LTC1063 DC Accurate, Clock-Tunable 5th Order Butterworth Lowpass Filter U DESCRIPTIO FEATURES ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ Clock-Tunable Cutoff Frequency 1mV DC Offset (Typical) 80dB CMRR (Typical) Internal or External Clock 50µVRMS Clock Feedthrough 100:1 Clock-to-Cutoff Frequency Ratio 95µVRMS Total Wideband Noise 0.01% THD at 2VRMS Output Level 50kHz Maximum Cutoff Frequency Cascadable for Faster Roll-Off Operates from ±2.375 to ±8V Power Supplies Self-Clocking with 1 RC UO APPLICATI ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ Audio Strain Gauge Amplifiers Anti-Aliasing Filters Low Level Filtering Digital Voltmeters 60Hz Lowpass Filters Smoothing Filters Reconstruction Filters The filter cutoff frequency is controlled either by an internal or external clock. The clock-to-cutoff frequency ratio is 100:1. The on-board clock is power supply independent, and it is programmed via an external RC. The 50µVRMS clock feedthrough is considerably reduced over existing monolithic filters. The LTC1063 wideband noise is 95µVRMS, and it can process large AC input signals with low distortion. With ±7.5V supplies, for instance, the filter handles up to 4VRMS (92dB S/N ratio) while the standard 1kHz THD is below 0.02%; 80dB dynamic ranges (S/N +THD) is obtained with input levels between 1VRMS and 2.3VRMS. The LTC1063 is available in 8-pin miniDIP and 16-pin SOL. For a linear phase response, see LTC1065 data sheet. UO ■ S The LTC1063 is the first monolithic filter providing both clock-tunability, low DC output offset and over 12-bit DC accuracy. The frequency response of the LTC1063 closely approximates a 5th order Butterworth polynomial. With appropriate PCB layout techniques the output DC offset is typically 1mV and is constant over a wide range of clock frequencies. With ±5V supplies and ±4V input voltage range, the CMR of the device is 80dB. TYPICAL APPLICATI 2.5kHz 5th Order Lowpass Filter 8 2 7 3 –5V LTC1063 0.1µF 0 VOUT 6 *19.1k –10 5V 0.1µF 5 4 Frequency Response 10 200pF* –20 GAIN (dB) VIN** 1 –30 –40 –50 –60 * SELF-CLOCKING SCHEME –70 + ** IF THE INPUT VOLTAGE CAN EXCEED V , CONNECT A SIGNAL DIODE BETWEEN PIN 1 AND V +. 1063 TA01 –80 –90 1 10 FREQUENCY (kHz) 100 1063 TA02 1 LTC1063 W W W AXI U U ABSOLUTE RATI GS Total Supply Voltage (V + to V –) .......................... 16.5V Power Dissipation............................................. 400mW Voltage at Any Input .... (V – – 0.3V) ≤ VIN ≤ (V + + 0.3V) Burn-In Voltage ...................................................... 16V Operating Temperature Range ............... – 40°C to 85°C Storage Temperature Range ................ – 65°C to 150°C Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10 sec)................. 300°C U W U PACKAGE/ORDER I FOR ATIO ORDER PART NUMBER TOP VIEW VIN 1 8 VOS ADJ GND 2 7 VOUT V– 3 6 V+ CLK OUT 4 5 CLK IN J8 PACKAGE 8-LEAD CERAMIC DIP TOP VIEW NC 1 16 VOS ADJ VIN 2 15 NC 14 VOUT GND 3 LTC1063CN8 LTC1063CJ8 LTC1063MJ8 N8 PACKAGE 8-LEAD PLASTIC DIP V– LTC1063CS 13 NC NC 4 12 5 V+ NC 6 11 NC NC 7 10 NC 9 CLK OUT 8 ORDER PART NUMBER CLK IN S PACKAGE 16-LEAD PLASTIC SOL TJMAX = 150°C, θJA = 100°C/W (J) TJMAX = 100°C, θJA = 110°C/W (N) TJMAX = 100°C, θJA = 85°C/W ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS VS = ±5V, fCLK = 500kHz, fC = 5kHz, RL = 10k, TA = 25°C, unless otherwise specified. PARAMETER Clock-to-Cutoff Frequency Ratio (fCLK / fC) Maximum Clock Frequency (Note 1) Minimum Clock Frequency (Note 2) Input Frequency Range Filter Gain CONDITIONS ±2.375V ≤ VS ≤ ±7.5V VS = ±7.5V VS = ±5V VS = ±2.5V ±2.5V ≤ VS ≤ ±7.5V, TA < 85°C MIN 0 VS = ±5V, fCLK = 25kHz, fC = 250Hz fIN = 250Hz ● VS = ±5V, fCLK = 500kHz, fC = 5kHz fIN = 100Hz fIN = 1kHz = 0.2fC ● fIN = 2.5kHz = 0.5fC ● fIN = 4kHz = 0.8fC ● fIN = 5kHz = fC ● fIN = 20kHz = 4fC ● 2 TYP 100 ± 0.5 5 4 3 30 MAX UNITS MHz MHz MHz Hz 0.9fCLK – 3.5 – 3.6 – 3.0 – 3.0 – 2.5 – 2.4 dB dB – 0.06 – 0.075 – 0.09 – 0.14 – 0.5 – 0.6 – 3.5 – 3.6 – 57.5 – 57.0 0 – 0.01 – 0.01 0.16 0.16 – 0.2 – 0.2 – 3.0 – 3.0 – 60.0 – 60.0 0.04 0.055 0.41 0.46 0.1 0.2 – 2.5 – 2.4 – 62.0 – 62.5 dB dB dB dB dB dB dB dB dB dB dB LTC1063 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS VS = ±5V, fCLK = 500kHz, fC = 5kHz, RL = 10k, TA = 25°C, unless otherwise specified. PARAMETER Filter Gain CONDITIONS VS = ±2.375V, fCLK = 500kHz, fC = 5kHz fIN = 1kHz ● fIN = 2.5kHz ● fIN = 4kHz ● fIN = 5kHz ● Clock Feedthrough Wideband Noise (Note 3) THD + Wideband Noise (Note 4) Filter Output ± DC Swing ±2.375 ≤ VS ≤ ±7.5V ±2.375 ≤ VS ≤ ±7.5V, 1Hz < f < fCLK VS = ±7.5V, fC = 20kHz, fIN = 1kHz, 1VRMS ≤ VIN ≤ 2.3VRMS VS = ±2.375V ● VS = ±5V ● VS = ±7.5V ● Input Bias Current Dynamic Input Impedance Output DC Offset (Note 5) Output DC Offset Drift Self-Clocking Frequency (fOSC) External CLK Pin Logic Thresholds Power Supply Current VS = ±2.375V VS = ±5V VS = ±7.5V VS = ±2.375V VS = ±5V VS = ±7.5V R (Pin 4 to 5) = 20k, C (Pin 5 to GND) = 470pF VS = ±2.375V LTC1063CN, CS, CJ LTC1063MJ VS = ±5V LTC1063CN, CS, CJ LTC1063MJ VS = ±7.5V LTC1063CN, CS, CJ LTC1063MJ Min Logical “1” VS = ±2.375V Max Logical “0” Min Logical “1” VS = ±5V Max Logical “0” VS = ±7.5V Min Logical “1” Max Logical “0” VS = ±2.375V, fCLK = 500kHz LTC1063CN, CS, CJ LTC1063MJ VS = ±5V, fCLK = 500kHz LTC1063CN, CS, CJ LTC1063MJ VS = ±7.5V, fCLK = 500kHz LTC1063CN, CS, CJ LTC1063MJ MIN TYP MAX – 0.066 – 0.081 – 0.24 – 0.29 – 0.6 – 0.7 – 3.5 – 3.6 0.004 0.004 0.16 0.16 – 0.2 – 0.2 – 3.0 – 3.0 50 100 –80 0.074 0.089 0.56 0.61 0.2 0.3 – 2.5 – 2.4 1.6/– 2.0 1.4/– 1.8 4.0/– 4.5 3.8/– 4.3 6.5/– 7.0 6.3/– 6.8 ● ● ● ● ● ● 99 95 92 102 98 97 104 101 100 4.3/– 4.8 6.8/– 7.3 105 103 100 108 106 105 110 109 108 1.43 0.47 3 1 4.5 1.5 2.7 ● ● 5.5 ● ● 7.0 ● ● dB dB dB dB dB dB dB dB µVRMS µVRMS dB 1.7/– 2.2 10 800 2 0 –4 10 20 25 UNITS ±5 112 111 108 114 114 114 116 116 116 4.0 5.5 6.0 8 11 12 11 14.5 16.0 V V V V V V nA MΩ mV mV mV µV/°C µV/°C µV/°C kHz kHz kHz kHz kHz kHz kHz kHz kHz V V V V V V mA mA mA mA mA mA mA mA mA 3 LTC1063 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS The ● denotes specifications which apply over the full operating temperature range. Note 1: The maximum clock frequency criterion is arbitrarily defined as: The frequency at which the filter AC response exhibits ≥ 1dB of gain peaking. Note 2: At limited temperature ranges (i.e., TA ≤ 50°C) the minimum clock frequency can be as low as 10Hz. The minimum clock frequency is arbitrarily defined as: the clock frequency at which the output DC offset changes by more than 1mV. Note 3: The wideband noise specification does not include the clock feedthrough. Note 4: To properly evaluate the filter’s harmonic distortion an inverting output buffer is recommended as shown in the Test Circuit. An output buffer is not necessarily needed when measuring output DC offset or wideband noise. Note 5: The output DC offset is optimized for ±5V supply. The output DC offset shifts when the power supplies change; however this phenomenon is repeatable and predictable. U W TYPICAL PERFOR A CE CHARACTERISTICS Output Offset vs Clock, Low Clock Rates Self-Clocking Frequency vs R 110 Output Offset vs Clock, Medium Clock Rates 5 50 100 45 VS = ±5V 4 40 A: TA = 25°C B: TA = 85°C 3 VS = ±7.5V 5 4 80 R C = 200pF fOSC ≅ 1/RC 70 C 60 50 40 OUTPUT OFFSET (mV) 35 30 25 20 15 30 10 20 5 10 100 300 FREQUENCY (kHz) 0 500 1 –1 –2 –5 10 110 EXTERNAL CLOCK FREQUENCY (Hz) 210 10 0 0 0 –10 –10 –10 –20 –20 –50 GAIN (dB) –40 C A. fCLK = 0.5MHz B. fCLK = 1MHz C. fCLK = 2MHz –60 A –40 B C D A. fCLK = 1MHz B. fCLK = 2MHz C. fCLK = 3MHz D. fCLK = 4MHz –50 10 INPUT FREQUENCY (kHz) 100 200 1063 G04 E A. fCLK = 1MHz B. fCLK = 2MHz C. fCLK = 3MHz D. fCLK = 4MHz E. fCLK = 5MHz –40 –50 –70 VIN = 2.5VRMS TA = 25°C –80 –90 1 B C –30 –60 VIN = 1.5VRMS TA = 25°C –80 –90 4 –30 –70 VIN = 750mVRMS TA = 25°C –80 D A –20 –60 –70 500 1000 EXTERNAL CLOCK FREQUENCY (kHz) Gain vs Frequency; VS = ±7.5V 10 B 0 1063 G03 Gain vs Frequency; VS = ±5V Gain vs Frequency; VS = ±2.5V A VS = ±2.5V 1063 G02 10 –30 VS = ±5V 0 –4 A 1063 G01 GAIN (dB) 2 –3 B GAIN (dB) R PINS 4 TO 5 (kΩ) 90 OUTPUT OFFSET (mV) LTC1063 –90 1 10 INPUT FREQUENCY (kHz) 100 200 1063 G05 1 10 INPUT FREQUENCY (kHz) 100 200 1063 G06 LTC1063 U W TYPICAL PERFOR A CE CHARACTERISTICS THD vs Frequency; VS = Single 5V THD + Noise vs Input Voltage; VS = Single 5V 1 1 1 fIN = 1kHz, TA = 25°C 5 REPRESENTATIVE UNITS VIN = 0.75VRMS fC = 5kHz, fCLK = 500kHz S/N = 78dB, TA = 25°C 5 REPRESENTATIVE UNITS THD + NOISE (%) 0.1 fIN = 1kHz, TA = 25°C 5 REPRESENTATIVE UNITS 0.1 THD (%) THD + NOISE (%) THD + Noise vs Input Voltage; VS = ±5V B A 0.01 0.01 0.1 B A 0.01 A. fC = 5kHz, fCLK = 0.5MHz B. fC = 10kHz, fCLK = 1MHz A. fC = 10kHz, fCLK = 1MHz B. fC = 20kHz, fCLK = 2MHz 0.001 0.001 0.1 1 1 5 2 3 FREQUENCY (kHz) INPUT (VRMS) 5 4 0.001 0.1 1 INPUT (VRMS) 1063 G08 1063 G07 1063 G09 THD + Noise vs Input Voltage; VS = ±7.5V THD vs Frequency; VS = ±5V THD vs Frequency; VS = ±7.5V 1 1 1 fIN = 1kHz, TA = 25°C 5 REPRESENTATIVE UNITS THD (%) 0.01 VIN = 2.5VRMS fC = 10kHz, fCLK = 1MHz S/N = 88dB, TA = 25°C 5 REPRESENTATIVE UNITS 0.1 0.1 THD (%) THD + NOISE (%) VIN = 1.5VRMS fC = 10kHz, fCLK = 1MHz S/N = 83.5dB, TA = 25°C 5 REPRESENTATIVE UNITS 0.1 5 B A 0.01 0.01 A. fC = 10kHz, fCLK = 1MHz B. fC = 20kHz, fCLK = 2MHz 0.001 0.1 0.001 10 5 FREQUENCY (kHz) 0.001 1 –60 –2 PHASE B –100 PHASE –140 –3 –180 –4 –5 fCLK =100kHz fC =1kHz –6 100 fCLK =1MHz fC =10kHz 1k 10k INPUT FREQUENCY (Hz) –220 –260 100k 1063 G13 PHASE MISMATCH (±DEG) –1 1.0 PHASE (DEG) PASSBAND GAIN (dB) 1.1 –20 B Power Supply Current vs Power Supply Voltage 1.2 0 0 A 1063 G12 Phase Matching ±2.5V ≤ VS ≤ ±7.5V, TA = 25°C 0.9 10 VS = ± 7.5V VIN = 1VRMS fCLK = 2MHz fC = 20kHz –40°C 9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 8 7 25°C 6 85°C 5 4 3 2 1 0.1 0 10 5 FREQUENCY (kHz) 1063 G11 Passband Gain and Phase vs Input Frequency A 1 INPUT (VRMS) 1063 G10 1 5 POWER SUPPLY CURRENT (mA) 1 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 INPUT FREQUENCY (kHz) 1063 G14 0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 TOTAL POWER SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) 1063 G15 5 LTC1063 U W TYPICAL PERFOR A CE CHARACTERISTICS Transient Response HORIZONTAL: 0.1ms/DIV, VERTICAL: 2V/DIV VS = ±5V, fC = 10kHz, VIN = 1kHz ±3VP SQUARE WAVE 1063 G16 U U U PI FU CTIO S Power Supply Pins (Pins 6, 3, N Package) The positive and negative supply pin should be bypassed with a high quality 0.1µF ceramic capacitor. In applications where the clock pin (5) is externally swept to provide several cutoff frequencies, the output DC offset variation is minimized by connecting an additional 1µF solid tantalum capacitor in parallel with the 0.1µF disc ceramic. This technique was used to generate the graphs of the output DC offset variation versus clock; they are illustrated in the Typical Performance Characteristics section. When the power supply voltage exceeds ±7V, and when V – is applied before V +, if V+ is allowed to go below ground, connect a signal diode between the positive supply pin and ground to prevent latch-up (see Typical Applications). Ground Pin (Pin 2, N Package) The ground pin merges the internal analog and digital ground paths. The potential of the ground pin is the reference for the internal switched-capacitor resistors, and the reference for the external clock. The positive input of the internal op amp is also tied to the ground pin. For dual supply operation, the ground pin should be connected to a high quality AC and DC ground. A ground plane, if possible, should be used. A poor ground will degrade DC offset and it will increase clock feedthrough, noise and distortion. A small amount of AC current flows out of the ground pin whether or not the internal oscillator is used. The fre- 6 quency of the ground current equals the frequency of the internal or external clock. The average value of this current is approximately 55µA, 110µA, 170µA for ±2.5V, ±5V and ±7.5V supplies respectively. For single supply operation, the ground pin should be preferably biased at half supply (see Typical Applications). VOS Adjust Pin (Pin 8, N Package) The VOS adjust pin can be used to trim any small amount of output DC offset voltage or to introduce a desired output DC level. The DC gain from the VOS adjust pin to the filter output pin equals two. Any DC voltage applied to this pin will reflect at the output pin of the filter multiplied by two. If the VOS adjust pin is not used, it should be shorted to the ground pin. The DC bias current flowing into the VOS adjust pin is typically 10pA. Pin 8 should always be connected to an AC ground; AC signals applied to this pin will degrade the filter response. Input Pin (Pin 1, N Package) Pin 1 is the filter input and it is connected to an internal switched-capacitor resistor. If the input pin is left floating, the filter output will saturate. The DC input impedance of pin 1 is very high; with ±5V supplies and 1MHz clock, the DC input impedance is typically 1GΩ. A resistor, RIN, in series, with the input pin will not alter the value of the LTC1063 U U U PI FU CTIO S filter’s DC output offset (Figure 1). RIN should, however, be limited to a maximum value (Table 1), otherwise the filter’s passband flatness will be affected. Refer to the Applications Information section for more details. VIN RIN 1 8 7 2 3 V– LTC1063 VOUT 6 V+ 5 f CLK 4 1063 F01 Figure 1. Clock Output Pin (Pin 4, N Package) Any external clock applied to the clock input pin appears at the clock output pin. The duty cycle of the clock output equals the duty cycle of the external clock applied to the clock input pin. The clock output pin swings to the power supply rails. When the LTC1063 is used in a self-clocking mode, the clock of the internal oscillator appears at the clock output pin with a 30% duty cycle. The clock output pin can be used to drive other LTC1063s or other ICs. The maximum capacitance, CL(MAX), the clock output pin can drive is illustrated in Figure 3. Table 1. RIN(MAX) vs Clock and Power Supply 200 VS = ±7.5V VS = ±5V VS = ±2.5V fCLK = 4MHz 2.2k – – fCLK = 3MHz 3.4k 2.9k – fCLK = 2MHz fCLK = 1MHz fCLK = 500kHz fCLK = 100kHz 5.5k 11k 24k 120k 5k 11k 23k 120k 2.7k 9.2k 21k 110k MAXIMUM LOAD CAPACITANCE (pF ) RIN(MAX) Pin 7 is the filter output. This pin can typically source over 20mA and sink 2mA. Pin 7 should not drive long coax cables, otherwise the filter’s total harmonic distortion will degrade. 140 120 VS = ±5V 100 VS = ±7.5V 80 60 40 20 3 2 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 CLOCK FREQUENCY (MHz) 1 1063 F03 Figure 3. Maximum Load Capacitance at the Clock Output Pin TEST CIRCUIT Clock Input Pin (Pin 5, N Package) An external clock when applied to pin 5 tunes the filter cutoff frequency. The clock-to-cutoff frequency ratio is 100:1. The high (VHIGH) and low (VLOW) clock logic threshold levels are illustrated in Table 2. Square wave clocks with duty cycles between 30% and 50% are strongly recommended. Sinewave clocks are not recommended. + Table 2. Clock Pin Threshold Levels VIN 1 4 – 8 2 V– VLOW 0.5V 1V 1.5V 1.6V 3V 7.2V 9V VOUT LT1022 3 VHIGH 1.5V 3V 4.5V 4.8V 4V 9.6V 12V TA = 25°C VS = ±2.5V 160 0 Output Pin (Pin 7, N Package) POWER SUPPLY VS = ±2.5V VS = ±5V VS = ±7.5V VS = ±8V VS = 5V, 0V VS = 12, 0V VS =15V, 0V 180 7 LTC1063 50k 50k 6 V+ 5 0.1µF 20pF 0.1µF CLOCK IN 1063 TC01 Figure 2. Test Circuit for THD 7 LTC1063 W U U UO APPLICATI S I FOR ATIO The LTC1063 features an internal oscillator which can be tuned via an external RC. The LTC1063’s internal oscillator is primarily intended for generation of clock frequencies below 500kHz. The first curve of the Typical Performance Characteristics section shows how to quickly choose the value of the RC for a given frequency. More precisely, the frequency of the internal oscillator is equal to: fCLK = K/RC For clock frequencies (fCLK) below 100kHz, K equals 1.07. Figure 4b shows the variation of the parameter K versus clock frequency and power supply. First choose the desired clock frequency, (fCLK < 500kHz), then through Figure 4b pick the right value of K, set C = 200pF and solve for R. Note a 4pF parasitic capacitance is assumed in parallel with the external 200pF timing capacitor. Figure 5 shows the clock frequency variation from – 40°C to 85°C. The 200kHz clock of Example 1 will change by –1.75% at 85°C. 4 C = 200pF 3 fCLK CHANGE NORMALIZED TO ITS 25°C VALUE (%) Self-Clocking Operation 2 R = (1.0)/(200kHz × 204pF) = 24.5k. VIN 8 1 7 2 3 V– LTC1063 6 VOUT V+ 5 4 1 VS = ±7.5V 0 TA = 85°C –1 VS = ±7.5V –2 C 1063 F03a Figure 4a. –4 0 100 300 400 200 CLOCK FREQUENCY (kHz) 500 1063 F05 Figure 5. fCLK vs Temperature For a very limited temperature range, the internal oscillator of the LTC1063 can be used to generate clock frequencies above 500kHz (Figures 6 and 7). The data of Figure 6 is derived from several devices. For a given external (RC) value, the observed device-to-device clock frequency variation was ±1% (VS = ±5V), and ±1.25% for VS = ±2.5V. fCUTOFF = 20kHz, fCLK = 2MHz, VS = ±7.5V, TA = 25°C, C = 10pF from Figure 6, K = 0.575, and, R = (0.575)/(2MHz × 14pF) = 20.5k. 0.80 1.25 1.15 VS = ±5V VS = ±2.5V –3 Example 2: R 1.20 VS = ±5V VS = ±2.5V Example 1: fCUTOFF = 2kHz, fCLK = 200kHz, VS = ±5V, TA = 25°C, K = 1.0, C = 200pF then, TA = –40°C FCLK = K/RC C = 200pF TA = 25°C fCLK = K/RC C = 10pF TA = 25°C 0.75 0.70 1.10 0.65 1.00 VS = ±7.5V K K 1.05 0.95 0.50 VS = ±2.5V VS = ±2.5V 0.45 0.80 0.75 VS = ±5V 0.55 0.90 0.85 VS = ±7.5V 0.60 VS = ±5V 400 100 300 500 200 INTERNAL CLOCK FREQUENCY (kHz) 0.40 0.5 1.0 2.0 2.5 1.5 CLOCK FREQUENCY (MHz) 1063 F04b Figure 4b. fCLK vs K 8 3.0 1063 F05 Figure 6. fCLK vs K LTC1063 W U U UO APPLICATI S I FOR ATIO 0.80 Common-Mode Rejection Ratio fCLK = K/RC C = 10pF TA = 70°C 0.75 0.70 The common-mode rejection ratio is defined as the change of the output DC offset with respect to the DC change of the input voltage applied to the filter. K 0.65 0.60 CMRR = 20log (∆VOS OUT /∆VIN)(dB) VS = ±7.5V 0.55 VS = ±5V 0.50 0.45 0.40 0.5 VS = ±2.5V 1.0 2.0 2.5 1.5 CLOCK FREQUENCY (MHz) 3.0 Table 3 illustrates the common-mode rejection for three power supplies and three temperatures. The commonmode rejection improves if the output offset is adjusted to approximately 0V. The output offset can be adjusted via pin 8 (N package) (see Typical Applications). 1063 F06 Figure 7. fCLK vs K A 4pF parasitic capacitance is assumed in parallel with the external 10pF capacitor. A ±1% clock frequency variation from device to device can be expected. The 2MHz clock frequency designed above will typically drift to 1.74MHz at 70°C (Figure 7). The internal clock of the LTC1063 can be overridden by an external clock provided that the external clock source can drive the timing capacitor, C, which is connected from the clock input pin to ground. Output Offset The DC output offset of the LTC1063 is trimmed to typically less than ±1mV . The trimming is done at VS = ±5V. To obtain optimum DC offset performance, appropriate PC layout techniques should be used and the filter IC should be soldered to the PC board. A socket will degrade the output DC offset by typically 1mV. The output DC offset is sensitive to the coupling of the clock output pin 4 (N package) to the negative power supply pin 3 (N package). The negative supply pin should be well decoupled. When the surface mount package is used, all the unused pins should be grounded. When the power supplies are fixed, the output DC offset should not change by more than ±100µV over 10Hz to 1MHz clock frequency variation. When the filter clock frequency is fixed, the output DC offset will typically change by – 4mV (2mV) when the power supply varies from ±5V to ±7.5V (±2.5V). See Typical Performance Characteristics. Table 3. CMRR Data, fCLK = 100kHz POWER SUPPLY ∆VIN – 40°C 25°C 85°C 25°C (VOS Nulled) ±2.5V ±1.8V 76dB 78dB 76dB 85dB ±5V ±4V 74dB 79dB 75dB 82dB ±7.5V ±6V 70dB 72dB 74dB 76dB The above data is valid for clock frequencies up to 800kHz, 900kHz, 1MHz, for VS = ±2.5V, ±5V, ±7.5V respectively. Clock Feedthrough Clock feedthrough is defined as the RMS value of the clock frequency and its harmonics which are present at the filter’s output pin. The clock feedthrough is tested with the filter input grounded and it depends on the quality of the PC board layout and power supply decoupling. Any parasitic switching transients, during the rise and fall of the incoming clock, are not part of the clock feedthrough specifications; their amplitude strongly depends on scope probing techniques as well as ground quality and power supply bypassing. For a power supply VS = ±5V, the clock feedthrough of the LTC1063 is 50µVRMS; for VS = ±7.5V, the clock feedthrough approaches 75µVRMS. Figure 8 shows a typical scope photo of the LTC1063 output pin when the input pin is grounded. The filter cutoff frequency was 1kHz, while scope bandwidth was chosen to be 1MHz such as switching transients above the 100kHz clock frequency will show. Wideband Noise The wideband noise of the filter is the RMS value of the device’s output noise spectral density. The wideband noise data is used to determine the operating signal-to- 9 LTC1063 U W U UO APPLICATI S I FOR ATIO noise ratio at a given distortion level. The wideband noise (µVRMS) is nearly independent of the value of the clock frequency and excludes the clock feedthrough. The LTC1063’s typical wideband noise is 95µVRMS. Figure 9 shows the same scope photo as Figure 8 but with a more sensitive vertical scale: The clock feedthrough is imbedded in the filter’s wideband noise. The peak-to-peak wideband noise of the filter can be clearly seen; it is approximately 500µVP-P. Note that 500µVP-P equals the 95µVRMS wideband noise of the part, multiplied by a crest factor or 5.25. Aliasing Aliasing is an inherent phenomenon of sampled data filters and it primarily occurs when the frequency of an input signal approaches the sampling frequency. For the LTC1063, an input signal whose frequency is in the range of fCLK ±6% will generate an alias signal into the filter’s passband and stopband. Table 4 shows details. LTC1063, fCLK = 20kHz, fC = 200kHz, fIN = (19.6kHz, 100mVRMS) fALIAS = (400Hz, 3.16mVRMS) Example: An input RC can be used to attenuate incoming signals close to the filter clock frequency (Figure 10). A Butterworth passband response will be maintained if the value of the input resistor follows Table 1. 5mV/DIV Table 4. Aliasing Data INPUT FREQUENCY 2µs/DIV fCLK = 100kHz, fC = 1kHz, VS = ±5V, 1MHz SCOPE BW 1063 F08 0.5mV/DIV Figure 8. LTC1063 Output Clock Feedthrough + Noise 0.0005 fCLK 0.005 fCLK 0.01 fCLK 0.0125 fCLK 0.015 fCLK 0.0175 fCLK 0.02 fCLK 0.025 fCLK 0.03 fCLK 0.035 fCLK 0.04 fCLK 0.045 fCLK 0.05 fCLK 0.06 fCLK 0.07 fCLK 0.1 fCLK R VIN C 2µs/DIV fCLK = 100kHz, fC = 1kHz, VS = ±5V, 1MHz SCOPE BW OUTPUT FREQUENCY 0.9995fCLK 0.995 fCLK 0.99 fCLK 0.9875fCLK 0.985 fCLK 0.9825fCLK 0.98 fCLK 0.975 fCLK 0.97 fCLK 0.965 fCLK 0.96 fCLK 0.955 fCLK 0.95 fCLK 0.94 fCLK 0.93 fCLK 0.9 fCLK OUTPUT AMPLITUDE REFERENCED TO INPUT SIGNAL 8 1 7 2 V– 3 0.1µF 4 0 dB 0 dB – 3 dB – 10.2 dB – 17.7 dB – 24.3 dB – 30 dB – 40 dB – 48 dB – 54.5 dB – 60.4 dB – 65.5 dB – 70.16 dB – 78.25 dB – 85.3 dB – 100.3 dB LTC1063 VOUT 6 V+ 1063 F09 Figure 9. LTC1063 Output Clock Feedthrough + Noise 5 1 f fCLK ≤ ≤ CLK 20 2πRC 10 fCLK 0.1µF 1063 F10 Figure 10. Adding an Input Anti-Aliasing RC 10 LTC1063 W U U UO APPLICATI S I FOR ATIO 100 Group Delay 90 The group delay of the LTC1063 closely approximates the delay of an ideal 5-pole Butterworth lowpass filter (Figure 11, Curve A). To linearize the group delay of the LTC1063 (Figure 11, Curve B), use an input resistor about six times higher than the maximum value of RIN, shown in Table 1. The passband response of the group delay corrected filter approximates a 5-pole Bessel response while its transition band rolls off like a Butterworth. (A) LTC1063 BUTTERWORTH 80 (ms) 70 (B) GROUP DELAY CORRECTED 60 50 40 30 20 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 INPUT FREQUENCY (kHz) 9 10 1063 F10 Figure 11. Group Delay UO TYPICAL APPLICATI S Adjusting VOS(OUT) for ±7.5 Supply Operation Single 5V Supply Operation (fC = 3.4kHz) 7.5V 10k 5V VIN 4.99k 1µF TANT + 1 8 2 7 0.1µF LTC1063 3 4.53k 6 5 4 10k LT1009 VOUT VIN 5V 0.1µF V– –7.5V 13k 200pF 1063 TA03 1µF TANT 1 8 2 7 3 LTC1063 VOUT V+ 7.5V 6 5 4 + ≅2.5mV fCLK 0.1µF 0.1µF * * OPTIONAL, 1N4148 1063 TA07 Cascading Two LTC1063s for Steeper Roll-Off VIN* 1 8 2 7 3 –5V LTC1063 Sharing Clock for Multichannel Applications VIN* 5V 3 –5V 0.1µF C LTC1063 8 2 7 3 –5V 4 LTC1063 5V 0.1µF 0.1µF R 1 VOUT 6 5 4 0.1µF R 7 2 6 5 4 8 1 VIN* VOUT 6 3 0.1µF fC ≅ (1/RC)(1/100) WIDEBAND NOISE = 140µVRMS ATTENUATION AT f = 2fC = 60dB * IF THE INPUT VOLTAGE CAN EXCEED V +, CONNECT A SIGNAL DIODE BETWEEN PIN 1 AND V +. 7 2 5 0.1µF 8 1 5V –5V C LTC1063 4 VOUT 6 0.1µF 1063 TA04 * IF THE INPUT VOLTAGE CAN EXCEED V +, CONNECT A SIGNAL DIODE BETWEEN PIN 1 AND V +. Information furnished by Linear Technology Corporation is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed for its use. Linear Technology Corporation makes no representation that the interconnection of its circuits as described herein will not infringe on existing patent rights. 5V 5 0.1µF 1063 TA05 11 LTC1063 UO TYPICAL APPLICATI S Low Noise DC Accurate Clock-Tunable Notch R1 10k ± 0.1% 1 8 2 7 3 –5V 1µF TANT LTC1063 0 fCLK 0.1µF • fNOTCH = LT1007 + V+ 5V 6 5 4 + – R2 9.53k ±0.1% 0.1µF –10 GAIN (dB) VIN fCLK 119.04 81Hz –20 –30 –40 –50 • NOTCH DEPTH > 50dB (LTC1063)VOS • OUPUT DC OFFSET = ≅ 500µV 2 • OUTPUT NOISE = 50µVRMS fNOTCH 10.4 = • f(–20dB)BW 1 fCLK = 100kHz fn = 840Hz –60 –70 215 U PACKAGE DESCRIPTIO 340 465 590 715 840 965 1090 INPUT FREQUENCY (Hz) J8 Package, 8-Lead Ceramic DIP 0.200 (5.080) MAX 0.008 – 0.018 (0.203 – 0.457) 0.015 – 0.060 (0.381 – 1.524) 0.023 – 0.045 (0.584 – 1.143) HALF LEAD OPTION 0.045 – 0.068 (1.143 – 1.727) FULL LEAD OPTION 0° – 15° 1063 TA06 0.405 (10.287) MAX 0.005 (0.127) MIN 8 6 7 5 0.025 (0.635) RAD TYP 0.045 – 0.068 (1.143 – 1.727) 0.014 – 0.026 (0.360 – 0.660) 0.385 ± 0.025 (9.779 ± 0.635) 1340 1465 Dimensions in inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted. CORNER LEADS OPTION (4 PLCS) 0.290 – 0.320 (7.366 – 8.128) 1215 0.220 – 0.310 (5.588 – 7.874) 0.125 3.175 0.100 ± 0.010 MIN (2.540 ± 0.254) 1 2 3 4 NOTE: LEAD DIMENSIONS APPLY TO SOLDER DIP OR TIN PLATE LEADS. N8 Package, 8-Lead Plastic DIP 0.300 – 0.320 (7.620 – 8.128) 0.045 – 0.065 (1.143 – 1.651) ( +0.025 0.325 –0.015 +0.635 –0.381 8 6 5 0.250 ± 0.010 (6.350 ± 0.254) 0.125 (3.175) MIN 0.045 ± 0.015 (1.143 ± 0.381) ) 0.100 ± 0.010 (2.540 ± 0.254) 0.020 (0.508) MIN 1 16 0.093 – 0.104 (2.362 – 2.642) 4 3 0.398 – 0.413 (10.109 – 10.490) S Package, 16-Lead SOL 0.010 – 0.029 × 45° (0.254 – 0.737) 2 0.018 ± 0.003 (0.457 ± 0.076) 0.291 – 0.299 (7.391 – 7.595) 0.005 (0.127) RAD MIN 7 0.065 (1.651) TYP 0.009 – 0.015 (0.229 – 0.381) 8.255 0.400 (10.160) MAX 0.130 ± 0.005 (3.302 ± 0.127) 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 0.037 – 0.045 (0.940 – 1.143) 0° – 8° TYP SEE NOTE 0.009 – 0.013 (0.229 – 0.330) SEE NOTE 0.016 – 0.050 (0.406 – 1.270) 0.050 (1.270) TYP 0.014 – 0.019 (0.356 – 0.482) TYP NOTE: PIN 1 IDENT, NOTCH ON TOP AND CAVITIES ON THE BOTTOM OF PACKAGES ARE THE MANUFACTURING OPTIONS. THE PART MAY BE SUPPLIED WITH OR WITHOUT ANY OF THE OPTIONS. 12 Linear Technology Corporation 0.394 – 0.419 (10.007 – 10.643) 0.004 – 0.012 (0.102 – 0.305) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 LT/GP 0493 10K REV 0 1630 McCarthy Blvd., Milpitas, CA 95035-7487 (408) 432-1900 ● FAX: (408) 434-0507 ● TELEX: 499-3977 LINEAR TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION 1993