Download Datasheet

STOD13AS
250 mA dual DC-DC converter
for powering AMOLED displays
Features
■
Step-up and inverter converters
■
Operating input voltage range from 2.5 V to
4.5 V
■
Synchronous rectification for both DC-DC
converters
■
Minimum 250 mA output current
■
4.6 V fixed positive output voltage
■
Programmable negative voltage by SWIRE from
-2.4 V to -6.4 V at 100 mV steps
■
Typical efficiency: 85%
■
Pulse skipping mode in light load condition
■
1.5 MHz PWM mode control switching
frequency
■
TDMA noise high immunity
■
Enable pin for shutdown mode
■
Low quiescent current in shutdown mode
■
Soft-start with inrush current protection
■
Overtemperature protection
■
Temperature range: -40 °C to 85 °C
■
True-shutdown mode
■
Fast discharge outputs of the circuits after
shutdown
■
Short-circuit protection
■
Package DFN12L (3 x 3 mm) 0.6 mm height
DFN12L (3 x 3 mm)
■
Multimedia players
Description
Applications
■
Active matrix AMOLED power supply in
portable devices
■
Cellular phones
The STOD13AS is a dual DC-DC converter for
AMOLED display panels. It integrates a step-up
and an inverting DC-DC converter making it
particularly suitable for battery operated products,
in which the major concern is overall system
efficiency. It works in pulse skipping mode during
low load conditions and PWM-MODE at 1.5 MHz
frequency for medium/high load conditions. The
high frequency allows the value and size of
external components to be reduced. The Enable
pin allows the device to be turned off, therefore
reducing the current consumption to less than 1
µA. The negative output voltage can be
programmed by an MCU through a dedicated pin
which implements single-wire protocol. Soft-start
with controlled inrush current limit, thermal
shutdown, and short-circuit protection are
integrated functions of the device.
■
Camcorders and digital still cameras
Table 1.
Device summary
Order code
Positive voltage
Negative voltage
Package
Packaging
STOD13ASTPUR
4.6V
-2.4V to -6.4V
DFN12L (3 x 3mm)
3000 parts per reel
January 2012
Doc ID 022733 Rev 1
1/25
www.st.com
25
Contents
STOD13AS
Contents
1
Schematic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2
Pin configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
3
Maximum ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
4
Electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
5
Typical performance characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
6
Detailed description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
6.1
7
SWIRE features and benefits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
6.1.2
SWIRE protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
6.1.3
SWIRE basic operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Negative output voltage levels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
6.3
Enable, SWIRE and FD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Application information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
7.2
External passive components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
7.1.1
Inductor selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
7.1.2
Input and output capacitor selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Recommended PCB layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Detailed description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
8.1
2/25
6.1.1
6.2
7.1
8
SWIRE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
General description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
8.1.1
Multiple operation modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
8.1.2
Pulse skipping operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
8.1.3
Discontinuous conduction mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
8.1.4
Continuous conduction mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
8.1.5
Enable pin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
8.1.6
Soft-start and inrush current limiting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
8.1.7
Undervoltage lockout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
8.1.8
Overtemperature protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Doc ID 022733 Rev 1
STOD13AS
Contents
8.1.9
Short-circuit protection during soft-start (SSD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
8.1.10
Overload protection (OLP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
8.1.11
Short-circuit protection (SCP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
8.1.12
Fast discharge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
9
Package mechanical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
10
Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Doc ID 022733 Rev 1
3/25
Schematic
1
STOD13AS
Schematic
Figure 1.
Application schematic
LX1
VBAT
CIN
VINP
LX1
VMID
VINA
CMID
S-WIRE
EN
FD
S-WIRE
STOD13AS
EN
FD
VREF
CREF
VO2
PGND
AGND
CO2
LX2
LX2
AM10459v1
Table 2.
Typical external components
Comp.
Manufacturer
Part number
Value
Size
Ratings
L1 (1)
CoilCraft
Murata
LPS4012-472ML
LQH3NPN4R7MM0
4.7µH
4.0 x 4.0 x 1.2
3.0 x 3.0 x 1.5
±20%, I = 1.7A, R = 0.175Ω
±20%, I = 1.25A, R = 0.13Ω
L2 (2)
CoilCraft
Murata
LPS4012-472ML
LQH3NPN4R7MM0
4.7µH
4.0 x 4.0 x 1.2
3.0 x 3.0 x 1.5
±20%, I = 1.7A, R = 0.175Ω
±20%, I = 1.25A, R = 0.13Ω
CIN
Murata
Taiyo YudeN
GRM219R61A106KE44
LMK212BJ106KD-T
2 x 10µF
0805
±10%, X5R, 10V
±10%, X5R, 10V
CMID
Murata
Taiyo YudeN
GRM219R61A106KE44
LMK212BJ106KD-T
10µF
0805
0805
±10%, X5R, 10V
±10%, X5R, 10V
CO2
Murata
Taiyo YudeN
GRM219R61A106KE44
LMK212BJ106KD-T
2 x 10µF
0805
0805
±10%, X5R, 10V
±10%, X5R, 10V
CREF
Murata
Taiyo YudeN
GRM185R60J105KE26
JMK107BJ105KK-T
1µF
0603
0603
±10%, X5R, 6.3V
±10%, X5R, 6.3V
1. A 250 mA load can be provided with inductor saturation current as a minimum of 0.9 A.
2. At -6.4 V, a 250 mA load can be provided with inductor saturation current as a minimum of 1.5 A. See Section 7.1.1.
Note:
4/25
All the above components refer to the typical application performance characteristics.
Operation of the device is not limited to the choice of these external components. Inductor
values ranging from 3.3 µH to 6.8 µH can be used together with the STOD13AS.
Doc ID 022733 Rev 1
STOD13AS
Schematic
Figure 2.
Block schematic
VINP
L X1
DMD
P1A
N1
VINA
RING
KILLER
UVLO
s
s
s
P1B
VMID
STEP-UP
CONTROL
EN
LOGIC CONTROL
OTP
S-WIRE
FAST
DISCHARGE
SWIRE
V REF
FD
OSC
VREF
AGND
DMD
VINP
PGND
s
P2
SSD
SCP
OLP
s
N2
INVERTING
CONTROL
LX
CURRENT
SENSE
VO2
#
#
VO2
S-WIRE
control
FAST
DISCHARGE
VREF
LX2
Doc ID 022733 Rev 1
AM10458v1
5/25
Pin configuration
2
STOD13AS
Pin configuration
Figure 3.
Pin configuration (top view)
Table 3.
Pin description
Pin name
Pin n°
Lx1
1
Boost converter switching node
PGND
2
Power ground pin
VMID
3
Boost converter output voltage
FD
4
Fast discharge control pin. When pulled LOW, the fast discharge after
shutdown is active. When pulled HIGH, the fast discharge is OFF
AGND
5
Signal ground pin. This pin must be connected to the power ground layer
VREF
6
Voltage reference output. 1 µF bypass capacitor must be connected
between this pin and AGND
SWIRE
7
Negative voltage setting pin
EN
8
Enable control pin. High = converter on; Low = converter in shutdown
mode
VO2
9
Inverting converter output voltage
Lx2
10
Inverting converter switching node
VIN A
11
Analogic input supply voltage
VIN P
12
Power input supply voltage
Exposed
pad
6/25
Description
Internally connected to AGND. Exposed pad must be connected to
ground layers in the PCB layout in order to guarantee proper operation of
the device
Doc ID 022733 Rev 1
STOD13AS
Maximum ratings
3
Maximum ratings
Table 4.
Absolute maximum ratings
Symbol
Parameter
Value
Unit
-0.3 to 6
V
VINA, VINP
DC supply voltage
EN, SWIRE
Logic input pins
-0.3 to 4.6
V
FD
Logic input pin
-0.3 to VINA +0.3
V
ILX2
Inverting converter switching current
Internally limited
A
LX2
Inverting converter switching node voltage
-10 to VINP + 0.3
V
VO2
Inverting converter output voltage
-10 to AGND + 0.3
V
VMID
Step-up converter and LDO output voltage
-0.3 to 6
V
LX1
Step-up converter switching node voltage
-0.3 to VMID + 0.3
V
ILX1
Step-up converter switching current
Internally limited
A
VREF
Reference voltage
-0.3 to 3
V
PD
Power dissipation
Internally limited
mW
-65 to 150
°C
Maximum junction temperature
150
°C
Human body model protection
±2
kV
Machine body model protection
200
V
TSTG
TJ
Storage temperature range
ESD
Note:
Absolute maximum ratings are those values beyond which damage to the device may occur.
Functional operation under these condition is not implied.
The Lx1 and Lx2 have high slew rate and they can be over the absolute maximum rating
during operation due to the parasitic inductance in the PCB and scope probe. An absolute
maximum rating of Lx1 and Lx2 is related to voltage supplied by an external source so the
internally generated Lx1 and Lx2 voltage during normal operation doesn't damage the
chipset.
Table 5.
Symbol
RthJA
RthJC
Thermal data
Parameter
Thermal resistance junction-ambient
Thermal resistance junction-case (FR-4 PCB)
(1)
Value
Unit
33
°C/W
2.12
°C/W
1. The package is mounted on a 4-layer (2S2P) JEDEC board as per JESD51-7.
Doc ID 022733 Rev 1
7/25
Electrical characteristics
4
STOD13AS
Electrical characteristics
TJ = 25 °C, VINA = VINP = 3.7 V, IMID,O2 = 30 mA, CIN = 2 x 10 µF, CMID = 10 µF,
CO2 = 2 x 10 µF, CREF = 1 µF, L1 = L2 = 4.7 µH, VEN = 2 V, VMID = 4.6 V, VO2 = -4.9 V unless
otherwise specified.
Table 6.
Electrical characteristics
Symbol
Parameter
Test conditions
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
2.5
3.7
4.5
V
2.22
2.25
V
General section
VINA, VINP
Supply input voltage
UVLO_H
Under voltage lockout HIGH
VINA rising
UVLO_L
Under voltage lockout LOW
VINA falling
Input current
No load condition
IQ_SH
Shutdown current
VEN = VSW = GND
TJ = -40°C to +85°C
VEN H
Enable high threshold
VINA=2.5V to 4.5V,
TJ = -40°C to +85°C
VEN L
Enable low threshold
IEN
Enable input current
VEN=VINA=4.5V;
TJ = -40°C to +85°C
VFD H
Fast discharge high threshold
VINA=2.5V to 4.5V,
TJ = -40°C to +85°C
VFD L
Fast discharge low threshold
IFD
Fast discharge input current
VFD=VINA=4.5V;
TJ = -40°C to +85°C
fs
Switching frequency
PWM mode
D1MAX
Step-up maximum duty cycle
No load
87
%
D2MAX
Inverting maximum duty cycle No load
87
%
I_VI
Total system efficiency
1.9
2.18
1.7
V
2.1
mA
1
µA
1.2
V
0.4
1
1.2
µA
V
0.4
1.35
1.5
IMID,O2=10 to 30mA,
VMID=4.6V, VO2=-4.9V
78
IMID,O2=30 to 150mA,
VMID=4.6V, VO2=-4.9V
85
IMID,O2=150 to 250mA,
VMID=4.6V, VO2=-4.9V
82
VREF
Reference voltage
IREF=10µA
IREF
Reference current capability
@ 98.5% of no load
reference voltage
1.208
1.220
50
µA
1.65
MHz
%
1.232
100
V
µA
Step-up converter section
Positive output voltage
VMID
8/25
Positive output voltage total
variation
4.6
VINA=VINP=2.9V to 4.5V;
IMID=5mA to 250mA, IO2 no
load TJ = -40°C to +85°C
Doc ID 022733 Rev 1
-0.8
V
0.8
%
STOD13AS
Table 6.
Symbol
ΔVMID LT
ΔVMID T
Electrical characteristics
Electrical characteristics (continued)
Parameter
Line transient
Load transient response
Test conditions
Min.
Max.
Unit
VINA,P=3.4V to 2.9V,
IMID=100mA; TR=TF=10µs
-10
mV
IMID=3 to 30mA and IMID=30
to 3mA, TR=TF=150µs
±20
mV
IMID=10 to 100mA and
IMID=100 to 10mA,
TR=TF=150µs
±25
mV
Undershoot/overshoot
TDMA Noise Static variation between low
and high VIN level
Typ.
±20
IMID=10 to 50mA; IO2 no load
mV
(1)
4
IMID MAX
Maximum output current
VINA,P=2.9V to 4.5V
250
I-L1MAX
Step-up inductor peak current
VMID 10% below nominal
value
1.08
mA
1.32
A
Step-up converter section
RDSONP1
P-channel static drain-source
ON resistance
VINA=VINP=3.7V,
ISW-P1=100mA
1.0
2.0
Ω
RDSONN1
N-channel static drain-source
ON resistance
VINA=VINP=3.7V,
ISW-N1=100mA
0.4
1.0
Ω
-2.4
V
Inverting converter section
41 different values set by
Negative output voltage range SWIRE pin
(see Section 6.1.2)
VO2
ΔVO2 LT
ΔVO2 T
-6.4
Negative output voltage
-4.9
Negative output voltage total
variation
VINA=VINP=2.9V to 4.5V;
IO2=5mA to 250mA, IMID no
load TJ = -40°C to +85°C
Line transient
VINA,P=3.4V to 2.9V,
IO2=100mA, TR=TF=10µs
+10
mV
IO2=3 to 30mA and IO2=30 to
3mA, TR=TF=150µs
±20
mV
IO2=10 to 100mA and
IO2=100 to 10mA,
TR=TF=150µs
±25
mV
Load transient response
-1.7
Undershoot/overshoot
TDMA Noise Static variation between low
and high VIN level
1.7
%
±20
IO2=10 to 50mA; IMID no load
mV
(1)
5
IO2 MAX
Maximum output current
VINA,P=2.9V to 4.5V
-250
I-L2MAX
Inverting peak current
VO2 below 10% of nominal
value
-1.6
P-channel static drain-source
ON resistance
VINA=VINP=3.7V,
ISW-P2=100mA
RDSONP2
V
Doc ID 022733 Rev 1
mA
0.42
-1.3
A
0.8
Ω
9/25
Electrical characteristics
Table 6.
STOD13AS
Electrical characteristics (continued)
Symbol
Parameter
RDSONN2
N-channel static drain-source
ON resistance
Test conditions
VINA=VINP=3.7V,
ISW-N2=100mA
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
0.43
0.8
Ω
Thermal shutdown
OTP
Overtemperature protection
140
°C
OTPHYST
Overtemperature protection
hysteresis
15
°C
Discharge resistor
RDIS
Resistor value
No load, EN=SW=FD=Low
400
Ω
TDIS
Discharge time
No load, EN=SW=FD=Low,
VMID-VO2 at 10% of nominal
value
10
ms
1. VINA,P = 4.2 to 3.7 V, 3.7 to 3.2 V, 3.4 to 2.9 V, f = 200 Hz; tON = 3.65 ms; tOFF = 1.25 ms; TR = TF = 10 µs, pulse signal.
10/25
Doc ID 022733 Rev 1
STOD13AS
5
Typical performance characteristics
Typical performance characteristics
VINA = VINP = 3.7 V, VO2 = -4.9 V, TJ = 25 °C; See Table 1 for external components used in
the tests below.
Figure 4.
Maximum power output vs. input
voltage
Figure 5.
Efficiency vs. output current
4.50
90.0
4.25
87.5
4.00
3.75
85.0
3.50
82.5
3.00
2.75
Efficiency [%]
P_OUT [W]
3.25
Po1,2 MAX
2.50
80.0
77.5
75.0
3.4 V
3.7 V
72.5
3.8 V
2.25
2.00
4V
1.75
4.2 V
70.0
4.5 V
1.50
67.5
1.25
65.0
1.00
2.5
2.7
2.9
3.1
3.3
3.5
3.7
3.9
4.1
4.3
4.5
5
20
35
Figure 6.
50
65
95
110
125
140
155
170
185
200
215
230
245
260
ILOAD [mA]
V_IN [V]
Total system efficiency vs. ILOAD
Figure 7.
Soft-start and inrush current
90.0
87.5
85.0
82.5
Efficiency [%]
80.0
77.5
Coilcra
LPS4012 at 3.7 V
75.0
muRata
LQH3NPN at 3.7 V
72.5
70.0
67.5
65.0
5
25
45
65
85
105
125
145
165
185
205
225
245
ILOAD [mA]
Doc ID 022733 Rev 1
11/25
Typical performance characteristics
Figure 8.
Fast discharge no load,
EN=SW=FD=Low
STOD13AS
Figure 9.
Switching and output waveforms
VINA = VINP = 2.9 V, IMID,O2 = 250 mA, TJ = 85 °C
Figure 10. Step-up CCM operation
Figure 11. Inverting CCM operation
VINA = VINP = 2.9 V, IMID = 100 mA, TJ = 25 °C
VINA = VINP = 2.9 V, IMID = 100 mA, TJ = 25 °C
12/25
Doc ID 022733 Rev 1
STOD13AS
Detailed description
6
Detailed description
6.1
SWIRE
6.1.1
6.1.2
6.1.3
●
Protocol: to digitally communicate over a single cable with single-wire components
●
Single-wire's 3 components:
1.
an external MCU
2.
wiring and associated connectors
3.
the STOD13AS device with a dedicated single-wire pin.
SWIRE features and benefits
●
Fully digital signal
●
No handshake needed
●
Protection against glitches and spikes though an internal low pass filter acting on falling
edges
●
Uses a single wire (plus analog ground) to accomplish both communication and power
control transmission
●
Simplify design with an interface protocol that supplies control and signaling over a
single-wire connection to set the output voltages.
SWIRE protocol
●
Single-wire protocol uses conventional CMOS/TTL logic levels (maximum 0.6 V for
logic “zero” and a minimum 1.2 V for logic “one”) with operation specified over a supply
voltage range of 2.5 V to 4.5 V
●
Both master (MCU) and slave (STOD13AS) are configured to permit bit sequential data
to flow only in one direction at a time; master initiates and controls the device
●
Data is bit-sequential with a START bit and a STOP bit
●
Signal is transferred in real time
●
System clock is not required; each single-wire pulse is self-clocked by the oscillator
integrated in the master and is asserted valid within a frequency range of 250 kHz
(maximum).
SWIRE basic operations
●
The negative output voltage levels are selectable within a wide range (steps of 100 mV)
●
The device can be enabled / disabled via SWIRE in combination with the Enable pin.
Doc ID 022733 Rev 1
13/25
Detailed description
STOD13AS
6.2
Negative output voltage levels
Table 7.
Negative output voltage levels
Pulse
VO2
Pulse
VO2
Pulse
VO2
Pulse
VO2
1
-6.4
11
-5.4
21
-4.4
31
-3.4
2
-6.3
12
-5.3
22
-4.3
32
-3.3
3
-6.2
13
-5.2
23
-4.2
33
-3.2
4
-6.1
14
-5.1
24
-4.1
34
-3.1
5
-6.0
15
-5.0
25
-4.0
35
-3.0
6
-5.9
16 (1)
-4.9
26
-3.9
36
-2.9
7
-5.8
17
-4.8
27
-3.8
37
-2.8
8
-5.7
18
-4.7
28
-3.7
38
-2.7
9
-5.6
19
-4.6
29
-3.6
39
-2.6
10
-5.5
20
-4.5
30
-3.5
40
-2.5
41
-2.4
1. Default value.
6.3
Enable, SWIRE and FD
Table 8.
Enable and SWIRE operation table (1)
Enable
SWIRE
Action
Low
Low
Device off
Low
High
Negative output set by SWIRE
High
Low
Default negative output voltage
High
High
Default negative output voltage
1. The Enable pin must be set to AGND while using the SWIRE function.
Table 9.
Fast discharge operation table
FD pin
14/25
Action
Low
Fast discharge active after IC shutdown
High
No fast discharge function
Doc ID 022733 Rev 1
STOD13AS
Application information
7
Application information
7.1
External passive components
7.1.1
Inductor selection
Magnetic shielded low ESR power inductors must be chosen as the key passive
components for switching converters.
For the step-up converter an inductance between 4.7 µH and 6.8 µH is recommended.
For the inverting stage the suggested inductance ranges from 3.3 µH to 4.7 µH.
It is very important to select the right inductor according to the maximum current the
inductor can handle to avoid saturation. The step-up and the inverting peak current can be
calculated as follows:
Equation 1
IPEAK −BOOST =
VMID × IOUT VINMIN × (VMID − VINMIN )
+
η1× VINMIN
2 × VMID × fs × L1
Equation 2
I PEAK - INVERTING =
(VINMIN - VO2MIN ) x I OUT
VINMIN x VO 2 MIN
+
η 2 x VINMIN
2 x (VO 2MIN - VINMIN ) x fs xL2
where
VMID: step-up output voltage, fixed at 4.6 V;
VO2: inverting output voltage including sign (minimum value is the absolute maximum
value);
IO: output current for both DC-DC converters;
VIN: input voltage of the STOD13AS;
fs: switching frequency. Use the minimum value of 1.35 MHz for the worst case;
η1: efficiency of step-up converter. Typical value is 0.70;
η2: efficiency of inverting converter. Typical value is 0.60.
The negative output voltage can be set via SWIRE at -6.4 V. Accordingly, the inductor peak
current, at the maximum load condition, increases. A proper inductor, with a saturation
current as a minimum of 1 A, is preferred.
7.1.2
Input and output capacitor selection
It is recommended to use X5R or X7R low ESR ceramic capacitors as input and output
capacitors in order to filter any disturbance present in the input line and to obtain stable
operation for the two switching converters. A minimum real capacitance value of 6 µF must
be guaranteed for CMID and CO2 in all conditions. Considering tolerance, temperature
variation and DC polarization, a 10 µF, 10 V ±10% capacitor as CMID and 2 x 10 µF, 10 V
±10% as CO2, can be used to achieve the required 6 µF.
Doc ID 022733 Rev 1
15/25
Application information
7.2
STOD13AS
Recommended PCB layout
The STOD13AS is a high frequency power switching device and therefore requires a proper
PCB layout in order to obtain the necessary stability and optimize line/load regulation and
output voltage ripple.
Analog input (VINA) and power input (VINP) must be kept separated and connected together
at the CIN pad only. The input capacitor must be as close as possible to the IC.
In order to minimize the ground noise, a common ground node for power ground and a
different one for analog ground must be used. In the recommended layout, the AGND node
is placed close to CREF ground while the PGND node is centered at CIN ground. They are
connected by a separated layer routing on the bottom through vias.
The exposed pad is connected to AGND through vias.
Figure 12. Top layer and silk-screen (top view, not to scale)
Figure 13. Bottom layer and silk-screen (top view, not to scale)
16/25
Doc ID 022733 Rev 1
STOD13AS
Detailed description
8
Detailed description
8.1
General description
The STOD13AS is a high efficiency dual DC-DC converter which integrates a step-up and
inverting power stage suitable for supplying AMOLED panels. Thanks to the high level of
integration it needs only 6 external components to operate and it achieves very high
efficiency using a synchronous rectification technique for each of the two DC-DC converters.
The controller uses an average current mode technique in order to obtain good stability and
precise voltage regulation in all possible conditions of input voltage, output voltage, and
output current. In addition, the peak inductor current is monitored in order to avoid saturation
of the coils.
The STOD13AS implements a power saving technique in order to maintain high efficiency at
very light load and it switches to PWM operation as the load increases in order to guarantee
the best dynamic performance and low noise operation.
The STOD13AS avoids battery leakage thanks to the true-shutdown feature and it is self
protected from overtemperature. Undervoltage lockout and soft-start guarantee proper
operation during startup.
8.1.1
Multiple operation modes
Both the step-up and the inverting stage of the STOD13AS operate in three different modes:
pulse skipping (PSM), discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) and continuous conduction
mode (CCM). It switches automatically between the three modes according to input voltage,
output current, and output voltage conditions.
8.1.2
Pulse skipping operation
The STOD13AS works in pulse skipping mode when the load current is below some tens of
mA. The load current level at which this way of operation occurs depends on input voltage
only for the step-up converter and on input voltage and negative output voltage (VO2) for the
inverting converter.
8.1.3
Discontinuous conduction mode
When the load increases above a few mA, the STOD13AS enters DCM operation. In order
to obtain this type of operation the controller must avoid the inductor current going negative.
The discontinuous mode detector (DMD) blocks sense the voltage across the synchronous
rectifiers (P1B for the step-up and N2 for the inverting) and turn off the switches when the
voltage crosses a defined threshold which, in turn, represents a certain current in the
inductor. This current can vary according to the slope of the inductor current which depends
on input voltage, inductance value, and output voltage.
8.1.4
Continuous conduction mode
At medium/high output loads, the STOD13AS enters full CCM at constant switching
frequency mode for each of the two DC-DC converters.
Doc ID 022733 Rev 1
17/25
Detailed description
8.1.5
STOD13AS
Enable pin
The device operates when the EN pin is set high. If the EN pin is set low, the device stops
switching, and all the internal blocks are turned off. In this condition the current drawn from
VINP/VINA is below 1 µA in the whole temperature range. In addition, the internal switches
are in an OFF state so the load is electrically disconnected from the input, this avoids
unwanted current leakage from the input to the load.
8.1.6
Soft-start and inrush current limiting
After the EN pin is pulled high, or after a suitable voltage is applied to VINP, VINA and EN, the
device initiates the start-up phase.
As a first step, the CMID capacitor is charged and the P1B switch implements a current
limiting technique in order to keep the charge current below 400 mA. This avoids the battery
overloading during startup.
After VMID reaches the VINP voltage level, the P1B switch is fully turned on and the soft-start
procedure for the step-up is started. After around 2 ms the soft-start for the inverting is
started. The positive and negative voltages are under regulation at around 13 ms after the
EN pin is asserted high.
8.1.7
Undervoltage lockout
The undervoltage lockout function avoids improper operation of the STOD13AS when the
input voltage is not high enough. When the input voltage is below the UVLO threshold the
device is in shutdown mode. The hysteresis of 50 mV avoids unstable operation when the
input voltage is close to the UVLO threshold.
8.1.8
Overtemperature protection
An internal temperature sensor continuously monitors the IC junction temperature. If the IC
temperature exceeds 140 °C, typical, the device stops operating. As soon as the
temperature falls below 125 °C, typical, normal operation is restored.
8.1.9
Short-circuit protection during soft-start (SSD)
During device soft-start on the positive output, an internal comparator checks if the panel is
damaged. In this case, soft-start is stopped and the device is parked in power-off. To reset
the normal functionality (assuming that the anomalous load condition is removed), it is
necessary to restart the converter through an enable transient.
If the panel is not damaged it is possible to proceed with the soft-start of the negative output
and both reach their final value, therefore ensuring normal output voltages and functionality.
8.1.10
Overload protection (OLP)
The output current is internally limited. An overload condition, as a short-circuit between the
two outputs or between each output and GND, produces the device power-off. To reset the
18/25
Doc ID 022733 Rev 1
STOD13AS
Detailed description
normal functionality (assuming that the short condition is removed), it is necessary to restart
the converter through an enable transient.
8.1.11
Short-circuit protection (SCP)
When short-circuit occurs, the device is able to detect the voltage difference between VIN
and VOUT. Overshoots are limited, decreasing the inductor current. After that, the output
stages of the device are turned off. This status is maintained, avoiding current flowing to the
load. A new ENABLE transition is needed to restart the device. During startup the shortcircuit protection is active.
8.1.12
Fast discharge
When ENABLE turns from high to low level, the device goes into shutdown mode LX1 and
LX2 stop switching. If the FD pin is low, a resistor of about 400 Ω is connected between
VMID and VO2 to discharge quickly CMID and CO2 capacitors, lowering in about 10 ms the
differential output voltage (VMID-VO2) below 10% of nominal value. When the output
voltages are discharged to 0 V, the switches turn off and the outputs are high impedance.
When the FD pin is high, the fast discharge after shutdown is off.
Doc ID 022733 Rev 1
19/25
Package mechanical data
9
STOD13AS
Package mechanical data
In order to meet environmental requirements, ST offers these devices in different grades of
ECOPACK® packages, depending on their level of environmental compliance. ECOPACK
specifications, grade definitions and product status are available at: www.st.com. ECOPACK
is an ST trademark.
20/25
Doc ID 022733 Rev 1
STOD13AS
Package mechanical data
Table 10.
DFN12L (3 x 3) mechanical data
mm.
inch.
Dim.
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Min.
Typ.
Typ.
A
0.51
0.55
0.60
0.020
0.022
0.024
A1
0
0.02
0.05
0
0.001
0.002
A3
0.20
0.008
b
0.18
0.25
0.30
0.007
0.010
0.012
D
2.85
3
3.15
0.112
0.118
0.124
D2
1.87
2.02
2.12
0.074
0.080
0.083
E
2.85
3
3.15
0.112
0.118
0.124
E2
1.06
1.21
1.31
0.042
0.048
0.052
e
L
0.45
0.30
0.40
0.018
0.50
0.012
0.016
0.020
Figure 14. DFN12L (3 x 3) drawing
8085116-A
Doc ID 022733 Rev 1
21/25
Package mechanical data
STOD13AS
Tape & reel QFNxx/DFNxx (3x3) mechanical data
mm.
inch
DIM.
MIN.
TYP
A
MIN.
TYP.
330
C
12.8
D
20.2
N
99
13.2
MAX.
12.992
0.504
0.519
0.795
101
T
22/25
MAX.
3.898
3.976
14.4
0.567
Ao
3.3
0.130
Bo
3.3
0.130
Ko
1.1
0.043
Po
4
0.157
P
8
0.315
Doc ID 022733 Rev 1
STOD13AS
Package mechanical data
Figure 15. DFN12L (3 x 3 mm) footprint recommended data
Doc ID 022733 Rev 1
23/25
Revision history
STOD13AS
10
Revision history
Table 11.
Document revision history
Date
Revision
27-Jan-2012
1
24/25
Changes
Initial release.
Doc ID 022733 Rev 1
STOD13AS
Please Read Carefully:
Information in this document is provided solely in connection with ST products. STMicroelectronics NV and its subsidiaries (“ST”) reserve the
right to make changes, corrections, modifications or improvements, to this document, and the products and services described herein at any
time, without notice.
All ST products are sold pursuant to ST’s terms and conditions of sale.
Purchasers are solely responsible for the choice, selection and use of the ST products and services described herein, and ST assumes no
liability whatsoever relating to the choice, selection or use of the ST products and services described herein.
No license, express or implied, by estoppel or otherwise, to any intellectual property rights is granted under this document. If any part of this
document refers to any third party products or services it shall not be deemed a license grant by ST for the use of such third party products
or services, or any intellectual property contained therein or considered as a warranty covering the use in any manner whatsoever of such
third party products or services or any intellectual property contained therein.
UNLESS OTHERWISE SET FORTH IN ST’S TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF SALE ST DISCLAIMS ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
WARRANTY WITH RESPECT TO THE USE AND/OR SALE OF ST PRODUCTS INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION IMPLIED
WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE (AND THEIR EQUIVALENTS UNDER THE LAWS
OF ANY JURISDICTION), OR INFRINGEMENT OF ANY PATENT, COPYRIGHT OR OTHER INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHT.
UNLESS EXPRESSLY APPROVED IN WRITING BY TWO AUTHORIZED ST REPRESENTATIVES, ST PRODUCTS ARE NOT
RECOMMENDED, AUTHORIZED OR WARRANTED FOR USE IN MILITARY, AIR CRAFT, SPACE, LIFE SAVING, OR LIFE SUSTAINING
APPLICATIONS, NOR IN PRODUCTS OR SYSTEMS WHERE FAILURE OR MALFUNCTION MAY RESULT IN PERSONAL INJURY,
DEATH, OR SEVERE PROPERTY OR ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE. ST PRODUCTS WHICH ARE NOT SPECIFIED AS "AUTOMOTIVE
GRADE" MAY ONLY BE USED IN AUTOMOTIVE APPLICATIONS AT USER’S OWN RISK.
Resale of ST products with provisions different from the statements and/or technical features set forth in this document shall immediately void
any warranty granted by ST for the ST product or service described herein and shall not create or extend in any manner whatsoever, any
liability of ST.
ST and the ST logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of ST in various countries.
Information in this document supersedes and replaces all information previously supplied.
The ST logo is a registered trademark of STMicroelectronics. All other names are the property of their respective owners.
© 2012 STMicroelectronics - All rights reserved
STMicroelectronics group of companies
Australia - Belgium - Brazil - Canada - China - Czech Republic - Finland - France - Germany - Hong Kong - India - Israel - Italy - Japan Malaysia - Malta - Morocco - Philippines - Singapore - Spain - Sweden - Switzerland - United Kingdom - United States of America
www.st.com
Doc ID 022733 Rev 1
25/25