APPLICATION NOTE LF Wake-up Demonstrator ATAK5279-82 Using Six-fold Antenna Driver ATA5279 ATAK5279-82 General Description The demonstrator is intended to show LF wake-up functionality using the new six-fold LF antenna driver ATA5279 and the 3D receiver Atmel® ATA5282. The demonstrator may also be helpful for studying systems or as a reference tool for target applications. Typical wake-up applications are designed in vehicles for Passive Entry (PE) and Tire Pressure Monitoring (TPMS). The high antenna driver ability of the transmitter as well as the sensitive receiver enable a wake-up distance of up to three meters. Please be noted that Atmel ATA5282 and Atmel ATA5283 have been discontinued. These devices are just used here for demonstration purpose. 9124F-AUTO-04/15 1. System Overview Figure 1-1. LF Wake-up Demonstration System 1.1 Components Included in the LF Wake-up Demonstrator ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 1.2 ATAB5279 six-fold antenna driver board ATAB5282 3D indicator board including 3V lithium battery (optional ATAB5283 1D indicator) Two antenna modules ATAB-LFTX-V2.0 Interface cable RS232 Two cables for DC power supply CD-ROM with installation software and documentation Equipment Needed ● ● 2 ATAB-LFMB-79 microcontroller base board Host PC running Windows® 95 or higher, with CD-ROM drive 8V to 15V DC 2A power supply ATAK5279-82 [APPLICATION NOTE] 9124F–AUTO–04/15 2. Hardware Components The ATAB5279 driver board is patched onto the microcontroller baseboard ATAB-LFMB-79. The mounted AVR® microcontroller ATmega8515 is programmed by C-language to control the antenna driver and to maintain communication with the host. Operating software, provided on the CD, must be installed on the host. A power source with a voltage range of 8V to 15V/2A is needed to supply, in parallel, the baseboard and the driver board with separate cable connectors. See Figure 1-1 on page 2 and Figure 2-1. Figure 2-1. Components Contained in Kit ATAK5279-82 [APPLICATION NOTE] 9124F–AUTO–04/15 3 2.1 Six Fold Antenna Driver Board ATAB5279 The driver board is plugged onto the baseboard by dual line header pin connectors. Data communication between the boards is achieved via the integrated SPI interface of AVR and driver IC. The driver board is equipped with: ● Screwless connectors for connecting six LF antenna modules ● Boost converter choke generating the driver voltage to track the antenna current regulation independent of battery voltage and antenna impedance ● 8MHz resonator oscillator generating a fixed antenna driver frequency of 125kHz Figure 2-2. Antenna Driver Board ATAB5279-V1.1 4 ATAK5279-82 [APPLICATION NOTE] 9124F–AUTO–04/15 Figure 2-3. Schematic of the Antenna Driver Transmitter Board ATAB5279_V1.1 X2_1 J1 D1 3 2 1 R1 + C2 L2 VBATT C1 8 to 16V 2 LD1 D2 TP3 3 C6 4 1 7 8 44 46 VDS2 VCC X5 VDS3 VIF 6 VIF C7 X1_14 PA4 X1_13 PA5 X1_9 PA6 X1_8 PA7 IRQ 41 NRES 40 MACT 9 A1P ATA5279 A2P A3P IRQ A4P NRES A5P A6P MACT PB4/SS X1_5 PB7/SCK X1_2 PB5/MOSI X1_4 PB6/MISO X1_11 GND C3 21 27 42 X6 26 A1P 30 A2P 33 A3P 29 A4P 32 A5P 34 A6P Antenna internally matched X3_1 Ant1 Ant2 Ant6 QFN48 Package BCNT 10 A1N1 BCNT A1N2 X1_1 + C4 48 VDS1 X1_12 TP1 1 VCC VS OSCO OSCI VL1 VL2 VL3 MCU ATmega 8515 GND X4_2 TP0 L1 Q1 X4_1 A2N1 S_CS 38 S_CLK 39 MOSI 37 MISO 36 A2N2 S_CS A3N1 S_CLK A3N2 MOSI A4N1 A4N2 MISO A5N1 A5N2 GND A6N1 A6N2 TP4 3 RINT VSHF1 VSHF2 CINT VSHS AGND1 AGND3 PGND2 RGND AGND2 PGND1 PGND3 2 8 31 35 43 45 24 A1N 25 19 A2N 20 14 A3N 15 22 A4N 23 16 A5N 17 12 A6N 13 X3_12 11 18 5 TP2 RSH 47 ATAK5279-82 [APPLICATION NOTE] 9124F–AUTO–04/15 5 Table 2-1. 6 Part List of the Antenna Driver Board ATAB5279_V1.1 Part No. Designation Value U1 Transmitter IC D1 Diode Schottky 60V/2A Type Manufacturer (Distributor) ATA5279 Atmel® SS26 Vishay® D2 Diode Schottky 60V/2A SS26 Vishay LD1 LED Red TLMT 3100 e.g., Vishay R1 Resistor 1.8k SMD 0603 RSH Resistor 1.0/1W SMD 3520 224-0008 e.g., RS RINT Resistor 0 C1 Capacitor Electrolytic 220µF/35V EEUFM1V221 (526-1828) Panasonic® (RS) C2 Capacitor Ceramic 100nF SMD 0603 Standard C3 Capacitor Ceramic 10µF/50V GCM32EC71H106K Murata® C4 Capacitor Ceramic 100nF SMD 0603 Standard C6 Capacitor Ceramic 100nF SMD 0603 Standard C7 Capacitor Ceramic 100nF SMD 0603 Standard CINT Capacitor Ceramic 10nF SMD 0603 Standard L1 Inductor 68µH/2.45A/98m L2 Inductor 68µH/2.45A/98m B82477P4683M00/ Alternative 744 770 168 EPCOS/ Würth Elektronik Q1 Resonator 8MHz CSTCE8M00G52A-R0 Murata B82477P4683M00/ Alternative 744 770 168 EPCOS/ Würth Elektronik X1-X2 Header pin 18 pin (solder) 1001-171-018 e.g., CAB XAnt1-6 Ant. connector (Tyco 5-103669-1) Or.Nr.: A33893-ND e.g., DigiKey X4 Power Plug 486-662 e.g., RS X5 Header Pin 10 pin inline (Component) 1001-171-010 e.g., CAB TP1-TP4 PCB test terminal White 262-2040 e.g., RS TPA1P-TPA6P PCB test terminal Black 262-2179 e.g., RS TPA1N-TPA6N PCB test terminal Black 262-2179 e.g., RS JP1 Header Pin 3 pin inline (RM2.54mm) 1001-171-003 e.g., CAB (JP1) Jumper 2.54mm 3300111 e.g., CAB GND Ground shackle Pitch 5.08: d = 1mm 13.07.056 Ettinger PCB Interface ATAB5279-V1.1 1.5mm, FR4, blue/white Wagner ATAK5279-82 [APPLICATION NOTE] 9124F–AUTO–04/15 2.2 Antenna Module ATAB-LFTX-V2.0 The module is equipped with an integrated standard antenna internally matched to a typical resonant frequency of 125kHz. On board there are two series resistors enabling 4 antenna quality factor values selectable by jumper JP1 and JP2. Figure 2-4. Antenna Module ATAB-LFTX-V2.0 Typical Antenna Coil Parameters at 125kHz (type Premo KGEA-BFCWX-B-0345J): Antenna Coil Inductance LC = 345 [µH] ±5% Antenna Coil Resistance RC = 2.3 Series Resistors R1 = 10/5W Series Resistors R2 = 6.8/5W Table 2-2. Selectable Q-factor Jumper J1 0 0 1 1 Jumper J2 0 1 0 1 Series Resistance RT () 19.1 12.3 9.1 2.3 Antenna Q Factor 14.2 22.0 29.8 117.8 Table 2-3. Alternative Antennas on Market (Datasheet Values) Supplier Part Number Inductance at 125kHz Resonant Frequenc Q Factor Resistance at 125 kHz Capacitor Internal TOKO STA8121-0002 - 125kHz ±1% - 1.8 4.7nF Premo KGEA-BFCWX-B-0345G 345µH 125kHz ±2% >115 - 4.7nF ATAK5279-82 [APPLICATION NOTE] 9124F–AUTO–04/15 7 2.3 Indicator Board ATAB5282 (Optional) On the receiver side, the three-channel LF receiver board ATAB5282 is preferred for passive entry (PE) applications. It is equipped with a 3D antenna specified with a sensitivity in all directions of approximately 100mV/Am. To guarantee a data rate of 4kbit/s for header detection, the total Q factor of the antenna coils is adjusted to about 25 via parallel resistors. This receiver configuration combined with the antenna module driven with the maximal driver current of 1Ap, achieves a wake-up distance of at least two meters in all directions. The board also enables an optional assembly by separate antenna coils for x,y,z field detection. In addition, an LED is used to indicate the received data protocol. Test points and a pin socket allow the measurement of the relevant signals. The RSSI measurement must be performed by an external control unit connecting NWAKE and NSCL via 6-pin header. A 3V-lithium battery is used to supply the receiver’s LEDs. Figure 2-5. Indicator Board ATAB5282V4 8 ATAK5279-82 [APPLICATION NOTE] 9124F–AUTO–04/15 Figure 2-6. Schematic of Indicator Board ATAB5282V4 R1 C1a C1b L1 VS VS COIL1 R8 GND 1 COIL1 VDD 8 R2 C2a C2b L2 R5 T1 2 COIL2 R3 R6 ATA5282 COIL2 NWAKE/ 7 DATA R7 NWAKE C3a C3b L3 Lith 3V C6 C4 R9 COIL3 LD1 3 COIL3 NSCL 6 NSCL TSSOP8 VS NWAKE NC 4 VSS TC 5 1 2 3 6 5 4 R4/1+R4/2 NC GND Table 2-4. NSCL Part List of the Indicator Board ATA5282_V4 Part No. Designation U1 Wake-up IC T1 Transistor PNP BC857 LD1 LED Red TLMT3100 Vishay L1-(L3) 3D Antenna Coil 4.77mH/7.20mH/Q = 23/29 3DC1515S-0477X P-749 002 Predan C1 Capacitor 330pF ±5%/50V SMD Ceramic e.g., Vishay C2 Capacitor 330pF ±5%/50V SMD Ceramic e.g., Vishay C3 Capacitor 270pF ±5%/50V SMD Ceramic e.g., Vishay C4 Capacitor 1µF/10V Tantal e.g., Vishay C6 Capacitor 10µF/10V Tantal e.g. Vishay R1 Resistor 180k SMD 0805 R2 Resistor 180k SMD 0805 R3 Resistor 390k SMD 0805 R4/1 Resistor 1M SMD 0805 R4/2 Resistor 1M SMD 0805 R5 Resistor 47k SMD 0805 R6 Resistor 100k SMD 0805 R7 Resistor 100 SMD 0805 R8 Resistor 100 SMD 0805 R9 Resistor 10k Vbatt1 Battery Holder Li-Cell Value Test Pins 1 pcs Test Socket Manufacturer Atmel SMD 0805 MPD BA2032SM 3V/220mAh 7 pcs Type T5282 MPD Inc. CR2032 2 x 3 pole ATAK5279-82 [APPLICATION NOTE] 9124F–AUTO–04/15 9 2.4 Receiver Board ATAB5283 The board, mainly preferred for TPMS applications, is equipped with a 1D LF antenna. A parallel resistor to the antenna coil is used to adapt the data rate, even though there is no header by the IC. Received data is indicated by an LED display. When the IC wakes up, it remains in active mode until a Reset is executed to initialize standby mode again. Test pins allow the measurement of all relevant signals. A 3V lithium battery is used to supply the receiver’s LEDs. Figure 2-7. Indicator Board ATAB5283V3 Figure 2-8. Schematic of Indicator Board ATAB5283V3 C1 L1 VS VS LF Receiver R1 R6 GND VDD 8 1 COIL1 Lith 3V C15 C14 R5 R4 ATA5283 2 TST1 T1 NWAKEUP 7 R3 NWAKE D1 LED red NDATA NDATA 6 3 TST1 R7 T2 TSSOP8 4 VSS R8 RESET X1 RESET NDATA GND VS RESET 5 R2 1 2 3 6 5 4 VS 10 ATAK5279-82 [APPLICATION NOTE] 9124F–AUTO–04/15 NC NWAKE Table 2-5. Part List of Receiver Board ATAB5283_V3 Part No. Designation U1 Wake-up IC T1 Transistor PNP BC857 T2 Transistor NPN BC847 D1 LED Red TLMT3100 Vishay L1 Antenna Coil 7.2mH/Q = 28 SDTR 1103-0720J Predan C1 Capacitor 220pF ±5%/50V SMD Ceramic e.g., Vishay C1b Capacitor Option C14 Capacitor 100nF ±10%/50V SMD Ceramic e.g., Vishay C15 Capacitor 10µF/10V Tantal e.g., Vishay R1 Resistor Option R2 Resistor 100k R3 Resistor 100 R4 Resistor 47k R5 Resistor 100k R6 Resistor 100 R7 Resistor 10k R8 Resistor 100k Vbatt1 Battery holder MPD BA2032SM MPD Inc. Li-Cell Value 3V/220mAh S1 Taster 6 pcs Test Pins 1 pcs Test Socket Type Supplier T5283 Atmel e.g., Vishay CR2032 ITT-Cannon® 2 x 3 pole ATAK5279-82 [APPLICATION NOTE] 9124F–AUTO–04/15 11 3. Host Software The Graphical User Interface (GUI), written in Visual Basic V7.0, is used to communicate with the AVR microcontroller on the base board. The software is installed using a a self-extracting setup file contained on the CD-ROM (see Section 4. “Starting the Demonstrator” on page 16). When installed, the operating menu is displayed (see Figure 3-1). Figure 3-1. Operating Menu on Host All commands and status information can be sent and read to and from the driver IC using the menu commands. 12 ATAK5279-82 [APPLICATION NOTE] 9124F–AUTO–04/15 3.1 Command Selection Commands accepted by the ATA5279 can be selected from the drop-down menu in the "Select Command" area (see Figure 3-2). The selected command can be sent directly to the IC by clicking the Direct Send button. Alternatively, click the Add to List button to create a command sequence as showed by Figure 3-1 on page 12. Using the Add to List and Clear Row button, the command sequence can modified. Figure 3-2. Command Selection 3.2 Step Mode Before sending commands to the ATA5279, the manner in which the commands are sent can be configured via the Step Mode drop-down list (see Figure 3-3). Commands can be sent step-wise in single steps or using an Auto step mode with a pre-selected step delay time. Command sequences can be saved or loaded via the File menu. Figure 3-3. Auto Step Mode 3.3 Status Monitoring The "Driver Setup" area provides information about the selected driver channel number as well as about the set-point of the driver current. The Get Diver Setup command has to be sent to refresh the information displayed. The "Status Info" area provides information about the general IC status. The Fault flag signals a common failure by interrupt request IRQ line. The special source of interrupt is decoded via the fault register. An explicit indication is given for over-temperature or if an overflow or underflow of the data buffer occurs. The Get Status Info command must be sent to refresh the information displayed. A Get Fault Info command has to be sent to indicate the type of fault. A massage relating to the fault is displayed in the "Fault Info" text box. ATAK5279-82 [APPLICATION NOTE] 9124F–AUTO–04/15 13 Figure 3-4. Status Monitoring 3.4 Creating LF Data to be Sent If the Send LD Data command is selected from the Select Command drop-down list, a number of new fields are displayed, see Figure 3-5. The nipple number can be selected from a drop-down list. The nipple sending order can be specified using the text boxes. The upper left text box is the first nipple, and the lower right box the last. Each bit of a nipple represents a field on time duration of 128 µs relating to a LF data rate of 4 kbit/s. Figure 3-5. LF Data Creation If the data is more than 16 nipples, an additional Send LF Data commands need to be sent. However, due to the transmission time via the serial interface, the internal data buffer of the ATA5279 cannot be recharged fast enough which leads to an interruption of the sent LF data sequence. A longer term of non interrupted LF data pattern is only possible if the data buffer is reloaded from the firmware of the microcontroller. A special run mode feature will be implemented in a later software version. 14 ATAK5279-82 [APPLICATION NOTE] 9124F–AUTO–04/15 3.5 Command Code Structure The host software uses a text interpreter to convert the selected ASCII commands into the corresponding byte value to be sent to the AT5279 IC via MOSI line of the SPI interface. For each MOSI command, the IC responds to the last received command byte value by MISO line. If a status command is sent, an additional byte follows containing the status value (see Figure 3-5 on page 14). Note, for the "Send LF Data" command, the order of the LF data nipples is byte-wise inverted in relation to the MOSI command. That is a special feature of this host software to make it easier for users to create their own LF data pattern. An example of a command sequence extract is shown in Figure 3-6 on page 15. Figure 3-6. Example of Command Code ATAK5279-82 [APPLICATION NOTE] 9124F–AUTO–04/15 15 4. Starting the Demonstrator 1. Install the demonstration software by running the setup.exe file and following the menu instructions. If, during the installation process the proposed default folder is accepted, the path of the ATA5279.exe is as follows: Using an English-language Windows system:\Program Files\Ata5279 Software\Ata5279.exe Using a German-language Windows system:\Programme\ Ata5279 Software\Ata5279.exe 2. Copy the default LF data "Protocol_ATA5282_Receiver" and "Protocol_Channel_1-6" from the CD ROM to the installation folder. 3. When the software program Atab5279.exe (located in the installation folder) has been installed, the host operating menu appears as shown in Figure 3-1 on page 12. 4. Build up the demonstrator system according to the configuration shown in Figure 1-1 on page 2 and Figure 2-1 on page 3. Note: 4.1 For software installation, ensure the host PC has “write” permission. Waking-up the ATA5282 Indicator 1. Insert the battery into the slot on the ATAB5282 receiver board and place the board at a distance of about 50cm along the transmitter antenna axis. 2. Load on host menu the "Protocol_Ata5282_Receiver" file prepared to pass the header detection of the receiver. 3. The related LF data is sent by the driver channel no.1 with 4kbit/s and an antenna current of 1000mAp. Figure 4-1. ATAB5282 Receiver Board 16 ATAK5279-82 [APPLICATION NOTE] 9124F–AUTO–04/15 Figure 4-2. File Load Figure 4-3. ATA5282 Protocol 4.2 4. Select Step Mode > Auto = 500 ms from the Step Mode drop-down menu (see Figure 3-3 on page 13) and click the Send button. 5. The command sequence shown in Figure 4-3 is sent in loop. Each time the Send LF data is executed, the LED on the ATAB5282 board flashes (see LED I Indication in Figure 4-1). 6. While the LF data is being sent in Auto Step mode, move the receiver along the distance and orientation to check the receive performance. With an antenna current of 1000 mAp the receiver should be able to detect the sent protocol at a distance of at least 2 meters. Signal Transmission Tx-Rx Measurement During the wake-up procedure described in Section 4.1 “Waking-up the ATA5282 Indicator” on page 16, the LF data transmission signals between the antenna driver board ATAB5279 and receiver board ATAB5282 can also be measured. Connect an oscilloscope to the test pins on the boards. ATAK5279-82 [APPLICATION NOTE] 9124F–AUTO–04/15 17 Figure 4-4. Signal Measurement 18 ATAK5279-82 [APPLICATION NOTE] 9124F–AUTO–04/15 4.3 Diagnostic Functions The IC protects itself from destruction if a fault occurs. For demonstration purposes, an antenna fault can be provoked. The result can be seen in the Status Info and Fault Info fields. ● Configure driver channel as follows: ● ● ● Channel AP1-AN1 > antenna module ● Channel AP2-AN2 > antenna module ● Channel AP3-AN3 > short circuit ● Channel AP4-GND > short circuit ● Channel AP5-Vbatt > short circuit ● Channel AN6-Vbatt > short circuit Load by File tap Protocol_Channel_1-6 Send commands in Single Step Mode and watch the Status Info indication and Fault Info message according to Figure 3-4 on page 14 after activation of each channel. Figure 4-5. Channel Diagnostic 5. Revision History Please note that the following page numbers referred to in this section refer to the specific revision mentioned, not to this document. Revision No. History 9124F-AUTO-04/15 Put document in the latest template 9124E-AUTO-02/13 Table 2-1 “Part List of the Antenna Driver Board ATAB5279_V1.1” on page 6 updated 9124D-AUTO-12/12 Section 2.2 “Antenna Module ATAB-LFTX-V2.0” on page 7 updated 9124C-AUTO-09/12 Section 2.2 “Antenna Module ATAB-LFTX-V2.0” on page 7 updated ATAK5279-82 [APPLICATION NOTE] 9124F–AUTO–04/15 19 XXXXXX Atmel Corporation 1600 Technology Drive, San Jose, CA 95110 USA T: (+1)(408) 441.0311 F: (+1)(408) 436.4200 | www.atmel.com © 2015 Atmel Corporation. / Rev.: 9124F–AUTO–04/15 Atmel®, Atmel logo and combinations thereof, Enabling Unlimited Possibilities®, AVR®, and others are registered trademarks or trademarks of Atmel Corporation in U.S. and other countries. Other terms and product names may be trademarks of others. DISCLAIMER: The information in this document is provided in connection with Atmel products. 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