MIC5250 Micrel MIC5250 Dual 150mA µCap CMOS LDO Regulator Preliminary Information General Description Features The MIC5250 is an efficient, precise dual CMOS voltage regulator optimized for ultra-low-noise applications. The MIC5250 offers better than 1% initial accuracy, extremely low dropout voltage (typically 150mV at 150mA) and constant ground current over load (typically 100µA). The MIC5250 provides a very-low-noise output, ideal for RF applications where quiet voltage sources are required. A noise bypass pin is also available for further reduction of output noise. • Ultralow dropout—100mV @ 100mA • Ultralow noise—30µV(rms) • Stability with ceramic, tantalum, or aluminum electrolytic capacitors • Load independent, ultralow ground current • 150mA output current • Current limiting • Thermal Shutdown • Tight load and line regulation • “Zero” off-mode current • Fast transient response • TTL-Logic-controlled enable input Designed specifically for hand-held and battery-powered devices, the MIC5250 provides TTL logic compatible enable pins. When disabled, power consumption drops nearly to zero. The MIC5250 also works with low-ESR ceramic capacitors, reducing the amount of board space necessary for power applications, critical in hand-held wireless devices. Key features include current limit, thermal shutdown, pushpull outputs for faster transient response, and active clamps to speed up device turnoff. Available in the 10-lead MSOP (micro-shrink-outline package), the MIC5250 also offers a range of fixed output voltages. Applications • • • • • • • • Cellular phones and pagers Cellular accessories Battery-powered equipment Laptop, notebook, and palmtop computers PCMCIA VCC and VPP regulation/switching Consumer/personal electronics SMPS post-regulator/dc-to-dc modules High-efficiency linear power supplies Ordering Information Part Number Voltage Junction Temp. Range Package MIC5250-2.7BMM 2.7V –40°C to +125°C 10-lead MSOP MIC5250-2.8BMM 2.8V –40°C to +125°C 10-lead MSOP MIC5250-3.0BMM 3.0V –40°C to +125°C 10-lead MSOP MIC5250-3.3BMM 3.3V –40°C to +125°C 10-lead MSOP Other voltages available. Contact Micrel for details. Typical Application MIC5250-3.3BMM VINA 2 ENABLE SHUTDOWN VINB ENABLE SHUTDOWN 9 7 5 INA ENA INB ENB OUTA BYPA GNDA 10 OUTB BYPB GNDB 8 3.3V 1 3 CBYPA (optional) COUTA 3.3V 4 6 CBYPB (optional) COUTB ENA may be connected directly to INA. ENB may be connected directly to INB. GNDA and GND B may be connected to isolated grounds or the same ground. Dual Ultra-Low-Noise Regulator Circuit Micrel, Inc. • 1849 Fortune Drive • San Jose, CA 95131 • USA • tel + 1 (408) 944-0800 • fax + 1 (408) 944-0970 • http://www.micrel.com March 2000 1 MIC5250 MIC5250 Micrel Pin Configuration BYPA 1 10 OUTA ENA 2 9 INA GNDA 3 8 OUTB BYPB 4 7 INB ENB 5 6 GNDB MIC5250-x.xBMM Pin Description Pin Number Pin Name Pin Function 9/7 INA / B Supply Input* 3/6 GNDA / B 2/4 ENA / B Enable/Shutdown (Input): CMOS compatible input. Logic high = enable; logic low = shutdown. Do not leave open. 1/4 BYPA / B Reference Bypass: Connect external 0.01µF capacitor to GND to reduce output noise. May be left open. 10 / 8 OUTA / B Regulator Output Ground* * Supply inputs and grounds are fully isolated. Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1) Operating Ratings (Note 2) Supply Input Voltage (VIN) .................................. 0V to +7V Enable Input Voltage (VEN) ................................. 0V to +7V Junction Temperature (TJ) ...................................... +150°C Storage Temperature ............................... –65°C to +150°C Lead Temperature (soldering, 5 sec.) ....................... 260°C ESD, Note 3 Input Voltage (VIN) ......................................... +2.7V to +6V Enable Input Voltage (VEN) .................................. 0V to VIN Junction Temperature (TJ) ....................... –40°C to +125°C Thermal Resistance (θJA)...................................... 200°C/W MIC5250 2 March 2000 MIC5250 Micrel Electrical Characteristics Each regulator: VIN = VOUT + 1V, VEN = VIN; IOUT = 100µA; TJ = 25°C, bold values indicate –40°C ≤ TJ ≤ +125°C; unless noted. Symbol Parameter Conditions Min VO Output Voltage Accuracy IOUT = 0mA –1 –2 ∆VLNR Line Regulation VIN = VOUT + 0.1V to 6V Max Units 1 2 % % 0 0.3 %/V ∆VLDR Load Regulation IOUT = 0.1mA to 150mA, Note 4 2.0 3.0 % VIN – VOUT Dropout Voltage, Note 5 IOUT = 100µA 1.5 5 mV IOUT = 50mA 50 85 mV IOUT = 100mA 100 150 mV IOUT = 150mA 150 200 250 mV mV –0.3 Typical IQ Quiescent Current VEN ≤ 0.4V (shutdown) 0.2 1 µA IGND Ground Pin Current, Note 6 IOUT = 0mA 100 150 µA IOUT = 150mA 100 µA 50 dB 300 mA µV(rms) PSRR Power Supply Rejection f = 120Hz, COUT = 10µF, CBYP = 0.01µF ILIM Current Limit VOUT = 0V en Output Voltage Noise COUT = 10µF, CBYP = 0.01µF, f = 10Hz to 100kHz 30 VIL Enable Input Logic-Low Voltage VIN = 2.7V to 5.5V, regulator shutdown 0.8 VIH Enable Input Logic-High Voltage VIN = 2.7V to 5.5V, regulator enabled IEN Enable Input Current 160 Enable Input V 1 V VIL ≤ 0.4V 0.17 µA VIH ≥ 2.0V 1.5 µA 500 Ω Thermal Shutdown Temperature 150 °C Thermal Shutdown Hysteresis 10 °C Shutdown Resistance Discharge 2.0 0.4 Thermal Protection Note 1. Exceeding the absolute maximum rating may damage the device. Note 2. The device is not guaranteed to function outside its operating rating. Note 3. Devices are ESD sensitive. Handling precautions recommended. Note 4. Regulation is measured at constant junction temperature using low duty cycle pulse testing. Parts are tested for load regulation in the load range from 0.1mA to 150mA. Changes in output voltage due to heating effects are covered by the thermal regulation specification. Dropout Voltage is defined as the input to output differential at which the output voltage drops 2% below its nominal value measured at 1V differential. Ground pin current is the regulator quiescent current. The total current drawn from the supply is the sum of the load current plus the ground pin current. Note 5. Note 6. March 2000 3 MIC5250 MIC5250 Micrel Typical Characteristics Power Supply Rejection Ratio Power Supply Rejection Ratio 100 60 40 VIN = 4V VOUT = 3V IOUT = 100mA 80 COUT = 1µF tant PSRR (dB) IOUT = 10mA 80 COUT = 1µF tant PSRR (dB) 60 40 VIN = 4V VOUT = 3V 60 40 20 20 20 0 1E+1 1k 1E+4 10k 1E+5 1M 1E+7 10M 10 1E+2 100k 1E+6 100 1E+3 FREQUENCY (Hz) 0 1E+1 1k 1E+4 10k 1E+5 1M 1E+7 10M 10 1E+2 100k 1E+6 100 1E+3 FREQUENCY (Hz) 0 1E+1 1k 1E+4 10k 1E+5 1M 1E+7 10M 10 1E+2 100k 1E+6 100 1E+3 FREQUENCY (Hz) Power Supply Rejection Ratio Power Supply Rejection Ratio Power Supply Rejection Ratio 100 80 80 60 40 PSRR (dB) 100 VIN = 4V VOUT = 3V PSRR (dB) IOUT = 150mA 80 COUT = 1µF tant 60 40 IOUT = 100µA COUT = 10µF cer. CBYP = 0.01µF 0 1E+1 1k 1E+4 10k 1E+5 1M 1E+7 10M 10 1E+2 100k 1E+6 100 1E+3 FREQUENCY (Hz) 20 V = 4V IN VOUT = 3V 0 1E+1 100 1E+3 1k 1E+4 10k 1E+5 100k 1E+6 1M 1E+7 10M 10 1E+2 FREQUENCY (Hz) Power Supply Rejection Ratio Power Supply Rejection Ratio 100 100 60 40 IOUT = 100mA COUT = 10µF cer. CBYP = 0.01µF 20 60 40 IOUT = 150mA COUT = 10µF cer. CBYP = 0.01 20 Power Supply Ripple Rejection vs. Voltage Drop 10mA 30 20 10 0 0 MIC5250 100µA COUT = 10µF cer. CBYP = 0.01µF 200 400 600 800 1000 VOLTAGE DROP (mV) 70 100µA 10mA 60 50 40 30 150mA 20 IOUT = 100mA 10 0 0 COUT = 1µF 200 400 600 800 1000 VOLTAGE DROP (mV) Noise Performance 10 IL = 100µA IL = 100µA IOUT = 100mA NOISE (µV/√Hz) RIPPLE REJECTION (dB) 100mA 50 40 Power Supply Ripple Rejection vs. Voltage Drop 10 70 60 0 1E+1 100 1E+3 1k 1E+4 10k 1E+5 100k 1E+6 1M 1E+7 10M 10 1E+2 FREQUENCY (Hz) Noise Performance 80 IOUT = 10mA COUT = 10µF cer. CBYP = 0.01µF 20 0 1E+1 1E+7 100 1E+3 1k 1E+4 10k 1E+5 100k 1E+6 1M 10M 10 1E+2 FREQUENCY (Hz) 0 1E+1 100 1E+3 1k 1E+4 10k 1E+5 100k 1E+6 1M 1E+7 10M 10 1E+2 FREQUENCY (Hz) 40 80 VIN = 4V VOUT = 3V 80 PSRR (dB) 80 VIN = 4V VOUT = 3V VIN = 4V VOUT = 3V 60 RIPPLE REJECTION (dB) 20 1 VIN = 4V 0.1 V OUT = 3V COUT = 1µF cer. CBYP = 0.01µF 0.01 10 1E+2 100 1E+3 1k 1E+4 10k 100k 1M 1E+1 1E+5 1E+6 FREQUENCY (Hz) 4 NOISE (µV/√Hz) PSRR (dB) VIN = 4V VOUT = 3V 100 PSRR (dB) 100 100 IOUT = 100µA 80 COUT = 1µF tant PSRR (dB) Power Supply Rejection Ratio 1 VIN = 4V 0.1 VOUT = 3V COUT = 10µF cer. CBYP = 0.01µF 0.01 1k 1E+4 10 1E+2 1M 10k 1E+5 100 1E+3 100k 1E+6 1E+1 FREQUENCY (Hz) March 2000 MIC5250 Micrel Ground Pin Current Ground Pin Current 200 QUIESCENT CURRENT (µA) QUIESCENT CURRENT (µA) 95 VIN = 4V VOUT = 3V 90 85 0.1 1 10 100 LOAD CURRENT (mA) VOUT = 3V 75 50 25 IOUT = 100µA 50 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 TEMPERATURE (°C) 0 Dropout Characteristics RL = 30Ω 1.0 0.5 1 2 3 4 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) ILOAD = 100µA 6 4 2 Dropout Voltage TA = 25°C 100 TA = -40°C 25 50 75 100 125 150 OUTPUT CURRENT (mA) IOUT = 150mA 1 2 3 4 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) 5 200 150 100 50 Output Voltage vs. Temperature 3.05 500 400 300 200 IL = 150mA 0 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100120140 TEMPERATURE (°C) VIN = 3.5V VEN = 3V 100 0 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100120140 TEMPERATURE (°C) 5 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) TA = 125°C 250 Short Circuit Current OUTPUT CURRENT (mA) DROPOUT VOLTAGE (mV) 25 Dropout Voltage 600 250 March 2000 50 300 0 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100120140 TEMPERATURE (°C) 5 300 0 0 75 0 0 5 DROPOUT VOLTAGE (mV) DROPOUT VOLTAGE (mV) OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) RL = 30kΩ 1.5 50 1 2 3 4 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) VOUT = 3V Dropout Voltage VOUT = 3V 2.0 150 0 8 3.5 200 Ground Pin Current 100 QUIESCENT CURRENT (µA) QUIESCENT CURRENT (µA) QUIESCENT CURRENT (µA) VIN = 4V VOUT = 3V IOUT = 150mA 0 0 IOUT = 100µA 0 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 TEMPERATURE (°C) Ground Pin Current 75 2.5 50 100 100 3.0 100 500 Ground Pin Current 150 125 150 VIN = 4V VOUT = 3V VIN = 4V TYPICAL 3V DEVICE 3.00 2.95 2.90 ILOAD = 100µA 2.85 -50 0 50 100 TEMPERATURE (°C) 150 MIC5250 MIC5250 Micrel Enable Pin Bias Current 4 THRESHOLD VOLTAGE (V) ENABLE PIN CURRENT (µA) 2.0 1.5 VIN = 4.0V 1.0 0.5 VEN = 100mV Enable Threshold Voltage 3 2 VIN = 4.0V 1 0 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 TEMPERATURE (°C) 0 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100120140 TEMPERATURE (°C) Functional Characteristics Load Transient Response ∆ OUTPUT VOLTAGE (100mV/div.) OUTPUT CURRENT 6V VOUT = 3V COUT = 10µF CBYP = 0.01µF IOUT = 100µA 4V VIN = 4V VOUT = 3V COUT = 10µF cer. CBYP = 0.01µF Enable Pin Delay Shutdown Delay 100µA OUTPUT VOLTAGE (1V/div.) OUTPUT VOLTAGE (1V/div.) ENABLE VOLTAGE (2V/div.) TIME (100µs/div.) VIN = 4V VOUT = 3V COUT = 10µF CBYP = 0.01µF IOUT = no load TIME (20µs/div.) MIC5250 150mA TIME (10ms/div.) ENABLE VOLTAGE (1V/div.) INPUT VOLTAGE (2V/div.) ∆ OUTPUT VOLTAGE (50mV/div.) Line Transient Response VOUT = 3V COUT = 10µF CBYP = 0.01µF IOUT = no load TIME (1ms/div.) 6 March 2000 MIC5250 Micrel Crosstalk Characteristics OUTPUT VOLTAGE A OUTPUT VOLTAGE B (100mV/div.) (20mV/div.) OUTPUT VOLTAGE A OUTPUT VOLTAGE B (100mV/div.) (20mV/div.) Crosstalk Characteristics VOUTB = 3.3V COUTB = 10µF CBYPB = 0 ILOAD = 100µA VOUTA = 3.3V COUTA = 10µF CBYPA = 0 VIN = 4.3V separate supplies ILOAD = 100µA ILOAD = 150mA VOUTB = 3.3V COUTB = 10µF CBYPB = 0 ILOAD = 100µA VOUTA = 3.3V COUTA = 10µF CBYPA = 0 VIN = 4.3V common supply ILOAD = 100µA ILOAD = 150mA TIME (25µs/div.) TIME (25µs/div.) Block Diagrams INA Reference Voltage Startup/ Shutdown Control Quickstart/ Noise Cancellation ENA BYPA PULL UP Thermal Sensor FAULT Error Amplifier Undervoltage Lockout Current Amplifier ACTIVE SHUTDOWN OUTA PULL DOWN GNDA INB Reference Voltage Startup/ Shutdown Control Quickstart/ Noise Cancellation ENB BYPB PULL UP Thermal Sensor FAULT Error Amplifier Undervoltage Lockout Current Amplifier ACTIVE SHUTDOWN OUTB PULL DOWN GNDB March 2000 7 MIC5250 MIC5250 Micrel Thermal Considerations The MIC5250 is a dual LDO voltage regulator designed to provide two output voltages from one package. Both regulator outputs are capable of sourcing 150mA of output current. Proper thermal evaluation needs to be done to ensure that the junction temperature does not exceed it’s maximum value, 125°C. Maximum power dissipation can be calculated based on the output current and the voltage drop across each regulator. The sum of the power dissipation of each regulator determines the total power dissipation. The maximum power dissipation that this package is capable of handling can be determined using thermal resistance, junction to ambient, and the following basic equation: Applications Information Enable/Shutdown The MIC5250 comes with active-high enable pins that allows either regulator to be disabled. Forcing an enable pin low disables the respective regulator and places it into a “zero” off-mode-current state. In this state, current consumed by the regulator goes nearly to zero. Forcing an enable pin high enables the output voltage. This part is CMOS therefore the enable pin cannot be left floating; a floating enable pin may cause an indeterminate state on the output. Input Capacitor Input capacitors are not required for stability. A 1µF input capacitor is recommended for either regulator when the bulk ac supply capacitance is more than 10 inches away from the device, or when the supply is a battery. Output Capacitor The MIC5250 requires output capacitors for stability. The design requires 1µF or greater on each output to maintain stability. Capacitors can be low-ESR ceramic chip capacitors. The MIC5250 has been designed to work specifically with low-cost, small chip capacitors. Tantalum capacitors can also be used for improved capacitance over the operating temperature range. The value of the capacitor can be increased without bounds. Bypass Capacitor Capacitors can be placed from each noise bypass pin to their respective ground to reduce output voltage noise. These capacitors bypass the internal references. A 0.01µF capacitor is recommended for applications that require low-noise outputs. Transient Response The MIC5250 implements a unique output stage design which dramatically improves transient response recovery time. The output is a totem-pole configuration with a Pchannel MOSFET pass device and an N-channel MOSFET clamp. The N-channel clamp is a significantly smaller device that prevents the output voltage from overshooting when a heavy load is removed. This feature helps to speed up the transient response by significantly decreasing transient response recovery time during the transition from heavy load (100mA) to light load (100µA). Active Shutdown Each regulator also features an active shutdown clamp, which is an N-channel MOSFET that turns on when the device is disabled. This allows the output capacitor and load to discharge, de-energizing the load. Cross Talk When a load transient occurs on one output of the MIC5250, the second output may couple a small amount of ripple to its output. This typically comes from a common input source or from poor grounding. Using proper grounding techniques such as star grounding as well as good bypassing directly at the inputs of each regulator will help to reduce the magnitude of the cross talk. See “Functional Characteristics” for an example of cross talk performance. MIC5250 TJ (max ) − TA PD(max ) = θJA TJ(max) is the maximum junction temperature of the die, 125°C and TA is the ambient operating temperature of the die. θJA is layout dependent. Table 1 shows the typical thermal resistance for a minimum footprint layout for the MIC5250. Package θJA at Recommended Minimum Footprint MSOP-10 200° C/W Table 1. Thermal Resistance The actual power dissipation of each regulator output can be calculated using the following simple equation: ( ) PD = VIN − VOUT IOUT + VIN IGND Each regulator contributes power dissipation to the overall power dissipation of the package. PD (total ) = PD (reg1) + PD (reg 2) Each output is rated for 150mA of output current, but the application may limit the amount of output current based on the total power dissipation and the ambient temperature. A typical application may call for two 3.0V outputs from a single Li-ion battery input. This input can be as high as 4.2V. When operating at high ambient temperatures, the output current may be limited. When operating at an ambient of 60°C, the maximum power dissipation of the package is calculated as follows: 125°C − 60°C PD(max) = 200°C/W PD(max) = 325mW For the application mentioned above, if regulator 1 is sourcing 150mA, it contributes the following to the overall power dissipation: ( ) PD(reg1) = VIN − VOUT IOUT + VIN IGND PD(reg1) = (4.2V − 3.0V) 150mA + 4.2V × 100µA PD(reg1) = 180.4mW 8 March 2000 MIC5250 Micrel Since the total power dissipation allowable is 325mW, the maximum power dissipation of the second regulator is limited to: Fixed Regulator Applications MIC5250-3.3BMM 10 OUTA PD(max) = PD(reg1) + PD(reg2) VINA 325mW = 180.4mW + PD (reg 2) VINB PD (reg 2) = 144.6mW The maximum output current of the second regulator can be calculated using the same equations but solving for the output current (ground current is constant over load and simplifies the equation): ( 9 INA BYPA 1 2 ENA GNDA 3 7 INB OUTB 8 5 ENB BYPB GNDB 4 3.3V 0.01µF 1µF 3.3V 6 0.01µF 1µF Figure 1. Ultra-Low-Noise Dual 3.3V Application Figure 1 includes 0.01µF capacitors for low-noise operation and shows EN (pin 3) connected to IN (pin 1) for an applications where enable/shutdown is not required. COUT = 1µF minimum. ) PD (reg 2) = VIN − VOUT IOUT + VIN IGND 144.6mW = (4.2V − 3.0V) IOUT + 4.2V × 100µA MIC5250-3.3BMM 10 OUTA IOUT = 120.5mA VINA The second output is limited to 120mA due to the total power dissipation of the system when operating at 60°C ambient temperature. VINB 9 INA BYPA 1 2 ENA GNDA 3 7 INB ENB OUTB BYPB 8 5 GNDB 6 4 3.3V 1µF 3.3V 1µF Figure 2. Low-Noise Fixed Voltage Application Figure 2 is an example of a low-noise configuration where CBYP is not required. COUT = 1µF minimum. Dual-Supply Operation When used in dual supply systems where the regulator load is returned to a negative supply, the output voltage must be diode clamped to ground. March 2000 9 MIC5250 MIC5250 Micrel Package Information 3.15 (0.122) 2.85 (0.114) DIMENSIONS: MM (INCH) 4.90 BSC (0.193) 3.10 (0.122) 2.90 (0.114) 1.10 (0.043) 0.94 (0.037) 0.30 (0.012) 0.15 (0.006) 0.50 BSC (0.020) 0.15 (0.006) 0.05 (0.002) 0.26 (0.010) 0.10 (0.004) 6° MAX 0° MIN 0.70 (0.028) 0.40 (0.016) 10-Lead MSOP (MM) MIC5250 10 March 2000 MIC5250 March 2000 Micrel 11 MIC5250 MIC5250 Micrel MICREL INC. 1849 FORTUNE DRIVE SAN JOSE, CA 95131 TEL + 1 (408) 944-0800 FAX + 1 (408) 944-0970 WEB USA http://www.micrel.com This information is believed to be accurate and reliable, however no responsibility is assumed by Micrel for its use nor for any infringement of patents or other rights of third parties resulting from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent right of Micrel Inc. © 2000 Micrel Incorporated MIC5250 12 March 2000