Product Folder Sample & Buy Support & Community Tools & Software Technical Documents LP2951-33-Q1, LP2951-50-Q1 SLVSAW6E – JUNE 2011 – REVISED NOVEMBER 2014 LP2951-xx-Q1 Adjustable Micropower Voltage Regulators With Shutdown 1 Features 3 Description • • • • • • • • The LP2951-xx-Q1 devices are bipolar, low-dropout voltage regulators that can accommodate a wide input supply-voltage range of up to 35 V. The 8-pin LP2951-xx-Q1 is able to output either a fixed or adjustable output from the same device. By tying the OUTPUT and SENSE pins together, and the FEEDBACK and VTAP pins together, the LP2951-xxQ1 outputs a fixed 5 V and 3.3 V (depending on the version). Alternatively, by leaving the SENSE and VTAP pins open and connecting FEEDBACK to an external resistor divider, the output can be set to any value between 1.235 V to 30 V. 1 • • • • Qualified for Automotive Applications Wide Input Range: Up to 35 V Rated Output Current of 100 mA Low Dropout: 380 mV (Typ) at 100 mA Low Quiescent Current: 75 μA (Typ) Tight Line Regulation: 0.03% (Typ) Tight Load Regulation: 0.04% (Typ) High VO Accuracy – 1.4% at 25°C – 2% Over Temperature Can Be Used as a Regulator or Reference Stable With Low ESR (>12 mΩ) Capacitors Current- and Thermal-Limiting Features 8-Pin Package – Fixed Voltages: 5 V/ADJ and 3.3 V/ADJ – Low-Voltage Error Signal on Falling Output – Shutdown Capability – Remote Sense Capability for Optimal Output Regulation and Accuracy The 8-pin LP2951-xx-Q1 also offers additional functionality that makes it particularly suitable for battery-powered applications. For example, a logiccompatible shutdown feature allows the regulator to be put in standby mode for power savings. In addition, there is a built-in supervisor reset function in which the ERROR output goes low when VOUT drops by 6% of its nominal value for whatever reasons – due to a drop in VIN, current limiting, or thermal shutdown. The LP295x-xx-Q1 devices are designed to minimize all error contributions to the output voltage. With a tight output tolerance (0.5% at 25°C), a very low output voltage temperature coefficient (20 ppm typical), extremely good line and load regulation (0.3% and 0.4% typical), and remote sensing capability, the parts can be used as either low-power voltage references or 100-mA regulators. 2 Applications • • • Automotive Power – Battery to MCU Regulator – Sensor Supply – Infotainment – Body Control Module Secondary Side Regulation Point of Load Regulation Device Information(1) PART NUMBER LP2951-33-Q1 LP2591-50-Q1 LP2951-50-Q1 PACKAGE BODY SIZE (NOM) SOIC (8) 4.90 mm × 3.90 mm WSON (8) 3.00 mm × 3.00 mm (1) For all available packages, see the orderable addendum at the end of the data sheet. Dropout Voltage vs Temperature 500 (V IN – V OUT ) – Dropout Voltage – mV 450 400 350 RIL = 100 m A 300 250 200 150 100 RIL = 100 µA 50 0 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 TA – Temperature – °C 1 An IMPORTANT NOTICE at the end of this data sheet addresses availability, warranty, changes, use in safety-critical applications, intellectual property matters and other important disclaimers. PRODUCTION DATA. LP2951-33-Q1, LP2951-50-Q1 SLVSAW6E – JUNE 2011 – REVISED NOVEMBER 2014 www.ti.com Table of Contents 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Features .................................................................. Applications ........................................................... Description ............................................................. Revision History..................................................... Pin Configuration and Functions ......................... Specifications......................................................... 1 1 1 2 3 3 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 3 3 4 4 4 6 Absolute Maximum Ratings ..................................... Handling Ratings....................................................... Recommended Operating Conditions....................... Thermal Information .................................................. Electrical Characteristics........................................... Typical Characteristics .............................................. Detailed Description ............................................ 12 7.1 Overview ................................................................. 12 7.2 LP2951-xx-Q1 Functional Block Diagram............... 13 7.3 Feature Description................................................. 14 7.4 Device Functional Modes........................................ 15 8 Application and Implementation ........................ 16 8.1 Application Information............................................ 16 8.2 Typical Application ................................................. 16 9 Power Supply Recommendations...................... 19 10 Layout................................................................... 19 10.1 Layout Guidelines ................................................. 19 10.2 Layout Example .................................................... 19 11 Device and Documentation Support ................. 19 11.1 11.2 11.3 11.4 Related Links ........................................................ Trademarks ........................................................... Electrostatic Discharge Caution ............................ Glossary ................................................................ 19 19 19 19 12 Mechanical, Packaging, and Orderable Information ........................................................... 20 4 Revision History NOTE: Page numbers for previous revisions may differ from page numbers in the current version. Changes from Revision D (April 2013) to Revision E • Page Added Handling Rating table, Feature Description section, Device Functional Modes, Application and Implementation section, Power Supply Recommendations section, Layout section, Device and Documentation Support section, and Mechanical, Packaging, and Orderable Information section................................................................ 1 Changes from Revision C (February 2013) to Revision D Page • Deleted unreleased devices ................................................................................................................................................... 1 • Added the THERMAL INFORMATION table .......................................................................................................................... 4 Changes from Revision B (December 2012) to Revision C Page • Deleted P/N LP2951-Q1 from page header ........................................................................................................................... 1 • Deleted ORDERING INFORMATION table............................................................................................................................ 3 Changes from Revision A (July 2012) to Revision B • Page Changed LP2951-33QDRGRQ1 From: Preview To: Active ................................................................................................... 3 Changes from Original (June, 2011) to Revision A • 2 Page Removed continuous from input voltage range parameter description; changed max values for VIN and VSHDN from 30 to 35................................................................................................................................................................................... 3 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2011–2014, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LP2951-33-Q1 LP2951-50-Q1 LP2951-33-Q1, LP2951-50-Q1 www.ti.com SLVSAW6E – JUNE 2011 – REVISED NOVEMBER 2014 5 Pin Configuration and Functions D Package 8-Pin SOIC LP2591-50-Q1 Top View OUTPUT SENSE SHUTDOWN GND DRG Package 8-Pin WSON With Exposed Thermal Pad Top View INPUT FEEDBACK 6 VTAP 5 ERROR 1 8 2 3 7 4 OUTPUT SENSE SHUTDOWN GND 1 2 8 7 Thermal 3 6 4 5 INPUT FEEDBACK VTAP ERROR Pin Functions PIN NAME TYPE NO. DESCRIPTION ERROR 5 O Active-low open-collector error output. Goes low when VOUT drops by 6% of its nominal value. FEEDBACK 7 I Determines the output voltage. Connect to VTAP (with OUTPUT tied to SENSE) to output the fixed voltage corresponding to the part version, or connect to a resistor divider to adjust the output voltage. GND 4 — INPUT 8 I Supply input OUTPUT 1 O Voltage output. SENSE 2 I Senses the output voltage. Connect to OUTPUT (with FEEDBACK tied to VTAP) to output the voltage corresponding to the part version. SHUTDOWN 3 I Active-high input. Shuts down the device. VTAP 6 O Tie to FEEDBACK to output the fixed voltage corresponding to the part version. Ground 6 Specifications 6.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings (1) over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted) VIN Input voltage range VSHDN SHUTDOWN input voltage range MIN MAX UNIT –0.3 35 V –1.5 35 V ERROR comparator output voltage range (2) –1.5 30 V VFDBK FEEDBACK input voltage range (2) –1.5 30 V TJ Operating virtual-junction temperature 150 °C (1) (2) (3) (3) Stresses beyond those listed under "absolute maximum ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under "recommended operating conditions" is not implied. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. May exceed input supply voltage If load is returned to a negative power supply, the output must be diode clamped to GND. 6.2 Handling Ratings Tstg MIN MAX UNIT –65 150 °C 0 2000 Corner pins (1, 4, 8, and 5) 0 1000 Other pins 0 1000 Storage temperature range Human body model (HBM), per AEC Q100-002 (1) (2) V(ESD) (1) (2) Electrostatic discharge Charged device model (CDM), per AEC Q100-011 V AEC Q100-002 indicates HBM stressing is done in accordance with the ANSI/ESDA/JEDEC JS-001 specification. LP2951-50QDRQ1 Feedback pin survives up to 1500V HBM Copyright © 2011–2014, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LP2951-33-Q1 LP2951-50-Q1 Submit Documentation Feedback 3 LP2951-33-Q1, LP2951-50-Q1 SLVSAW6E – JUNE 2011 – REVISED NOVEMBER 2014 www.ti.com 6.3 Recommended Operating Conditions MIN VIN Supply input voltage TA Operating temperature (1) NOM MAX UNIT (1) 30 V –40 125 °C See Minimum VIN is the greater of: (a) 2 V (25°C), 2.3 V (over temperature), or (b) VOUT(MAX) + Dropout (Max) at rated IL 6.4 Thermal Information THERMAL METRIC LP2951-30-Q1, LP2951-50-Q1 LP2951-50-Q1 DRG D UNIT 8 PINS 8 PINS RθJA Junction-to-ambient thermal resistance 55.7 121.6 RθJC(top) Junction-to-case (top) thermal resistance 66.5 69.8 RθJB Junction-to-board thermal resistance 30.2 61.9 ψJT Junction-to-top characterization parameter 1.1 22.2 ψJB Junction-to-board characterization parameter 30.4 61.4 RθJC(bot) Junction-to-case (bottom) thermal resistance 10 n/a °C/W 6.5 Electrical Characteristics VIN = VOUT (nominal) + 1 V, IL = 100 μA, CL = 1 μF (5-V versions) or CL = 2.2 μF (3.3-V versions), 8-pin version: FEEDBACK tied to VTAP, OUTPUT tied to SENSE, VSHUTDOWN ≤ 0.7 V PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS TA MIN TYP MAX UNIT 3.3-V VERSION (LP2951-33-Q1) VOUT Output voltage IL = 100 μA 25°C 3.267 3.3 3.333 –40°C to 125°C 3.234 3.3 3.366 25°C 4.950 5 5.050 –40°C to 125°C 4.900 5 5.100 20 100 0.03 0.2 V 5-V VERSION (LP2951-50-Q1) VOUT Output voltage IL = 100 μA V ALL VOLTAGE OPTIONS Output voltage temperature coefficient (1) IL = 100 μA Line regulation (2) VIN = [VOUT(NOM) + 1 V] to 30 V Load regulation (2) IL = 100 μA to 100 mA IL = 100 μA VIN – VOUT Dropout voltage (3) IL = 100 mA IL = 100 μA IGND GND current IL = 100 mA (1) (2) (3) 4 Dropout ground current VIN = VOUT(NOM) – 0.5 V, IL = 100 μA Current limit VOUT = 0 V –40°C to 125°C 25°C –40°C to 125°C 25°C 0.4 0.04% –40°C to 125°C 25°C 380 8 25°C 120 12 14 110 –40°C to 125°C –40°C to 125°C 450 140 –40°C to 125°C 25°C 80 mV 600 75 –40°C to 125°C 25°C 0.2% 150 –40°C to 125°C 25°C %/V 0.3% 50 –40°C to 125°C 25°C ppm/°C 170 200 160 200 220 μA mA μA mA Output or reference voltage temperature coefficient is defined as the worst-case voltage change divided by the total temperature range. Regulation is measured at constant junction temperature, using pulse testing with a low duty cycle. Changes in output voltage due to heating effects are covered under the specification for thermal regulation. Dropout voltage is defined as the input-to-output differential at which the output voltage drops 100 mV, below the value measured at 1-V differential. The minimum input supply voltage of 2 V (2.3 V over temperature) must be observed. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2011–2014, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LP2951-33-Q1 LP2951-50-Q1 LP2951-33-Q1, LP2951-50-Q1 www.ti.com SLVSAW6E – JUNE 2011 – REVISED NOVEMBER 2014 Electrical Characteristics (continued) VIN = VOUT (nominal) + 1 V, IL = 100 μA, CL = 1 μF (5-V versions) or CL = 2.2 μF (3.3-V versions), 8-pin version: FEEDBACK tied to VTAP, OUTPUT tied to SENSE, VSHUTDOWN ≤ 0.7 V PARAMETER Thermal regulation (4) TEST CONDITIONS IL = 100 μA TA MIN 25°C CL = 1 μF (5 V only) Output noise (RMS), 10 Hz to 100 kHz Reference voltage (5) CL = 200 μF Reference voltage temperature coefficient (1) MAX UNIT 0.05 0.2 %/W 430 160 25°C LP2951-50-Q1: CL = 3.3 μF, CBypass = 0.01 μF between pins 1 and 7 VOUT = VREF to (VIN – 1 V), VIN = 2.3 V to 30 V, IL = 100 μA to 100 mA TYP μV 100 –40°C to 125°C 1.200 1.272 25°C 20 25°C 0.01 V ppm/°C ERROR COMPARATOR Output leakage current VOUT = 30 V Output low voltage VIN = VOUT(NOM) – 0.5 V, IOL = 400 μA –40°C to 125°C 2 25°C 150 –40°C to 125°C 250 400 Upper threshold voltage (ERROR output high) (6) 25°C 40 –40°C to 125°C 25 Lower threshold voltage (ERROR output low) (6) –40°C to 125°C 25°C Hysteresis (6) 1 60 75 mV mV 95 140 25°C μA 15 mV mV SHUTDOWN INPUT Input logic voltage Low (regulator ON) High (regulator OFF) VTAP = 2.4 V SHUTDOWN input current VTAP = 30 V Regulator output current in shutdown (4) (5) (6) VSHUTDOWN ≥ 2 V, VIN ≤ 30 V, VOUT = 0, FEEDBACK tied to VTAP –40°C to 125°C 25°C 0.7 2 30 –40°C to 125°C 25°C –40°C to 125°C 25°C –40°C to 125°C 50 100 450 V 600 μA 750 3 10 20 μA Thermal regulation is defined as the change in output voltage at a time (T) after a change in power dissipation is applied, excluding load or line regulation effects. Specifications are for a 50-mA load pulse at VIN = 30 V, VOUT = 5 V (1.25-W pulse) for t = 10 ms. For LP2951-50QDR in SOIC package, VREF is tested at VIN = 6 V and IOUT=100 µA Comparator thresholds are expressed in terms of a voltage differential equal to the nominal reference voltage (measured at VIN – VOUT = 1 V) minus FEEDBACK terminal voltage. To express these thresholds in terms of output voltage change, multiply by the error amplifier gain = VOUT/VREF = (R1 + R2)/R2. For example, at a programmed output voltage of 5 V, the ERROR output is specified to go low when the output drops by 95 mV × 5 V/1.235 V = 384 mV. Thresholds remain constant as a percentage of VOUT (as VOUT is varied), with the low-output warning occurring at 6% below nominal (typical) and 7.7% (maximum). Copyright © 2011–2014, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LP2951-33-Q1 LP2951-50-Q1 Submit Documentation Feedback 5 LP2951-33-Q1, LP2951-50-Q1 SLVSAW6E – JUNE 2011 – REVISED NOVEMBER 2014 www.ti.com 6.6 Typical Characteristics 100 10 RL = ∞ 90 1 70 Input Current – µA Quiescent Current – mA 80 0.1 60 50 40 30 20 10 0.01 0.0001 0 0.001 0.01 0.1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 IL – Load Current – A VIN – Input Voltage – V Figure 1. Quiescent Current vs Load Current Figure 2. Input Current vs Input Voltage 200 120 RL = 50 kΩ RL = 50 Ω 110 180 100 160 Input Current – mA Input Current – µA 90 140 120 100 80 60 80 70 60 50 40 30 40 20 20 10 0 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 VIN – Input Voltage – V VIN – Input Voltage – V Figure 3. Input Current vs Input Voltage Figure 4. Input Current vs Input Voltage 5.100 120 110 IL = 0 5.075 5.050 5.025 Quiescent Current – µA VOUT – Output Voltage – V 100 IL = 100 µA 5.000 IL = 100 m A 4.975 4.950 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 4.925 10 4.900 -40 -25 -10 5 6 0 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 TA – Temperature – °C VIN – Input Voltage – V Figure 5. Output Voltage vs Temperature Figure 6. Quiescent Current vs Input Voltage Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2011–2014, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LP2951-33-Q1 LP2951-50-Q1 LP2951-33-Q1, LP2951-50-Q1 www.ti.com SLVSAW6E – JUNE 2011 – REVISED NOVEMBER 2014 Typical Characteristics (continued) 8 IL = 100 mA 120 7 IL = 1 mA 110 Quiescent Current – mA Quiescent Current – µA 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 6 5 4 3 2 20 10 1 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 0 0 VIN – Input Voltage – V 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 VIN – Input Voltage – V Figure 7. Quiescent Current vs Input Voltage Figure 8. Quiescent Current vs Input Voltage 100 10 9.5 IL = 100 m A V IN = 6 V 95 90 Quiescent Current – µA Quiescent Current – mA 9 8.5 8 7.5 7 6.5 85 80 75 70 65 6 60 5.5 55 5 -40 -25 -10 IL = 100 µA V IN = 6 V 5 20 35 50 65 80 50 -40 -25 -10 95 110 125 5 Figure 9. Quiescent Current vs Temperature 65 80 95 110 125 500 450 (V IN – V OUT ) – Dropout Voltage – mV 225 Short-Circuit Current – mA 35 50 Figure 10. Quiescent Current vs Temperature 250 200 175 150 125 100 75 50 -40 -25 -10 20 TA – Temperature – °C TA – Temperature – °C 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 400 350 RIL = 100 m A 300 250 200 150 100 RIL = 100 µA 50 0 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 TA – Temperature – °C TA – Temperature – °C Figure 11. Short-Circuit Current vs Temperature Figure 12. Dropout Voltage vs Temperature Copyright © 2011–2014, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LP2951-33-Q1 LP2951-50-Q1 Submit Documentation Feedback 7 LP2951-33-Q1, LP2951-50-Q1 SLVSAW6E – JUNE 2011 – REVISED NOVEMBER 2014 www.ti.com 400 2 350 1.95 Minimum Operating Voltage – V (V IN – V OUT ) – Dropout Voltage – mV Typical Characteristics (continued) 300 250 200 150 100 1.9 1.85 1.8 1.75 1.7 1.65 50 0 0.0001 0.001 0.01 1.6 -40 -25 -10 0.1 Figure 13. Dropout Voltage vs Output Current 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 Figure 14. Minimum Operating Voltage vs Temperature 30 8 25 7 50-kW resistor to external 5-V supply 20 6 ERROR Output – V FEEDBACK Bias Current – nA 5 TA – Temperature – °C IO – Output Current – A 15 10 5 0 -5 5 4 3 50-kW resistor to VOUT 2 -10 1 -15 -20 -55 0 -30 -5 20 45 70 95 0 120 145 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 V IN – Input Voltage – V TA – Temperature – °C Figure 15. Feedback Bias Current vs Temperature Figure 16. ERROR Comparator Output vs Input Voltage 2 ISINK – Sink Current – mA 1.75 TA = 125 Input Voltage 2 V/div 1.5 1.25 TA = 25 1 0.75 TA = –40 0.5 Output Voltage 80 mV/div 0.25 0 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 VOL – Output Low Voltage – V Figure 17. ERROR Comparator Sink Current vs Output Low Voltage 8 Submit Documentation Feedback Figure 18. Line Transient Response vs Time Copyright © 2011–2014, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LP2951-33-Q1 LP2951-50-Q1 LP2951-33-Q1, LP2951-50-Q1 www.ti.com SLVSAW6E – JUNE 2011 – REVISED NOVEMBER 2014 Typical Characteristics (continued) Output Voltage 100 mV/div Output Voltage 100 mV/div Output Load 100 mA/div Output Load 100 mA/div Figure 19. Load Transient Response vs Time (VOUT = 5 V, CL = 1 μF) Figure 20. Load Transient Response vs Time (VOUT = 5 V, CL = 10 μF) Figure 21. Enable Transient Response vs Time (CL = 1 μF, IL = 1 mA) Figure 22. Enable Transient Response vs Time (CL = 10 μF, IL = 1 mA) 100 90 Power-Supply Ripple Rejection – dB Ω Output Impedance – Ohm IL = 100 µA 10 1 IL = 1 m A 0.1 IL = 100 m A 0.01 10 1.E+01 100 1.E+02 1k 1.E+03 10k 1.E+04 100k 1.E+05 1M 1.E+06 80 IL = 0 70 60 50 IL = 100 µA 40 30 V IN = 6 V CL = 1 µF 20 10 100 1.E+01 1.E+02 1k 1.E+03 10k 1.E+04 100k 1.E+05 1M 1.E+06 f – Frequency – Hz f – Frequency – Hz Figure 23. Output Impedance vs Frequency Figure 24. Ripple Rejection vs Frequency Copyright © 2011–2014, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LP2951-33-Q1 LP2951-50-Q1 Submit Documentation Feedback 9 LP2951-33-Q1, LP2951-50-Q1 SLVSAW6E – JUNE 2011 – REVISED NOVEMBER 2014 www.ti.com Typical Characteristics (continued) 100 100 VIN = 6 V 90 Power-Supply Ripple Rejection – dB Power-Supply Ripple Rejection – dB VIN = 6 V CL = 1 µF 90 80 70 60 50 IL = 1 mA 40 30 80 60 50 40 IL = 100 mA 30 20 IL = 10 mA 1.E+02 100 1.E+03 1k 1.E+04 10k 1.E+05 100k IL = 50 mA 70 20 10 1.E+01 10 CL = 1 µF 10 10 1.E+01 1.E+06 1M 100 1.E+02 1k 1.E+03 100k 1.E+05 1M 1.E+06 Figure 26. Ripple Rejection vs Frequency 6 400 RP2P4 – Pin 2 to Pin 4 Resistance – k W Figure 25. Ripple Rejection vs Frequency 5 Output Noise – µV 10k 1.E+04 f – Frequency – Hz f – Frequency – Hz 4 CL = 200 µF 3 CL = 1 µF 2 1 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 CL = 3.3 µF 0 1.E+01 10 1.E+02 100 1.E+03 1k 1.E+04 10k 0 -40 -25 -10 1.E+05 100k 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 TA – Temperature – °C f – Frequency – Hz Figure 27. Output Noise vs Frequency Figure 28. Divider Resistance vs Temperature 1.7 1.7 1.6 V – ) 1.5 N O o t 1.4 F F O ( 1.3 e g ta l 1.2 o V ic 1.1 g o L t 1 u p n I 0.9 Input Logic Voltage (ON to OFF) – V 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 1 0.9 0.8 -40 -25 -10 0.8 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 TA – Temperature – °C TA – Temperature – °C Figure 29. Shutdown Threshold Voltage (OFF to ON) vs Temperature 10 Submit Documentation Feedback Figure 30. Shutdown Threshold Voltage (ON to OFF) vs Temperature Copyright © 2011–2014, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LP2951-33-Q1 LP2951-50-Q1 LP2951-33-Q1, LP2951-50-Q1 www.ti.com SLVSAW6E – JUNE 2011 – REVISED NOVEMBER 2014 Typical Characteristics (continued) 6 Output Voltage Change – mV 5 4 3 2 1 0 -1 -2 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 VIN – Input Voltage – V Figure 31. Line Regulation vs Input Voltage Copyright © 2011–2014, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LP2951-33-Q1 LP2951-50-Q1 Submit Documentation Feedback 11 LP2951-33-Q1, LP2951-50-Q1 SLVSAW6E – JUNE 2011 – REVISED NOVEMBER 2014 www.ti.com 7 Detailed Description 7.1 Overview The LP2951-xx-Q1 devices are bipolar, low-dropout voltage regulators that can accommodate a wide input supply-voltage range of up to 30 V. The 8-pin LP2951-xx-Q1 devices are able to output either a fixed or adjustable output from the same device. By tying the OUTPUT and SENSE pins together, and the FEEDBACK and VTAP pins together, the LP2951-xx-Q1 devices output a fixed 5 V, 3.3 V, or 3 V (depending on the version). Alternatively, by leaving the SENSE and VTAP pins open and connecting FEEDBACK to an external resistor divider, the output can be set to any value between 1.235 V to 30 V. The 8-pin LP2951-xx-Q1 devices also offer additional functionality that makes them particularly suitable for battery-powered applications. For example, a logic-compatible shutdown feature allows the regulator to be put in standby mode for power savings. In addition, there is a built-in supervisor reset function in which the ERROR output goes low when VOUT drops by 6% of its nominal value for whatever reasons – due to a drop in VIN, current limiting, or thermal shutdown. LP2951-xx-Q1 devices are designed to minimize all error contributions to the output voltage. With a tight output tolerance (0.5% at 25°C), a very low output voltage temperature coefficient (20 ppm typical), extremely good line and load regulation (0.3% and 0.4% typical), and remote sensing capability, the parts can be used as either lowpower voltage references or 100-mA regulators. 12 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2011–2014, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LP2951-33-Q1 LP2951-50-Q1 LP2951-33-Q1, LP2951-50-Q1 www.ti.com SLVSAW6E – JUNE 2011 – REVISED NOVEMBER 2014 7.2 LP2951-xx-Q1 Functional Block Diagram FEEDBACK INPUT OUTPUT SENSE + Error Amplifier SHUTDOWN VTAP + ERROR 60 mV 1.235-V Reference GND Copyright © 2011–2014, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LP2951-33-Q1 LP2951-50-Q1 Submit Documentation Feedback 13 LP2951-33-Q1, LP2951-50-Q1 SLVSAW6E – JUNE 2011 – REVISED NOVEMBER 2014 www.ti.com 7.3 Feature Description 7.3.1 ERROR Function The LP2951-xx-Q1 devices have a low-voltage detection comparator that outputs a logic low when the output voltage drops by ≈6% from its nominal value, and outputs a logic high when VOUT has reached ≈95% of its nominal value. This 95% of nominal figure is obtained by dividing the built-in offset of ≈60 mV by the 1.235-V bandgap reference, and remains independent of the programmed output voltage. For example, the trip-point threshold (ERROR output goes high) typically is 4.75 V for a 5-V output and 11.4 V for a 12-V output. Typically, there is a hysteresis of 15 mV between the thresholds for high and low ERROR output. A timing diagram is shown in Figure 32 for ERROR vs VOUT (5 V), as VIN is ramped up and down. ERROR becomes valid (low) when VIN ≈ 1.3 V. When VIN ≈ 5 V, VOUT = 4.75 V, causing ERROR to go high. Because the dropout voltage is load dependent, the output trip-point threshold is reached at different values of VIN, depending on the load current. For instance, at higher load current, ERROR goes high at a slightly higher value of VIN, and vice versa for lower load current. The output-voltage trip point remains at ~4.75 V, regardless of the load. Note that when VIN ≤ 1.3 V, the ERROR comparator output is turned off and pulled high to its pullup voltage. If VOUT is used as the pullup voltage, rather than an external 5-V source, ERROR typically is ~1.2 V. In this condition, an equal resistor divider (10 kΩ is suitable) can be tied to ERROR to divide down the voltage to a valid logic low during any fault condition, while still enabling a logic high during normal operation. Output Voltage 4.75 V ERROR 5V Input Voltage 1.3 V Figure 32. ERROR Output Timing Because the ERROR comparator has an open-collector output, an external pullup resistor is required to pull the output up to VOUT or another supply voltage (up to 30 V). The output of the comparator is rated to sink up to 400 μA. A suitable range of values for the pullup resistor is from 100 kΩ to 1 MΩ. If ERROR is not used, it can be left open. 14 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2011–2014, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LP2951-33-Q1 LP2951-50-Q1 LP2951-33-Q1, LP2951-50-Q1 www.ti.com SLVSAW6E – JUNE 2011 – REVISED NOVEMBER 2014 Feature Description (continued) 7.3.2 Programming Output Voltage A unique feature of the LP2951-xx-Q1 devices are their ability to output either a fixed voltage or an adjustable voltage, depending on the external pin connections. To output the internally programmed fixed voltage, tie the SENSE pin to the OUTPUT pin and the FEEDBACK pin to the VTAP pin. Alternatively, a user-programmable voltage ranging from the internal 1.235-V reference to a 30-V max can be set by using an external resistor divider pair. The resistor divider is tied to VOUT, and the divided-down voltage is tied directly to FEEDBACK for comparison against the internal 1.235-V reference. To satisfy the steady-state condition in which its two inputs are equal, the error amplifier drives the output to equal Equation 1: R1 ö æ VOUT = VREF ´ ç 1 + ÷ - IFBR1 è R2 ø (1) Where: VREF = 1.235 V applied across R2 (see Figure 33) IFB = FEEDBACK bias current, typically 20 nA A minimum regulator output current of 1 μA must be maintained. Thus, in an application where a no-load condition is expected (for example, CMOS circuits in standby), this 1-μA minimum current must be provided by the resistor pair, effectively imposing a maximum value of R2 = 1.2 MΩ (1.235 V/1.2 MΩ ≉ 1 μA). IFB = 20 nA introduces an error of ≉0.02% in VOUT. This can be offset by trimming R1. Alternatively, increasing the divider current makes IFB less significant, thus, reducing its error contribution. For instance, using R2 = 100 kΩ reduces the error contribution of IFB to 0.17% by increasing the divider current to ≉12 μA. This increase in the divider current still is small compared to the 600-μA typical quiescent current of the LP2951-xxQ1 devices under no load. VOUT R1 FEEDBACK R2 Figure 33. Adjusting the Feedback on the LP2951-xx-Q1 7.4 Device Functional Modes 7.4.1 Shutdown Mode These devices can be placed in shutdown mode with a logic high at the SHUTDOWN pin. Return the logic level low to restore operation or tie SHUTDOWN to ground if the feature is not being used. Copyright © 2011–2014, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LP2951-33-Q1 LP2951-50-Q1 Submit Documentation Feedback 15 LP2951-33-Q1, LP2951-50-Q1 SLVSAW6E – JUNE 2011 – REVISED NOVEMBER 2014 www.ti.com 8 Application and Implementation NOTE Information in the following applications sections is not part of the TI component specification, and TI does not warrant its accuracy or completeness. TI’s customers are responsible for determining suitability of components for their purposes. Customers should validate and test their design implementation to confirm system functionality. 8.1 Application Information The LP2951-xx-Q1 devices are used as low-dropout regulators with a wide range of input voltages. 8.2 Typical Application 330 kΩ VOUT = 5 V 1 PF VOUT SENSE 8 2 7 FEEDBACK LP2951-50 VIN = 12 V VIN 1 1 PF SHUTDOWN 3 6 VTAP GND 4 5 ERROR Figure 34. 12-V to 5-V Converter 8.2.1 Design Requirements 8.2.1.1 Input Capacitor (CIN) A 1-μF (tantalum, ceramic, or aluminum) electrolytic capacitor should be placed locally at the input of the LP2951-xx-Q1 device if there is, or will be, significant impedance between the ac filter capacitor and the input; for example, if a battery is used as the input or if the ac filter capacitor is located more than 10 in away. There are no ESR requirements for this capacitor, and the capacitance can be increased without limit. 8.2.1.2 Output Capacitor (COUT) As with most PNP LDOs, stability conditions require the output capacitor to have a minimum capacitance and an ESR that falls within a certain range. 16 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2011–2014, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LP2951-33-Q1 LP2951-50-Q1 LP2951-33-Q1, LP2951-50-Q1 www.ti.com SLVSAW6E – JUNE 2011 – REVISED NOVEMBER 2014 Typical Application (continued) 8.2.2 Detailed Design Procedure 8.2.2.1 Capacitance Value For VOUT ≥ 5 V, a minimum of 1 μF is required. For lower VOUT, the regulator’s loop gain is running closer to unity gain and, thus, has lower phase margins. Consequently, a larger capacitance is needed for stability. For VOUT = 3 V or 3.3 V, a minimum of 2.2 μF is recommended. For worst case, VOUT = 1.23 V (using the ADJ version), a minimum of 3.3 μF is recommended. COUT can be increased without limit and only improves the regulator stability and transient response. Regardless of its value, the output capacitor should have a resonant frequency greater than 500 kHz. The minimum capacitance values given above are for maximum load current of 100 mA. If the maximum expected load current is less than 100 mA, then lower values of COUT can be used. For instance, if IOUT < 10 mA, then only 0.33 μF is required for COUT. For IOUT < 1 mA, 0.1 μF is sufficient for stability requirements. Thus, for a worst-case condition of 100-mA load and VOUT = VREF = 1.235 V (representing the highest load current and lowest loop gain), a minimum COUT of 3.3 μF is recommended. For the LP2951-xx-Q1 devices, no load stability is inherent in the design — a desirable feature in CMOS circuits that are put in standby (such as RAM keep-alive applications). If the LP2951-xx-Q1 is used with external resistors to set the output voltage, a minimum load current of 1 μA is recommended through the resistor divider. 8.2.2.2 Capacitor Types Most tantalum or aluminum electrolytics are suitable for use at the input. Film-type capacitors also work but at higher cost. When operating at low temperature, care should be taken with aluminum electrolytics, as their electrolytes often freeze at –30°C. For this reason, solid tantalum capacitors should be used at temperatures below –25°C. Ceramic capacitors can be used, but due to their low ESR (as low as 5 mΩ to 10 mΩ), they may not meet the minimum ESR requirement previously discussed. If a ceramic capacitor is used, a series resistor between 0.1 Ω to 2 Ω must be added to meet the minimum ESR requirement. In addition, ceramic capacitors have one glaring disadvantage that must be taken into account — a poor temperature coefficient, where the capacitance can vary significantly with temperature. For instance, a large-value ceramic capacitor (≥ 2.2 μF) can lose more than half of its capacitance as temperature rises from 25°C to 85°C. Thus, a 2.2-μF capacitor at 25°C drops well below the minimum COUT required for stability as ambient temperature rises. For this reason, select an output capacitor that maintains the minimum 2.2 μF required for stability for the entire operating temperature range. 8.2.2.3 CBYPASS: Noise and Stability Improvement In the LP2951-xx-Q1 devices, an external FEEDBACK pin directly connected to the error amplifier noninverting input can allow stray capacitance to cause instability by shunting the error amplifier feedback to GND, especially at high frequencies. This is worsened if high-value external resistors are used to set the output voltage, because a high resistance allows the stray capacitance to play a more significant role; i.e., a larger RC time delay is introduced between the output of the error amplifier and its FEEDBACK input, leading to more phase shift and lower phase margin. A solution is to add a 100-pF bypass capacitor (CBYPASS) between OUTPUT and FEEDBACK; because CBYPASS is in parallel with R1, it lowers the impedance seen at FEEDBACK at high frequencies, in effect offsetting the effect of the parasitic capacitance by providing more feedback at higher frequencies. More feedback forces the error amplifier to work at a lower loop gain, so COUT should be increased to a minimum of 3.3 μF to improve the regulator’s phase margin. CBYPASS can be also used to reduce output noise in the LP2951-xx-Q1 devices. This bypass capacitor reduces the closed loop gain of the error amplifier at the high frequency, so noise no longer scales with the output voltage. This improvement is more noticeable with higher output voltages, where loop gain reduction is greatest. A suitable CBYPASS is calculated as shown in Equation 2: f(CBYPASS) ; 200 Hz ® C(BYPASS) = 1 2p ´ R1´ 200 Hz Copyright © 2011–2014, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LP2951-33-Q1 LP2951-50-Q1 (2) Submit Documentation Feedback 17 LP2951-33-Q1, LP2951-50-Q1 SLVSAW6E – JUNE 2011 – REVISED NOVEMBER 2014 www.ti.com Typical Application (continued) 8.2.2.4 ESR Range The regulator control loop relies on the ESR of the output capacitor to provide a zero to add sufficient phase margin to ensure unconditional regulator stability; this requires the closed-loop gain to intersect the open-loop response in a region where the open-loop gain rolls off at 20 dB/decade. This ensures that the phase is always less than 180° (phase margin greater than 0°) at unity gain. Thus, a minimum-maximum range for the ESR must be observed. The upper limit of this ESR range is established by the fact that an ESR that is too high could result in the zero occurring too soon, causing the gain to roll off too slowly. This, in turn, allows a third pole to appear before unity gain and introduces enough phase shift to cause instability. This typically limits the maximum ESR to approximately 5 Ω. Conversely, the lower limit of the ESR range is tied to the fact that an ESR that is too low shifts the zero too far out, past unity gain, which allows the gain to roll off at 40 dB/decade at unity gain, resulting in a phase shift of greater than 180°. Typically, this limits the minimum ESR to approximately 20 mΩ to 30 mΩ. For specific ESR requirements, see Typical Characteristics. 8.2.3 Application Curve Output Voltage 100 mV/div Output Load 100 mA/div Figure 35. Load Transient Response vs Time (VOUT = 5 V, CL = 1 µF) 18 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2011–2014, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LP2951-33-Q1 LP2951-50-Q1 LP2951-33-Q1, LP2951-50-Q1 www.ti.com SLVSAW6E – JUNE 2011 – REVISED NOVEMBER 2014 9 Power Supply Recommendations Maximum input voltage should be limited to 30 V for proper operation. Place input and output capacitors as close to the device as possible to take advantage of their high frequency noise filtering properties. 10 Layout 10.1 Layout Guidelines Make sure that traces on the input and outputs of the device are wide enough to handle the desired currents. For this device, the output trace will need to be larger in order to accommodate the larger available current. Place input and output capacitors as close to the device as possible to take advantage of their high frequency noise filtering properties. 10.2 Layout Example 1 PF 1 8 2 7 1 PF LP2951-50 3 6 4 5 ERROR can be left floating if not used Figure 36. LP2951-xx-Q1 Layout Example (D Package) 11 Device and Documentation Support 11.1 Related Links The table below lists quick access links. Categories include technical documents, support and community resources, tools and software, and quick access to sample or buy. Table 1. Related Links PARTS PRODUCT FOLDER SAMPLE & BUY TECHNICAL DOCUMENTS TOOLS & SOFTWARE SUPPORT & COMMUNITY LP2951-33-Q1 Click here Click here Click here Click here Click here LP2951-50-Q1 Click here Click here Click here Click here Click here 11.2 Trademarks All trademarks are the property of their respective owners. 11.3 Electrostatic Discharge Caution These devices have limited built-in ESD protection. The leads should be shorted together or the device placed in conductive foam during storage or handling to prevent electrostatic damage to the MOS gates. 11.4 Glossary SLYZ022 — TI Glossary. This glossary lists and explains terms, acronyms, and definitions. Copyright © 2011–2014, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LP2951-33-Q1 LP2951-50-Q1 Submit Documentation Feedback 19 LP2951-33-Q1, LP2951-50-Q1 SLVSAW6E – JUNE 2011 – REVISED NOVEMBER 2014 www.ti.com 12 Mechanical, Packaging, and Orderable Information The following pages include mechanical, packaging, and orderable information. This information is the most current data available for the designated devices. This data is subject to change without notice and revision of this document. For browser-based versions of this data sheet, refer to the left-hand navigation. 20 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2011–2014, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LP2951-33-Q1 LP2951-50-Q1 PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM www.ti.com 3-Dec-2014 PACKAGING INFORMATION Orderable Device Status (1) Package Type Package Pins Package Drawing Qty Eco Plan Lead/Ball Finish MSL Peak Temp (2) (6) (3) Op Temp (°C) Device Marking (4/5) LP2951-33QDRGRQ1 ACTIVE SON DRG 8 3000 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR -40 to 125 RACQ LP2951-50QDRGRQ1 ACTIVE SON DRG 8 3000 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR -40 to 125 ZUFQ LP2951-50QDRQ1 ACTIVE SOIC D 8 2500 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-3-260C-168 HR -40 to 125 KY515Q (1) The marketing status values are defined as follows: ACTIVE: Product device recommended for new designs. LIFEBUY: TI has announced that the device will be discontinued, and a lifetime-buy period is in effect. NRND: Not recommended for new designs. Device is in production to support existing customers, but TI does not recommend using this part in a new design. PREVIEW: Device has been announced but is not in production. Samples may or may not be available. OBSOLETE: TI has discontinued the production of the device. (2) Eco Plan - The planned eco-friendly classification: Pb-Free (RoHS), Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt), or Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) - please check http://www.ti.com/productcontent for the latest availability information and additional product content details. TBD: The Pb-Free/Green conversion plan has not been defined. Pb-Free (RoHS): TI's terms "Lead-Free" or "Pb-Free" mean semiconductor products that are compatible with the current RoHS requirements for all 6 substances, including the requirement that lead not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous materials. Where designed to be soldered at high temperatures, TI Pb-Free products are suitable for use in specified lead-free processes. Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt): This component has a RoHS exemption for either 1) lead-based flip-chip solder bumps used between the die and package, or 2) lead-based die adhesive used between the die and leadframe. The component is otherwise considered Pb-Free (RoHS compatible) as defined above. Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br): TI defines "Green" to mean Pb-Free (RoHS compatible), and free of Bromine (Br) and Antimony (Sb) based flame retardants (Br or Sb do not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous material) (3) MSL, Peak Temp. - The Moisture Sensitivity Level rating according to the JEDEC industry standard classifications, and peak solder temperature. (4) There may be additional marking, which relates to the logo, the lot trace code information, or the environmental category on the device. (5) Multiple Device Markings will be inside parentheses. Only one Device Marking contained in parentheses and separated by a "~" will appear on a device. If a line is indented then it is a continuation of the previous line and the two combined represent the entire Device Marking for that device. (6) Lead/Ball Finish - Orderable Devices may have multiple material finish options. Finish options are separated by a vertical ruled line. Lead/Ball Finish values may wrap to two lines if the finish value exceeds the maximum column width. Important Information and Disclaimer:The information provided on this page represents TI's knowledge and belief as of the date that it is provided. TI bases its knowledge and belief on information provided by third parties, and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of such information. Efforts are underway to better integrate information from third parties. TI has taken and Addendum-Page 1 Samples PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM www.ti.com 3-Dec-2014 continues to take reasonable steps to provide representative and accurate information but may not have conducted destructive testing or chemical analysis on incoming materials and chemicals. TI and TI suppliers consider certain information to be proprietary, and thus CAS numbers and other limited information may not be available for release. In no event shall TI's liability arising out of such information exceed the total purchase price of the TI part(s) at issue in this document sold by TI to Customer on an annual basis. OTHER QUALIFIED VERSIONS OF LP2951-33-Q1, LP2951-50-Q1 : • Catalog: LP2951-33, LP2951-50 NOTE: Qualified Version Definitions: • Catalog - TI's standard catalog product Addendum-Page 2 PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION www.ti.com 5-Nov-2014 TAPE AND REEL INFORMATION *All dimensions are nominal Device Package Package Pins Type Drawing SPQ Reel Reel A0 Diameter Width (mm) (mm) W1 (mm) B0 (mm) K0 (mm) P1 (mm) W Pin1 (mm) Quadrant LP2951-33QDRGRQ1 SON DRG 8 3000 330.0 12.4 3.3 3.3 1.1 8.0 12.0 Q2 LP2951-50QDRGRQ1 SON DRG 8 3000 330.0 12.4 3.3 3.3 1.1 8.0 12.0 Q2 Pack Materials-Page 1 PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION www.ti.com 5-Nov-2014 *All dimensions are nominal Device Package Type Package Drawing Pins SPQ Length (mm) Width (mm) Height (mm) LP2951-33QDRGRQ1 SON DRG 8 3000 367.0 367.0 35.0 LP2951-50QDRGRQ1 SON DRG 8 3000 367.0 367.0 35.0 Pack Materials-Page 2 IMPORTANT NOTICE Texas Instruments Incorporated and its subsidiaries (TI) reserve the right to make corrections, enhancements, improvements and other changes to its semiconductor products and services per JESD46, latest issue, and to discontinue any product or service per JESD48, latest issue. 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