1/13-Inch System-On-A-Chip (SOC) CMOS Digital Image Sensor

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MT9V115: 1/13-Inch VGA SOC Digital Image Sensor
Features
1/13-Inch System-On-A-Chip (SOC) CMOS Digital
Image Sensor
MT9V115 Datasheet, Rev. E
For the latest datasheet, please visit www.onsemi.com
Features
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fect choice for a wide range of applications, including
mobile phones, PC and notebook cameras, and gaming systems.
Superior low-light performance
Ultra-low-power
VGA video at 30fps
Internal master clock generated by on-chip phase
locked loop (PLL) oscillator
Electronic rolling shutter (ERS), progressive scan
Integrated image flow processor (IFP) for single-die
camera module
One-time programmable memory (OTPM)
Automatic image correction and enhancement,
including four-channel lens shading correction
Arbitrary image scaling with anti-aliasing
Supports ITU.R.656 format (progressive scan
version)
Two-wire serial interface providing access to
registers and microcontroller memory
Selectable output data format: YCbCr, 565RGB,
processed Bayer, RAW8- and RAW8+2-bit, BT656*
Parallel data output
Programmable I/O slew rate
MIPI serial mode supporting 8-bit and 10-bit data
streams
Independently configurable gamma correction
Direct XDMA access (reducing serial commands)
Integrated hue rotation
*Supports ITU-R BT.656 format with odd timing code. BT656 is
used on interlaced output but this is a progressive scan output
Table 1:
Parameter
Typical Value
Optical format
1/13-inch
Active pixels
648 x 488= 0.3 Mp (VGA)
Pixel size
1.75m
Color filter array
RGB Bayer
Shutter type
Electronic rolling shutter
(ERS)
Input clock range
Output clock
maximum
Output
4 – 44 MHz
Parallel
176 Mbps
Parallel
8 bit
MIPI
General Description
ON Semiconductor's MT9V115 is a 1/13-inch CMOS
digital image sensor with an active-pixel array of 648H
x 488V. It includes sophisticated camera functions
such as auto exposure control, auto white balance,
black level control, flicker detection and avoidance,
and defect correction. It is designed for low light performance. It is programmable through a simple twowire serial interface. The MT9V115 produces extraordinarily clear, sharp digital pictures that make it the per1
8 bit, 10 bit
Frame rate, full resolution
30 fps
Responsivity
1.88 V/lux*sec
SNRMAX (temporal)
34.1 dB
Dynamic range
64 dB
Supply voltage
• Mobile phones
• PC and notebook cameras
• Gaming systems
22 MHz
MIPI
Digital
Applications
MT9V115 DS Rev. E Pub. 5/15 EN
Key Parameters
1.8 V
Analog
2.8 V
MIPI
2.8 V
Power consumption
55 mW(Est.)
Operating temperature
(ambient) -TA
–30°C to +70° C
Chief ray angle
24°
Package options
Wafer, CSP
©Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC 2015,
MT9V115: 1/13-Inch VGA SOC Digital Image Sensor
Ordering Information
Ordering Information
Table 2:
Available Part Numbers
Part Number
Product Description
Orderable Product Attribute Description
MT9V115D00STCK22EC1-200
VGA 1/13"SOC
Die Sales, 200m Thickness
MT9V115EBKSTC-CR
VGA 1/13"CIS SOC
Chip Tray without Protective Film
MT9V115W00STCK22EC1-750
VGA 1/4" SOC
Wafer Sales, 750m Thickness
MT9V115 DS Rev. E Pub. 5/15 EN
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©Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2015.
MT9V115: 1/13-Inch VGA SOC Digital Image Sensor
Table of Contents
Table of Contents
Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1
Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1
General Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1
Ordering Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2
Functional Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6
Register and Variable Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32
Slave Address Selection in Dual Camera Application (Only for Parallel Not Supported in Serial) . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37
One-Time Programming Memory (OTPM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37
Spectral Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38
Electrical Specifications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40
Power Sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .48
Revision History. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51
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©Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2015.
MT9V115: 1/13-Inch VGA SOC Digital Image Sensor
List of Figures
List of Figures
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Figure 35:
MT9V115 Block Diagram. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6
Typical Configuration (Connection) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8
Hard Standby Mode Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12
Soft Standby Mode Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13
Pixel Data Timing Example: 8+2 Bayer format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14
Frame Timing, FV, and LV Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14
Sensor Core Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16
Pixel Color Pattern Detail . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17
Six Pixels in Normal and Column Mirror Readout Mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18
Eight Pixels in Normal and Column Skip 2X Readout Mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19
Pixel Readout (no skipping) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19
Pixel Readout (x_odd_inc = 3, y_odd_inc = 1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20
Image Flow Processor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21
Gamma Correction Curve. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25
0° Hue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26
–22° Hue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27
+22° Hue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27
BT656 Image Data with Odd SAV/EAV Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31
Single READ from Random Location . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34
Single Read from Current Location . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35
Sequential READ, Start from Random Location . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35
Sequential READ, Start from Current Location . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35
Single WRITE to Random Location. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36
Sequential WRITE, Start at Random Location . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36
Dual Camera . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37
Chief Ray Angle (CRA) vs. Image Height . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38
Quantum Efficiency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39
MIPI Clock Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44
MIPI Data Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46
Two-Wire Serial Bus Timing Parameters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .47
Power-Up Sequence. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49
Power-Down Sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49
MT9V115 DS Rev. E Pub. 5/15 EN
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©Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2015.
MT9V115: 1/13-Inch VGA SOC Digital Image Sensor
List of Tables
List of Tables
Table 1:
Table 2:
Table 3:
Table 4:
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Table 21:
Table 22:
Table 23:
Table 24:
Key Parameters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Available Part Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Signal Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Pad Functionality Based on Output Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Status of Output Signals During Reset and Standby . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Hard Standby Signal Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Soft Standby Signal Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
YCbCr Output Data Ordering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
RGB Ordering in Default Mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
2-Byte Bayer Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Data Formats Supported by MIPI Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Summary of MT9V115 Variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Absolute Maximum Ratings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Operating Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
DC Electrical Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Operating/Standby Current Consumption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
AC Electrical Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
MIPI Timing Measurements: Clock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
MIPI Timing Measurements: Data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
MIPI High Speed (HS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
MIPI Low Power (LP). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Two-Wire Serial Interface Timing Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Power- Up Signal Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Power-Down Supply Rail Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
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©Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2015.
MT9V115: 1/13-Inch VGA SOC Digital Image Sensor
Functional Description
Functional Description
ON Semiconductor’s MT9V115 is a 1/13-inch VGA CMOS digital image sensor with an
integrated advanced camera system. This camera system features a microcontroller
(MCU), a sophisticated image flow processor (IFP), a serial port, and a parallel port. The
microcontroller manages all functions of the camera system and sets key operating
parameters for the sensor core to optimize the quality of raw image data entering the IFP.
The sensor core consists of an active pixel array of 648 x 488 pixels with programmable
timing and control circuitry. It also includes an analog signal chain with automatic offset
correction, programmable gain, and a 10-bit analog-to-digital converter (ADC).
The entire system-on-a-chip (SOC) has an ultra-low power operational mode and a
superior low-light performance that is particularly suitable for mobile applications. The
MT9V115 features ON Semiconductor’s breakthrough low-noise CMOS imaging technology that achieves near-CCD image quality (based on signal-to-noise ratio and lowlight sensitivity) while maintaining the inherent size, cost, and integration advantages of
CMOS.
Architecture Overview
The MT9V115 combines a VGA sensor core with an IFP to form a stand-alone solution
for both image acquisition and processing. Both the sensor core and the IFP have
internal registers that can be controlled by the user. In normal operation, an integrated
microcontroller autonomously controls most aspects of operation. The processed image
data is transmitted to the host system through the serial or parallel bus. Figure 1 shows
the major functional blocks of the MT9V115.
Figure 1:
MT9V115 Block Diagram
R egister Bus
VDDP LL VDD_PHY VDD VDDIO V P P VA A
Im age D ata Bus
Pixel Array
(648 x 488)
R ow C ontrol
PLL
R AM
C C I Serial
Interface
R OM
4
uC ontroller
C olum n C ontrol
S DATA
SC LOC K
Serial
4
DATA_P, DATA_N
CLK_P, CLK_N
F IFO
ST AN D BY
EXT C LK
Parallel
Analog Processing
AGND
MT9V115 DS Rev. E Pub. 5/15 EN
D igital Im age
Processing(SOC )
AD C
11
F V, LV,PIXC LK,
D OUT[7:0]
4
FV, LV
D OUT[7:6]
7
DATA_P/DOUT[7]
DATA_N/DOUT[6]
CLK_P/FV
CLK_N/LV
PIXCLK
DOUT[5:0]
D GND
6
©Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2015.
MT9V115: 1/13-Inch VGA SOC Digital Image Sensor
Functional Description
Sensor Core
The MT9V115 has a color image sensor with a Bayer color filter arrangement and a VGA
active-pixel array with electronic rolling shutter (ERS). The sensor core readout is 10 bits.
The sensor core also supports separate analog and digital gain for all four color channels
(R, Gr, Gb, B).
Image Flow Processor (IFP)
The advanced IFP features and flexible programmability of the MT9V115 can enhance
and optimize the image sensor performance. Built-in optimization algorithms enable
the MT9V115 to operate with factory settings as a fully automatic and highly adaptable
system-on-a-chip (SOC) for most camera systems.
These algorithms include shading correction, defect correction, color interpolation,
edge detection, color correction, aperture correction, and image formatting with cropping and scaling.
Microcontroller Unit (MCU)
The MCU communicates with all functional blocks by way of an internal ON Semiconductor proprietary bus interface. The MCU firmware executes the automatic control
algorithms for exposure and white balance.
System Control
The MT9V115 has a phase-locked loop (PLL) oscillator that can generate the internal
sensor clock from the common system clock. The PLL adjusts the incoming clock
frequency up, allowing the MT9V115 to run at almost any desired resolution and frame
rate within the sensor’s capabilities.
Low-power consumption is a very important requirement for all components of wireless
devices. The MT9V115 provides power-conserving features, including an internal soft
standby mode and a hard standby mode.
A two-wire serial interface bus enables read and write access to the MT9V115’s internal
registers and variables. The internal registers control the sensor core, the color pipeline
flow, the output interface, auto white balance (AWB) and auto exposure (AE).
Output Interface
The output interface block can select either raw data or processed data. Image data is
provided to the host system by an 8-bit parallel port (up to 22MB/sec) or by a serial MIPI
port (up tp 176Mbps with 8-bit and 10-bit support). The parallel output port provides 8bit YCbCr, YUV, 565 RGB, BT656, processed Bayer data or extended 10-bit Bayer data
achieved using 8+2 format.
System Interfaces
Figure 2 on page 8 shows typical MT9V115 device connections. For low-noise operation,
the MT9V115 requires separate power supplies for analog and digital sections of the die.
Both power supply rails should be decoupled from ground using capacitors as close as
possible to the die. The use of inductance filters is not recommended on the power
supplies or output signals.
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©Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2015.
MT9V115: 1/13-Inch VGA SOC Digital Image Sensor
Functional Description
The MT9V115 provides dedicated signals for digital core and I/O power domains that
can be at different voltages. The PLL and analog circuitry require clean power sources.
Table 3, “Signal Descriptions,” on page 10 provides the signal descriptions for the
MT9V115.
Typical Configuration (Connection)
Two-wire
serial interface
Digital
core
power
VAA
Analog
power
VDD
VDD_PLL
VDD_IO
RPULL-UP2
OTPM
PLL
power
power
(optional)
VPP
PHY
power4
I/O
power
VDD_PHY
Figure 2:
DOUT[5:0]
SDATA
SCLK
PIXCLK
standby mode
External clock in
(4–44 MHz)
STANDBY
Parallel
port
OR/AND3
EXTCLK
DATA_P/DOUT[7]
DATA_N/DOUT[6]
CLK_P/FV
CLK_N/LV
GND, GND_PLL
VDD_IO5
VDD_PLL5
VDD5
MIPI/Parallel
port
AGND
VAA,VDD_PHY5
0.1μF
Notes:
MT9V115 DS Rev. E Pub. 5/15 EN
1. This typical configuration shows only one scenario out of multiple possible variations for this sensor.
2. ON Semiconductor recommends a minimum 1.5kresistor value for the two-wire serial interface
RPULL-UP; however, greater values may be used for slower transmission speed.
3. Only one mode, MIPI or Parallel can be used at one time
4. VDD_PHY requires 2.8v nominal in MIPI mode, but can take VDD_IO setting in parallel mode.
5. As a minimum, ON Semiconductor recommends that a 0.1F decoupling capacitor for each power
supply is mounted as close as possible to the pad inside the module. Actual values and numbers
may vary depending on layout and design considerations.
8
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MT9V115: 1/13-Inch VGA SOC Digital Image Sensor
Functional Description
Decoupling Capacitor Recommendations
The minimum recommended decoupling capacitor recommendation is 0.1µF per
supply in the module.
It is important to provide clean, well regulated power to each power supply. The ON
Semiconductor recommendation for capacitor placement and values are based on our
internal demo camera design and verified in hardware.
Note:
Since hardware design is influenced by many factors, such as layout, operating conditions, and component selection, the customer is ultimately responsible to ensure that
clean power is provided for their own designs.
In order of preference, ON Semiconductor recommends:
1. Mount 0.1µF and 1µF decoupling capacitors for each power supply as close as possible to the pad and place a 10 µF capacitor nearby off-module.
2. If module limitations allow for only six decoupling capacitors for a three-regulator
design (VDD_PLL tied to VAA), use a 0.1µF and 1µF capacitor for each of the three regulated supplies. ON Semiconductor also recommends placing a 10µF capacitor for
each supply off-module, but close to each supply.
3. If module limitations allow for only three decoupling capacitors, a 1µF capacitor for
each of the three regulated supplies is preferred. ON Semiconductor recommends
placing a 10µF capacitor for each supply off-module but closed to each supply.
4. If module limitations allow for only three decoupling capacitors, a 0.1µF capacitor for
each of the three regulated supplies is preferred. ON Semiconductor recommends
placing a 10µF capacitor for each supply off-module but close to each supply.
5. Priority should be given to the VAA supply for additional decoupling capacitors.
6. Inductive filtering components are not recommended.
7. Follow best practices when performing physical layout. Refer to technical notes
TN-09-131 and TN-09-214.
MT9V115 DS Rev. E Pub. 5/15 EN
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MT9V115: 1/13-Inch VGA SOC Digital Image Sensor
Functional Description
Signal Descriptions
Table 3:
Table 4:
Signal Descriptions
Name
Type
Description
EXTCLK
Input
Input clock signal
STANDBY
Input
Controls sensor's standby mode, active HIGH
SCLK
Input
Two-wire serial interface clock
SDATA
I/O
Two-wire serial interface data
FRAME_VALID (FV)
Output
Identifies rows in the active image
LINE_VALID (LV)
Output
Identifies pixels in the active line
PIXCLK
Output
Pixel clock
DOUT[7:0]
Output
DOUT[7:0] for 8-bit image data output
CLK_N
Output
Differential MIPI clock
CLK_P
Output
Differential MIPI clock
DATA_N
Output
DATA_N Output Differential MIPI data
DATA_P
Output
DATA_P Output Differential MIPI data
VDD
Supply
Digital power
DGND
Supply
Digital ground
VDD_IO
Supply
I/O power supply
VPP
Supply
OTPM power supply
VDD_PLL
Supply
PLL power
VDD_PHY
Supply
MIPI power supply
GND_PLL
Supply
PLL ground
VAA
Supply
Analog power
AGND
Supply
Analog ground
Pad Functionality Based on Output Modes
Parallel Output
MIPI Output
DOUT[6]
DOUT[7]
FRAME_VALID
LINE_VALID
DATA_N
DATA_P
CLK_P
CLK_N
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MT9V115: 1/13-Inch VGA SOC Digital Image Sensor
Functional Description
Power-On Reset
The MT9V115 includes a power-on reset feature that initiates a reset upon power-up. A
soft reset is issued by writing commands through the two-wire serial interface.
Two types of reset are available:
• A soft reset is issued by writing commands (SYSCTL R0x001A[0] = 1)through the twowire serial interface register 0x1A bit[4:6] during normal operation.
• An internal power-on reset
The output states after hard reset are shown in Table 5 on page 11.
A soft reset sequence to the sensor has the same effect as the hard reset and can be activated by writing to a register through the two-wire serial interface. On-chip poweronreset circuitry can generate an internal reset signal in case an external reset is not
provided. The RESET_BAR signal has an internal pull-up resistor and can be left floating.
Standby
The MT9V115 supports two different standby modes:
1. Hard standby mode
2. Soft standby mode
The hard standby mode is invoked by asserting the STANDBY pin. It then disables all of
the digital logic within the image sensor, and only supports being awoken by deasserting the STANDBY pin. The soft standby mode is enabled by a single register access,
which then disables the sensor core and most of the digital logic. However, the serial
interface is kept alive, which allows the image sensor to be awoken via a serial register
access.
All output signal status during standby are shown in Table 5.
Table 5:
Status of Output Signals During Reset and Standby
Signal
Reset
Post-Reset
Standby
DOUT[7:0]
PIXCLK
LV
FV
CLK_N
CLK_P
DATA_N
DATA_P
High-Z
High-Z
High-Z
High-Z
High-Z
High-Z
High-Z
High-Z
High-Z
High-Z
High-Z
High-Z
0
0
0
0
High-Z
High-Z
High-Z
High-Z
0
0
0
0
Hard Standby Mode
The MT9V115 can enter hard standby mode by using external STANDBY signal, as
shown in Figure 3. The two-wire serial interface and IFP block shut down even when
EXTCLK is running during hard standby mode.
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MT9V115: 1/13-Inch VGA SOC Digital Image Sensor
Functional Description
Entering Standby Mode
1. Assert STANDBY signal (HIGH).
Exiting Standby Mode
1. De-assert STANDBY signal (LOW).
2. Part is now ready for streaming.
Figure 3:
Hard Standby Mode Operation
t4
t1
t2
STANDBY
Asserted
Standby
Mode
t3
EXTCLK
STANDBY
Mode
Note:
Table 6:
Symbol
EXTCLK Disabled
EXTCLK Enabled
In hard standby mode, EXTCLK is automatically gated off, and the two-wire serial interface is not
active.
Hard Standby Signal Timing
Parameter
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
1 Frame + 16742
–
1 Frame + 17032
EXTCLKs
t1
Standby entry complete (EOF hard standby)
t2
Active EXTCLK required after STANDBY asserted
10
–
–
EXTCLKs
t3
Active EXTCLK required before STANDBY deasserted
10
–
–
EXTCLKs
t4
STANDBY pulse width
1 Frame + 16762
–
–
EXTCLKs
Soft Standby Mode
The MT9V115 can enter soft standby mode by writing to a SYSCTL register through the
two-wire serial interface, as shown in Figure 4. EXTCLK can be stopped to reduce the
power consumption during soft standby mode. However, since two-wire serial interface
requires EXTCLK to operate, ON Semiconductor recommends that EXTCLK run continuously.
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MT9V115: 1/13-Inch VGA SOC Digital Image Sensor
Functional Description
Entering Standby Mode
1. Set SYSCTL 0x0018[0] to “1” to initiate standby mode.
2. Check until SYSCTL 0x0018[14] changes to “1” to indicate MT9V115 is in standby
mode.
3. Turn EXTCLK off.
Exiting Standby Mode
1. Turn EXTCLK on.
2. Reset SYSCTL register 0x0018[0] to “0.”
3. Check until SYSCTL register 0x0018[14] changes to “0”.
Note:
Figure 4:
Steps 1 is only necessary in soft standby mode if EXTCLK is turned off.
Soft Standby Mode Operation
t4
t1
t2
STANDBY
Asserted
Standby
Mode
t3
EXTCLK
SYSCTL 0x0018[0]
Mode
Table 7:
Symbol
EXTCLK Disabled
EXTCLK Enabled
Soft Standby Signal Timing
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
Standby entry complete (0x301A[4] = 1)
1 Frame + 16742
–
1 Frame + 17032
EXTCLKs
Active EXTCLK required after soft standby
activates
10
–
–
EXTCLKs
t3
Active EXTCLK required before soft standby
de-activates
10
–
–
EXTCLKs
t4
Minimum standby time
1 Frame + 16762
–
–
EXTCLKs
t1
t2
Parameter
Module ID
The MT9V115 provides 4 bits of module ID that can be read by the host processor from
register 0x001A[15:12]. The module ID is programmed through the OTPM.
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MT9V115: 1/13-Inch VGA SOC Digital Image Sensor
Functional Description
Parallel Image Data Output Interface
The user can use the 8-bit parallel output (DOUT[7:0])to transmit the sensor image data
in 8-bit YUV or in 8+2 Bayer formats to the host system as shown in Figure 5 for pixel
data timing within a line and in Figure 6 for frame and line timing structures.
The MT9V115 has an output FIFO to retain a constant pixel output clock independent
from the data output rate variations due to scaling factor (used only in 8-bit YUV).
The MT9V115 image data is read out in a progressive scan mode. Valid image data is
surrounded by horizontal blanking and vertical blanking. The amount of horizontal
blanking and vertical blanking are programmable.
MT9V115 output data is synchronized with the PIXCLK output. When LINE_VALID(LV)
is HIGH, one pixel value (10-bit bayer data) is output through PIXCLK period as shown
in Figure 5. PIXCLK is continuously running as default even during the blanking
period.The MT9V115 can be programmed to delay the PIXCLK edge relative to the DOUT
transitions. Also, PIXCLK phase can be programmed by the user.
Figure 5:
Pixel Data Timing Example: 8+2 Bayer format
LINE_VALID
PIXCLK
P0 (9:2)
DOUT[7:0]
P0 (1:0)
P1 (9:2)
Blanking
Figure 6:
P1 (1:0)
P2 (9:2)
Pn-1 (9:2)
Pn-1 (1:0)
Pn (9:2)
Pn (1:0)
bayer 8+2 pixel Data
Blanking
Frame Timing, FV, and LV Structure
FRAME_VALID
LINE_VALID
Data Modes
Note:
MT9V115 DS Rev. E Pub. 5/15 EN
P1
A2
Q3
A
Q
A
P
1. P: Frame start and end blanking time.
2. A: Active data time.
3. Q: Horizontal blanking time
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MT9V115: 1/13-Inch VGA SOC Digital Image Sensor
Functional Description
Serial Port
This section describes how frames of pixel data are represented on the high-speed MIPI
serial interface. The MIPI output transmitter implements a serial differential sub-LVDS
transmitter capable of up to 176 Mb/s. It supports multiple formats, error checking, and
custom short packets.
When the sensor is in the hard standby system state or in the soft standby system state,
the MIPI signals (CLK_P, CLK_N, DATA_P, DATA_N) indicate ultra low power state (ULPS)
corresponding to (nominal) 0V levels being driven on CLK_P, CLK_N, DATA_P, and
DATA_N. This is equivalent to signaling code LP-00.
When the sensor enters the streaming state, the interface goes through the following
transitions:
1. After the PLL has locked and the bias generator for the MIPI drivers has stabilized, the
MIPI interface transitions from the ULPS state to the ULPS-exit state (signaling code
LP–10).
2. After a delay (TWAKEUP), the MIPI interface transitions from the ULPS-exit state to
the TX-stop state (signaling code LP–11).
3. After a short period of time (the programmed integration time plus a fixed overhead),
frames of pixel data start to be transmitted on the MIPI interface. Each frame of pixel
data is transmitted as a number of high-speed packets. The transition from the
TXstop state to the high-speed signaling states occurs in accordance with the MIPI
specifications.
Between high-speed packets and between frames, the MIPI interface idles in the TXstop state. The transition from the high-speed signaling states and the TX-stop state
takes place in accordance with the MIPI specifications.
4. If the sensor is reset, any frame in progress is aborted immediately and the MIPI signals switch to indicate the ULPS.
5. If the sensor is taken out of the streaming system state and SYSCTL R0x0042[0] = 1
(standby end-of-frame), any frame in progress is completed and the MIPI signals
switch to indicate the ULPS.
If the sensor is taken out of the streaming system state and SYSCTL R0x0042[0] = 0
(standby end-of-line), any frame in progress is aborted as follows:
1. Any long packet in transmission is completed.
2. The end of frame short packet is transmitted.
After the frame has been aborted, the MIPI signals switch to indicate the ULPS.
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MT9V115: 1/13-Inch VGA SOC Digital Image Sensor
Functional Description
Sensor Control
The sensor core of the MT9V115 is a progressive-scan sensor that generates a stream of
pixel data at a constant frame rate. Figure 7 shows a block diagram of the sensor core. It
includes the VGA active-pixel array. The timing and control circuitry sequences through
the rows of the array, resetting and then reading each row in turn. In the time interval
between resetting a row and reading that row, the pixels in the row integrate incident
light. The exposure is controlled by varying the time interval between reset and readout.
Once a row has been selected, the data from each column is sequenced through an
analog signal chain, including offset correction, gain adjustment, and ADC. The final
stage of the sensor core converts the output of the ADC into 10-bit data for each pixel in
the array.
The pixel array contains optically active and light-shielded (dark) pixels. The dark pixels
are used to provide data for the offset-correction algorithms (black level control).
The sensor core contains a set of control and status registers that can be used to control
many aspects of the sensor behavior including the frame size, exposure, and gain
setting. These registers are controlled by the MCU firmware and are also accessible by
the host processor through the two-wire serial interface.
The output from the sensor core is a Bayer pattern; alternate rows are a sequence of
either red and green pixels or blue and green pixels. The offset and gain stages of the
analog signal chain provide per-color control of the pixel data.
Figure 7:
Sensor Core Block Diagram
Control Registers
System Control
Timing
and
Control
Green1/Green2
Channel
VGA
Active-Pixel
Sensor (APS)
Array
Analog
Processing
G1/G2
R/B
ADC
G1/G2
R/B
Digital
Processing
10-Bit
Data Out
Red/Blue
Channel
Sensor Core
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MT9V115: 1/13-Inch VGA SOC Digital Image Sensor
Functional Description
The sensor core uses a Bayer color pattern, as shown in Figure 8. The even-numbered
rows contain green and red pixels; odd-numbered rows contain blue and green pixels.
Even-numbered columns contain green and blue pixels; odd-numbered columns
contain red and green pixels.
Figure 8:
Pixel Color Pattern Detail
Column readout direction
First clear
pixel
B Gb B Gb B Gb B Gb B Gb B
Gr R Gr R Gr R
Gr R
Gr R Gr
B Gb B Gb B Gb B Gb B Gb B
Gr R Gr R Gr R
Gr R
Gr R Gr
B Gb B Gb B Gb B Gb B Gb B
Gr R Gr R Gr R
Gr R
Gr R Gr
B Gb B Gb B Gb B Gb B Gb B
Gr R Gr R Gr R
Gr R
Row readout
direction
Gr R Gr
Black pixels
The MT9V115 sensor core pixel array is shown which reflects the layout of the array on
the die. Figure 9 on page 18 shows the image shown in the sensor during normal operation.
When the image is read out of the sensor, it is read one row at a time, with the rows and
columns sequenced.
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MT9V115: 1/13-Inch VGA SOC Digital Image Sensor
Functional Description
Figure 9:
Imaging a Scene
Lens
Scene
Sensor (rear view)
Row
Readout
Order
Column Readout Order
Pixel (0,0)
The sensor core supports different readout options to modify the image before it is sent
to the IFP. The readout can be limited to a specific window size of the original pixel array.
By changing the readout order, the image can be mirrored in the horizontal direction.
The image output size is set by programming row and column start and end address
registers. The four edge pixels in the 648 x 488 array are present to avoid edge effects and
are not included in the visible window.
When the sensor is configured to mirror the image horizontally, the order of pixel
readout within a row is reversed, so that readout starts from the last column address and
ends at the first column address. Figure 10 shows a sequence of 6 pixels being read out
with normal readout and reverse readout. This change in sensor core output is corrected
by the IFP.
Figure 10:
Six Pixels in Normal and Column Mirror Readout Mode
LINE_VALID
Normal readout
DOUT[9:0]
G0
(9:0)
R0
(9:0)
G1
(9:0)
R1
(9:0)
G2
(9:0)
R2
(9:0)
R2
(9:0)
G2
(9:0)
R1
(9:0)
G1
(9:0)
R0
(9:0)
G0
(9:0)
Reverse readout
DOUT[9:0]
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MT9V115: 1/13-Inch VGA SOC Digital Image Sensor
Functional Description
Figure 11:
Eight Pixels in Normal and Column Skip 2X Readout Mode
LINE_VALID
Normal readout
DOUT[9:0]
G0
(9:0)
R0
(9:0)
G1
(9:0)
R1
(9:0)
G0
(9:0)
R0
(9:0)
G2
(9:0)
R2
(9:0)
G2
(9:0)
R2
(9:0)
G3
(9:0)
R3
(9:0)
LINE_VALID
Column skip readout
DOUT[9:0]
Figure 12 on page 19 through Figure on page 21 show the different skipping modes
supported in MT9V115.
Figure 12:
Pixel Readout (no skipping)
Y Incrementing
X Incrementing
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MT9V115: 1/13-Inch VGA SOC Digital Image Sensor
Functional Description
Figure 13:
Pixel Readout (x_odd_inc = 3, y_odd_inc = 1)
X Incrementing
Y Incrementing
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MT9V115: 1/13-Inch VGA SOC Digital Image Sensor
Functional Description
Image Flow Processor
Image control processing in the MT9V115 is implemented in the IFP hardware logic. The
IFP registers can be programmed by the host processor. For normal operation, the
microcontroller automatically adjusts the operational parameters of the IFP. Figure 14
shows the image data processing flow within the IFP.
Figure 14:
Image Flow Processor
RAW 10
Test Pattern
VGA
Pixel Array
ADC
Raw Data
IFP
Digital
Gain
Control,
Shading
Correction
MUX
Defect Correction,
Nosie Reduction,
Color Interpolation,
Statistics
Engine
8-bit
RGB
RGB to YUV
10/12-Bit
RGB
8-bit
YUV
Color Correction
Color Kill
Scaler
Aperture
Correction
Hue Rotate
Output
Formatting
YUV to RGB
Gamma
Correction
(10-to-8 Lookup)
Output
Interface
TX
FIFO
Output Mux
Parallel /MIPI
Output
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MT9V115: 1/13-Inch VGA SOC Digital Image Sensor
Functional Description
For normal operation of the MT9V115, streams of raw image data from the sensor core
are continuously fed into the color pipeline. The MT9V115 features an automatic color
bar test pattern generation function to emulate sensor images as shown in Figure 15 on
page 23.
Figure 15:
Color Bar Test Pattern
Test Pattern
Example
FIELD_WR= SEQ_CMD, 0x15 // solid color
REG=0x3072, 0x0200 // RED
REG=0x3074, 0x0200 // GREEN RED
REG=0x3076, 0x0200 // BLUE
REG=0x3078, 0x0200 // GREEN BLUE
FIELD_WR= SEQ_CMD, 0x16 //100% color
bar
FIELD_WR= SEQ_CMD, 0x17 //fade to
gray
FIELD_WR= SEQ_CMD, 0x18 // pseudo
random
FIELD_WR= SEQ_CMD, 0x19 // marching
ones
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MT9V115: 1/13-Inch VGA SOC Digital Image Sensor
Functional Description
Image Corrections
Image stream processing starts with the multiplication of all pixel values by a programmable digital gain. This can be independently set to separate values for each color
channel (R, Gr, Gb, B). Independent color channel digital gain can be adjusted with variables.
Lenses tend to produce images whose brightness is significantly attenuated near the
edges. There are also other factors causing fixed pattern signal gradients in images
captured by image sensors. The cumulative result of all these factors is known as image
shading. The MT9V115 has an embedded shading correction module that can be
programmed to counter the shading effects on each individual R, Gb, Gr, and B color
signal.
The IFP performs continuous defect correction that can mask pixel array defects such as
high dark-current (hot) pixels and pixels that are darker or brighter than their neighbors
due to photoresponse nonuniformity. The module is edge-aware with exposure that is
based on configurable thresholds. The thresholds are changed continuously based on
the brightness of the current scene. Enabling and disabling noise reduction, and setting
thresholds can be defined through variable settings.
Color Interpolation and Edge Detection
In the raw data stream fed by the sensor core to the IFP, each pixel is represented by a
10-bit integer, which can be considered proportional to the pixel’s response to a onecolor light stimulus, red, green, or blue, depending on the pixel’s position under the
color filter array. Initial data processing steps, up to and including the defect correction,
preserve the one-color-per-pixel nature of the data stream, but after the defect correction it must be converted to a three-colors-per-pixel stream appropriate for standard
color processing. The conversion is done by an edge-sensitive color interpolation
module. The module adds the incomplete color information available for each pixel
with information extracted from an appropriate set of neighboring pixels. The algorithm
used to select this set and extract the information seeks the best compromise between
preserving edges and filtering out high-frequency noise in flat field areas. The edge
threshold can be set through variable settings.
Color Correction and Aperture Correction
To achieve good color fidelity of the IFP output, interpolated RGB values of all pixels are
subjected to color correction. The IFP multiplies each vector of three pixel colors by a
3 x 3 color correction matrix. The color correction matrix can either be programmed by
the user or automatically selected by the AWB algorithm implemented in the IFP. Color
correction should ideally produce output colors that are independent of the spectral
sensitivity and color crosstalk characteristics of the image sensor. The optimal values of
the color correction matrix elements depend on those sensor characteristics. The color
correction variables can be adjusted through variable settings.
To increase image sharpness, a programmable 2D aperture correction (sharpening filter)
is applied to color-corrected image data. The gain and threshold for 2D correction can
be defined through variable settings.
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MT9V115: 1/13-Inch VGA SOC Digital Image Sensor
Functional Description
Gamma Correction
The gamma correction curve (as shown in Figure 16) is implemented as a piecewise
linear function with 19 knee points, taking 12-bit arguments and mapping them to 8-bit
output. The abscissas of the knee points are fixed at 0, 64, 128, 256, 512, 768, 1024, 1280,
1536, 1792, 2048, 2304, 2560, 2816, 3072, 3328, 3584, 3840, and 4096.
The MT9V115 IFP includes a block for gamma correction that has the capability to
adjust its shape, based on brightness, to enhance the performance under certain
lighting conditions. Two custom gamma correction tables may be uploaded, one corresponding to a high lighting condition, the other one corresponding to a low lighting
condition. The final gamma correction table used depends on the brightness of the
scene and can take the form of either uploaded tables or an interpolated version of the
two tables. A single (non-adjusting) table for all conditions can also be used.
Figure 16:
Gamma Correction Curve
Gamma Correction
300
Output RGB, 8-bit
250
200
0.45
150
100
50
0
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
Input RGB, 12-bit
Special effects like negative image, sepia solarization, or B/W can be applied to the data
stream at this point. These effects can be enabled and selected by cam_select_fx variable.
To remove high- or low-light color artifacts, a color kill circuit is included. It affects only
pixels whose luminance exceeds a certain preprogrammed threshold. The U and V
values of those pixels are attenuated proportionally to the difference between their luminance and the threshold.
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MT9V115: 1/13-Inch VGA SOC Digital Image Sensor
Functional Description
Image Scaling and Cropping
To ensure that the size of images output by the MT9V115 can be tailored to the needs of
all users, the IFP includes a scaler module. When enabled, this module performs rescaling of incoming images—shrinks them to selected width and height without reducing
the field of view and without discarding any pixel values. The scaler ratios are automatically computed from image output size and the FOV. The scaled output must not be
greater than 352. Output widths greater than this must not use the scaler but instead
must reduce the field of view.
By configuring the cropped and output windows to various sizes, different zooming
levels such as 4X, 2X, and 1X can be achieved. The height and width definitions for the
output window must be equal to or smaller than the cropped image. The image cropping and scaler module can be used together to implement a digital zoom.
Hue Rotate
The MT9V115 has integrated hue rotate. This feature will help for improving the color
image quality and give customers the flexibility for fine color adjustment and special
color effects.
Figure 17:
0° Hue
CAM VAR8= 0xA00F, 0x00 // CAM_HUE_ANGLE
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MT9V115: 1/13-Inch VGA SOC Digital Image Sensor
Functional Description
Figure 18:
–22° Hue
CAM VAR8= 0xA00F, 0xEA // CAM_HUE_ANGLE
Figure 19:
+22° Hue
CAM VAR8= 0xA00F, 0x16 // CAM_HUE_ANGLE
MT9V115 DS Rev. E Pub. 5/15 EN
26
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MT9V115: 1/13-Inch VGA SOC Digital Image Sensor
Functional Description
Auto Exposure
The AE algorithm performs automatic adjustments of the image brightness by
controlling exposure time, and analog gains of the sensor core as well as digital gains
applied to the image.
The AE algorithm analyzes image statistics collected by the exposure measurement
engine, and then programs the sensor core and color pipeline to achieve the desired
exposure. AE uses 4 x 4 exposure statistics windows, which can be scaled in size to cover
any portion of the image.
The MT9V115 uses Average Brightness Tracking (Average Y), which uses a constant
average tracking algorithm where a target brightness value is compared to a current
brightness value, and the gain and integration time are adjusted accordingly to meet the
target requirement. The MT9V115 also has a weighted AE algorithm that allows the
sensor to be configured to respond to scene illuminance based on each of the weights in
the 4 x 4 exposure statistics windows.
The auto exposure can be configured to respond to scene illuminance based on certain
criteria by adjusting gains and integration time based on scene brightness.
Auto White Balance
The MT9V115 has a built-in AWB algorithm designed to compensate for the effects of
changing spectra of the scene illumination on the quality of the color rendition. The
algorithm consists of two major parts: a measurement engine performing statistical
analysis of the image and a module performing the selection of the optimal color correction matrix, digital, and sensor core analog gains. While default settings of these algorithms are adequate in most situations, the user can reprogram base color correction
matrices and place limits on color channel gains.
The AWB algorithm estimates the dominant color temperature of a light source in a
scene and adjusts the B/G, R/G gain ratios accordingly to produce an image for sRGB
display in which grey and white surfaces are reproduced faithfully. This usually means
that R,G,B are roughly equal for these surfaces hence the word “balance”.
The AWB algorithm uses statistics collected from the last frame to calculate the required
B/G and R/G ratios and set the blue and red analog sensor gains and digital SOC gains to
reproduce the most accurate grey and white surfaces in future frames.
Flicker Detection and Avoidance
Flicker occurs when the integration time is not an integer multiple of the period of the
light intensity. The automatic flicker detection module does not compensate for the
flicker, but rather avoids it by detecting the flicker frequency and adjusting the integration time. For integration times below the light intensity period (10ms for 50Hz environment, 8.33ms for 60Hz environment), flicker cannot be avoided.
While this fast flickering is marginally detectable by the human eye, it is very noticeable
in digital images because the flicker period of the light source is very close to the range of
digital images’ exposure times.
Many CMOS sensors use a “rolling shutter” readout mechanism that greatly improves
sensor data readout times. This allows pixel data to be read out much sooner than other
methods that wait until the entire exposure is complete before reading out the first pixel
data. The rolling shutter mechanism exposes a range of pixel rows at a time. This range
of exposed pixels starts at the top of the image and then “rolls” down to the bottom
MT9V115 DS Rev. E Pub. 5/15 EN
27
©Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2015.
MT9V115: 1/13-Inch VGA SOC Digital Image Sensor
Functional Description
during the exposure period of the frame. As each pixel row completes its exposure, it is
ready to be read out. If the light source oscillates (flickers) during this rolling shutter
exposure period, the image appears to have alternating light and dark horizontal bands.
If the sensor uses the traditional snapshot readout mechanism, in which all pixels are
exposed at the same time and then the pixel data is read out, then the image may appear
overexposed or underexposed due to light fluctuations from the flickering light source.
Lights operating on AC electric systems produce light flickering at a frequency of 100Hz
or 120Hz, twice the frequency of the power line.
To avoid this flicker effect, the exposure times must be multiples of the light source
flicker periods. For example, in a scene lit by 60Hz AC power source, the available exposure times are 8.33ms (1/120), 16.67ms, 25ms, 33.33ms, and so on.
In this case, the AE algorithm must limit the integration time to an integer multiple of
the light’s flicker period.
By default, the MT9V115 does all of this automatically, ensuring that all exposure times
avoid any noticeable light flicker in the scene. The MT9V115 AE algorithm is always
setting exposure times to be integer multipliers of either 100Hz (for 50Hz AC power
source) or 120Hz (for 60Hz AC power source). The flicker detection module keeps monitoring the incoming frames to detect whether the scene's lighting has changed to the
other of the two light source frequencies. A 50Hz/60Hz Tungsten lamp can be used to
calibrate the flicker detect settings.
Output Conversion and Formatting
The YUV data stream can either exit the color pipeline as is or be converted before exit to
an alternative YUV or RGB data format.
Color Conversion Formulas
Y'U'V'
This conversion is BT 601 scaled to make YUV range from 0 through 255. This setting is
recommended for JPEG encoding and is the most popular, although it is not well defined
and often misused in various operating systems.
Y  = 0.299  R  + 0.587  G  + 0.114  B 
(EQ 1)
U  = 0.564  (B  – Y   + 128
(EQ 2)
V  = 0.713  (R  – Y   + 128
(EQ 3)
There is an option where 128 is not added to U'V'.
Y'Cb'Cr' Using sRGB Formulas
The MT9V115 implements the sRGB standard. This option provides YCbCr coefficients
for a correct 4:2:2 transmission.
Note:
16 < Y601< 235; 16 < Cb < 240; 16 < Cr < 240; and 0 < = RGB < = 255
Y  = (0.2126  R  + 0.7152  G  + 0.0722  B    (219  256) + 16
MT9V115 DS Rev. E Pub. 5/15 EN
(EQ 4)
Cb  = 0.5389  (B  – Y    (224  256) + 128
(EQ 5)
Cr  = 0.635  (R  – Y    (224  256) + 128
(EQ 6)
28
©Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2015.
MT9V115: 1/13-Inch VGA SOC Digital Image Sensor
Functional Description
Y'U'V' Using sRGB Formulas
These are similar to the previous set of formulas, but have YUV spanning a range of 0
through 255.
Y  = 0.2126  R  + 0.7152  G  + 0.0722  B 
(EQ 7)
U  = 0.5389  (B  – Y  ) + 128 = – 0.1146  R ' – 0.3854  G' + 0.5  B' + 128
(EQ 8)
V  = 0.635  (R  – Y   + 128 = 0.5  R ' – 0.4542  G ' – 0.0458  B' + 128
(EQ 9)
There is an option to disable adding 128 to U'V'. The reverse transform is as follows:
R  = Y + 1.5748  V – 128
(EQ 10)
G  = Y – 0.1873  (U – 128  – 0.4681  (V – 128)
(EQ 11)
B  = Y + 1.8556  (U – 128)
(EQ 12)
Uncompressed YUV/RGB Data Ordering
The MT9V115 supports swapping YCbCr mode, as illustrated in Table 8.
Table 8:
YCbCr Output Data Ordering
Mode
Data Sequence
Default (no swap)
Swapped CrCb
Swapped YC
Swapped CrCb, YC
Yi
Yi
Cbi
Cri
Cbi
Cri
Yi
Yi
Cri
Cbi
Yi+1
Yi+1
Yi+1
Yi+1
Cri
Cbi
The RGB output data ordering in default mode is shown in Table 9. The odd and even
bytes are swapped when luma/chroma swap is enabled. R and B channels are bitwise
swapped when chroma swap is enabled.
Table 9:
RGB Ordering in Default Mode
Mode (Swap Disabled)
Byte
D7D6D5D4D3D2D1D0
565RGB
Odd
Even
R7R6R5R4R3G7G6G5
G4G3G2B7B6B5B4B3
Uncompressed 10-Bit Bypass Output
Raw 10-bit Bayer data from the sensor core can be output in bypass mode by using
DOUT[7:0] with a special 8 + 2 data format, shown in Table 10.
Table 10:
2-Byte Bayer Format
MT9V115 DS Rev. E Pub. 5/15 EN
Byte
Bits Used
Bit Sequence
Odd bytes
8 data bits
D9D8D7D6D5D4D3D2
Even bytes
2 data bits + 6 unused bits
0 0 0 0 0 0 D1D0
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©Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2015.
MT9V115: 1/13-Inch VGA SOC Digital Image Sensor
Functional Description
Table 11:
Note:
Data Formats Supported by MIPI Interface
Data Format
Data Type
YUV 422 8-bit
565RGB
RAW8
RAW10
0x1E
0x22
0x2A
0x2B
Data will be packed as RAW8 if the data type specified does not match any of the above data
types.
BT656
YUV data can also be output in BT656 format with odd SAV/EAV codes. The BT656 data
output will be progressive data and not interlaced (R0x3C00[5] = 1).
Figure 20:
BT656 Image Data with Odd SAV/EAV Codes
F ram e V alid
Line V alid
D ata [7:0]
80
10
80
10
80
10
80
B lank ing
10
FF
00
00
SAV
80
Cb
Y
Cr
Y
Cb
I m age
Y
Cr
Y
FF
00
0 0 9D
EAV
H B lank
80
10
80
10
80
10
B lank ing
H B lank
80
10
FF
00
00
SAV
80
Cb
Y
Cr
Y
Cb
I m age
Y
Cr
Y
FF
00
00
EAV
B6
80
10
80
10
B lank ing
H B lank
Active Video
Defect Correction(DC) and Noise Reduction(NR)
There is also a third output conversion format DCNR which is available in both MIPI and
parallel mode. DCNR mode allows the image to be either defect corrected or noise
corrected. In MIPI mode it is available as 10 bit output and in Parallel as 8+2 bit output.
There is a restriction on the number of lines as four are removed for the process resulting
in a maximum 648 x484 output.
MT9V115 DS Rev. E Pub. 5/15 EN
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MT9V115: 1/13-Inch VGA SOC Digital Image Sensor
Register and Variable Description
Register and Variable Description
To change internal registers and RAM variables of MT9V115, use the two-wire serial
interface through the external host device.
Note:
For more detailed information on MT9V115 registers and variables, see the MT9V115
Register and Variable Reference.
The sequencer is responsible for coordinating all events triggered by the user.
The sequencer provides the high-level control of the MT9V115. Commands are written
to the command variable to start streaming, stop streaming, and to select test pattern
modes. Command execution is confirmed by reading back the command variable with a
value of zero. The sequencer state variable can also be checked for transition to the
desired state. All configuration of the sensor (start/stop row/column, mirror, skipping)
and the SOC (image size, format) and automatic algorithms for AE, AWB, low light, are
performed when the sequencer is in the stopped state.
When the sequencer is in the idle or test pattern state the algorithms and register
updates are not performed, allowing the host complete manual control.
Table 12:
MT9V115 DS Rev. E Pub. 5/15 EN
Summary of MT9V115 Variables
Name
Variable Description
Monitor Variables
General information
Sequencer Variables
Programming control interface
Advanced Control Variables
Advanced Control Variables Information
FD Variables
Flicker Detect
AE_Track Variables
Auto Exposure
AWB Variables
Auto White Balance
Stat Variables
Statistics
Low Light Variables
Low Light
Cam Variables
Camera Controls
31
©Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2015.
MT9V115: 1/13-Inch VGA SOC Digital Image Sensor
Register and Variable Description
Two-Wire Serial Interface
The two-wire serial interface bus enables read and write access to control and status
registers within the MT9V115.
The interface protocol uses a master/slave model in which a master controls one or
more slave devices. The MT9V115 always operates in slave mode. The host (master)
generates a clock (SCLK) that is an input to the MT9V115 and is used to synchronize
transfers. Data is transferred between the master and the slave on a bidirectional signal
(SDATA).
Protocol
Data transfers on the two-wire serial interface bus are performed by a sequence of lowlevel protocol elements, as follows:
1. a (repeated) start condition
2. a slave address/data direction byte
3. a 16-bit register address (8-bit addresses are not supported)
4. an (a no) acknowledge bit
5. a 16-bit data transfer (8-bit data transfers are supported using XDMA byte access)
6. a stop condition
The bus is idle when both SCLK and SDATA are HIGH. Control of the bus is initiated with
a start condition, and the bus is released with a stop condition. Only the master can
generate the start and stop conditions.
A start condition is defined as a HIGH-to-LOW transition on SDATA while SCLK is HIGH.
At the end of a transfer, the master can generate a start condition without previously
generating a stop condition; this is known as a repeated start or restart condition.
A stop condition is defined as a LOW-to-HIGH transition on SDATA while SCLK is HIGH.
Data is transferred serially, 8 bits at a time, with the most significant bit (MSB) transmitted first. Each byte of data is followed by an acknowledge bit or a no-acknowledge bit.
This data transfer mechanism is used for the slave address/data direction byte and for
message bytes. One data bit is transferred during each SCLK clock period. SDATA can
change when SCLK is LOW and must be stable while SCLK is HIGH.
MT9V115 Slave Address
Bits [7:1] of this byte represent the device slave address and bit [0] indicates the data
transfer direction. A “0” in bit [0] indicates a WRITE, and a “1” indicates a READ. The
slave address default is 0x7A.
Messages
Message bytes are used for sending MT9V115 internal register addresses and data. The
host should always use 16-bit address (two bytes) and 16-bit data to access internal
registers. Refer to READ and WRITE cycles in Figure 21 on page 34 through Figure 25 on
page 36.
Each 8-bit data transfer is followed by an acknowledge bit or a no-acknowledge bit in the
SCLK clock period following the data transfer. The transmitter (which is the master when
writing, or the slave when reading) releases SDATA. The receiver indicates an acknowledge bit by driving SDATA LOW. For data transfers, SDATA can change when SCLK is LOW
and must be stable while SCLK is HIGH.
MT9V115 DS Rev. E Pub. 5/15 EN
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©Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2015.
MT9V115: 1/13-Inch VGA SOC Digital Image Sensor
Register and Variable Description
The no-acknowledge bit is generated when the receiver does not drive SDATA low during
the SCLK clock period following a data transfer. A no-acknowledge bit is used to terminate a read sequence.
Typical Operation
A typical READ or WRITE sequence begins by the master generating a start condition on
the bus. After the start condition, the master sends the 8-bit slave address/data direction
byte. The last bit indicates whether the request is for a READ or a WRITE, where a “0”
indicates a WRITE and a “1” indicates a READ. If the address matches the address of the
slave device, the slave device acknowledges receipt of the address by generating an
acknowledge bit on the bus.
If the request was a WRITE, the master then transfers the 16-bit register address to which
a WRITE will take place. This transfer takes place as two 8-bit sequences and the slave
sends an acknowledge bit after each sequence to indicate that the byte has been
received. The master will then transfer the 16-bit data, as two 8-bit sequences and the
slave sends an acknowledge bit after each sequence to indicate that the byte has been
received. The master stops writing by generating a (re)start or stop condition. If the
request was a READ, the master sends the 8-bit write slave address/data direction byte
and 16-bit register address, just as in the WRITE request. The master then generates a
(re)start condition and the 8-bit read slave address/data direction byte, and clocks out
the register data, 8 bits at a time. The master generates an acknowledge bit after each
8-bit transfer. The data transfer is stopped when the master sends a no-acknowledge bit.
Single READ from Random Location
Figure 21 shows the typical READ cycle of the host to MT9V115. The first 2 bytes sent by
the host are an internal 16-bit register address. The following 2-byte READ cycle sends
the contents of the registers to host.
Figure 21:
Single READ from Random Location
Previous Reg Address, N
S
Slave Address
S = start condition
P = stop condition
Sr = restart condition
A = acknowledge
A = no-acknowledge
MT9V115 DS Rev. E Pub. 5/15 EN
0 A Reg Address[15:8]
A
Reg Address, M
Reg Address[7:0]
A Sr
Slave Address
1 A
M+1
Read Data
A P
slave to master
master to slave
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MT9V115: 1/13-Inch VGA SOC Digital Image Sensor
Register and Variable Description
Single READ from Current Location
Figure 22 shows the single READ cycle without writing the address. The internal address
will use the previous address value written to the register.
Figure 22:
Single Read from Current Location
Previous
Reg Address,
N
Previous
Reg Address,
N
S
S
SlaveAddress
Address
Slave
1 1A
A
N+1
Read Data Read Data
A
Read Data
[7:0] A A
[15:8]
P
N+2
Reg Address, N+1
N+L-1
N+2
Read Data
S
Slave A
Address Read1Data
A [15:8] A
Read Data
A
Read Data
A PData
[7:0] Read
A
Sequential READ, Start from Random Location
This sequence (Figure 23) starts in the same way as the single READ from random location (Figure 21 on page 34). Instead of generating a no-acknowledge bit after the first
byte of data has been transferred, the master generates an acknowledge bit and
continues to perform byte READs until “L” bytes have been read.
Figure 23:
Sequential READ, Start from Random Location
Previous Reg Address, N
S
Slave Address
0 A Reg Address[15:8]
M+1
M+2
Read Data
A
A
Reg Address, M
Reg Address[7:0]
Slave Address
M+L-2
M+3
Read Data
A Sr
Read Data
A
1 A
M+L-1
Read Data
A
M+1
Read Data
A
M+L
A S
Sequential READ, Start from Current Location
This sequence (Figure 24) starts in the same way as the single READ from current location (Figure 22). Instead of generating a no-acknowledge bit after the first byte of data
has been transferred, the master generates an acknowledge bit and continues to
perform byte reads until “L” bytes have been read.
Figure 24:
Sequential READ, Start from Current Location
Previous Reg Address, N
S
Slave Address
MT9V115 DS Rev. E Pub. 5/15 EN
1 A
Read Data
N+1
A
N+2
Read Data
34
A
Read Data
N+L-1
A
Read Data
N+L
A S
©Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2015.
MT9V115: 1/13-Inch VGA SOC Digital Image Sensor
Register and Variable Description
Single Write to Random Location
Figure 25 shows the typical WRITE cycle from the host to the MT9V115. The first 2 bytes
indicate a 16-bit address of the internal registers with most-significant byte first. The
following 2 bytes indicate the 16-bit data.
Figure 25:
Single WRITE to Random Location
Previous Reg Address, N
S
Slave Address
0 A Reg Address[15:8]
A
Reg Address, M
Reg Address[7:0]
Write Data
A
M+1
A P
A
Sequential WRITE, Start at Random Location
This sequence (Figure 26) starts in the same way as the single WRITE to random location
(Figure 25). Instead of generating a no-acknowledge bit after the first byte of data has
been transferred, the master generates an acknowledge bit and continues to perform
byte writes until “L” bytes have been written. The WRITE is terminated by the master
generating a stop condition.
Figure 26:
Sequential WRITE, Start at Random Location
Previous Reg Address, N
S
Slave Address
0 A Reg Address[15:8]
M+1
Write Data
MT9V115 DS Rev. E Pub. 5/15 EN
M+2
A
Write Data
A
Reg Address, M
Reg Address[7:0]
M+3
A
35
A
Write Data
M+L-2
Write Data
M+1
A
M+L-1
A
Write Data
M+L
A
S
A
©Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2015.
MT9V115: 1/13-Inch VGA SOC Digital Image Sensor
Slave Address Selection in Dual Camera Application (Only for Parallel Not Sup-
Slave Address Selection in Dual Camera Application (Only for Parallel Not Supported
in Serial)
The MT9V115 offers a special function specifically for mobile phone applications. This is
the ability to connect two image sensors in a dual-camera configuration. A block
diagram of this mode is shown in Figure 27. By toggling between the two STANDBY pins,
the image data can be taken off either image sensor.
Figure 27:
Dual Camera
2.8V
1.8V
2.8V
1.8V
R pullup
R pullup
V DD _IO V DD
V DD _IO V DD
V DD _PLL V AA
V DD _PLL V AA
V DD_PHY
V DD_PHY
SC LK
SC LK
S CLK
SDATA
S DATA
FV
S CLK
S DATA
S DATA
FV
LV
LV
P IX C LK
P IX C LK
MT9V115
DATA_N
DATA_N
DATA_P
MT9V115
M C LK
M C LK
E X T C LK
E X T C LK
ST AN D BY_1
D OUT [7: 0]
ST AN D BY_2
V PP
G N D_IO D GND
D OUT[7: 0]
STAN D BY
STAN D BY
VPP
VPP
DATA_P
V PP
G N D_IO D GND
G N D_PLL A GND
D GND
A GND
G N D_PLL A GND
A GND
D GND
C a m e ra A
C a m e ra B
The process for changing the slave address for Camera B is set out below:
1. Power up Camera A (0x7A) and B (0x7A). with HARD STANDBY asserted.
(Both Camera A and B are in HARD STANDBY)
2. Take camera B out of HARD STANDBY
3. Change the address of Camera B (0x78) by writing to a register.
4. Put Camera B back to HARD STANDBY
5. Take Camera A out of HARD STANDBY.
Camera A (0x7A) and Camera B (0x78) now have different slave addresses.
One-Time Programming Memory (OTPM)
The MT9V115 has one-time programmable memory (OTPM) for supporting defect
correction, module ID, and other customer-related information. There are 2784 bits of
OTPM available for these listed features. The OTPM can be programmed when the VPP
voltage is applied.
MT9V115 DS Rev. E Pub. 5/15 EN
36
©Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2015.
MT9V115: 1/13-Inch VGA SOC Digital Image Sensor
Spectral Characteristics
Spectral Characteristics
Figure 28:
Chief Ray Angle (CRA) vs. Image Height
CRA vs. Image Height Plot
30
28
26
24
22
20
CRA (deg)
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Image Height (%)
MT9V115 DS Rev. E Pub. 5/15 EN
38
80
90
100
110
Image Height
CRA
(%)
(mm)
(deg)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
0
0.035
0.070
0.105
0.140
0.175
0.210
0.245
0.280
0.315
0.350
0.385
0.420
0.455
0.490
0.525
0.560
0.595
0.630
0.665
0.700
0
1.23
2.46
3.70
4.94
6.18
7.43
8.67
9.90
11.13
12.36
13.57
14.77
15.97
17.14
18.31
19.45
20.58
21.69
22.77
23.83
©Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2015.
MT9V115: 1/13-Inch VGA SOC Digital Image Sensor
Spectral Characteristics
Figure 29:
Quantum Efficiency
R
Gr
Gb
B
60
50
QE (%)
40
30
20
10
390
410
430
450
470
490
510
530
550
570
590
610
630
650
670
690
710
730
750
770
790
810
830
850
870
890
910
930
950
970
990
1010
1030
1050
1070
1090
0
Wavelength (nm)
MT9V115 DS Rev. E Pub. 5/15 EN
39
©Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2015.
MT9V115: 1/13-Inch VGA SOC Digital Image Sensor
Electrical Specifications
Electrical Specifications
Caution
Table 13:
Stresses above those listed in Table 13 may cause permanent damage to the device.
Absolute Maximum Ratings
Rating
Symbol
Parameter
Min
Max
Unit
VDD
Core digital voltage
–0.3
2.4
V
VDD_IO
I/O digital voltage
–0.3
4.0
V
Analog voltage
–0.3
4.0
V
VAA_PIX
Pixel supply voltage
–0.3
4.0
V
VDD_PLL
PLL supply voltage
–0.3
4.0
V
VPP
OTPM power supply
7.5
9.5
V
VIN
Input voltage
–0.3
VDD_IO + 0.3
V
TOP
Operating temperature (measure at junction)
–30
70
°C
Storage temperature
–40
85
°C
VAA
TSTG1
Note:
This is a stress rating only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions
above those indicated in the product specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum
rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
Recommended Operating Conditions
Table 14:
Symbol
VDD
VDD_IO
Operating Conditions
Parameter
Min
Typ
Max
Core digital voltage
1.7
1.8
1.95
V
2.5
2.8
3.1
V
I/O digital voltage
Units
1.7
1.8
1.95
V
2.5
2.8
3.1
V
2.5 in MIPI mode
VDD_IO in parallel
mode
2.8 in MIPI mode
VDD_IO in parallel
mode
3.1 in MIPI mode
VDD_IO in parallel
mode
V
MIPI supply voltage
VAA_PIX
Pixel supply voltage
2.5
2.8
3.1
V
VDD_PLL
PLL supply voltage
2.5
2.8
3.1
V
OTPM power supply
8.5
8.5
9
V
Operating temperature (at
junction)
–30
55
70
°C
VAA
Analog voltage
VDD_PHY
VPP
TJ
MT9V115 DS Rev. E Pub. 5/15 EN
40
©Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2015.
MT9V115: 1/13-Inch VGA SOC Digital Image Sensor
Electrical Specifications
Table 15:
DC Electrical Characteristics
Symbol
Parameter
VIH
VIL
IIN
VOH
Input HIGH voltage
Input LOW voltage
Input leakage current
Output HIGH voltage
VOL
Output LOW voltage
Table 16:
Condition
VIN = 0V or VIN = VDD_IO
VDD_IO = 1.8V, IOH = 2mA
VDD_IO = 1.8V, IOH = 4mA
VDD_IO = 1.8V, IOH = 8mA
VDD_IO = 2.8V, IOH = 2mA
VDD_IO = 2.8V, IOH = 4mA
VDD_IO = 2.8V, IOH = 8mA
VDD_IO = 1.8V, IOH = 2mA
VDD_IO = 1.8V, IOH = 4mA
VDD_IO = 1.8V, IOH = 8mA
VDD_IO = 2.8V, IOH = 2mA
VDD_IO = 2.8V, IOH = 4mA
VDD_IO = 2.8V, IOH = 8mA
Min
Max
Unit
0.7 * VDD_IO
–0.3
VDD_IO + 0.5
0.3 * VDD_IO
10
–
–
–
–
–
–
0.1
0.2
0.4
0.1
0.2
0.4
V
V
A
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
1.7
1.6
1.4
2.7
2.6
2.5
–
–
–
–
–
–
Operating/Standby Current Consumption
fEXTCLK = 44 MHz; fPIXCLK = 22 MHz; voltages = Typ; T = Typ; excludes VDD_IO current
J
Symbol
Parameter
IDD
IAA
IDD_PLL
Typ
Max
Unit
Digital operating current
Analog operating current
PLL supply current
Total supply current
Total power consumption
Digital operating current
Analog operating current
PLL supply current
MIPI PHY supply current
9
8
5.5
22.5
54
11
8
5.5
6.5
9.5
8.5
6
24
57.7
12
8.5
6
7
mA
mA
mA
mA
mW
mA
mA
mA
mA
Total supply current (MIPI)
Total power consumption (MIPI)
Total standby current when asserting the
STANDBY signal
Standby power
Total standby current
31
75.8
19
33.5
81.8
22
mA
mW
μA 1
45
2.3
53
2.5
μW1
mA1
4.5
19
4.9
22
mW 1
μA 1
45
53
μW1
IDD (MIPI)
IAA (MIPI)
IDD_PLL (MIPI)
IDD_PHY
(MIPI)
Hard standby
(clock off)
Soft standby
(clock on)
Soft standby
(clock off)
Standby power
Total standby current
Condition
fEXTCLK = 44 MHz,
Soft standby mode
Soft standby mode
Standby power
Note:
MT9V115 DS Rev. E Pub. 5/15 EN
1. This does not include VDD_IO current.
41
©Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2015.
MT9V115: 1/13-Inch VGA SOC Digital Image Sensor
Electrical Specifications
Table 17:
AC Electrical Characteristics
f
EXTCLK = 4–44 MHz; VDD = 1.8V; VDD_IO = 1.8V–2.8V; VAA = 2.8V; VAA_PIX = 2.8V; VDD_PLL = 2.8V; CLOAD = 30pF
Symbol
Parameter
Conditions
Min
f
External clock frequency
PLL enabled
4
EXTCLK
t
R
t
F
Input clock rise time
–
Input clock fall time
Clock duty cycle
t
JITTER
Output signal
slew
fPIXCLK
tPD
tPFH
Max
Unit
44
MHz
–
5
ns
2
–
5
ns
2
–
55
%
–
1
ns
Rise and fall time of parallel output
VDD_IO = 2.8V
signals (PIXCLK FV, LV, DOUT) with slew
Input clock = 48
rate programmed to 7. See SYSCTL
MHz
register 0x001E.
CLOAD = 30pf
CLOAD = 50pf
–
–
3
4
–
–
ns
ns
Rise and fall time of parallel output
signals (PIXCLK, FV, LV, DOUT) with
slew rate programmed to 4. See
SYSCTL register 0x001E.
=
CLOAD = 30pf
CLOAD = 50pf
–
–
4
5
–
–
ns
ns
CLOAD = 30pf
CLOAD = 50pf
–
–
9
11
–
–
ns
ns
Rise and fall time of parallel output
signals (PIXCLK, FV, LV, DOUT) with
slew rate programmed to 0. See
SYSCTL register 0x001E.
tPIXCLK_JITTER
45
Input clock jitter (peak-to-peak jitter)
Typ
VDD_IO = 2.8V
Input clock = 48
MHz
PIXCLK frequency
–
–
22
MHz
1.3
2.1
3.7
ns
PIXCLK to data valid
–
–
5
ns
PIXCLK to FV HIGH
–
–
4
ns
Pixel clock jitter (output jitter, peakto-peak)
Input clock = 44 MHz,
CLOAD = 30pF
tPLH
PIXCLK to LV HIGH
–
–
4
ns
tPFL
PIXCLK to FV LOW
–
–
4
ns
tPLL
PIXCLK to LV LOW
–
–
4
ns
CIN
Input pin capacitance
7
–
pF
Notes:
MT9V115 DS Rev. E Pub. 5/15 EN
Note
1
1. PIXCLK output signal can be inverted internally by programming register.
2. It is only necessary to meet this spec when the PLL is bypassed. If the PLL is being using then VIH/
VIL should be met.
42
©Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2015.
MT9V115: 1/13-Inch VGA SOC Digital Image Sensor
Electrical Specifications
Figure 30:
Parallel Pixel Bus Timing Diagram
3
PIXCLK
tPD
DOUT[7:0]
FRAME_VALID,
LINE_VALID
tPFL
2
tPLL
tPFH
tPLH 1
Notes:
Table 18:
1.
2.
3.
4.
PLL disabled.
FRAME_VALID leads LINE_VALID by 6 PIXCLKs.
FRAME_VALID trails LINE_VALID by 6 PIXCLKs.
DOUT[7:0], FRAME_VALID, and LINE_VALID are shown with respect to the rising edge of PIXCLK. This
feature is programmable and DOUT[7:0], FRAME_VALID, and LINE_VALID can be synchronized to the
falling edge of PIXCLK.
5. Propagation delay is measured from 50% of rising and falling edges
MIPI Timing Measurements: Clock
Parameter
MIPI Spec 1.0
Min
Typical
(Median)
Max
Units
Register
Set to
TCLK-POST
603
603
605
ns
0x3C52[8-13]
9 (13)
89
90
90
ns
N/A
N/A
TCLK-TRAIL
>(60ns+52UI)
355.45
<(102+12UI)
10.18
>60
78
78
78
ns
0x3C54[8-11]
2
THS-EXIT
>100
5187
5189
5189
ns
0x3C50[8-13]
3
TLPX
>50
90
91
92
ns
0x3C56[0-5]
2
TEOT
TCLK-PREPARE
38 – 95
61
63
65
ns
0x3C5A[2-3]
2
TCLK-ZERO
No Spec
442
445
446
ns
0x3C54[0-5]
7
TCLK-PREPARE
& TCLK-ZERO
>300
508
508
509
ns
N/A
N/A
TCLK-PRE
>(8UI) 45.45
81
83
83
ns
0x3C52[0-5]
2
MT9V115 DS Rev. E Pub. 5/15 EN
43
©Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2015.
MT9V115: 1/13-Inch VGA SOC Digital Image Sensor
Electrical Specifications
Figure 31:
MIPI Clock Timing
TCLK-POST
TEOT
TCLK-SETTLE
TCLK-MISS
TCLK-TERM-EN
VIH-MIN
VIL-MAX
TCLK-TRAIL
THS-EXIT
TLPX
TCLK-PREPARE TCLK-ZERO
TCLK-PRE
TLPX
THS-SETTLE
VIH-MIN
VIL-MAX
THS-SKIP
THS-PREPARE
Table 19:
THS-ZERO
MIPI Timing Measurements: Data
Parameter
MIPI Spec 1.0
Min
Typical
(Median)
Max
Units
Register
Set To
TLPX
>50
92
93
93
ns
0x3C56[0-5]
2
THS-PREPARE
(40+4UI)to (85+6UI)
62.73 –119.09
64
67
69
ns
0x3C5A[0-1]
2
THS-ZERO
No Spec
630
630
635
ns
0x3C4E[8-11]
5
THS-PREPARE & THSZERO
>(145+10UI)
>201.82
697
700
703
ns
N/A
N/A
THS-TRAIL
>(60+4UI) & >(8UI)
82.73 -45.45
165
165
167
ns
0x3C50[0-3]
3
MT9V115 DS Rev. E Pub. 5/15 EN
44
©Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2015.
MT9V115: 1/13-Inch VGA SOC Digital Image Sensor
Electrical Specifications
Table 20:
MIPI High Speed (HS)
Parameter
MIPI Spec 1.0
Min
Typical
(Median)
Max
Units
|VOD| HS transmit differential voltage
140 - 270
203
209
219
mV
VCMTX HS transmit static common mode voltage
150 - 250
196
201
213
mV
|ΔVOD| HS VOD mismatch
• 10
2
5
7
mV
|ΔVCMTX(1,0)| VCMTX mismatch
•5
0
1
1
mV
VOHHS HS Output HIGH Voltage
<360
300
308
322
mV
ZOS Single ended output impedance
40 – 62.5
43
45
46
Ω
ΔZOS Single ended output impedance mismatch
• 10%
0.66
1.75
3.6
%
tR 20%-80% rise time
150ps to 0.3UI (1.7ns)
322
364
408
ps
tF 20%-80% fall time
150ps to 0.3UI (1.7ns)
351
397
438
ps
Eye width
5.581
ns
0.0177
UI
UI Error
±0.2
Data to Clock Skew
±0.15
0.006
0.004
0.001
UI
|VOD| HS transmit differential voltage
140 - 270
203
209
219
mV
MT9V115 DS Rev. E Pub. 5/15 EN
45
©Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2015.
MT9V115: 1/13-Inch VGA SOC Digital Image Sensor
Electrical Specifications
Table 21:
MIPI Low Power (LP)
Parameter
MIPI
Spec 1.0
Min
Typical
(Median)
Max
Units
VOL output low level
VOH output high level
ZOLP Output impedance of LP
tRLP 15%-85% Rise Time
tFLP 15%-85% Fall Time
tRLP 15%-85% Rise Time (Heavy load)
tFLP 15%-85% Fall Time (Heavy load)
Slew rate, (CLOAD = 0pF)
Slew rate, (CLOAD = 5pF)
Slew rate, (CLOAD = 20pF)
Slew rate, (CLOAD = 70pF)
Slew rate, (CLOAD = 20pF) (Heavy Load)
Slew rate, (CLOAD = 70pF) (Heavy Load)
±50
1.1 –1.3
 110
 25
 25
 25
 25
 500
 300
 250
 150
 250
 150
4.12
1.18
140
142.8
13.79
12.18
11.95
N/A
N/A
62.1
69.39
94.9
55
6.70
1.21
147
15.27
14.35
13.19
12.61
N/A
N/A
91.81
76.06
117.2
91.85
13.9
1.24
156
15.86
16.15
13.62
13.45
N/A
N/A
151
85.32
179
102.65
mV
V
Ω
ns
ns
ns
ns
mV/ns
mV/ns
mV/ns
mV/ns
mV/ns
mV/ns
Figure 32:
MIPI Data Timing
TEOT
THS-SETTLE
TD-TERM-EN
DISCONNECT
TERMINATOR
THS-SKIP
VIH-MIN
VIL-MAX
VTERM-EN(MAX)
VIDTH(MAX)
TREOT
TLPX
LP-11
Table 22:
THS-PREPARE THS-ZERO
LP-01
THS-SYNC
LP-00
THS-TRAIL
Capture 1st
Data Bit
THSEXIT
LP-11
Two-Wire Serial Interface Timing Data
f
EXTCLK = 14 MHz; VDD = 1.8V; VDD_IO = 1.8V; VAA = 2.8V; VAA_PIX = 2.8V;
VDD_PLL = 2.8V; TJ = 70°C; CLOAD = 68.5pF
Symbol
Parameter
fSCLK
Serial interface input clock frequency
tSCLK
Serial interface input clock period
tLOW
SCLK LOW period
Conditions
Min
Max
Unit
100
400
kHz
2.5
10
s
SCLK duty cycle
MT9V115 DS Rev. E Pub. 5/15 EN
Typ
50
1
46
55
%
s
©Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2015.
MT9V115: 1/13-Inch VGA SOC Digital Image Sensor
Electrical Specifications
Symbol
t
HIGH
t
r
Parameter
Conditions
SCLK HIGH PERIOD
Min
Typ
Max
s
1
SCLK/SDATA rise time
Unit
300
ns
tSRTS
Start setup time
Master write to slave
600
ns
t
SRTH
Start hold time
Master write to slave
300
ns
t
SDATA hold
Master write to slave
300
ns
SDH
t
SDATA setup
Master write to slave
300
ns
SHAW
SDATA hold to ack
Master read from slave
300
ns
SDS
t
t
AHSW
Ack hold to SDATA
Master read from slave
300
ns
t
STPS
Stop setup time
Master write to slave
300
ns
t
STPH
Stop hold time
Master write to slave
600
ns
tSHAR
SDATA hold to ack
Master write to slave
150
ns
tAHSR
Ack hold to SDATA
Master write to slave
150
tSDHR
SDATA hold
Master read from slave
300
tSDSR
SDATA setup
Master read from slave
300
MT9V115 DS Rev. E Pub. 5/15 EN
47
ns
650
ns
ns
©Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2015.
MT9V115: 1/13-Inch VGA SOC Digital Image Sensor
Electrical Specifications
Figure 33:
Two-Wire Serial Bus Timing Parameters
Write Sequence
tSRTS
tSDS
tSCLK
tSRTH
tSTPS
tSHAW
tAHSW
tSDH
tSTPH
SCLK
SDATA
Write Start
Write
Address
Bit 7
Write
Address
Bit 0
Read Sequence
Register
Value
Bit 0
Register
Value
Bit 7
Ack
Ack
Stop
tSDSR
tSHAR
tAHSR
tSDHR
SCLK
SDATA
Read Start
MT9V115 DS Rev. E Pub. 5/15 EN
Read
Address
Bit 7
Read
Address
Bit 0
Register
Value
Bit 7
Ack
48
Register
Value
Bit 0
©Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2015.
MT9V115: 1/13-Inch VGA SOC Digital Image Sensor
Power Sequence
Power Sequence
Power-Up Sequence
Powering up the sensor requires the supply rails to be applied in a particular order to
ensure sensor start up in a normal operation and prevent undesired condition such as
latch up from happening. Refer to Figure 34 andTable 23 for detailed timing requirement.
Figure 34:
Power-Up Sequence
VDD
t1
VAA , VDD_IO, VDD_PHY
VDD_PLL
EXTCLK
t2
t3
t4
Internal POR
t5
SCLK
SDATA
Table 23:
Power- Up Signal Timing
Symbol
Parameter
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
t1
t2
t3
t4
t5
Delay from VDD to VAA and VDD_IO and VDD_PHY
Delay from VDD to VDD_PLL
EXTCLK activation
Internal POR Duration
First Serial Write
0
0
0
70
50
–
–
500
-
500
500
–
-
ms
ms
ms
EXTCLKs
EXTCLKs
MT9V115 DS Rev. E Pub. 5/15 EN
49
©Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2015.
MT9V115: 1/13-Inch VGA SOC Digital Image Sensor
Power Sequence
Power-Down Sequence
Figure 35:
Power-Down Sequence
V DD (1.8)
t1
V DD_IO (2.8/1.8)
t2
V AA (2.8)
t3
P ow er D o w n until next P ow er U p C y
Table 24:
Power-Down Supply Rail Timing
Definition
Symbol
Minimum
Typical
Maximum
Unit
VDD to VDD_IO and VDD_PHY
VDD_IO and VDD_PHY to VAA
PwrDn until Next PwrUp Time1
t1
t2
t3
0
0
100
-
500
500
-
ms
ms
ms
Note:
MT9V115 DS Rev. E Pub. 5/15 EN
1. t3 is required between power down and next power up time, all decoupling caps from regulators
must completely discharged before next power up.
50
©Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2015.
MT9V115: 1/13-Inch VGA SOC Digital Image Sensor
Revision History
Revision History
Rev. E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5/5/15
• Updated to ON Semiconductor template
• Removed Confidential marking
• Updated “Ordering Information” on page 2
Rev. D . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9/29/11
• Updated Table 16, “Operating/Standby Current Consumption,” on page 41
Rev. C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6/16/11
• Updated Table 1 on page 1
• Updated Figure 1 on page 6
• Updated Figure 2 on page 8
• Updated Table 3 on page 10
• Updated Table 4 on page 10
• Updated “Power-On Reset” on page 11
• Updated “Exiting Standby Mode” on page 12
• Updated “De-assert STANDBY signal (LOW).” on page 12
• Updated “Entering Standby Mode” on page 13
• Updated Figure 4 on page 13
• Updated“Parallel Image Data Output Interface” on page 14
• Updated Figure 5 on page 14
• Updated “Serial Port” on page 15
• Replaced Figure 14 on page 21 with new figure
• Updated Figure 15 on page 23
• Updated “Gamma Correction” on page 25
• Updated Figure 17, Figure 18, and Figure 19
• Updated “Flicker Detection and Avoidance” on page 28
• Updated Table 12 on page 32
• Added Figure 29: “Quantum Efficiency,” on page 39
• Updated Table 16, “Operating/Standby Current Consumption,” on page 41
• Add Table 18, Table 19, Table 20 and Table 21
• Add Figure 31 on page 44 and Figure 32 on page 46
• Updated Table 23 on page 49 and Table 24 on page 50
Rev. B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1/13/10
• Added “Hard Standby Mode” on page 11 and“Soft Standby Mode” on page 12
• Added “Power Sequence” on page 48
• Updated Table 1, “Key Parameters,” on page 1
• Added note to“Features” on page 1
• Updated “Power-On Reset” on page 11
• Added odd before “BT656” on page 31
• Updated Table 17, “AC Electrical Characteristics,” on page 42
MT9V115 DS Rev. E Pub. 5/15 EN
51
©Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2015.
MT9V115: 1/13-Inch VGA SOC Digital Image Sensor
Revision History
Rev. A, Advance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9/16/10
• Initial release.
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MT9V115 DS Rev. E Pub. 5/15 EN
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©Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2015 .