UM1977 User manual STEVAL-IME013V1 evaluation board based on the STHV800 ultrasound pulser Introduction The STEVAL-IME013V1 is an evaluation board designed around the STHV800 ultrasound pulser IC, a state of the art device for ultrasound imaging applications. The system can drive eight transducers as 8channel transmitters and display the output waveforms directly on an oscilloscope by connecting the scope probe on the relative BNCs. Four preset waveforms are available to test the HV pulser under different conditions. It is also possible to change these preset waveforms via a PC GUI (see STSWIME011 on www.st.com ). Figure 1: STEVAL-IME013V1 evaluation board December 2015 DocID028610 Rev 1 1/24 www.st.com Contents UM1977 Contents 1 Board features ................................................................................. 3 2 Getting starting ................................................................................ 4 3 Hardware layout and configuration ................................................ 5 4 3.1 Power supply..................................................................................... 5 3.2 MCU .................................................................................................. 6 3.3 Stored patterns.................................................................................. 8 3.4 STHV800 stage ............................................................................... 17 3.5 Operating supply conditions ............................................................ 18 Connectors .................................................................................... 19 4.1 Power supply................................................................................... 19 4.2 Power-up sequence ........................................................................ 20 4.3 MCU ................................................................................................ 20 5 Schematic ...................................................................................... 22 6 Revision history ............................................................................ 23 2/24 DocID028610 Rev 1 UM1977 1 Board features Board features Suitable for ultrasound imaging applications 8 monolithic channels, 3 level high voltage pulser Integrated T/R switch On-board equivalent piezoelectric load implemented through an R/C equivalent network USB interface is available to upload customized output waveforms Built in microcontroller Flash memory available for storing customized waveforms High voltage screw connectors to power the STHV800 Automatic lockout overvoltage protection 7 LEDs to check EVAL BOARD status and proper operation Human machine interface to select, start and stop the stored output waveforms DocID028610 Rev 1 3/24 Getting starting 2 UM1977 Getting starting The STEVAL-IME013V1 is shipped by STMicroelectronics ready to use. The user only has to: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 4/24 Plug the right power supply to the board (see Section 2: "Board features" for further details) Connect the BNC to the oscilloscope to visualize the generated waveforms once you start the program Check that the LED PROGRAM 1 (L1) turns on Select the waveform with the program button. The corresponding program LED (L1L4) turns on Press the start button to run the selected program, the start LED L5 turns on. After program ends, the microcontroller returns to the idle state (LED L5 is off) If a continuous wave program is selected, only the stop can halt program execution. The microcontroller returns to the idle state and the STOP LED (L5) turns off To run the same program again, restart from step 5. To run another program, restart from step 4 Overvoltage protection will suspend pattern generation and the red LED L6 switch on if the HV supply exceeds 90 V. Pattern generation will restart after the HV supply voltage drops back into the allowed range. DocID028610 Rev 1 UM1977 3 Hardware layout and configuration Hardware layout and configuration The STEVAL-IME013V1 evaluation board is designed around the STHV800. The hardware block diagram ( Figure 2 ) illustrates the main connection between STHV800 and the STM32F4. Figure 3: "STEVAL-IME013V1 board layout" can help you to locate connectors, LEDs and features on the board. Figure 2: Hardware block diagram Figure 3: STEVAL-IME013V1 board layout 3.1 Power supply The low voltage block of the STEVAL-IME013V1 board is designed to be powered: during programming and when the board is connected to the PC: 5 V DC through USB Mini B connector to supply the STM32F4 during pattern generation and when high voltage is powered on: 5 V DC connected to VDD to supply STM32F4 and STHV800 through an LDO -5 V DC connected to VSS to supply STHV800 through an LDO DocID028610 Rev 1 5/24 Hardware layout and configuration UM1977 the USB link must be removed when high voltage is connected to the board The high voltage block of the STEVAL-IME013V1 is designed to be powered by: VDD: Positive supply voltage, 5 V (2 - VDD conn.) GND: Ground (1 – VDD conn. And 2 – VSS conn.) VSS: Negative supply voltage -5 V (1 - VSS conn.) HVM: TX high voltage negative supply HVM_CW: Continuous high voltage negative supply GND: Ground HVP_CW: Continuous high voltage positive supply HVP: TX High voltage positive supply Figure 4: STEVAL-IME013V1 board connections 3.2 MCU The STM32F427 is fully dedicated to generate the bitstream on its GPIO pins to drive the pulser output channels. It is pre-programmed as a DFU (device firmware upgrade) device to upgrade internal FLASH memory. The STM32F427 manages all the DFU operations, such as the authentication of product identifier, vendor identifier and Firmware version. The MCU drives the pulser channels through the use of different General Purpose I/O (GPIO) pins. You can simulataneously drive 1 to 16 different pins by simply writing a 16-bit word in the GPIO Output Data Register (ODR). The board can be connected to a PC through via USB and the required pattern can be transmitted as a sequence of states for each pulser channel and of durations for each state. Here, all the durations are expressed in units of MCU system clock cycles. Once the information is received, the channel states are converted into 16-bit words for the GPIO peripheral and they are stored in the embedded Flash, together with the timing information. Once programmed, the PC connection is no longer required as the board can act as a stand-alone device. Different patterns can be stored selected for use at run-time. 6/24 DocID028610 Rev 1 UM1977 Hardware layout and configuration The same MCU can perform two different solutions to ensure real-time execution. The first solution involves the use of the STM32 Direct Memory Access (DMA) peripheral. The DMA is able to transfer data from memory to any peripheral register, GPIO included, without taking into account the MCU core. To trigger the DMA transfer, a general purpose TIMER is used. The timer works at the system clock frequency, basically acting as a counter, and the reload value (the value at which the counter returns to zero) is stored in the Auto Reload Register (ARR). The timer triggers two different DMA channels in two different moments: 1. 2. the first channel is triggered at each reload event the second is triggered at a constant time after reload. Once the first trigger is received, the first channel transfers the new GPIO word into the ODR. At the second trigger, the second channel transfers the new duration information into the ARR. The timer preload feature is enabled, so that the new ARR value is effective only at the next reload. Since the time needed by the first DMA channel to update the ODR is a constant, considering the reload trigger as the starting point, the time that elapses between two different GPIO updates is simply given by the ARR value. The Circular buffer feature of the DMA can be enabled to allow the automatic regeneration of the same pattern at each end. This solution has the advantage of being fully managed by hardware and the MCU core remains free to handle user tasks. The main drawback is that each timing value between two subsequent states cannot be lower than a minimum value in order to guarantee enough time for both the two DMA channels to perform their transfers. Figure 5: Solution 1 The second solution is designed to overcome the minimum duration requirement of the DMA solution and involves the MCU core directly. During run-time, the core generates the binary assembly code it needs to load and store each word in the ODR. Unnecessary instructions like control loops are avoided, so the code is simply a succession of simple load/store instructions. To adapt the timing to the pattern needs, dummy instructions are inserted in the assembly code. To avoid wasting time to load each word from memory, the word is inserted as a literal in the assembly instruction itself. This means that a 32-bit instruction is needed instead of a 16-bit equivalent. In order to avoid any latency due to the instruction fetch from Flash, the DocID028610 Rev 1 7/24 Hardware layout and configuration UM1977 code is executed from the embedded RAM. Moreover, the RAM is configured to be accessed by the core through a different bus from the bus used to access the ODR. These solutions render it possible to achieve a minimum two system clock cycle time before two updates and still maintain a one system clock cycle resolution. For instance, if you consider a STM32F4 clocked at 168 MHz, the minimum timing you can achieve is 12 ns and you can set the duration of each state with a resolution of 6 ns. For a repetitive pattern, a branch instruction is added at the end of the routine to restart the pattern generation. In this case, the clock cycles needed for the branch instruction must be considered for the last state. The main drawback of this solution is that the MCU core is 100% occupied by the pattern generation, even if it can be still called by peripheral interrupts to stop the pattern generation to perform other tasks. Figure 6: Solution 2 3.3 Stored patterns STEVAL-IME013V1 can store four patterns in the MCU Flash memory in order to show the achievable performance at the pulser outputs. Four selectable patterns are already stored in the STM32 Flash memory as the default, ready-to-use set. A detailed description of the programs settings is listed below. Program 1, CW=0 8/24 DocID028610 Rev 1 UM1977 Hardware layout and configuration Table 1: Program 1 PW 5 pulses - HV=±60 V; Load: 270 pF//100 Ω Mode Freq. (MHz) No of pulses Initial pulse H-Bridge PRF Ch 1 PW 2.5 5 Negative TX 150 µs Ch 2 PW 2.5 5 Positive TX 150 µs Ch 3 PW 5 5 Negative TX 150 µs Ch 4 PW 5 5 Positive TX 150 µs Ch 5 PW 2.5 5 Negative TX 150 µs Ch 6 PW 2.5 5 Positive TX 150 µs Ch 7 PW 5 5 Negative TX 150 µs Ch 8 PW 5 5 Positive TX 150 µs XDCR_1, XDCR_2, XDCR_5, XDCR_6: Pulse Wave mode, TX switching, 5 pulses, time-period TP=400 ns and PRF=150 µs XDCR_3, XDCR_4, XDCR_7, XDCR_8: Pulse Wave mode, TX switching, 5 pulses, time-period TP=200 ns and PRF=150 µs DocID028610 Rev 1 9/24 Hardware layout and configuration UM1977 Figure 7: Acquisition by program 1 Program 2 CW=0 10/24 XDCR_1, XDCR_2, XDCR_5, XDCR_6: Pulse Wave mode, TX switching, 5 pulses, time-period TP=200 ns and PRF=150 µs XDCR_3, XDCR_4, XDCR_7, XDCR_8: Pulse Wave mode, TX switching, 5 pulses, time-period TP=100 ns and PRF=150 µs DocID028610 Rev 1 UM1977 Hardware layout and configuration Table 2: Program 2 PW 5 pulses - HV=±60 V; Load: 270 pF//100 Ω Mode Freq. (MHz) No. of pulses Initial pulse H-Bridge PRF Ch 1 PW 5 5 Negative TX 150 µs Ch 2 PW 5 5 Positive TX 150 µs Ch 3 PW 10 5 Negative TX 150 µs Ch 4 PW 10 5 Positive TX 150 µs Ch 5 PW 5 5 Negative TX 150 µs Ch 6 PW 5 5 Positive TX 150 µs Ch 7 PW 10 5 Negative TX 150 µs Ch 8 PW 10 5 Positive TX 150 µs DocID028610 Rev 1 11/24 Hardware layout and configuration UM1977 Figure 8: Acquisition by program 2 Program 3 12/24 XDCR_1, XDCR_2, XDCR_5, XDCR_6: Continuous Wave mode, TX-CW switching, time-period TP=400 ns XDCR_3, XDCR_4, XDCR_7, XDCR_8: Continuous Wave mode, TX-CW switching, time-period TP=200 ns DocID028610 Rev 1 UM1977 Hardware layout and configuration Table 3: Program 3 Continuous Wave – HV_CW=±10V; Load: 270 pF//100 Ω Mode Freq. (MHz) No. of pulses Initial pulse H-Bridge Ch 1 CW 2.5 Continuous wave Positive TX-CW Ch 2 CW 2.5 Continuous wave Negative TX-CW Ch 3 CW 5 Continuous wave Positive TX-CW Ch 4 CW 5 Continuous wave Negative TX-CW Ch 5 CW 2.5 Continuous wave Positive TX-CW Ch 6 CW 2.5 Continuous wave Negative TX-CW Ch 7 CW 5 Continuous wave Positive TX-CW Ch 8 CW 5 Continuous wave Negative TX-CW DocID028610 Rev 1 13/24 Hardware layout and configuration UM1977 Figure 9: Acquisition by program 3 Program 4 CW=0 14/24 XDCR_1, XDCR_2, XDCR_5, XDCR_6: Pulse Wave mode, TX0 switching, 1.5 pulses, time-period TP=400ns and consequently TX1 switching, 5 pulses, timeperiod=200 ns and PRF=150 µs XDCR_3, XDCR_4, XDCR_7, XDCR_8: Pulse Wave mode, TX0 switching, 1.5 pulses, time-period TP=200ns and consequently TX1 switching, 5 pulses, timeperiod=200 ns and PRF=150 µs. DocID028610 Rev 1 UM1977 Hardware layout and configuration Table 4: Program 4 PW - HV=±60 V; Load: 270 pF//100 Ω Mode Freq. (MHz) No. of pulses Initial pulse H-Bridge PRF Ch 1 PW 2.5 - 5 3 half pulse then 4 pulse Positive TX 150 µs Ch 2 PW 2.5 - 5 3 half pulse then 4 pulse Negative TX 150 µs Ch 3 PW 5 3 half pulse then 4 pulse Positive TX 150 µs Ch 4 PW 5 3 half pulse then 4 pulse Negative TX 150 µs Ch 5 PW 2.5 - 5 3 half pulse then 4 pulse Positive TX 150 µs Ch 6 PW 2.5 - 5 3 half pulse then 4 pulse Negative TX 150 µs Ch 7 PW 5 3 half pulse then 4 pulse Positive TX 150 µs Ch 8 PW 5 3 half pulse then 4 pulse Negative TX 150 µs DocID028610 Rev 1 15/24 Hardware layout and configuration UM1977 Figure 10: Acquisition by Program 4 The board can be connected to a PC via USB cable and patterns can be edited through a user inetrface. Remove the USB link when the high voltage is connected to the board. 16/24 DocID028610 Rev 1 UM1977 3.4 Hardware layout and configuration STHV800 stage The STHV800 high-voltage, high-speed pulser generator features eight independent channels. It is designed for medical ultrasound applications, but can also be used for other piezoelectric, capacitive or MEMS transducers. The device contains a controller logic interface circuit, level translators, MOSFET gate drivers, noise blocking diodes and highpower P-channel and N-channel MOSFETs as output stages for each channel. It also includes clamping-to-ground circuitry, anti-leakage, an anti-memory effect block, a thermal sensor and a HV receiver switch (HVR_SW) that ensures strong decoupling during the transmission phase. The STHV800 also features self-biasing and thermal shutdown blocks. Figure 11: STHV800 single channel block diagram Each channel can support up to three active output levels with one half-bridge. Each channel consists of two supplied output stages for pulsed wave (PW) and continuous wave (CW) operations. The PW output stage is able to provide up to ±2 A peak output current while, to reduce power dissipation and jitter during continuous wave mode, the fully optimized CW output stage delivers up to ±0.3 A. For further information, please refer to the STHV800 datasheet. DocID028610 Rev 1 17/24 Hardware layout and configuration 3.5 UM1977 Operating supply conditions Table 5: DC working supply conditions Operating supply voltage Symbol Parameter Min. Typ. Max. Value VDD Positive supply voltage 5 6 10 V VSS Negative supply voltage -5 6 -10 V HVP TX high voltage positive supply 95 V HVM TX high voltage negative supply HVP_CW CW high voltage positive supply HVM_CW CW high voltage negative supply -95 V 95 -95 V V While HVM / HVM_CW and HVP / HVP_CW are fully independent on the board, the relationships HVM_CW ≥ HVM and HVP_CW ≤ HVP must be respected during operation. 18/24 DocID028610 Rev 1 UM1977 Connectors 4 Connectors 4.1 Power supply The STEVAL-IME013V1 board must be powered through the screw connectors shown in following figures. Figure 12: Power supply connector VDD (+5 V - GND) Figure 13: Power supply connector VSS (GND - -5 V) Figure 14: Power supply connector HVP – HVP_CW and HVM – HVM_CW DocID028610 Rev 1 19/24 Connectors 4.2 UM1977 Power-up sequence 1 VDD 2 VSS The only recommendation for powering up the board is for low voltages as shown in above. Other voltages are fully power-up/power-down free, so there is no recommended sequence to follow. 4.3 MCU Figure 15: USB mini-B connector (CN1) Table 6: USB mini B connector pin out PIN number Description 1 VBUS (power) 2 DM (STM32 PA11) 3 DP (STM32 PA12) 4 N.C. 5 Ground Figure 16: JTAG connector 20/24 DocID028610 Rev 1 UM1977 Connectors Figure 17: Boot connector DocID028610 Rev 1 21/24 L1 L2 L3 RL2 56 L2 L4 RL3 56 L3 L5 5 4 UF1 DVDD BA T20J D2 L6 RL6 56 L6 USBDM USBDP +5V DVDD RF4 107k RF3 62k RF2 62k RF1 107k 8M H z 1M Cosc1 22pF 22pF C osc 2 X1 V D D1 VDD2 VDD3 VDD 4 VDD5 VDDA VREF+ O S C_IN OSC_OUT NRST BOO T VSSA VSS3 VSS1 NC VREFV S S2 VSS4 VSS5 100nF 100nF 100nF 100nF 100nF SPI3_MISO SPI2_MISO SPI1_MISO CB4 CB3 CB2 100nF CB11 AVSS CB8 CB7 AN_SUPPLY OSC_IN AV SS C F6 10F C F5 10F Rosc OSC_OUT 1 0n F CC2 1 0n F CC1 USBUF01W 6 1 D4 VDD D1 3 D3 GND D2 RL5 56 L5 36 24 1 USB_PW R CF4 10 F -5V LT3032 SHD INP OUTP 10,12 3 SHD BYPP 2 ADJP 8 AD J N CF3 4,5 11 GND BYPN 10 F INN O UTN RL4 56 L4 GND 1734035-1 Shell ID D+ D- VBUS USB REG2 50 75 DVDD 100 28 BOOT0 11 22 21 R1_F2 R2_F2_F4 12 OSC_IN 0 0 OSC_OUT 13 14 NR S T 94 19 99 49 R1_F1_F4 C1_F2_F4 73 R2_F1 R3_F1 20 2_F 4 C 2_F 0 0 0 74 27 10 2.2F 2 . 2F RL1 56 L1 -5V R18 330 LVLV+ VSS LV+ LV- VDD 14 6,9 5 2 D1 BAT20J 1 7 +5V ADC_IN0 ADC_IN1 ADC_IN2 C F1 10F SPI_CLK CF2 10F SPI_JTAG_1 CB1 100nF SPI_CLK SPI1_MISO AVD D SPI3 SPI2 SPI1 100nF CB5 STM32F427 U1 VBAT PC0 PC 1 PC2 PC3 PC4 PC5 PC6 PC7 PC8 PC9 PC10 PC 1 1 P C 12 PC13 P C 14 PC15 RTHSD 10k T HSD RSHD 33 0 SHD CW 6 15 PC0 16 PC1 17 PC2 18 P C3 33 P C 4 34 PC5 63 PC6 64 PC7 65 PC8 66 PC9 78P C 10 79PC11 80PC12 7 PC13 8 PC14 9 PC15 CW PC10 PC11 100nF CB6 DVDD SPI_CLK SPI2_MISO AVDD L5 L6 DVDD USBDP USBDM JTMS JTCK JTDI 23 24 25 26 29 30 31 32 67 68 69 70 71 72 76 77 DocID028610 Rev 1 PA0 PA1 PA2 PA3 PA4 PA5 PA6 PA7 PA8 PA9 PA10 PA11 PA12 PA13 PA14 PA15 JTDO SPI_CLK PE0 PE1 PE2 PE3 PE4 PE5 PE6 PE7 PE8 PE9 PE10 PE11 PE12 PE13 PE14 PE15 JRST SPI3_MISO 97 98 1 2 3 4 5 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 SPI_JTAG_2 35 36 37 89 90 91 92 93 95 96 47 48 51 52 53 54 PC7 PC6 PC0 PC1 PC2 PC3 PC4 PC5 PC1 0 PC11 PC12 PC 1 3 PC14 PC15 PC9 PC8 AVDD 55 % POT1 AVSS 100nF CP1 STR 100nF CP2 P2 PRG 100nF CP3 P3 STP RAD4 2.7k CAD2 100nF RAD3 100k HVP_CW RP3 10k ADC_IN2 ZAD2 100nF CP4 RE 0 56 RE1 56 RE2 56 RE3 56 R E4 56 RE5 56 RE6 56 RE7 56 RLD 100 RLC 100 USR 100 100nF CRST 220nF CB22 220nF 2 2 0nF CB21 220nF 2 2 0n F CB20 220nF 2 2 0 nF CB19 220nF HVM_CW 10F CF12 10F 220nF CB24 220nF J TA G CF11 H V+ HV- H VM GND_PW R HV+ HV- HVP LVOUT1 HV+ HV- HVM_CW GND_PW R HV+ HV- HVP_CW 10F CF8 10F CF7 100 CB23 HVP_CW CB17 CB16 CR2 270pF RR2 XDCR8 XDCR7 XDCR6 XDCR5 GND_PW R XDCR4 XDCR3 XDCR2 XDCR1 CB15 LVOUT8 GND_PW R 0 R GND CB14 RST 220nF CB18 2 2 0nF CB13 NRST H VM HV P CR1 270pF RR1 RLH 100 RLG 100 RLF 100 270pF 27 0 pF 2 70pF 27 0p F RLE 100 CLH CLG CLF CLE RLB 100 270pF 270pF RLA 100 CLD CLC 270pF HVP CLB 0 R H VP HVP_CW 270pF HVM CLA DVDD P4 RP4 10k 15,20,51,56 52 53 54 55 16 17 18 19 1 2 3 4 11 12 13 14 ADC_IN1 USR_RX DZ2S033 RP2 10k ADC _IN0 P1 RP 1 10k 100nF CAD1 DVDD GND_PW R LVOUT_1 LVOUT_2 LVOUT_3 LVOUT_4 L V O UT _ 5 LVOUT_6 LVOUT_7 L V O UT _ 8 XDCR_1 XDCR_2 XD CR_3 XDCR_4 XDCR_5 XDCR_6 XDCR_7 XDCR_8 0 RHVM HVM_CW A U X 0 AUX1 AUX2 AUX 3 AUX4 A UX5 A UX6 AU X 7 RAD2 100k U2 STHV800 ZAD1 DZ2S033 IN1_0 IN1_1 IN 2 _0 IN2_1 IN3_0 IN3_1 IN4_0 IN4_1 IN5_0 IN5_1 IN6_0 IN6_1 IN7_0 IN7_1 IN8_0 IN8_1 CW THSD CK RAD1 2 . 7k 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 41 29 42 AV DD HVM_CW PC THSD CW PB0 PB1 PB2 PB3 PB4 PB5 PB6 PB7 PB8 PB9 PB10 PB11 PB12 PB13 PB14 PB15 33,34,35,36,37 HVP 38 HVP_CW HVM_CW HVM PD0 PD1 PD2 PD3 PD4 PD5 PD6 PD7 PD8 PD9 PD10 PD11 PD12 PD13 PD14 PD15 GND_PW R 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 40 30 DVDD VDDP DGND AGND VDDM 39 32 31 22/24 HVP HVP_CW 5 5,6,7,8,9,57 HVM 10 HVM_CW REG1 L D 1 1 17 +5V IN OUT GND Schematic UM1977 Schematic Figure 18: STEVAL-IME013V1 circuit schematic NRST JRST JTCK JTDO JTMS DVDD JTDI L4 L3 L2 L1 P4 P3 P2 P1 AUX7 AUX6 AUX5 AUX4 AUX3 AUX2 AUX1 AUX0 GSPG0308151420SG UM1977 6 Revision history Revision history Table 7: Document revision history Date Version Changes 02-Dec-2015 1 Initial release. 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All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. Information in this document supersedes and replaces information previously supplied in any prior versions of this document. © 2015 STMicroelectronics – All rights reserved 24/24 DocID028610 Rev 1