AN4199 Application note Two-layer demonstration board based on the STA333IS Introduction The board shown in Figure 1 is a two-layer demonstration board designed for the evaluation of the STA333IS two-channel, high-efficiency Sound Terminal® device. The purpose of this application note is to show: how to connect the STA333IS demonstration board the performance of the STA333IS device how to avoid critical board and layout issues All the results and characterization data included in this application note have been measured using Audio Precision equipment. Reference documents consist of the STA333IS datasheet, schematic diagrams and PCB layout. Figure 1. STA333IS 2 layer demo board July 2013 DocID023917 Rev 1 1/23 www.st.com Contents AN4199 Contents 1 2 Test conditions and connections of demonstration board . . . . . . . . . . 4 1.1 Power supply signal and interface connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 1.2 Output configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 1.3 Required equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 1.4 Board connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Schematic diagram and PCB layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 2.1 Schematic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 2.2 PCB layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 2.3 Bill of material . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 3 APWorkbench settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 4 Test results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 5 Thermal performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 6 Design guidelines for schematic and PCB layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 6.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 6.2 Decoupling capacitors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 6.3 Output filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 6.4 7 2/23 6.3.1 Snubber network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 6.3.2 Main filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 6.3.3 Damping network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 PCB layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 6.4.1 Snubber network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 6.4.2 Electrolytic capacitor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 6.4.3 Ground plane and heatsink . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 6.4.4 PCB symmetrical paths . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 6.4.5 VCC filter for high frequency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 DocID023917 Rev 1 AN4199 List of figures List of figures Figure 1. Figure 2. Figure 3. Figure 4. Figure 5. Figure 6. Figure 7. Figure 8. Figure 9. Figure 10. Figure 11. Figure 12. Figure 13. Figure 14. Figure 15. Figure 16. Figure 17. Figure 18. Figure 19. Figure 20. Figure 21. Figure 22. Figure 23. Figure 24. Figure 25. STA333IS 2 layer demo board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Demonstration board (two-layer) - connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Schematic diagram - part 1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Schematic diagram - part 2 (connectors) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 STA333IS demonstration board - two-layer PCB (top view). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 STA333IS demonstration board - two-layer PCB (bottom view). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 APWorkbench - device selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 APWorkbench - control panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 THD+N vs. power - VCC = 12 V, load = 8 W, 1 kHz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 THD+N vs. frequency - VCC = 12 V, load = 8 W, Pout = 1 W at 1 kHz. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Frequency response - VCC = 12 V, load = 8 W, Pout = 1 W at 1 kHz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Crosstalk - VCC = 12 V, load = 8 W, Pout = 1 W at 1 kHz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 FFT - VCC = 12 V, load = 8 W, Pout = 1 W at 1 kHz. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Output power vs. supply voltage - load = 8 W, 1 kHz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Efficiency - VCC =12 V, 1 kHz, load = 8 W (stereo) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Thermal performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Output filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Main filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Damping network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Snubber network. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Electrolytic capacitor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Ground plane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Output path . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Coils . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 VCC filter capacitors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 DocID023917 Rev 1 3/23 23 Test conditions and connections of demonstration board AN4199 1 Test conditions and connections of demonstration board 1.1 Power supply signal and interface connection 1.2 1. Connect the power supply to the +VCC and GND terminal blocks (J2) 2. Connect the STEVAL-CCA035V1 interface board to the J4 connector 3. Connect the S/PDIF signal cable to the RCA jack on the STEVAL-CCA035V1 board. The signal source should be the Audio Precision equipment or a DVD player. 4. Adjust the voltage level of the power supply. The voltage range of the DC power supply is 4.5 V to 18 V. 5. Connect the load to the connectors J1 and J3 Output configuration The STA333IS demonstration board can be only configured for 2.0 channels and BTL outputs. 1.3 Required equipment 4/23 Audio Precision (System 2700) – Audio Analyzer: Mod. SYS2722 -192K – Class-D filter: AUX-0025 filter – Multifunction module: DCX-127 DC power supply (4.5 V to 18 V) – Lambda Genesys Gen 80-19 – HP 6038A Digital oscilloscope: Tektronix TDS5054B Digital multimeter: AGILENT Mod. 34410A PC with APWorkbench control software installed DocID023917 Rev 1 AN4199 Test conditions and connections of demonstration board 1.4 Board connections Figure 2. Demonstration board (two-layer) - connectors APWLink Board Speaker Right Channel +Vcc Power Supply GND Speaker Left Channel DocID023917 Rev 1 5/23 23 Schematic diagram and PCB layout AN4199 2 Schematic diagram and PCB layout 2.1 Schematic Figure 3. Schematic diagram - part 1 6/23 DocID023917 Rev 1 AN4199 Schematic diagram and PCB layout Figure 4. Schematic diagram - part 2 (connectors) 2.2 PCB layout Figure 5. STA333IS demonstration board - two-layer PCB (top view) DocID023917 Rev 1 7/23 23 Schematic diagram and PCB layout AN4199 Figure 6. STA333IS demonstration board - two-layer PCB (bottom view) 8/23 DocID023917 Rev 1 AN4199 Schematic diagram and PCB layout 2.3 Bill of material Table 1. Bill of material N° 1 Type Footprint Description Connector Through-hole 2P pitch: 5 mm connector terminal Through-hole 16P (8x2 row) 2.5 mm header Q.ty Reference 3 J1, J2, J3 1 J4 Manufacturer 2 Header 3 CCAP CAP0603 50 Volt NPO 330 pF 10% 2 C12, C13 Murata 4 CCAP CAP0603 50 Volt 1 nF 10% 4 C1, C2, C3, C4 Murata 5 CCAP CAP0603 50 Volt 100 nF 10% 6 C20, C21, C22, C23, C24, C27 Murata 6 CCAP CAP0603 NS 8 C5, C6, C7, C8, C14, C15, C18, C19 Murata 7 CCAP CAP1206 50 Volt 220 nF 10% 6 C10, C11, C31, C32, C33, C34 Murata 8 CCAP CAP1206 50 Volt 1U 10% 2 C16, C17 Murata 9 ECAP CAP1206 10 µF / 16 V 1 C30 Samsung 10 ECAP 1 C9 Panasonic 11 RES R1206 NS 4 R1, R2, R5, R6 Murata 12 RES R1206 20 5% 1/8W 2 R3, R4 Murata 13 RES R0603 2R2 5% 1/16W 1 R7 Murata 14 RES R0603 NS 2 R8, R12 15 Plastic rod Hexagonal rod 15 mm length, male type 4 Four corners 16 Plastic rod Hexagonal rod 8 mm length, female type 4 Four corners 17 IC BGA30 STA333IS 1 IC1 STMicroelectronics 18 Coil SMD SWPA6045S4R7MT, 4.7 µH 4 L1, L2, L3, L4 Sunlord 19 PCB STA333IS CSP 2-layer 1V1 1 Through-hole 47 µF / 25 V, pitch = 5 mm,10 mm DocID023917 Rev 1 Fastprint 9/23 23 APWorkbench settings 3 AN4199 APWorkbench settings Figure 7. APWorkbench - device selection Device selection Sound Terminal Amplifiers Interface selection Figure 8. APWorkbench - control panel Gain Control Volume Control Bridge enable button 10/23 DocID023917 Rev 1 AN4199 4 Test results Test results Figure 9. THD+N vs. power - VCC = 12 V, load = 8 , 1 kHz Figure 10. THD+N vs. frequency - VCC = 12 V, load = 8 , Pout = 1 W at 1 kHz DocID023917 Rev 1 11/23 23 Test results AN4199 Figure 11. Frequency response - VCC = 12 V, load = 8 , Pout = 1 W at 1 kHz Figure 12. Crosstalk - VCC = 12 V, load = 8 , Pout = 1 W at 1 kHz 12/23 DocID023917 Rev 1 AN4199 Test results Figure 13. FFT - VCC = 12 V, load = 8 , Pout = 1 W at 1 kHz Figure 14. Output power vs. supply voltage - load = 8 , 1 kHz DocID023917 Rev 1 13/23 23 Test results AN4199 Figure 15. Efficiency - VCC =12 V, 1 kHz, load = 8 (stereo) 14/23 DocID023917 Rev 1 AN4199 5 Thermal performance Thermal performance Test conditions: VCC = 12 V 1 kHz sine wave Load = 2 x 8 Output power: 2 x 10 W Figure 16. Thermal performance IC temp Tamb = 25 °C Tamb = 40 °C 78°C 93°C DocID023917 Rev 1 15/23 23 Design guidelines for schematic and PCB layout AN4199 6 Design guidelines for schematic and PCB layout 6.1 General 6.2 Absolute maximum rating: 20 V Bypass capacitor 100 nF in parallel to 1 µF and 10 µF for each power VCC branch. Preferable dielectric is X7R. Vdd and ground for the digital section should be separated from the other power supply. Coil saturation current compatible with the peak current of the application Decoupling capacitors The decoupling capacitors can be shared for each VCC branch. The decoupling capacitors must be placed as close as possible to the IC pins. 6.3 Output filter Figure 17. Output filter SNUBBER 6.3.1 MAIN FILTER DAMPING NETWORK Snubber network The snubber circuit must be optimized for the specific application. Starting values are 330 pF in series to 22 . The power dissipation in this network can be defined by the following formula which considers the power supply, frequency and capacitor value: P = C · FreqPWM · (2 · Vout)2 This power is dissipated on the series resistance. 16/23 DocID023917 Rev 1 AN4199 6.3.2 Design guidelines for schematic and PCB layout Main filter The main filter is an L and C based Butterworth filter. The cut-off frequency must be chosen between the upper limit of the audio band (~20 kHz) and the carrier frequency (384 kHz). Figure 18. Main filter 1 C load = ---------------------------------------------------------------2 * Π * f cutoff * R load Lload INxA R load L load = ------------------------------------------------2 * Π * 2 * f cutoff C load 1 f cutoff = ----------------------------------------------------------------------2 * Π * 2 * C load * L load 6.3.3 R lo ad INxB Lload Damping network The C-R-C is a damping network. It is mainly intended for high inductive loads where the speaker load could be disconnected. Figure 19. Damping network Table 2. Recommended values for main filter and damping network Rload 16 12 8 6 4 Lload 47 µH 33 µH 22 µH 15 µH 10 µH Cload 220 nF 330 nF 470 nF 680 nF 1 µF C damp-S 100 nF 100 nF 100 nF 100 nF 220 nF C damp-P 100 nF 100 nF 100 nF 100 nF 220 nF R damp 10 8.2 6.2 4.7 2.7 Main filter Damping network DocID023917 Rev 1 17/23 23 Design guidelines for schematic and PCB layout 6.4 PCB layout 6.4.1 Snubber network Solder the snubber network as close as possible to the related IC pin. Figure 20. Snubber network Snubber network 6.4.2 Electrolytic capacitor Place the electrolytic capacitor first to separate the Vcc branches. Figure 21. Electrolytic capacitor Separate from the E-cap 18/23 DocID023917 Rev 1 AN4199 AN4199 6.4.3 Design guidelines for schematic and PCB layout Ground plane and heatsink In order to dissipate the heat, a large ground plane is used. It is mandatory to have a large ground plane on the top and bottom layers and solder the slug on the PCB. Figure 22. Ground plane Large ground plane on the top side Large ground plane on the bottom side DocID023917 Rev 1 19/23 23 Design guidelines for schematic and PCB layout 6.4.4 AN4199 PCB symmetrical paths For differential applications, creating symmetrical paths for the output stage is recommended. Figure 23. Output path Output path: the copper tracks should be placed to have symmetrical paths 20/23 DocID023917 Rev 1 AN4199 Design guidelines for schematic and PCB layout The coils must be separated to avoid crosstalk. Shielded parts must be used. Figure 24. Coils Main filter: The coils must be separated to avoid crosstalk 6.4.5 VCC filter for high frequency The VCC filter capacitors must be placed as close as possible to the supply pins as well as the ceramic capacitors. Figure 25. VCC filter capacitors The PWM frequency is 384 kHz. In order to compensate the inductive effect of the copper track, the ceramic capacitors must be placed as close as possible to the supply pins. The recommended distance between the capacitors and the supply pins is less than 5 mm. DocID023917 Rev 1 21/23 23 Revision history 7 AN4199 Revision history Table 3. Document revision history 22/23 Date Revision 01-Jul-2013 1 Changes Initial release. DocID023917 Rev 1 AN4199 Please Read Carefully: Information in this document is provided solely in connection with ST products. STMicroelectronics NV and its subsidiaries (“ST”) reserve the right to make changes, corrections, modifications or improvements, to this document, and the products and services described herein at any time, without notice. All ST products are sold pursuant to ST’s terms and conditions of sale. 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The ST logo is a registered trademark of STMicroelectronics. All other names are the property of their respective owners. © 2013 STMicroelectronics - All rights reserved STMicroelectronics group of companies Australia - Belgium - Brazil - Canada - China - Czech Republic - Finland - France - Germany - Hong Kong - India - Israel - Italy - Japan Malaysia - Malta - Morocco - Philippines - Singapore - Spain - Sweden - Switzerland - United Kingdom - United States of America www.st.com DocID023917 Rev 1 23/23 23