Code or Special Requirements (blank otherwise) DS40001795B-page 468 PIC16LF18325- E/P Extended temperature PDIP package PIC16LF18345- E/SO Extended temperature, SOIC package Preliminary 1: 2: Tape and Reel identifier only appears in the catalog part number description. This identifier is used for ordering purposes and is not printed on the device package. Check with your Microchip Sales Office for package availability with the Tape and Reel option. Small form-factor packaging options may be available. Please check www.microchip.com/packaging for small-form factor package availability, or contact your local Sales Office. 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Note the following details of the code protection feature on Microchip devices: • Microchip products meet the specification contained in their particular Microchip Data Sheet. • Microchip believes that its family of products is one of the most secure families of its kind on the market today, when used in the intended manner and under normal conditions. • There are dishonest and possibly illegal methods used to breach the code protection feature. All of these methods, to our knowledge, require using the Microchip products in a manner outside the operating specifications contained in Microchip’s Data Sheets. Most likely, the person doing so is engaged in theft of intellectual property. • Microchip is willing to work with the customer who is concerned about the integrity of their code. • Neither Microchip nor any other semiconductor manufacturer can guarantee the security of their code. Code protection does not mean that we are guaranteeing the product as “unbreakable.” Code protection is constantly evolving. We at Microchip are committed to continuously improving the code protection features of our products. Attempts to break Microchip’s code protection feature may be a violation of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act. If such acts allow unauthorized access to your software or other copyrighted work, you may have a right to sue for relief under that Act. Information contained in this publication regarding device applications and the like is provided only for your convenience and may be superseded by updates. It is your responsibility to ensure that your application meets with your specifications. MICROCHIP MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND WHETHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WRITTEN OR ORAL, STATUTORY OR OTHERWISE, RELATED TO THE INFORMATION, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ITS CONDITION, QUALITY, PERFORMANCE, MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR PURPOSE. Microchip disclaims all liability arising from this information and its use. Use of Microchip devices in life support and/or safety applications is entirely at the buyer’s risk, and the buyer agrees to defend, indemnify and hold harmless Microchip from any and all damages, claims, suits, or expenses resulting from such use. No licenses are conveyed, implicitly or otherwise, under any Microchip intellectual property rights unless otherwise stated. Trademarks The Microchip name and logo, the Microchip logo, dsPIC, FlashFlex, flexPWR, JukeBlox, KEELOQ, KEELOQ logo, Kleer, LANCheck, MediaLB, MOST, MOST logo, MPLAB, OptoLyzer, PIC, PICSTART, PIC32 logo, RightTouch, SpyNIC, SST, SST Logo, SuperFlash and UNI/O are registered trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. and other countries. The Embedded Control Solutions Company and mTouch are registered trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. Analog-for-the-Digital Age, BodyCom, chipKIT, chipKIT logo, CodeGuard, dsPICDEM, dsPICDEM.net, ECAN, In-Circuit Serial Programming, ICSP, Inter-Chip Connectivity, KleerNet, KleerNet logo, MiWi, MPASM, MPF, MPLAB Certified logo, MPLIB, MPLINK, MultiTRAK, NetDetach, Omniscient Code Generation, PICDEM, PICDEM.net, PICkit, PICtail, RightTouch logo, REAL ICE, SQI, Serial Quad I/O, Total Endurance, TSHARC, USBCheck, VariSense, ViewSpan, WiperLock, Wireless DNA, and ZENA are trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. and other countries. SQTP is a service mark of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. Silicon Storage Technology is a registered trademark of Microchip Technology Inc. in other countries. GestIC is a registered trademark of Microchip Technology Germany II GmbH & Co. KG, a subsidiary of Microchip Technology Inc., in other countries. All other trademarks mentioned herein are property of their respective companies. © 2015, Microchip Technology Incorporated, Printed in the U.S.A., All Rights Reserved. ISBN: 978-1-63277-621-1 QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM CERTIFIED BY DNV == ISO/TS 16949 == 2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Microchip received ISO/TS-16949:2009 certification for its worldwide headquarters, design and wafer fabrication facilities in Chandler and Tempe, Arizona; Gresham, Oregon and design centers in California and India. The Company’s quality system processes and procedures are for its PIC® MCUs and dsPIC® DSCs, KEELOQ® code hopping devices, Serial EEPROMs, microperipherals, nonvolatile memory and analog products. In addition, Microchip’s quality system for the design and manufacture of development systems is ISO 9001:2000 certified. Preliminary DS40001795B-page 469 Worldwide Sales and Service AMERICAS ASIA/PACIFIC ASIA/PACIFIC EUROPE Corporate Office 2355 West Chandler Blvd. Chandler, AZ 85224-6199 Tel: 480-792-7200 Fax: 480-792-7277 Technical Support: http://www.microchip.com/ support Web Address: www.microchip.com Asia Pacific Office Suites 3707-14, 37th Floor Tower 6, The Gateway Harbour City, Kowloon China - Xiamen Tel: 86-592-2388138 Fax: 86-592-2388130 Austria - Wels Tel: 43-7242-2244-39 Fax: 43-7242-2244-393 China - Zhuhai Tel: 86-756-3210040 Fax: 86-756-3210049 Denmark - Copenhagen Tel: 45-4450-2828 Fax: 45-4485-2829 India - Bangalore Tel: 91-80-3090-4444 Fax: 91-80-3090-4123 France - Paris Tel: 33-1-69-53-63-20 Fax: 33-1-69-30-90-79 Atlanta Duluth, GA Tel: 678-957-9614 Fax: 678-957-1455 China - Beijing Tel: 86-10-8569-7000 Fax: 86-10-8528-2104 India - New Delhi Tel: 91-11-4160-8631 Fax: 91-11-4160-8632 Germany - Dusseldorf Tel: 49-2129-3766400 Hong Kong Tel: 852-2943-5100 Fax: 852-2401-3431 Australia - Sydney Tel: 61-2-9868-6733 Fax: 61-2-9868-6755 Austin, TX Tel: 512-257-3370 China - Chengdu Tel: 86-28-8665-5511 Fax: 86-28-8665-7889 Boston Westborough, MA Tel: 774-760-0087 Fax: 774-760-0088 China - Chongqing Tel: 86-23-8980-9588 Fax: 86-23-8980-9500 Chicago Itasca, IL Tel: 630-285-0071 Fax: 630-285-0075 Cleveland Independence, OH Tel: 216-447-0464 Fax: 216-447-0643 Dallas Addison, TX Tel: 972-818-7423 Fax: 972-818-2924 Detroit Novi, MI Tel: 248-848-4000 Houston, TX Tel: 281-894-5983 Indianapolis Noblesville, IN Tel: 317-773-8323 Fax: 317-773-5453 Los Angeles Mission Viejo, CA Tel: 949-462-9523 Fax: 949-462-9608 New York, NY Tel: 631-435-6000 San Jose, CA Tel: 408-735-9110 Canada - Toronto Tel: 905-673-0699 Fax: 905-673-6509 India - Pune Tel: 91-20-3019-1500 Japan - Osaka Tel: 81-6-6152-7160 Fax: 81-6-6152-9310 China - Dongguan Tel: 86-769-8702-9880 China - Hangzhou Tel: 86-571-8792-8115 Fax: 86-571-8792-8116 Japan - Tokyo Tel: 81-3-6880- 3770 Fax: 81-3-6880-3771 Korea - Daegu Tel: 82-53-744-4301 Fax: 82-53-744-4302 China - Hong Kong SAR Tel: 852-2943-5100 Fax: 852-2401-3431 Korea - Seoul Tel: 82-2-554-7200 Fax: 82-2-558-5932 or 82-2-558-5934 China - Nanjing Tel: 86-25-8473-2460 Fax: 86-25-8473-2470 Malaysia - Kuala Lumpur Tel: 60-3-6201-9857 Fax: 60-3-6201-9859 China - Qingdao Tel: 86-532-8502-7355 Fax: 86-532-8502-7205 Malaysia - Penang Tel: 60-4-227-8870 Fax: 60-4-227-4068 China - Shanghai Tel: 86-21-5407-5533 Fax: 86-21-5407-5066 Philippines - Manila Tel: 63-2-634-9065 Fax: 63-2-634-9069 China - Shenyang Tel: 86-24-2334-2829 Fax: 86-24-2334-2393 Singapore Tel: 65-6334-8870 Fax: 65-6334-8850 China - Shenzhen Tel: 86-755-8864-2200 Fax: 86-755-8203-1760 Taiwan - Hsin Chu Tel: 886-3-5778-366 Fax: 886-3-5770-955 China - Wuhan Tel: 86-27-5980-5300 Fax: 86-27-5980-5118 Taiwan - Kaohsiung Tel: 886-7-213-7828 China - Xian Tel: 86-29-8833-7252 Fax: 86-29-8833-7256 Germany - Munich Tel: 49-89-627-144-0 Fax: 49-89-627-144-44 Germany - Pforzheim Tel: 49-7231-424750 Italy - Milan Tel: 39-0331-742611 Fax: 39-0331-466781 Italy - Venice Tel: 39-049-7625286 Netherlands - Drunen Tel: 31-416-690399 Fax: 31-416-690340 Poland - Warsaw Tel: 48-22-3325737 Spain - Madrid Tel: 34-91-708-08-90 Fax: 34-91-708-08-91 Sweden - Stockholm Tel: 46-8-5090-4654 UK - Wokingham Tel: 44-118-921-5800 Fax: 44-118-921-5820 Taiwan - Taipei Tel: 886-2-2508-8600 Fax: 886-2-2508-0102 Thailand - Bangkok Tel: 66-2-694-1351 Fax: 66-2-694-1350 01/27/15 DS40001795B-page 470 Preliminary 2015 Microchip Technology Inc.