Appl. Manual

RV-8523
Application Manual
Date: January 2013
Headquarters:
Micro Crystal AG
Mühlestrasse 14
CH-2540 Grenchen
Switzerland
Tel.
Fax
Internet
Email
Revision N°: 1.0
1/57
+41 32 655 82 82
+41 32 655 82 83
www.microcrystal.com
[email protected]
Micro Crystal
Real Time Clock / Calendar Module
RV-8523
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. OVERVIEW ........................................................................................................................................................ 5
2. GENERAL DESCRIPTION ................................................................................................................................ 5
3. BLOCK DIAGRAM ............................................................................................................................................. 6
4. PINOUT .............................................................................................................................................................. 7
5. PIN DESCRIPTION ............................................................................................................................................ 7
6. FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION ........................................................................................................................... 8
7. DEVICE PROTECTION DIAGRAM ................................................................................................................... 8
8. REGISTER ORGANIZATION ............................................................................................................................ 9
8.1. REGISTER OVERVIEW ............................................................................................................................. 9
8.2. CONTROL REGISTERS .......................................................................................................................... 10
8.2.1. CONTROL 1 (address 00h…bits description) ................................................................................... 10
8.2.2. CONTROL 2 (address 01h…bits description) ................................................................................... 11
8.2.3. CONTROL 3 (address 02h…bits description) ................................................................................... 11
8.3. TIME AND DATE REGISTERS ................................................................................................................ 12
8.3.1. SECONDS (address 03h…bits description) ..................................................................................... 12
8.3.2. MINUTES (address 04h…bits description) ....................................................................................... 12
8.3.3. HOURS (address 05h…bits description) .......................................................................................... 13
8.3.4. DAYS (address 06h…bits description).............................................................................................. 13
8.3.5. WEEKDAYS (address 07h…bits description) ................................................................................... 14
8.3.6. MONTHS (address 08h…bits description) ........................................................................................ 14
8.3.7. YEARS (address 09h…bits description) ........................................................................................... 15
8.4. ALARM REGISTERS ............................................................................................................................... 15
8.4.1. MINUTE ALARM (address 0Ah…bits description) ............................................................................ 15
8.4.2. HOUR ALARM (address 0Bh…bits description) ............................................................................... 15
8.4.3. DAY ALARM (address 0Ch…bits description) .................................................................................. 16
8.4.4. WEEKDAY ALARM (address 0Dh…bits description) ....................................................................... 16
8.5. FREQUENCY OFFSET REGISTER ........................................................................................................ 16
8.5.1. FREQUENCY OFFSET (address 0Eh…bits description) ................................................................. 17
8.6. TIMER AND CLKOUT REGISTERS ........................................................................................................ 18
8.6.1. TIMER & CLKOUT (address 0Fh…bits description) ......................................................................... 18
8.6.2. TIMER A CLOCK (address 10h…bits description) ........................................................................... 18
8.6.3. TIMER A (address 11h…bits description) ......................................................................................... 19
8.6.4. TIMER B CLOCK (address 12h…bits description) ........................................................................... 19
8.6.5. TIMER B (address 13h…bits description) ......................................................................................... 19
8.7. RESET ...................................................................................................................................................... 20
8.7.1. REGISTER RESET VALUES ............................................................................................................ 20
9. DETAILED FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION ..................................................................................................... 21
9.1. INTERRUPT ............................................................................................................................................. 21
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9.2. POWER MANAGEMENT ......................................................................................................................... 23
9.2.1. STANDBY MODE.............................................................................................................................. 23
9.2.2. BATTERY SWITCHOVER ................................................................................................................ 24
9.2.3. BATTERY LOW DETECTION ........................................................................................................... 26
9.3. OSCILLATOR STOP FLAG ..................................................................................................................... 27
9.4. DATA FLOW ON THE TIME FUNCTION ................................................................................................ 27
9.5. ALARM FLAG .......................................................................................................................................... 29
9.6. ALARM INTERRUPTS ............................................................................................................................. 30
9.7. OFFSET .................................................................................................................................................... 31
9.7.1. CORRECTION WHEN MODE = 0 .................................................................................................... 31
9.7.2. CORRECTION WHEN MODE = 1 .................................................................................................... 32
9.7.3. OFFSET CALIBRATION WORKFLOW ............................................................................................ 33
9.8. CLKOUT FREQUENCY SELECTION ..................................................................................................... 34
9.9. TIMER ....................................................................................................................................................... 34
9.9.1. TIMER A ............................................................................................................................................ 35
9.9.2. TIMER B ............................................................................................................................................ 37
9.9.3. SECOND INTERRUPT TIMER ......................................................................................................... 38
9.9.4. TIMER INTERRUPT PULSE ............................................................................................................. 39
9.10. STOP BIT FUNCTION .............................................................................................................................. 41
2
10. CHARACTERISTICS OF THE I C BUS .......................................................................................................... 43
10.1. BIT TRANSFER ....................................................................................................................................... 43
10.2. START AND STOP CONDITIONS .......................................................................................................... 43
10.3. SYSTEM CONFIGURATION.................................................................................................................... 44
10.4. ACKNOWLEDGE ..................................................................................................................................... 44
11. I2C BUS PROTOCOL ....................................................................................................................................... 45
11.1. ADDRESSING .......................................................................................................................................... 45
11.2. CLOCK AND CALENDAR READ AND WRITE CYCLES ...................................................................... 45
11.2.1. WRITE MODE ................................................................................................................................... 45
11.2.2. READ MODE AT SPECIFIC ADDRESS ........................................................................................... 46
11.2.3. READ MODE ..................................................................................................................................... 46
12. ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATING .................................................................................................................... 47
13. FREQUENCY CHARACTERISTICS................................................................................................................ 47
13.1. FREQUENCY VS. TEMPERATURE CHARACTERISTICS .................................................................... 47
14. DC CHARACTERISTICS ................................................................................................................................. 48
2
15. I C BUS INTERFACE TIMING ......................................................................................................................... 50
15.1. TIMING DIAGRAM ................................................................................................................................... 50
16. APPLICATION DIAGRAM ............................................................................................................................... 51
17. RECOMMENDED REFLOW TEMPERATURE (LEADFREE SOLDERING) .................................................. 52
18. PACKAGE ........................................................................................................................................................ 53
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18.1. DIMENSIONS AND SOLDERPADS LAYOUT ........................................................................................ 53
18.2. MARKING AND PIN #1 INDEX ................................................................................................................ 53
19. PACKING INFORAMTION ............................................................................................................................... 54
19.1. CARRIER TAPE ....................................................................................................................................... 54
19.2. PARTS PER REEL ................................................................................................................................... 54
19.3. REEL 7 INCH FOR 12 mm TAPE ............................................................................................................ 55
20. HANDLING PRECAUTIONS FOR CRYSTALS OR MODULES WITH EMBEDDED CRYSTALS ................ 56
21. DOCUMENT REVISION HISTORY.................................................................................................................. 57
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Real Time Clock / Calendar Module
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RV-8523
I2C-Bus Interface Real Time Clock / Calendar Module
1. OVERVIEW
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
RTC module with built-in crystal oscillating at 32.768 kHz
1 MHz Fast-mode Plus (Fm+) two-wire I2C interface
Wide Interface operating voltage: 1.6 – 5.5 V
Wide clock operating voltage: 1.2 – 5.5 V
Ultra low power consumption: 130 nA typ @ 3.0V / 25°C
Provides year, month, day, weekday, hours, minutes, seconds
Freely programmable Alarm and Timer functions with interrupt capability
Low voltage detector, internal power on reset
Battery backup input pin and switch-over circuit
INT_1 can be programed either as interrupt or clock output (open-drain)
Programmable clock output for peripheral devices (32.768 kHz, 16.384 kHz, 8192 Hz, 4096 Hz, 1024 Hz,
32 Hz and 1 Hz)
Programmable offset register for frequency adjustment
I2C slave address: read D1h, write D0h
Available in small and compact package size, RoHS-compliant and 100% leadfree:
C3: 3.7 x 2.5 x 0.9 mm
2. GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The RV-8523 is a CMOS real time clock / calendar optimized for low power consumption. Data is transferred
2
serially via an I C bus with a maximum data rate of 1000 kbit/s. Alarm and timer functions are available with the
possibility to generate a wake-up signal on an interrupt pin. An offset register allows fine-tuning of the clock. The
RV-8523 has a backup battery switch-over circuit, which detects power failures and automatically switches to the
battery supply when a power failure occurs.
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3. BLOCK DIAGRAM
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4. PINOUT
C3 Package:
#1
VDD
#10
N.C.
#2
INT_1
#9
N.C.
#3
SCL
#8
VBACKUP
#4
SDA
#7
VSS
#5
CLKOUT
#6
INT_2
8523
5. PIN DESCRIPTION
Symbol
Pin #
Description
VDD
1
Power Supply Voltage
INT_1
2
Interrupt_1 Output pin (active LOW) / Clock Output pin; open-drain; requires pull-up resistor
SCL
SDA
CLKOUT
3
4
5
Serial Clock Input pin; requires pull-up resistor
Serial Data Input-Output pin; requires pull-up resistor
Clock Output pin; open-drain; requires pull-up resistor
INT_2
6
Interrupt_2 Output pin (active LOW); open-drain; requires pull-up resistor
VSS
VBACKUP
N.C.
N.C.
7
8
9
10
Ground
Backup Supply Voltage; tie to GND when not using backup supply voltage
Not Connected
Not Connected
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6. FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
The RV-8523 RTC module combines a RTC IC with on chip oscillator together with a 32.768 kHz quartz crystal in a
miniature ceramic package.
The RV-8523 contains:
•
•
•
•
•
20 8-bit registers with an auto-incrementing address register
A frequency divider, which provides the source clock for the real time clock (RTC)
A programmable clock output
A 1 Mbit/s I2C bus interface
An offset register, which allows fine-tuning of the clock
All 20 registers are designed as addressable 8-bit registers although not all bits are implemented:
•
•
•
•
•
•
The first three registers (memory address 00h, 01h, and 02h) are used as control and status registers
The addresses 03h through 09h are used as counters for the clock function (seconds up to years)
Addresses 0Ah through 0Dh define the alarm condition
Address 0Eh defines the offset calibration
Address 0Fh defines the clock-out mode and the addresses 10h and 12h the timers mode
Addresses 11h and 13h are used for the timers
The registers Seconds, Minutes, Hours, Days, Weekdays, Months, and Years are all coded in Binary Coded
Decimal (BCD) format. Other registers are either bit-wise or standard binary. When one of the RTC registers is
read, the contents of all counters are frozen. Therefore, faulty reading of the clock and calendar during a carry
condition is prevented.
The RV-8523 has a battery backup input pin and battery switch-over circuit, which monitors the main power supply
and automatically switches to the backup battery when a power failure condition is detected. Accurate timekeeping
is maintained even when the main power supply is interrupted.
A battery low detection circuit monitors the status of the battery. When the battery voltage goes below a certain
threshold value, a flag is set to indicate that the battery must be replaced soon. This ensures the integrity of the
data during periods of battery backup.
7. DEVICE PROTECTION DIAGRAM
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8. REGISTER ORGANIZATION
8.1. REGISTER OVERVIEW
The 20 registers of the RV-8523 are auto-incrementing after each read or write data byte up to register 13h. After
register 13h, the auto-incrementing will wrap around to address 00h.
Auto-incrementing of the registers:
Address
Function
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
00h
01h
02h
03h
04h
Control 1
Control 2
Control 3
Seconds
Minutes
Hours in 12 h mode
Hours in 24 h mode
Days
CAP
WTAF
PM2
OS
X
X
X
X
N
CTAF
PM1
40
40
X
X
X
STOP
CTBF
PM0
20
20
AMPM
20
20
SR
SF
X
10
10
10
10
10
12_24
AF
BSF
8
8
8
8
8
SIE
WTAIE
BLF
4
4
4
4
4
AIE
CTAIE
BSIE
2
2
2
2
2
CIE
CTBIE
BLIE
1
1
1
1
1
Weekdays
Months
Years
Minute Alarm
Hour Alarm in 12 h mode
Hour Alarm in 24 h mode
Day Alarm
Weekday Alarm
Frequency Offset
Timer & CLKOUT
Timer A Clock
Timer A
Timer B Clock
Timer B
X
X
80
AE_M
AE_H
AE_H
AE_D
AE_W
MODE
TAM
X
128
X
128
X
X
X
X
40
20
40
20
X
AMPM
X
20
X
20
X
X
Offset value
TBM
COF2
X
X
64
32
TBW2
TBW1
64
32
X
10
10
10
10
10
10
X
X
8
8
8
8
8
8
X
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
COF1
X
16
TBW0
16
COF0
X
8
X
8
TAC1
TAQ2
4
TBQ2
4
TAC0
TAQ1
2
TBQ1
2
TBC
TAQ0
1
TBQ0
1
05h
06h
07h
08h
09h
0Ah
0Bh
0Ch
0Dh
0Eh
0Fh
10h
11h
12h
13h
Bit positions labeled as “X” are not implemented and will return 0 when read.
Bit position labeled as “N” must always be written with logic 0.
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8.2. CONTROL REGISTERS
8.2.1.CONTROL 1 (address 00h…bits description)
Address
Function
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
00h
Control 1
CAP
N
STOP
SR
12_24
SIE
AIE
CIE
Bit
Symbol
Value
Description
7
CAP
01)
Must be set to logic 0 for normal operations
6
N
01) 2)
Unused
01)
RTC time circuits running
1
RTC time circuits frozen
RTC divider chain flip-flops are asynchronously set to
logic 0
CLKOUT at 32.768 kHz, 16.384 kHz, or 8.192 kHz is
still available
01) 3)
No software reset
5
STOP
4
SR
3
2
1
0
12_24
SIE
AIE
CIE
1
Initiate software reset
01)
24 hour mode is selected
1
12 hour mode is selected
01)
Second interrupt disabled
1
Second interrupt enabled
01)
Alarm interrupt disabled
1
Alarm interrupt enabled
01)
No correction interrupt generated
1
Interrupt pulses are generated at every correction
cycles
Reference
See section 8.5.
1)
Default value.
Bit labeled as “N” must always be written with logic 0.
3)
For a software reset, 01011000 (58h) must be sent to register Control 1 (see section 8.7.). Bit SR always returns 0 when read.
2)
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RV-8523
8.2.2.CONTROL 2 (address 01h…bits description)
Address
Function
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
01h
Control 2
WTAF
CTAF
CTBF
SF
AF
WTAIE
CTAIE
CTBIE
Bit
Symbol
7
6
CTAF
5
CTBF
4
SF
3
AF
2
WTAIE
1
0
1)
WTAF
CTAIE
CTBIE
Value
Description
01)
No watchdog timer A interrupt generated
Reference
1
Flag set when watchdog timer A interrupt generated
Flag is read-only and cleared by reading register
Control 2
01)
No countdown timer A interrupt generated
1
Flag set when countdown timer A interrupt generated
Flag must be cleared to clear interrupt
01)
No countdown timer B interrupt generated
1
Flag set when countdown timer B interrupt generated
Flag must be cleared to clear interrupt
01)
No second interrupt generated
1
Flag set when second interrupt generated
Flag must be cleared to clear interrupt
01)
No alarm interrupt generated
1
Flag set when alarm triggered
Flag must be cleared to clear interrupt
01)
Watchdog timer A interrupt is disabled
1
Watchdog timer A interrupt is enabled
01)
Countdown timer A interrupt is disabled
1
Countdown timer A interrupt is enabled
01)
Countdown timer B interrupt is disabled
1
Countdown timer B interrupt is enabled
Default value.
8.2.3.CONTROL 3 (address 02h…bits description)
Address
Function
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
02h
Control 3
PM2
PM1
PM0
X
BSF
BLF
BSIE
BLIE
Bit
Symbol
Value
7 to 5
PM[2:0]
000 to 111
Battery switchover and battery low detection control
4
X
-
Unused
02)
No battery switchover interrupt generated
3
BSF
1
Flag set when battery switchover occurs
Flag must be cleared to clear interrupt
2
BLF
02)
Battery status ok
1
Battery status low; flag is read-only
1
BSIE
0
2)
1
0
1)
2)
Description
BLIE
0
1
Reference
1)
See section 9.2.
No interrupt generated from battery switchover flag
BSF
Interrupt generated when BSF is set
2)
No interrupt generated from battery low flag BLF
Interrupt generated when BLF is set
Default value is 111.
Default value.
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8.3. TIME AND DATE REGISTERS
Most of these registers are coded in the Binary Coded Decimal (BCD) format. BCD is used to simplify application
use. An example is shown for the array SECONDS.
8.3.1.SECONDS (address 03h…bits description)
Address
Function
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
03h
Seconds
OS
40
20
10
8
4
2
1
Bit
Symbol
Value
7
OS
6 to 0
Seconds
0
1)
1
Description
Clock integrity is guaranteed
Clock integrity is not guaranteed
Oscillator has stopped or been interrupted
1)
0 to 59
This register holds the current seconds coded in BCD format
Startup value.
Upper-digit (ten’s place)
Digit (unit place)
Seconds value is decimal
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
00
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
01
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
02
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
09
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
10
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
58
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
59
1
0
1
1
0
0
1
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
X
40
20
10
8
4
2
1
8.3.2.MINUTES (address 04h…bits description)
Address
Function
04h
Minutes
Bit
Symbol
Value
Description
7
X
-
Unused
6 to 0
Minutes
0 to 59
This register holds the current minutes coded in BCD format
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8.3.3.HOURS (address 05h…bits description)
12 hour mode1)
1)
Address
Function
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
05h
Hours
X
X
AMPM
10
8
4
2
1
Bit
Symbol
Value
Description
7 to 6
X
-
Unused
5
AMPM
0
Indicates AM
1
Indicates PM
4 to 0
Hours
1 to 12
This register holds the current hours in 12 hour mode coded in BCD format
Hour mode is set by bit 12_24 in register Control 1.
24 hour mode1)
1)
Address
Function
05h
Hours
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
X
X
20
10
8
4
2
1
Bit
Symbol
Value
Description
7 to 6
X
-
Unused
5 to 0
Hours
0 to 23
This register holds the current hours in 24 hour mode coded in BCD format
Hour mode is set by bit 12_24 in register Control 1.
8.3.4.DAYS (address 06h…bits description)
1)
Address
Function
06h
Days
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
X
X
20
10
8
4
2
1
Bit
Symbol
Value
Description
7 to 6
X
-
Unused
5 to 0
Days1)
1 to 31
This register holds the current day coded in BCD format
If the year counter contains a value which is exactly divisible by 4 (including the year 00), the RV-8523 compensates for leap years by adding
a 29th day to February.
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8.3.5.WEEKDAYS (address 07h…bits description)
Address
Function
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
07h
Weekdays
X
X
X
X
X
4
2
1
Bit
Symbol
Value
Description
7 to 3
X
-
Unused
2 to 0
Weekdays
0 to 6
This register holds the current weekday
Weekdays1)
1)
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
Sunday
X
X
X
X
X
0
0
0
Monday
X
X
X
X
X
0
0
1
Tuesday
X
X
X
X
X
0
1
0
Wednesday
X
X
X
X
X
0
1
1
Thursday
X
X
X
X
X
1
0
0
Friday
X
X
X
X
X
1
0
1
Saturday
X
X
X
X
X
1
1
0
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
X
X
X
10
8
4
2
1
Definition may be re-assigned by the user.
8.3.6.MONTHS (address 08h…bits description)
Address
Function
08h
Months
Bit
Symbol
Value
Description
7 to 5
X
-
Unused
4 to 0
Months
1 to 12
This register holds the current month coded in BCD format
Months
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
January
X
X
X
0
0
0
0
1
February
X
X
X
0
0
0
1
0
March
X
X
X
0
0
0
1
1
April
X
X
X
0
0
1
0
0
May
X
X
X
0
0
1
0
1
June
X
X
X
0
0
1
1
0
July
X
X
X
0
0
1
1
1
August
X
X
X
0
1
0
0
0
September
X
X
X
0
1
0
0
1
October
X
X
X
1
0
0
0
0
November
X
X
X
1
0
0
0
1
December
X
X
X
1
0
0
1
0
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8.3.7.YEARS (address 09h…bits description)
Address
Function
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
09h
Years
80
40
20
10
8
4
2
1
Bit
Symbol
Value
Description
7 to 0
Years
0 to 99
This register holds the current year coded in BCD format
8.4. ALARM REGISTERS
The registers at addresses 0Ah through 0Dh contain the alarm information.
8.4.1.MINUTE ALARM (address 0Ah…bits description)
1)
Address
Function
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
0Ah
Minute Alarm
AE_M
40
20
10
8
4
2
1
Bit
Symbol
7
AE_M
6 to 0
Minute Alarm
Value
Description
0
Minute Alarm in enabled
1
1)
0 to 59
Minute Alarm is disabled
Minute Alarm information coded in BCD format
Default value.
8.4.2.HOUR ALARM (address 0Bh…bits description)
12 hour mode
1)
2)
1)
Address
Function
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
0Bh
Hour Alarm
AE_H
X
AMPM
10
8
4
2
1
Bit
Symbol
7
AE_H
6
X
5
AMPM
4 to 0
Hour Alarm
Value
Description
0
Hour Alarm in enabled
12)
Hour Alarm is disabled
-
Unused
0
Indicates AM
1
Indicates PM
1 to 12
Hour Alarm information in 12 hour mode coded in BCD format
Hour mode is set by bit 12_24 in register Control 1.
Default value.
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Micro Crystal
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RV-8523
24 hour mode1)
1)
2)
Address
Function
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
0Bh
Hour Alarm
AE_H
X
20
10
8
4
2
1
Bit
Symbol
Value
Description
0
Hour Alarm in enabled
7
AE_H
6
X
-
Unused
5 to 0
Hour Alarm
0 to 23
Hour Alarm information in 24 hour mode coded in BCD format
1
2)
Hour Alarm is disabled
Hour mode is set by bit 12_24 in register Control 1.
Default value.
8.4.3.DAY ALARM (address 0Ch…bits description)
1)
Address
Function
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
0Ch
Day Alarm
AE_D
X
20
10
8
4
2
1
Bit
Symbol
Value
Description
0
Day Alarm in enabled
7
AE_D
6
X
-
Unused
5 to 0
Day Alarm
1 to 31
Day Alarm information coded in BCD format
1
1)
Day Alarm is disabled
Default value.
8.4.4.WEEKDAY ALARM (address 0Dh…bits description)
1)
Address
Function
0Dh
Weekday Alarm
Bit
Symbol
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
AE_W
X
X
X
X
4
2
1
Value
Description
0
Weekday Alarm in enabled
7
AE_W
6 to 3
X
-
Unused
2 to 0
Weekday Alarm
0 to 6
Weekday Alarm information
1
1)
Weekday Alarm is disabled
Default value.
8.5. FREQUENCY OFFSET REGISTER
The RV-8523 incorporates an offset register (address 0Eh), which can be used to implement several functions,
like:
•
•
•
Aging adjustment
Temperature compensation
Accuracy tuning
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Micro Crystal
Real Time Clock / Calendar Module
RV-8523
8.5.1.FREQUENCY OFFSET (address 0Eh…bits description)
1)
Address
Function
0Eh
Frequency Offset
Bit
Symbol
7
MODE
6 to 0
Offset
Bit 7
MODE
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
Offset value
Value
Description
01)
Offset is made once every two hours
1
Offset is made once every minute
+63/-64
Offset value (see table below)
Default value.
For MODE = 0, each LSB introduces an offset of 4.34 ppm. For MODE = 1, each LSB introduces an offset of 4.069
ppm. The values of 4.34 ppm and 4.069 ppm are based on a nominal 32.768 kHz clock. The offset value is coded
in two’s complement giving a range of +63 LSB to -64 LSB.
1)
Offset value in ppm
Offset [6:0]
Offset value in decimal
Every two hours (MODE = 0)
Every minute (MODE = 1)
0111111
+63
+273.420
+256.347
0111110
+62
+269.080
+252.278
:
:
:
:
0000010
+2
+8.680
+8.138
0000001
+1
+4.340
+4.069
0000000
0
1)
1111111
-1
0
1)
-4.340
01)
-4.069
1111110
-2
-8.680
-8.138
:
:
:
:
1000001
-63
-273.420
-256.347
1000000
-64
-277.760
-260.416
Default value.
The correction is made by adding or subtracting clock correction pulses, thereby changing the period of a single
second.
It is possible to monitor when correction pulses are applied. To enable correction interrupt generation, bit CIE
1
(register Control 1) has to be set logic 1. At every correction cycle a /4096 s pulse is generated on pin INT_x . If
1
multiple correction pulses are applied, a /4096 s interrupt pulse is generated for each correction pulse applied.
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Real Time Clock / Calendar Module
RV-8523
8.6. TIMER AND CLKOUT REGISTERS
The RV-8523 has three timers:
•
•
•
Timer A can be used as a watchdog timer or a countdown timer (see section 9.9.1.). It can be configured
by using TAC [1:0] in the Timer & CLKOUT register (0Fh)
Timer B can be used as a countdown timer (see section 9.9.2.). It can be configured by using TBC in the
Timer & CLKOUT register (0Fh)
Second interrupt timer is used to generate an interrupt once per second (see section 9.9.3.)
Timer A and timer B both have five selectable source clocks allowing for countdown periods from less than 1 ms to
255 h. To control the timer functions and timer output, the registers 01h, 0Fh, 10h, 11h, 12h and 13h are used.
8.6.1.TIMER & CLKOUT (address 0Fh…bits description)
Address
Function
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
0Fh
Timer & CLKOUT
TAM
TBM
COF2
COF1
COF0
TAC1
TAC0
TBC
Bit
Symbol
7
6
5 to 3
2 to 1
0
1)
TAM
TBM
COF[2:0]
Value
0
1)
Permanent active interrupt for timer A and for the second interrupt timer
1
0
Pulsed interrupt for timer A and the second interrupt timer
1)
Permanent active interrupt for timer B
1
Pulsed interrupt for timer B
0001) to 111
CLKOUT frequency selection (see section 9.8.)
001) or 11
Timer A is disabled
01
Timer A is configures as countdown timer
If CTAIE (register Control 2) is set logic 1, the interrupt is activated when the
countdown timed out
10
Timer A is configured as watchdog timer
If WTAIE (register Control 2) is set logic 1, the interrupt is activated when
timed out
01)
Timer B is disabled
1
Timer B is enabled
If CTBIE (register Control 2) is set logic 1, the interrupt is activated when the
countdown timed out
TAC[1:0]
TBC
Description
Default value.
8.6.2.TIMER A CLOCK (address 10h…bits description)
Address
Function
10h
Timer A Clock
Bit
Symbol
Value
Description
7 to 3
X
-
Unused
2 to 0
TAQ[2:0]1)
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
X
X
X
X
X
TAQ2
TAQ1
TAQ0
000
4.096 kHz
001
64 Hz
010
1 Hz
011
1
/60 Hz
2)
111
110
100
1)
2)
1
/3600 Hz
Source clock for timer A (see section 9.9.).
Default value.
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Real Time Clock / Calendar Module
RV-8523
8.6.3.TIMER A (address 11h…bits description)
Address
Function
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
11h
Timer A
128
64
32
16
8
4
2
1
Bit
Symbol
Value
Description
Timer period in seconds
Countdown value = n
7 to 0
Timer A
00 to FF
Timer Period =
n
Source Clock Frequency
8.6.4.TIMER B CLOCK (address 12h…bits description)
Address
Function
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
12h
Timer B Clock
X
TBW2
TBW1
TBW0
X
TBQ2
TBQ1
TBQ0
Bit
Symbol
Value
Description
7
X
-
Unused
1)
6 to 4
3
2 to 0
TBW[2:0]2)
X
TBQ[2:0]3)
000
46.875 ms
001
62.500 ms
010
78.125 ms
011
93.750 ms
100
125.000 ms
101
156.250 ms
110
187.500 ms
111
218.750 ms
-
Unused
000
4.096 kHz
001
64 Hz
010
1 Hz
011
1
1111)
110
100
/60 Hz
1
/3600 Hz
1)
Default value.
Low pulse width for pulsed timer B interrupt.
3)
Source clock for timer B (see section 9.9.)
2)
8.6.5.TIMER B (address 13h…bits description)
Address
Function
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
13h
Timer B
128
64
32
16
8
4
2
1
Bit
Symbol
Value
Description
Timer period in seconds
Countdown value = n
7 to 0
Timer B
00 to FF
Timer Period =
n
Source Clock Frequency
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Micro Crystal
Real Time Clock / Calendar Module
RV-8523
8.7. RESET
A reset is automatically generated at power-on. A reset can also be initiated with the software reset command.
Software reset command means setting bits 6, 4 and 3 in register Control 1 (00h) logic 1 and all others bits logic 0
by sending the bits sequence 01011000 (58h), see figure below.
After reset, the following mode is entered:
• 32.768 kHz CLKOUT active
• 24 hour mode is selected
• Register Frequency Offset is set logic 0
• No alarm set
• Timers disabled
• No interrupts enabled
• Battery switchover is disabled
• Battery low detection is disabled
8.7.1.REGISTER RESET VALUES
Address
Function
00h
01h
02h
03h
04h
05h
06h
07h
08h
09h
0Ah
0Bh
0Ch
0Dh
0Eh
0Fh
10h
11h
12h
13h
Control 1
Control 2
Control 3
Seconds
Minutes
Hours
Days
Weekdays
Months
Years
Minute Alarm
Hour Alarm
Day Alarm
Weekday Alarm
Frequency Offset
Timer & CLKOUT
Timer A Clock
Timer A
Timer B Clock
Timer B
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
0
0
1
1
X
X
X
X
X
1
1
1
1
0
0
X
X
-
0
0
1
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
0
0
X
0
-
0
0
1
X
X
X
0
0
X
0
-
0
0
X
X
X
0
0
X
0
-
0
0
0
X
X
0
0
X
X
-
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
-
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
-
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
-
Bit positions labeled as “-” are undefined at power-on and unchanged by subsequent resets.
Bit positions labeled as “X” are not implemented and will return 0 when read.
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Real Time Clock / Calendar Module
RV-8523
9. DETAILED FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
9.1. INTERRUPT
Active low interrupt signals are available at pin INT_1 /CLKOUT and INT_2 . Pin INT_1 /CLKOUT has both
functions of INT_1 and CLKOUT combined.
INT_1 Interrupt output may be sourced from different places:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Second timer
Timer A
Timer B
Alarm
Battery switchover
Battery low detection
Clock offset correction pulse
INT_2 interrupt output is sourced only from timer B.
The control bit TAM (register Timer & CLKOUT) is used to configure whether the interrupts generated from the
second interrupt timer and timer A are pulsed signals or a permanently active signal. The control bit TBM (register
Timer & CLKOUT) is used to configure whether the interrupt generated from timer B is a pulsed signal or a
permanently active signal. All the other interrupt sources generate a permanently active interrupt signal, which
follows the status of the corresponding flags.
•
•
•
The flags SF, CTAF, CTBF, AF and BSF can be cleared by using the interface
WTAF is read only. A read of the register Control 2 (01h) will automatically resets WTAF (WTAF = 0) and
clear the interrupt
The flag BLF is read only. It is cleared automatically from the battery low detection circuit when the battery
is replaced
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Interrupt block diagram:
Note:
When SIE, CTAIE, WTAIE, CTBIE, AIE, CIE, BSIE, BLIE and clock-out are disabled, then INT_1 will remains highimpedance. When CTBIE is disabled, then INT_2 will remain high-impedance.
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RV-8523
9.2. POWER MANAGEMENT
The RV-8523 has two power supply pins:
•
•
VDD - the main power supply input pin
VBAT - the battery backup input pin
The RV-8523 has two power management functions implemented:
•
•
Battery switchover function
Battery low detection function
The power management functions are controlled by the control bits PM[2:0] in register Control 3 (02h):
PM[2:0]
Function
000
Battery switchover function is enabled in standard mode
Battery low detection function is enabled
001
Battery switchover function is enabled in direct switching mode
Battery low detection function is enabled
010, 0111)
Battery switchover function is disabled - only one power supply (VDD)
Battery low detection function is enabled
100
Battery switchover function is enabled in standard mode
Battery low detection function is disabled
101
Battery switchover function is enabled in direct switching mode
Battery low detection function is disabled
110
2) 3)
111
Not allowed
Battery switchover function is disabled - only one power supply (VDD)
Battery low detection function is disabled
1)
When the battery switchover function is disabled, the RV-8523 works only with the power supply VDD.
When the battery switchover function is disabled, the RV-8523 works only with the power supply VDD; VBAT must be put to ground and the
battery low detection function is disabled.
3)
Default value.
2)
9.2.1.STANDBY MODE
When the device is first powered up from the battery (VBAT) but without a main supply (VDD), the RV-8523
automatically enters the standby mode. In standby mode the RV-8523 does not draw any power from the backup
battery until the device is powered up from the main power supply VDD. Thereafter, the device switches over to
battery backup mode whenever the main power supply VDD is lost.
It is also possible to enter into standby mode when the chip is already supplied by the main power supply VDD and a
backup battery is connected. To enter the standby mode, the power management control bits PM[2:0] have to be
set logic 111. Then the main power supply VDD must be removed. As a result of it, the RV-8523 enters the standby
mode and does not draw any current from the backup battery before it is powered up again from main supply VDD.
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Real Time Clock / Calendar Module
RV-8523
9.2.2.BATTERY SWITCHOVER
The RV-8523 has a backup battery switchover circuit. It monitors the main power supply VDD and switches
automatically to the backup battery when a power failure condition is detected.
One of two operation modes can be selected:
•
•
Standard mode: the power failure condition happens when: VDD < VBAT AND VDD < Vth(sw)bat
Direct switching mode: the power failure condition happens when VDD < VBAT.
Direct switching from VDD to VBAT without requiring VDD to drop below Vth(sw)bat
Vth(sw)bat is the battery switch threshold voltage. Typical value is 2.5 V.
Generation of interrupts from the battery switchover is controlled via the BSIE bit (register Control 2). If BSIE is
enabled, the INT_1 follows the status of bit BLF (register Control 3). Clearing BLF immediately clears INT_1 .
When a power failure condition occurs and the power supply switches to the battery, the following sequence
occurs:
1. The battery switch flag BSF (register Control 3) is set logic 1
2. An interrupt is generated if the control bit BSIE (register Control 3) is enabled
The battery switch flag BSF can be cleared by using the interface after the power supply has switched to VDD. It
must be cleared to clear the interrupt.
The interface is disabled in battery backup operation:
•
•
Interface inputs are not recognized, preventing extraneous data being written to the device
Interface outputs are high-impedance
Standard mode:
If VDD > VBAT OR VDD > Vth(sw)bat the internal power supply is VDD.
If VDD < VBAT AND VDD < Vth(sw)bat the internal power supply is VBAT.
Battery switchover behavior in standard mode and with bit BSIE set logic 1 (enabled):
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Direct switching mode:
If VDD > VBAT the internal power supply is VDD.
If VDD < VBAT the internal power supply is VBAT.
The direct switching mode is useful in systems where VDD is higher than VBAT at all times (for example VDD = 5 V,
VBAT = 3.5 V). If VDD and VBAT values are similar (for example VDD = 3.3 V, VBAT ≥ 3.0 V), the direct switching mode
is not recommended. In direct switching mode, the power consumption is reduced compared to the standard mode
because the monitoring of VDD and Vth(sw)bat is not performed.
Battery switchover behavior in direct switching mode and with bit BSIE set logic 1 (enabled):
Battery switchover disabled, only one power supply (VDD):
When the battery switchover function is disabled:
•
•
•
The power supply is applied on VDD pin
VBAT pin must be connected to ground
The battery flag (BSF) is always logic 0
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RV-8523
9.2.3.BATTERY LOW DETECTION
The RV-8523 has a battery low detection circuit, which monitors the status of the battery VBAT.
Generation of interrupts from the battery low detection is controlled via bit BLIE (register Control 3). If BLIE is
enabled, the INT_1 follows the status of bit BLF (register Control 3).
When VBAT drops below the threshold value Vth(bat)low (typically 2.5 V), the BLF flag (register Control 3) is set to
indicate that the battery is low and that it must be replaced. Monitoring of the battery voltage also occurs during
battery operation.
An unreliable battery does not ensure data integrity during periods of backup battery operation.
When VBAT drops below the threshold value Vth(bat)low, the following sequence occurs:
1. The battery low flag BLF is set logic 1
2. An interrupt is generated if the control bit BLIE (register Control 3) is enabled. The interrupt remains active
until the battery is replaced (BLF set logic 0) or when bit BLIE is disabled (BLIE set logic 0)
3. The flag BLF (register Control 3) remains logic 1 until the battery is replaced. BLF cannot be cleared using
the interface. It is cleared automatically by the battery low detection circuit when the battery is replaced
Battery low detection behavior with bit BLIE set logic 1 (enabled):
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RV-8523
9.3. OSCILLATOR STOP FLAG
The OS flag is set whenever the oscillator is stopped. The flag remains set until cleared by using the interface.
When the oscillator is not running, then the OS flag cannot be cleared. This method can be used to monitor the
oscillator.
The oscillator is considered to be stopped during the time between power-on and stable crystal resonance. This
time may be in a range of 200 ms to 2 s, depending on temperature and supply voltage. At power-on, the OS flag is
always set.
OS flag:
9.4. DATA FLOW ON THE TIME FUNCTION
Data flow and data dependencies starting from 1 Hz clock tick:
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During read/write operations, the time counting circuits (memory locations 03h through 09h) are blocked.
The blocking prevents:
•
•
Faulty reading of the clock and calendar during a carry condition
Incrementing the time registers during the read cycle
After the read/write access is completed, the time circuit is released again and any pending request to increment
the time counters that occurred during the read/write access is serviced. A maximum of one request can be stored;
therefore, all accesses must be completed within 1 second.
Access time for read/write operations:
Because of this method, it is very important to make a read or write access in one go, that is, setting or reading
seconds through years should be made in one single access. Failing to comply with this method could result in the
time becoming corrupted.
As an example, if the time (seconds through hours) is set in one access and then in a second access the date is
set, it is possible that the time will increment between the two accesses. A similar problem exists when reading. A
rollover may occur between reads thus giving the minutes from one moment and the hours from the next.
Recommended method for reading the time:
1. Send a START condition and the slave address for write (D0h)
2. Set the address pointer to 3 (Seconds) by sending 03h
3. Send a RE-START condition (STOP followed by START)
4. Send the slave address for read (D1h)
5. Read the seconds
6. Read the minutes
7. Read the hours
8. Read the days
9. Read the weekdays
10. Read the months
11. Read the years
12. Send a STOP condition
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RV-8523
9.5. ALARM FLAG
Alarm function block diagram:
1)
Only when all enabled alarm settings are matching. It’s only on increment to a matched case that the alarm flag is set.
When one or several alarm registers are loaded with a valid minute, hour, day, or weekday value and its
corresponding alarm enable bit (AE_x) is logic 0, then that information is compared with the current minute, hour,
day, and weekday value. When all enabled comparisons first match, the alarm flag, AF (register Control 2), is set
logic 1.
The generation of interrupts from the alarm function is controlled via bit AIE (register Control 1). If bit AIE is
enabled, then the INT_1 pin follows the condition of bit AF. AF remains set until cleared by the interface. Once AF
has been cleared, it will only be set again when the time increments to match the alarm condition once more. Alarm
registers, which have their AE_x bit logic 1 are ignored. The generation of interrupts from the alarm function is
described more detailed in section 9.1.
Next page tables show an example for clearing bit AF. Clearing the flag is made by a write command, therefore bits
2, 1, and 0 must be re-written with their previous values. Repeatedly re-writing these bits has no influence on the
functional behavior.
Alarm flag timing:
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To prevent the timer flags being overwritten while clearing bit AF, logic AND is performed during a write access. A
flag is cleared by writing logic 0 while a flag is not cleared by writing logic 1. Writing logic 1 results in the flag value
remaining unchanged.
Flag location in register Control 2:
Address
Function
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
01h
Control 2
WTAF
CTAF
CTBF
SF
AF
-
-
-
The table below shows what instruction must be sent to clear bit AF. In this example, bit CTAF, CTBF and bit SF
are unaffected.
Example to clear only AF (bit 3):
Address
Function
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
01h
Control 2
0
1
1
1
0
-
-
-
Note:
The bits labeled as “-“ have to be re-written with the previous values.
9.6. ALARM INTERRUPTS
Generation of interrupts from the alarm function is controlled via the bit AIE (register Control 1). If AIE is enabled,
the INT_1 follows the status of bit AF (register Control 2). Clearing AF immediately clears INT_1 . No pulse
generation is possible for alarm interrupts.
Example where only the minute alarm is used and no other interrupts are enabled:
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9.7. OFFSET
9.7.1.CORRECTION WHEN MODE = 0
The correction is triggered once per two hours and then correction pulses are applied once per minute until the
programmed correction values have been implemented.
Correction pulses for MODE = 0:
1)
Correction value
Hour
Minute
Correction pulses on INT_1
per minute1)
+1 or -1
02
00
1
+2 or -2
02
00 and 01
1
+3 or -3
02
00, 01 and 02
1
:
:
:
:
+59 or -59
02
00 to 58
1
+60 or -60
02
00 to 59
1
+61 or -61
02
03
00 to 59
00
1
1
+62 or -62
02
03
00 to 59
00 and 01
1
1
+63 or -63
02
03
00 to 59
00, 01 and 02
1
1
-64
02
03
00 to 59
00, 01, 02 and 03
1
1
The correction pulses on pin INT_1 are 1/64 s wide.
In MODE = 0, any timer or clock output using a frequency below 64 Hz is affected by the clock correction.
Effect of clock correction for MODE = 0:
CLKOUT frequency (Hz)
Effect of correction
Timer source clock
frequency (Hz)
Effect of correction
32’768
No effect
4’096
No effect
16’384
No effect
64
No effect
8’192
No effect
1
Affected
4’096
No effect
1
/60
Affected
1’024
No effect
1
/3600
Affected
32
Affected
-
-
1
Affected
-
-
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Micro Crystal
Real Time Clock / Calendar Module
RV-8523
9.7.2.CORRECTION WHEN MODE = 1
The correction is triggered once per minute and then correction pulses are applied once per second up to a
maximum of 60 pulses. When correction values greater than 60 pulses are used, additional correction pulses are
made in the 59th second.
Clock correction is made more frequently in MODE = 1; however, this can result in higher power consumption.
Correction pulses for MODE = 1:
1)
Correction value
Minute
Second
Correction pulses on INT_1
per second1)
+1 or -1
02
00
1
+2 or -2
02
00 and 01
1
+3 or -3
02
00, 01 and 02
1
:
:
:
:
+59 or -59
02
00 to 58
1
+60 or -60
02
00 to 59
1
+61 or -61
02
02
00 to 58
59
1
2
+62 or -62
02
02
00 to 58
59
1
2
+63 or -63
02
02
00 to 58
59
1
4
-64
02
02
00 to 58
59
1
5
The correction pulses on pin INT_x are 1/4096 s wide. For multiple pulses, they are repeated at an interval of 1/2048 s.
In MODE = 1, any timer source clock output using a frequency below 4.096 kHz is also affected by the clock
correction.
Effect of clock correction for MODE = 1:
CLKOUT frequency (Hz)
Effect of correction
Timer source clock
frequency (Hz)
Effect of correction
32’768
No effect
4’096
No effect
16’384
No effect
64
Affected
8’192
No effect
1
Affected
4’096
No effect
1
/60
Affected
1’024
No effect
1
/3600
Affected
32
Affected
-
-
1
Affected
-
-
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9.7.3.OFFSET CALIBRATION WORKFLOW
The calibration offset has to be calculated based on the time. The figure below shows the workflow how the offset
register values can be calculated:
Offset calibration calculation workflow:
Example
32768.48 Hz
30.5171 µs
0.000447 µs
14.6484 ppm
3.375 →
3 correction pulses are needed
3.600 →
4 correction pulses are needed
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9.8. CLKOUT FREQUENCY SELECTION
Clock output operation is controlled by the COF[2:0] in the Timer & CLKOUT register. Frequencies of 32.768 kHz
(default) down to 1 Hz can be generated (see table below) for use as a system clock, microcontroller clock, input to
a charge pump, or for calibration of the oscillator.
A programmable square wave is available at pin INT_1 and pin CLKOUT, which are both open-drain outputs. Pin
INT_1 has both functions of INT_1 and CLKOUT combined.
The duty cycle of the selected clock is not controlled but due to the nature of the clock generation, all clock
frequencies except 32.768 kHz have a duty cycle of 50 : 50.
The STOP bit function can also affect the CLKOUT signal, depending on the selected frequency. When STOP is
active, the INT_1 and CLKOUT pins will be high-impedance for all frequencies except of 32.768 kHz, 16.384 kHz
and 8.192 kHz. For more details, see section 9.10.
COF[2:0]
CLKOUT frequency (Hz)
2)
Typical duty cycle1)
Effect of STOP bit
000
32’768
60 : 40 to 40 : 60
No effect
001
16’384
50 : 50
No effect
010
8’192
50 : 50
No effect
011
4’096
50 : 50
CLKOUT = high-Z
100
1’024
50 : 50
CLKOUT = high-Z
101
32
50 : 503)
CLKOUT = high-Z
110
1
50 : 503)
CLKOUT = high-Z
111
CLKOUT disabled (high-Z)
1)
Duty cycle definition: % HIGH-level time : % LOW-level time.
Default value.
3)
Clock frequencies may be affected by offset correction.
2)
9.9. TIMER
Programmable timer characteristics:
TAQ[2:0]
TBQ[2:0]
Timer source
clock frequency
Units
Minimum timer-period
(n = 1)
Units
Maximum timer-period
(n = 255)
Units
000
4.096
kHz
244
µs
62.256
ms
001
64
Hz
15.625
ms
3.984
s
010
1
Hz
1
s
255
s
011
1
Hz
1
min
255
min
1
Hz
1
hour
255
hour
111
110
100
/60
/3600
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9.9.1.TIMER A
With the bit field TAC[1:0] in register Timer & CLKOUT (0Fh) Timer A can be configured as a countdown timer
(TAC[1:0] = 01) or watchdog timer (TAC[1:0] = 10).
Watchdog timer function:
The three bits TAQ[2:0] in register Timer A Clock (10h) determine one of the five source clock frequencies for the
1
1
watchdog timer: 4.096 kHz, 64 Hz, 1 Hz, ⁄60 Hz or ⁄3600 Hz (see section 8.6.2.).
The generation of interrupts from the watchdog timer is controlled by using WTAIE bit (register Control 2).
When configured as a watchdog timer (TAC[1:0] = 10), the 8-bit timer value in register Timer A (11h) determines
the watchdog timer-period.
The watchdog timer counts down from value n in register Timer A (11h). When the counter reaches 1, the
watchdog timer flag WTAF (register Control 2) is set logic 1 on the next rising edge of the timer clock (see figure
below). In that case:
•
•
If WTAIE = 1, an interrupt will be generated
If WTAIE = 0, no interrupt will be generated
The interrupt generated by the watchdog timer function of timer A may be generated as pulsed signal or a
permanently active signal. The TAM bit (register Timer & CLKOUT) is used to control the interrupt generation
mode.
The counter does not automatically reload. When loading the counter with any valid value of n, except 0:
•
•
•
The flag WTAF is reset (WTAF = 0)
Interrupt is cleared
The watchdog timer starts
When loading the counter with 0:
•
•
•
The flag WTAF is reset (WTAF = 0)
Interrupt is cleared
The watchdog timer stops
WTAF is read only. A read of the register Control 2 (01h) automatically resets WTAF (WTAF = 0) and clears the
interrupt.
Watchdog activates an interrupt when timed out:
TAC[1:0] = 10, WTAIE = 1, WTAF = 1, an interrupt is generated.
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Countdown timer function:
When configured as a countdown timer (TAC[1:0] = 01), timer A counts down from the software programmed 8-bit
binary value n in register Timer A (11h). When the counter reaches 1, the following events occur on the next rising
edge of the timer clock (see figure below):
•
•
•
•
The countdown timer flag CTAF (register Control 2) is set logic 1
When the interrupt generation is enabled (CTAIE = 1), an interrupt signal on INT_1 is generated
The counter automatically reloads
The next timer-period starts
General countdown timer behavior:
In this example, it is assumed that the countdown timer flag (CTAF) is cleared before the next countdown period
expires and that the interrupt output is set to pulse mode.
At the end of every countdown, the timer sets the countdown timer flag CTAF (register Control 2). CTAF may only
be cleared by using the interface. Instructions, how to clear a flag, are given in section 9.5.
When reading the timer, the current countdown value is returned and not the initial value n. Since it is not possible
to freeze the countdown timer counter during read back, it is recommended to read the register twice and check for
consistent results.
If a new value of n is written before the end of the actual timer-period, this value takes immediate effect. It is not
recommended to change n without first disabling the counter by setting TAC[1:0] = 00 (register Timer & CLKOUT).
The update of n is asynchronous to the timer clock. Therefore changing it on the fly could result in a corrupted
value loaded into the countdown counter. This can result in an undetermined countdown period for the first period.
The countdown value n will be correctly stored and correctly loaded on subsequent timer-periods.
Loading the counter with 0 effectively stops the timer.
When starting the countdown timer for the first time, only the first period does not have a fixed duration. The
amount of inaccuracy for the first timer-period depends on the chosen source clock, see next page table.
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First period delay for timer counter value n:
Timer source clock
Minimum timer-period
Maximum timer-period
4.096 kHz
n
n+1
64 Hz
n
n+1
1 Hz
(n - 1) + 1/64 Hz
n + 1/64 Hz
1
(n - 1) + 1/64 Hz
n + 1/64 Hz
1
/60 Hz
1
/3600 Hz
(n - 1) + /64 Hz
n + 1/64 Hz
The generation of interrupts from the countdown timer is controlled via the CTAIE bit (register Control 2).
When the interrupt generation is enabled (CTAIE = 1) and the countdown timer flag CTAF is set logic 1, an
interrupt signal on INT_1 is generated. The interrupt may be generated as a pulsed signal every countdown period
or as a permanently active signal, which follows the condition of CTAF (register Control 2). The TAM bit (register
Timer & CLKOUT) is used to control this mode selection. The interrupt output may be disabled with the CTAIE bit
(register Control 2).
9.9.2.TIMER B
Timer B can only be used as a countdown timer and can be switched on and off by the TBC bit in register Timer &
CLKOUT (0Fh).
The generation of interrupts from the countdown timer is controlled via the CTBIE bit (register Control 2).
When enabled, it counts down from the software programmed 8 bit binary value n in register Timer B (13h). When
the counter reaches 1, on the next rising edge of the timer clock, the following events occur (see figure below):
•
•
•
•
The countdown timer flag CTBF (register Control 2) is set logic 1
When the interrupt generation is enabled (CTBIE = 1), interrupt signals on INT_1 and INT_2 are
generated
The counter automatically reloads
The next timer-period starts
General countdown timer behavior:
In this example, it is assumed that the countdown timer flag (CTAF) is cleared before the next countdown period
expires and that the interrupt output is set to pulse mode.
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At the end of every countdown, the timer sets the countdown timer flag CTBF (register Control 2). CTBF may only
be cleared by using the interface. Instructions, how to clear a flag, are given in section 9.5.
When reading the timer, the current countdown value is returned and not the initial value n. Since it is not possible
to freeze the countdown timer counter during read back, it is recommended to read the register twice and check for
consistent results.
If a new value of n is written before the end of the actual timer-period, this value will take immediate effect. It is not
recommended to change n without first disabling the counter by setting TBC logic 0 (register Timer & CLKOUT).
The update of n is asynchronous to the timer clock. Therefore changing it on the fly could result in a corrupted
value loaded into the countdown counter. This can result in an undetermined countdown period for the first period.
The countdown value n will be correctly stored and correctly loaded on subsequent timer-periods.
Loading the counter with 0 effectively stops the timer.
When starting the countdown timer for the first time, only the first period does not have a fixed duration. The
amount of inaccuracy for the first timer-period depends on the chosen source clock; see section 9.9.1.
When the interrupt generation is enabled (CTBIE = 1) and the countdown timer flag CTAF is set logic 1, interrupt
signals on INT_1 and INT_2 are generated. The interrupt may be generated as a pulsed signal every countdown
period or as a permanently active signal, which follows the condition of CTBF (register Control 2). The TBM bit
(register Timer & CLKOUT) is used to control this mode selection. Interrupt output may be disabled with the CTBIE
bit (register Control 2).
9.9.3.SECOND INTERRUPT TIMER
The RV-8523 has a pre-defined timer, which is used to generate an interrupt once per second. The pulse generator
1
for the second interrupt timer operates from an internal 64 Hz clock and generates a pulse of ⁄64 s in duration. It is
independent of the watchdog or countdown timer and can be switched on and off by the SIE bit in register Control 1
(00h).
The interrupt generated by the second interrupt timer may be generated as pulsed signal every second or as a
permanently active signal. The TAM bit (register Timer & CLKOUT) is used to control the interrupt generation
mode.
When the second interrupt timer is enabled (SIE = 1), then the timer sets the flag SF (register Control 2) every
second (see table below). SF may only be cleared by using the interface. Instructions, how to clear a flag, are given
in section 9.5.
Effect of bit SIE on INT_1 and bit SF:
SIE
Result on INT_1
Result on SF
0
No interrupt generated
SF never set
1
An interrupt once per second
SF set when seconds counter increments
When SF is logic 1:
•
•
If TAM (register Timer & CLKOUT) is logic 1, the interrupt is generated as a pulsed signal every second
If TAM is logic 0, the interrupt is a permanently active signal that remains, until SF is cleared
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Example for second interrupt when TAM = 1:
In this example, bit TAM is set logic 1 and SF flag is not cleared after an interrupt.
Example for second interrupt when TAM = 0:
In this example, bit TAM is set logic 0 and SF flag is cleared after an interrupt.
9.9.4.TIMER INTERRUPT PULSE
The timer interrupt is generated as a pulsed signal when TAM or TBM are set logic 1. The pulse generator for the
timer interrupt also uses an internal clock, but this time it is dependent on the selected source clock for the timer
and on the timer register value n. So, the width of the interrupt pulse varies; see tables below.
Interrupt low pulse width for timer A (pulse mode, bit TAM set logic 1):
Source clock (Hz)
1)
Interrupt pulse width
n = 11)
n > 11)
4096
122 µs
244 µs
64
7.812 ms
15.625 ms
1
15.625 ms
15.625 ms
1
/60
15.625 ms
15.625 ms
1
/3600
15.625 ms
15.625 ms
n = loaded timer register value. Timer stops when n = 0.
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For timer B, interrupt pulse width is programmable via bit TBM (register Timer & CLKOUT).
Interrupt low pulse width for timer B (pulse mode, bit TBM set logic 1):
Source clock (Hz)
1)
2)
Interrupt pulse width
n = 11)
n > 11)
4096
122 µs
244 µs
64
7.812 ms
See section 8.6.4.2)
1
See section 8.6.4.
:
:
:
1
/60
:
1
/3600
:
n = loaded timer register value. Timer stops when n = 0.
If pulse period is shorter than the setting via bit TBW[2:0], the interrupt pulse width is set to 15.625 ms.
When flags like SF, CTAF, WTAF and CTBF are cleared before the end of the interrupt pulse, then the interrupt
pulse is shortened. This allows the source of a system interrupt to be cleared immediately when it is serviced, that
is, the system does not have to wait for the completion of the pulse before continuing; see figures below.
Instructions for clearing flags can be found in section 9.5. Instructions for clearing the bit WTAF can be found in
section 9.9.1.
Example of shortening the INT_1 pulse by clearing the SF flag:
The timing shown for clearing bit SF is also valid for the non-pulsed interrupt mode, that is, when TAM set logic
0, where the INT_1 pulse may be shortened by setting SIE logic 0.
1)
Indicates normal duration of INT_1 pulse.
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Example of shortening the INT_1 pulse by clearing the CTAF flag:
The timing shown for clearing bit CTAF is also valid for the non-pulsed interrupt mode, that is, when TAM set
logic 0, where the INT_1 pulse may be shortened by setting CTAIE logic 0.
1)
Indicates normal duration of INT_1 pulse.
9.10. STOP BIT FUNCTION
The STOP bit function allows the accurate starting of the time circuits. The STOP bit function causes the upper part
of the prescaler (F2 to F14) to be held in reset and thus no 1 Hz ticks are generated. The time circuits can then be
set and do not increment until the STOP bit is released (see figure below).
STOP bit:
STOP does not affect the output of 32.768 kHz, 16.384 kHz or 8.192 kHz (see section 8.6.1.).
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The lower two stages of the prescaler (F0 and F1) are not reset and because the I2C bus interface is asynchronous
to the crystal oscillator, the accuracy of re-starting the time circuits will be between 0 and one 8.192 kHz cycle (see
figure below).
STOP bit release timing:
The first increment of the time circuits is between 0.499878 s and 0.500000 s after STOP is released. The
uncertainty is caused by the prescaler bits F0 and F1 not being reset (see table below).
First increment of the time circuits after STOP release:
Bit
Prescaler bits1)
STOP
F0F1-F2 to F14
1 Hz Tick
Time
hh:mm:ss
Comment
Clock is running normally
0
01-0000111010100
12:45:12
Prescaler counting normally
STOP bit is activated by user; F0 and F1 are not reset and values cannot be predicted externally
1
XX-0000000000000
12:45:12
Prescaler is reset; time circuits are frozen
New time is set by user
1
XX-0000000000000
08:00:00
Prescaler is reset; time circuits are frozen
STOP is released by user
0
08:00:00
XX-0000000000000
Prescaler is now running
08:00:00
0
XX-1000000000000
08:00:00
0
XX-0100000000000
08:00:00
0
XX-1100000000000
:
:
:
:
08:00:00
0
11-1111111111110
08:00:01
0
00-0000000000001
0 to 1 transition of F14 increments the time circuits
08:00:01
0
10-0000000000001
:
:
:
:
0
11-1111111111111
08:00:01
0
00-0000000000000
08:00:01
:
:
:
0
11-1111111111110
08:00:01
0
00-0000000000001
08:00:02
0 to 1 transition of F14 increments the time circuits
1)
F0 is clocked at 32.768 kHz.
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10. CHARACTERISTICS OF THE I2C BUS
The I2C bus is for bidirectional, two-line communication between different ICs or modules. The two lines are a
Serial DAta line (SDA) and a Serial CLock line (SCL). Both lines are connected to a positive supply via pull-up
resistors. Data transfer is initiated only when the bus is not busy.
10.1. BIT TRANSFER
One data bit is transferred during each clock pulse. The data on the SDA line remains stable during the HIGH
period of the clock pulse, as changes in the data line at this time are interpreted as a control signals. Data changes
should be executed during the LOW period of the clock pulse (see figure below).
Bit transfer:
10.2. START AND STOP CONDITIONS
Both data and clock lines remain HIGH when the bus is not busy. A HIGH-to-LOW transition of the data line, while
the clock is HIGH, is defined as the START condition (S). A LOW-to-HIGH transition of the data line, while the clock
is HIGH, is defined as the STOP condition (P) (see figure below).
Definition of START and STOP conditions:
For this device, a repeated START is not allowed. Therefore, a STOP has to be released before the next START.
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10.3. SYSTEM CONFIGURATION
2
2
Since multiple devices can be connected with the I C bus, all I C bus devices have a fixed and unique device
number built-in to allow individual addressing of each device.
2
The device that controls the I C bus is the Master; the devices which are controlled by the Master are the Slaves. A
device generating a message is a Transmitter; a device receiving a message is the Receiver. The RV-8523 acts as
a Slave-Receiver or Slave-Transmitter.
2
Before any data is transmitted on the I C bus, the device which should respond is addressed first. The addressing
is always carried out with the first byte transmitted after the start procedure. The clock signal SCL is only an input
signal, but the data signal SDA is a bidirectional line.
System configuration:
10.4. ACKNOWLEDGE
The number of data bytes transferred between the START and STOP conditions from transmitter to receiver is
unlimited. Each byte of 8 bits is followed by an acknowledge cycle.
•
•
•
•
A slave receiver, which is addressed, must generate an acknowledge cycle after the reception of each byte
Also a master receiver must generate an acknowledge cycle after the reception of each byte that has been
clocked out of the slave transmitter
The device that acknowledges must pull-down the SDA line during the acknowledge clock pulse, so that
the SDA line is stable LOW during the HIGH period of the related acknowledge clock pulse (set-up and
hold times must be considered)
A master receiver must signal an end of data to the transmitter by not generating an acknowledge cycle on
the last byte that has been clocked out of the slave. In this event, the transmitter must leave the data line
HIGH to enable the master to generate a STOP condition
2
Acknowledgement on the I C bus is shown on the figure below.
Acknowledgement on the I2C bus:
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11. I2C BUS PROTOCOL
11.1. ADDRESSING
2
2
One I C bus slave address (1101000) is reserved for the RV-8523. The entire I C bus slave address byte is shown
in the table below:
2
I C salve address byte:
Slave address
7
Bit
6
5
4
3
2
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
MSB
1
0
LSB
R/ W
After a START condition, the I2C slave address has to be sent to the RV-8523 device.
The R/ W bit defines the direction of the following single or multiple byte data transfer. In the write mode, a data
transfer is terminated by sending either the STOP condition or the START condition of the next data transfer.
11.2. CLOCK AND CALENDAR READ AND WRITE CYCLES
11.2.1. WRITE MODE
Master transmits to Slave-Receiver at specified address. The Word Address is 4-bit value that defines which
register is to be accessed next. The upper four bits of the Word Address are not used. After reading or writing one
byte, the Word Address is automatically incremented by 1.
Master sends out the “Start Condition”.
Master sends out the “Slave Address”, D0h for the RV-8523; the R/ W bit in write mode.
Acknowledgement from the RV-8523.
Master sends out the “Word Address” to the RV-8523.
Acknowledgement from the RV-8523.
Master sends out the “data” to write to the specified address in step 4).
Acknowledgement from the RV-8523.
Steps 6) and 7) can be repeated if necessary. The address will be incremented automatically in the RV-8523.
Master sends out the “Stop Condition”.
R/W
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
8)
9)
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11.2.2. READ MODE AT SPECIFIC ADDRESS
Master reads data after setting Word Address:
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
8)
Master sends out the “Start Condition”.
Master sends out the “Slave Address”, D0h for the RV-8523; the R/ W bit in write mode.
Acknowledgement from the RV-8523.
Master sends out the “Word Address” to the RV-8523.
Acknowledgement from the RV-8523.
Master sends out the “Re-Start Condition” (“Stop Condition” followed by “Start Condition”)
Master sends out the “Slave Address”, D1h for the RV-8523; the R/ W bit in read mode.
Acknowledgement from the RV-8523.
At this point, the Master becomes a Receiver, the Slave becomes the Transmitter.
9) The Slave sends out the “data” from the Word Address specified in step 4).
10) Acknowledgement from the Master.
11) Steps 9) and 10) can be repeated if necessary.
The address will be incremented automatically in the RV-8523.
12) The Master, addressed as Receiver, can stop data transmission by not generating an acknowledge on the
last byte that has been sent from the Slave-Transmitter. In this event, the Slave-Transmitter must leave the
data line HIGH to enable the Master to generate a stop condition.
13) Master sends out the “Stop Condition”.
11.2.3. READ MODE
Master reads Slave-Transmitter immediately after first byte:
1) Master sends out the “Start Condition”.
2) Master sends out the “Slave Address”, D1h for the RV-8523; the R/ W bit in read mode.
3) Acknowledgement from the RV-8523.
At this point, the Master becomes a Receiver, the Slave becomes the Transmitter
4) The RV-8523 sends out the “data” from the last accessed Word Address incremented by 1.
5) Acknowledgement from the Master.
6) Steps 4) and 5) can be repeated if necessary.
The address will be incremented automatically in the RV-8523.
7) The Master, addressed as Receiver, can stop data transmission by not generating an acknowledge on the
last byte that has been sent from the Slave-Transmitter. In this event, the Slave-Transmitter must leave the
data line HIGH to enable the Master to generate a stop condition.
8) Master sends out the “Stop Condition”.
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12. ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATING
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
MIN.
MAX.
UNIT
Supply voltage
Battery supply voltage
Input voltage
VDD
VBACKUP
VI
-0.5
-0.5
-0.5
+6.5
+6.5
+6.5
V
V
V
Output voltage
VO
-0.5
+6.5
V
Supply current
DC Input current
IDD
II
-50
-10
+50
+10
mA
mA
DC Output current
IO
-10
-40
-55
+10
+/-2000
+/-1500
100
+85
+125
mA
V
V
mA
°C
°C
TYP.
MAX.
UNIT
+/-10
+/-20
ppm
+/-0.8
+/-1.5
ppm/V
Electrostatic discharge voltage
VESD
Latch-up current
Operating temperature range
Storage temperature range
ILU
TOPR
TSTO
CONDITIONS
HBM1)
CDM2)
3)
Stored as bare product
1)
Pass level; Human Body Model (HBM), according to JESD22-A114.
Pass level; Charged-Device Model (CDM), according to JESD22-C101.
3)
Pass level; latch-up testing, according to JESD78 at maximum ambient temperature (Tamb(max) = +85°C).
2)
13. FREQUENCY CHARACTERISTICS
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
Frequency precision
∆F/F
Frequency vs. voltage characteristics
∆F/V
Frequency vs. temperature characteristics
∆F/FOPR
Turnover temperature
T0
Aging first year max.
VO ∆F/F
Oscillator start-up time
TSTART
CLKOUT duty cycle
δCLKOUT
CONDITIONS
TAMB = +25°C
VDD = 3.0 V
TAMB = +25°C
VDD = 1.8 V to 5.5 V
TREF = +25°C
VDD = 3.0 V
At 25°C
At 25°C
At 25°C
-0.035ppm/°C2 (TOPR-TO)2
+/-10%
+25
+/-5
ppm
°C
+/-3
ppm
350
500
ms
50
40/60
%
13.1. FREQUENCY VS. TEMPERATURE CHARACTERISTICS
20.0
T0 = 25°C (±5°C)
0.0
-20.0
∆F/F [ppm]
-40.0
-60.0
2
-0.035 * (T-T0) ppm (±10%)
-80.0
-100.0
-120.0
-140.0
-160.0
-180.0
-60
-40
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100
T [°C]
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14. DC CHARACTERISTICS
VDD = 1.2 V to 5.5 V; VSS = 0 V; TAMB = -40°C to +85°C; fOSC = 32.768 kHz; unless otherwise specified
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
MIN.
TYP.
MAX.
UNIT
For clock data integrity
I2C bus inactive
1.2
-
5.5
V
I2C bus active
1.6
-
5.5
V
Power management
function active
1.8
-
5.5
V
Power Supply Voltage
Supply voltage
VDD
Slew rate
SR
Battery supply voltage
VBACKUP
Of VDD
Power management
function active
-
-
+/-0.5
V/ms
1.8
-
5.5
V
-
100
200
µA
-
50
100
µA
VDD = 3.0 V
-
130
180
nA
VDD = 2.0 V
-
110
160
nA
IDDO
VDD = 2.0 to 5.0 V
-
-
500
nA
IDD32k
VBACKUP or VDD = 3.0 V
-
1200
-
nA
IDD32k
VBACKUP or VDD = 2.0 to
5.0 V
-
-
3600
nA
IL(bat)
VDD active;
VBACKUP = 3.0 V
-
50
100
nA
2.28
2.5
2.7
V
Power Supply Current
Current consumption
I2C bus active
Current consumption1)
I2C bus inactive (fSCL = 0 Hz)
Interrupts disabled
CLKOUT disabled
Power management fct. disabled
(PM[2:0] = 111)
TAMB = 25°C
Current consumption1)
I2C bus inactive (fSCL = 0 Hz)
Interrupts disabled
CLKOUT disabled
Power management fct. disabled
(PM[2:0] = 111)
TAMB = -40 to +85°C
Current consumption2)
I2C bus inactive (fSCL = 0 Hz)
Interrupts disabled
CLKOUT enabled (32.768 kHz)
Power management fct. enabled
(PM[2:0] = 000)
TAMB = 25°C
Current consumption2)
I2C bus inactive (fSCL = 0 Hz)
Interrupts disabled
CLKOUT enabled (32.768 kHz)
Power management fct. enabled
(PM[2:0] = 000)
TAMB = -40 to +85°C
Battery leakage current
IDD
fSCL = 1000 kHz
VDD = 3.0 V
fSCL = 100 kHz
VDD = 3.0 V
IDDO
Power Management
Battery switch threshold voltage
Vth(sw)bat
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Micro Crystal
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RV-8523
VDD = 1.2 V to 5.5 V; VSS = 0 V; TAMB = -40°C to +85°C; fOSC = 32.768 kHz; unless otherwise specified
Inputs3)
LOW level input voltage
HIGH level input voltage
Input voltage
VIL
VIH
VI
Input leakage current
ILI
Input capacitance4)
Outputs
CI
Output voltage
VO
LOW level output voltage
VOL
VI = VDD or VSS
Post ESD event
On pins INT_1 , INT_2 ,
CLKOUT, SDA (refers to
ext. pull-up voltage)
70% VDD
-0.5
-1
-
0
-
30% VDD
VDD +0.5
+1
7
V
V
V
nA
µA
pF
-0.5
-
5.5
V
VSS
-
0.4
V
1.5
-
-
mA
20
-
-
mA
-1
0
-
+1
nA
µA
Output sink current;
LOW level output current5)
Output leakage current
IOL
ILO
On pins INT_1 , INT_2 ,
CLKOUT
VOL = 0.4 V; VDD = 5.0 V
On pin SDA
VOL = 0.4 V; VDD = 3.0 V
VO = VDD or VSS
Post ESD event
1)
Timer source clock = 1/3600 Hz, level of pins SCL and SDA is VDD or VSS.
When the device is supplied via the VBACKUP pin instead of the VDD pin, the current values for IBACKUP will be as specified for IDD under the same
conditions.
3)
The I2C bus is 5 V tolerant.
4)
Implicit by design.
5)
Tested on sample basis.
2)
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RV-8523
15. I2C BUS INTERFACE TIMING
All timing characteristics are valid within the operating supply voltage and ambient temperature range and
reference to 30% and 70% with an input voltage swing of VSS to VDD (see figure below).
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
STANDARD
MODE
FAST MODE
(FM)
FAST MODE
PLUS (FM+)1)
MIN.
MAX.
MIN.
MAX.
MIN.
MAX.
UNIT
Pin SCL
SCL clock frequency2)
LOW period of the SCL clock
fSCL
tLOW
4.7
100
-
1.3
400
-
0.5
1000
-
kHz
µs
HIGH period of the SCL clock
Pin SDA
Data setup time
Data hold time
Pins SCL and SDA
tHIGH
4.0
-
0.6
-
0.26
-
µs
tSU;DAT
tHD;DAT
250
0
-
100
0
-
50
0
-
ns
ns
tBUF
tSU;STO
tHD;STA
tSU;STA
tr
tf
Cb
tVD;ACK
tVD;DAT
4.7
4.0
4.0
4.7
-
1000
300
400
3.45
3.45
1.3
0.6
0.6
0.6
20+0.1Cb
-
300
300
400
0.9
0.9
0.5
0.26
0.26
0.26
-
120
120
550
0.45
0.45
µs
µs
µs
µs
ns
ns
pF
µs
µs
-
50
-
50
-
50
ns
Bus free time between STOP and START condition
Setup time for STOP condition
Hold time (repeated) START condition
Setup time for a repeated START condition
Rise time of both SDA and SCL signals3) 4)
Fall time of both SDA and SCL signals3) 4)
Capacitive load for each bus line
Data valid acknowledge time5)
Data valid time6)
Pulse width of spikes that must be suppressed by
the input filter7)
tSP
20+0.1Cb
1)
Fast mode plus guaranteed at 3.0 V < VDD < 5.5 V.
The minimum SCL clock frequency is limited by the bus time-out feature, which resets the serial bus interface if either the SDA or SCL is held
LOW for a minimum of 25 ms. The bus time-out feature must be disabled for DC operation.
3)
A master device must internally provide a hold time of at least 300 ns for the SDA signal (refer to the VIL of the SCL signal) in order to bridge
the undefined region of the falling edge of SCL.
4)
The maximum tf for the SDA and SCL bus lines is 300 ns. The maximum fall time for the SDA output stage, tf is 250 ns. This allows series
protection resistors to be connected between the SDA pin, the SCL pin and the SDA/SCL bus lines without exceeding the maximum tf.
5)
tVD;ACK = time for acknowledgement signal from SCL LOW to SDA output LOW.
6)
tVD;DAT = minimum time for valid SDA output following SCL LOW.
7)
Input filters on the SDA and SCL inputs suppress noise spikes of less than 50 ns.
2)
15.1. TIMING DIAGRAM
Rise and fall times refer to 30% and 70%.
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16. APPLICATION DIAGRAM
R1 and C1 are recommended to limit the slew rate (SR, see section 14.) of VDD. If VDD drops to fast, the internal
supply switch to the battery is not guaranteed.
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RV-8523
17. RECOMMENDED REFLOW TEMPERATURE (LEADFREE SOLDERING)
Maximum Reflow Conditions in accordance with IPC/JEDEC J-STD-020C “Pb-free”
Temperature Profile
Average ramp-up rate
Ramp down Rate
Time 25°C to Peak Temperature
Preheat
Temperature min
Temperature max
Time Tsmin to Tsmax
Soldering above liquidus
Temperature liquidus
Time above liquidus
Peak temperature
Peak Temperature
Time within 5°C of peak temperature
Symbol
(Tsmax to Tp)
Tcool
Tto-peak
Condition
3°C / second max
6°C / second max
8 minutes max
Unit
°C / s
°C / s
m
Tsmin
Tsmax
ts
150
200
60 - 180
°C
°C
Sec
TL
tL
217
60 – 150
°C
sec
Tp
tp
260
20 - 40
°C
sec
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RV-8523
18. PACKAGE
18.1. DIMENSIONS AND SOLDERPADS LAYOUT
C3 Package:
Package dimensions (bottom view):
Recommended solderpad layout:
All dimensions in mm typical.
18.2. MARKING AND PIN #1 INDEX
C3 Package:
8523
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Micro Crystal
Real Time Clock / Calendar Module
RV-8523
19. PACKING INFORAMTION
19.1. CARRIER TAPE
12 mm Carrier-Tape:
Material:
Polystyrene / Butadine or Polystyrol black, conductive
Cover Tape:
Base Material:
Adhesive Material:
Polyester, conductive 0.061 mm
Pressure-sensitive Synthetic Polymer
C3 Package:
User Direction of Feed
Tape Leader and Trailer: 300 mm minimum.
All dimensions in mm.
19.2. PARTS PER REEL
C3 Package:
Reels:
Diameter
7”
7”
Material
Plastic, Polystyrol
Plastic, Polystyrol
RTC’s per reel
1’000
3’000
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Micro Crystal
Real Time Clock / Calendar Module
RV-8523
19.3. REEL 7 INCH FOR 12 mm TAPE
Reel:
Diameter
7”
Material
Plastic, Polystyrol
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Micro Crystal
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RV-8523
20. HANDLING PRECAUTIONS FOR CRYSTALS OR MODULES WITH EMBEDDED
CRYSTALS
The built-in tuning-fork crystal consists of pure Silicon Dioxide in crystalline form. The cavity inside the package is
evacuated and hermetically sealed in order for the crystal blank to function undisturbed from air molecules,
humidity and other influences.
Shock and vibration:
Keep the crystal / module from being exposed to excessive mechanical shock and vibration. Micro Crystal
guarantees that the crystal / module will bear a mechanical shock of 5000g / 0.3 ms.
The following special situations may generate either shock or vibration:
Multiple PCB panels - Usually at the end of the pick & place process the single PCBs are cut out with a router.
These machines sometimes generate vibrations on the PCB that have a fundamental or harmonic frequency
close to 32.768 kHz. This might cause breakage of crystal blanks due to resonance. Router speed should be
adjusted to avoid resonant vibration.
Ultrasonic cleaning - Avoid cleaning processes using ultrasonic energy. These processes can damages
crystals due to mechanical resonance of the crystal blank.
Overheating, rework high temperature exposure:
Avoid overheating the package. The package is sealed with a seal ring consisting of 80% Gold and 20% Tin. The
eutectic melting temperature of this alloy is at 280°C. Heating the seal ring up to >280°C will cause melting of the
metal seal which then, due to the vacuum, is sucked into the cavity forming an air duct. This happens when using
hot-air-gun set at temperatures >300°C.
Use the following methods for rework:
•
•
Use a hot-air- gun set at 270°C.
Use 2 temperature controlled soldering irons, set at 270°C, with special-tips to contact all solder-joints from
both sides of the package at the same time, remove part with tweezers when pad solder is liquid.
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RV-8523
21. DOCUMENT REVISION HISTORY
Date
Revision #
Revision Details
January 2013
1.0
First release
Information furnished is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, Micro Crystal assumes no
responsibility for the consequences of use of such information nor for any infringement of patents or other
rights of third parties which may result from its use. In accordance with our policy of continuous
development and improvement, Micro Crystal reserves the right to modify specifications mentioned in this
publication without prior notice. This product is not authorized for use as critical component in life support
devices or systems.
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