LM317, NCV317 1.5 A Adjustable Output, Positive Voltage Regulator The LM317 is an adjustable 3−terminal positive voltage regulator capable of supplying in excess of 1.5 A over an output voltage range of 1.2 V to 37 V. This voltage regulator is exceptionally easy to use and requires only two external resistors to set the output voltage. Further, it employs internal current limiting, thermal shutdown and safe area compensation, making it essentially blow−out proof. The LM317 serves a wide variety of applications including local, on card regulation. This device can also be used to make a programmable output regulator, or by connecting a fixed resistor between the adjustment and output, the LM317 can be used as a precision current regulator. http://onsemi.com 2 1 D2PAK−3 D2T SUFFIX CASE 936 3 Features • • • • • • • • • Output Current in Excess of 1.5 A Output Adjustable between 1.2 V and 37 V Internal Thermal Overload Protection Internal Short Circuit Current Limiting Constant with Temperature Output Transistor Safe−Area Compensation Floating Operation for High Voltage Applications Available in Surface Mount D2PAK−3, and Standard 3−Lead Transistor Package Eliminates Stocking many Fixed Voltages Pb−Free Packages are Available Heatsink surface (shown as terminal 4 in case outline drawing) is connected to Pin 2. TO−220 T SUFFIX CASE 221AB 1 2 3 Pin 1. Adjust 2. Vout 3. Vin Heatsink surface connected to Pin 2. Vin Vout LM317 R1 240 IAdj Adjust Cin* 0.1 mF ORDERING INFORMATION + C ** O 1.0 mF R2 See detailed ordering and shipping information in the package dimensions section on page 10 of this data sheet. DEVICE MARKING INFORMATION See general marking information in the device marking section on page 10 of this data sheet. **Cin is required if regulator is located an appreciable distance from power supply filter. **CO is not needed for stability, however, it does improve transient response. ǒ Ǔ R V out + 1.25V 1 ) 2 ) I R 2 Adj R1 Since IAdj is controlled to less than 100 mA, the error associated with this term is negligible in most applications. Figure 1. Standard Application © Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2006 August, 2006 − Rev. 9 1 Publication Order Number: LM317/D LM317, NCV317 MAXIMUM RATINGS Rating Symbol Value Unit VI−VO 40 Vdc PD qJA qJC Internally Limited 65 5.0 W °C/W °C/W PD qJA qJC Internally Limited 70 5.0 W °C/W °C/W Operating Junction Temperature Range TJ −55 to +150 °C Storage Temperature Range Tstg −65 to +150 °C Input−Output Voltage Differential Power Dissipation Case 221A TA = +25°C Thermal Resistance, Junction−to−Ambient Thermal Resistance, Junction−to−Case Case 936 (D2PAK−3) TA = +25°C Thermal Resistance, Junction−to−Ambient Thermal Resistance, Junction−to−Case Stresses exceeding Maximum Ratings may damage the device. Maximum Ratings are stress ratings only. Functional operation above the Recommended Operating Conditions is not implied. Extended exposure to stresses above the Recommended Operating Conditions may affect device reliability. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (VI−VO = 5.0 V; IO = 0.5 A for D2T and T packages; TJ = Tlow to Thigh (Note 1); Imax and Pmax (Note 2); unless otherwise noted.) Characteristics Figure Symbol Min Typ Max Unit − 0.01 0.04 %/V − − 5.0 0.1 25 0.5 mV % VO Line Regulation (Note 3), TA = +25°C, 3.0 V ≤ VI−VO ≤ 40 V 1 Regline Load Regulation (Note 3), TA = +25°C, 10 mA ≤ IO ≤ Imax VO ≤ 5.0 V VO ≥ 5.0 V 2 Regload Thermal Regulation, TA = +25°C (Note 4), 20 ms Pulse Regtherm − 0.03 0.07 % VO/W 3 IAdj − 50 100 mA 1, 2 DIAdj − 0.2 5.0 mA Reference Voltage, 3.0 V ≤ VI−VO ≤ 40 V, 10 mA ≤ IO ≤ Imax, PD ≤ Pmax 3 Vref 1.2 1.25 1.3 V Line Regulation (Note 3), 3.0 V ≤ VI−VO ≤ 40 V 1 Regline − 0.02 0.07 %V Load Regulation (Note 3), 10 mA ≤ IO ≤ Imax VO ≤ 5.0 V VO ≥ 5.0 V 2 Regload − − 20 0.3 70 1.5 mV % VO Temperature Stability (Tlow ≤ TJ ≤ Thigh) 3 TS − 0.7 − % VO Minimum Load Current to Maintain Regulation (VI−VO = 40 V) 3 ILmin − 3.5 10 mA Maximum Output Current VI−VO ≤ 15 V, PD ≤ Pmax, T Package VI−VO = 40 V, PD ≤ Pmax, TA = +25°C, T Package 3 Imax 1.5 0.15 2.2 0.4 − − − 0.003 − − 66 65 80 − − S − 0.3 1.0 %/1.0 k Hrs. RqJC − 5.0 − °C/W Adjustment Pin Current Adjustment Pin Current Change, 2.5 V ≤ VI−VO ≤ 40 V, 10 mA ≤ IL ≤ Imax, PD ≤ Pmax RMS Noise, % of VO, TA = +25°C, 10 Hz ≤ f ≤ 10 kHz N Ripple Rejection, VO = 10 V, f = 120 Hz (Note 5) Without CAdj CAdj = 10 mF 4 Long−Term Stability, TJ = Thigh (Note 6), TA = +25°C for Endpoint Measurements 3 Thermal Resistance Junction−to−Case, T Package A RR % VO dB 1. Tlow to Thigh = 0° to +125°C, for LM317T, D2T. Tlow to Thigh = − 40° to +125°C, for LM317BT, BD2T, Tlow to Thigh = − 55° to +150°C, for NCV317BT, BD2T. 2. Imax = 1.5 A, Pmax = 20 W 3. Load and line regulation are specified at constant junction temperature. Changes in VO due to heating effects must be taken into account separately. Pulse testing with low duty cycle is used. 4. Power dissipation within an IC voltage regulator produces a temperature gradient on the die, affecting individual IC components on the die. These effects can be minimized by proper integrated circuit design and layout techniques. Thermal Regulation is the effect of these temperature gradients on the output voltage and is expressed in percentage of output change per watt of power change in a specified time. 5. CAdj, when used, is connected between the adjustment pin and ground. 6. Since Long−Term Stability cannot be measured on each device before shipment, this specification is an engineering estimate of average stability from lot to lot. http://onsemi.com 2 LM317, NCV317 Vin 310 310 230 5.6 k 120 6.3 V 170 12 k 6.7 k 160 13 k 5.0 pF 12.4 k 125 k 200 135 6.8 k 510 6.3 V 30pF 30pF 2.4 k 105 6.3 V 190 3.6 k 5.8 k 110 4.0 12.5 k 5.1 k 0.1 Vout Adjust This device contains 29 active transistors. Figure 2. Representative Schematic Diagram VCC VIH VIL * Vin *Pulse testing required. *1% Duty Cycle *is suggested. LineRegulation(%ńV) + 0.1 mF –V | OH OL x100 |V | OL VOH VOL Vout LM317 Adjust Cin |V R1 IAdj 240 1% + CO 1.0 mF R2 1% Figure 3. Line Regulation and DIAdj/Line Test Circuit http://onsemi.com 3 RL LM317, NCV317 VI Vin LM317 Vout Adjust IL RL (max Load) 240 1% R1 * + Cin 0.1 mF RL (min Load) 1.0 mF CO IAdj VO (min Load) VO (max Load) *Pulse testing required. *1% Duty Cycle is suggested. R2 1% Load Regulation (% VO) = Load Regulation (mV) = VO (min Load) − VO (max Load) VO (min Load) − VO (max Load) VO (min Load) x 100 Figure 4. Load Regulation and DIAdj/Load Test Circuit Vin Vout LM317 IL Adjust R1 VI IAdj Cin 240 1% Vref RL + 0.1 mF CO 1.0 mF VO ISET R2 1% * Pulse testing required. * 1% Duty Cycle is suggested. To Calculate R2: Vout = ISET R2 + 1.250 V To Calculate R2: Assume ISET = 5.25 mA Figure 5. Standard Test Circuit 24 V Vin 14 V f = 120 Hz Vout LM317 Adjust Cin 240 1% R1 D1* 1N4002 0.1 mF CO R2 + 1.65 k 1% CAdj RL + 1.0 mF 10 mF *D1 Discharges CAdj if output is shorted to Ground. Figure 6. Ripple Rejection Test Circuit http://onsemi.com 4 Vout = 10 V VO LM317, NCV317 0.4 I out , OUTPUT CURRENT (A) ΔVout, OUTPUT VOLTAGE CHANGE (%) 4.0 0.2 IL = 0.5 A 0 −0.2 IL = 1.5 A −0.4 Vin = 15 V Vout = 10 V −0.6 3.0 TJ = 25°C 2.0 150°C −55°C 1.0 −0.8 −1.0 0 −50 −25 0 25 50 75 100 TJ, JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (°C) 125 0 150 10 20 30 Vin−Vout, INPUT−OUTPUT VOLTAGE DIFFERENTIAL (Vdc) Figure 7. Load Regulation 40 Figure 8. Current Limit V in−Vout, INPUT−OUTPUT VOLTAGE DIFFERENTIAL (Vdc) I Adj, ADJUSTMENT PIN CURRENT ( μA) 3.0 70 65 60 55 50 45 40 35 −50 −25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 IL = 1.5 A 2.5 1.0 A 2.0 500 mA 1.5 200 mA 20 mA 1.0 −50 −25 0 25 50 75 100 TJ, JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (°C) TJ, JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (°C) Figure 9. Adjustment Pin Current Figure 10. Dropout Voltage 125 150 5.0 IB, QUIESCENT CURRENT (mA) 1.26 Vref, REFERENCE VOLTAGE (V) DVout = 100 mV 1.25 1.24 1.23 4.5 TJ = −55°C 4.0 +25°C 3.5 +150°C 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 1.22 −50 −25 0 25 50 75 100 125 TJ, JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (°C) 0 150 0 Figure 11. Temperature Stability 10 20 30 40 Vin−Vout, INPUT−OUTPUT VOLTAGE DIFFERENTIAL (Vdc) Figure 12. Minimum Operating Current http://onsemi.com 5 LM317, NCV317 100 RR, RIPPLE REJECTION (dB) CAdj = 10 mF 120 RR, RIPPLE REJECTION (dB) 80 Without CAdj 60 40 Vin − Vout = 5 V IL = 500 mA f = 120 Hz TJ = 25°C 20 100 5.0 10 15 20 25 30 40 20 1.0 10 IO, OUTPUT CURRENT (A) Figure 13. Ripple Rejection versus Output Voltage Figure 14. Ripple Rejection versus Output Current 101 80 Z O, OUTPUT IMPEDANCE () Ω RR, RIPPLE REJECTION (dB) 0.1 Vout, OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) IL = 500 mA Vin = 15 V Vout = 10 V TJ = 25°C 60 40 20 CAdj = 10 mF Without CAdj Vin = 15 V Vout = 10 V IL = 500 mA TJ = 25°C 100 10−1 Without CAdj 10−2 CAdj = 10 mF 10−3 0 10 100 1.0 k 10 k 100 k 1.0 M 10 M 10 1.0 k 10 k 100 k f, FREQUENCY (Hz) Figure 15. Ripple Rejection versus Frequency Figure 16. Output Impedance 1.5 1.0 CL = 1.0 mF; CAdj = 10 mF 0.5 0 −0.5 Vout = 10 V IL = 50 mA TJ = 25°C −1.5 1.0 Vin 0.5 0 10 20 30 40 2.0 1.0 0 CL = 1.0 mF; CAdj = 10 mF −1.0 Vin = 15 V Vout = 10 V INL = 50 mA TJ = 25°C −2.0 CL = 0; Without CAdj 1.5 1.0 IL 0.5 0 0 10 20 30 t, TIME (ms) t, TIME (ms) Figure 17. Line Transient Response Figure 18. Load Transient Response http://onsemi.com 6 1.0 M 3.0 −3.0 CL = 0; Without CAdj IL , LOAD CURRENT (A) −1.0 0 100 f, FREQUENCY (Hz) ΔVout , OUTPUT VOLTAGE DEVIATION (V) ΔVout , OUTPUT VOLTAGE DEVIATION (V) Vin = 15 V Vout = 10 V f = 120 Hz TJ = 25°C 0 0.01 35 100 ΔV in , INPUT VOTLAGE CHANGE (V) Without CAdj 60 0 0 CAdj = 10 mF 80 40 LM317, NCV317 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION Basic Circuit Operation External Capacitors The LM317 is a 3−terminal floating regulator. In operation, the LM317 develops and maintains a nominal 1.25 V reference (Vref) between its output and adjustment terminals. This reference voltage is converted to a programming current (IPROG) by R1 (see Figure 17), and this constant current flows through R2 to ground. The regulated output voltage is given by: A 0.1 mF disc or 1.0 mF tantalum input bypass capacitor (Cin) is recommended to reduce the sensitivity to input line impedance. The adjustment terminal may be bypassed to ground to improve ripple rejection. This capacitor (CAdj) prevents ripple from being amplified as the output voltage is increased. A 10 mF capacitor should improve ripple rejection about 15 dB at 120 Hz in a 10 V application. Although the LM317 is stable with no output capacitance, like any feedback circuit, certain values of external capacitance can cause excessive ringing. An output capacitance (CO) in the form of a 1.0 mF tantalum or 25 mF aluminum electrolytic capacitor on the output swamps this effect and insures stability. ǒ Ǔ R V out + V 1 ) 2 ) I R 2 ref Adj R1 Since the current from the adjustment terminal (IAdj) represents an error term in the equation, the LM317 was designed to control IAdj to less than 100 mA and keep it constant. To do this, all quiescent operating current is returned to the output terminal. This imposes the requirement for a minimum load current. If the load current is less than this minimum, the output voltage will rise. Since the LM317 is a floating regulator, it is only the voltage differential across the circuit which is important to performance, and operation at high voltages with respect to ground is possible. Vin LM317 Vout Protection Diodes When external capacitors are used with any IC regulator it is sometimes necessary to add protection diodes to prevent the capacitors from discharging through low current points into the regulator. Figure 18 shows the LM317 with the recommended protection diodes for output voltages in excess of 25 V or high capacitance values (CO > 25 mF, CAdj > 10 mF). Diode D1 prevents CO from discharging thru the IC during an input short circuit. Diode D2 protects against capacitor CAdj discharging through the IC during an output short circuit. The combination of diodes D1 and D2 prevents CAdj from discharging through the IC during an input short circuit. Vout + R1 Vref Adjust IAdj Vref = 1.25 V Typical IPROG D1 R2 Vout 1N4002 Vin Figure 19. Basic Circuit Configuration Vout LM317 + Cin Load Regulation R1 D2 Adjust The LM317 is capable of providing extremely good load regulation, but a few precautions are needed to obtain maximum performance. For best performance, the programming resistor (R1) should be connected as close to the regulator as possible to minimize line drops which effectively appear in series with the reference, thereby degrading regulation. The ground end of R2 can be returned near the load ground to provide remote ground sensing and improve load regulation. CO 1N4002 R2 CAdj Figure 20. Voltage Regulator with Protection Diodes http://onsemi.com 7 3.5 PD(max) for TA = +50°C JUNCTION-TO-AIR (°C/W) R θ JA, THERMAL RESISTANCE 80 70 3.0 Free Air Mounted Vertically 60 ÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎ 2.0 oz. Copper L Minimum Size Pad 50 2.5 2.0 L 40 1.5 RqJA 1.0 30 30 0 5.0 10 15 20 L, LENGTH OF COPPER (mm) PD, MAXIMUM POWER DISSIPATION (W) LM317, NCV317 25 Figure 21. D2PAK Thermal Resistance and Maximum Power Dissipation versus P.C.B. Copper Length D6* 1N4002 Vin 32 V to 40 V Vin1 Vout1 RSC LM317 (1) Vin2 Vout 240 0.1 mF D1 1N4001 Adjust 1 Current Limit Adjust * Diodes D1 and D2 and transistor Q2 are added to * allow adjustment of output voltage to 0 V. * D6 protects both LM317’s during an input short circuit. 1.0K D2 1N4001 Adjust 2 5.0 k Iout Vout 2 LM317 (2) D5 IN4001 + Voltage Adjust + 1.0 mF Tantalum 10 mF 1N4001 Q1 2N3822 D3 D4 −10 V Q2 2N5640 Output Range:0 ≤ VO ≤ 25 V Output Range:0 ≤ IO ≤ 1.5 A IN4001 −10 V Figure 22. ‘‘Laboratory’’ Power Supply with Adjustable Current Limit and Output Voltage http://onsemi.com 8 LM317, NCV317 Vout +25 V LM317 Vin D1* R1 Iout 1.25 Adjust Vref R2 ≤ Adjust MPS2222 720 1.0 k 2N5640 Minimum Vout = 1.25 V VSS* * D1 protects the device during an input short circuit. Figure 23. Adjustable Current Limiter LM317 Figure 24. 5.0 V Electronic Shutdown Regulator Vin Vout MPS2907 R1 Iout 1N4001 Adjust 50 k Adjust Vout LM317 240 R2 TTL Control Vref IDDS VO < BVDSS + 1.25 V + VSS, ILmin − IDSS < IO < 1.5 A. As shown 0 < IO < 1.0 A. Vin + 1.0 mF 120 D2 1N4001 * To provide current limiting of IO to the system * ground, the source of the FET must be tied to a * negative voltage below − 1.25 V. IOmax + IDSS Vout LM317 D1 1N4001 R2 100 R1 = 1N4002 Vin + IAdj ǒ Ǔ V ref ) I Adj R1 + 1.25V R1 10 mA ≤ Iout ≤ 1.5 A I out + 10 mF Figure 25. Slow Turn−On Regulator Figure 26. Current Regulator http://onsemi.com 9 LM317, NCV317 ORDERING INFORMATION Operating Temperature Range Device Package LM317BD2T D2PAK−3 LM317BD2TG D2PAK−3 (Pb−Free) LM317BD2TR4 D2PAK−3 TJ = −40° to +125°C LM317BD2TR4G LM317BT D2PAK−3 (Pb−Free) Shipping† 50 Units / Rail 800 Tape & Reel TO−220 LM317BTG TO−220 (Pb−Free) 50 Units / Rail LM317D2T D2PAK−3 50 Units / Rail LM317D2TG D2PAK−3 (Pb−Free) LM317D2TR4 TJ = 0° to +125°C LM317D2TR4G LM317T 50 Units / Rail D2PAK−3 800 Tape & Reel D2PAK−3 (Pb−Free) 800 Tape & Reel TO−220 LM317TG TO−220 (Pb−Free) 50 Units / Rail NCV317BD2T* D2PAK−3 50 Units / Rail NCV317BD2TG* D2PAK−3 (Pb−Free) 50 Units / Rail NCV317BD2TR4* D2PAK−3 800 Tape & Reel D2PAK−3 (Pb−Free) 800 Tape & Reel TO−220 50 Units / Rail TO−220 (Pb−Free) 50 Units / Rail TJ = −55° to +150°C NCV317BD2TR4G* NCV317BT* NCV317BTG* †For information on tape and reel specifications, including part orientation and tape sizes, please refer to our Tape and Reel Packaging Specifications Brochure, BRD8011/D. *Devices are qualified for automotive use. MARKING DIAGRAMS D2PAK−3 D2T SUFFIX CASE 936 TO−220 T SUFFIX CASE 221A LM 317BD2T AWLYWWG LM 317D2T AWLYWWG NC V317BD2T AWLYWWG 2 2 2 1 A WL Y WW G 3 1 3 1 LM 317BT AWLYWWG LM 317T AWLYWWG NC V317BT AWLYWWG 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 3 = Assembly Location = Wafer Lot = Year = Work Week = Pb−Free Package http://onsemi.com 10 LM317, NCV317 PACKAGE DIMENSIONS D2PAK−3 D2T SUFFIX PLASTIC PACKAGE CASE 936−03 ISSUE B −T− K OPTIONAL CHAMFER A E U S B F 1 2 3 V H M J D 0.010 (0.254) M T NOTES: 1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI Y14.5M, 1982. 2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: INCH. 3. TAB CONTOUR OPTIONAL WITHIN DIMENSIONS A AND K. 4. DIMENSIONS U AND V ESTABLISH A MINIMUM MOUNTING SURFACE FOR TERMINAL 4. 5. DIMENSIONS A AND B DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH OR GATE PROTRUSIONS. MOLD FLASH AND GATE PROTRUSIONS NOT TO EXCEED 0.025 (0.635) MAXIMUM. TERMINAL 4 L P N G DIM A B C D E F G H J K L M N P R S U V R C SOLDERING FOOTPRINT* 8.38 0.33 1.016 0.04 10.66 0.42 5.08 0.20 3.05 0.12 17.02 0.67 SCALE 3:1 mm Ǔ ǒinches *For additional information on our Pb−Free strategy and soldering details, please download the ON Semiconductor Soldering and Mounting Techniques Reference Manual, SOLDERRM/D. http://onsemi.com 11 INCHES MIN MAX 0.386 0.403 0.356 0.368 0.170 0.180 0.026 0.036 0.045 0.055 0.051 REF 0.100 BSC 0.539 0.579 0.125 MAX 0.050 REF 0.000 0.010 0.088 0.102 0.018 0.026 0.058 0.078 5 _ REF 0.116 REF 0.200 MIN 0.250 MIN MILLIMETERS MIN MAX 9.804 10.236 9.042 9.347 4.318 4.572 0.660 0.914 1.143 1.397 1.295 REF 2.540 BSC 13.691 14.707 3.175 MAX 1.270 REF 0.000 0.254 2.235 2.591 0.457 0.660 1.473 1.981 5 _ REF 2.946 REF 5.080 MIN 6.350 MIN LM317, NCV317 PACKAGE DIMENSIONS TO−220, SINGLE GAUGE T SUFFIX PLASTIC PACKAGE CASE 221AB−01 ISSUE O −T− B SEATING PLANE C F T S 4 DIM A B C D F G H J K L N Q R S T U V Z A Q 1 2 3 U H K Z L R V NOTES: 1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI Y14.5M, 1982. 2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: INCH. 3. DIMENSION Z DEFINES A ZONE WHERE ALL BODY AND LEAD IRREGULARITIES ARE ALLOWED. J G D N INCHES MIN MAX 0.570 0.620 0.380 0.405 0.160 0.190 0.025 0.035 0.142 0.147 0.095 0.105 0.110 0.155 0.018 0.025 0.500 0.562 0.045 0.060 0.190 0.210 0.100 0.120 0.080 0.110 0.020 0.055 0.235 0.255 0.000 0.050 0.045 −−− −−− 0.080 MILLIMETERS MIN MAX 14.48 15.75 9.66 10.28 4.07 4.82 0.64 0.88 3.61 3.73 2.42 2.66 2.80 3.93 0.46 0.64 12.70 14.27 1.15 1.52 4.83 5.33 2.54 3.04 2.04 2.79 0.508 1.39 5.97 6.47 0.00 1.27 1.15 −−− −−− 2.04 ON Semiconductor and are registered trademarks of Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC (SCILLC). SCILLC reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products herein. SCILLC makes no warranty, representation or guarantee regarding the suitability of its products for any particular purpose, nor does SCILLC assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit, and specifically disclaims any and all liability, including without limitation special, consequential or incidental damages. “Typical” parameters which may be provided in SCILLC data sheets and/or specifications can and do vary in different applications and actual performance may vary over time. All operating parameters, including “Typicals” must be validated for each customer application by customer’s technical experts. SCILLC does not convey any license under its patent rights nor the rights of others. SCILLC products are not designed, intended, or authorized for use as components in systems intended for surgical implant into the body, or other applications intended to support or sustain life, or for any other application in which the failure of the SCILLC product could create a situation where personal injury or death may occur. Should Buyer purchase or use SCILLC products for any such unintended or unauthorized application, Buyer shall indemnify and hold SCILLC and its officers, employees, subsidiaries, affiliates, and distributors harmless against all claims, costs, damages, and expenses, and reasonable attorney fees arising out of, directly or indirectly, any claim of personal injury or death associated with such unintended or unauthorized use, even if such claim alleges that SCILLC was negligent regarding the design or manufacture of the part. SCILLC is an Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action Employer. 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