MP4033 TRIAC Dimmable, Primary Side Control Offline LED Controller with Active PFC The Future of Analog IC Technology DESCRIPTION FEATURES The MP4033 is a TRIAC-dimmable primaryside–control, offline LED lighting controller with active PFC. It is also available for applications that requires analog dimming with PWM input. It outputs an accurate LED current for an isolated lighting application with a single-stage converter. The proprietary real-current–control method accurately controls the LED current using primary-side information. • The MP4033 implements power-factor correction and works in boundary-conduction mode to reduce MOSFET switching losses. The adaptive dimmer type detection and phasecut-based dimming control achieves good dimmer compatibility and deep dimming range. The MP4033 has an integrated charging circuit at the supply pin for fast start-up without a perceptible delay. With the unique control of the driver pin DIM, the MP4033 supports color temperature and brightness control for warm sunset dimming application The MP4033 has multiple protections that greatly enhance system reliability and safety, including output over-voltage protection, output short-circuit protection, winding short circuit protection, programmable thermal fold-back (MSOP10/SOIC14), ZCD pin short circuit protection, supply-pin under-voltage lockout, and over-temperature protection. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Primary-Side-Control without Requiring a Secondary-Side Feedback Circuit Adaptive Dimmer Type Detection and Phase-Cut-Based Dimming Control Good Dimmer Compatibility and Deep Dimming Range Analog Dimming with PWM Input Fast Start-Up without Perceptible Delay Programmable Current Fold-back to Prolong the LED lifetime (NTC) Color Temperature and Brightness Control for Warm Sunset Dimming application Accurate Line & Load Regulation High Power Factor Operates in Boundary Conduction Mode Cycle-by-Cycle Current Limit Winding Short Circuit Protection Output Over-Voltage Protection Output Short-Circuit Protection ZCD Pin Short-Circuit Protection Over-Temperature Protection Available in SOIC-8/MSOP-10/SOIC-14 Package APPLICATIONS • • • Solid-State Lighting up to 50W Industrial and Commercial Lighting Residential Lighting All MPS parts are lead-free and adhere to the RoHS directive. For MPS green status, please visit MPS website under Products, Quality Assurance page. “MPS” and “The Future of Analog IC Technology” are registered trademarks of Monolithic Power Systems, Inc. All fault protections feature auto-restart. The MP4033 is available in SOIC-8 / MSOP-10 / SOIC-14 package. MP4033 Rev. 1.0 10/22/2014 www.MonolithicPower.com MPS Proprietary Information. Patent Protected. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited. © 2014 MPS. All Rights Reserved. 1 MP4033—PRIMARY-SIDE–CONTROL, OFFLINE LED CONTROLLER WITH PFC TYPICAL APPLICATION SOIC8 Dimmer Vac DAMP MULT VCC ZCD DIM D S COMP GND NTC Opto-coupler Circuit SOIC14 and MSOP10 MP4033 Rev. 1.0 10/22/2014 www.MonolithicPower.com MPS Proprietary Information. Patent Protected. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited. © 2014 MPS. All Rights Reserved. 2 MP4033—PRIMARY-SIDE–CONTROL, OFFLINE LED CONTROLLER WITH PFC ORDERING INFORMATION Part Number MP4033GS* MP4033GK** MP4033GSE*** Package SOIC-8 MSOP-10 SOIC-14 Top Marking See Below * For Tape & Reel, add suffix –Z (e.g. MP4033GS–Z) ** For Tape & Reel, add suffix –Z (e.g. MP4033GK–Z) *** For Tape & Reel, add suffix –Z (e.g. MP4033GSE–Z) TOP MARKING (SOIC-8) MP4033: first six digits of the part number; LLLLLLLL: lot number; MPS : MPS prefix: Y: year code; WW: week code: TOP MARKING (MSOP-10) Y: year code; W: week code: LLL: lot number; M4033: first five digits of the part number; TOP MARKING (SOIC-14) MPS : MPS prefix: YY: year code; WW: week code: MP4033: first six digits of the part number; LLLLLLLLL: lot number; MP4033 Rev. 1.0 10/22/2014 www.MonolithicPower.com MPS Proprietary Information. Patent Protected. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited. © 2014 MPS. All Rights Reserved. 3 MP4033—PRIMARY-SIDE–CONTROL, OFFLINE LED CONTROLLER WITH PFC PACKAGE REFERENCE TOP VIEW TOP VIEW TOP VIEW MULT 1 8 COMP ZCD 2 7 GND VCC 3 6 S DAMP 4 5 D NC 1 14 NC MULT 2 13 COMP GND ZCD 3 12 GND VCC 4 11 NTC MULT 1 10 COMP ZCD 2 9 VCC 3 8 NTC DAMP 4 7 S DAMP 5 10 S DIM 5 6 D DIM 6 9 D NC 7 8 NC MSOP10 SOIC8 SOIC14 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS (1) Thermal Resistance Input Voltage VCC ....................... -0.3V to +30V Low-Side MOSFET Drain to Source Voltage ................................................... -0.7V to +30V Damp Pin Voltage .................... -0.3V to +16.5V Other Analog Inputs and Outputs .. -0.3V to 6.5V ZCD Pin Current ......................... -5mA to +5mA Continuous Power Dissipation (TJ = +25°C)(2) SOIC8........................................................1.3W SOIC14 .................................................... 1.45W MSOP10 .................................................. 0.83W Junction Temperature .............................. 150°C Lead Temperature ................................... 260°C Storage Temperature ............... -65°C to +150°C SOIC8 ................................... 96 ...... 45 ... °C/W MSOP10 .............................. 150 ..... 65 ... °C/W SOIC14 ................................. 86 ...... 38 ... °C/W Recommended Operating Conditions (3) Supply Voltage VCC ........................ 11V to 27V Operating Junction Temp (TJ). . -40°C to +125°C MP4033 Rev. 1.0 10/22/2014 (4) θJA θJC Notes: 1) Exceeding these ratings may damage the device. 2) The maximum allowable power dissipation is a function of the maximum junction temperature TJ (MAX), the junction-toambient thermal resistance θJA, and the ambient temperature TA. The maximum allowable continuous power dissipation at any ambient temperature is calculated by PD (MAX) = (TJ (MAX)-TA)/θJA. Exceeding the maximum allowable power dissipation will cause excessive die temperature, and the regulator will go into thermal shutdown. Internal thermal shutdown circuitry protects the device from permanent damage. 3) The device is not guaranteed to function outside of its operating conditions. 4) Measured on JESD51-7, 4-layer PCB. www.MonolithicPower.com MPS Proprietary Information. Patent Protected. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited. © 2014 MPS. All Rights Reserved. 4 MP4033—PRIMARY-SIDE–CONTROL, OFFLINE LED CONTROLLER WITH PFC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS Typical values are VCC =20V, TJ = 25°C, unless otherwise noted. Minimum and maximum values are at VCC =20V, TJ = -40°C to +125°C, unless otherwise noted, guaranteed by characterization. Parameter Symbol Condition Min Typ Max Units Supply Voltage VCC Operating Range VCC Upper Level: Internal Charging Circuit Stops and IC Turns On VCC Lower Level: Internal Charging Circuit Triggers Vcc Re-charge and IC turns off Level in Fault Condition Supply Current VCC Charging Current from D Pull Down Current at VCC_UVLO 11 27 V VCCH 9.5 10 10.5 V VCCL 8.55 9 9.45 V 6.55 7 7.45 V 13 25 40 mA 0.95 1.25 1.8 mA 800 1300 µA 340 620 µA 1 2 mA 3 V VCCEN ID charge Fault condition VD=16V, VCC=5V IVCC_PULL _DOWN VCC=9V, Rising IQ No switching, VCC=15V IQ_FAULT ICC Fault condition, IC latch, VCC=15V fs =70kHz, VCC=15V VMULT VCOMP from 1.9V to 4.9V Quiescent Current Quiescent Current at Fault After turn on Operating Current 220 Multiplier Linear Operation Range VCOMP=2V, VMULT=0.5V 0.90 1.28 1.60 1/V VCOMP=2V, VMULT=1.5V 0.90 1.25 1.60 1/V VCOMP=2V, VMULT=3V 0.90 1.24 1.60 1/V VMULT_OFF 0.08 0.10 0.12 V VMULT_ON 0.26 0.28 0.30 V DOFF_LEB 28% 30% 33% (5) Gain K TRIAC Dimming Phase Off Detection Threshold TRIAC Dimming Phase On Detection Threshold TRIAC Dimming Off Line-Cycle Blanking Ratio Dimming Pull-Down Turn on Threshold Dimming Pull-Down Turn off Threshold Leading Edge Dimming Detection Low Threshold Leading Edge Dimming Detection High Threshold MP4033 Rev. 1.0 10/22/2014 0 VMULT DP ON TL Trailing edge dimmer 0.43 0.45 0.47 V VMULT DP ON LD Leading edge dimmer 0.22 0.25 0.28 V VMULT DP OFF TL Trailing edge dimmer 0.26 0.28 0.30 V VMULT DP OFF LD Leading edge dimmer 0.32 0.35 0.38 V VMULT_LD_LOW 0.08 0.10 0.12 V VMULT_LD_HIGH 0.26 0.28 0.30 V www.MonolithicPower.com MPS Proprietary Information. Patent Protected. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited. © 2014 MPS. All Rights Reserved. 5 MP4033—PRIMARY-SIDE–CONTROL, OFFLINE LED CONTROLLER WITH PFC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) Typical values are VCC =20V, TJ = 25°C, unless otherwise noted. Minimum and maximum values are at VCC =20V, TJ = -40°C to +125°C, unless otherwise noted, guaranteed by characterization. Parameter Symbol Trailing Edge Dimming Detection High Threshold VMULT_TL_HIGH Condition Rising, VMULT_PK≥0.58V Falling, VMULT PK≥0.50V Rising, 0.58V>VMULT_PK≥0.53V Falling, 0.50V>VMULT PK≥0.45V Rising, 0.53V>VMULT_PK≥0.48V Falling, (6) 0.45V> VMULT PK≥0.40V Min Typ Max Units 0.43 0.45 0.47 V 0.38 0.4 0.42 V Rising, 0.48V>VMULT_PK≥0.43V Falling, (6) 0.40V>VMULT PK≥0.35V Rising, 0.43V>VMULT_PK≥0.38V Falling, (6) 0.35V>VMULT PK≥0.30V Trailing Edge Dimming Detection V MULT_TL_H_HYS High Threshold Hysteresis Trailing Edge Dimming Detection V MULT_TL_LOW Low Threshold Leading Edge dimmer detection tLEADING Rising Time threshold Trailing Edge dimmer detection Falling tTRAILING Time threshold 0.35 V 0.3 V 0.25 V 80 mV 0.08 0.10 0.12 V 86 100 134 µs 388 450 602 µs 0.400 0.414 0.428 V Error Amplifier Reference Voltage VREF Transconductance GEA Guaranteed by design VCOMPL_LD Leading edge dimmer 1.83 1.88 1.94 V VCOMPL_TL Trailing edge dimmer 1.53 1.58 1.64 V VCOMPL_N No dimmer 1.53 1.58 1.64 V VCOMPL_NTC≤1.0V NTC≤1.0V 1.44 1.49 1.55 V COMP Lower Clamp Voltage 130 µA/V Max. Source Current ICOMP+ 57 µA Max. Sink Current without Dimmer ICOMP- 200 µA Sink Current at TRIAC Dimming Off MP4033 Rev. 1.0 10/22/2014 ISINK_DIM_LD Leading Edge Dimmer 85.50 µA ISINK_DIM_TL Trailing Edge Dimmer 155 µA www.MonolithicPower.com MPS Proprietary Information. Patent Protected. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited. © 2014 MPS. All Rights Reserved. 6 MP4033—PRIMARY-SIDE–CONTROL, OFFLINE LED CONTROLLER WITH PFC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) Typical values are VCC =20V, TJ = 25°C, unless otherwise noted. Minimum and maximum values are at VCC =20V, TJ = -40°C to +125°C, unless otherwise noted, guaranteed by characterization. Parameter Symbol Condition Min Typ Max Units Current Sense Comparator Leading-Edge-Blanking Time tLEB 350 500 750 ns Over-Current-Protection Leading-Edge-Blanking Time Over-Current-Protection Threshold Current Sense Upper Clamp Voltage Current Sense Lower Clamp Voltage tLEB_OCP 260 350 550 ns VOCP 2.56 2. 70 2.86 V VS CLAMP H 1.97 2.07 2.17 V VS CLAMP L 0.01 0.035 0.09 V 0.27 0.30 0.33 V 550 590 625 mV 78 100 122 mV Zero-Current Detector Zero-Current–Detect Threshold VZCD T Zero-Current–Detect Hysteresis VZCD ZCD Pin Short Circuit Threshold ZCD Pin Short Circuit Blanking time VZCD_SC Zero-Current–Detect LEB Over-Voltage Threshold OVP Detect LEB Minimum Off Time Weak/Strong DP Mode detector current (for leading edge dimmer) Strong DP Mode Enable Threshold (for leading edge dimmer) Weak/Strong DP Mode Detection Time (for leading edge dimmer) Falling Edge HYS tZCD_SC_LEB tZCD_LEB VZCD 33 Starts at Gate Turn Off when VMULT O ≥0.25V 1.90 2.30 3.36 µs Starts at Gate Turn Off when VMULT 0 <0.25V 0.95 1.18 1.68 µs 4.90 5.30 5.70 V Starts at Gate Turn Off when VMULT O≥0.25V 1.90 2.30 3.36 µs Starts at Gate Turn Off when VMULT O <0.25V 0.95 1.18 1.68 µs 4 5.3 8 µs OVP tOVP_LEB tOFF_MIN ms Normal NTC≤1.0V 10 µs IDP_DET_LD 140 180 220 µA VEN_DP_STR_LD 1.13 1.18 1.23 V tDP_DET_LD 150 215 320 µs tSTART 100 130 165 µs Starter Start Timer Period MP4033 Rev. 1.0 10/22/2014 www.MonolithicPower.com MPS Proprietary Information. Patent Protected. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited. © 2014 MPS. All Rights Reserved. 7 MP4033—PRIMARY-SIDE–CONTROL, OFFLINE LED CONTROLLER WITH PFC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) Typical values are VCC =20V, TJ = 25°C, unless otherwise noted. Minimum and maximum values are at VCC =20V, TJ = -40°C to +125°C, unless otherwise noted, guaranteed by characterization. Parameter Symbol Condition Min VGS=0 30 Typ Max Units Internal Main MOSFET Breakdown Voltage BVDSS Drain-Source On-Resistor RDS(ON)_MAIN MAIN V ID=100mA, TJ=25 °C, 250 mΩ ID=100mA, TJ=25 °C, VCC= VCCEN +50mV 250 mΩ Internal OVP Pull Up MOSFET Breakdown Voltage Continue Drain Current BVDSS D VCC ID_D-VCC 30 V 10 17 27 mA 27 35 43 mA 8 10 12 mA 133 150 167 mA Internal Dimming Pull Down Current Source Strong Dimming Pull Down IDP_STRONG_LD Current for leading edge dimmer Weak Dimming Pull Down IDP_WEAK_LD Current for leading edge dimmer Pull Down Current for Trailing IDP_TL edge dimmer Min Clamp Ratio of Pull Down Current for Trailing edge dimmer (I_Min/I_Normal) NTC 13% High Threshold Voltage VH_NTC 1.14 1.2 1.36 V Low Threshold Voltage VL_NTC 0.70 0.80 0.90 V Shutdown Threshold VSD_NTC 0.32 0.38 0.44 V Shutdown Voltage Hysteresis VSD_NTC_HSY 80 100 120 mV Pull Up Current Source IPULL_UP_NTC 42 52 62 µA Leakage Current ILEAKAGE_NTC 1 µA PWM Dimming Blanking Time DAMP Turn Off Threshold Turn On Threshold Pull Down Current Pull Up Current Upper Clamp Voltage Min Pull Up Voltage MP4033 Rev. 1.0 10/22/2014 tPWM_LEB VMULT DAMP OFF VMULT DAMP ON IDAMP PULL DOWN VDAMP=5V IDAMP PULL UP VDAMP=0.3V VDAMP CLAMP UP VCC= VCCEN +50mV VDAMP_MIN 20 0.22 0.32 290 70 13 0.25 0.35 370 90 15 5.7 www.MonolithicPower.com MPS Proprietary Information. Patent Protected. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited. © 2014 MPS. All Rights Reserved. ms 0.28 0.38 450 110 16.5 V V µA µA V V 8 MP4033—PRIMARY-SIDE–CONTROL, OFFLINE LED CONTROLLER WITH PFC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) Typical values are VCC =20V, TJ = 25°C, unless otherwise noted. Minimum and maximum values are at VCC =20V, TJ = -40°C to +125°C, unless otherwise noted, guaranteed by characterization. Parameter DIM Source Current Sink Current High Level Symbol Condition IDIM SOURCE IDIM SINK VDIM HIGH Low Level Min Typ Max Units 2 1.5 5.0 3 2.8 4 4 6.1 mA mA V 0.3 V VDIM_LOW Thermal Shutdown (6) Thermal Shutdown Threshold TSD 150 ℃ Thermal Shutdown Recovery (6 Hysteresis THYS 25 ℃ Notes: 5) The multiplier output is given by: Vs=K•VMULT• (VCOMP-1.5) 6) Guaranteed by characterization. 7) Guaranteed by design. MP4033 Rev. 1.0 10/22/2014 www.MonolithicPower.com MPS Proprietary Information. Patent Protected. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited. © 2014 MPS. All Rights Reserved. 9 MP4033—PRIMARY-SIDE–CONTROL, OFFLINE LED CONTROLLER WITH PFC TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS Reference Voltage vs. Junction Temperature 0.4170 VREF (V) 0.4165 0.4160 0.4155 0.4150 0.4145 -50 MP4033 Rev. 1.0 10/22/2014 0 50 100 150 www.MonolithicPower.com MPS Proprietary Information. Patent Protected. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited. © 2014 MPS. All Rights Reserved. 10 MP4033—PRIMARY-SIDE–CONTROL, OFFLINE LED CONTROLLER WITH PFC TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS Based on the EVB model: EV4033-K-00A, isolated flyback converter, 230VAC/50Hz input, 24V/420mA output, TA=25°C, unless otherwise noted. MP4033 Rev. 1.0 10/22/2014 www.MonolithicPower.com MPS Proprietary Information. Patent Protected. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited. © 2014 MPS. All Rights Reserved. 11 MP4033—PRIMARY-SIDE–CONTROL, OFFLINE LED CONTROLLER WITH PFC TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS (continued) Based on the EVB model: EV4033-K-00A, isolated flyback converter, 230VAC/50Hz input, 24V/420mA output, TA=25°C, unless otherwise noted. MP4033 Rev. 1.0 10/22/2014 www.MonolithicPower.com MPS Proprietary Information. Patent Protected. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited. © 2014 MPS. All Rights Reserved. 12 MP4033—PRIMARY-SIDE–CONTROL, OFFLINE LED CONTROLLER WITH PFC TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS (continued) Based on the EVB model: EV4033-K-00A, isolated flyback converter, 230VAC/50Hz input, 24V/420mA output, TA=25°C, unless otherwise noted. MP4033 Rev. 1.0 10/22/2014 www.MonolithicPower.com MPS Proprietary Information. Patent Protected. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited. © 2014 MPS. All Rights Reserved. 13 MP4033—PRIMARY-SIDE–CONTROL, OFFLINE LED CONTROLLER WITH PFC PIN FUNCTIONS Pin # Name Description SOIC-8 SOIC-14 MSOP-10 1 2 1 MULT 2 3 2 ZCD 3 4 3 VCC 4 5 4 DAMP NA 6 5 DIM 5 9 6 D 6 10 7 S NA 11 8 NTC 7 12 9 GND 8 13 10 COMP 1,7,8,14 MP4033 Rev. 1.0 10/22/2014 One of the Internal Multiplier’s Input. Connect to the tap of resistor divider from the rectified voltage of the AC line. The half-wave sinusoid signal on this pin provides a reference signal for the internal current control loop. The MULT pin is also used for dimmer type detection and dimming phase detection. Zero-Current Detection. A negative going edge triggers the internal MOSFET’s turn-on signal. Connect to the tap of a resistor divider from the auxiliary winding to GND. The over-voltage condition is detected in ZCD pin. Over-voltage occurs if VZCD exceeds the over-voltageprotection (OVP) threshold after a blanking time when the internal MOSFET turns off. The ZCD pin is also used to select the Strong/Weak Dimming Pull Down Current in leading edge dimming. Besides, the ZCD itself has short circuit protection to prevent the device damage when output is open and ZCD pin is short. Supply Voltage. Supply power for both the control signal and the internal MOSFET’s gate driver. Connect this pin to an external bulk capacitor— typically 22µF. Gate Control pin of the external Damping MOSFET. Gate driver. This is the DIM signal from internal control logic, it is used to control the color temperature and brightness for warm sunset dimming or drive an external dummy Load to enlarge the dimming depth.. Internal Low-Side main MOSFET Drain. It is connected to the source of the external high-side main MOSFET. This pin is also internally connected to VCC thro a diode and a JFET to form an internal charging circuit for VCC. There is a series-connected MOS and diode internally to pull up the D to VCC at fault condition to turn off the main switch reliably. There is an intelligent Dimming Pull Down Current Source on this pin. Internal Low-Side main MOSFET Source. Connect a resistor from this pin to GND to sense the internal MOSFET current. An internal comparator compares the resulting voltage to the internal sinusoid shaped current reference signal to determine when the MOSFET turns off. If the voltage exceeds the upper current-clamp threshold after the leading edge blanking time during the turn-on interval, the gate signal turns off. Over-current occurs if Vs exceeds OCP Voltage during the gate-on interval after the OCP lead edge blanking time. LED temperature protection input. Connecting a NTC resistor from this pin to GND reduces the output current in high ambient temperature to protect the LED and driver. Analog dimming is accomplished with an external PWM signal through a resistor. A 1kΩ resistor is recommended. Ground. Current return of the control signal and power signal. Loop Compensation. Connect it to a compensation network to stabilize the LED driver and accurately control the LED driver current. NC www.MonolithicPower.com MPS Proprietary Information. Patent Protected. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited. © 2014 MPS. All Rights Reserved. 14 MP4033—PRIMARY-SIDE–CONTROL, OFFLINE LED CONTROLLER WITH PFC FUNCTION DIAGRAM Figure 1: MP4033 Function Block Diagram MP4033 Rev. 1.0 10/22/2014 www.MonolithicPower.com MPS Proprietary Information. Patent Protected. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited. © 2014 MPS. All Rights Reserved. 15 MP4033—PRIMARY-SIDE–CONTROL, OFFLINE LED CONTROLLER WITH PFC OPERATION The MP4033 is a TRIAC-dimmable primary-side– control, offline LED controller designed for highperformance LED lighting. The MP4033 accurately controls the LED current using the real-current–control method based on primaryside information. The adaptive dimmer type detection and phase-cut-based dimming control bring good dimmer compatibility and deep dimming range. It also achieves a high power factor to eliminate noise pollution on the AC line. The integrated VCC charging circuit achieves fast start-up without any perceptible delay. The programmable thermal current fold back function prolongs the lifetime of the LED. With duty ratio varies with dimming cycle, the DIM pin easily supports color temperature and brightness control for warm sunset dimming application. The MP4033 is also available for analog dimming with PWM input. Boundary-Conduction Mode During the external MOSFET on time (τON), the rectified input voltage applied on the primary-side inductor (Lm) makes the primary current thru Lm increase linearly from zero to the peak value (Ipk), then the external MOSFET turns off. The energy stored in Lm forces the secondary side rectifier diode to turn on, and the inductor current decreases linearly from the peak value to zero. VD S turn on VAC line Ip I s/N Ton Toff VZCD 0 Figure 2: Boundary-Conduction Mode MP4033 Rev. 1.0 10/22/2014 The zero-current detector generates the external MOSFET turn-on signal when the ZCD voltage falls below VZCD_T after a blanking time tZCD_LEB and ensures the MOSFET turns on at a relatively low voltage (see Figure 3). Figure 3: Zero-Current Detector As a result, there are relatively small primary switching on losses and no secondary-diode reverse-recovery losses. This ensures high efficiency and low EMI noise. Real-Current Control The proprietary real-current–control method allows the MP4033 to control the secondary-side LED current based on primary-side information. The approximate output LED mean current can be calculated as: VAC line + N V OUT Inductor current When the current decreases to zero, the voltage drop on the main MOSFET drain-to-source falls and oscillates. The oscillation frequency is determined by the primary side inductor and the combined parasitic capacitances. The resonance is reflected on the auxiliary winding (see Figure 2). Io ≈ N ⋅ VREF 2 ⋅ Rs Where: • N is the turn ratio of the primary side to the secondary side, • VREF is the internal reference voltage (typically 0.414), and • Rs is the sense resistor between the internal MOSFET source and GND. www.MonolithicPower.com MPS Proprietary Information. Patent Protected. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited. © 2014 MPS. All Rights Reserved. 16 MP4033—PRIMARY-SIDE–CONTROL, OFFLINE LED CONTROLLER WITH PFC Power-Factor Correction The MULT pin is connected to the tap of a resistor divider from the rectified instantaneous line voltage, driving a sinusoidal multiplier output. This signal provides the reference for the current comparator, which shapes the primary-peak current into a sinusoid and has the same phase with the input line voltage. This guarantees a high power factor. Multiplier output to send a turn-on signal after tSTART, the starter will automatically send a turn-on signal to avoid unnecessary shutdown. Minimum OFF Time The MP4033 operates with a variable switching frequency; the frequency changes with the instantaneous input line voltage. In order to limit the maximum frequency and get a good EMI performance, the MP4033 employs an internal minimum off time. Inductor current Figure 4: Power-Factor Correction The multiplier’s maximum output voltage to the current comparator is clamped to VS_CLAMP_H to limit the cycle-by-cycle current. The multiplier’s minimum output voltage is clamped to VS_CLAMP_L to ensure a turn-on signal during the TRIAC dimming OFF interval, which pulls down the rectifier input voltage and accurately detects the dimming phase. VCC Timing Sequence The VCC timing sequence is shown in Figure5. Initially, VCC charges through the internal charging circuit from the AC line. When VCC reaches VCCH, the internal charging circuit stops charging, the control logic initializes and the internal main MOSFET begins to switch. The auxiliary winding takes over the power supply. However, the initial auxiliary-winding positive voltage may not be large enough to charge VCC, causing VCC to drop. Instead, if the VCC voltage drops below VCCL threshold, the internal charging circuit triggers and charges VCC to VCCH again. This cycle repeats until the auxiliary winding voltage is high enough to power VCC. Figure 5: VCC Timing Sequence Leading-Edge Blanking In order to avoid premature switching-pulse termination due to the parasitic capacitances discharging when the MOSFET turns on, an internal leading-edge-blanking (LEB) time is introduced on S pin. The current comparator blocks the input path from S pin during the blanking time. Figure 6 shows the leading-edge blanking. VS t LEB If any fault occurs during this time, the switching and the internal charging circuit stop, and VCC drops. When VCC decreases below VCCEN, the internal re-charge is enabled to auto-restart. t Figure 6: Leading-Edge Blanking Auto Start The MP4033 contains an auto starter that starts timing when the MOSFET turns off. If ZCD fails MP4033 Rev. 1.0 10/22/2014 www.MonolithicPower.com MPS Proprietary Information. Patent Protected. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited. © 2014 MPS. All Rights Reserved. 17 MP4033—PRIMARY-SIDE–CONTROL, OFFLINE LED CONTROLLER WITH PFC Output Over-Voltage Protection (OVP) Output over-voltage protection (OVP) prevents the components from over-voltage damage. The auxiliary winding voltage’s positive plateau is proportional to the output voltage, so the OVP block monitors this auxiliary winding voltage to apply an OVP function, as shown in Figure 7. Once the ZCD pin voltage exceeds VZCD_OVP, the OVP signal is triggered, the gate driver turns off, the IC works in its quiescent current mode. When the VCC voltage drops below the UVLO threshold, the IC shuts down and the system restarts. The output OVP set point is calculated as: Vout _ ovp ⋅ Cycle by Cycle Current Limit There is cycle by cycle current limit on the S pin, when the voltage on S pin reaches VS_CLAMP_H after a blanking time, the switching will be turn off to limit the peak current value. Primary Over-Current Protection (OCP) The S pin has an internally-integrated comparator for primary side OCP. When the gate is on, the comparator is enabled. Over-current occurs when VS exceeds VOCP after a blanking time. The IC shuts down and restarts after VCC drops below UVLO. The OCP function block diagram is shown in Figure 9. Naux R ZCD2 ⋅ = VZCD _ OVP Nsec R ZCD1 + R ZCD2 Where: Vout-ovp is the output OVP threshold, Naux is the turns of auxiliary winding, and Nsec is the turns of secondary winding Figure 9: Over-Current Protection Circuit LED Short Circuit Protection (SCP) When the LED Short Circuit occurs, IC reduces the switching frequency to 7kHz. The output power at this condition is limited at a safe range. ZCD Pin Short Circuit Protection Figure 7: OVP Sampling Circuit To avoid switch-off spikes mis-triggering OVP, OVP sampling has a tOVP_LEB blanking period, as shown in Figure 8. If ZCD pin voltage is less than VZCD_SC lasts longer than tZCD_SC_LEB, it is recognized as ZCD pin short circuit. The MP4033 stops the switching until VCC drops below UVLO and restarts. This prevents the components from over-voltage damage if LED load opens while ZCD pin shorts at the same time. Thermal Shutdown To prevent IC from thermal damage, the MP4033 latches off the switching cycle when the junction temperature is higher than 150°C. When the VCC drops below UVLO, it restarts again . Figure 8: ZCD Voltage and OVP Sampling MP4033 Rev. 1.0 10/22/2014 www.MonolithicPower.com MPS Proprietary Information. Patent Protected. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited. © 2014 MPS. All Rights Reserved. 18 MP4033—PRIMARY-SIDE–CONTROL, OFFLINE LED CONTROLLER WITH PFC Adaptive Dimmer Type Detection The MP4033 integrates adaptive dimmer type detection to accurately detect which kind of dimmer is connected at the system start-up, leading edge dimmer, trailing edge dimmer or no dimmer. The MP4033 works in different modes depending on these dimmer types to achieve the best dimmer compatibility at the highest performance. Phase-Cut-Based Dimming Control The MP4033 implements phase-cut-based dimming control (both for leading edge and trailing edge dimmers). For the leading edge dimmer, most of them are TRIAC-based.. The TRIAC dimmer usually consists of a bi-directional SCR and an adjustable turn on phase. Figure 10 shows the leading-edge TRIAC dimmer waveforms. The MP4033 detects the dimming turn-on cycle through the MULT pin. Based on the turn-on cycle, the control circuitry adjusts the internal reference voltage. MULT voltage exceeding VMULT_ON is recognized as a dimmer turn-on signal, MULT voltage below VMULT_OFF is recognized as a dimmer turn-off signal. The MP4033 has a 30% line-cycle-detection blanking time at each line cycle, the real phase detector output added this blanking time to determine the reference voltage, if it is higher than 100%, the reference voltage is clamped to 100%. As shown in FigureError! Reference source not found. 12. That means if the turn-on cycle exceeds 70% of the line cycle, the reference maintains the maximum value, which makes the maximum output current with different dimmers is almost the same with the rated output current. Input line voltage before TRIAC dimm er Line voltage after TRIAC dimmer Figure12: Dimming Turn-On Cycle Detector Rectified line voltage Dimmer turn on phase Line cycle Figure 10: Leading Edge Dimmer Waveforms For the Trailing edge dimmer, the waveforms are shown in Figure 11. When the turn-on cycle decreases to less than 70% of the line cycle, the internal reference voltage decreases, lowering the output current. As the dimming turn-on cycle decreases, the COMP voltage also decreases. For leading edge dimmer, once the COMP voltage reaches VCOMPL_LD, it is clamped. The output current decreases slowly to maintain the TRIAC holding current and avoid random flicker. Figure Error! Reference source not found.13 shows the relationship between the leading edge dimming turn-on phase and output current. Figure 11: Trailing Edge Dimmer Waveforms MP4033 Rev. 1.0 10/22/2014 www.MonolithicPower.com MPS Proprietary Information. Patent Protected. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited. © 2014 MPS. All Rights Reserved. 19 MP4033—PRIMARY-SIDE–CONTROL, OFFLINE LED CONTROLLER WITH PFC MULT decreases to VMULT_DP_ON_TL and turns off until the MULT increases to VMULT_DP_OFF_TL. The weak/strong dimming pull down current source is selected through different resistance on the ZCD pin. Figure 15 shows the selected logic: If IDP_DET_LD *(R1+R2//R3)≥VEN_DP_STR_LD Strong dimming pull-down current source is selected; otherwise, weak dimming pull down current source is selected. Figure 13: Leading Edge Dimming Curve For trailing edge dimmer, there is no holding current, the COMP voltage is clamped at a lower level VCOML_TL to get deeper dimming depth. Figure 14 shows the relationship between the trailing edge dimming turn-on phase and output current. In real application design, the weak/strong dimming pull down current selection is related to the detailed application SPEC. Io Figure 15: Weak/Strong Dimming Pull Down Current Source Selection VCOMP 40% 70% 100% Dimming turn on cycle Figure 14: Trailing Edge Dimming Curve Dimming Pull-Down Current Source There are three kinds of dimming pull down current source in MP4033. The IDP_TL current source is for trailing edge dimming, the other two (weak/strong) current sources are for leading edge dimming. The dimming pull down current is used to pull down the rectified line voltage to zero quickly to avoid any mis-detection on the MULT pin. Damping Circuit Control If a leading edge dimmer or trailing edge dimmer is detected, the damping circuit is enabled to limit the inrush current at the moment dimmer turns on. If no dimmer is detected, the damping circuit is disabled by pulling up the damp pin voltage so the damping resister is shorted by the damping MOSFET. The damp pin voltage begins to be pulled up if MULT voltage increases higher than VMULT_DAMP_ON and begins to be pulled down when MULT voltage decreases lower than VMULT_DAMP_OFF. The maximum pull up current source is 100μA while the max pulling down current source is 400μA. If the leading edge dimmer is detected, the dimming pull-down current source turns on when the MULT decreases to VMULT_DP_ON_LD and turns off until the MULT increases to VMULT_DP_OFF_LD. If trailing edge dimmer is detected, the dimming pull-down current source turns on when the MP4033 Rev. 1.0 10/22/2014 www.MonolithicPower.com MPS Proprietary Information. Patent Protected. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited. © 2014 MPS. All Rights Reserved. 20 MP4033—PRIMARY-SIDE–CONTROL, OFFLINE LED CONTROLLER WITH PFC Color Temperature and Brightness Control for Warm Sunset Dimming application The color temperature and brightness control circuit is shown in Figure 16. which to help distribute the output current. The DIM pin working timing makes the smaller dimming duty cycle is, the bigger dummy load distribution current is, the dimming depth is enlarged. The dimming depth enlargement circuit is shown in figure 18. Figure 18: Dimming Depth Enlargement circuit Figure 16: Color Temperature and Brightness Control Circuit The DIM pin of MP4033 outputs a driving signal for external MOSFET. The DIM control logic is shown in Figure 17. Figure 17: Dim Signal Logic DIM turn-on signal is the compliment signal of the dimming turn-on signal. This means the longer the dimming turn-on cycle, the smaller the DIM turn-on cycle. When the dimming turn-on cycle is greater than 70%, the DIM stays low, and the output current flows only through the 1st LED string. As the dimming turn-on cycle decreases, the DIM turn-on duty cycle proportionally increases the 2nd LED string current. The total current through the 1st string and the 2nd string stays constant. This current balance achieves color temperature and brightness control. The maximum current through 2nd string is adjusted by changing the resistance of Ra. Programmable Thermal Fold-back (NTC) The NTC pin is used as the LED programmable thermal fold-back. A NTC resistor is connected to this pin directly to monitor the LED temperature. The LED current changes as the voltage drops on NTC. Figure 19 shows the NTC curve. Figure 19: NTC Curve If the voltage on the NTC pin is lower than the VSD_NTC, the LED current drops to the minimum value, the minimum output current is determined by the minimum on time of the main MOSFET. (Equals to LEB time) Analog Dimming with PWM Input The MP4033 enables direct control of analog dimming. Applying a PWM signal (>200Hz) on NTC pin achieves analog dimming. The output current will linearly change with the PWM duty cycle from maximum to minimum. This feature dramatically reduces the BOM cost for the PWM dimming system. Dimming Depth Enlargement Driving a MOSFET to pull down a resistor from auxiliary winding to GND forms a dummy load, MP4033 Rev. 1.0 10/22/2014 www.MonolithicPower.com MPS Proprietary Information. Patent Protected. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited. © 2014 MPS. All Rights Reserved. 21 MP4033—PRIMARY-SIDE–CONTROL, OFFLINE LED CONTROLLER WITH PFC TYPICAL APPLICATION CIRCUITS Figure 20: A19 Bulb Driver, 230VAC/50Hz Input, Isolated Flyback Converter, VO =24V, IO=420mA EVB Model: EV4033-K-00A Figure 21: A19 Bulb Driver, 120VAC/60Hz Input, Isolated Flyback Converter, VO =24V, IO=350mA EVB Model: EV4033-K-00B MP4033 Rev. 1.0 10/22/2014 www.MonolithicPower.com MPS Proprietary Information. Patent Protected. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited. © 2014 MPS. All Rights Reserved. 22 MP4033—PRIMARY-SIDE–CONTROL, OFFLINE LED CONTROLLER WITH PFC PACKAGE INFORMATION SOIC-8 0.189(4.80) 0.197(5.00) 8 0.050(1.27) 0.024(0.61) 5 0.063(1.60) 0.150(3.80) 0.157(4.00) PIN 1 ID 1 0.228(5.80) 0.244(6.20) 0.213(5.40) 4 TOP VIEW RECOMMENDED LAND PATTERN 0.053(1.35) 0.069(1.75) SEATING PLANE 0.004(0.10) 0.010(0.25) 0.013(0.33) 0.020(0.51) 0.0075(0.19) 0.0098(0.25) SEE DETAIL "A" 0.050(1.27) BSC SIDE VIEW FRONT VIEW 0.010(0.25) x 45o 0.020(0.50) GAUGE PLANE 0.010(0.25) BSC 0o-8o 0.016(0.41) 0.050(1.27) DETAIL "A" MP4033 Rev. 1.0 10/22/2014 NOTE: 1) CONTROL DIMENSION IS IN INCHES. DIMENSION IN BRACKET IS IN MILLIMETERS. 2) PACKAGE LENGTH DOES NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH, PROTRUSIONS OR GATE BURRS. 3) PACKAGE WIDTH DOES NOT INCLUDE INTERLEAD FLASH OR PROTRUSIONS. 4) LEAD COPLANARITY (BOTTOM OF LEADS AFTER FORMING) SHALL BE 0.004" INCHES MAX. 5) DRAWING CONFORMS TO JEDEC MS-012, VARIATION AA. 6) DRAWING IS NOT TO SCALE. www.MonolithicPower.com MPS Proprietary Information. Patent Protected. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited. © 2014 MPS. All Rights Reserved. 23 MP4033—PRIMARY-SIDE–CONTROL, OFFLINE LED CONTROLLER WITH PFC MSOP-10 0.114(2.90) 0.122(3.10) 6 10 0.114(2.90) 0.122(3.10) PIN 1 ID (NOTE 5) 0.007(0.18) 0.011(0.28) 0.187(4.75) 0.199(5.05) 5 1 0.0197(0.50)BSC BOTTOM VIEW TOP VIEW GAUGE PLANE 0.010(0.25) 0.030(0.75) 0.037(0.95) 0.043(1.10)MAX SEATING PLANE 0.002(0.05) 0.006(0.15) FRONT VIEW 0o-6o 0.016(0.40) 0.026(0.65) 0.004(0.10) 0.008(0.20) SIDE VIEW NOTE: 0.181(4.60) 0.040(1.00) 0.012(0.30) 1) CONTROL DIMENSION IS IN INCHES. DIMENSION IN BRACKET IS IN MILLIMETERS. 2) PACKAGE LENGTH DOES NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH, PROTRUSION OR GATE BURR. 3) PACKAGE WIDTH DOES NOT INCLUDE INTERLEAD FLASH OR PROTRUSION. 4) LEAD COPLANARITY (BOTTOM OF LEADS AFTER FORMING) SHALL BE 0.004" INCHES MAX. 5) PIN 1 IDENTIFICATION HAS THE HALF OR FULL CIRCLE OPTION. 6) DRAWING MEETS JEDEC MO-817, VARIATION BA. 7) DRAWING IS NOT TO SCALE. 0.0197(0.50)BSC RECOMMENDED LAND PATTERN MP4033 Rev. 1.0 10/22/2014 www.MonolithicPower.com MPS Proprietary Information. Patent Protected. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited. © 2014 MPS. All Rights Reserved. 24 MP4033—PRIMARY-SIDE–CONTROL, OFFLINE LED CONTROLLER WITH PFC SOIC-14 0.338(8.55) 0.344(8.75) 0.024(0.61) 8 14 0.063 (1.60) 0.150 (3.80) 0.157 (4.00) PIN 1 ID 0.050(1.27) 0.228 (5.80) 0.244 (6.20) 0.213 (5.40) 7 1 TOP VIEW RECOMMENDED LAND PATTERN 0.053(1.35) 0.069(1.75) SEATING PLANE 0.050(1.27) BSC 0.013(0.33) 0.020(0.51) 0.004(0.10) 0.010(0.25) 0.0075(0.19) 0.0098(0.25) SEE DETAIL "A" SIDE VIEW FRONT VIEW NOTE: 0.010(0.25) x 45o 0.020(0.50) GAUGE PLANE 0.010(0.25) BSC 0o-8o 0.016(0.41) 0.050(1.27) 1) CONTROL DIMENSION IS IN INCHES. DIMENSION IN BRACKET IS IN MILLIMETERS. 2) PACKAGE LENGTH DOES NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH, PROTRUSIONS OR GATE BURRS. 3) PACKAGE WIDTH DOES NOT INCLUDE INTERLEAD FLASH OR PROTRUSIONS. 4) LEAD COPLANARITY (BOTTOM OF LEADS AFTER FORMING) SHALL BE 0.004" INCHES MAX. 5) DRAWING CONFORMS TO JEDEC MS-012, VARIATION AB. 6) DRAWING IS NOT TO SCALE. DETAIL "A" NOTICE: The information in this document is subject to change without notice. Users should warrant and guarantee that third party Intellectual Property rights are not infringed upon when integrating MPS products into any application. MPS will not assume any legal responsibility for any said applications. MP4033 Rev. 1.0 10/22/2014 www.MonolithicPower.com MPS Proprietary Information. Patent Protected. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited. © 2014 MPS. All Rights Reserved. 25