US62 / US63 Two-coil Fan Driver Features and Benefits Application Examples Low cost High sensitivity Hall Sensor Locked rotor protection and auto-restart Power-efficient CMOS and power MOSFETs Built-in output protection clamping diode Integrated tachometer (US62) or alarm (US63) signal protected output 2-coil fan driver with FG/RD output in 4-pin VK package RoHS Compliant 5/12V fans Peak current up to 700mA Ordering Information Part No. US62 US63 Temperature Code E (-40°C to 85°C) E (-40°C to 85°C) 1 Functional Diagram Package Code VK (4-pin TO-92) VK (4-pin TO-92) 2 General Description The US62/63 is a one-chip solution for driving twocoil brushless DC cooling fans. Based on the advanced Melexis CMOS process, the IC contains a Hall-effect sensor, dynamic offset correction and low side output drivers. Frequency Generator or Rotation Detection is available. The open-drain output makes easier the connectivity with any external interface such as hardware monitoring or Super I/O IC. These features are combined with the Melexis patented no-VDD design to fit the IC in a small 4pin VK package. 3901000062 Rev 002 Page 1 of 11 Data Sheet May/09 US62 / US63 Two-coil Fan Driver Table of Contents 1 Functional Diagram ........................................................................................................ 1 2 General Description........................................................................................................ 1 3 Glossary of Terms .......................................................................................................... 3 4 Absolute Maximum Ratings ........................................................................................... 3 5 Pin Definitions and Descriptions................................................................................... 3 6 General Electrical Specifications .................................................................................. 4 7 Magnetic Characteristics ............................................................................................... 4 8 Driver Output vs Magnetic Pole..................................................................................... 4 9 Detailed General Description ......................................................................................... 5 10 Unique Features............................................................................................................ 5 11 Performance Graphs .................................................................................................... 6 11.1 RDSON vs TJ ............................................................................................................... 6 11.2 RDSON vs VDD ............................................................................................................. 6 11.3 Magnetic Parameters vs TJ ....................................................................................... 6 11.4 Magnetic Parameters vs VDD..................................................................................... 6 11.5 IDD vs VDD .................................................................................................................. 6 12 Test conditions ............................................................................................................. 7 12.1 VDD – operating ......................................................................................................... 7 12.2 RDSON ........................................................................................................................ 7 12.3 IDD ............................................................................................................................. 7 12.4 FG/RD Output Low Voltage ...................................................................................... 7 13 Application Information................................................................................................ 8 13.1 Typical application with pull-up resistor..................................................................... 8 13.2 Configuration for reverse voltage / ground hot-switch protection .............................. 8 14 Application Comments ................................................................................................. 8 15 Standard information regarding manufacturability of Melexis products with different soldering processes........................................................................................... 9 16 ESD Precautions ........................................................................................................... 9 17 VK Package Information (4-pin TO-92)...................................................................... 10 18 Disclaimer.................................................................................................................... 11 3901000062 Rev 002 Page 2 of 11 Data Sheet May/09 US62 / US63 Two-coil Fan Driver 3 Glossary of Terms Two-coil fan MilliTesla (mT), Gauss VDD IDD Peak output current Continuous output current Locked rotor FG RD LFPM A fan with two-coil windings where current alternates from 1 coil to the other depending on the direction of the magnetic field. Units of magnetic flux density : 1mT = 10 Gauss Voltage on the common point of the fan coils. Current supplying the chip which flows through the coil connected to the switched off output driver. The current flowing in the coil at start-up, only limited by the coil resistance RCOIL and the output driver resistance RDSON. The current flowing in the coil when the fan is spinning normally. The state when the fan stopped spinning due to mechanical blockage. Frequency generator or tachometer output Rotation detection or alarm output Linear Feet Per Minute – Unit of airflow velocity 4 Absolute Maximum Ratings Parameter Symbol Fan Supply Voltage VDD Peak Output Current IOUTp Continuous Output Current IOUTc Operating Temperature Range TA Junction Temperature TJ Storage Temperature Range TS Magnetic Flux Density B ESD Sensitivity (AEC Q100 002) Table 1: Absolute maximum ratings Value 18 700 250 -40 to 85 125 -55 to 150 Unlimited 2 Units V mA mA °C °C °C mT kV Exceeding the absolute maximum ratings may cause permanent damage. Exposure to absolute-maximumrated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. 5 Pin Definitions and Descriptions Pin Name Pin number Function FG (RD) 1 Frequency Generator (Rotation Detection) open drain output signal OUT1 2 Open Drain Coil Driver 1 OUT2 3 Open Drain Coil Driver 2 GND 4 Ground pin Table 2: Pin definitions and descriptions US62 (US63) 3901000062 Rev 002 Page 3 of 11 Data Sheet May/09 US62 / US63 Two-coil Fan Driver 6 General Electrical Specifications o DC Operating Parameters TA = 25 C, VDD = 5V to 12V (unless otherwise specified) Parameter Fan Supply Voltage Supply Current OUT1, OUT2 ON Resistance OUT1, OUT2 ON Resistance OUT1, OUT2 Output Clamp Voltage FG / RD Output Low Voltage FG / RD Output Clamp Voltage FG / RD Output Leakage Current FG / RD Output Current Limit Package Thermal Resistance Locked Rotor Period Locked Rotor Period Output Switching Delay Table 3: Electrical specifications Symbol VDD IDD RDSON 1,2 RDSON 1,2 VOUT1,2 VOL VCLMP ILEAK IFGLIM RTH TON TOFF TDELAY Test Conditions Operating – RCOIL = 50Ω Min 3.2(1) Typ 2 3.5 2.5 VDD = 5V VDD = 12V Max 18 4 36 IOL = 10mA 250 500 18 VFG (VRD) = 18V VFG (VRD) = 12V One-sided PCB, zero LFPM 10 20 200 0.22 1.3 100 “Dead time” when both drivers are off Units V mA Ω Ω V mV V µA mA °C/Watt S S us Note 1: The minimal value of VDD should be determined using the following equation: VDD = 3V + RCOIL * IDD 7 Magnetic Characteristics o DC Operating Parameters TA = 25 C, VDD = 12V (unless otherwise specified) Parameter Symbol Test Conditions Operate point BOP Release point BRP Hysteresis BHYST Table 4: Magnetic specifications Min -6 2 Typ 3 -3 6 Max 6 Units mT mT mT 8 Driver Output vs Magnetic Pole Parameter Test Conditions North pole B < BRP South pole B > BOP Table 5: Driver output vs magnetic pole OUT1 High Low OUT2 Low High Note 1: The magnetic pole is applied facing the branded side of the package 3901000062 Rev 002 Page 4 of 11 Data Sheet May/09 US62 / US63 Two-coil Fan Driver 9 Detailed General Description The US62/63 is a one-chip solution for driving two-coil brushless DC fans. Based on advanced Melexis CMOS process, the IC contains a Hall-effect sensor, dynamic offset correction and low side output drivers. The output drivers OUT1 and OUT2 are fully protected against switching transients. So there is no need for an external zener diode to cut the high voltage spikes induced by the fan coils. The US62 has an open-drain integrated tachometer FG output that follows the Hall signal. In the US63, the open-drain rotation detection output RD is active low during normal spinning of the motor. It goes high when the flux switching frequency becomes too low, which means the motor is blocked. 10 Unique Features The FG/RD output driver provides an over current protection limiting the current flowing in the FG/RD driver while switched ON. It can occur if a too small pull-up resistor is used or if this resistor is short connected. This protection helps avoid EOS damage on the FG/RD driver. The absence of a VDD pin enables the two low side output drivers and FG/RD signal output to fit in a four-pin VK package. The lack of a VDD pin decreases also the probability to damage the chip due to reverse voltage connection, using the coil resistance to limit the reverse current. In this condition, the total reverse current is twice the peak current value of the fan used. The built-in locked-rotor protection automatically shuts off the coil current when the rotor is mechanically blocked, or the rotational speed becomes too low. The fan tries to restart every 1.3 seconds until the rotation of the shaft is allowed again. The On / Off cycling reduces the average current to 1/7 normal. It is enough to prevent overheating or damage to most fans. 3901000062 Rev 002 Page 5 of 11 Data Sheet May/09 US62 / US63 Two-coil Fan Driver 11 Performance Graphs 11.1 RDSON vs TJ 11.2 RDSON vs VDD US62 / US63 14 12 12 10 10 VDD = 5V VDD = 12V 8 Rdson (Ohms) R d so n (O hm s ) US62 / US63 14 6 Rdson , Tj = -40°C 8 Rdson , Tj = 25°C Rdson , Tj = 125°C 6 4 4 2 2 0 0 -40 0 40 Junction Temperature (°C) 80 0 120 5 10 15 VDD 11.3 Magnetic Parameters vs TJ 11.4 Magnetic Parameters vs VDD US62 / US63 10 8 8 Bop, VDD = 5V Bop, VDD = 12V Brp, VDD = 5V Brp, VDD = 12V 6 4 4 2 2 0 -2 0 -2 -4 -4 -6 -6 -8 -8 -10 -10 -40 0 40 Junction Temperature (°C) Bop, Tj = 25°C Bop, Tj = 125°C Brp, Tj = 25°C Brp, Tj = 125°C 6 Bop, Brp (mT) Bop, Brp (mT) US62 / US63 10 80 120 0 5 10 15 VDD 11.5 IDD vs VDD 4 3.5 3 IDD (mA) 2.5 Tj = 25°C 2 1.5 1 0.5 0 0 5 10 15 VDD 3901000062 Rev 002 Page 6 of 11 Data Sheet May/09 US62 / US63 Two-coil Fan Driver 12 Test conditions 12.1 VDD – operating 12.2 RDSON 12.3 IDD 12.4 FG/RD Output Low Voltage 3901000062 Rev 002 Page 7 of 11 Data Sheet May/09 US62 / US63 Two-coil Fan Driver 13 Application Information 13.1 Typical application with pull-up resistor 13.2 Configuration for reverse voltage / ground hot-switch protection 14 Application Comments Figure 13.2 shows the application including several external protections. The diode DREVPROT best protects the chip and fan coils for reverse voltage condition. The capacitor CBYPASS is recommended if the supply ground may be disconnected while running even though the positive supply point is still connected. This capacitor provides a path to ground for the remaining energy in the coil which has to be evacuated. Without it, the energy can flow from OUT1/OUT2 to the FG/RD driver, without any limitation and may cause EOS damage. Its value has to be tuned depending on the coils characteristics. Bigger inductance requires bigger capacitor. The optional capacitor CFILTER suppresses wire disturbances on the FG/RD output line. 3901000062 Rev 002 Page 8 of 11 Data Sheet May/09 US62 / US63 Two-coil Fan Driver 15 Standard information regarding manufacturability of Melexis products with different soldering processes Our products are classified and qualified regarding soldering technology, solderability and moisture sensitivity level according to following test methods: Reflow Soldering SMD’s (Surface Mount Devices) • • • IPC/JEDEC J-STD-020 Moisture/Reflow Sensitivity Classification for Nonhermetic Solid State Surface Mount Devices (classification reflow profiles according to table 5-2) EIA/JEDEC JESD22-A113 Preconditioning of Nonhermetic Surface Mount Devices Prior to Reliability Testing (reflow profiles according to table 2) Melexis Working Instruction 341901308 Wave Soldering SMD’s (Surface Mount Devices) and THD’s (Through Hole Devices) • • • EN60749-20 Resistance of plastic- encapsulated SMD’s to combined effect of moisture and soldering heat EIA/JEDEC JESD22-B106 and EN60749-15 Resistance to soldering temperature for through-hole mounted devices Melexis Working Instruction 341901309 Iron Soldering THD’s (Through Hole Devices) • • EN60749-15 Resistance to soldering temperature for through-hole mounted devices Melexis Working Instruction 341901309 Solderability SMD’s (Surface Mount Devices) and THD’s (Through Hole Devices) • • EIA/JEDEC JESD22-B102 and EN60749-21 Solderability Melexis Working Instruction 3304312 For all soldering technologies deviating from above mentioned standard conditions (regarding peak temperature, temperature gradient, temperature profile etc) additional classification and qualification tests have to be agreed upon with Melexis. The application of Wave Soldering for SMD’s is allowed only after consulting Melexis regarding assurance of adhesive strength between device and board. For more information on the lead free topic please see quality page at our website: http://www.melexis.com/quality.asp 16 ESD Precautions Electronic semiconductor products are sensitive to Electro Static Discharge (ESD). Always observe Electro Static Discharge control procedures whenever handling semiconductor products. 3901000062 Rev 002 Page 9 of 11 Data Sheet May/09 US62 / US63 Two-coil Fan Driver 17 VK Package Information (4-pin TO-92) 5.22+/-0.10 1.55+/-0.10 4.20+/-0.10 0.73+/-0.10 1.42+/-0.10 3°+2 (2X) 5°+2 -1 (2X) 3. To preserve reliability, it is recommended to have total lead length equal to 2.5mm minimum, measured from the package line. +0.02 0.46 - 0.03 4. VK package is a pin though-hole package, hence adapted for wave soldering process. A reflow soldering process is not recommended with VK package as it may seriously affect device reliability. 10.50+/-0.30 0.00 0.20 1. All dimensions are in millimeters 2. Package dimension exclude molding flash. Mold flash shall not exceed 0.127mm. 2.5 min see note 3 E.D.M Process Surface Ro1.6~2.4um 3.65+/-0.10 Notes: Marking: 1st Line : US62 (US63) - Name of the device 2nd Line : xxxxx - the last 5 digits of lot number 0.38+/-0.03 1.27+/-0.03 0.38+/-0.03 3.81+/-0.03 5° +2 -1 (2X) 0.30+/-0.10 (2X) 3°+2 (2X) Hall plate location 1.99+/-0.13 1.3+/-0.13 0.52 TYP Notes: 1. All dimensions are in millimeters 3901000062 Rev 002 Page 10 of 11 Data Sheet May/09 US62 / US63 Two-coil Fan Driver 18 Disclaimer Devices sold by Melexis are covered by the warranty and patent indemnification provisions appearing in its Term of Sale. Melexis makes no warranty, express, statutory, implied, or by description regarding the information set forth herein or regarding the freedom of the described devices from patent infringement. Melexis reserves the right to change specifications and prices at any time and without notice. Therefore, prior to designing this product into a system, it is necessary to check with Melexis for current information. This product is intended for use in normal commercial applications. Applications requiring extended temperature range, unusual environmental requirements, or high reliability applications, such as military, medical lifesupport or life-sustaining equipment are specifically not recommended without additional processing by Melexis for each application. The information furnished by Melexis is believed to be correct and accurate. However, Melexis shall not be liable to recipient or any third party for any damages, including but not limited to personal injury, property damage, loss of profits, loss of use, interrupt of business or indirect, special incidental or consequential damages, of any kind, in connection with or arising out of the furnishing, performance or use of the technical data herein. No obligation or liability to recipient or any third party shall arise or flow out of Melexis’ rendering of technical or other services. © 2002 Melexis NV. All rights reserved. For the latest version of this document, go to our website at www.melexis.com Or for additional information contact Melexis Direct: Europe and Japan: Phone: +32 1367 0495 E-mail: [email protected] All other locations: Phone: +1 603 223 2362 E-mail: [email protected] ISO/TS 16949 and ISO14001 Certified 3901000062 Rev 002 Page 11 of 11 Data Sheet May/09