STPA001 4 x 50 W MOSFET quad bridge power amplifier Datasheet - production data Internally fixed gain (26 dB) '!0'03 '!0'03 Flexiwatt27 (Vertical) Flexiwatt27 (Horizontal) '!0'03 Flexiwatt25 (Vertical) '!0'03 Flexiwatt25 (Horizontal) Features Multipower BCD technology Description High output power capability: – 4 x 50 W/4 Ω Max. – 4 x 28 W/4 Ω @ 14.4 V, 1 kHz, 10 % – 4 x 72 W/2 Ω Max. The STPA001 is a breakthrough MOSFET technology class AB audio power amplifier designed for high power car radio. The fully complementary P-Channel/N-Channel output structure allows a rail to rail output voltage swing which, combined with high output current and minimized saturation losses sets new power references in the car-radio field, with unparalleled distortion performances. MOSFET output power stage 2 Ω driving capability Hi-Fi class distortion Low output noise High immunity to RF noise injection Standby function Mute function Automute at min. supply voltage detection Low external component count Protections: – Output short circuit to GND, to Vs, across the load – Very inductive loads – Overrating chip temperature with soft thermal limiter – Output DC offset detection – Load dump – Fortuitous open GND – Reversed battery – ESD – Capable to operate down to 6 V (e.g. “Startstop”) The STPA001 can operate down to 6 V and this makes the IC compliant to the most recent OEM specifications for low voltage operation (so called 'start-stop' battery profile during engine stop), helping car manufacturers to reduce the overall emissions and thus contributing to environment protection. Table 1. Device summary Order code Package Packing STPA001 Flexiwatt25 (Vertical) Tube STPA001H Flexiwatt25 (Horizontal) Tube STPA001A Flexiwatt27 (Vertical) Tube STPA001AH Flexiwatt27 (Horizontal) Tube October 2014 This is information on a product in full production. DocID023043 Rev 7 1/26 www.st.com Contents STPA001 Contents 1 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 1.1 2 3 4 Block diagram and application circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Pin description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 2.1 Pin connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 2.2 Pin functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Electrical specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 3.1 Absolute maximum ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 3.2 Thermal data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 3.3 Electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 3.4 Electrical characteristics curves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 General information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 4.1 Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 4.2 Battery variations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.2.1 Low voltage operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 4.2.2 Cranks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 4.2.3 Advanced battery management (hybrid vehicles) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Protections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 4.3.1 Short circuits and open circuit operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 4.3.2 Over-voltage and load dump protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 4.3.3 Thermal protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Warnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 4.4.1 DC offset detection (OD pin) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 4.4.2 Clipping detection and diagnostics (CD-DIAG pin) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Heat sink definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 5 Package information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 6 Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 2/26 DocID023043 Rev 7 STPA001 List of tables List of tables Table 1. Table 2. Table 3. Table 4. Table 5. Table 6. Device summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Pin functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Absolute maximum ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Thermal data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Document revision history. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 DocID023043 Rev 7 3/26 3 List of figures STPA001 List of figures Figure 1. Figure 2. Figure 3. Figure 4. Figure 5. Figure 6. Figure 7. Figure 8. Figure 9. Figure 10. Figure 11. Figure 12. Figure 13. Figure 14. Figure 15. Figure 16. Figure 17. Figure 18. Figure 19. Figure 20. Figure 21. Figure 22. Figure 23. Figure 24. Figure 25. Figure 26. Figure 27. Figure 28. Figure 29. Figure 30. 4/26 Block diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Application circuit (STPA001) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Application circuit (STPA001A & STPA001H) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Pin connection (top view) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Quiescent current vs. supply voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Output power vs. supply voltage (4 Ω) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Output power vs. supply voltage (2 Ω) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Distortion vs. output power (4 Ω) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Distortion vs. frequency (4 Ω) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Distortion vs. output power (4 Ω, Vs = 6 V). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Distortion vs. output power (2 Ω) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Distortion vs. frequency (2 Ω) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Distortion vs. output power (2 Ω, Vs = 6 V). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Supply voltage rejection vs. frequency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Crosstalk vs. frequency. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Total power dissipation & efficiency vs. Po (4 Ω, Sine) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Power dissipation vs. average output power (4 Ω, audio program simulation). . . . . . . . . . 14 Power dissipation vs. average output power (2 Ω, audio program simulation). . . . . . . . . . 14 ITU R-ARM frequency response, weighting filter for transient pop. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 SVR charge diagram. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Battery cranking curve example 1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Battery cranking curve example 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Upwards fast battery transitions diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Load dump protection diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Thermal protection diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Audio section waveforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Flexiwatt27 (vertical) mechanical data and package dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Flexiwatt27 (horizontal) mechanical data and package dimensions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Flexiwatt25 vertical mechanical data and package dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Flexiwatt25 (horizontal) mechanical data and package dimensions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 DocID023043 Rev 7 STPA001 1 Overview Overview The STPA001 is a complementary quad audio power amplifier. It is available in three different packages, Flexiwatt25 (vertical), Flexiwatt25 (horizontal) and Flexiwatt27. It embeds four independent amplifiers working in class AB, a standby and a mute pin, a clipping detector and diagnostics output and, only for the Flexiwatt27 package, an offset detector pin. The amplifier is fully operational down to a battery voltage of 6 V, without producing pop noise and continuing to play during battery transitions. The STPA001 can drive 2 Ω loads and has a very high immunity to disturbs without need of external components or compensation. It is protected against any kind of short or open circuit, over-voltage and over-temperature. 1.1 Block diagram and application circuit Figure 1. Block diagram 6CC 6CC 34"9 #$$)!' -54% /54 ). /54 07'.$ /54 ). /54 07'.$ /54 /54 ). 07'.$ /54 /54 ). 07'.$ !#'.$ 362 4!" 3'.$ /&&3%4 $%4%#4/2 /NLYIN&7 '!0'03 DocID023043 Rev 7 5/26 25 Overview STPA001 Figure 2. Application circuit (STPA001) 2))6(7 '(7(&725287 & ) & ) 5 9 9FF 9FF 5 67%< . . 5 & ) & ) & ,1 673$ ) ,1 287 & ) 287 ,1 & ) ,1 & ) 287 087( . 6*1' 287 $&*1' & ) 695 7$% & ) '!0'03 Figure 3. Application circuit (STPA001A & STPA001H) 2))6(7 '(7(&725287 & ) & ) 5 9 9FF 5 . 9FF 67%< . 5 & ) 087( & & ) 673$$ ) ,1 287 &) 287 ,1 &) ,1 &) ,1 287 . 6*1' 287 $&*1' & ) 695 & ) 7$% 5 9 . &'287 6/26 DocID023043 Rev 7 '!0'03 4!" DocID023043 Rev 7 4!" #$$)!' 07'.$ /54 -54% /54 6## /54 07'.$ /54 !#'.$ ). ). 3'.$ ). ). 362 /54 07'.$ /$ 07'.$ /54 -54% /54 6## /54 07'.$ /54 !#'.$ ). ). 3'.$ ). ). 362 /54 Pin connection /54 2.1 6## /54 34"9 /54 07'.$ Pin description 07'.$ 4!" /&&$%4 2 /54 6## /54 34"9 /54 07'.$ STPA001 Pin description Figure 4. Pin connection (top view) &LEXIWATT &LEXIWATT '!0'03 7/26 25 Pin description 2.2 STPA001 Pin functions Table 2. Pin functions Pin number Pin number FW27 FW25 8/26 Pin name Description 1 1 TAB - 2 25 OD Offset detector output 3 2 PW-GND2 4 3 OUT2- Channel 2, negative output 5 4 ST-BY Stand-by 6 5 OUT2+ Channel 2, positive output 7 6 VCC 8 7 OUT1- 9 8 PW-GND1 10 9 OUT1+ 11 10 SVR Supply voltage rejection pin 12 11 IN1 Channel 1, input 13 12 IN2 Channel 2, input 14 13 S-GND 15 14 IN4 Channel 4, input 16 15 IN3 Channel 3, input 17 16 AC-GND 18 17 OUT3+ 19 18 PW-GND3 20 19 OUT3- 21 20 VCC 22 21 OUT4+ Channel 4, positive output 23 22 MUTE Mute pin 24 23 OUT4- Channel 4, negative output 25 24 PW-GND4 Channel 4, output power ground 26 n.a CD-DIAG Clipping detector and diagnostics output 27 n.a TAB Channel 2, output power ground Supply voltage Channel 1, negative output Channel 1, output power ground Channel 1, positive output Signal ground AC ground Channel 3, positive output Channel 3, output power ground Channel 3, negative output Supply voltage - DocID023043 Rev 7 STPA001 Electrical specifications 3 Electrical specifications 3.1 Absolute maximum ratings Table 3. Absolute maximum ratings Symbol Value Unit Operating supply voltage 18 V VS (DC) DC supply voltage 28 V VS (pk) Peak supply voltage (for t = 50 ms) 50 V Output peak current Non repetitive (t = 100 μs) Repetitive (duty cycle 10 % at f = 10 Hz) 10 9 A A Power dissipation Tcase = 70 °C 85 W Tj Junction temperature 150 °C Tstg Storage temperature -55 to 150 °C Ground pin voltage -0.3 to 0.3 V -0.3 to 8 V -0.3 to Vs (pk) V -0.3 to 6 V Value Unit 1 °C/W VS IO Ptot GNDmax Parameter Vin max Input pin max voltage VSB max ST-BY pin max voltage Vmute max Mute pin max voltage 3.2 Thermal data Table 4. Thermal data Symbol Rth j-case Parameter Thermal resistance junction-to-case DocID023043 Rev 7 Max 9/26 25 Electrical specifications 3.3 STPA001 Electrical characteristics Refer to the test and application diagram, VS = 14.4 V; RL = 4 Ω; Rg = 600 Ω; f = 1 kHz; Tamb = 25 °C; unless otherwise specified. Table 5. Electrical characteristics Symbol Parameter Test condition Min. Typ. Max. Unit 6 - 18 V General characteristics VS Supply voltage range - Iq1 Quiescent current RL = ∞ 100 200 300 mA Output offset voltage Play mode / Mute mode -90 - +90 mV -10 - +10 mV -15 - +15 mV 40 55 70 kΩ VSt-by = 1.2 V - - 20 μA VSt-by = 0 - - 10 μA THD = 10 % THD = 1 % 26 20 28 22 - W W THD = 10 %, 2 Ω THD = 1 %, 2 Ω 43 34 48 38 - W W Max. output power Square wave input (2 Vrms) RL = 4 Ω RL = 2 Ω VS = 15.2 V; RL = 4 Ω 41 68 46 45 75 50 - W W W Distortion Po = 4 W - 0.007 0.05 % Gv Voltage gain - 25 26 27 dB dGv Channel gain unbalance - -1 - +1 dB eNo Output Noise "A" Weighted Bw = 20 Hz to 20 kHz - 35 50 100 μV μV SVR Supply voltage rejection f = 100 Hz; Vr = 1 Vrms 50 70 - dB fch High cut-off frequency PO = 0.5 W 100 300 - kHz CT Cross talk f = 1 kHz PO = 4 W f = 10 kHz PO = 4 W 60 - 75 60 - dB dB AM Mute attenuation POref = 4 W 80 90 - dB - - 1 μA 2.6 - - V VOS dVOS During mute ON/OFF output offset voltage During standby ON/OFF output offset voltage Ri Input impedance ISB Standby current consumption ITU R-ARM weighted - Audio performances Po Po max. THD Output power Control pin characteristics Ipin5 VSB out 10/26 Standby pin current VSt-by = 1.2 V to 2.6 V Standby out threshold voltage (Amp: ON) DocID023043 Rev 7 STPA001 Electrical specifications Table 5. Electrical characteristics (continued) Symbol Parameter Test condition Min. Typ. Max. Unit VSB in Standby in threshold voltage (Amp: OFF) - - 1.2 V VM out Mute out threshold voltage (Amp: Play) 2.6 - - V VM in Mute in threshold voltage (Amp: Mute) - - 1.2 V (Amp: Mute) Att 80 dB; POref = 4 W 4.5 5 5.5 V (Amp: Play) Att < 0.1 dB; PO = 0.5 W - - 6 V VMUTE = 1.2 V (Sourced current) 5 8 12 μA VSt-by = 5 V ±1 ±2 ±3 V Vo > ±3 V, Ioff Det = 1 mA 0 V < Voff Det < 18 V - 0.1 0.2 V Vo < ±1 V - 0 15 μA VAM in Ipin23 VS automute threshold Muting pin current Offset detector VOFF Detected differential output offset VOFF_SAT Off detector saturation voltage VOFF_LK Off detector leakage current Clipping detector CDLK Clip detector high leakage current Cd off - 0 1 μA CDSAT Clip detector saturation voltage DC On; ICD = 1 mA - 0.1 0.2 V CDTHD Clip detector THD level VCC > 6.5 V - 1 - % DocID023043 Rev 7 11/26 25 Electrical specifications 3.4 STPA001 Electrical characteristics curves Figure 5. Quiescent current vs. supply voltage Figure 6. Output power vs. supply voltage (4 Ω) ,TP$ 3R: 5/ 7 I N +] 9LQ 12/2$'6 3RPD[ 7+' 7+' 9V9 Figure 7. Output power vs. supply voltage (2 Ω) 3R: Figure 8. Distortion vs. output power (4 Ω) 7+' 5/ 7 I N +] '!0'03 '!0'03 9V9 9V 9 5/ 7 3RPD[ 7+' I N +] I N +] 7+' 9V9 3R: '!0'03 Figure 9. Distortion vs. frequency (4 Ω) 7+' '!0'03 Figure 10. Distortion vs. output power (4 Ω, Vs = 6 V) 7+' 9V 9 5/ 7 9V 9 5/ 7 3R : I N +] I N +] I+] '!0'03 12/26 DocID023043 Rev 7 3R: '!0'03 STPA001 Electrical specifications Figure 11. Distortion vs. output power (2 Ω) Figure 12. Distortion vs. frequency (2 Ω) 7+' 7+' 9V 9 5/ 7 3R : 9 V 9 5/ 7 I N +] I N +] 3R: I+] '!0'03 '!0'03 Figure 13. Distortion vs. output power (2 Ω, Vs = 6 V) 7+' Figure 14. Supply voltage rejection vs. frequency 695G% 9V 9 5/ 7 5J 7 9ULSSOH 9UPV I N +] I N +] 3R: I+] '!0'03 '!0'03 Figure 15. Crosstalk vs. frequency Figure 16. Total power dissipation & efficiency vs. Po (4 Ω, Sine) &52667$/.G% 9V 9 [ 5/ [7 I N+] H 3GLVV: 5/ 7 3R : 5J 7 H 3GLVV I+] '!0'03 DocID023043 Rev 7 3R: '!0'03 13/26 25 Electrical specifications STPA001 Figure 17. Power dissipation vs. average output Figure 18. Power dissipation vs. average output power (4 Ω, audio program simulation) power (2 Ω, audio program simulation) 3GLVV: 3GLVV: 9V 9 5/ [ 3,1.12,6( 9V 9 5/ [ 3,1.12,6( &/,367$57 &/,367$57 3RDYJ: '!0'03 Figure 19. ITU R-ARM frequency response, weighting filter for transient pop /UTPUTATTENUATIOND" 14/26 (Z '!0'03 DocID023043 Rev 7 3RDYJ: '!0'03 STPA001 General information 4 General information 4.1 Operation The STPA001's inputs are ground-compatible. If the standard value for the input capacitors (0.22 μF) is adopted, the low frequency cut-off will amount to 16 Hz. The input capacitors should be 1/4 of the capacitor connected to AC-GND pin for optimum pop performances (see Figure 2: Application circuit (STPA001)). Standby and mute pins are both CMOS compatible. RC cells at both mute and stand-by pins have always to be used in order to smooth the transitions for preventing any audible transient noise. In case muting and stand-by functions are not used, they could steadily be connected to VS, but a 470 kΩ resistance should be present between the power supply and the pins. The capacitance on SVR sets the start-up and shut-down times and helps to have pop-noise free transitions. Its minimum recommended value is 10 μF. However, to have a fast start-up time, the internal resistor on SVR pin, used to set the time constant, is reduced from 50 kΩ to 3 kΩ till voltage on SVR reaches VCC/4 -2VBE and then released. In this way the capacitor on SVR is charged very quickly to VCC/4, as shown in the following figure. The time constant to be assigned to the standby pin in order to obtain a virtually pop-free transition has to be slower than 2.5 V/ms. Figure 20. SVR charge diagram 6## 6##n 6"% 4IME '!0'03 SVR pin accomplishes multiple functions: it is used as a reference voltage for input pins (VCC/4) the capacitor connected to SVR helps the supply voltage ripple rejection it is used as a reference to generate the half supply voltage for the output When the amplifier goes in standby mode or goes out from this condition, it is suggested to put the amplifier in mute to ensure the absence of audible noise. Then the stand-by pin can be set to the appropriate value (ground or > 2.6 V) and the capacitance on SVR pin is discharged or charged consequently. 4.2 Battery variations 4.2.1 Low voltage operation The most recent OEM specifications are require automatic stop of car engine at traffic lights, in order to reduce emissions of polluting substances. The STPA001, thanks to its innovating DocID023043 Rev 7 15/26 25 General information STPA001 design, allows a continuous operation when battery falls down. At 6 V it is still fully operational, only the maximum output power is reduced accordingly to the available voltage supply. If the battery voltage drops below the minimum operating voltage of 6V the amplifier is fast muted, the capacitor on SVR is discharged and the amplifier restarts when the battery voltage returns to the correct voltage. 4.2.2 Cranks STPA001 can sustain worst case cranks from 16 V to 6 V, continuing to play and without producing any pop noise. Examples of battery cranking curves are shown below, indicating the shape and duration of allowed battery transitions. Figure 21. Battery cranking curve example 1 9EDWW9 9 9 9 9 W W W W W W W WV *$3*36 V1 = 16 V; V2 = 6 V; V3 = 7 V; V4 = 8 V t1 = 2 ms; t2 = 50 ms; t3 = 5 ms; t4 = 300 ms; t5 =10 ms; t6 = 1 s; t7 = 2 ms Figure 22. Battery cranking curve example 2 9EDWW 9 9 9 9 W W W W V1 = 16 V; V2 = 6 V; V3 = 7 V t1 = 2 ms; t2 = 5 ms; t3 = 15 ms; t5 = 1 s; t6 = 50 ms 16/26 DocID023043 Rev 7 W WV *$3*36 STPA001 4.2.3 General information Advanced battery management (hybrid vehicles) In addition to compatibility with low Vbatt, the STPA001 is able to sustain upwards fast battery transitions without causing unwanted audible effects, like pop noise, and without any sound interruption thanks to the innovative circuit topology. In fact, in hybrid vehicles, the engine ignition causes a fast increase of battery voltage which can reach 16 V in less than 10 ms. Figure 23. Upwards fast battery transitions diagram '!0'03 DocID023043 Rev 7 17/26 25 General information STPA001 4.3 Protections 4.3.1 Short circuits and open circuit operation When the IC detects a short circuit to ground, to Vs or across the load, the output of the amplifier is put in three-state (high impedance condition). The power stage remains in this condition until the short is removed. In case of short circuit to ground or Vcc, the amplifier exits from the three-state condition only when the output returns inside the limits imposed by an internal voltage comparator. When a short across the load is present, the power stage sees an over-current and is brought in protection mode for 100 μs. After this time, if the short circuit condition is removed the amplifier returns to play, otherwise the high impedance state is maintained and the check is repeated every 100 μs. Disconnection of load (open load condition) doesn't damage the amplifier, which continues to play. 4.3.2 Over-voltage and load dump protection When the battery voltage is higher than 19 V, the amplifier is switched to a high impedance state. It stops to playing till the supply voltage returns in the permitted range. The amplifier is protected against load dump surges having amplitude as high as 50 V and a rising time lower than 5 ms (see Figure 24). Figure 24. Load dump protection diagram 66DUMP 66CC MS MS '!0'03 4.3.3 Thermal protection If the junction temperature of the IC reaches Tj = 150 °C, a smooth mute is applied to reduce output power and limit power dissipation. If this is not enough and the junction temperature continues to increase, the amplifier is switched off when reaches the maximum temperature of 170 °C. /UTPUTPOWER Figure 25. Thermal protection diagram # 18/26 *UNCTIONTEMPERATURE # DocID023043 Rev 7 # '!0'03 STPA001 General information 4.4 Warnings 4.4.1 DC offset detection (OD pin) The STPA001 integrates a DC offset detector to avoid that an anomalous input DC offset is multiplied by the amplifier gain producing a dangerous large offset at the output. In fact an output offset may lead to speakers damage for overheating. The detector works with the amplifier un-muted and no signal at the inputs. When the differential output voltage is out of a window comparator with thresholds ± 2V (typ), the OD pin is pulled down. 4.4.2 Clipping detection and diagnostics (CD-DIAG pin) When clipping occurs, the output signal is distorted. If the signal distortion on one of the output channels exceeds 1%, the CD-DIAG pin is pulled down. This information can be sent to an audio processor in order to reduce the input signal of the amplifier and reduce the clipping. Thanks to a particular internal circuitry, the clip detector is always functional till 6.5 V. A short to ground and short to Vcc is pointed out by CD-DIAG. This pin is pulled down to 0 V till these shorts are present to inform the user a protection occurred. CD-DIAG acts also as thermal warning. In fact every time Tj exceeds 140 °C, it is pulled down to notify this occurrence. Figure 26. Audio section waveforms 34"90). 6/,4!'% T -54%0). 6/,4!'% T 6S /54054 7!6%&/2T $)!'PIN 7!6%&/2T #,)00).' 3(/244/'.$ /24/6S 4(%2-!, 02/8)-)49 '!0'03 DocID023043 Rev 7 19/26 25 General information 4.5 STPA001 Heat sink definition Assuming we have a maximum dissipated power of 26 W (e.g. in the worst case situation of frequent clipping occurrence), considering Tj max is 150°C and assuming ambient temperature is 70 °C, the available temperature gap for a correct dissipation is 80 °C. This means the thermal resistance of the system RTh has to be 80 °C/26 W = 3 °C/W. The junction to case thermal resistance is 1 °C/W. So the heat sink thermal resistance should be approximately 2 °C/W. This would avoid any thermal shutdown occurrence even after long-term and full-volume operation. 20/26 DocID023043 Rev 7 STPA001 Package information In order to meet environmental requirements, ST offers these devices in different grades of ECOPACK® packages, depending on their level of environmental compliance. ECOPACK® specifications, grade definitions and product status are available at: www.st.com. ECOPACK® is an ST trademark. Figure 27. Flexiwatt27 (vertical) mechanical data and package dimensions $)- -). ! " # $ % & ' ' ( ( ( ( , , , , , , - . / 2 2 2 2 2 6 6 6 6 MM 490 -!8 -). INCH 490 -!8 /54,).%!.$ -%#(!.)#!,$!4! 7\S 7\S 7\S 7\S &LEXIWATTVERTICAL DAMBARPROTUSIONNOTINCLUDED MOLDINGPROTUSIONINCLUDED 6 # " 6 ( ( 6 ! ( / ( 2 , 2 6 2 , . 2 , 5 Package information , , 6 6 2 $ 2 , 0IN 2 2 % ' ' & &,%8-% - - '!0'03 DocID023043 Rev 7 21/26 25 Package information STPA001 Figure 28. Flexiwatt27 (horizontal) mechanical data and package dimensions ',0 $ % & ' ( ) * * + + + + / / / / / / / 0 0 0 1 3 5 5 5 5 5 9 9 9 9 PP 7<3 0,1 0$; 0,1 LQFK 7<3 0$; 287/,1($1' 0(&+$1,&$/'$7$ 7\S 7\S 7\S 7\S )OH[LZDWW +RUL]RQWDO GDPEDUSURWXVLRQQRWLQFOXGHGPROGLQJSURWXVLRQLQFOXGHG % & 9 9 + 9 + ' + + 5 1 5 / 9 / 9 / 5 5 0 * ) 5 * 3 0 ( 5 / / / / 9 0 & '!0'03 22/26 DocID023043 Rev 7 STPA001 Package information Figure 29. Flexiwatt25 vertical mechanical data and package dimensions $)- ! " # $ % & ' ' ( ( ( ( , , , , , , - . / 2 2 2 2 2 6 6 6 6 -). MM 490 -!8 -). INCH 490 -!8 /54,).%!.$ -%#(!.)#!,$!4! &LEXIWATTVERTICAL 7\S 7\S 7\S 7\S DAMBARPROTUSIONNOTINCLUDED MOLDINGPROTUSIONINCLUDED 6 # " 6 ( ( 6 ! ( / ( 2 , 2 6 2 , . , 2 , , 6 6 2 $ 2 , 0IN 2 2 % ' ' & &,%8-% - - '!0'03 DocID023043 Rev 7 23/26 25 Package information STPA001 Figure 30. Flexiwatt25 (horizontal) mechanical data and package dimensions ',0 $ % & ' ( ) * * + + + + / / / / / / / 0 0 0 1 3 5 5 5 5 5 9 9 9 9 0,1 PP 7<3 0$; 0,1 LQFK 7<3 0$; 287/,1($1' 0(&+$1,&$/'$7$ )OH[LZDWW +RUL]RQWDO 7\S 7\S 7\S 7\S 'DPEDUSURWXVLRQQRWLQFOXGHG 0ROGLQJSURWXVLRQLQFOXGHG 9 % & 9 + 9 ' + + + $ 5 5 / / 9 5 / / 9 1 5 0 * * ) 3 0 ( 5 5 / / / 9 0 & *$3*36 24/26 DocID023043 Rev 7 STPA001 6 Revision history Revision history Table 6. Document revision history Date Revision Changes 03-Apr-2012 1 Initial release. 10-Sep-2012 2 Updated Table 3: Absolute maximum ratings on page 9. 14-Nov-2012 3 Updated: Features on page 1; Section 1.1: Block diagram and application circuit; Section 3.3: Electrical characteristics; Section 4.4.2: Clipping detection and diagnostics (CD-DIAG pin) on page 19; Added Section 3.4: Electrical characteristics curves. 05-Sep-2013 4 Updated Figure 17 & 18. 18-Sep-2013 5 Updated Disclaimer. 05-Sep-2014 6 Updated Table 1: Device summary on page 1. Added Figure 30: Flexiwatt25 (horizontal) mechanical data and package dimensions on page 24. 27-Oct-2014 7 Updated Table 1: Device summary on page 1. Added Figure 28: Flexiwatt27 (horizontal) mechanical data and package dimensions on page 22 DocID023043 Rev 7 25/26 25 STPA001 IMPORTANT NOTICE – PLEASE READ CAREFULLY STMicroelectronics NV and its subsidiaries (“ST”) reserve the right to make changes, corrections, enhancements, modifications, and improvements to ST products and/or to this document at any time without notice. Purchasers should obtain the latest relevant information on ST products before placing orders. ST products are sold pursuant to ST’s terms and conditions of sale in place at the time of order acknowledgement. Purchasers are solely responsible for the choice, selection, and use of ST products and ST assumes no liability for application assistance or the design of Purchasers’ products. No license, express or implied, to any intellectual property right is granted by ST herein. Resale of ST products with provisions different from the information set forth herein shall void any warranty granted by ST for such product. ST and the ST logo are trademarks of ST. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. Information in this document supersedes and replaces information previously supplied in any prior versions of this document. © 2014 STMicroelectronics – All rights reserved 26/26 DocID023043 Rev 7