PCF85132 LCD driver for low multiplex rates Rev. 1 — 23 November 2010 Product data sheet 1. General description The PCF85132 is a peripheral device which interfaces to almost any Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)1 with low multiplex rates. It generates the drive signals for any static or multiplexed LCD containing up to four backplanes and up to 160 segments. It can be easily cascaded for larger LCD applications. The PCF85132 is compatible with most microprocessors or microcontrollers and communicates via a two-line bidirectional I2C-bus. Communication overheads are minimized by a display RAM with auto-incremented addressing, by hardware subaddressing, and by display memory switching (static and duplex drive modes). 2. Features and benefits Single-chip LCD controller and driver for up to 640 elements Selectable backplane drive configuration: static, 2, 3, or 4 backplane multiplexing 160 segment drives: Up to eighty 7-segment numeric characters Up to forty 14-segment alphanumeric characters Any graphics of up to 640 elements May be cascaded for large LCD applications (up to 5120 elements possible) 160 × 4-bit RAM for display data storage Software programmable frame frequency in steps of 5 Hz in the range of 60 Hz to 90 Hz; factory calibrated Wide LCD supply range: from 1.8 V for low threshold LCDs and up to 8.0 V for guest-host LCDs and high threshold (automobile) twisted nematic LCDs Internal LCD bias generation with voltage-follower buffers Selectable display bias configuration: static, 1⁄2, or 1⁄3 Wide power supply range: from 1.8 V to 5.5 V LCD and logic supplies may be separated Low power consumption, typical: IDD = 4 μA, IDD(LCD) = 30 μA 400 kHz I2C-bus interface Auto-incremental display data loading across device subaddress boundaries Versatile blinking modes Compatible with Chip-On-Glass (COG) technology No external components Two sets of backplane outputs for optimal COG configurations of the application 1. The definition of the abbreviations and acronyms used in this data sheet can be found in Section 15 on page 50. PCF85132 NXP Semiconductors LCD driver for low multiplex rates 3. Ordering information Table 1. Ordering information Type number PCF85132U Package Name Description Delivery form Version PCF85132U bare die; 197 bumps; chips with bumps in tray PCF85132U 6.5 × 1.16 × 0.40 mm 4. Marking Table 2. PCF85132 Product data sheet Marking codes Type number Marking code PCF85132U PC85132/232-1 All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. Rev. 1 — 23 November 2010 © NXP B.V. 2010. All rights reserved. 2 of 54 PCF85132 NXP Semiconductors LCD driver for low multiplex rates 5. Block diagram S0 to S159 BP0 BP1 BP2 BP3 160 VLCD BACKPLANE OUTPUTS LCD VOLTAGE SELECTOR DISPLAY SEGMENT OUTPUTS DISPLAY REGISTER OUTPUT BANK SELECT AND BLINK CONTROL DISPLAY CONTROL LCD BIAS GENERATOR VSS PCF85132 CLK SYNC CLOCK SELECT AND TIMING BLINKER TIMEBASE OSC OSCILLATOR POWER-ON RESET SCL INPUT FILTERS SDA COMMAND DECODE WRITE DATA CONTROL I2C-BUS CONTROLLER SA0 Fig 1. DISPLAY RAM DATA POINTER AND AUTO INCREMENT SUBADDRESS COUNTER SDAACK T1 T2 T3 VDD A0 A1 013aaa360 Block diagram of PCF85132 PCF85132 Product data sheet All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. Rev. 1 — 23 November 2010 © NXP B.V. 2010. All rights reserved. 3 of 54 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x x x xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xx xx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx x x xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxx NXP Semiconductors PCF85132 6.1 Pinning 112 61 S29 D3 S80 BP3 BP1 BP2 BP0 S79 D4 S130 166 30 BP2 BP0 S0 VLCD VSS A0 A1 SA0 T3 T2 OSC T1 SYNC VDD CLK SCL SDA 60 PCF85132 Pinning diagram of PCF85132 013aaa361 LCD driver for low multiplex rates 4 of 54 © NXP B.V. 2010. All rights reserved. Viewed from active side. For mechanical details, see Figure 32 on page 44. Fig 2. +x 0 1 SDAACK 197 S159 BP3 BP1 0 S28 D2 PCF85132 167 Rev. 1 — 23 November 2010 All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. +y D1 S131 Product data sheet 6. Pinning information PCF85132 NXP Semiconductors LCD driver for low multiplex rates 6.2 Pin description Table 3. PCF85132 Product data sheet Pin description Symbol Pin Description SDAACK[1] 1 to 3 I2C-bus acknowledge output SDA[1] 4 to 6 I2C-bus serial data input SCL 7 to 9 I2C-bus serial clock input CLK 10 clock input and output VDD 11 to 13 supply voltage SYNC 14 cascade synchronization input and output OSC 15 selection of internal or external clock T1, T2, and T3 16, 17, and 18 to 20 dedicated testing pins; to be tied to VSS in application mode A0 and A1 21, 22 subaddress inputs SA0 23 I2C-bus slave address input VSS[2] 24 to 26 ground supply voltage VLCD 27 to 29 LCD supply voltage BP2 and BP0 30, 31 LCD backplane outputs S0 to S79 32 to 111 LCD segment outputs BP0, BP2, BP1, and BP3 112 to 115 LCD backplane outputs S80 to S159 116 to 195 LCD segment outputs BP3 and BP1 196, 197 LCD backplane outputs [1] For most applications SDA and SDAACK are shorted together (see Section 12.2 on page 38). [2] The substrate (rear side of the die) is wired to VSS and should be electrically isolated. All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. Rev. 1 — 23 November 2010 © NXP B.V. 2010. All rights reserved. 5 of 54 PCF85132 NXP Semiconductors LCD driver for low multiplex rates 7. Functional description The PCF85132 is a versatile peripheral device designed to interface between any microprocessor or microcontroller to a wide variety of LCD segment or dot matrix displays (see Figure 3). It can directly drive any static or multiplexed LCD containing up to four backplanes and up to 160 segments. The display configurations possible with the PCF85132 depend on the required number of active backplane outputs. A selection of display configurations is given in Table 4. All of the display configurations given in Table 4 can be implemented in a typical system as shown in Figure 4. dot matrix 7-segment with dot 14-segment with dot and accent 013aaa312 Fig 3. Example of displays suitable for PCF85132 Table 4. Selection of possible display configurations Number of Backplanes PCF85132 Product data sheet Icons Digits/Characters 7-segment 14-segment Dot matrix/ Elements 4 640 80 40 640 dots (4 × 160) 3 480 60 30 480 dots (3 × 160) 2 320 40 20 320 dots (2 × 160) 1 160 20 10 160 dots (1 × 160) All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. Rev. 1 — 23 November 2010 © NXP B.V. 2010. All rights reserved. 6 of 54 PCF85132 NXP Semiconductors LCD driver for low multiplex rates VDD R≤ tr 2CB SDAACK VDD VLCD 160 segment drives SDA HOST MICROPROCESSOR/ MICROCONTROLLER SCL LCD PANEL PCF85132 4 backplanes OSC A0 A1 (up to 640 elements) SA0 VSS 013aaa362 VSS Fig 4. Typical system configuration The host microprocessor or microcontroller maintains the 2-line I2C-bus communication channel with the PCF85132. Biasing voltages for the multiplexed LCD waveforms are generated internally, removing the need for an external bias generator. The internal oscillator is selected by connecting pin OSC to VSS. The only other connections required to complete the system are the power supplies (VDD, VSS, and VLCD) and the LCD panel selected for the application. 7.1 Power-On Reset (POR) At power-on the PCF85132 resets to the following starting conditions: • • • • • • • • All backplane and segment outputs are set to VLCD The selected drive mode is 1:4 multiplex with 1⁄3 bias Blinking is switched off Input and output bank selectors are reset The I2C-bus interface is initialized The data pointer and the subaddress counter are cleared (set to logic 0) The display is disabled If internal oscillator is selected (pin OSC connected to VSS), then there is no clock signal on pin CLK Remark: Do not transfer data on the I2C-bus for at least 1 ms after a power-on to allow the reset action to complete. 7.2 LCD bias generator Fractional LCD biasing voltages are obtained from an internal voltage divider of the three series resistors connected between VLCD and VSS. The center resistor is bypassed by switch if the 1⁄2 bias voltage level for the 1:2 multiplex configuration is selected. PCF85132 Product data sheet All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. Rev. 1 — 23 November 2010 © NXP B.V. 2010. All rights reserved. 7 of 54 PCF85132 NXP Semiconductors LCD driver for low multiplex rates 7.3 LCD voltage selector The LCD voltage selector coordinates the multiplexing of the LCD in accordance with the selected LCD drive configuration. The operation of the voltage selector is controlled by the mode-set command from the command decoder. The biasing configurations that apply to the preferred modes of operation, together with the biasing characteristics as functions of VLCD and the resulting discrimination ratios (D) are given in Table 5. Table 5. Biasing characteristics LCD drive mode Number of: LCD bias Backplanes Levels configuration V off ( RMS ) ------------------------V LCD V on ( RMS ) ----------------------V LCD static V on ( RMS ) D = -----------------------V off ( RMS ) 1 2 static 0 1 ∞ 1:2 multiplex 2 3 1⁄ 2 0.354 0.791 2.236 1:2 multiplex 2 4 1⁄ 3 0.333 0.745 2.236 4 1⁄ 3 0.333 0.638 1.915 4 1⁄ 3 0.333 0.577 1.732 1:3 multiplex 3 1:4 multiplex 4 A practical value for VLCD is determined by equating Voff(RMS) with a defined LCD threshold voltage (Vth), typically when the LCD exhibits approximately 10 % contrast. In the static drive mode a suitable choice is VLCD > 3Vth. Multiplex drive modes of 1:3 and 1:4 with 1⁄2 bias are possible but the discrimination and hence the contrast ratios are smaller. 1 Bias is calculated by ------------- , where the values for a are 1+a a = 1 for 1⁄2 bias a = 2 for 1⁄3 bias The RMS on-state voltage (Von(RMS)) for the LCD is calculated with Equation 1: V on ( RMS ) = V LCD a 2 + 2a + n -----------------------------2 n × (1 + a) (1) where the values for n are n = 1 for static drive mode n = 2 for 1:2 multiplex drive mode n = 3 for 1:3 multiplex drive mode n = 4 for 1:4 multiplex drive mode The RMS off-state voltage (Voff(RMS)) for the LCD is calculated with Equation 2: V off ( RMS ) = V LCD a 2 – 2a + n -----------------------------2 n × (1 + a) (2) Discrimination is the ratio of Von(RMS) to Voff(RMS) and is determined from Equation 3: V on ( RMS ) D = ---------------------- = V off ( RMS ) PCF85132 Product data sheet 2 (a + 1) + (n – 1) -------------------------------------------2 (a – 1) + (n – 1) All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. Rev. 1 — 23 November 2010 (3) © NXP B.V. 2010. All rights reserved. 8 of 54 PCF85132 NXP Semiconductors LCD driver for low multiplex rates Using Equation 3, the discrimination for an LCD drive mode of 1:3 multiplex with 1⁄ 2 bias is 1⁄ 2 21 bias is ---------- = 1.528 . 3 3 = 1.732 and the discrimination for an LCD drive mode of 1:4 multiplex with The advantage of these LCD drive modes is a reduction of the LCD full scale voltage VLCD as follows: • 1:3 multiplex (1⁄2 bias): V LCD = 6 × V off ( RMS ) = 2.449V off ( RMS ) 4 × 3) - = 2.309V off ( RMS ) • 1:4 multiplex (1⁄2 bias): V LCD = (--------------------3 These compare with V LCD = 3V off ( RMS ) when 1⁄3 bias is used. It should be noted that VLCD is sometimes referred as the LCD operating voltage. 7.3.1 Electro-optical performance Suitable values for Von(RMS) and Voff(RMS) are dependant on the LCD liquid used. The RMS voltage, at which a pixel will be switched on or off, determine the transmissibility of the pixel. For any given liquid, there are two threshold values defined. One point is at 10 % relative transmission (at Vlow) and the other at 90% relative transmission (at Vhigh), see Figure 5. For a good contrast performance, the following rules should be followed: V on ( RMS ) ≥ V high (4) V off ( RMS ) ≤ V low (5) Von(RMS) and Voff(RMS) are properties of the display driver and are affected by the selection of a, n (see Equation 1 to Equation 3), and the VLCD voltage. Vlow and Vhigh are properties of the LCD liquid and can be provided by the module manufacturer. It is important to match the module properties to those of the driver in order to achieve optimum performance. PCF85132 Product data sheet All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. Rev. 1 — 23 November 2010 © NXP B.V. 2010. All rights reserved. 9 of 54 PCF85132 NXP Semiconductors LCD driver for low multiplex rates 100 % Relative Transmission 90 % 10 % Vlow OFF SEGMENT Vhigh GREY SEGMENT VRMS [V] ON SEGMENT 001aam358 Fig 5. PCF85132 Product data sheet Electro-optical characteristic: relative transmission curve of the liquid All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. Rev. 1 — 23 November 2010 © NXP B.V. 2010. All rights reserved. 10 of 54 PCF85132 NXP Semiconductors LCD driver for low multiplex rates 7.4 LCD drive mode waveforms 7.4.1 Static drive mode The static LCD drive mode is used when a single backplane is provided in the LCD. Backplane and segment drive waveforms for this mode are shown in Figure 6. Tfr LCD segments VLCD BP0 VSS state 1 (on) VLCD state 2 (off) Sn VSS VLCD Sn+1 VSS (a) Waveforms at driver. VLCD state 1 0V −VLCD VLCD state 2 0V −VLCD (b) Resultant waveforms at LCD segment. 013aaa207 Vstate1(t) = VSn(t) − VBP0(t). Von(RMS) = VLCD. Vstate2(t) = V(Sn+1)(t) − VBP0(t). Voff(RMS) = 0 V. Fig 6. PCF85132 Product data sheet Static drive mode waveforms All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. Rev. 1 — 23 November 2010 © NXP B.V. 2010. All rights reserved. 11 of 54 PCF85132 NXP Semiconductors LCD driver for low multiplex rates 7.4.2 1:2 multiplex drive mode When two backplanes are provided in the LCD, the 1:2 multiplex mode applies. The PCF85132 allows the use of 1⁄2 bias or 1⁄3 bias in this mode as shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8. Tfr VLCD BP0 LCD segments VLCD/2 VSS state 1 VLCD BP1 state 2 VLCD/2 VSS VLCD Sn VSS VLCD Sn+1 VSS (a) Waveforms at driver. VLCD VLCD/2 state 1 0V −VLCD/2 −VLCD VLCD VLCD/2 state 2 0V −VLCD/2 −VLCD (b) Resultant waveforms at LCD segment. 013aaa208 Vstate1(t) = VSn(t) − VBP0(t). Von(RMS) = 0.791VLCD. Vstate2(t) = VSn(t) − VBP1(t). Voff(RMS) = 0.354VLCD. Fig 7. PCF85132 Product data sheet Waveforms for the 1:2 multiplex drive mode with 1⁄2 bias All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. Rev. 1 — 23 November 2010 © NXP B.V. 2010. All rights reserved. 12 of 54 PCF85132 NXP Semiconductors LCD driver for low multiplex rates Tfr BP0 BP1 Sn Sn+1 VLCD 2VLCD/3 LCD segments VLCD/3 VSS state 1 VLCD 2VLCD/3 state 2 VLCD/3 VSS VLCD 2VLCD/3 VLCD/3 VSS VLCD 2VLCD/3 VLCD/3 VSS (a) Waveforms at driver. VLCD 2VLCD/3 VLCD/3 state 1 0V −VLCD/3 −2VLCD/3 −VLCD VLCD 2VLCD/3 VLCD/3 state 2 0V −VLCD/3 −2VLCD/3 −VLCD (b) Resultant waveforms at LCD segment. 013aaa209 Vstate1(t) = VSn(t) − VBP0(t). Von(RMS) = 0.745VLCD. Vstate2(t) = VSn(t) − VBP1(t). Voff(RMS) = 0.333VLCD. Fig 8. PCF85132 Product data sheet Waveforms for the 1:2 multiplex drive mode with 1⁄3 bias All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. Rev. 1 — 23 November 2010 © NXP B.V. 2010. All rights reserved. 13 of 54 PCF85132 NXP Semiconductors LCD driver for low multiplex rates 7.4.3 1:3 multiplex drive mode When three backplanes are provided in the LCD, the 1:3 multiplex drive mode applies as shown in Figure 9. Tfr BP0 BP1 BP2 Sn Sn+1 Sn+2 VLCD 2VLCD/3 LCD segments VLCD/3 VSS state 1 VLCD 2VLCD/3 state 2 VLCD/3 VSS VLCD 2VLCD/3 VLCD/3 VSS VLCD 2VLCD/3 VLCD/3 VSS VLCD 2VLCD/3 VLCD/3 VSS VLCD 2VLCD/3 VLCD/3 VSS (a) Waveforms at driver. VLCD 2VLCD/3 VLCD/3 state 1 0V −VLCD/3 −2VLCD/3 −VLCD VLCD 2VLCD/3 VLCD/3 state 2 0V −VLCD/3 −2VLCD/3 −VLCD (b) Resultant waveforms at LCD segment. 013aaa210 Vstate1(t) = VSn(t) − VBP0(t). Von(RMS) = 0.638VLCD. Vstate2(t) = VSn(t) − VBP1(t). Voff(RMS) = 0.333VLCD. Fig 9. PCF85132 Product data sheet Waveforms for the 1:3 multiplex drive mode with 1⁄3 bias All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. Rev. 1 — 23 November 2010 © NXP B.V. 2010. All rights reserved. 14 of 54 PCF85132 NXP Semiconductors LCD driver for low multiplex rates 7.4.4 1:4 multiplex drive mode When four backplanes are provided in the LCD, the 1:4 multiplex drive mode applies as shown in Figure 10. Tfr BP0 VLCD 2VLCD/3 VLCD/3 VSS BP1 VLCD 2VLCD/3 VLCD/3 VSS BP2 VLCD 2VLCD/3 VLCD/3 VSS BP3 VLCD 2VLCD/3 VLCD/3 VSS Sn VLCD 2VLCD/3 VLCD/3 VSS Sn+1 VLCD 2VLCD/3 VLCD/3 VSS Sn+2 VLCD 2VLCD/3 VLCD/3 VSS Sn+3 VLCD 2VLCD/3 VLCD/3 VSS state 1 VLCD 2VLCD/3 VLCD/3 0V −VLCD/3 −2VLCD/3 −VLCD state 2 VLCD 2VLCD/3 VLCD/3 0V −VLCD/3 −2VLCD/3 −VLCD LCD segments state 1 state 2 (a) Waveforms at driver. (b) Resultant waveforms at LCD segment. 013aaa211 Vstate1(t) = VSn(t) − VBP0(t). Von(RMS) = 0.577VLCD. Vstate2(t) = VSn(t) − VBP1(t). Voff(RMS) = 0.333VLCD. Fig 10. Waveforms for the 1:4 multiplex drive mode with 1⁄3 bias PCF85132 Product data sheet All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. Rev. 1 — 23 November 2010 © NXP B.V. 2010. All rights reserved. 15 of 54 PCF85132 NXP Semiconductors LCD driver for low multiplex rates 7.5 Oscillator The internal logic and the LCD drive signals of the PCF85132 are timed by a frequency fclk which either is derived from the built-in oscillator frequency fosc: f osc f clk = ------64 (6) or equals an external clock frequency fclk(ext): (7) f clk = f clk ( ext ) Remark: A clock signal must always be supplied to the device; removing the clock may freeze the LCD in a DC state, which is not suitable for the liquid crystal. 7.5.1 Internal clock The internal oscillator is enabled by connecting pin OSC to VSS. In this case the output from pin CLK provides the clock signal for cascaded PCF85132 in the system. However, the clock signal is only available at pin CLK, if the display is enabled. The display is enabled using the display enable bit (see Table 10 on page 26). The output clock frequency is like specified in Table 19 on page 34 with parameter fclk. 7.5.2 External clock Connecting pin OSC to VDD enables an external clock source. Pin CLK then becomes the external clock input. 7.6 Timing and frame frequency The timing of the PCF85132 organizes the internal data flow of the device. This includes the transfer of display data from the display RAM to the display segment outputs. In cascaded applications, the synchronization signal (SYNC) maintains the correct timing relationship between the PCF85132 in the system. When the internal clock is used, the clock frequency can be programmed by software such that the frame frequency can be chosen in steps of 5 Hz in the range of 60 Hz to 90 Hz (see Table 16 on page 28). The internal oscillator is calibrated within an accuracy of ±10 % (at VDD = 5.0 V; Tamb = 30 °C). The timing also generates the LCD frame frequency derived from an integer division of fclk (see Table 16 on page 28). 7.7 Display register The display register holds the display data while the corresponding multiplex signals are generated. PCF85132 Product data sheet All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. Rev. 1 — 23 November 2010 © NXP B.V. 2010. All rights reserved. 16 of 54 PCF85132 NXP Semiconductors LCD driver for low multiplex rates 7.8 Segment outputs The LCD drive section includes 160 segment outputs (S0 to S159) which must be connected directly to the LCD. The segment output signals are generated in accordance with the multiplexed backplane signals and with data resident in the display register. When less than 160 segment outputs are required the unused segment outputs must be left open-circuit. 7.9 Backplane outputs The LCD drive section includes four backplane outputs: BP0 to BP3. The backplane output signals are generated in accordance with the selected LCD drive mode. • In the 1:4 multiplex drive mode BP0 to BP3 must be connected directly to the LCD. If less than four backplane outputs are required the unused outputs can be left open-circuit. • In 1:3 multiplex drive mode BP3 carries the same signal as BP1, therefore these two adjacent outputs can be tied together to give enhanced drive capabilities. • In 1:2 multiplex drive mode BP0 and BP2, BP1 and BP3 respectively carry the same signals and may also be paired to increase the drive capabilities. • In static drive mode the same signal is carried by all four backplane outputs and they can be connected in parallel for very high drive requirements. The pins for the four backplanes BP0 to BP3 are available on both pin bars of the chip. In applications it is possible to use either the pins for the backplanes • on the top pin bar • on the bottom pin bar • or both of them to increase the driving strength of the device. When using all backplanes available they may be connected to the respective sibling (BP0 on the top pin bar with BP0 on the bottom pin bar and so on). 7.10 Display RAM The display RAM is a static 160 × 4 bit RAM which stores LCD data. There is a one-to-one correspondence between • the bits in the RAM bitmap and the LCD elements • the RAM columns and the segment outputs • the RAM rows and the backplane outputs. A logic 1 in the RAM bitmap indicates the on-state of the corresponding LCD element; similarly, a logic 0 indicates the off-state. The display RAM bit map, Figure 11, shows the rows 0 to 3 which correspond with the backplane outputs BP0 to BP3, and the columns 0 to 159 which correspond with the segment outputs S0 to S159. In multiplexed LCD applications the segment data of the first, second, third, and fourth row of the display RAM are time-multiplexed with BP0, BP1, BP2, and BP3 respectively. PCF85132 Product data sheet All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. Rev. 1 — 23 November 2010 © NXP B.V. 2010. All rights reserved. 17 of 54 PCF85132 NXP Semiconductors LCD driver for low multiplex rates columns display RAM addresses/segment outputs (S) 0 rows 1 2 3 4 155 156 157 158 159 0 display RAM rows/ backplane outputs 1 (BP) 2 3 013aaa220 The display RAM bitmap shows the direct relationship between the display RAM addresses and the segment outputs; and between the bits in a RAM word and the backplane outputs. Fig 11. Display RAM bitmap When display data is transmitted to the PCF85132 the received display bytes are stored in the display RAM in accordance with the selected LCD drive mode. The data is stored as it arrives and does not wait for the acknowledge cycle as with the commands. Depending on the current multiplex drive mode, data is stored singularly, in pairs, triples, or quadruples. To illustrate the filling order, an example of a 7-segment numeric display showing all drive modes is given in Figure 12; the RAM filling organization depicted applies equally to other LCD types. The following applies to Figure 12: • In static drive mode the eight transmitted data bits are placed in row 0 as one byte. • In 1:2 multiplex drive mode the eight transmitted data bits are placed in pairs into row 0 and 1 as two successive 4-bit RAM words. • In 1:3 multiplex drive mode the eight bits are placed in triples into row 0, 1, and 2 as three successive 3-bit RAM words, with bit 3 of the third address left unchanged. It is not recommended to use this bit in a display because of the difficult addressing. This last bit may, if necessary, be controlled by an additional transfer to this address but care should be taken to avoid overwriting adjacent data because always full bytes are transmitted. • In 1:4 multiplex drive mode, the eight transmitted data bits are placed in quadruples into row 0, 1, 2, and 3 as two successive 4-bit RAM words. PCF85132 Product data sheet All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. Rev. 1 — 23 November 2010 © NXP B.V. 2010. All rights reserved. 18 of 54 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x x x xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xx xx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx x x xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxx LCD segments Sn+2 Sn+3 static display RAM filling order b f Sn+1 BP0 rows display RAM 0 rows/backplane 1 outputs (BP) 2 3 g e Sn+6 Sn Sn+7 c DP d n n+1 n+2 n+3 n+4 n+5 n+6 n+7 c x x x b x x x a x x x f x x x g x x x e x x x d x x x DP x x x Sn Rev. 1 — 23 November 2010 All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. Sn+1 a b f g multiplex Sn+2 BP1 e Sn+3 c Sn+1 1:3 Sn+2 DP d a b Sn multiplex BP1 c BP0 g multiplex BP1 c d g e d DP n n+1 n+2 n+3 a b x x f g x x e c x x d DP x x MSB a b LSB f g e c d DP n rows display RAM 0 b rows/backplane 1 DP outputs (BP) 2 c 3 x n+1 n+2 a d g x f e x x MSB LSB b DP c a d g f e DP BP2 n rows display RAM 0 a rows/backplane 1 c BP3 outputs (BP) 2 b 3 DP n+1 f e g d MSB a c b DP f LSB e g d 001aaj646 x = data bit unchanged. Fig 12. Relationships between LCD layout, drive mode, display RAM filling order, and display data transmitted over the I2C-bus PCF85132 19 of 54 © NXP B.V. 2010. All rights reserved. Sn+1 f LCD driver for low multiplex rates b f e c b a columns display RAM address/segment outputs (s) byte1 byte2 byte3 byte4 byte5 a Sn 1:4 BP2 DP d LSB columns display RAM address/segment outputs (s) byte1 byte2 byte3 g e rows display RAM 0 rows/backplane 1 outputs (BP) 2 3 BP0 f MSB columns display RAM address/segment outputs (s) byte1 byte2 BP0 1:2 transmitted display byte columns display RAM address/segment outputs (s) byte1 a Sn+4 Sn+5 LCD backplanes NXP Semiconductors PCF85132 Product data sheet drive mode PCF85132 NXP Semiconductors LCD driver for low multiplex rates 7.11 Data pointer The addressing mechanism for the display RAM is realized using the data pointer. This allows the loading of an individual display data byte, or a series of display data bytes, into any location of the display RAM. The sequence commences with the initialization of the data pointer by the load-data-pointer command (see Table 8 on page 25). Following this command, an arriving data byte is stored at the display RAM address indicated by the data pointer. The filling order is shown in Figure 12. After each byte is stored, the content of the data pointer is automatically incremented by a value dependent on the selected LCD drive mode: • • • • In static drive mode by eight In 1:2 multiplex drive mode by four In 1:3 multiplex drive mode by three In 1:4 multiplex drive mode by two If an I2C-bus data access is terminated early then the state of the data pointer is unknown. The data pointer should be re-written prior to further RAM accesses. 7.12 Subaddress counter The storage of display data is conditioned by the content of the subaddress counter. Storage is allowed only when the content of the subaddress counter matches with the hardware subaddress applied to A0 and A1. The subaddress counter value is defined by the device-select command (see Table 13 on page 27). If the content of the subaddress counter and the hardware subaddress do not match then data storage is inhibited but the data pointer is incremented as if data storage had taken place. The subaddress counter is also incremented when the data pointer overflows. The storage arrangements described lead to extremely efficient data loading in cascaded applications. When a series of display bytes are sent to the display RAM, automatic wrap-over to the next PCF85132 occurs when the last RAM address is exceeded. Subaddressing across device boundaries is successful even if the change to the next device in the cascade occurs within a transmitted character (such as during the 27th display data byte transmitted in 1:3 multiplex mode). The hardware subaddress must not be changed whilst the device is being accessed on the I2C-bus interface. 7.13 Output bank selector The output bank selector (see Table 14 on page 27) selects one of the four rows per display RAM address for transfer to the display register. The actual row selected depends on the particular LCD drive mode in operation and on the instant in the multiplex sequence. • In 1:4 multiplex mode, all RAM addresses of row 0 are selected, these are followed by the contents of row 1, row 2, and then row 3 • In 1:3 multiplex mode, rows 0, 1, and 2 are selected sequentially • In 1:2 multiplex mode, rows 0 and 1 are selected • In static mode, row 0 is selected PCF85132 Product data sheet All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. Rev. 1 — 23 November 2010 © NXP B.V. 2010. All rights reserved. 20 of 54 PCF85132 NXP Semiconductors LCD driver for low multiplex rates The PCF85132 includes a RAM bank switching feature in the static and 1:2 multiplex drive modes. In the static drive mode, the bank-select command may request the contents of row 2 to be selected for display instead of the contents of row 0. In the 1:2 multiplex mode, the contents of rows 2 and 3 may be selected instead of rows 0 and 1. This gives the provision for preparing display information in an alternative bank and to be able to switch to it once it is assembled. 7.14 Input bank selector The input bank selector loads display data into the display RAM in accordance with the selected LCD drive configuration. Display data can be loaded in row 2 in static drive mode or in rows 2 and 3 in 1:2 multiplex drive mode by using the bank-select command (see Table 14). The input bank selector functions independently to the output bank selector. 7.15 Blinker The display blinking capabilities of the PCF85132 are very versatile. The whole display can blink at frequencies selected by the blink-select command (see Table 15 on page 28). The blink frequencies are fractions of the clock frequency. The ratios between the clock and blink frequencies depend on the blink mode in which the device is operating (see Table 6). Table 6. Blink frequencies Assuming that fclk = 1.800 kHz. Blink mode Operating mode ratio Blink frequency off - blinking off 1 f clk f blink = -------768 ~2.34 Hz 2 f clk f blink = ----------1536 ~1.17 Hz 3 f clk f blink = ----------3072 ~0.59 Hz An additional feature is for an arbitrary selection of LCD elements to blink. This applies to the static and 1:2 multiplex drive modes and can be implemented without any communication overheads. By means of the output bank selector, the displayed RAM banks are exchanged with alternate RAM banks at the blink frequency. This mode can also be specified by the blink-select command (see Table 15). In the 1:3 and 1:4 multiplex modes, where no alternate RAM bank is available, groups of LCD elements can blink selectively by changing the display RAM data at fixed time intervals. The entire display can blink at a frequency other than the nominal blinking frequency. This can be effectively performed by resetting and setting the display enable bit E at the required rate using the mode-set command (see Table 10). PCF85132 Product data sheet All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. Rev. 1 — 23 November 2010 © NXP B.V. 2010. All rights reserved. 21 of 54 PCF85132 NXP Semiconductors LCD driver for low multiplex rates 7.16 Characteristics of the I2C-bus The I2C-bus is for bidirectional, two-line communication between different ICs or modules. The two lines are a Serial DAta line (SDA) and a Serial Clock Line (SCL). Both lines must be connected to a positive supply via a pull-up resistor when connected to the output stages of a device. Data transfer may be initiated only when the bus is not busy. By connecting pin SDAACK to pin SDA on the PCF85132, the SDA line becomes fully I2C-bus compatible. In COG applications where the track resistance from the SDAACK pin to the system SDA line can be significant, possibly a voltage divider is generated by the bus pull-up resistor and the Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) track resistance. As a consequence it may be possible that the acknowledge generated by the PCF85132 can’t be interpreted as logic 0 by the master. In COG applications where the acknowledge cycle is required, it is therefore necessary to minimize the track resistance from the SDAACK pin to the system SDA line to guarantee a valid LOW level. By separating the acknowledge output from the serial data line (having the SDAACK open circuit) design efforts to generate a valid acknowledge level can be avoided. However, in that case the I2C-bus master has to be set up in such a way that it ignores the acknowledge cycle.2 The following definition assumes SDA and SDAACK are connected and refers to the pair as SDA. 7.16.1 Bit transfer One data bit is transferred during each clock pulse. The data on the SDA line must remain stable during the HIGH period of the clock pulse as changes in the data line at this time will be interpreted as a control signal (see Figure 13). SDA SCL data line stable; data valid change of data allowed mba607 Fig 13. Bit transfer 7.16.1.1 START and STOP conditions Both data and clock lines remain HIGH when the bus is not busy. A HIGH-to-LOW change of the data line, while the clock is HIGH is defined as the START condition (S). A LOW-to-HIGH change of the data line while the clock is HIGH is defined as the STOP condition (P). The START and STOP conditions are shown in Figure 14. 2. For further information, please consider the NXP application note: Ref. 1 “AN10170”. PCF85132 Product data sheet All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. Rev. 1 — 23 November 2010 © NXP B.V. 2010. All rights reserved. 22 of 54 PCF85132 NXP Semiconductors LCD driver for low multiplex rates SDA SDA SCL SCL S P START condition STOP condition mbc622 Fig 14. Definition of START and STOP conditions 7.16.2 System configuration A device generating a message is a transmitter; a device receiving a message is the receiver. The device that controls the message is the master and the devices which are controlled by the master are the slaves. The system configuration is shown in Figure 15. MASTER TRANSMITTER/ RECEIVER SLAVE RECEIVER SLAVE TRANSMITTER/ RECEIVER MASTER TRANSMITTER MASTER TRANSMITTER/ RECEIVER SDA SCL mga807 Fig 15. System configuration 7.16.3 Acknowledge The number of data bytes transferred between the START and STOP conditions from transmitter to receiver is unlimited. Each byte of eight bits is followed by an acknowledge cycle. • A slave receiver which is addressed must generate an acknowledge after the reception of each byte. • Also a master receiver must generate an acknowledge after the reception of each byte that has been clocked out of the slave transmitter. • The device that acknowledges must pull-down the SDA line during the acknowledge clock pulse, so that the SDA line is stable LOW during the HIGH period of the acknowledge related clock pulse (set-up and hold times must be taken into consideration). • A master receiver must signal an end of data to the transmitter by not generating an acknowledge on the last byte that has been clocked out of the slave. In this event the transmitter must leave the data line HIGH to enable the master to generate a STOP condition. Acknowledgement on the I2C-bus is shown in Figure 16. PCF85132 Product data sheet All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. Rev. 1 — 23 November 2010 © NXP B.V. 2010. All rights reserved. 23 of 54 PCF85132 NXP Semiconductors LCD driver for low multiplex rates data output by transmitter not acknowledge data output by receiver acknowledge SCL from master 1 2 8 9 S clock pulse for acknowledgement START condition mbc602 Fig 16. Acknowledgement on the I2C-bus 7.16.4 I2C-bus controller The PCF85132 acts as an I2C-bus slave receiver. It does not initiate I2C-bus transfers or transmit data to an I2C-bus master receiver. The only data output from the PCF85132 are the acknowledge signals from the selected devices. Device selection depends on the I2C-bus slave address, on the transferred command data, and on the hardware subaddress. In single device applications, the hardware subaddress inputs A0 and A1 are normally tied to VSS which defines the hardware subaddress 0. In multiple device applications A0 and A1 are tied to VSS or VDD in accordance with a binary coding scheme such that no two devices with a common I2C-bus slave address have the same hardware subaddress. 7.16.5 Input filters To enhance noise immunity in electrical adverse environments, RC low-pass filters are provided on the SDA and SCL lines. 7.16.6 I2C-bus protocol Two I2C-bus slave addresses (0111 000 and 0111 001) are reserved for the PCF85132.The entire I2C-bus slave address byte is shown in Table 7. Table 7. I2C slave address byte Slave address Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 MSB 0 0 LSB 1 1 1 0 0 SA0 R/W The PCF85132 is a write-only device and will not respond to a read access, therefore bit 0 should always be logic 0. Bit 1 of the slave address byte, that a PCF85132 will respond to, is defined by the level tied to its SA0 input (VSS for logic 0 and VDD for logic 1). Having two reserved slave addresses allows the following on the same I2C-bus: • Up to 8 PCF85132 on the same I2C-bus for very large LCD applications • The use of two types of LCD multiplex on the same I2C-bus PCF85132 Product data sheet All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. Rev. 1 — 23 November 2010 © NXP B.V. 2010. All rights reserved. 24 of 54 PCF85132 NXP Semiconductors LCD driver for low multiplex rates The I2C-bus protocol is shown in Figure 17. The sequence is initiated with a START condition (S) from the I2C-bus master which is followed by one of two possible PCF85132 slave addresses available. All PCF85132 with the corresponding SA0 level acknowledge in parallel to the slave address, but all PCF85132 with the alternative SA0 level ignore the whole I2C-bus transfer. R/W = 0 slave address control byte RAM/command byte S C R S 0 1 1 1 0 0 A 0 A O S 0 M A S B L S P B EXAMPLES a) transmit two bytes of RAM data S S 0 1 1 1 0 0 A 0 A 0 1 0 RAM DATA A RAM DATA A A COMMAND A 0 0 A COMMAND A P A COMMAND A 0 1 A RAM DATA A A P b) transmit two command bytes S S 0 1 1 1 0 0 A 0 A 1 0 0 c) transmit one command byte and two RAM date bytes S S 0 1 1 1 0 0 A 0 A 1 0 0 RAM DATA A P mgl752 Fig 17. I2C-bus protocol After acknowledgement, a control byte follows which defines if the next byte is RAM or command information. The control byte also defines if the next byte is a control byte or further RAM or command data. Table 8. Control byte description Bit Symbol 7 CO 6 Value Description continue bit 0 last control byte 1 control bytes continue RS register selection 0 command register 1 5 to 0 data register - not relevant MSB 7 6 CO RS 5 4 3 2 1 LSB 0 not relevant mgl753 Fig 18. Control byte format PCF85132 Product data sheet All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. Rev. 1 — 23 November 2010 © NXP B.V. 2010. All rights reserved. 25 of 54 PCF85132 NXP Semiconductors LCD driver for low multiplex rates In this way it is possible to configure the device and then fill the display RAM with little overhead. The command bytes and control bytes are also acknowledged by all addressed PCF85132 connected to the bus. The display bytes are stored in the display RAM at the address specified by the data pointer and the subaddress counter; see Section 7.11 and Section 7.12. The acknowledgement after each byte is made only by the (A0 and A1) addressed PCF85132. After the last (display) byte, the I2C-bus master issues a STOP condition (P). Alternatively a START may be asserted to RESTART an I2C-bus access. 7.17 Command decoder The command decoder identifies command bytes that arrive on the I2C-bus. The commands available to the PCF85132 are defined in Table 9. Table 9. Definition of PCF85132 commands Command Operation code Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 mode-set 1 1 0 0 E B M[1:0] load-data-pointer-MSB 0 0 0 0 P[7:4] Table 11 load-data-pointer-LSB 0 1 0 0 P[3:0] Table 12 device-select 1 1 1 0 0 0 A[1:0] bank-select 1 1 1 1 1 0 I BF[1:0] blink-select 1 1 1 1 0 AB frame-frequency-prescaler 1 1 1 0 1 F[2:0] Table 10. Symbol Value Description 7 to 4 - 1100 fixed value 3 E disabled (blank)[2] 1 enabled Table 13 O Table 14 Table 15 Table 16 LCD bias configuration 0[1] 1⁄ 3 bias 1 1⁄ 2 M[1:0] bias LCD drive mode selection 01 Product data sheet Table 10 display status 0[1] B 1 to 0 0 Mode-set command bit description Bit 2 PCF85132 Reference static; BP0 10 1:2 multiplex; BP0, BP1 11 1:3 multiplex; BP0, BP1, BP2 00[1] 1:4 multiplex; BP0, BP1, BP2, BP3 [1] Power-on and reset value. [2] The possibility to disable the display allows implementation of blinking under external control; the enable bit determines also whether the internal clock signal is available at the CLK pin (see Section 7.5.1 on page 16). All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. Rev. 1 — 23 November 2010 © NXP B.V. 2010. All rights reserved. 26 of 54 PCF85132 NXP Semiconductors LCD driver for low multiplex rates Table 11. Load-data-pointer-MSB command bit description Bit Symbol Value Description 7 to 4 - 0000 fixed value P[7:4] 0000[1] 3 to 0 to P7 to P4 defines the first 4 (most significant) bits of the data pointer that indicates one of the 160 display RAM addresses 1001 [1] Power-on and reset value. Table 12. Load-data-pointer-LSB command bit description Bit Symbol Value Description 7 to 4 - 0100 fixed value P[3:0] 0000[1] 3 to 0 to P3 to P0 defines the last 4 (least significant) bits of the data pointer that indicates one of the 160 display RAM addresses 1111 [1] Power-on and reset value. Table 13. Device-select command bit description Bit Symbol Value Description 7 to 2 - 111000 fixed value A[1:0] 00[1] two bits of immediate data, bits A0 to A1, are transferred to the subaddress counter to define one of four hardware subaddresses (see Table 20 on page 39) 1 to 0 [1] to 11 Power-on and reset value. Table 14. Bank-select command bit description Bit Symbol Value Description Static 7 to 2 - 1 I 0 PCF85132 Product data sheet 111110 1:2 multiplex[1] fixed value input bank selection; storage of arriving display data 0[2] RAM bit 0 RAM bits 0 and 1 1 RAM bit 2 RAM bits 2 and 3 O output bank selection; retrieval of LCD display data 0[2] RAM bit 0 RAM bits 0 and 1 1 RAM bit 2 RAM bits 2 and 3 [1] The bank-select command has no effect in 1:3 and 1:4 multiplex drive modes. [2] Power-on and reset value. All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. Rev. 1 — 23 November 2010 © NXP B.V. 2010. All rights reserved. 27 of 54 PCF85132 NXP Semiconductors LCD driver for low multiplex rates Table 15. Blink-select command bit description Bit Symbol Value Description 7 to 3 - 11110 fixed value 2 AB 1 to 0 blink mode selection 0[1] normal blinking[2] 1 alternate RAM bank blinking[3] BF[1:0] blink frequency selection 00[1] off 01 1 10 2 11 3 [1] Power-on and reset value. [2] Normal blinking is assumed when the LCD multiplex drive modes 1:3 or 1:4 are selected. [3] Alternate RAM bank blinking does not apply in 1:3 and 1:4 multiplex drive modes. Table 16. Frame-frequency-prescaler command bit description Bit Symbol Value Description Nominal frame frequency[1] Equation PCF85132 Product data sheet 7 to 4 - 3 to 0 F[2:0] 11101 fixed value 000 60 Hz 64 f clk f fr = ------ × -------80 24 001 65 Hz 64 f clk f fr = ------ × -------74 24 010 70 Hz 64 f clk f fr = ------ × -------68 24 011[2] 75 Hz f clk f fr = ------24 100 80 Hz 64 f clk f fr = ------ × -------60 24 101 85 Hz 64 f clk f fr = ------ × -------56 24 110 90 Hz 64 f clk f fr = ------ × -------53 24 111 75 Hz f clk f fr = ------24 defines the division factor for the frame frequency ffr [1] Nominal frame frequency calculated for an internal operating frequency of 1.800 kHz. [2] Power-on and reset value. All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. Rev. 1 — 23 November 2010 © NXP B.V. 2010. All rights reserved. 28 of 54 PCF85132 NXP Semiconductors LCD driver for low multiplex rates 7.18 Display controller The display controller executes the commands identified by the command decoder. It contains the status registers of the PCF85132 and co-ordinates their effects. The controller is also responsible for loading display data into the display RAM as required by the filling order. 8. Internal circuitry VLCD VDD VSS VSS VDD SDAACK, SCL, SDA, T3, VLCD VSS VSS S0 to S159, BP0 to BP3 SYNC, T1, T2, A0, A1, OSC, CLK, SA0 013aaa221 Fig 19. Device protection diagram PCF85132 Product data sheet All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. Rev. 1 — 23 November 2010 © NXP B.V. 2010. All rights reserved. 29 of 54 PCF85132 NXP Semiconductors LCD driver for low multiplex rates 9. Limiting values CAUTION Static voltages across the liquid crystal display can build up when the LCD supply voltage (VLCD) is on while the IC supply voltage (VDD) is off, or vice versa. This may cause unwanted display artifacts. To avoid such artifacts, VLCD and VDD must be applied or removed together. Table 17. Limiting values In accordance with the Absolute Maximum Rating System (IEC 60134).[1] Symbol Parameter Max Unit supply voltage −0.5 +6.5 V IDD supply current −50 +50 mA VLCD LCD supply voltage −0.5 +9.0 V IDD(LCD) LCD supply current −50 +50 mA −0.5 +6.5 V −10 +10 mA on pins S0 to S159 and BP0 to BP3 −0.5 +9.0 V on pins SDAACK, CLK, SYNC −0.5 +6.5 V Vi input voltage II input current VO output voltage on pins CLK, SYNC, SA0, OSC, SDA, SCL, A0, A1, T1, T2, and T3 IO output current −10 +10 mA ISS ground supply current −50 +50 mA Ptot total power dissipation - 400 mW P/out power dissipation per output - 100 mW HBM [2] - ±4500 V MM [3] - ±250 V latch-up current [4] - 200 mA Tstg storage temperature [5] −65 +150 °C Tamb ambient temperature −40 +85 °C Ilu Product data sheet Min VDD VESD PCF85132 Conditions electrostatic discharge voltage operating device [1] Stresses above these values listed may cause permanent damage to the device. [2] Pass level; Human Body Model (HBM) according to Ref. 5 “JESD22-A114”. [3] Pass level; Machine Model (MM), according to Ref. 6 “JESD22-A115”. [4] Pass level; latch-up testing, according to Ref. 7 “JESD78” at maximum ambient temperature (Tamb(max) = 85 °C). [5] According to the NXP store and transport requirements (see Ref. 9 “NX3-00092”) the devices have to be stored at a temperature of +8 °C to +45 °C and a humidity of 25 % to 75 %. For long term storage products deviant conditions are described in that document. All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. Rev. 1 — 23 November 2010 © NXP B.V. 2010. All rights reserved. 30 of 54 PCF85132 NXP Semiconductors LCD driver for low multiplex rates 10. Static characteristics Table 18. Static characteristics VDD = 1.8 V to 5.5 V; VSS = 0 V; VLCD = 1.8 V to 8.0 V; Tamb = −40 °C to +85 °C; unless otherwise specified. Symbol Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max Unit Supplies VDD supply voltage 1.8 - 5.5 V VLCD LCD supply voltage 1.8 - 8.0 V IDD supply current [1][2][3] - - 20 μA [1][3] - - 60 μA [1][2][4] - - 70 μA [1][4] - - 70 μA −0.5 - +5.5 V fclk(ext) = 1.800 kHz with internal oscillator running IDD(LCD) LCD supply current fclk(ext) = 1.800 kHz with internal oscillator running Logic VI input voltage on pins SDA and SCL all other input pins −0.5 - VDD + 0.5 V VIH HIGH-level input voltage on pins CLK, SYNC, OSC, A0, A1, SA0, SCL, and SDA 0.7VDD - - V VIL LOW-level input voltage on pins CLK, SYNC, OSC, A0, A1, SA0, SCL, and SDA - - 0.3VDD V VO output voltage on pins CLK and SYNC −0.5 - VDD + 0.5 V on pin SDAACK −0.5 - +5.5 V 0.8VDD - VDD V VOH HIGH-level output voltage on pin SYNC, CLK VOL LOW-level output voltage on pin SYNC, CLK, SDAACK VSS - 0.2VDD V IOH HIGH-level output current output source current; VOH = 4.6 V; VDD = 5 V; on pin CLK 1.5 - - mA IOL LOW-level output current output sink current; on pins CLK and SYNC 1.5 - - mA 3 - - mA VOL = 0.4 V; VDD = 5 V on pin SDAACK VDD ≤ 2 V; VOL = 0.2VDD VPOR power-on reset voltage IL leakage current PCF85132 Product data sheet 2 V < VDD < 3 V; VOL = 0.4 V 3 - - mA VDD ≥ 3 V; VOL = 0.4 V 6 - - mA 1.0 1.3 1.6 V −1 - +1 μA VI = VDD or VSS; on pin OSC, CLK, A0, A1, SA0, SDA, and SCL All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. Rev. 1 — 23 November 2010 © NXP B.V. 2010. All rights reserved. 31 of 54 PCF85132 NXP Semiconductors LCD driver for low multiplex rates Table 18. Static characteristics …continued VDD = 1.8 V to 5.5 V; VSS = 0 V; VLCD = 1.8 V to 8.0 V; Tamb = −40 °C to +85 °C; unless otherwise specified. Symbol Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max Unit −30 - +30 mV on pins BP0 to BP3 - 1.5 5 kΩ on pins S0 to S159 - 2.0 5 kΩ LCD outputs ΔVO output voltage variation on pins BP0 to BP3 and S0 to S159 RO output resistance VLCD = 5 V [5][6] [1] LCD outputs are open-circuit; inputs at VSS or VDD; I2C-bus inactive; VLCD = 8.0 V, VDD = 5.0 V and RAM written with all logic 1. [2] External clock with 50 % duty factor. [3] For typical values, see Figure 20. [4] For typical values, see Figure 21. [5] Variation between any 2 backplanes on a given voltage level; static measured. [6] Variation between any 2 segments on a given voltage level; static measured. 001aal014 20 IDD (μA) 16 IDD internal 12 8 4 IDD external 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 VDD (V) IDD internal is measured with the internal oscillator; IDD external is measured with an external clock; Tamb = 30 °C; 1:4 multiplex; VLCD = 8 V; all RAM written with logic 1; no display connected. Fig 20. IDD with respect to VDD PCF85132 Product data sheet All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. Rev. 1 — 23 November 2010 © NXP B.V. 2010. All rights reserved. 32 of 54 PCF85132 NXP Semiconductors LCD driver for low multiplex rates 001aal111 40 IDD(LCD) (μA) 30 20 10 0 1 3 5 7 9 VLCD (V) Tamb = 30 °C; 1:4 multiplex; all RAM written with logic 1; no display connected; fclk(ext) = 1.800 kHz. Fig 21. IDD(LCD) with respect to VLCD PCF85132 Product data sheet All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. Rev. 1 — 23 November 2010 © NXP B.V. 2010. All rights reserved. 33 of 54 PCF85132 NXP Semiconductors LCD driver for low multiplex rates 11. Dynamic characteristics Table 19. Dynamic characteristics VDD = 1.8 V to 5.5 V; VSS = 0 V; VLCD = 1.8 V to 8.0 V; Tamb = −40 °C to +85 °C; unless otherwise specified. Symbol Parameter Conditions fclk clock frequency fclk(ext) external clock frequency tclk(H) HIGH-level clock time tclk(L) Δffr on pin CLK; VDD = 5 V ± 0.5 V Min [1][2][3] [4] Typ Max Unit 1600 1800 2060 Hz 700 - 5000 Hz external clock source used 100 - - μs LOW-level clock time external clock source used 100 - - μs frame frequency variation VDD = 5 V ± 0.5 V ffr = 80 Hz; Tamb = −40 °C −15 - +15 % ffr = 75 Hz; Tamb = 30 °C −10 - +10 % ffr = 71 Hz; Tamb = 85 °C −15 - +15 % tPD(SYNC_N) SYNC propagation delay tSYNC_NL SYNC LOW time tPD(drv) driver propagation delay Timing characteristics: VLCD = 5 V - 30 - ns 100 - - μs - 10 - μs I2C-bus[5] fSCL SCL clock frequency - - 400 kHz tBUF bus free time between a STOP and START condition 1.3 - - μs tHD;STA hold time (repeated) START condition 0.6 - - μs tSU;STA set-up time for a repeated START condition 0.6 - - μs tVD;ACK data valid acknowledge time - - 0.9 μs tLOW LOW period of the SCL clock 1.3 - - μs tHIGH HIGH period of the SCL clock 0.6 - - μs tf fall time of both SDA and SCL signals - - 0.3 μs tr rise time of both SDA and SCL signals - - 0.3 μs Cb capacitive load for each bus line - - 400 pF tSU;DAT data set-up time 200 - - ns tHD;DAT data hold time 0 - - ns tSU;STO set-up time for STOP condition 0.6 - - μs tSP pulse width of spikes that must be suppressed by the input filter - - 50 ns [1] Typical output duty factor: 50 % measured at the CLK output pin. [2] For the respective frame frequency ffr see Table 16. [3] For the characteristics of VDD at a fixed temperature or of the temperature at a fixed VDD, see Figure 22 and Figure 23. [4] For fCLK(ext) > 4 kHz it is recommended to use an external pull-up resistor between pin SYNC and pin VDD. The value of the resistor should be between 100 kΩ and 1 MΩ. [5] All timing values are valid within the operating supply voltage and ambient temperature range and are referenced to VIL and VIH with an input voltage swing of VSS to VDD. PCF85132 Product data sheet All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. Rev. 1 — 23 November 2010 © NXP B.V. 2010. All rights reserved. 34 of 54 PCF85132 NXP Semiconductors LCD driver for low multiplex rates 001aak109 1860 fclk (Hz) 1820 1780 1740 1700 1 2 3 4 5 6 VDD (V) Tamb = 30 °C. Fig 22. Typical clock frequency (fclk) with respect to voltage 013aaa395 95 ffr (Hz) 85 15 % 75 15 % max 10 % typ 15 % 10 % min 65 55 −60 15 % −40 −20 0 20 40 60 100 80 Temperature (°C) Condition: VDD = 5 V ± 0.5 V; frame-frequency-prescaler = 011; 75 Hz typical. The frame frequency (ffr) is calculated from the clock frequency (fclk) according to the equations described in Table 16. Fig 23. Frame frequency variation PCF85132 Product data sheet All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. Rev. 1 — 23 November 2010 © NXP B.V. 2010. All rights reserved. 35 of 54 PCF85132 NXP Semiconductors LCD driver for low multiplex rates 1 / fCLK tclk(H) tclk(L) 0.7 VDD CLK 0.3 VDD 0.7 VDD SYNC 0.3 VDD tPD(SYNC_N) tSYNC_NL 0.5 V BP0 to BP3, and S0 to S159 (VDD = 5 V) 0.5 V tPD(drv) 001aah848 Fig 24. Driver timing waveforms tf SDA tr tSU;DAT 70 % 30 % 70 % 30 % cont. tHD;DAT tf tVD;ACK tHIGH tr 70 % 30 % SCL 70 % 30 % 70 % 30 % tHD;STA 70 % 30 % tLOW cont. 9th clock 1 / fSCL S 1st clock cycle tBUF SDA tSU;STA tHD;STA tVD;ACK tSP tSU;STO 70 % 30 % SCL Sr P 9th clock S 013aaa110 Fig 25. I2C-bus timing waveforms when SDA and SDAACK are connected PCF85132 Product data sheet All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. Rev. 1 — 23 November 2010 © NXP B.V. 2010. All rights reserved. 36 of 54 PCF85132 NXP Semiconductors LCD driver for low multiplex rates 12. Application information 12.1 Pull-up resistor sizing on I2C-bus 12.1.1 Max value of pull-up resistor The bus capacitance (Cb) is the total capacitance of wire, connections, and pins. This capacitance on pin SDA limits the maximum value of the pull-up resistor (RPU) due to the specified rise time. According to the I2C-bus specification the rise time (tr) is defined between the VDD related input threshold of VIL = 0.3VDD and VIH = 0.7VDD. The value for tr(max) is 300 ns. tr will be calculated with Equation 8: (8) t r = t2 – t1 whereas t1 and t2 are the time since the charging started. The values for t1 and t2 are derivatives of the functions V(t1) and V(t2): V ( t1 ) = 0.3V DD = V DD ( 1 – e V ( t2 ) = 0.7V DD = V DD ( 1 – e -t1 ⁄ R PU C b -t2 ⁄ R PU C b ) (9) ) (10) with the results of t1 = – R PU C b × ln(0.7) (11) t2 = – R PU C b × ln(0.3) (12) t r = – R PU C b × ln(0.3) + R PU C b × ln(0.7) (13) RPU(max) is a function of the rise time (tr) and the bus capacitance (Cb) and will be calculated with Equation 14: tr 300 × 10 –9 R PU ( max ) = ----------------------- = ------------------------0.8473C b 0.8473C b (14) 12.1.2 Min value of pull-up resistor The supply voltage limits the minimum value of resistor RPU due to the specified minimum sink current (see value of IOL on pin SDAACK in Table 18). RPU(min) as a function of VDD is calculated with Equation 15: V DD – V OL R PU ( min ) = ------------------------I OL (15) The designer now has the minimum and maximum value of RPU. The values for RPU(max) and RPU(min) are shown in Figure 26 and Figure 27. PCF85132 Product data sheet All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. Rev. 1 — 23 November 2010 © NXP B.V. 2010. All rights reserved. 37 of 54 PCF85132 NXP Semiconductors LCD driver for low multiplex rates 001aak441 6 RPU(max) (kΩ) 5 4 3 2 1 0 20 60 100 140 180 220 260 300 340 380 420 460 500 Cb (pF) Fig 26. Values for RPU(max) 001aak440 6 RPU(min) (kΩ) 5 4 3 2 1 0 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 VDD (V) Fig 27. Values for RPU(min) 12.2 SDA and SDAACK configuration The Serial DAta line (SDA) and the I2C-bus acknowledge line (SDAACK) are split. Both lines can be connected together to facilitate a single line SDA. SDA SDA SDAACK SDAACK two wire mode single wire mode 013aaa111 Fig 28. SDA, SDAACK configurations PCF85132 Product data sheet All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. Rev. 1 — 23 November 2010 © NXP B.V. 2010. All rights reserved. 38 of 54 PCF85132 NXP Semiconductors LCD driver for low multiplex rates 12.3 Cascaded operation In large display configurations, up to 8 PCF85132 can be distinguished on the same I2C-bus by using the 2-bit hardware subaddress (A0 and A1) and the programmable I2C-bus slave address (SA0). Table 20. Addressing cascaded PCF85132 Cluster Bit SA0 Pin A1 Pin A0 Device 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 2 1 1 3 0 0 4 0 1 5 1 0 6 1 1 7 2 1 When cascaded PCF85132 are synchronized, they can share the backplane signals from one of the devices in the cascade. Such an arrangement is cost-effective in large LCD applications since the backplane outputs of only one device need to be through-plated to the backplane electrodes of the display. The other PCF85132 of the cascade contribute additional segment outputs but their backplane outputs are left open-circuit (see Figure 29). For display sizes that are not multiple of 640 elements, a mixed cascaded system can be considered containing only devices like PCF85132 and PCF85133. Depending on the application, one must take care of the software commands compatibility and pin connection compatibility. The SYNC line is provided to maintain the correct synchronization between all cascaded PCF85132. This synchronization is guaranteed after the Power-On Reset (POR). The only time that SYNC is likely to be needed is if synchronization is accidentally lost (e.g. by noise in adverse electrical environments, or by the definition of a multiplex mode when PCF85132 with different SA0 levels are cascaded). SYNC is organized as an input/output pin; the output selection being realized as an open-drain driver with an internal pull-up resistor. A PCF85132 asserts the SYNC line at the onset of its last active backplane signal and monitors the SYNC line at all other times. Should synchronization in the cascade be lost, it will be restored by the first PCF85132 to assert SYNC. The timing relationship between the backplane waveforms and the SYNC signal for the various drive modes of the PCF85132 are shown in Figure 31. When using an external clock signal with high frequencies (fclk(ext) > 4 kHz) it is recommended to have an external pull-up resistor between pin SYNC and pin VDD (see Table 19). This resistor should be present even when no cascading configuration is used! When using it in a cascaded configuration, care must be taken not to route the SYNC signal to close to noisy signals. The contact resistance between the SYNC pads of cascaded devices must be controlled. If the resistance is too high, the device will not be able to synchronize properly. This is particularly applicable to COG applications. Table 21 shows the limiting values for contact resistance. PCF85132 Product data sheet All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. Rev. 1 — 23 November 2010 © NXP B.V. 2010. All rights reserved. 39 of 54 PCF85132 NXP Semiconductors LCD driver for low multiplex rates Table 21. SYNC contact resistance Number of devices Maximum contact resistance 2 6000 Ω 3 to 5 2200 Ω 6 to 8 1200 Ω In the cascaded applications, the OSC pin of the PCF85132 with subaddress 0 is connected to VSS so that this device uses its internal clock to generate a clock signal at the CLK pin. The other PCF85132 devices are having the OSC pin connected to VDD, meaning that these devices are ready to receive external clock, the signal being provided by the device with subaddress 0. In the case that the master is providing the clock signal to the slave devices, care must be taken that the sending of display enable or disable will be received by both, the master and the slaves at the same time. When the display is disabled the output from pin CLK is disabled too. The disconnection of the clock may result in a DC component for the display. Alternatively, the schematic can be also constructed such that all the devices have OSC pin connected to VDD and thus an external CLK being provided for the system (all devices connected to the same external CLK). A configuration where SYNC is connected but all PCF85132 are using the internal clock (OSC pin tied to VSS) is not recommended and may lead to display artifacts! PCF85132 Product data sheet All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. Rev. 1 — 23 November 2010 © NXP B.V. 2010. All rights reserved. 40 of 54 PCF85132 NXP Semiconductors LCD driver for low multiplex rates VDD VLCD SDA 160/80/40 segment drives SCL PCF85132 SYNC LCD PANEL (2) CLK (up to 2560 elements) OSC BP0 to BP3 (open-circuit) A0 A1 SA0 VSS VLCD VDD R≤ HOST MICROPROCESSOR/ MICROCONTROLLER tr 2CB V DD V LCD SDA 160 segment drives SCL PCF85132 SYNC (1) CLK 4 backplanes BP0 to BP3 OSC 013aaa363 A0 A1 SA0 VSS VSS (1) Is master (OSC connected to VSS). (2) Is slave (OSC connected to VDD). Fig 29. Cascaded configuration with two PCF85132 using the internal clock of the master PCF85132 Product data sheet All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. Rev. 1 — 23 November 2010 © NXP B.V. 2010. All rights reserved. 41 of 54 PCF85132 NXP Semiconductors LCD driver for low multiplex rates VDD VLCD SDA 80/40 segment drives SCL PCF85133 SYNC LCD PANEL (2) CLK (up to 2560 elements) OSC BP0 to BP3 (open-circuit) A0 A1 A2 SA0 VSS VLCD VDD R≤ HOST MICROPROCESSOR/ MICROCONTROLLER tr 2CB V DD V LCD SDA 160 segment drives SCL PCF85132 SYNC (1) CLK 4 backplanes BP0 to BP3 OSC 013aaa364 A0 A1 SA0 VSS VSS (1) Is master (OSC connected to VSS). (2) Is slave (OSC connected to VDD). Fig 30. Cascaded configuration with one PCF85132 and one PCF85133 using the internal clock of the master PCF85132 Product data sheet All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. Rev. 1 — 23 November 2010 © NXP B.V. 2010. All rights reserved. 42 of 54 PCF85132 NXP Semiconductors LCD driver for low multiplex rates Tfr = 1 ffr BP0 SYNC (a) static drive mode BP1 (1/2 bias) BP1 (1/3 bias) SYNC (b) 1:2 multiplex drive mode BP2 (1/3 bias) SYNC (c) 1:3 multiplex drive mode BP3 (1/3 bias) SYNC (d) 1:4 multiplex drive mode 001aaj498 Fig 31. Synchronization of the cascade for the various PCF85132 drive modes PCF85132 Product data sheet All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. Rev. 1 — 23 November 2010 © NXP B.V. 2010. All rights reserved. 43 of 54 PCF85132 NXP Semiconductors LCD driver for low multiplex rates 13. Bare die outline Bare die; 197 bumps; 6.5 x 1.16 x 0.40 mm PCF85132U X D 166 61 +y 0 C1 Marking code: PC85132/232-1 167 +x E S1 0 197 1 60 Y A b A2 e1 e A1 L detail Y detail X 0 1 scale Dimensions Unit mm 2 mm A(1) A1(1) A2(1) b(1) max 0.018 nom 0.40 0.015 0.380 0.0338 min 0.012 D E 6.5 e(1) e1(1) L(1) 1.16 0.054 0.2025 0.090 Note 1. Dimension not drawn to scale. Outline version pcf85132_do References IEC JEDEC JEITA European projection Issue date 10-10-14 PCF85132U Fig 32. Bare die outline of PCF85132 PCF85132 Product data sheet All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. Rev. 1 — 23 November 2010 © NXP B.V. 2010. All rights reserved. 44 of 54 PCF85132 NXP Semiconductors LCD driver for low multiplex rates Table 22. Bump locations All x/y coordinates represent the position of the center of each bump with respect to the center (x/y = 0) of the chip; see Figure 32. PCF85132 Product data sheet Symbol Bump X (μm) Y (μm) Symbol Bump X (μm) Y (μm) SDAACK 1 −1165.3 −481.5 S68 100 750.2 481.5 SDAACK 2 −1111.3 −481.5 S69 101 696.2 481.5 SDAACK 3 −1057.3 −481.5 S70 102 642.2 481.5 SDA 4 −854.8 −481.5 S71 103 588.2 481.5 SDA 5 −800.8 −481.5 S72 104 534.2 481.5 SDA 6 −746.8 −481.5 S73 105 480.2 481.5 SCL 7 −575.8 −481.5 S74 106 426.2 481.5 SCL 8 −521.8 −481.5 S75 107 372.2 481.5 SCL 9 −467.8 −481.5 S76 108 318.2 481.5 CLK 10 −316.2 −481.5 S77 109 264.2 481.5 VDD 11 −204.1 −481.5 S78 110 210.2 481.5 VDD 12 −150.1 −481.5 S79 111 156.2 481.5 VDD 13 −96.1 −481.5 BP0 112 86.8 481.5 SYNC 14 6.9 −481.5 BP2 113 32.8 481.5 OSC 15 119.4 −481.5 BP1 114 −21.2 481.5 T1 16 203.1 −481.5 BP3 115 −75.2 481.5 T2 17 286.8 −481.5 S80 116 −190.7 481.5 T3 18 389.9 −481.5 S81 117 −244.7 481.5 T3 19 443.9 −481.5 S82 118 −298.7 481.5 T3 20 497.9 −481.5 S83 119 −352.7 481.5 A0 21 640.5 −481.5 S84 120 −406.7 481.5 A1 22 724.2 −481.5 S85 121 −460.7 481.5 SA0 23 807.9 −481.5 S86 122 −514.7 481.5 VSS 24 893.0 −481.5 S87 123 −568.7 481.5 VSS 25 947.0 −481.5 S88 124 −622.7 481.5 VSS 26 1001.0 −481.5 S89 125 −676.7 481.5 VLCD 27 1107.2 −481.5 S90 126 −730.7 481.5 VLCD 28 1161.2 −481.5 S91 127 −784.7 481.5 VLCD 29 1215.2 −481.5 S92 128 −838.7 481.5 BP2 30 1303.4 −481.5 S93 129 −892.7 481.5 BP0 31 1357.4 −481.5 S94 130 −946.7 481.5 S0 32 1411.4 −481.5 S95 131 −1000.7 481.5 S1 33 1465.4 −481.5 S96 132 −1054.7 481.5 S2 34 1519.4 −481.5 S97 133 −1108.7 481.5 S3 35 1573.4 −481.5 S98 134 −1224.2 481.5 S4 36 1627.4 −481.5 S99 135 −1278.2 481.5 S5 37 1681.4 −481.5 S100 136 −1332.2 481.5 S6 38 1735.4 −481.5 S101 137 −1386.2 481.5 S7 39 1789.4 −481.5 S102 138 −1440.2 481.5 All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. Rev. 1 — 23 November 2010 © NXP B.V. 2010. All rights reserved. 45 of 54 PCF85132 NXP Semiconductors LCD driver for low multiplex rates Table 22. Bump locations …continued All x/y coordinates represent the position of the center of each bump with respect to the center (x/y = 0) of the chip; see Figure 32. PCF85132 Product data sheet Symbol Bump X (μm) Y (μm) Symbol Bump X (μm) Y (μm) S8 40 1843.4 −481.5 S103 139 −1494.2 481.5 S9 41 1897.4 −481.5 S104 140 −1548.2 481.5 S10 42 1951.4 −481.5 S105 141 −1602.2 481.5 S11 43 2005.4 −481.5 S106 142 −1656.2 481.5 S12 44 2059.4 −481.5 S107 143 −1710.2 481.5 S13 45 2113.4 −481.5 S108 144 −1764.2 481.5 S14 46 2167.4 −481.5 S109 145 −1818.2 481.5 S15 47 2221.4 −481.5 S110 146 −1872.2 481.5 S16 48 2363.9 −481.5 S111 147 −1926.2 481.5 S17 49 2417.9 −481.5 S112 148 −1980.2 481.5 S18 50 2471.9 −481.5 S113 149 −2034.2 481.5 S19 51 2525.9 −481.5 S114 150 −2088.2 481.5 S20 52 2579.9 −481.5 S115 151 −2142.2 481.5 S21 53 2633.9 −481.5 S116 152 −2284.7 481.5 S22 54 2687.9 −481.5 S117 153 −2338.7 481.5 S23 55 2741.9 −481.5 S118 154 −2392.7 481.5 S24 56 2795.9 −481.5 S119 155 −2446.7 481.5 S25 57 2849.9 −481.5 S120 156 −2500.7 481.5 S26 58 2903.9 −481.5 S121 157 −2554.7 481.5 S27 59 2957.9 −481.5 S122 158 −2608.7 481.5 S28 60 3011.9 −481.5 S123 159 −2662.7 481.5 S29 61 3067.7 481.5 S124 160 −2716.7 481.5 S30 62 3013.7 481.5 S125 161 −2770.7 481.5 S31 63 2959.7 481.5 S126 162 −2824.7 481.5 S32 64 2905.7 481.5 S127 163 −2878.7 481.5 S33 65 2851.7 481.5 S128 164 −2932.7 481.5 S34 66 2797.7 481.5 S129 165 −2986.7 481.5 S35 67 2743.7 481.5 S130 166 −3040.7 481.5 S36 68 2689.7 481.5 S131 167 −3025.2 −481.5 S37 69 2635.7 481.5 S132 168 −2971.2 −481.5 S38 70 2520.2 481.5 S133 169 −2917.2 −481.5 S39 71 2466.2 481.5 S134 170 −2863.2 −481.5 S40 72 2412.2 481.5 S135 171 −2809.2 −481.5 S41 73 2358.2 481.5 S136 172 −2755.2 −481.5 S42 74 2304.2 481.5 S137 173 −2701.2 −481.5 S43 75 2250.2 481.5 S138 174 −2647.2 −481.5 S44 76 2196.2 481.5 S139 175 −2593.2 −481.5 S45 77 2142.2 481.5 S140 176 −2539.2 −481.5 S46 78 2088.2 481.5 S141 177 −2485.2 −481.5 All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. Rev. 1 — 23 November 2010 © NXP B.V. 2010. All rights reserved. 46 of 54 PCF85132 NXP Semiconductors LCD driver for low multiplex rates Table 22. Bump locations …continued All x/y coordinates represent the position of the center of each bump with respect to the center (x/y = 0) of the chip; see Figure 32. Symbol Bump X (μm) Y (μm) Symbol Bump X (μm) Y (μm) S47 79 2034.2 481.5 S142 178 −2431.2 −481.5 S48 80 1891.7 481.5 S143 179 −2377.2 −481.5 S49 81 1837.7 481.5 S144 180 −2234.7 −481.5 S50 82 1783.7 481.5 S145 181 −2180.7 −481.5 S51 83 1729.7 481.5 S146 182 −2126.7 −481.5 S52 84 1675.7 481.5 S147 183 −2072.7 −481.5 S53 85 1621.7 481.5 S148 184 −2018.7 −481.5 S54 86 1567.7 481.5 S149 185 −1964.7 −481.5 S55 87 1513.7 481.5 S150 186 −1910.7 −481.5 S56 88 1459.7 481.5 S151 187 −1856.7 −481.5 S57 89 1405.7 481.5 S152 188 −1802.7 −481.5 S58 90 1351.7 481.5 S153 189 −1748.7 −481.5 S59 91 1297.7 481.5 S154 190 −1694.7 −481.5 S60 92 1243.7 481.5 S155 191 −1640.7 −481.5 S61 93 1189.7 481.5 S156 192 −1586.7 −481.5 S62 94 1135.7 481.5 S157 193 −1532.7 −481.5 S63 95 1081.7 481.5 S158 194 −1478.7 −481.5 S64 96 1027.7 481.5 S159 195 −1424.7 −481.5 S65 97 973.7 481.5 BP3 196 −1370.7 −481.5 S66 98 858.2 481.5 BP1 197 −1316.7 −481.5 S67 99 804.2 481.5 The dummy pins are connected to the segments shown (see Table 23) but are not tested. Table 23. Dummy bumps All x/y coordinates represent the position of the center of each bump with respect to the center (x/y = 0) of the chip; see Figure 32. Symbol Connected to Pin X (μm) Y (μm) D1 S131 −3079.2 −481.5 D2 S28 3065.9 −481.5 D3 S29 3121.7 481.5 D4 S130 −3094.7 481.5 The alignment marks are shown in Table 24. Table 24. Alignment marking All x/y coordinates represent the position of the REF point (see Figure 33) with respect to the center (x/y = 0) of the chip; see Figure 32. PCF85132 Product data sheet Symbol Size (μm) X (μm) Y (μm) S1 121.5 × 121.5 −2733.75 −47.25 C1 121.5 × 121.5 2603.7 −47.25 All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. Rev. 1 — 23 November 2010 © NXP B.V. 2010. All rights reserved. 47 of 54 PCF85132 NXP Semiconductors LCD driver for low multiplex rates REF S1 REF C1 001aah849 Fig 33. Alignment marks PCF85132 Product data sheet All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. Rev. 1 — 23 November 2010 © NXP B.V. 2010. All rights reserved. 48 of 54 PCF85132 NXP Semiconductors LCD driver for low multiplex rates 14. Packing information Table 25. Tray dimensions (see Figure 34) Symbol Description Value A pocket pitch in x direction 8.8 mm B pocket pitch in y direction 3.6 mm C pocket width in x direction 6.65 mm D pocket width in y direction 1.31 mm E tray width in x direction 50.8 mm F tray width in y direction 50.8 mm x number of pockets, x direction 5 y number of pockets, y direction 12 A C D B F y E x 001aah890 Fig 34. Tray details PCF85132 Product data sheet All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. Rev. 1 — 23 November 2010 © NXP B.V. 2010. All rights reserved. 49 of 54 PCF85132 NXP Semiconductors LCD driver for low multiplex rates marking code 001aaj643 Fig 35. Tray alignment 15. Abbreviations Table 26. PCF85132 Product data sheet Abbreviations Acronym Description COG Chip-On-Glass DC Direct Current HBM Human Body Model IC Integrated Circuit I2C Inter-Integrated Circuit ITO Indium Tin Oxide LCD Liquid Crystal Display LSB Least Significant Bit MM Machine Model MSB Most Significant Bit POR Power-On Reset RC Resistance and Capacitance RAM Random Access Memory RMS Root Mean Square SCL Serial Clock Line SDA Serial DAta line All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. Rev. 1 — 23 November 2010 © NXP B.V. 2010. All rights reserved. 50 of 54 PCF85132 NXP Semiconductors LCD driver for low multiplex rates 16. References [1] AN10170 — Design guidelines for COG modules with NXP monochrome LCD drivers [2] AN10706 — Handling bare die [3] IEC 60134 — Rating systems for electronic tubes and valves and analogous semiconductor devices [4] IEC 61340-5 — Protection of electronic devices from electrostatic phenomena [5] JESD22-A114 — Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) Sensitivity Testing Human Body Model (HBM) [6] JESD22-A115 — Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) Sensitivity Testing Machine Model (MM) [7] JESD78 — IC Latch-Up Test [8] JESD625-A — Requirements for Handling Electrostatic-Discharge-Sensitive (ESDS) Devices [9] NX3-00092 — NXP store and transport requirements [10] UM10204 — I2C-bus specification and user manual 17. Revision history Table 27. Revision history Document ID Release date Data sheet status Change notice Supersedes PCF85132 v.1 20101123 Product data sheet - - PCF85132 Product data sheet All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. Rev. 1 — 23 November 2010 © NXP B.V. 2010. All rights reserved. 51 of 54 PCF85132 NXP Semiconductors LCD driver for low multiplex rates 18. Legal information 18.1 Data sheet status Document status[1][2] Product status[3] Definition Objective [short] data sheet Development This document contains data from the objective specification for product development. Preliminary [short] data sheet Qualification This document contains data from the preliminary specification. Product [short] data sheet Production This document contains the product specification. [1] Please consult the most recently issued document before initiating or completing a design. [2] The term ‘short data sheet’ is explained in section “Definitions”. [3] The product status of device(s) described in this document may have changed since this document was published and may differ in case of multiple devices. The latest product status information is available on the Internet at URL http://www.nxp.com. 18.2 Definitions Draft — The document is a draft version only. The content is still under internal review and subject to formal approval, which may result in modifications or additions. NXP Semiconductors does not give any representations or warranties as to the accuracy or completeness of information included herein and shall have no liability for the consequences of use of such information. Short data sheet — A short data sheet is an extract from a full data sheet with the same product type number(s) and title. A short data sheet is intended for quick reference only and should not be relied upon to contain detailed and full information. For detailed and full information see the relevant full data sheet, which is available on request via the local NXP Semiconductors sales office. In case of any inconsistency or conflict with the short data sheet, the full data sheet shall prevail. Product specification — The information and data provided in a Product data sheet shall define the specification of the product as agreed between NXP Semiconductors and its customer, unless NXP Semiconductors and customer have explicitly agreed otherwise in writing. In no event however, shall an agreement be valid in which the NXP Semiconductors product is deemed to offer functions and qualities beyond those described in the Product data sheet. 18.3 Disclaimers Limited warranty and liability — Information in this document is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, NXP Semiconductors does not give any representations or warranties, expressed or implied, as to the accuracy or completeness of such information and shall have no liability for the consequences of use of such information. In no event shall NXP Semiconductors be liable for any indirect, incidental, punitive, special or consequential damages (including - without limitation - lost profits, lost savings, business interruption, costs related to the removal or replacement of any products or rework charges) whether or not such damages are based on tort (including negligence), warranty, breach of contract or any other legal theory. Notwithstanding any damages that customer might incur for any reason whatsoever, NXP Semiconductors’ aggregate and cumulative liability towards customer for the products described herein shall be limited in accordance with the Terms and conditions of commercial sale of NXP Semiconductors. malfunction of an NXP Semiconductors product can reasonably be expected to result in personal injury, death or severe property or environmental damage. NXP Semiconductors accepts no liability for inclusion and/or use of NXP Semiconductors products in such equipment or applications and therefore such inclusion and/or use is at the customer’s own risk. Applications — Applications that are described herein for any of these products are for illustrative purposes only. NXP Semiconductors makes no representation or warranty that such applications will be suitable for the specified use without further testing or modification. Customers are responsible for the design and operation of their applications and products using NXP Semiconductors products, and NXP Semiconductors accepts no liability for any assistance with applications or customer product design. It is customer’s sole responsibility to determine whether the NXP Semiconductors product is suitable and fit for the customer’s applications and products planned, as well as for the planned application and use of customer’s third party customer(s). Customers should provide appropriate design and operating safeguards to minimize the risks associated with their applications and products. NXP Semiconductors does not accept any liability related to any default, damage, costs or problem which is based on any weakness or default in the customer’s applications or products, or the application or use by customer’s third party customer(s). Customer is responsible for doing all necessary testing for the customer’s applications and products using NXP Semiconductors products in order to avoid a default of the applications and the products or of the application or use by customer’s third party customer(s). NXP does not accept any liability in this respect. Limiting values — Stress above one or more limiting values (as defined in the Absolute Maximum Ratings System of IEC 60134) will cause permanent damage to the device. Limiting values are stress ratings only and (proper) operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those given in the Recommended operating conditions section (if present) or the Characteristics sections of this document is not warranted. Constant or repeated exposure to limiting values will permanently and irreversibly affect the quality and reliability of the device. Terms and conditions of commercial sale — NXP Semiconductors products are sold subject to the general terms and conditions of commercial sale, as published at http://www.nxp.com/profile/terms, unless otherwise agreed in a valid written individual agreement. In case an individual agreement is concluded only the terms and conditions of the respective agreement shall apply. NXP Semiconductors hereby expressly objects to applying the customer’s general terms and conditions with regard to the purchase of NXP Semiconductors products by customer. Right to make changes — NXP Semiconductors reserves the right to make changes to information published in this document, including without limitation specifications and product descriptions, at any time and without notice. This document supersedes and replaces all information supplied prior to the publication hereof. No offer to sell or license — Nothing in this document may be interpreted or construed as an offer to sell products that is open for acceptance or the grant, conveyance or implication of any license under any copyrights, patents or other industrial or intellectual property rights. Suitability for use — NXP Semiconductors products are not designed, authorized or warranted to be suitable for use in life support, life-critical or safety-critical systems or equipment, nor in applications where failure or Export control — This document as well as the item(s) described herein may be subject to export control regulations. Export might require a prior authorization from national authorities. PCF85132 Product data sheet All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. Rev. 1 — 23 November 2010 © NXP B.V. 2010. All rights reserved. 52 of 54 PCF85132 NXP Semiconductors LCD driver for low multiplex rates Non-automotive qualified products — Unless this data sheet expressly states that this specific NXP Semiconductors product is automotive qualified, the product is not suitable for automotive use. It is neither qualified nor tested in accordance with automotive testing or application requirements. NXP Semiconductors accepts no liability for inclusion and/or use of non-automotive qualified products in automotive equipment or applications. In the event that customer uses the product for design-in and use in automotive applications to automotive specifications and standards, customer (a) shall use the product without NXP Semiconductors’ warranty of the product for such automotive applications, use and specifications, and (b) whenever customer uses the product for automotive applications beyond NXP Semiconductors’ specifications such use shall be solely at customer’s own risk, and (c) customer fully indemnifies NXP Semiconductors for any liability, damages or failed product claims resulting from customer design and use of the product for automotive applications beyond NXP Semiconductors’ standard warranty and NXP Semiconductors’ product specifications. Bare die — All die are tested on compliance with their related technical specifications as stated in this data sheet up to the point of wafer sawing and are handled in accordance with the NXP Semiconductors storage and transportation conditions. If there are data sheet limits not guaranteed, these will be separately indicated in the data sheet. There are no post-packing tests performed on individual die or wafers. NXP Semiconductors has no control of third party procedures in the sawing, handling, packing or assembly of the die. Accordingly, NXP Semiconductors assumes no liability for device functionality or performance of the die or systems after third party sawing, handling, packing or assembly of the die. It is the responsibility of the customer to test and qualify their application in which the die is used. All die sales are conditioned upon and subject to the customer entering into a written die sale agreement with NXP Semiconductors through its legal department. 18.4 Trademarks Notice: All referenced brands, product names, service names and trademarks are the property of their respective owners. I2C-bus — logo is a trademark of NXP B.V. 19. Contact information For more information, please visit: http://www.nxp.com For sales office addresses, please send an email to: [email protected] PCF85132 Product data sheet All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers. Rev. 1 — 23 November 2010 © NXP B.V. 2010. All rights reserved. 53 of 54 PCF85132 NXP Semiconductors LCD driver for low multiplex rates 20. Contents 1 General description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 2 Features and benefits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 3 Ordering information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 4 Marking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 5 Block diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 6 Pinning information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 6.1 Pinning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 6.2 Pin description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 7 Functional description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 7.1 Power-On Reset (POR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 7.2 LCD bias generator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 7.3 LCD voltage selector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 7.3.1 Electro-optical performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 7.4 LCD drive mode waveforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 7.4.1 Static drive mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 7.4.2 1:2 multiplex drive mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 7.4.3 1:3 multiplex drive mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 7.4.4 1:4 multiplex drive mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 7.5 Oscillator. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 7.5.1 Internal clock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 7.5.2 External clock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 7.6 Timing and frame frequency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 7.7 Display register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 7.8 Segment outputs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 7.9 Backplane outputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 7.10 Display RAM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 7.11 Data pointer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 7.12 Subaddress counter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 7.13 Output bank selector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 7.14 Input bank selector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 7.15 Blinker. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 7.16 Characteristics of the I2C-bus. . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 7.16.1 Bit transfer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 7.16.1.1 START and STOP conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 7.16.2 System configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 7.16.3 Acknowledge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 7.16.4 I2C-bus controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 7.16.5 Input filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 7.16.6 I2C-bus protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 7.17 Command decoder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 7.18 Display controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 8 Internal circuitry. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 9 Limiting values. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 10 Static characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 11 Dynamic characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 12 Application information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 12.1 12.1.1 12.1.2 12.2 12.3 13 14 15 16 17 18 18.1 18.2 18.3 18.4 19 20 Pull-up resistor sizing on I2C-bus. . . . . . . . . . Max value of pull-up resistor . . . . . . . . . . . . . Min value of pull-up resistor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SDA and SDAACK configuration . . . . . . . . . . Cascaded operation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bare die outline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Packing information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Legal information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Data sheet status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Disclaimers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trademarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Contact information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Contents. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 37 37 38 39 44 49 50 51 51 52 52 52 52 53 53 54 Please be aware that important notices concerning this document and the product(s) described herein, have been included in section ‘Legal information’. © NXP B.V. 2010. All rights reserved. For more information, please visit: http://www.nxp.com For sales office addresses, please send an email to: [email protected] Date of release: 23 November 2010 Document identifier: PCF85132