MIC5207 Micrel MIC5207 180mA Low-Noise LDO Regulator General Description Features The MIC5207 is an efficient linear voltage regulator with ultralow-noise output, very low dropout voltage (typically 17mV at light loads and 165mV at 150mA), and very low ground current (720µA at 100mA output). The MIC5207 offers better than 3% initial accuracy. • • • • • • • • • • • Designed especially for hand-held, battery-powered devices, the MIC5207 includes a CMOS or TTL compatible enable/ shutdown control input. When shutdown, power consumption drops nearly to zero. Key MIC5207 features include a reference bypass pin to improve its already low-noise performance, reversed-battery protection, current limiting, and overtemperature shutdown. The MIC5207 is available in fixed and adjustable output voltage versions in a small SOT-23-5 package. Contact Micrel for details. Ultra-low-noise output High output voltage accuracy Guaranteed 180mA output Low quiescent current Low dropout voltage Extremely tight load and line regulation Very low temperature coefficient Current and thermal limiting Reverse-battery protection “Zero” off-mode current Logic-controlled electronic enable Applications • • • • • • • For low-dropout regulators that are stable with ceramic output capacitors, see the µCap MIC5245/6/7 family. Cellular telephones Laptop, notebook, and palmtop computers Battery-powered equipment PCMCIA VCC and VPP regulation/switching Consumer/personal electronics SMPS post-regulator/dc-to-dc modules High-efficiency linear power supplies Ordering Information Part Number* Marking Voltage Junction Temp. Range Package MIC5207BM5 LEAA Adj –40°C to +125°C SOT-23-5 MIC5207-1.8BM5 LE18 1.8 0°C to +125°C SOT-23-5 MIC5207-2.5BM5 LE25 2.5 –40°C to +125°C SOT-23-5 MIC5207-3.0BM5 LE30 3.0 –40°C to +125°C SOT-23-5 MIC5207-3.3BM5 LE33 3.3 –40°C to +125°C SOT-23-5 MIC5207-3.6BM5 LE36 3.6 –40°C to +125°C SOT-23-5 MIC5207-3.8BM5 LE38 3.8 –40°C to +125°C SOT-23-5 MIC5207-4.0BM5 LE40 4.0 –40°C to +125°C SOT-23-5 MIC5207-5.0BM5 LE50 5.0 –40°C to +125°C SOT-23-5 — 3.3 –40°C to +125°C TO-92 MIC5207-3.3BZ * Other voltages available. Contact Micrel Marketing for information. Typical Application VIN MIC5207-x.xBM5 1 5 VOUT 2 3 Enable Shutdown COUT = 2.2µF tantalum 4 Enable CBYP EN (pin 3) may be connected directly to IN (pin 1). (OPTIONAL) Low-Noise Operation: CBYP = 470pF, COUT ≥ 2.2µF Battery-Powered Regulator Application Micrel, Inc. • 1849 Fortune Drive • San Jose, CA 95131 • USA • tel + 1 (408) 944-0800 • fax + 1 (408) 944-0970 • http://www.micrel.com January 2000 1 MIC5207 MIC5207 Micrel Pin Configuration EN GND IN 3 2 EN GND IN 1 3 Part Identification LEAA 2 1 LExx 4 5 4 5 ADJ OUT BYP OUT MIC5207BM5 SOT-23-5 (Adjustable Voltage) MIC5207-x.xBM5 SOT-23-5 (Fixed Voltages) 1 2 3 IN GND OUT (Bottom View) MIC5207-x.xBZ TO-92 (Fixed Voltages) Pin Description Pin No. SOT-23-5 Pin No. TO-92 Pin Name Pin Function 1 1 IN Supply Input 2 2 GND Ground 3 EN 4 (fix) BYP Reference Bypass: Connect external 470pF capacitor to GND to reduce output noise. May be left open. For 1.8V or 2.5V operation, see “Applications Information.” 4 (adj) ADJ Adjust (Input): Adjustable regulator feedback input. Connect to resistor voltage divider. OUT Regulator Output 5 3 Enable/Shutdown (Input): CMOS compatible input. Logic high = enable, logic low or open = shutdown. Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1) Operating Ratings (Note 2) Supply Input Voltage (VIN) ............................ –20V to +20V Enable Input Voltage (VEN) ........................... –20V to +20V Power Dissipation (PD) ............... Internally Limited, Note 3 Lead Temperature (soldering, 5 sec.) ....................... 260°C Junction Temperature (TJ) all except 1.8V ...................................... –40°C to +125°C 1.8V only .................................................. 0°C to +125°C Storage Temperature (TS) ....................... –65°C to +150°C Input Voltage (VIN) ....................................... +2.5V to +16V Enable Input Voltage (VEN) .................................. 0V to VIN Junction Temperature (TJ) all except 1.8V ...................................... –40°C to +125°C 1.8V only .................................................. 0°C to +125°C Thermal Resistance (θJA)......................................... Note 3 MIC5207 2 January 2000 MIC5207 Micrel Electrical Characteristics VIN = VOUT + 1V; IL = 100µA; CL = 1.0µF; VEN ≥ 2.0V; TJ = 25°C, bold values indicate –40°C ≤ TJ ≤ +125°C except 0°C ≤ TJ ≤ +125°C for 1.8V version; unless noted. Symbol Parameter Conditions Min Typical VO Output Voltage Accuracy variation from specified VOUT ∆VO/∆T Output Voltage Temperature Coefficient Note 4 ∆VO/VO Line Regulation VIN = VOUT + 1V to 16V 0.005 0.05 0.10 %/V %/V ∆VO/VO Load Regulation IL = 0.1mA to 150mA, Note 5 0.05 0.5 0.7 % % VIN – VO Dropout Voltage, Note 6 IL = 100µA 17 IL = 50mA 115 IL = 100mA 140 IL = 150mA 165 60 80 175 250 280 325 300 400 mV mV mV mV mV mV mV mV –3 –4 Max Units 3 4 % % 40 ppm/°C IGND Quiescent Current VEN ≤ 0.4V (shutdown) VEN ≤ 0.18V (shutdown) 0.01 1 5 µA µA IGND Ground Pin Current, Note 7 VEN ≥ 2.0V, IL = 100µA 80 IL = 50mA 350 IL = 100mA 720 IL = 150mA 1800 130 170 650 900 1100 2000 2500 3000 µA µA µA µA µA µA µA µA PSRR Ripple Rejection 75 dB ILIMIT Current Limit VOUT = 0V 320 ∆VO/∆PD Thermal Regulation Note 8 0.05 %/W eno Output Noise IL = 50mA, CL = 2.2µF, 470pF from BYP to GND 260 nV Hz 500 mA ENABLE Input VIL Enable Input Logic-Low Voltage regulator shutdown VIH Enable Input Logic-High Voltage regulator enabled IIL Enable Input Current VIL ≤ 0.4V VIL ≤ 0.18V VIH ≥ 2.0V VIH ≥ 2.0V IIH 0.4 0.18 2.0 V V V 0.01 5 –1 –2 20 25 µA µA µA µA Note 1. Exceeding the absolute maximum rating may damage the device. Note 2. The device is not guaranteed to function outside its operating rating. Note 3: The maximum allowable power dissipation at any TA (ambient temperature) is PD(max) = (TJ(max) – TA) ÷ θJA. Exceeding the maximum allowable power dissipation will cause excessive die temperature, and the regulator will go into thermal shutdown. The θJA of the SOT-23-5 (M5) is 235°C/W and the TO-92 (Z) is 180°C/W (0.4" leads) or 160°C/W (0.25" leads) soldered to a PC board. See “Thermal Considerations.” Note 4: Output voltage temperature coefficient is defined as the worst case voltage change divided by the total temperature range. Note 5: Regulation is measured at constant junction temperature using low duty cycle pulse testing. Parts are tested for load regulation in the load range from 0.1mA to 180mA. Changes in output voltage due to heating effects are covered by the thermal regulation specification. Note 6: Dropout voltage is the input to output differential at which the output voltage drops 2% below its nominal value measured at 1V differential. Note 7: Ground pin current is the regulator quiescent current plus pass transistor base current. The total current drawn from the supply is the sum of the load current plus the ground pin current. Note 8: Thermal regulation is defined as the change in output voltage at a time “t” after a change in power dissipation is applied, excluding load or line regulation effects. Specifications are for a 180mA load pulse at VIN = 16V for t = 10ms. January 2000 3 MIC5207 MIC5207 Micrel Typical Characteristics PSRR (dB) -20 -80 -20 PSRR (dB) PSRR (dB) 0 VIN = 6V VOUT = 5V -40 -60 -80 -40 -60 -80 IOUT = 10mA COUT = 1µF Power Supply Rejection Ratio VIN = 6V VOUT = 5V -40 -60 -80 IOUT = 100mA COUT = 1µF -100 1E+1 1k 1E+4 10k 1E+5 1M 1E+7 10M 10 1E+2 100k 1E+6 100 1E+3 FREQUENCY (Hz) MIC5207 IOUT = 100mA 20 COUT = 1µF 10 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 VOLTAGE DROP (V) 0.4 100 90 80 1mA 70 60 IOUT = 100mA 50 40 10mA 30 20 10 0 COUT = 2.2µF CBYP = 0.01µF 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 VOLTAGE DROP (V) 0.4 Turn-On Time vs. Bypass Capacitance 10000 -60 -20 10mA VIN = 6V VOUT = 5V -40 0 30 Power Supply Rejection Ratio 1000 100 IOUT = 10mA COUT = 2.2µF CBYP = 0.01µF -100 1E+1 1k 1E+4 10k 1E+5 1M 1E+7 10M 10 1E+2 100k 1E+6 100 1E+3 FREQUENCY (Hz) PSRR (dB) PSRR (dB) -20 IOUT = 1mA COUT = 2.2µF CBYP = 0.01µF -80 -100 1E+1 1k 1E+4 10k 1E+5 1M 1E+7 10M 10 1E+2 100k 1E+6 100 1E+3 FREQUENCY (Hz) 0 -60 -20 PSRR (dB) PSRR (dB) -20 VIN = 6V VOUT = 5V -40 0 VIN = 6V VOUT = 5V 1mA 40 Power Supply Ripple Rejection vs. Voltage Drop -100 1E+1 1k 1E+4 10k 1E+5 1M 1E+7 10M 10 1E+2 100k 1E+6 100 1E+3 FREQUENCY (Hz) Power Supply Rejection Ratio 50 0 Power Supply Rejection Ratio -80 IOUT = 1mA COUT = 1µF -100 1E+1 1k 1E+4 10k 1E+5 1M 1E+7 10M 10 1E+2 100k 1E+6 100 1E+3 FREQUENCY (Hz) 0 IOUT = 100µA COUT = 2.2µF CBYP = 0.01µF -100 1E+1 1k 1E+4 10k 1E+5 1M 1E+7 10M 10 1E+2 100k 1E+6 100 1E+3 FREQUENCY (Hz) Power Supply Rejection Ratio -20 -60 -80 IOUT = 100µA COUT = 1µF -100 1E+1 1k 1E+4 10k 1E+5 1M 1E+7 10M 10 1E+2 100k 1E+6 100 1E+3 FREQUENCY (Hz) 0 -40 RIPPLE REJECTION (dB) -60 VIN = 6V VOUT = 5V TIME (µs) -40 Power Supply Ripple Rejection vs. Voltage Drop 60 RIPPLE REJECTION (dB) VIN = 6V VOUT = 5V -20 PSRR (dB) 0 Power Supply Rejection Ratio 10 10 Power Supply Rejection Ratio 100 1000 CAPACITANCE (pF) 10000 Dropout Voltage vs. Output Current 320 VIN = 6V VOUT = 5V -40 -60 IOUT = 100mA COUT = 2.2µF CBYP = 0.01µF -80 -100 1E+1 1k 1E+4 10k 1E+5 1M 1E+7 10M 10 1E+2 100k 1E+6 100 1E+3 FREQUENCY (Hz) 4 DROPOUT VOLTAGE (mV) 0 Power Supply Rejection Ratio 280 +125°C 240 200 +25°C 160 120 –40°C 80 40 0 0 40 80 120 160 OUTPUT CURRENT (mA) January 2000 MIC5207 Micrel Typical Characteristics Noise Performance Noise Performance 10 Noise Performance 10 10 10mA, COUT = 1µF 0.001 0.01 0.001 VOUT = 5V 0.0001 1E+1 10 1E+2 1k 1E+4 100 1E+3 10k 1E+5 100k 1E+6 1M 1E+7 10M FREQUENCY (Hz) Noise Performance 10mA 0.1 VOUT = 5V COUT = 22µF 1mA 0.001 tantalum CBYP = 10nF 0.0001 1k 1E+4 1E+1 10 1E+2 1M 1E+7 10k 1E+5 100k 1E+6 10M 100 1E+3 FREQUENCY (Hz) Noise Performance 10 1 10mA 100mA 0.1 0.01 0.001 100mA 0.01 Noise Performance NOISE (µV/√Hz) NOISE (µV/√Hz) 100mA 1mA VOUT = 5V COUT = 10µF 0.001 electrolytic 10mA CBYP = 100pF 0.0001 1k 1E+4 1E+1 10 1E+2 1M 1E+7 10k 1E+5 100k 1E+6 10M 100 1E+3 FREQUENCY (Hz) January 2000 1mA 10 0.1 0.01 VOUT = 5V COUT = 10µF electrolytic 0.0001 1k 1E+4 1E+1 10 1E+2 1M 1E+7 10k 1E+5 100k 1E+6 10M 100 1E+3 FREQUENCY (Hz) 10 1 10mA 0.1 NOISE (µV/√Hz) 0.01 1mA COUT = 1µF CBYP = 10nF 1 100mA VOUT = 5V COUT = 10µF electrolytic CBYP = 1nF 1mA 0.0001 1k 1E+4 1E+1 10 1E+2 1M 1E+7 10k 1E+5 100k 1E+6 10M 100 1E+3 FREQUENCY (Hz) 5 1 NOISE (µV/√Hz) 0.1 1 NOISE (µV/√Hz) NOISE (µV/√Hz) 1 100mA 0.1 0.01 0.001 1mA VOUT = 5V COUT = 10µF electrolytic CBYP = 10nF 10mA 0.0001 1E+1 10 1E+2 100 1E+3 1k 1E+4 10M 10k 1E+5 100k 1E+6 1M 1E+7 FREQUENCY (Hz) MIC5207 MIC5207 Micrel Block Diagrams VIN OUT IN VOUT COUT Bandgap Ref. Current Limit Thermal Shutdown MIC5207-x.xBZ GND Low-Noise Fixed Regulator (TO-92 version only) VIN OUT IN VOUT COUT BYP CBYP (optional) Bandgap Ref. V REF EN Current Limit Thermal Shutdown MIC5207-x.xBM5 GND Ultra-Low-Noise Fixed Regulator VIN OUT IN VOUT COUT ADJ R1 R2 Bandgap Ref. V REF CBYP (optional) EN Current Limit Thermal Shutdown MIC5207BM5 GND Ultra-Low-Noise Adjustable Regulator MIC5207 6 January 2000 MIC5207 Micrel drop across the part. To determine the maximum power dissipation of the package, use the junction-to-ambient thermal resistance of the device and the following basic equation: Applications Information Enable/Shutdown Forcing EN (enable/shutdown) high (> 2V) enables the regulator. EN is compatible with CMOS logic gates. If the enable/shutdown feature is not required, connect EN (pin 3) to IN (supply input, pin 1). See Figure 1. Input Capacitor PD(max) = θ JA TJ(max) is the maximum junction temperature of the die, 125°C, and TA is the ambient operating temperature. θJA is layout dependent; Table 1 shows examples of junction-toambient thermal resistance for the MIC5207. A 1µF capacitor should be placed from IN to GND if there is more than 10 inches of wire between the input and the ac filter capacitor or if a battery is used as the input. Reference Bypass Capacitor Package BYP (reference bypass) is connected to the internal voltage reference. A 470pF capacitor (CBYP) connected from BYP to GND quiets this reference, providing a significant reduction in output noise. CBYP reduces the regulator phase margin; when using CBYP, output capacitors of 2.2µF or greater are generally required to maintain stability. The start-up speed of the MIC5207 is inversely proportional to the size of the reference bypass capacitor. Applications requiring a slow ramp-up of output voltage should consider larger values of CBYP. Likewise, if rapid turn-on is necessary, consider omitting CBYP. If output noise is not a major concern, omit CBYP and leave BYP open. SOT-23-5 (M5) θJA Recommended θJA 1" Square Minimum Footprint Copper Clad 235°C/W 170°C/W θJC 130°C/W Table 1. SOT-23-5 Thermal Resistance The actual power dissipation of the regulator circuit can be determined using the equation: PD = (VIN – VOUT) IOUT + VIN IGND Substituting PD(max) for PD and solving for the operating conditions that are critical to the application will give the maximum operating conditions for the regulator circuit. For example, when operating the MIC5207-3.3BM5 at room temperature with a minimum footprint layout, the maximum input voltage for a set output current can be determined as follows: Output Capacitor An output capacitor is required between OUT and GND to prevent oscillation. The minimum size of the output capacitor is dependent upon whether a reference bypass capacitor is used. 1.0µF minimum is recommended when CBYP is not used (see Figure 2). 2.2µF minimum is recommended when CBYP is 470pF (see Figure 1). Larger values improve the regulator’s transient response. The output capacitor value may be increased without limit. PD(max) = 125˚C − 25˚C 235 PD(max) = 425mW The junction-to-ambient thermal resistance for the minimum footprint is 220°C/W, from Table 1. The maximum power dissipation must not be exceeded for proper operation. Using the output voltage of 3.3V and an output current of 150mA, the maximum input voltage can be determined. From the Electrical Characteristics table, the maximum ground current for 150mA output current is 3000µA or 3mA. 455mW = (VIN – 3.3V) 150mA + VIN ·3mA 455mW = VIN ·150mA – 495mW + VIN ·3mA The output capacitor should have an ESR (effective series resistance) of about 5Ω or less and a resonant frequency above 1MHz. Ultra-low-ESR capacitors can cause a low amplitude oscillation on the output and/or underdamped transient response. Most tantalum or aluminum electrolytic capacitors are adequate; film types will work, but are more expensive. Since many aluminum electrolytics have electrolytes that freeze at about –30°C, solid tantalums are recommended for operation below –25°C. At lower values of output current, less output capacitance is required for output stability. The capacitor can be reduced to 0.47µF for current below 10mA or 0.33µF for currents below 1mA. No-Load Stability 920mW = VIN ·153mA VIN(max) = 6.01V Therefore, a 3.3V application at 150mA of output current can accept a maximum input voltage of 6V in a SOT-23-5 package. For a full discussion of heat sinking and thermal effects on voltage regulators, refer to the Regulator Thermals section of Micrel’s Designing with Low-Dropout Voltage Regulators handbook. Low-Voltage Operation The MIC5207-1.8 and MIC5207-2.5 require special consideration when used in voltage-sensitive systems. They may momentarily overshoot their nominal output voltages unless appropriate output and bypass capacitor values are chosen. The MIC5207 will remain stable and in regulation with no load (other than the internal voltage divider) unlike many other voltage regulators. This is especially important in CMOS RAM keep-alive applications. Thermal Considerations During regulator power up, the pass transistor is fully saturated for a short time, while the error amplifier and voltage reference are being powered up more slowly from the output The MIC5207 is designed to provide 180mA of continuous current in a very small package. Maximum power dissipation can be calculated based on the output current and the voltage January 2000 (TJ(max) – TA ) 7 MIC5207 MIC5207 Micrel Adjustable Regulator Applications The MIC5207BM5 can be adjusted to a specific output voltage by using two external resistors (figure 3). The resistors set the output voltage based on the following equation: (see “Block Diagram”). Selecting larger output and bypass capacitors allows additional time for the error amplifier and reference to turn on and prevent overshoot. To ensure that no overshoot is present when starting up into a light load (100µA), use a 4.7µF output capacitance and 470pF bypass capacitance. This slows the turn-on enough to allow the regulator to react and keep the output voltage from exceeding its nominal value. At heavier loads, use a 10µF output capacitance and 470pF bypass capacitance. Lower values of output and bypass capacitance can be used, depending on the sensitivity of the system. R2 VOUT = VREF 1 + , VREF = 1.242V R1 This equation is correct due to the configuration of the bandgap reference. The bandgap voltage is relative to the output, as seen in the block diagram. Traditional regulators normally have the reference voltage relative to ground; therefore, their equations are different from the equation for the MIC5207BM5. Resistor values are not critical because ADJ (adjust) has a high input impedance, but for best results use resistors of 470kΩ or less. A capacitor from ADJ to ground provides greatly improved noise performance. Applications that can withstand some overshoot on the output of the regulator can reduce the output capacitor and/ or reduce or eliminate the bypass capacitor. Applications that are not sensitive to overshoot due to power-on reset delays can use normal output and bypass capacitor configurations. Please note the junction temperature range of the regulator at 1.8V output (fixed and adjustable) is 0˚C to +125˚C. Fixed Regulator Applications VIN MIC5207-x.xBM5 1 5 2 1 VOUT 5 2 R1 3 VOUT 2.2µF 4 470pF 2.2µF 3 R2 4 470pF Figure 3. Ultra-Low-Noise Adjustable Voltage Regulator Figure 1. Ultra-Low-Noise Fixed Voltage Regulator Figure 3 includes the optional 470pF noise bypass capacitor from ADJ to GND to reduce output noise. Figure 1 includes a 470pF capacitor for ultra-low-noise operation and shows EN (pin 3) connected to IN (pin 1) for an application where enable/shutdown is not required. COUT = 2.2µF minimum. Dual-Supply Operation When used in dual-supply systems where the regulator load is returned to a negative supply, the output voltage must be diode clamped to ground. VIN MIC5207-x.xBM5 VOUT 1 5 2 USB Application Figure 4 shows the MIC5207-3.3BZ (3-terminal, TO-92) in a USB application. Since the VBUS supply may be greater than 10 inches from the regulator, a 1µF input capacitor is included. 1.0µF 3 Enable Shutdown MIC5207BM5 VIN 4 EN Figure 2. Low-Noise Fixed Voltage Regulator Figure 2 is an example of a basic low-noise configuration. COUT = 1µF minimum. VCC 5.0V 10k Upstream VBUS 100mA max. Ferrite Beads MIC5207-3.3BZ VBUS IN D+ USB Controller OUT ON/OFF OVERCURRENT D– 1µF GND GND 1µF MIC2525 EN VBUS OUT FLG IN GND OUT IN D+ D– 150µF USB Port GND 0.1µF Data Data Figure 4. Single-Port Self-Powered Hub MIC5207 8 January 2000 MIC5207 Micrel Package Information 1.90 (0.075) REF 0.95 (0.037) REF 1.75 (0.069) 1.50 (0.059) 3.00 (0.118) 2.60 (0.102) DIMENSIONS: MM (INCH) 1.30 (0.051) 0.90 (0.035) 3.02 (0.119) 2.80 (0.110) 0.20 (0.008) 0.09 (0.004) 10° 0° 0.15 (0.006) 0.00 (0.000) 0.50 (0.020) 0.35 (0.014) 0.60 (0.024) 0.10 (0.004) SOT-23-5 (M5) 0.090 (2.286) Radius, typ. 2 3 1 0.145 (3.683) 0.135 (3.429) 0.055 (1.397) 0.045 (1.143) 10° typ. BOTTOM VIEW 0.085 (2.159) Diam. 0.185 (4.699) 0.175 (4.445) 5° typ. 0.185 (4.699) 0.175 (4.445) 0.090 (2.286) typ. 5° typ. Seating Plane 0.025 (0.635) Max Uncontrolled Lead Diameter 0.500 (12.70) Min. 0.016 (0.406) 0.014 (0.356) 0.0155 (0.3937) 0.0145 (0.3683) 0.055 (1.397) 0.045 (1.143) 0.105 (2.667) 0.095 (2.413) TO-92 (Z) January 2000 9 MIC5207 MIC5207 MIC5207 Micrel 10 January 2000 MIC5207 January 2000 Micrel 11 MIC5207 MIC5207 Micrel MICREL INC. 1849 FORTUNE DRIVE SAN JOSE, CA 95131 TEL + 1 (408) 944-0800 FAX + 1 (408) 944-0970 WEB USA http://www.micrel.com This information is believed to be accurate and reliable, however no responsibility is assumed by Micrel for its use nor for any infringement of patents or other rights of third parties resulting from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent right of Micrel Inc. © 2000 Micrel Incorporated MIC5207 12 January 2000