PIC12F6XX/16F6XX PIC12F6XX/16F6XX Memory Programming Specification This document includes the programming specifications for the following device: • PIC12F635 • PIC16F684 • PIC12F683 • PIC16F685 • PIC16F631 • PIC16F687 • PIC16F636 • PIC16F688 • PIC16F639 • PIC16F689 • PIC16F677 • PIC16F690 1.0 1.1 PIC12F6XX/16F6XX devices require one power supply for VDD (5.0V) and one for VPP (12.0V). 1.2 Program/Verify Mode The Program/Verify mode for the PIC12F6XX/16F6XX devices allow programming of user program memory, data memory, user ID locations and the Configuration Word. Programming and verification can take place on any memory region, independent of the remaining regions. This allows independent programming of program and data memory regions. Therefore, unprotected data memory can be reprogrammed and protected without losing the content in the program memory. PROGRAMMING THE PIC12F6XX/16F6XX DEVICES The PIC12F6XX/16F6XX devices are programmed using a serial method. The Serial mode will allow the PIC12F6XX/16F6XX devices to be programmed while in the user’s system. This programming specification applies to the PIC12F6XX/16F6XX devices in all packages. TABLE 1-1: Hardware Requirements PIN DESCRIPTIONS IN PROGRAM/VERIFY MODE During Programming Pin Name GP1/RA1 GP0/RA0 Function Pin Type ICSPCLK I Pin Description Clock input – Schmitt Trigger input ICSPDAT I/O Data input/output – Schmitt Trigger input Program/Verify mode P(1) Program Mode Select VDD VDD P Power Supply VSS VSS P Ground MCLR Legend: I = Input, O = Output, P = Power Note 1: In the PIC12F6XX/16F6XX, the programming high voltage is internally generated. To activate the Program/Verify mode, high voltage needs to be applied to MCLR input. Since the MCLR is used for a level source, MCLR does not draw any significant current. 2009-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001204J-page 1 PIC12F6XX/16F6XX FIGURE 1-1: 8-PIN DIAGRAM FOR PIC12F635/683 FIGURE 1-2: VDD 1 GP5/OSC1/CLKIN 2 GP4/OSC2/CLKOUT 3 GP3/MCLR/VPP 4 PIC12F635/683 PDIP, SOIC, DFN 8 VSS 7 GP0/ICSPDAT 6 GP1/ICSPCLK 5 GP2 14-PIN DIAGRAM FOR PIC16F636/684/688 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 VDD RA5/OSC1/CLKIN RA4/OSC2/CLKOUT RA3/MCLR/VPP RC5 RC4 RC3 FIGURE 1-3: PIC16F636/684/688 PDIP, SOIC, TSSOP 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 VSS RA0/ICSPDAT RA1/ICSPCLK RA2 RC0 RC1 RC2 16-PIN DIAGRAMS FOR PIC16F636/684/688 VDD NC NC VSS 16 15 14 13 QFN RA5/OSC1/CLKIN 1 12 RA0/ICSPDAT RA4/OSC2/CLKOUT 2 11 RA1/ICSPCLK RA3/MCLR/VPP 3 10 RA2 RC5 4 9 RC0 DS40001204J-page 2 RC1 8 RC2 7 RC3 6 RC4 5 PIC16F636/684/688 2009-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC12F6XX/16F6XX 20-PIN DIAGRAMS VDD RA5/OSC1/CLKIN RA4/OSC2/CLKOUT RA3/MCLR/VPP RC5 RC4 RC3 VDDT LCZ LCY 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 FIGURE 1-5: 1 2 3 4 5 6 RC5 RC4 RC3 RC6 RC7 7 8 9 RB7 10 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 VSS RA0/ICSPDAT RA1/ICSPCLK RA2 RC0 RC1 RC2 VSST LCCOM LCX 11 10 VDD RA5/OSC1/CLKIN RA4/OSC2/CLKOUT RA3/MCLR/VPP Note 1: PIC16F639 PDIP, SOIC(1), TSSOP PIC16F631/677/685/687/689/690 FIGURE 1-4: 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 VSS RA0/ICSPDAT RA1/ICSPCLK RA2 RC0 RC1 RC2 RB4 RB5 RB6 11 PIC16F631, PIC16F677, PIC16F685, PIC16F687, PIC16F689 and PIC16F690 only. 20-PIN DIAGRAM FOR PIC16F631/677/685/687/689/690 RA4/OSC2/CLKOUT RA5/OSC1/CLKIN VDD VSS RA0/ICSPDAT 20 19 18 17 16 QFN 11 2009-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. RB4 5 9 RC6 10 4 RB5 RC3 RB6 3 8 RC4 PIC16F631/677/ 685/687/689/690 13 12 RA2 7 RA1/ICSPCLK 14 6 15 2 RB7 1 RC5 RC7 RA3/MCLR/VPP RC0 RC1 RC2 DS40001204J-page 3 PIC12F6XX/16F6XX 2.0 MEMORY DESCRIPTION 2.1 Program Memory Map The user memory space extends from 0x0000 to 0x1FFF. In Program/Verify mode, the program memory space extends from 0x0000 to 0x3FFF, with the first half (0x0000-0x1FFF) being user program memory and the second half (0x2000-0x3FFF) being configuration memory. The PC will increment from 0x0000 to 0x1FFF and wrap to 0x000, 0x2000 to 0x3FFF and wrap around to 0x2000 (not to 0x0000). Once in configuration memory, the highest bit of the PC stays a ‘1’, thus always pointing to the configuration memory. The only way to point to user program memory is to reset the part and reenter Program/Verify mode as described in Section 3.0 “Program/Verify Mode”. For the PIC12F6XX/16F6XX (not including PIC12F635/ 636/639) devices, the configuration memory space, 0x2000 to 0x2008 are physically implemented. However, only locations 0x2000 to 0x2003, 0x2007 and 0x2008 are available. Other locations are reserved. For the PIC12F635/636/639 devices, the configuration memory space (0x2000-0x2009) are physically implemented. However, only locations 0x2000 to 0x2003 and locations 0x2006 to 0x2009 are available. Other locations are reserved. 2.2 User ID Locations A user may store identification information (user ID) in four designated locations. The user ID locations are mapped in 0x2000 to 0x2003. It is recommended that the user use only the seven Least Significant bits (LSb) of each user ID location. The user ID locations read out normally, even after code protection is enabled. It is recommended that ID locations are written as ‘xx xxxx xbbb bbbb’ where ‘bbb bbbb’ is user ID information. The 14 bits may be programmed, but only the seven LSb’s are displayed by MPLAB® IDE. The xxxx’s are “don’t care” bits and are not read by MPLAB® IDE. DS40001204J-page 4 2.3 Calibration Word For the PIC16F631/677/685/687/689/690 (not including PIC12F635/636/639) devices, the 8 MHz Internal Oscillator (INTOSC), the Power-on Reset (POR) and the Brown-out Reset (BOR) modules are factory calibrated. These values are stored in the Calibration Word (0x2008). See the applicable device data sheet for more information. For the PIC12F635/636/639 devices, the 8 MHz Internal Oscillator (INTOSC), the Power-on Reset and the Brown-out Reset modules are factory calibrated and stored in the Calibration Word (0x2008). The Wake-up Reset (WUR) and Low-Voltage Detect (LVD) modules are factory calibrated and stored in the Calibration Word (0x2009). See the applicable device data sheet for more information. The Calibration Word locations are written at the time of manufacturing and are not erased when a Bulk Erase is performed. See Section 3.1.5.10 “Bulk Erase Program Memory” for more information on the various erase sequences. However, it is possible to inadvertently write to these locations. The device may not function properly or may operate outside of specifications if the Calibration Word locations do not contain the correct value. Therefore, it is recommended that the Calibration Words be read prior to any programming procedure and verified after programming is complete. See Figure 3-21 for a flowchart of the recommended verification procedure. The device should not be used if the verification of the Calibration Word values fail after the device is programmed. The 0x3FFF value is a special case, it is a valid calibration value but, it is also the erased state of the register. TABLE 1: Device MEMORY CAPACITY EEDATA Program Flash PIC12F635 128 x 8 1k x 14 PIC12F683 256 x 8 2k x 14 PIC16F631 128 x 8 1k x 14 PIC16F636 256 x 8 2k x 14 PIC16F639 256 x 8 2k x 14 PIC16F677 256 x 8 2k x 14 PIC16F684 256 x 8 2k x 14 PIC16F685 256 x 8 4k x 14 PIC16F687 256 x 8 2k x 14 PIC16F688 256 x 8 4k x 14 PIC16F689 256 x 8 4k x 14 PIC16F690 256 x 8 4k x 14 2009-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC12F6XX/16F6XX FIGURE 2-1: PIC16F631 PROGRAM MEMORY MAPPING 1 KW Implemented 03FF Program Memory 2000 User ID Location 2001 User ID Location 2002 User ID Location 2003 User ID Location 2004 Reserved 2005 Reserved 2006 Device ID 2007 Configuration Word 2008 Calibration Word Maps to 0-3FF 1FFF 2009-207F 2009-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Reserved 2000 Implemented 2080 Maps to 2000-207F Configuration Memory 3FFF DS40001204J-page 5 PIC12F6XX/16F6XX FIGURE 2-2: PIC12F635 PROGRAM MEMORY MAPPING 1 KW Implemented 03FF Program Memory 2000 User ID Location 2001 User ID Location 2002 User ID Location 2003 User ID Location 2004 Reserved 2005 Reserved 2006 Device ID 2007 Configuration Word 2008 Calibration Word 1 2009 Calibration Word 2 Maps to 0-3FF 1FFF 200A-203F DS40001204J-page 6 2000 Implemented 2040 Maps to 2000-203F Configuration Memory 3FFF Reserved 2009-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC12F6XX/16F6XX FIGURE 2-3: PIC16F636/639 PROGRAM MEMORY MAPPING 2 KW Implemented 07FF Program Memory 2000 User ID Location 2001 User ID Location 2002 User ID Location Maps to 0-7FF 1FFF 2003 User ID Location 2004 Reserved 2005 Reserved 2006 Device ID 2007 Configuration Word 2008 Calibration Word 1 2009 Calibration Word 2 200A-203F 2009-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. 2000 Implemented 2040 Maps to 2000-203F Configuration Memory 3FFF Reserved DS40001204J-page 7 PIC12F6XX/16F6XX FIGURE 2-4: PIC12F683/684 PROGRAM MEMORY MAPPING 2 KW Implemented 07FF Program Memory 2000 User ID Location 2001 User ID Location 2002 User ID Location Maps to 0-7FF 1FFF 2003 User ID Location 2004 Reserved 2005 Reserved 2006 Device ID 2007 Configuration Word 2008 Calibration Word 2009-203F DS40001204J-page 8 Reserved 2000 Implemented 2040 Maps to 2000-203F Configuration Memory 3FFF 2009-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC12F6XX/16F6XX FIGURE 2-5: PIC16F677/687 PROGRAM MEMORY MAPPING 2 KW Implemented 07FF Program Memory 2000 User ID Location 2001 User ID Location 2002 User ID Location Maps to 0-7FF 1FFF 2003 User ID Location 2004 Reserved 2005 Reserved 2006 Device ID 2007 Configuration Word 2008 Calibration Word 2009-207F 2009-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Reserved 2000 Implemented 2080 Maps to 2000-207F Configuration Memory 2FFF DS40001204J-page 9 PIC12F6XX/16F6XX FIGURE 2-6: PIC16F688 PROGRAM MEMORY MAPPING 4 KW Implemented 0FFF Program Memory 2000 User ID Location 2001 User ID Location 2002 User ID Location Maps to 0-FFF 1FFF 2003 User ID Location 2004 Reserved 2005 Reserved 2006 Device ID 2007 Configuration Word 2008 Calibration Word 2009-203F DS40001204J-page 10 Reserved 2000 Implemented 2040 Maps to 2000-203F Configuration Memory 3FFF 2009-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC12F6XX/16F6XX FIGURE 2-7: PIC16F685/689/690 PROGRAM MEMORY MAPPING 4 KW Implemented 0FFF Program Memory 2000 User ID Location 2001 User ID Location 2002 User ID Location Maps to 0-FFF 1FFF 2003 User ID Location 2004 Reserved 2005 Reserved 2006 Device ID 2007 Configuration Word 2008 Calibration Word 2009-207F 2009-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Reserved 2000 Implemented 2080 Maps to 2000-207F Configuration Memory 2FFF DS40001204J-page 11 PIC12F6XX/16F6XX 3.0 PROGRAM/VERIFY MODE Two methods are available to enter Program/Verify mode. The “VPP-first” is entered by holding ICSPDAT and ICSPCLK low while raising MCLR pin from VIL to VIHH (high voltage), then applying VDD and data. This method can be used for any Configuration Word selection and must be used if the INTOSC and internal MCLR options are selected (FOSC<2:0> = 100 or 101 and MCLRE = 0). The VPP-first entry prevents the device from executing code prior to entering Program/ Verify mode. See the timing diagram in Figure 3-1. The second entry method, “VDD-first”, is entered by applying VDD, holding ICSPDAT and ICSPCLK low, then raising MCLR pin from VIL to VIHH (high voltage), followed by data. This method can be used for any Configuration Word selection except when INTOSC options are selected and internal MCLR (FOSC<2:0> = 100 or 101 and MCLRE = 0). This technique is useful when programming the device when VDD is already applied, for it is not necessary to disconnect VDD to enter Program/Verify mode. See the timing diagram in Figure 3-2. FIGURE 3-2: THLD0 To prevent a device configured with INTOSC and internal MCLR from executing after exiting Program/ Verify mode, VDD needs to power-down before VPP. See Figure 3-3 for the timing. FIGURE 3-1: VPP-FIRST PROGRAM/ VERIFY MODE ENTRY TPPDP THLD0 VDD ICSPDAT ICSPCLK Note: FIGURE 3-3: This method of entry is valid if INTOSC and internal MCLR are not selected. PROGRAM/VERIFY MODE EXIT THLD0 VPP VDD ICSPDAT ICSPCLK 3.1 Program/Erase Algorithms The PIC12F6XX/16F6XX program memory may be written in two ways. The fastest method writes four words at a time. However, one-word writes are also supported for backward compatibility with previous 8-pin and 14-pin Flash devices. The four-word algorithm is used to program the program memory only. The oneword algorithm can write any available memory location (i.e., program memory, configuration memory and data memory). After writing the array, the PC may be reset and read back to verify the write. It is not possible to verify immediately following the write because the PC can only increment, not decrement. VPP VDD A device Reset will clear the PC and set the address to ‘0’. The Increment Address command will increment the PC. The Load Configuration command will set the PC to 0x2000. The available commands are shown in Table 3-1. ICSPDAT ICSPCLK Note: TPPDP VPP Once in this mode, the program memory, data memory and configuration memory can be accessed and programmed in serial fashion. ICSPDAT and ICSPCLK are Schmitt Trigger inputs in this mode. RA4 is tri-state regardless of fuse setting. The sequence that enters the device into the Programming/Verify mode places all other logic into the Reset state (the MCLR pin was initially at VIL). Therefore, all I/O’s are in the Reset state (highimpedance inputs) and the Program Counter (PC) is cleared. VDD-FIRST PROGRAM/ VERIFY MODE ENTRY This method of entry is valid, regardless of Configuration Word selected. DS40001204J-page 12 2009-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC12F6XX/16F6XX 3.1.1 FOUR-WORD PROGRAMMING Only the program memory can be written using this algorithm. Data and configuration memory (>0x2000) must use the one-word programming algorithm (Section 3.1.2 “One-Word Programming”). This algorithm writes four sequential addresses in program memory. The four addresses must point to a four-word block with addresses modulo 4 of 0, 1, 2 and 3. For example, programming address 4 through 7 can be programmed together. Programming addresses 2 through 5 will create an unexpected result. The sequence for programming four words of program memory at a time is as follows: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Load a word at the current program memory address using Load Data for Program Memory command. Issue a Increment Address command. Load a word at the current program memory address using Load Data for Program Memory command. Repeat Step 2 and Step 3 two times. Issue a Begin Programming command either internally or externally timed. Wait TPROG1 (internally timed) or TPROG2 (externally timed). Issue a End Programming command if externally timed. Issue a Increment Address command. Repeat this sequence as required to write program memory. See Figure 3-17 for more information. 3.1.2 ONE-WORD PROGRAMMING The program memory may also be written one word at a time to allow compatibility with other 8-pin and 14-pin Flash PIC® devices. Configuration memory (>0x2000) and data memory must be written one word (or byte) at a time. Note: The four write latches must be reset after programming the user ID (0x2000-0x2003) or Configuration Word (0x2007). See Section 3.1.3 “Resetting Write Latches” The sequence for programming one word of program memory at a time is as follows: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Load a word at the current program memory address using Load Data For Program Memory command. Issue a Begin Programming command either internally or externally timed. Wait TPROG1 (internally timed) or TPROG2 (externally timed). Issue a End Programming command if externally timed. Issue a Increment Address command. Repeat this sequence as required to write program, data or configuration memory. See Figure 3-16 for more information. 3.1.3 RESETTING WRITE LATCHES The user ID (0x2000-0x2003) and Configuration Word (0x2007) are mapped into the configuration memory, but do not physically reside in it. As a result, the write latches are not reset when programming these locations and must be reset by the programmer. This can be done in two ways, either loading all four latches with ‘1’s or by exiting Program/Verify mode. The sequence for manually resetting the write latches is as follows: 1. 2. 3. 2009-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. Load a word using Load Data for Program Memory or Load Data for Configuration Memory command with a data word of all ‘1’s. Issue a Increment Address command. Repeat this sequence three times to reset all four write latches. DS40001204J-page 13 PIC12F6XX/16F6XX 3.1.4 ERASE ALGORITHMS 3.1.5 The PIC12F6XX/16F6XX will erase different memory locations depending on the Program Counter (PC), CP and CPD values and which erase command executed. The following sequences can be used to erase noted memory locations. In each sequence, the data memory will be erased if the CPD bit in the Configuration Word is programmed (clear). The ICSPCLK pin is used as a clock input and the ICSPDAT pin is used for entering command bits and data input/output during serial operation. To input a command, ICSPCLK is cycled six times. Each command bit is latched on the falling edge of the clock with the LSb of the command being input first. The data input onto the ICSPDAT pin is required to have a minimum setup and hold time (see Table 6-1), with respect to the falling edge of the clock. Commands that have data associated with them (Read and Load) are specified to have a minimum delay of 1 s between the command and the data. After this delay, the clock pin is cycled 16 times with the first cycle being a Start bit and the last cycle being a Stop bit. To erase the program memory and Configuration Word (0x2007), the following sequence must be performed. Note the Calibration Words (0x2008-0x2009) and user ID (0x2000-0x2003) will not be erased. 1. 2. Do a Bulk Erase Program Memory command. Wait TERA to complete erase. To erase the user ID (0x2000-0x2003), Configuration Word (0x2007) and program memory, use the following sequence. Note that the Calibration Words (0x20080x2009) will not be erased. 1. 2. 3. During a read operation, the LSb will be transmitted onto the ICSPDAT pin on the rising edge of the second cycle. For a load operation, the LSb will be latched on the falling edge of the second cycle. A minimum 1 s delay is also specified between consecutive commands, except for the End Programming command, which requires a 100 s TDIS. Perform Load Configuration with dummy data to point the Program Counter (PC) to 0x2000. Perform a Bulk Erase Program Memory command. Wait TERA to complete erase. All commands and data words are transmitted LSb first. Data is transmitted on the rising edge and latched on the falling edge of the ICSPCLK. To allow for decoding of commands and reversal of data pin configuration, a time separation of at least 1 s is required between a command and a data word. To erase the data memory, use the following sequence: 1. 2. SERIAL PROGRAM/VERIFY OPERATION Perform a Bulk Erase Data Memory command. Wait TERA to complete erase. The commands that are available are described in Table 3-1. TABLE 3-1: COMMAND MAPPING FOR PIC12F6XX/16F6XX Command Load Configuration Mapping (MSb … LSb) x x 0 0 0 Data 0 0, data (14), 0 Load Data for Program Memory x x 0 0 1 0 0, data (14), 0 Load Data for Data Memory x x 0 0 1 1 0, data (8), zero (6), 0 Read Data from Program Memory x x 0 1 0 0 0, data (14), 0 Read Data from Data Memory x x 0 1 0 1 0, data (8), zero (6), 0 Increment Address x x 0 1 1 0 Begin Programming x 0 1 0 0 0 Internally Timed Begin Programming x 1 1 0 0 0 Externally Timed End Programming x 0 1 0 1 0 Bulk Erase Program Memory x x 1 0 0 1 Internally Timed Bulk Erase Data Memory x x 1 0 1 1 Internally Timed Row Erase Program Memory x 1 0 0 0 1 Internally Timed DS40001204J-page 14 2009-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC12F6XX/16F6XX 3.1.5.1 Load Configuration After the 6-bit command is input, the ICSPCLK pin is cycled an additional 16 times for the Start bit, 14 bits of data and a Start bit (see Figure 3-4). The Load Configuration command is used to access the Configuration Word (0x2007) and user ID (0x20000x2003). This command sets the Program Counter (PC) to address 0x2000 and loads the data latches with one word of data. After the configuration memory is entered, the only way to get back to the program memory is to exit the Program/Verify mode by taking MCLR low (VIL). To access the configuration memory, send the Load Configuration command. Individual words within the configuration memory can be accessed by sending Increment Address commands and issuing load or read data for program memory. FIGURE 3-4: LOAD CONFIGURATION COMMAND TDLY2 1 2 3 4 5 0 0 X 1 6 2 3 4 5 15 16 ICSPCLK 0 ICSPDAT 00 strt_bit X LSb MSb stp_bit TSET1 TDLY1 THLD1 3.1.5.2 Load Data for Program Memory After receiving this command, the chip will load in a 14-bit “data word” when 16 cycles are applied, as described previously. A timing diagram for the Load Data For Program Memory command is shown in Figure 3-5. FIGURE 3-5: LOAD DATA FOR PROGRAM MEMORY COMMAND TDLY2 1 2 3 4 5 0 0 X 6 1 2 3 4 5 15 16 ICSPCLK ICSPDAT 0 1 TSET1 THLD1 2009-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. X TDLY1 strt_bit LSb MSb stp_bit TSET1 THLD1 DS40001204J-page 15 PIC12F6XX/16F6XX 3.1.5.3 Load Data for Data Memory After receiving this command, the chip will load in a 14-bit “data word” when 16 cycles are applied. However, the data memory is only eight bits wide and thus, only the first eight bits of data after the Start bit will be programmed into the data memory. It is still necessary to cycle the clock the full 16 cycles in order to allow the internal circuitry to reset properly. The data memory contains 256 bytes. FIGURE 3-6: LOAD DATA FOR DATA MEMORY COMMAND TDLY2 1 2 3 4 0 0 5 6 1 2 3 ICSPCLK 4 5 15 16 TDLY3 1 1 ICSPDAT X X stp_bit strt_bit LSb MSb on 9th falling edge TDLY1 3.1.5.4 Read Data from Program Memory After receiving this command, the chip will transmit data bits out of the program memory (user or configuration) currently accessed, starting with the second rising edge of the clock input. The data pin will go into Output mode on the second rising clock edge, and it will revert to Input mode (high-impedance) after the 16th rising edge. If the program memory is code-protected (CP = 0), the data is read as zeros. FIGURE 3-7: READ DATA FROM PROGRAM MEMORY COMMAND TDLY2 1 2 3 4 1 0 5 6 1 2 3 ICSPCLK ICSPDAT 5 15 16 TDLY3 1 0 0 X X MSb strt_bit stp_bit LSb TSET1 THLD1 Input DS40001204J-page 16 4 TDLY1 Output Input 2009-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC12F6XX/16F6XX 3.1.5.5 Read Data from Data Memory After receiving this command, the chip will transmit data bits out of the data memory, starting with the second rising edge of the clock input. The ICSPDAT pin will go into Output mode on the second rising edge and it will revert to Input mode (high-impedance) after the 16th rising edge. As previously stated, the data memory is eight bits wide and, therefore, only the first eight bits that are output are actual data. If the data memory is code-protected, the data is read as all zeros. A timing diagram of this command is shown in Figure 3-8. FIGURE 3-8: READ DATA FROM DATA MEMORY COMMAND TDLY2 1 2 3 4 1 0 5 1 6 2 3 ICSPCLK 4 15 16 TDLY3 1 ICSPDAT 0 X X strt_bit TSET1 THLD1 stp_bit LSb MSb on 9th falling edge TDLY1 Input 3.1.5.6 5 Input Output Increment Address The PC is incremented when this command is received. A timing diagram of this command is shown in Figure 3-9. It is not possible to decrement the address counter. To reset this counter, the user should exit and re-enter Program/Verify mode. FIGURE 3-9: INCREMENT ADDRESS COMMAND (PROGRAM/VERIFY) TDLY2 1 2 3 4 5 Next Command 1 6 2 ICSPCLK ICSPDAT 0 1 1 0 X X X 0 TSET1 THLD1 2009-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. TDLY1 DS40001204J-page 17 PIC12F6XX/16F6XX 3.1.5.7 Begin Programming (Internally Timed) A Load command must be given before every Begin Programming command. Programming of the appropriate memory (user program memory, configuration memory or data memory) will begin after this command is received and decoded. An internal timing mechanism executes a write. The user must allow for program cycle time for programming to complete. No End Programming command is required. The addressed programming. location FIGURE 3-10: is not erased before BEGIN PROGRAMMING COMMAND (INTERNALLY TIMED) TPROG1 Next Command 1 2 0 0 3 4 5 1 6 2 ICSPCLK ICSPDAT 0 1 0 X X 0 TSET1 THLD1 3.1.5.8 Begin Programming (Externally Timed) A Load command must be given before every Begin Programming command. Programming of the appropriate memory (program memory, configuration or data memory) will begin after this command is received and decoded. Programming requires (TPROG2) time and is terminated using an End Programming command. The addressed programming. location FIGURE 3-11: is not erased before BEGIN PROGRAMMING (EXTERNALLY TIMED) VIHH TPROG2 MCLR End Programming Command 1 2 3 0 0 0 4 5 6 1 2 ICSPCLK ICSPDAT 1 1 X X 0 TSET1 THLD1 DS40001204J-page 18 2009-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC12F6XX/16F6XX 3.1.5.9 End Programming FIGURE 3-12: END PROGRAMMING (SERIAL PROGRAM/VERIFY) VIHH MCLR Next Command 1 2 3 0 1 0 4 5 1 6 2 ICSPCLK ICSPDAT 1 0 X X TDIS 0 TSET1 THLD1 3.1.5.10 Bulk Erase Program Memory After this command is performed, the entire program memory and Configuration Word (0x2007) is erased. Data memory will also be erased if the CPD bit in the Configuration Word is programmed (clear). See Section 3.1.4 “Erase Algorithms” for erase sequences. FIGURE 3-13: BULK ERASE PROGRAM MEMORY COMMAND TERA 1 2 3 0 0 4 5 6 Next Command 1 2 ICSPCLK 1 ICSPDAT X X X 0 TSET1 TSET1 THLD1 2009-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. 1 THLD1 DS40001204J-page 19 PIC12F6XX/16F6XX 3.1.5.11 Bulk Erase Data Memory To perform an erase of the data memory, the following sequence must be performed. 1. 2. Perform a Bulk Erase Data Memory command. Wait TERA to complete Bulk Erase. Data memory won’t erase if code-protected (CPD = 0). Note: All Bulk Erase operations must take place between 4.5V and 5.5V VDD for PIC12F6XX/16F6XX and 2.0V to 5.5V VDD for PIC12F6XX/16F6XX-ICD. FIGURE 3-14: BULK ERASE DATA MEMORY COMMAND TERA 1 2 3 4 5 Next Command 1 6 2 ICSPCLK ICSPDAT 1 1 0 X 1 X X 0 TSET1 THLD1 3.1.5.12 Row Erase Program Memory This command erases the 16-word row of program memory pointed to by PC<11:4>. If the program memory array is protected (CP = 0) or the PC points to configuration memory (>0x2000), the command is ignored. To perform a Row Erase Program Memory, the following sequence must be performed. 1. 2. Execute a Row Erase Program Memory command. Wait TERA to complete a row erase. FIGURE 3-15: ROW ERASE PROGRAM MEMORY COMMAND TERA 1 2 3 1 0 0 4 5 Next Command 1 6 2 ICSPCLK ICSPDAT DS40001204J-page 20 0 1 X X 0 2009-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC12F6XX/16F6XX FIGURE 3-16: ONE-WORD PROGRAMMING FLOWCHART Start Read and Store Calibration Memory Values (Figure 3-21) Bulk Erase Program Memory(1),(3) Program Cycle Load Data for Program Memory One-word Program Cycle Read Data from Program Memory Data Correct? No Report Programming Failure Begin Programming Command (Internally timed) Begin Programming Command (Externally timed) Wait TPROG1 Wait TPROG2 Yes Increment Address Command No All Locations Done? End Programming Yes Program Data Memory(2) (Figure 3-19) Wait TDIS Program User ID/Config. bits (Figure 3-18) Read and Verify Calibration Memory Values (Figure 3-21) Done Note 1: This step is optional if the device has already been erased or has not been previously programmed. 2: This step is optional if the data memory does not require updates. 3: If the device is code-protected or must be completely erased, then Bulk Erase the device per Figure 3-20. 2009-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001204J-page 21 PIC12F6XX/16F6XX FIGURE 3-17: FOUR-WORD PROGRAMMING FLOWCHART Program Cycle Start Load Data for Program Memory Read and Store Calibration Memory Values (Figure 3-21) Increment Address Command Bulk Erase Program Memory(1),(4) Increment Address Command No Load Data for Program Memory Four-word Program Cycle Increment Address Command All Locations Done? Load Data for Program Memory Yes Program Data Memory(3) (Figure 3-19) Increment Address Command Program User ID/Config. bits (Figure 3-18) Read and Verify Calibration Memory Values (Figure 3-21) Load Data for Program Memory Begin Programming Command (Internally timed) Begin Programming Command (Externally timed) Wait TPROG1 Wait TPROG2 Done End Programming Wait TDIS Note 1: This step is optional if the device is erased or not previously programmed. 2: Verification in Four-Word mode is accomplished after programming by reading back the entire memory. 3: This step is optional if the data memory does not require updates. 4: If the device is code-protected or must be completely erased, then Bulk Erase the device per Figure 3-20. DS40001204J-page 22 2009-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC12F6XX/16F6XX FIGURE 3-18: PROGRAM FLOWCHART – PIC12F6XX/16F6XX CONFIGURATION MEMORY Start PROGRAM CYCLE Load Configuration Load Data for Program Memory One-word Program Cycle (User ID) Read Data Begin Programming Command (Internally timed) Begin Programming Command (Externally timed) Wait TPROG1 Wait TPROG2 From Program Memory Command Data Correct? No Report Programming Failure End Programming Yes Increment Address Command Wait TDIS No Address = 0x2004? Yes Increment Address Command Increment Address Command Increment Address Command One-word Program Cycle (Config. bits) Read Data From Program Memory Command Data Correct? No Report Programming Failure Yes Done Note: Ensure that a device Bulk Erase has been performed or that the device is blank prior to programming the configuration memory. 2009-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001204J-page 23 PIC12F6XX/16F6XX FIGURE 3-19: PROGRAM FLOWCHART – PIC12F6XX/16F6XX DATA MEMORY Start PROGRAM CYCLE Program Cycle Load Data for Data Memory Bulk Erase Data Memory Read Data From Data Memory Command Data Correct? Yes Increment Address Command No No Begin Programming Command (Internally timed) Begin Programming Command (Externally timed) Wait TPROG1 Wait TPROG2 Report Programming Failure End Programming All Locations Done? Wait TDIS Yes Done DS40001204J-page 24 2009-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC12F6XX/16F6XX FIGURE 3-20: PROGRAM FLOWCHART – ERASE FLASH DEVICE(1) Start Read and Store Calibration Memory Values (Figure 3-21) Bulk Erase Program Memory Load Configuration Bulk Erase Program Memory Bulk Erase Data Memory Read and Verify Calibration Memory Values (Figure 3-21) Done 2009-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001204J-page 25 PIC12F6XX/16F6XX FIGURE 3-21: CALIBRATION WORD VERIFICATION FLOWCHART Start Load Configuration Increment Address Command Address = 0x2008? No Yes Read and Store Calibration Word 1 Calibration Word 1 is Valid?(1,2) No Fail Yes Increment Address Command(3) Read and Store Calibration Word 2 Calibration Word 2 is Valid?(1,2) No Fail Yes Done Note 1: This step is not required for the Read and Store Calibration Memory Values procedure. 2: The device should not be used if verification of the Calibration Word locations fails. This information should be reported to the user through the user interface of the device programmer. 3: Several devices within this family do not possess Calibration Word 2. The remainder of this procedure is unnecessary for those devices without Calibration Word 2. DS40001204J-page 26 2009-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC12F6XX/16F6XX 4.0 CONFIGURATION WORD The PIC12F6XX/16F6XX has several Configuration bits. These bits can be programmed (reads ‘0’) or left unchanged (reads ‘1’), to select various device configurations. REGISTER 4-1: CONFIG(1): CONFIGURATION WORD (ADDRESS:2007h) – PIC12F635/PIC16F636/PIC16F639 U-1 R/P-1 R/P-1 R/P-1 R/P-1 R/P-1 R/P-1 — WURE FCMEN IESO BOREN1 BOREN0 CPD bit 13 bit7 R/P-1 R/P-1 R/P-1 R/P-1 R/P-1 R/P-1 R/P-1 CP MCLRE PWRTE WDTE FOSC2 F0SC1 F0SC0 bit 6 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘1’ -n = Value at POR ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared x = Bit is unknown bit 13 Unimplemented: Read as ‘1’ bit 12 WURE: Wake-up Reset Enable bit 1 = Standard wake-up and continue enabled 0 = Wake-up and Reset enabled bit 11 FCMEN: Fail-Safe Clock Monitor Enable bit 1 = Fail-Safe Clock Monitor enabled 0 = Fail-Safe Clock Monitor disabled bit 10 IESO: Internal-External Switch Over bit 1 = Internal External Switchover mode enabled 0 = Internal External Switchover mode disabled bit 8-9 BOREN<1:0>: Brown-out Reset Enable bits 11 = BOR enabled and SBOREN bit disabled 10 = BOR enabled while running and disabled in Sleep. SBOREN bit disabled. 01 = SBOREN in the PCON register controls BOR function 00 = BOR and SBOREN disabled bit 7 CPD: Data Code Protection bit(2) 1 = Data memory is not protected 0 = Data memory is external read-protected bit 6 CP: Code Protection bit(3) 1 = Program memory is not code-protected 0 = Program memory is external read and write-protected bit 5 MCLRE: MCLR Pin Function Select bit(5) 1 = MCLR pin is MCLR function and weak internal pull-up is enabled 0 = MCLR pin is alternate function, MCLR function is internally disabled bit 4 PWRTE: Power-up Timer Enable bit(4) 1 = PWRT disabled 0 = PWRT enabled bit 3 WDTE: Watchdog Timer Enable bit 1 = WDT enabled 0 = WDT disabled and can be enabled using SWDTEN in the WDTCON register bit 2-0 FOSC<2:0>: Oscillator Selection bits 000 = LP oscillator: Low-power crystal on RA5(GP5)/OSC1/CLKIN and RA4(GP4)/OSC2/CLKOUT 001 = XT oscillator: Crystal/resonator on RA5(GP5)/OSC1/CLKIN and RA4(GP4)/OSC2/CLKOUT 010 = HS oscillator: High-speed crystal/resonator on RA5(GP5)/OSC1/CLKIN and RA4(GP4)/OSC2/CLKOUT 011 = EC: I/O function on RA4(GP4)/OSC2/CLKOUT, CLKIN on RA5(GP5)/OSC1/CLKIN 100 = INTOSCIO oscillator: I/O function on RA4(GP4)/OSC2/CLKOUT, I/O function on RA5(GP5)/OSC1/CLKIN 101 = INTOSC oscillator: CLKOUT function on RA4(GP4)/OSC2/CLKOUT, I/O function on RA5(GP5)/OSC1/CLKIN 110 = EXTRCIO oscillator: I/O function on RA4(GP4)/OSC2/CLKOUT, RC on RA5(GP5)OSC1/CLKIN 111 = EXTRC oscillator: CLKOUT function on RA4(GP4)/OSC2/CLKOUT, RC on RA5(GP5)/OSC1/CLKIN Note 1: 2: 3: 4: 5: This Configuration Word register applies to PIC12F635/PIC16F636/PIC16F639 devices only. The entire data memory will be erased when the code protection is turned off. The entire program memory will be erased when the code protection is turned off. Enabling Brown-out Detect does not automatically enable Power-up Timer. When MCLR is asserted in INTOSC or RC mode, the internal clock oscillator is disabled. 2009-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001204J-page 27 PIC12F6XX/16F6XX REGISTER 4-2: CONFIG(1): CONFIGURATION WORD (ADDRESS:2007h) – PIC12F683, PIC16F631/677/684/685/687/688/689/690 U-1 U-1 R/P-1 R/P-1 R/P-1 R/P-1 R/P-1 — — FCMEN IESO BOREN1 BOREN0 CPD bit 13 bit7 R/P-1 R/P-1 R/P-1 R/P-1 R/P-1 R/P-1 R/P-1 CP MCLRE PWRTE WDTE FOSC2 F0SC1 F0SC0 bit 6 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘1’ -n = Value at POR ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared x = Bit is unknown bit 13-12 Unimplemented: Read as ‘1’ bit 11 FCMEN: Fail-Safe Clock Monitor Enable bit 1 = Fail-Safe Clock Monitor enabled 0 = Fail-Safe Clock Monitor disabled bit 10 IESO: Internal-External Switch Over bit 1 = Internal External Switchover mode enabled 0 = Internal External Switchover mode disabled bit 9-8 BOREN<1:0>: Brown-out Reset Enable bits(4) 11 = BOR enabled and SBOREN bit disabled 10 = BOR enabled while running and disabled in Sleep. SBOREN bit disabled. 01 = SBOREN in the PCON register controls BOR function 00 = BOR and SBOREN disabled bit 7 CPD: Code Protection Data bit(2) 1 = Data memory is not protected 0 = Data memory is external read-protected bit 6 CP: Code Protection bit(3) 1 = Program memory is not code-protected 0 = Program memory is external read and write-protected bit 5 MCLRE: MCLR Pin Function Select(5) bit 1 = MCLR pin is MCLR function and weak internal pull-up is enabled 0 = MCLR pin is alternate function, MCLR function is internally disabled bit 4 PWRTE: Power-up Timer Enable bit(4) 1 = PWRT disabled 0 = PWRT enabled bit 3 WDTE: Watchdog Timer Enable bit 1 = WDT enabled 0 = WDT disabled and can be enabled using SWDTEN in the WDTCON register bit 2-0 FOSC<2:0>: Oscillator Selection bits 000 = LP oscillator: Low-power crystal on RA5(GP5)/OSC1/CLKIN and RA4(GP4)/OSC2/CLKOUT 001 = XT oscillator: Crystal/resonator on RA5(GP5)/OSC1/CLKIN and RA4(GP4)/OSC2/CLKOUT 010 = HS oscillator: High-speed crystal/resonator on RA5(GP5)/OSC1/CLKIN and RA4(GP4)/OSC2/CLKOUT 011 = EC: I/O function on RA4(GP4)/OSC2/CLKOUT, CLKIN on RA5(GP5)/OSC1/CLKIN 100 = INTOSCIO oscillator: I/O function on RA4(GP4)/OSC2/CLKOUT, I/O function on RA5(GP5)/OSC1/CLKIN 101 = INTOSC oscillator: CLKOUT function on RA4(GP4)/OSC2/CLKOUT, I/O function on RA5(GP5)/OSC1/CLKIN 110 = EXTRCIO oscillator: I/O function on RA4(GP4)/OSC2/CLKOUT, RC on RA5(GP5)OSC1/CLKIN 111 = EXTRC oscillator: CLKOUT function on RA4(GP4)/OSC2/CLKOUT, RC on RA5(GP5)/OSC1/CLKIN Note 1: 2: 3: 4: 5: 6: This Configuration Word register applies to PIC16F631/677/685/687/689/690 (not including PIC12F635/PIC16F636/PIC16F639) only. The entire data memory will be erased when the code protection is turned off. The entire program memory will be erased when the code protection is turned off. Enabling Brown-out Detect does not automatically enable Power-up Timer. When MCLR is asserted in INTOSC or RC mode, the internal clock oscillator is disabled. For PIC16F685/PIC16F687/PIC16F689/PIC16F690, the pin is RA4/AN3/T1G/OSC2/CLKOUT. DS40001204J-page 28 2009-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC12F6XX/16F6XX REGISTER 4-3: CALIB(1): CALIBRATION WORD (ADDRESS: 2008h) – PIC12F683/684/688(2), (3) U-1 P/P-1 R/P-1 R/P-1 R/P-1 R/P-1 R/P-1 — FCAL6 FCAL5 FCAL4 FCAL3 FCAL2 FCAL1 bit 13 bit7 R/P-1 U-1 R/P-1 R/P-1 R/P-1 R/P-1 R/P-1 FCAL0 — POR1 POR0 BOR2 BOR1 BOR0 bit 6 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘1’ -n = Value at POR ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 13 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 12-6 FCAL<6:0>: Internal Oscillator Calibration bits 0111111 = Maximum frequency • • 0000001 0000000 = Center frequency 1111111 • • 1000000 = Minimum frequency bit 5 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 4-3 POR<1:0>: POR Calibration bits 00 = Lowest POR voltage 11 = Highest POR voltage bit 2-0 BOR<2:0>: BOR Calibration bits 000 = Reserved 001 = Lowest BOR voltage 111 = Highest BOR voltage Note 1: 2: 3: x = Bit is unknown This Calibration Word register applies to PIC12F683/PIC16F684/PIC16F688 devices only. This location does not participate in Bulk Erase operations if the procedure in Figure 3-20 is used. Calibration bits are reserved for factory calibration. These values can and will change across the entire range, therefore, specific values and available adjustment range cannot be specified. 2009-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001204J-page 29 PIC12F6XX/16F6XX REGISTER 4-4: CALIB(1): CALIBRATION WORD (ADDRESS: 2008h)– PIC16F631/677/685/687/689/690(2), (3), (4) U-1 P/P-1 R/P-1 R/P-1 R/P-1 R/P-1 R/P-1 — FCAL6 FCAL5 FCAL4 FCAL3 FCAL2 FCAL1 bit 13 bit7 R/P-1 P/P-1 R/P-1 R/P-1 R/P-1 R/P-1 R/P-1 FCAL0 POR2 POR1 POR0 BOR2 BOR1 BOR0 bit 6 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘1’ -n = Value at POR ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 13 Unimplemented: Read as ‘1’ bit 12-6 FCAL<6:0>: Internal Oscillator Calibration bits 0111111 = Maximum frequency • • 0000001 0000000 = Center frequency 1111111 • • 1000000 = Minimum frequency bit 5-3 POR<2:0>: POR Calibration bits 111 = Maximum POR voltage 110 101 100 = Center POR voltage 000 = Center POR voltage 001 010 011 = Minimum POR voltage bit 2-0 BOR<2:0>: BOR Calibration bits 111 = Maximum BOR voltage 110 101 100 = Center BOR voltage 000 = Center BOR voltage 001 010 011 = Minimum BOR voltage Note 1: 2: 3: 4: x = Bit is unknown This Calibration Word register applies to PIC16F631/677/685/687/689/690 devices only. This location does not participate in Bulk Erase operations if the procedure in Figure 3-20 is used. Calibration bits are reserved for factory calibration. These values can and will change across the entire range, therefore, specific values and available adjustment range cannot be specified. The calibration bits must be read, preserved, then replaced by the user during Program Memory Bulk Erase operation with PC = 2008h. DS40001204J-page 30 2009-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC12F6XX/16F6XX REGISTER 4-5: CALIB1: CALIBRATION WORD 1 (ADDRESS: 2008H) – PIC12F635/636/639(1) U-1 P/P-1 R/P-1 R/P-1 R/P-1 R/P-1 R/P-1 — FCAL6 FCAL5 FCAL4 FCAL3 FCAL2 FCAL1 bit 13 bit7 R/P-1 P/P-1 R/P-1 R/P-1 R/P-1 R/P-1 R/P-1 FCAL0 POR2 POR1 POR0 BOR2 BOR1 BOR0 bit 6 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘1’ -n = Value at POR ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 13 Unimplemented: Read as ‘1’ bit 12-6 FCAL<6:0>: Internal Oscillator Calibration bits 0111111 = Maximum frequency • • 0000001 0000000 = Center frequency. Oscillator is running at the calibrated frequency 1111111 • • 1000000 = Minimum frequency bit 5-3 POR<2:0>: POR Calibration bits 111 = Maximum POR voltage 110 101 100 = Center POR voltage 000 = Center POR voltage 001 010 011 = Minimum POR voltage bit 2-0 BOR<2:0>: BOR Calibration bits 111 = Maximum BOR voltage 110 101 100 = Center BOR voltage 000 = Center BOR voltage 001 010 011 = Minimum BOR voltage Note 1: x = Bit is unknown This location does not participate in Bulk Erase operation, unless PC = 2008h. 2009-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001204J-page 31 PIC12F6XX/16F6XX CALIB2 – CALIBRATION WORD 2 (ADDRESS: 2009h) – PIC12F635/636/639(1) REGISTER 4-6: U-1 U-1 U-1 U-1 U-1 U-1 — — — — — — bit 13 U-1 — bit7 U-1 P/P-1 R/P-1 R/P-1 R/P-1 R/P-1 R/P-1 — WUR2 WUR1 WUR0 LVD2 LVD1 LVD0 bit 6 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘1’ -n = Value at POR ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 13-6 Unimplemented: Read as ‘1’ bit 5-3 WUR<2:0>: WUR Calibration bits 111 = Maximum WUR voltage 110 101 100 = Center WUR voltage 000 = Center WUR voltage 001 010 011 = Minimum WUR voltage bit 2-0 LVD<2:0>: LVD Calibration bits 111 = Maximum LVD voltage 110 101 100 = Center LVD voltage 000 = Center LVD voltage 001 010 011 = Minimum LVD voltage Note 4.1 1: x = Bit is unknown This location does not participate in Bulk Erase operation, unless PC = 2009h. Device ID Word The device ID word for the PIC12F6XX/16F6XX is located at 2006h. This location cannot be erased. TABLE 4-1: DEVICE ID VALUES Device ID Values Device Dev Rev PIC12F635 00 1111 101 x xxxx PIC12F683 00 0100 011 x xxxx PIC16F631 01 0100 001 x xxxx PIC16F636 01 0000 101 x xxxx PIC16F639 01 0000 101 x xxxx PIC16F677 01 0100 010 x xxxx PIC16F684 01 0000 100 x xxxx PIC16F685 00 0100 101 x xxxx PIC16F687 01 0011 001 x xxxx PIC16F688 01 0001 100 x xxxx PIC16F689 01 0011 010 x xxxx PIC16F690 01 0100 000 x xxxx DS40001204J-page 32 2009-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC12F6XX/16F6XX 5.0 CODE PROTECTION For PIC12F6XX/16F6XX, once the CP bit is programmed to ‘0’, all program memory locations read all ‘0’s. The user ID locations and the Configuration Word read out in an unprotected fashion. Further programming is disabled for the entire program memory. Data memory is protected with its own code-protect bit (CPD). When enabled, the data memory can still be programmed and read using the EECON1 register (see the applicable data sheet for more information). The user ID locations and the Configuration Word can be programmed regardless of the state of the CP and CPD bits. 5.1 Disabling Code Protection It is recommended to use the procedure in Figure 3-20 to disable code protection of the device. This sequence will erase the program memory, data memory, Configuration Word (0x2007) and user ID locations (0x2000-0x2003). The Calibration Words (0x2008-0x2009) will not be erased. Note: 5.2 To ensure system security, if CPD bit = 0, Bulk Erase Program Memory command will also erase data memory. Embedding Configuration Word and User ID Information in the Hex File To allow portability of code, the programmer is required to read the Configuration Word and user ID locations from the hex file when loading the hex file. If Configuration Word information was not present in the hex file, a simple warning message may be issued. Similarly, while saving a hex file, Configuration Word and user ID information must be included. An option to not include this information may be provided. 5.3 5.3.1 Checksum Computation CHECKSUM Checksum is calculated by reading the contents of the PIC12F6XX/16F6XX memory locations and adding up the opcodes up to the maximum user addressable location (e.g., 0x7FF for the PIC16F684). Any Carry bits exceeding 16 bits are neglected. Finally, the Configuration Word (appropriately masked) is added to the checksum. Checksum computation for the PIC12F6XX/16F6XX devices is shown in Table 5-1. The checksum is calculated by summing the following: • The contents of all program memory locations • The Configuration Word, appropriately masked • Masked user ID locations (when applicable) The Least Significant 16 bits of this sum is the checksum. The following table describes how to calculate the checksum for each device. Note that the checksum calculation differs depending on the code-protect setting. Since the program memory locations read out zeroes when code-protected, the table describes how to manipulate the actual program memory values to simulate values that would be read from a protected device. When calculating a checksum by reading a device, the entire program memory can simply be read and summed. The Configuration Word and user ID locations can always be read regardless of the codeprotect setting. Note: Some older devices have an additional value added in the checksum. This is to maintain compatibility with older device programmer checksums. Specifically for the PIC12F6XX/16F6XX, the data memory should also be embedded in the hex file (see Section 5.3.2 “Embedding Data Memory Contents in Hex File”). Microchip Technology Incorporated feels strongly that this feature is important for the benefit of the end customer. 2009-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001204J-page 33 PIC12F6XX/16F6XX TABLE 5-1: CHECKSUM COMPUTATIONS Code Protect Device Checksum* Blank Value 0x25E6 at 0 and Max. Address 0xE7CD PIC12F635 CP = 1, CPD = 1 SUM[0x000:0x03FF] + (CFGW & 1FFF) 0x1BFF CP = 0, CPD = 1 (CFGW & 1FFF) + SUM_ID 0x3BBE 0x078C PIC12F683 CP = 1, CPD = 1 SUM[0x000:0x07FF] + (CFGW & 0FFF) 0x07FF 0xD3CD PIC16F631 PIC16F636 PIC16F639 PIC16F677 PIC16F684 PIC16F685 PIC16F687 PIC16F688 PIC16F689 PIC16F690 CP = 0, CPD = 1 (CFGW & 0x0FFF) + SUM_ID 0x17BE 0xE38C CP = 1, CPD = 1 SUM[0x000:0x03FF] + (CFGW & 0FFF) 0x0BFF 0xD7CD CP = 0, CPD = 1 (CFGW & 0FFF) + SUM_ID 0x1BBE 0xE78C CP = 1, CPD = 1 SUM[0x000:0x07FF] + (CFGW & 1FFF) 0x17FF 0xE3CD CP = 0, CPD = 1 (CFGW & 0x1FFF) + SUM_ID 0X37BE 0X038C CP = 1, CPD = 1 SUM[0x000:0x07FF] + (CFGW & 1FFF) 0x17FF 0xE3CD CP = 0, CPD = 1 (CFGW & 0x1FFF) + SUM_ID 0x37BE 0x038C CP = 1, CPD = 1 SUM[0x000:0x07FF] + (CFGW & 0FFF) 0x07FF 0xD3CD CP = 0, CPD = 1 (CFGW & 0x0FFF) + SUM_ID 0x17BE 0xE38C CP = 1, CPD = 1 SUM[0x000:0x07FF] + (CFGW & 0FFF) 0x07FF 0xD3CD CP = 0, CPD = 1 (CFGW & 0x0FFF) + SUM_ID 0x17BE 0xE38C CP = 1, CPD = 1 SUM[0x000:0x0FFF] + (CFGW & 0FFF) 0xFFFF 0xCBCD CP = 0, CPD = 1 (CFGW & 0x0FFF) + SUM_ID 0x0FBE 0xDB8C CP = 1, CPD = 1 SUM[0x000:0x07FF] + (CFGW & 0FFF) 0x07FF 0xD3CD CP = 0, CPD = 1 (CFGW & 0x0FFF) + SUM_ID 0x17BE 0xE38C CP = 1, CPD = 1 SUM[0x000:0x0FFF] + (CFGW & 0FFF) 0xFFFF 0xCBCD CP = 0, CPD = 1 (CFGW & 0x0FFF) + SUM_ID 0x0FBE 0xDB8C CP = 1, CPD = 1 SUM[0x000:0x0FFF] + (CFGW & 0FFF) 0xFFFF 0xCBCD CP = 0, CPD = 1 (CFGW & 0x0FFF) + SUM_ID 0x0FBE 0xDB8C CP = 1, CPD = 1 SUM[0x000:0x0FFF] + (CFGW & 0FFF) 0xFFFF 0xCBCD CP = 0, CPD = 1 (CFGW & 0x0FFF) + SUM_ID 0x0FBE 0xDB8C Legend: CFGW = Configuration Word. Example calculations assume Configuration Word is erased (all ‘1’s). SUM[a:b] = [Sum of locations a to b inclusive] SUM_ID = User ID locations masked by 0xF then made into a 16-bit value with ID0 as the Most Significant nibble. For example, ID0 = 0x1, ID1 = 0x2, ID3 = 0x3, ID4 = 0x4, then SUM_ID = 0x1234. The 4 LSb’s of the unprotected checksum is used for the example calculations. *Checksum = [Sum of all the individual expressions] MODULO [0xFFFF] + = Addition & = Bitwise AND 5.3.2 EMBEDDING DATA MEMORY CONTENTS IN HEX FILE The programmer should be able to read data memory information from a hex file and conversely (as an option), write data memory contents to a hex file along with program memory information and Configuration Word (0x2007) and user ID (0x2000-0x2003) information. The 256 data memory locations are logically mapped starting at address 0x2100. The format for data memory storage is one data byte per address location, LSb aligned. DS40001204J-page 34 2009-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC12F6XX/16F6XX 6.0 PROGRAM/VERIFY MODE ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS TABLE 6-1: AC/DC CHARACTERISTICS TIMING REQUIREMENTS FOR PROGRAM/VERIFY MODE AC/DC CHARACTERISTICS Sym. Characteristics Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise stated) Operating Temperature -40°C TA +85°C Operating Voltage 4.5V VDD 5.5V Min. Typ. Max. Units VDD level for read/write operations, program and data memory 2.0 — 5.5 V VDD level for Bulk Erase operations, program and data memory 2.0 4.5 — — 5.5 5.5 V V VIHH High voltage on MCLR for Program/Verify mode entry 10 — 13 V TVHHR MCLR rise time (VSS to VHH) for Program/Verify mode entry — — 1.0 s Conditions/Comments General VDD PIC12F6XX/16F6XX-ICD PIC12F6XX/16F6XX TPPDP Hold time after VPPchanges 5 — — s VIH1 (ICSPCLK, ICSPDAT) input high level 0.8 VDD — — V VIL1 (ICSPCLK, ICSPDAT) input low level 0.2 VDD — — V TSET0 ICSPCLK, ICSPDAT setup time before MCLR (Program/Verify mode selection pattern setup time) 100 — — ns THLD0 Hold time after VDD changes 0 — 2 s Data in setup time before clock 100 — — ns THLD1 Data in hold time after clock 100 — — ns TDLY1 Data input not driven to next clock input (delay required between command/data or command/ command) 1.0 — — s TDLY2 Delay between clockto clockof next command or data 1.0 — — s TDLY3 Clock to data out valid (during a Read Data command) — 80 ns TERA Erase cycle time — 5 6 ms TPROG1 Programming cycle time (internally timed) 3 6 — — — — ms ms Program memory Data memory TPROG2 Programming cycle time (externally timed) 3 — — ms 10°C TA +40°C Program memory 100 — — s Serial Program/Verify TSET1 TDIS Time delay from program to compare (HV discharge time) 2009-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40001204J-page 35 Note the following details of the code protection feature on Microchip devices: • Microchip products meet the specification contained in their particular Microchip Data Sheet. • Microchip believes that its family of products is one of the most secure families of its kind on the market today, when used in the intended manner and under normal conditions. • There are dishonest and possibly illegal methods used to breach the code protection feature. All of these methods, to our knowledge, require using the Microchip products in a manner outside the operating specifications contained in Microchip’s Data Sheets. Most likely, the person doing so is engaged in theft of intellectual property. • Microchip is willing to work with the customer who is concerned about the integrity of their code. • Neither Microchip nor any other semiconductor manufacturer can guarantee the security of their code. Code protection does not mean that we are guaranteeing the product as “unbreakable.” Code protection is constantly evolving. We at Microchip are committed to continuously improving the code protection features of our products. Attempts to break Microchip’s code protection feature may be a violation of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act. If such acts allow unauthorized access to your software or other copyrighted work, you may have a right to sue for relief under that Act. Information contained in this publication regarding device applications and the like is provided only for your convenience and may be superseded by updates. It is your responsibility to ensure that your application meets with your specifications. MICROCHIP MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND WHETHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WRITTEN OR ORAL, STATUTORY OR OTHERWISE, RELATED TO THE INFORMATION, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ITS CONDITION, QUALITY, PERFORMANCE, MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR PURPOSE. Microchip disclaims all liability arising from this information and its use. Use of Microchip devices in life support and/or safety applications is entirely at the buyer’s risk, and the buyer agrees to defend, indemnify and hold harmless Microchip from any and all damages, claims, suits, or expenses resulting from such use. No licenses are conveyed, implicitly or otherwise, under any Microchip intellectual property rights. Trademarks The Microchip name and logo, the Microchip logo, dsPIC, FlashFlex, flexPWR, JukeBlox, KEELOQ, KEELOQ logo, Kleer, LANCheck, MediaLB, MOST, MOST logo, MPLAB, OptoLyzer, PIC, PICSTART, PIC32 logo, RightTouch, SpyNIC, SST, SST Logo, SuperFlash and UNI/O are registered trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. and other countries. The Embedded Control Solutions Company and mTouch are registered trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. Analog-for-the-Digital Age, BodyCom, chipKIT, chipKIT logo, CodeGuard, dsPICDEM, dsPICDEM.net, ECAN, In-Circuit Serial Programming, ICSP, Inter-Chip Connectivity, KleerNet, KleerNet logo, MiWi, MPASM, MPF, MPLAB Certified logo, MPLIB, MPLINK, MultiTRAK, NetDetach, Omniscient Code Generation, PICDEM, PICDEM.net, PICkit, PICtail, RightTouch logo, REAL ICE, SQI, Serial Quad I/O, Total Endurance, TSHARC, USBCheck, VariSense, ViewSpan, WiperLock, Wireless DNA, and ZENA are trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. and other countries. SQTP is a service mark of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. Silicon Storage Technology is a registered trademark of Microchip Technology Inc. in other countries. GestIC is a registered trademarks of Microchip Technology Germany II GmbH & Co. KG, a subsidiary of Microchip Technology Inc., in other countries. All other trademarks mentioned herein are property of their respective companies. © 2009-2015, Microchip Technology Incorporated, Printed in the U.S.A., All Rights Reserved. ISBN: 978-1-63276-942-8 QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM CERTIFIED BY DNV == ISO/TS 16949 == DS40001204J-page 36 Microchip received ISO/TS-16949:2009 certification for its worldwide headquarters, design and wafer fabrication facilities in Chandler and Tempe, Arizona; Gresham, Oregon and design centers in California and India. The Company’s quality system processes and procedures are for its PIC® MCUs and dsPIC® DSCs, KEELOQ® code hopping devices, Serial EEPROMs, microperipherals, nonvolatile memory and analog products. In addition, Microchip’s quality system for the design and manufacture of development systems is ISO 9001:2000 certified. 2009-2015 Microchip Technology Inc. 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