FM18W08 256-Kbit (32 K × 8) Wide Voltage Bytewide F-RAM Memory 256-Kbit (32 K × 8) Wide Voltage Bytewide F-RAM Memory Features ■ 256-Kbit ferroelectric random access memory (F-RAM) logically organized as 32 K × 8 14 ❐ High-endurance 100 trillion (10 ) read/writes ❐ 151-year data retention (see the Data Retention and Endurance table) ❐ NoDelay™ writes ❐ Advanced high-reliability ferroelectric process ■ SRAM and EEPROM compatible ❐ Industry-standard 32 K × 8 SRAM and EEPROM pinout ❐ 70-ns access time, 130-ns cycle time ■ Superior to battery-backed SRAM modules ❐ No battery concerns ❐ Monolithic reliability ❐ True surface mount solution, no rework steps ❐ Superior for moisture, shock, and vibration ❐ Resistant to negative voltage undershoots ■ ■ Low power consumption ❐ Active current 12 mA (max) ❐ Standby current 20 A (typ) ■ Industrial temperature: –40 C to +85 C ■ 28-pin small outline integrated circuit (SOIC) package ■ Restriction of hazardous substances (RoHS) compliant Functional Description The FM18W08 is a 32 K × 8 nonvolatile memory that reads and writes similar to a standard SRAM. A ferroelectric random access memory or F-RAM is nonvolatile, which means that data is retained after power is removed. It provides data retention for over 151 years while eliminating the reliability concerns, functional disadvantages, and system design complexities of battery-backed SRAM (BBSRAM). Fast write timing and high write endurance make the F-RAM superior to other types of memory. The FM18W08 operation is similar to that of other RAM devices and therefore, it can be used as a drop-in replacement for a standard SRAM in a system. Minimum read and write cycle times are equal. The F-RAM memory is nonvolatile due to its unique ferroelectric memory process. These features make the FM18W08 ideal for nonvolatile memory applications requiring frequent or rapid writes. The device is available in a 28-pin SOIC surface mount package. Device specifications are guaranteed over the industrial temperature range –40 °C to +85 °C. Wide voltage operation: VDD = 2.7 V to 5.5 V For a complete list of related documentation, click here. A14-0 Address Latch and Decoder Logic Block Diagram A 14-0 32 K x 8 F-RAM Array CE WE Control Logic I/O Latch & Bus Driver DQ 7-0 OE Cypress Semiconductor Corporation Document Number: 001-86207 Rev. *E • 198 Champion Court • San Jose, CA 95134-1709 • 408-943-2600 Revised September 4, 2015 FM18W08 Contents Pinout ................................................................................ 3 Pin Definitions .................................................................. 3 Device Operation .............................................................. 4 Memory Architecture ................................................... 4 Memory Operation ....................................................... 4 Read Operation ........................................................... 4 Write Operation ........................................................... 4 Pre-charge Operation .................................................. 4 Endurance ......................................................................... 4 F-RAM Design Considerations ........................................ 5 Maximum Ratings ............................................................. 7 Operating Range ............................................................... 7 DC Electrical Characteristics .......................................... 7 Data Retention and Endurance ....................................... 7 Capacitance ...................................................................... 8 Thermal Resistance .......................................................... 8 AC Test Conditions .......................................................... 8 Document Number: 001-86207 Rev. *E AC Switching Characteristics ......................................... 9 SRAM Read Cycle ...................................................... 9 SRAM Write Cycle ..................................................... 10 Power Cycle Timing ....................................................... 12 Functional Truth Table ................................................... 13 Ordering Information ...................................................... 14 Ordering Code Definitions ......................................... 14 Package Diagram ............................................................ 15 Acronyms ........................................................................ 16 Document Conventions ................................................. 16 Units of Measure ....................................................... 16 Document History Page ................................................. 17 Sales, Solutions, and Legal Information ...................... 18 Worldwide Sales and Design Support ....................... 18 Products .................................................................... 18 PSoC® Solutions ...................................................... 18 Cypress Developer Community ................................. 18 Technical Support ..................................................... 18 Page 2 of 18 FM18W08 Pinout Figure 1. 28-pin SOIC pinout A14 1 28 VDD A12 A7 2 3 27 26 WE A13 A6 4 5 25 24 23 A8 22 21 OE A10 20 CE DQ7 A5 A4 A3 6 7 28-pin SOIC (x 8) A2 A1 8 9 Top view (not to scale) A0 10 11 19 18 12 13 17 16 14 15 DQ0 DQ1 DQ2 VSS A9 A11 DQ6 DQ5 DQ4 DQ3 Pin Definitions Pin Name I/O Type A14–A0 Input DQ7–DQ0 Description Address inputs: The 15 address lines select one of 32,768 bytes in the F-RAM array. Input/Output Data I/O Lines: 8-bit bidirectional data bus for accessing the F-RAM array. WE Input Write Enable: A write cycle begins when WE is asserted. Asserting WE LOW causes the FM18W08 to write the contents of the data bus to the address location latched by the falling edge of CE. CE Input Chip Enable: The device is selected when CE is LOW. Asserting CE LOW causes the address to be latched internally. Address changes that occur after CE goes LOW will be ignored until the next falling edge occurs. OE Input Output Enable: When OE is LOW, the FM18W08 drives the data bus when the valid read data is available. Deasserting OE HIGH tristates the DQ pins. VSS Ground VDD NC Ground for the device. Must be connected to the ground of the system. Power supply Power supply input to the device. No connect No connect. This pin is not connected to the die. Document Number: 001-86207 Rev. *E Page 3 of 18 FM18W08 Device Operation The FM18W08 is a bytewide F-RAM memory logically organized as 32,768 × 8 and accessed using an industry-standard parallel interface. All data written to the part is immediately nonvolatile with no delay. Functional operation of the F-RAM memory is the same as SRAM type devices, except the FM18W08 requires a falling edge of CE to start each memory cycle. See the Functional Truth Table on page 13 for a complete description of read and write modes. Memory Architecture Users access 32,768 memory locations, each with 8 data bits through a parallel interface. The complete 15-bit address specifies each of the 8,192 bytes uniquely. The F-RAM array is organized as 4092 rows of 8-bytes each. This row segmentation has no effect on operation, however the user can group data into blocks by its endurance characteristics as explained in the Endurance section. The cycle time is the same for read and write memory operations. This simplifies memory controller logic and timing circuits. Likewise the access time is the same for read and write memory operations. When CE is deasserted HIGH, a pre-charge operation begins, and is required of every memory cycle. Thus unlike SRAM, the access and cycle times are not equal. Writes occur immediately at the end of the access with no delay. Unlike an EEPROM, it is not necessary to poll the device for a ready condition since writes occur at bus speed. It is the user’s responsibility to ensure that VDD remains within datasheet tolerances to prevent incorrect operation. Also proper voltage level and timing relationships between VDD and CE must be maintained during power-up and power-down events. See “Power Cycle Timing” on page 12. Memory Operation The FM18W08 is designed to operate in a manner similar to other bytewide memory products. For users familiar with BBSRAM, the performance is comparable but the bytewide interface operates in a slightly different manner as described below. For users familiar with EEPROM, the differences result from the higher write performance of F-RAM technology including NoDelay writes and much higher write endurance. Read Operation A read operation begins on the falling edge of CE. At this time, the address bits are latched and a memory cycle is initiated. Once started, a full memory cycle must be completed internally even if CE goes inactive. Data becomes available on the bus after the access time is met. After the address has been latched, the address value may be changed upon satisfying the hold time parameter. Unlike an SRAM, changing address values will have no effect on the memory operation after the address is latched. The FM18W08 will drive the data bus when OE is asserted LOW and the memory access time is met. If OE is asserted after the memory access time is met, the data bus will be driven with valid Document Number: 001-86207 Rev. *E data. If OE is asserted before completing the memory access, the data bus will not be driven until valid data is available. This feature minimizes supply current in the system by eliminating transients caused by invalid data being driven to the bus. When OE is deasserted HIGH, the data bus will remain in a HI-Z state. Write Operation In the FM18W08, writes occur in the same interval as reads. The FM18W08 supports both CE and WE controlled write cycles. In both cases, the address is latched on the falling edge of CE. In a CE-controlled write, the WE signal is asserted before beginning the memory cycle. That is, WE is LOW when the device is activated with the chip enable. In this case, the device begins the memory cycle as a write. The FM18W08 will not drive the data bus regardless of the state of OE. In a WE-controlled write, the memory cycle begins on the falling edge of CE. The WE signal falls after the falling edge of CE. Therefore, the memory cycle begins as a read. The data bus will be driven according to the state of OE until WE falls. The CE and WE controlled write timing cases are shown in the page 12. Write access to the array begins asynchronously after the memory cycle is initiated. The write access terminates on the rising edge of WE or CE, whichever comes first. A valid write operation requires the user to meet the access time specification before deasserting WE or CE. The data setup time indicates the interval during which data cannot change before the end of the write access. Unlike other nonvolatile memory technologies, there is no write delay with F-RAM. Because the read and write access times of the underlying memory are the same, the user experiences no delay through the bus. The entire memory operation occurs in a single bus cycle. Therefore, any operation including read or write can occur immediately following a write. Data polling, a technique used with EEPROMs to determine if a write is complete, is unnecessary. Pre-charge Operation The pre-charge operation is an internal condition in which the memory state is prepared for a new access. All memory cycles consist of a memory access and a pre-charge. Pre-charge is user-initiated by driving the CE signal HIGH. It must remain HIGH for at least the minimum pre-charge time, tPC. The user determines the beginning of this operation since a pre-charge will not begin until CE rises. However, the device has a maximum CE LOW time specification that must be satisfied. Endurance Internally, a F-RAM operates with a read and restore mechanism. Therefore, each read and write cycle involves a change of state. The memory architecture is based on an array of rows and columns. Each read or write access causes an endurance cycle for an entire row. In the FM18W08, a row is 64 bits wide. Every 8-byte boundary marks the beginning of a new row. Endurance can be optimized by ensuring frequently accessed data is located in different rows. Regardless, F-RAM Page 4 of 18 FM18W08 Users who are modifying existing designs to use F-RAM should examine the memory controller for timing compatibility of address and control pins. Each memory access must be qualified with a LOW transition of CE. In many cases, this is the only change required. An example of the signal relationships is shown in Figure 2 below. Also shown is a common SRAM signal relationship that will not work for the FM18W08. offers substantially higher write endurance than other nonvolatile memories. The rated endurance limit of 1014 cycles will allow 150,000 accesses per second to the same row for over 20 years. F-RAM Design Considerations When designing with F-RAM for the first time, users of SRAM will recognize a few minor differences. First, bytewide F-RAM memories latch each address on the falling edge of chip enable. This allows the address bus to change after starting the memory access. Since every access latches the memory address on the falling edge of CE, users cannot ground it as they might with SRAM. The reason for CE to strobe for each address is twofold: it latches the new address and creates the necessary pre-charge period while CE is HIGH. Figure 2. Chip Enable and Memory Address Relationships Valid Strobing of CE CE F-RAM Signaling Address A1 A2 Data D1 D2 Invalid Strobing of CE CE SRAM Signaling Address A1 Data A second design consideration relates to the level of VDD during operation. Battery-backed SRAMs are forced to monitor VDD in order to switch to battery backup. They typically block user access below a certain VDD level in order to prevent loading the battery with current demand from an active SRAM. The user can be abruptly cut off from access to the nonvolatile memory in a power down situation with no warning or indication. F-RAM memories do not need this system overhead. The memory will not block access at any VDD level that complies with the specified operating range. The user should take measures to prevent the processor from accessing memory when VDD is out-of-tolerance. The common design practice of holding a processor in reset during power-down may be sufficient. It is recommended that chip enable is pulled HIGH and allowed to track VDD during power-up and power-down cycles. It is the user’s responsibility to ensure that chip enable is HIGH to prevent accesses below VDD min. (2.7 V). A2 D1 D2 tristates during the reset condition. The pull-up resistor value should be chosen to ensure the CE pin tracks VDD to a high enough value, so that the current drawn when CE is LOW is not an issue. Figure 3. Use of Pull-up Resistor on CE VDD FM18W08 CE WE MCU / MPU OE A 14-0 DQ 7-0 Figure 3 shows a pull-up resistor on CE, which will keep the pin HIGH during power cycles, assuming the MCU / MPU pin Document Number: 001-86207 Rev. *E Page 5 of 18 FM18W08 Note that if CE is tied to ground, the user must be sure WE is not LOW at power-up or power-down events. If the chip is enabled and WE is LOW during power cycles, data will be corrupted. Figure 4 shows a pull-up resistor on WE, which will keep the pin HIGH during power cycles, assuming the MCU / MPU pin tristates during the reset condition. The pull-up resistor value should be chosen to ensure the WE pin tracks VDD to a high enough value, so that the current drawn when WE is LOW is not an issue. Figure 4. Use of Pull-up Resistor on WE VDD FM18W08 CE WE MCU / MPU OE A 14-0 DQ 7-0 Document Number: 001-86207 Rev. *E Page 6 of 18 FM18W08 Maximum Ratings Exceeding maximum ratings may shorten the useful life of the device. These user guidelines are not tested. Storage temperature ................................ –55 C to +125 C Maximum accumulated storage time At 125 °C ambient temperature ................................. 1000 h At 85 °C ambient temperature ................................ 10 Years Package power dissipation capability (TA = 25 °C) ................................................. 1.0 W Surface mount Pb soldering temperature (3 seconds) ......................................... +260 C DC output current (1 output at a time, 1s duration) .... 15 mA Static discharge voltage Human Body Model (AEC-Q100-002 Rev. E) ............ 4 kV Charged Device Model (AEC-Q100-011 Rev. B) .. 1.25 kV Ambient temperature with power applied ................................... –55 °C to +125 °C Machine Model (AEC-Q100-003 Rev. E) ................. 300 V Supply voltage on VDD relative to VSS ........–1.0 V to + 7.0 V Latch-up current ................................................... > 140 mA Voltage applied to outputs in High Z state .................................... –0.5 V to VDD + 0.5 V Operating Range Range Input voltage .......... –1.0 V to + 7.0 V and VIN < VDD + 1.0 V Industrial Transient voltage (< 20 ns) on any pin to ground potential ................. –2.0 V to VCC + 2.0 V Ambient Temperature (TA) VDD –40 C to +85 C 2.7 V to 5.5 V DC Electrical Characteristics Over the Operating Range Parameter Description Test Conditions Min Typ [1] Max Unit 2.7 3.3 5.5 V VDD Power supply voltage IDD VDD supply current VDD = 5.5 V, CE cycling at min. cycle time. All inputs toggling at CMOS levels (0.2 V or VDD – 0.2 V), all DQ pins unloaded. – – 12 mA ISB Standby current VDD = 5.5 V, CE at VIH, All other pins are static and at CMOS levels (0.2 V or VDD – 0.2 V) – 20 50 µA ILI Input leakage current VIN between VDD and VSS – – +1 µA ILO Output leakage current VOUT between VDD and VSS – – +1 µA VIH Input HIGH voltage 0.7 × VDD – VDD + 0.3 V VIL Input LOW voltage – 0.3 – 0.3 × VDD V VOH1 Output HIGH voltage IOH = –1.0 mA, VDD > 2.7 V 2.4 – – V VOH2 Output HIGH voltage IOH = –100 µA VDD – 0.2 – – V VOL1 Output LOW voltage IOL = 2 mA, VDD > 2.7 V – – 0.4 V VOL2 Output LOW voltage IOL = 150 µA – – 0.2 V Data Retention and Endurance Parameter TDR NVC Description Data retention Endurance Test condition At +85 C Min Max Unit 10 – Years At +75 C 38 – At +65 C 151 – Over operating temperature 1014 – Cycles Note 1. Typical values are at 25 °C, VDD = VDD (typ). Not 100% tested. Document Number: 001-86207 Rev. *E Page 7 of 18 FM18W08 Capacitance Parameter Description Test Conditions CI/O Input/Output capacitance (DQ) CIN Input capacitance TA = 25 C, f = 1 MHz, VDD = VDD(Typ) Max Unit 8 pF 6 pF Thermal Resistance Description Parameter JA Thermal resistance (junction to ambient) JC Thermal resistance (junction to case) Test Conditions 28-pin SOIC Unit Test conditions follow standard test methods and procedures for measuring thermal impedance, in accordance with EIA/JESD51. 58 C/W 26 C/W AC Test Conditions Input pulse levels .................................10% and 90% of VDD Input rise and fall times (10%–90%) ........................... < 5 ns Input and output timing reference levels ................... 0.5 VDD Output load capacitance ............................................. 100 pF Figure 5. AC Test Loads 919 5.5 V R1 OUTPUT CL 100 pF Document Number: 001-86207 Rev. *E R2 497 Page 8 of 18 FM18W08 AC Switching Characteristics Over the Operating Range Parameters [2] Cypress Parameter VDD = 2.7 V to 3.0 V Description Alt Parameter VDD = 3.0 V to 5.5 V Min Max Min Max Unit SRAM Read Cycle tCE tACE Chip enable access time – 80 – 70 ns tCA – Chip enable active time 80 – 70 – ns tRC – Read cycle time 145 – 130 – ns tPC – Pre-charge time 65 – 60 – ns tAS tSA Address setup time 0 – 0 – ns tAH tHA Address hold time 15 – 15 – ns tOE tDOE Output enable access time – 15 – 12 ns tHZ[3, 4] tHZCE Chip Enable to output HI-Z – 15 – 15 ns tOHZ[3, 4] tHZOE Output enable HIGH to output HI-Z – 15 – 15 ns Notes 2. Test conditions assume a signal transition time of 5 ns or less, timing reference levels of 0.5 × VDD, input pulse levels of 10% and 90% of VDD, output loading of the specified IOL/IOH and load capacitance shown in AC Test Conditions on page 8. 3. tHZ and tOHZ are specified with a load capacitance of 5 pF. Transition is measured when the outputs enter a high impedance state. 4. This parameter is characterized but not 100% tested. Document Number: 001-86207 Rev. *E Page 9 of 18 FM18W08 AC Switching Characteristics (continued) Over the Operating Range Parameters [2] Cypress Parameter VDD = 2.7 V to 3.0 V Description Alt Parameter VDD = 3.0 V to 5.5 V Min Max Min Max Unit SRAM Write Cycle tWC tWC Write cycle time 145 – 130 – ns tCA – Chip enable active time 80 – 70 – ns tCW tSCE Chip enable to write enable HIGH 80 – 70 – ns tPC – Pre-charge time 65 – 60 – ns tWP tPWE Write enable pulse width 50 – 40 – ns tAS tSA Address setup time 0 – 0 – ns tAH tHA Address hold time 15 – 15 – ns tDS tSD Data input setup time 40 – 30 – ns tHD Data input hold time 0 – 0 – ns tHZWE Write enable LOW to output HI-Z – 15 – 15 ns tWX[6] – Write enable HIGH to output driven 10 – 10 – ns tHZ[5] – Chip enable to output HI-Z – 15 – 15 ns tWS[7] tWH[7] – Write enable to CE LOW setup time 0 – 0 – ns – Write enable to CE HIGH hold time 0 – 0 – ns tDH tWZ [5, 6] Notes 5. tWZ and tHZ is specified with a load capacitance of 5 pF. Transition is measured when the outputs enter a high impedance state. 6. This parameter is characterized but not 100% tested. 7. The relationship between CE and WE determines if a CE or WE controlled write occurs. Document Number: 001-86207 Rev. *E Page 10 of 18 FM18W08 Figure 6. Read Cycle Timing tRC tCA tPC CE tAH tAS A14-0 tOE OE tOHZ DQ7-0 tCE tHZ Figure 7. Write Cycle Timing 1 (CE Controlled) tWC tCA tPC CE tAS tAH A14-0 tWS tWH WE OE tDS tDH DQ 7-0 Document Number: 001-86207 Rev. *E Page 11 of 18 FM18W08 Figure 8. Write Cycle Timing 2 (WE Controlled) tWC tCA tPC tC W CE tAH tAS A14-0 tWS tWH tWP WE OE tWZ tWX DQ7-0 (out) tDH tDS DQ7-0 (in) Power Cycle Timing Over the Operating Range Parameter tPU tPD tVR [8] tVF[8] Description Min Max Unit Power-up (after VDD min. is reached) to first access time 10 – ms Last write (WE HIGH) to power down time 0 – µs VDD power-up ramp rate 30 – µs/V VDD power-down ramp rate 30 – µs/V Figure 9. Power Cycle Timing VDD VDD min VDD min t VR t VF t PU t PD Access Allowed VIH (min) VIL (max) Note 8. Slope measured at any point on the VDD waveform. Document Number: 001-86207 Rev. *E Page 12 of 18 FM18W08 Functional Truth Table Operation [9, 10] CE WE H X Standby/Pre-charge ↓ X Latch Address (and begin write if WE = LOW) L H Read L ↓ Write Notes 9. H = Logic HIGH, L = Logic LOW, V = Valid Data, X = Don't Care, ↓ = toggle LOW, ↑ = toggle HIGH. 10. The OE pin controls only the DQ output buffers. Document Number: 001-86207 Rev. *E Page 13 of 18 FM18W08 Ordering Information Package Diagram Ordering Code Package Type FM18W08-SG 51-85026 28-pin SOIC FM18W08-SGTR 51-85026 28-pin SOIC Operating Range Industrial All the above parts are Pb-free. Ordering Code Definitions FM 18 W 08 - SG TR Option: blank = Standard; TR = Tape and Reel Package Type: SG = 28-pin SOIC I/O Width: × 8 Voltage: 2.7 V to 5.5 V 256-kbit Parallel F-RAM Cypress Document Number: 001-86207 Rev. *E Page 14 of 18 FM18W08 Package Diagram Figure 10. 28-pin SOIC Package Outline, 51-85026 51-85026 *H Document Number: 001-86207 Rev. *E Page 15 of 18 FM18W08 Acronyms Acronym Document Conventions Description Units of Measure CPU Central Processing Unit CMOS Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor °C degree Celsius JEDEC Joint Electron Devices Engineering Council Hz hertz JESD JEDEC Standards kHz kilohertz EIA Electronic Industries Alliance k kilohm F-RAM Ferroelectric Random Access Memory MHz megahertz I/O Input/Output A microampere MCU Microcontroller Unit F microfarad MPU Microprocessor Unit s microsecond RoHS Restriction of Hazardous Substances mA milliampere R/W Read and Write ms millisecond SOIC Small Outline Integrated Circuit M megaohm ns nanosecond SRAM Static Random Access Memory ohm % percent pF picofarad V volt W watt Document Number: 001-86207 Rev. *E Symbol Unit of Measure Page 16 of 18 FM18W08 Document History Page Document Title: FM18W08, 256-Kbit (32 K × 8) Wide Voltage Bytewide F-RAM Memory Document Number: 001-86207 Rev. ECN No. Orig. of Change Submission Date ** 3912933 GVCH 02/25/2013 New spec *A 4000965 GVCH 05/15/2013 Added Appendix A - Errata for FM18W08 *B 4045491 GVCH 06/30/2013 All errata items are fixed and the errata is removed. *C 4274813 GVCH 03/10/2014 Converted to Cypress standard format Changed datasheet status from “Preliminary to Final” Updated Maximum Ratings table - Removed Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL) - Added junction temperature and latch up current Updated Data Retention and Endurance table Added Thermal Resistance table Removed Package Marking Scheme (top mark) *D 4569028 GVCH 11/13/2014 Added related documentation hyperlink in page 1. Updated package diagram to most current revision. *E 4881950 ZSK / PSR 09/04/2015 Updated Maximum Ratings: Removed “Maximum junction temperature”. Added “Maximum accumulated storage time”. Added “Ambient temperature with power applied”. Updated to new template. Document Number: 001-86207 Rev. *E Description of Change Page 17 of 18 FM18W08 Sales, Solutions, and Legal Information Worldwide Sales and Design Support Cypress maintains a worldwide network of offices, solution centers, manufacturer’s representatives, and distributors. To find the office closest to you, visit us at Cypress Locations. PSoC® Solutions Products Automotive Clocks & Buffers Interface Lighting & Power Control Memory PSoC Touch Sensing cypress.com/go/automotive cypress.com/go/clocks cypress.com/go/interface cypress.com/go/powerpsoc cypress.com/go/memory cypress.com/go/psoc cypress.com/go/touch USB Controllers Wireless/RF psoc.cypress.com/solutions PSoC 1 | PSoC 3 | PSoC 4 | PSoC 5LP Cypress Developer Community Community | Forums | Blogs | Video | Training Technical Support cypress.com/go/support cypress.com/go/USB cypress.com/go/wireless © Cypress Semiconductor Corporation, 2013-2015. The information contained herein is subject to change without notice. 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Document Number: 001-86207 Rev. *E Revised September 4, 2015 All products and company names mentioned in this document may be the trademarks of their respective holders. Page 18 of 18