STPA003 4 x 52 W quad bridge power amplifier with high side driver and low voltage operation Datasheet - production data – No external compensation – No bootstrap capacitors On board 0.4 A high side driver Flexiwatt25 Protections: – Output short circuit to GND, to Vs, across the load – Very inductive loads – Overrating chip temperature with soft thermal limiter – Output DC offset detection – Load dump voltage – Fortuitous open GND – Reversed battery – ESD '!0'03 '!0'03 Flexiwatt27 Features High output power capability: – 4 x 52 W/4 Ω max. – 4 x 30 W/4 Ω @ 14.4 V, 1 kHz, 10 % – 4 x 85 W/2 Ω max. – 4 x 55 W/2 Ω @ 14.4V, 1 kHz, 10 % Description MOSFET output power stage Capable to operate in low voltage conditions (e.g.: “Start - Stop”) Excellent GSM noise immunity Excellent 2 Ω driving capability Hi-Fi class distortion Low output noise Standby function and mute function Automute at min. supply voltage detection Low external component count: – Internally fixed gain (26 dB) The STPA003 is a MOSFET class AB audio power amplifier, designed for high-power car radio. In addition to the outstanding output current capability and distortion performance, the STPA003 is extremely robust against several kinds of fortuitous misconnection. It is compliant to the most recent OEM specifications for low voltage operation (the so called 'start-stop' battery profile during engine stop). It includes a DC offset detector and, in Flexiwatt27 package, a high side driver or a clipping detector. Table 1. Device summary Order code Package Packing STPA003OD-4WX Flexiwatt25 (with OD) Tube STPA003CD-48X Flexiwatt27 (with CD) Tube STPA003HSD-48X Flexiwatt27 (with HSD) Tube July 2014 This is information on a product in full production. DocID026688 Rev 1 1/25 www.st.com Contents STPA003 Contents 1 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 1.1 Block diagram and application circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 2 Pin description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 3 Electrical specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 3.1 Absolute maximum ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 3.2 Thermal data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 3.3 Electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 4 Electrical characteristics typical curves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 5 General information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 5.1 Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 5.2 Battery variations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.2.1 Low voltage operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 5.2.2 Cranks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 5.2.3 Advanced battery management (hybrid vehicles) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Protections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 5.3.1 Short circuits and open circuit operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 5.3.2 Over-voltage and load dump protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 5.3.3 Thermal protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Warnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 5.4.1 DC offset detection (OD pin) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 5.4.2 Clipping detection and diagnostics (CD-DIAG pin) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Heat sink definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 6 Package information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 7 Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 2/25 DocID026688 Rev 1 STPA003 List of tables List of tables Table 1. Table 2. Table 3. Table 4. Table 5. Table 6. Device summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Pin functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Absolute maximum ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Thermal data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Document revision history. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 DocID026688 Rev 1 3/25 3 List of figures STPA003 List of figures Figure 1. Figure 2. Figure 3. Figure 4. Figure 5. Figure 6. Figure 7. Figure 8. Figure 9. Figure 10. Figure 11. Figure 12. Figure 13. Figure 14. Figure 15. Figure 16. Figure 17. Figure 18. Figure 19. Figure 20. Figure 21. Figure 22. Figure 23. Figure 24. Figure 25. Figure 26. Figure 27. Figure 28. Figure 29. Figure 30. 4/25 Block diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Standard test and application circuit (Flexiwatt25 with OD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Standard test and application circuit (Flexiwatt25 with HSD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Standard test and application circuit (Flexiwatt27 with CD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Standard test and application circuit (Flexiwatt27 with HSD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Pin connections (top view) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Quiescent current vs. supply voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Output power vs. supply voltage (4 Ω) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Output power vs. supply voltage (2 Ω) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Distortion vs. output power (4 Ω) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Distortion vs. output power (2 Ω) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Distortion vs. frequency (4 Ω) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Distortion vs. frequency (2 Ω) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Distortion vs. output power (4 Ω, Vs = 6 V). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Distortion vs. output power (2 Ω, Vs = 6 V). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Supply voltage rejection vs. frequency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Crosstalk vs. frequency. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Total power dissipation & efficiency vs. Po (4 Ω, Sine) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Power dissipation vs. average output power (4 Ω, audio program simulation). . . . . . . . . . 15 Power dissipation vs. average output power (2 Ω, audio program simulation). . . . . . . . . . 15 ITU R-ARM frequency response, weighting filter for transient pop. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 SVR charge diagram. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Battery cranking curve example 1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Battery cranking curve example 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Upwards fast battery transitions diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Load dump protection diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Thermal protection diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Audio section waveforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Flexiwatt25 (vertical) mechanical data and package dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Flexiwatt27 (Vertical) mechanical data and package dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 DocID026688 Rev 1 STPA003 1 Overview Overview The STPA003 is a complementary quad audio power amplifier. It is available in two different packages, Flexiwatt25 and Flexiwatt27. It embeds four independent amplifiers working in class AB, a standby, a mute pin and an offset detector output. In the Flexiwatt27 package also a high side driver or a clipping detection pin with diagnostics information is present. In Flexiwatt25, the user can choose to have the offset detector or the high side driver on pin 25. The amplifier is fully operational down to a battery voltage of 6 V, without producing pop noise and continuing to play during battery transitions. The STPA003 can drive 2 ohm loads and has a very high immunity to disturbs without need of external components or compensation. It is protected against any kind of short or open circuit, over-voltage and over-temperature. 1.1 Block diagram and application circuit Figure 1. Block diagram 6CC 6CC & 34"9 & /$ -54% (3$ ). (3$#$$)!' (3$/$ /54 /54 07'.$ M& /54 /54 ). M& 07'.$ /54 ). /54 M& 07'.$ /54 ). /54 M& 07'.$ !#'.$ X& 362 4!" M& 3'.$ ONLYIN&LEXIWATT ONLYIN&LEXIWATT DocID026688 Rev 1 '!0'03 5/25 24 Overview STPA003 Figure 2. Standard test and application circuit (Flexiwatt25 with OD) 2))6(7 '(7(&725287 & ) & ) 5 9 9FF . 9FF 5 67%< . 5 & ) 087( . & & ) ,1 673$2' :; &) ,1 287 &) ,1 &) 287 ) ,1 287 6*1' 287 $&*1' 695 7$% & ) &[) '!0'03 Figure 3. Standard test and application circuit (Flexiwatt27 with CD) 2))6(7 '(7(&725287 & M) & M) 5 9 9FF 9FF 5 67%< . . 5 & ) 087( . & & ) ,1 M) 673$&' ; &M) ,1 287 &M) ,1 &M) 287 ,1 287 6*1' $&*1' &[M) 287 695 & M) 7$% 5 9 . &'287 6/25 DocID026688 Rev 1 *$3*36 STPA003 Overview Figure 4. Standard test and application circuit (Flexiwatt27 with HSD) 2))6(7 '(7(&725287 & M) & M) 5 9 9FF 9FF 5 . 67%< . 5 & ) 087( . & & ) ,1 673$+6' ; &M) ,1 287 &M) ,1 &M) 287 M) ,1 287 6*1' $&*1' &[M) 287 695 7$% & M) +6' DocID026688 Rev 1 *$3*36 7/25 24 Pin description 2 STPA003 Pin description Figure 5. Pin connections (top view) 4!" 07'.$ /54 34"9 /54 6## /54 07'.$ /54 362 ). ). &LEXIWATT 340!/$78 3'.$ ). ). !#'.$ /54 07'.$ /54 6## /54 -54% /54 07'.$ /$ '!0'03 4!" 4!" /$ /$ 07'.$ 07'.$ /54 /54 34"9 34"9 /54 /54 6## 6## /54 /54 07'.$ 07'.$ /54 /54 362 362 ). ). ). &LEXIWATT 340!(3$8 3'.$ ). ). &LEXIWATT 340!#$8 3'.$ ). ). ). !#'.$ !#'.$ /54 /54 07'.$ 07'.$ /54 /54 6## 6## /54 /54 -54% -54% /54 /54 07'.$ 07'.$ (3$ #$$)!' 4!" 4!" '!0'03 8/25 DocID026688 Rev 1 STPA003 Pin description Table 2. Pin functions Pin # FW27 Pin # FW25 Pin name 1 1 TAB 2 25 OD/HSD 3 2 PW-GND2 4 3 5 Description Device slug connection Offset detector output or high side driver output Type Output (open collector) Channel 2 power ground Ground OUT2- Channel 2 negative output Output 4 ST-BY Standby 6 5 OUT2+ Channel 2 positive output Output 7 6 VCC Supply voltage Supply 8 7 OUT1- Channel 1 negative output Output 9 8 PW-GND1 Channel 1 power ground Ground 10 9 OUT1+ Channel 1 positive output Output 11 10 SVR Supply voltage rejection pin Supply 12 11 IN1 Channel 1 input Input 13 12 IN2 Channel 2 input Input 14 13 S-GND 15 14 IN4 Channel 4 input Input 16 15 IN3 Channel 3 input Input 17 16 AC-GND 18 17 19 Signal ground - Ground AC ground Ground OUT3+ Channel 3 positive output Output 18 PW-GND3 Channel 3 power ground Ground 20 19 OUT3- Channel 3 negative output Output 21 20 VCC Supply voltage Supply 22 21 OUT4+ Channel 4 positive output Output 23 22 MUTE Mute pin 24 23 OUT4- Channel 4 negative output Output 25 24 PW-GND4 Channel 4 power ground Ground 26 n.a HSD / CD-DIAG 27 n.a TAB High side driver or clipping detector and diagnostics output Device slug connection DocID026688 Rev 1 Input Output (open collector) - 9/25 24 Electrical specifications STPA003 3 Electrical specifications 3.1 Absolute maximum ratings Table 3. Absolute maximum ratings Symbol Value Unit Operating supply voltage 18 V VS (DC) DC supply voltage 28 V VS (pk) Peak supply voltage (for t = 50 ms) 50 V Output peak current Non repetitive (t = 100 μs) Repetitive (duty cycle 10 % at f = 10 Hz) 10 9 A A Power dissipation Tcase = 70 °C 85 W Tj Junction temperature 150 °C Tstg Storage temperature -55 to 150 °C Ground pin voltage -0.3 to 0.3 V -0.3 to 8 V -0.3 to Vs(pk) V -0.3 to 6 V -40 to 105 °C Value Unit 1 °C/W VS IO Ptot GNDmax Parameter Vin max Input pin max voltage VSB max ST-BY pin max voltage Vmute max Mute pin max voltage Top 3.2 Operating ambient temperature Thermal data Table 4. Thermal data Symbol Rth j-case 10/25 Parameter Thermal resistance junction-to-case DocID026688 Rev 1 Max. STPA003 3.3 Electrical specifications Electrical characteristics Refer to the test and application diagram, VS = 14.4 V; RL = 4 Ω; Rg = 600 Ω; f = 1 kHz; Tamb = 25 °C; unless otherwise specified. Table 5. Electrical characteristics Symbol Parameter Test condition Min. Typ. Max. Unit 6 - 18 V General characteristics VS Supply voltage range - Iq1 Quiescent current RL = 100 200 400 mA Output offset voltage Mute mode -80 - +80 mV -10 - +10 mV -10 - +10 mV 50 55 60 kΩ VSt-by = 0.8 V - 0.2 2 μA VSt-by = 0 - 0.1 1 μA VS = 14.4 V; THD = 10 % VS = 14.4 V; THD = 1 % - 30 24 - W W 55 43 - W W VOS dVOS Output offset voltage when mute moves from ON to OFF Output offset voltage when standby moves from ON to OFF Ri Input impedance ISB Standby current consumption ITU R-ARM weighted Figure 20 - Audio performances Po Output power VS = 14.4 V; THD = 10 %, 2 Ω VS = 14.4 V; THD = 1 %, 2 Ω - 50 85 52 W W W Max. output power(1) VS = 14.4 V; RL = 4 Ω VS = 14.4 V; RL = 2 Ω VS = 15.2 V; RL = 4 Ω(square wave input (2 Vrms)) - Distortion Po = 4 W - 0.01 0.02 % Gv Voltage gain - 25.5 26 26.5 dB dGv Channel gain unbalance - -1 - +1 dB eNo Output Noise "A" Weighted Bw = 20 Hz to 20 kHz - 40 50 70 μV μV SVR Supply voltage rejection f = 100 Hz; Vr = 1 Vrms 50 70 - dB fch High cut-off frequency PO = 0.5 W 100 300 - kHz CT Cross talk f = 1 kHz PO = 4 W f = 10 kHz PO = 4 W 60 50 80 60 - dB dB AM Mute attenuation POref = 4 W 80 100 - dB - - 0.5 μA 2.2 - - V Po max. THD - Control pin characteristics Ipin5 VSB out Standby pin current VSt-by = 0.8 V to 2.2 V Standby out threshold voltage (Amp: ON) DocID026688 Rev 1 11/25 24 Electrical specifications STPA003 Table 5. Electrical characteristics (continued) Symbol Parameter Test condition Min. Typ. Max. Unit VSB in Standby in threshold voltage (Amp: OFF) - - 0.8 V VM out Mute out threshold voltage (Amp: Play) 2.3 - - V VM in Mute in threshold voltage (Amp: Mute) - - 0.8 V (Amp: Mute) Att 80 dB; POref = 4 W 4.5 5 5.5 V (Amp: Play) Att < 0.1 dB; PO = 0.5 W - - 6 V VMUTE = 0.8 V (Sourced current) - 9 14 μA Dropout voltage IO = 0.35 A - 0.25 0.3 V Current limits - 400 - 800 mA - ±2.3 ±3 ±3.7 V Vo > ±3 V, Ioff Det = 1 mA 0 V < Voff Det < 18 V - 0.05 0.1 V Vo < ±1 V - 0 15 μA VAM in Ipin23 VS automute threshold Muting pin current HSD section Vdropout Iprot Offset detector VOFF Detected differential output offset VOFF_SAT Off detector saturation voltage VOFF_LK Off detector leakage current Clipping detector CDLK Clip detector high leakage current Cd off - 0 1 μA CDSAT Clip detector saturation voltage DC On; ICD = 1 mA - 0.2 0.4 V CDTHD Clip detector THD level - - 1 - % 1. Saturated square wave output 12/25 DocID026688 Rev 1 STPA003 Electrical characteristics typical curves 4 Electrical characteristics typical curves Figure 6. Quiescent current vs. supply voltage Figure 7. Output power vs. supply voltage (4 Ω) ,TP$ 9LQ 5/ ȍ 9V9 5/ 7 I N+] 3RPD[ 7+' 7+' *$3*36 Figure 9. Distortion vs. output power (4 Ω) 3R: 5/ 7 I N+] 9V9 *$3*36 Figure 8. Output power vs. supply voltage (2 Ω) 3R: 7+' 9V 9 5/ 7 3RPD[ I N +] 7+' 7+' I N+] 9V9 Figure 10. Distortion vs. output power (2 Ω) 3R: Figure 11. Distortion vs. frequency (4 Ω) 7+' 7+' 9V 9 5/ 7 *$3*36 *$3*36 9V 9 5/ 3R : I N +] I N+] 3R: I+] *$3*36 DocID026688 Rev 1 *$3*36 13/25 24 Electrical characteristics typical curves STPA003 Figure 12. Distortion vs. frequency (2 Ω) Figure 13. Distortion vs. output power (4 Ω, Vs = 6 V) 7+' 7+' 9V 9 5/ 3R : 9V 9 5/ I N+] I N+] I+] 3R: *$3*36 Figure 14. Distortion vs. output power (2 Ω, Vs = 6 V) *$3*36 Figure 15. Supply voltage rejection vs. frequency 7+' 695G% 9V 9 5/ 5J 9ULSSOH 9UPV I N+] I N+] 3R: *$3*36 Figure 16. Crosstalk vs. frequency *$3*36 H 3GLVV: 5/ 3R : 5J Figure 17. Total power dissipation & efficiency vs. Po (4 Ω, Sine) &52667$/.G% I+] H 9V 9 5/ [7 [ I N+] 3GLVV I+] *$3*36 14/25 DocID026688 Rev 1 3R: '!0'03 STPA003 Electrical characteristics typical curves Figure 18. Power dissipation vs. average output Figure 19. Power dissipation vs. average output power (4 Ω, audio program simulation) power (2 Ω, audio program simulation) 3GLVV: 9V 9 5/ [ 3,1.12,6( 3GLVV: 9V 9 5/ [ 3,1.12,6( &/,367$57 &/,367$57 3RDYJ: '!0'03 3RDYJ: '!0'03 Figure 20. ITU R-ARM frequency response, weighting filter for transient pop /UTPUTATTENUATIOND" (Z '!0'03 DocID026688 Rev 1 15/25 24 General information STPA003 5 General information 5.1 Operation The STPA003's inputs are ground-compatible. If the standard value for the input capacitors (0.22 μF) is adopted, the low frequency cut-off will amount to 16 Hz. For optimum pop performances, the capacitor connected to AC-GND should be four times bigger than input capacitors (see Figure 2: Standard test and application circuit (Flexiwatt25 with OD)). Standby and mute pins are 3.3 V and 5 V compatible. RC cells at both mute and stand-by pins have always to be used in order to smooth the transitions for preventing any audible transient noise. A time constant slower than 2.5 V/ms is suggested for the stand-by pin and 0.5 V/ms for the mute pin. In case the standby function is not used, it could steadily be connected to Vs through a 470 kΩ resistor. The capacitance on SVR sets the start-up and shut-down times and helps to have pop-noise free transitions. Its minimum recommended value is 10 μF. However, to have a fast start-up time, the internal resistor on SVR pin, used to set the time constant, is reduced from 100 kΩ to 3 kΩ till voltage on SVR reaches VCC/4 -2VBE and then released. In this way the capacitor on SVR is charged very quickly to VCC/4, as shown in the following figure. Figure 21. SVR charge diagram 6## 6##n 6"% 4IME '!0'03 SVR pin accomplishes multiple functions: it is used as a reference voltage for input pins (VCC/4) the capacitor connected to SVR helps the supply voltage ripple rejection it is used as a reference to generate the half supply voltage for the output When the amplifier goes in stand-by mode or goes out from this condition, it is suggested to put the amplifier in mute to ensure the absence of audible noise. Then the standby pin can be set to the appropriate value (ground or > 2.2 V) and the capacitance on SVR pin is discharged or charged consequently. 16/25 DocID026688 Rev 1 STPA003 General information 5.2 Battery variations 5.2.1 Low voltage operation Most recent OEM specifications require automatic stop for car engine at traffic lights, in order to reduce emissions of polluting substances. The STPA003, thanks to its innovating design, allows a continuous operation when battery falls down. At 6 V it is still fully operational, only the maximum output power is reduced according to the available voltage supply. If the battery voltage drops below the minimum operating voltage of 6 V the amplifier is fast muted, the capacitor on SVR is discharged and the amplifier restarts when the battery voltage returns to the correct voltage. 5.2.2 Cranks STPA003 can sustain worst case cranks from 16 V to 6 V, continuing to play and without producing any pop noise. Examples of battery cranking curves are shown below, indicating the shape and duration of allowed battery transitions. Figure 22. Battery cranking curve example 1 9EDWW9 9 9 9 9 W W W W W W W WV *$3*36 V1 = 16 V; V2 = 6 V; V3 = 7 V; V4 = 8 V t1 = 2 ms; t2 = 50 ms; t3 = 5 ms; t4 = 300 ms; t5 =10 ms; t6 = 1 s; t7 = 2 ms DocID026688 Rev 1 17/25 24 General information STPA003 Figure 23. Battery cranking curve example 2 9EDWW 9 9 9 9 W W W W W WV *$3*36 V1 = 16 V; V2 = 6 V; V3 = 7 V t1 = 2 ms; t2 = 5 ms; t3 = 15 ms; t5 = 1 s; t6 = 50 ms 5.2.3 Advanced battery management (hybrid vehicles) In addition to compatibility with low Vbatt, the STPA003 is able to sustain upwards fast battery transitions without causing unwanted audible effects, like pop noise, and without any sound interruption thanks to the innovative circuit topology. In fact, in hybrid vehicles, the engine ignition causes a fast increase of battery voltage which can reach 16 V in less than 10 ms. Figure 24. Upwards fast battery transitions diagram '!0'03 18/25 DocID026688 Rev 1 STPA003 General information 5.3 Protections 5.3.1 Short circuits and open circuit operation When the IC detects a short circuit to ground, to Vsupply or across the load, the output of the amplifier is put in three-state (high impedance condition). The power stage remains in this condition until the short is removed. In case of short circuit to ground or Vcc, the amplifier exits from the three-state condition only when the output returns inside the limits imposed by an internal voltage comparator. When a short across the load is present, the power stage sees an over-current and is brought in protection mode for 100 μs. After this time, if the short circuit condition is removed the amplifier returns to play, otherwise the high impedance state is maintained and the check is repeated every 100 μs. Disconnection of load (open load condition) doesn't damage the amplifier, which continues to play. 5.3.2 Over-voltage and load dump protection When the battery voltage is higher than 19 V, the amplifier is switched to a high impedance state. It stops playing till the supply voltage returns in the permitted range. The amplifier is protected against load dump surges having amplitude as high as 50 V and a rising time lower than 5 ms (see Figure 25). Figure 25. Load dump protection diagram 66DUMP 66CC MS MS '!0'03 Thermal protection If the junction temperature of the IC reaches Tj = 150 °C, a smooth mute is applied to reduce output power and limit power dissipation. If this is not enough and the junction temperature continues to increase, the amplifier is switched off when reaches the maximum temperature of 170 °C. Figure 26. Thermal protection diagram /UTPUTPOWER 5.3.3 # *UNCTIONTEMPERATURE # DocID026688 Rev 1 # '!0'03 19/25 24 General information STPA003 5.4 Warnings 5.4.1 DC offset detection (OD pin) The STPA003 integrates a DC offset detector to avoid that an anomalous input DC offset is multiplied by the amplifier gain producing a dangerous large offset at the output. In fact an output offset may lead to speakers damage for overheating. To correctly detect a DC offset, the power amplifier has to be un-muted with no input signal. When the differential output voltage is out of a window comparator with thresholds ± 3 V (typ), the OD pin is pulled down. 5.4.2 Clipping detection and diagnostics (CD-DIAG pin) When clipping occurs, the output signal is distorted. If the signal distortion on one of the output channels exceeds 1 %, the CD-DIAG pin is pulled down. This information can be sent to an audio processor in order to reduce the input signal of the amplifier and reduce the clipping. A short to ground and short to Vcc is signaled by CD-DIAG. This pin is pulled down to 0 V till these shorts are present to inform the user a protection occurred. CD-DIAG acts also as thermal warning. In fact every time Tj exceeds 140 °C, it is pulled down to notify this occurrence. Figure 27. Audio section waveforms 34"90). 6/,4!'% T -54%0). 6/,4!'% T 6S /54054 7!6%&/2T $)!'PIN 7!6%&/2T #,)00).' 3(/244/'.$ /24/6S 4(%2-!, 02/8)-)49 '!0'03 20/25 DocID026688 Rev 1 STPA003 5.5 General information Heat sink definition Assuming we have a maximum dissipated power of 26 W (e.g. in the worst case situation of frequent clipping occurrence), considering Tj max is 150 °C and assuming ambient temperature is 70 °C, the available temperature gap for a correct dissipation is 80 °C. This means the thermal resistance of the system Rth has to be 80 °C/26 W = 3 °C/W. The junction to case thermal resistance is 1 °C/W. So the heat sink thermal resistance should be approximately 2 °C/W. This would avoid any thermal shutdown occurrence even after long-term and full-volume operation. DocID026688 Rev 1 21/25 24 Package information 6 STPA003 Package information In order to meet environmental requirements, ST offers these devices in different grades of ECOPACK® packages, depending on their level of environmental compliance. ECOPACK® specifications, grade definitions and product status are available at: www.st.com. ECOPACK® is an ST trademark. Figure 28. Flexiwatt25 (vertical) mechanical data and package dimensions $)- ! " # $ % & ' ' ( ( ( ( , , , , , , - . / 2 2 2 2 2 6 6 6 6 -). MM 490 -!8 -). INCH 490 -!8 /54,).%!.$ -%#(!.)#!,$!4! &LEXIWATTVERTICAL 7\S 7\S 7\S 7\S DAMBARPROTUSIONNOTINCLUDED MOLDINGPROTUSIONINCLUDED 6 # " 6 ( ( 6 ! ( / ( 2 , 2 6 2 , . , 2 , , 6 6 2 $ 2 , 0IN 2 2 % ' ' & &,%8-% - - '!0'03 22/25 DocID026688 Rev 1 STPA003 Package information Figure 29. Flexiwatt27 (Vertical) mechanical data and package dimensions ',0 0,1 $ % & ' ( ) * * + + + + / / / / / / 0 0 1 2 5 5 5 5 5 9 9 9 9 PP 7<3 0$; 0,1 LQFK 7<3 0$; 287/,1($1' 0(&+$1,&$/'$7$ 7\S 7\S 7\S 7\S )OH[LZDWWYHUWLFDO GDPEDUSURWXVLRQQRWLQFOXGHGPROGLQJSURWXVLRQLQFOXGHG 6 # " 6 ( ( 6 ! ( / ( 2 , 2 6 2 , . , 2 , , 6 6 2 , 0IN $ 2 2 2 % ' ' & - - % '!0'03 DocID026688 Rev 1 23/25 24 Revision history 7 STPA003 Revision history Table 6. Document revision history 24/25 Date Revision 11-Jul-2014 1 Changes Initial release. DocID026688 Rev 1 STPA003 Please Read Carefully: Information in this document is provided solely in connection with ST products. STMicroelectronics NV and its subsidiaries (“ST”) reserve the right to make changes, corrections, modifications or improvements, to this document, and the products and services described herein at any time, without notice. All ST products are sold pursuant to ST’s terms and conditions of sale. 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The ST logo is a registered trademark of STMicroelectronics. All other names are the property of their respective owners. © 2014 STMicroelectronics - All rights reserved STMicroelectronics group of companies Australia - Belgium - Brazil - Canada - China - Czech Republic - Finland - France - Germany - Hong Kong - India - Israel - Italy - Japan Malaysia - Malta - Morocco - Philippines - Singapore - Spain - Sweden - Switzerland - United Kingdom - United States of America www.st.com DocID026688 Rev 1 25/25 25