MIC5247 Micrel MIC5247 150mA Low-Voltage µCap Linear Regulator Preliminary Information General Description Features The MIC5247 is an efficient, precise low voltage CMOS voltage regulator optimized for ultra-low-noise applications. The MIC5247 offers better than 1% initial accuracy, and 85µA constant ground current over load (typically 85µA). The MIC5247 provides a very low noise output, ideal for RF applications where quiet voltage sources are required. A noise bypass pin is also available for further reduction of output noise. • • • • • • • • • • • Designed specifically for hand-held and battery-powered devices, the MIC5247 provides a logic compatible enable pin. When disabled, power consumption drops nearly to zero. The MIC5247 also works with low-ESR ceramic capacitors, reducing the amount of board space necessary for power applications, critical in hand-held wireless devices. Key features include current limit, thermal shutdown, a pushpull output for faster transient response, and an active clamp to speed up device turnoff. Available in the IttyBitty™ SOT-23-5 package, the MIC5247 also offers a range of fixed output voltages. Ultralow noise Low voltage outputs Load independent, ultralow ground current: 85µA 150mA output current Current limiting Thermal Shutdown Tight load and line regulation “Zero” off-mode current Stability with low-ESR capacitors Fast transient response Logic-controlled enable input Applications • • • • • • • • Cellular phones and pagers Cellular accessories Battery-powered equipment Laptop, notebook, and palmtop computers PCMCIA VCC and VPP regulation/switching Consumer/personal electronics SMPS post-regulator/dc-to-dc modules High-efficiency linear power supplies Ordering Information Part Number Marking Voltage Junction Temp. Range Package MIC5247-1.5BM5 LU15 1.5V –40°C to +125°C SOT-23-5 MIC5247-1.8BM5 LU18 1.8V –40°C to +125°C SOT-23-5 MIC5247-2.0BM5 LU20 2.0V –40°C to +125°C SOT-23-5 MIC5247-2.4BM5 LU24 2.4V –40°C to +125°C SOT-23-5 Other voltages available. Contact Micrel for details. Typical Application VIN MIC5247-x.xBM5 1 5 2 COUT 3 Enable Shutdown VOUT 4 EN CBYP (optional) EN (pin 3) may be connected directly to IN (pin 1). Ultra-Low-Noise Regulator Application IttyBitty is a trademark of Micrel, Inc. Micrel, Inc. • 1849 Fortune Drive • San Jose, CA 95131 • USA • tel + 1 (408) 944-0800 • fax + 1 (408) 944-0970 • http://www.micrel.com November 6, 2000 1 MIC5247 MIC5247 Micrel Pin Configuration EN GND IN 3 2 1 LUxx 4 5 BYP OUT MIC5247-x.xBM5 Pin Description Pin Number Pin Name Pin Function 1 IN Supply Input 2 GND 3 EN Enable/Shutdown (Input): CMOS compatible input. Logic high = enable; logic low = shutdown. Do not leave open. 4 BYP Reference Bypass: Connect external 0.01pF capacitor to GND to reduce output noise. May be left open. 5 OUT Regulator Output Ground Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1) Operating Ratings (Note 2) Supply Input Voltage (VIN) .................................. 0V to +7V Enable Input Voltage (VEN) .................................. 0V to VIN Junction Temperature (TJ) ...................................... +150°C Storage Temperature ............................... –65°C to +150°C Lead Temperature (soldering, 5 sec.) ....................... 260°C ESD, Note 3 Input Voltage (VIN) ......................................... +2.7V to +6V Enable Input Voltage (VEN) .................................. 0V to VIN Junction Temperature (TJ) ....................... –40°C to +125°C Thermal Resistance (θJA)...................................... 235°C/W MIC5247 2 November 6, 2000 MIC5247 Micrel Electrical Characteristics VIN = VOUT + 1.0V; VIN = VEN; IOUT = 100µA; TJ = 25°C, bold values indicate –40°C ≤ TJ ≤ +125°C; unless noted. Symbol Parameter Conditions Min Typical Max Units VO Output Voltage Accuracy IOUT = 0mA –1 –2 1 2 % % ∆VLNR Line Regulation VIN = VOUT + 0.1V to 6V –0.3 +0.3 %/V ∆VLDR Load Regulation IOUT = 0.1mA to 150mA, Note 4 2 3 % Load Regulation for 1.5V only IOUT = 0.1mA to 150mA, VOUT = 1.5V 3 4 % VIN – VOUT Dropout Voltage IOUT = 150mA (see Note 5) 150 IQ Quiescent Current VEN ≤ 0.4V (shutdown) 0.2 1 µA IGND Ground Pin Current, Note 6 IOUT = 0mA 85 150 µA IOUT = 150mA 85 150 µA 50 dB 300 mA µVrms PSRR Power Supply Rejection f ≤ 1kHz ILIM Current Limit VOUT = 0V en Output Voltage Noise COUT = 10µF, CBYP = 0.01µF, f = 10Hz to 100kHz 30 VIL Enable Input Logic-Low Voltage VIN = 2.7V to 5.5V, regulator shutdown 0.8 VIH Enable Input Logic-High Voltage VIN = 2.7V to 5.5V, regulator enabled IEN Enable Input Current 160 mV Enable Input V 1 V VIL ≤ 0.4V 0.01 µA VIH ≥ 1.6V 0.01 µA 500 Ω Thermal Shutdown Temperature 150 °C Thermal Shutdown Hysteresis 10 °C Shutdown Resistance Discharge 1.6 0.4 Thermal Protection Note 1. Exceeding the absolute maximum rating may damage the device. Note 2. The device is not guaranteed to function outside its operating rating. Note 3. Devices are ESD sensitive. Handling precautions recommended. Note 4. Regulation is measured at constant junction temperature using low duty cycle pulse testing. Parts are tested for load regulation in the load range from 0.1mA to 150mA. Changes in output voltage due to heating effects are covered by the thermal regulation specification. Dropout voltage is defined as the input to output differential at which the output voltage drops 2% below its nominal value measured a1V differential. For outputs below 2.7V, dropout voltage is the input-to-output voltage differential with the minimum input voltage 2.7V. Minimum input operating voltage is 2.7V. Ground pin current is the regulator quiescent current plus pass transistor base current. The total current drawn from the supply is the sum of the load current plus the ground pin current. Note 5. Note 6. November 6, 2000 3 MIC5247 MIC5247 Micrel Typical Characteristics 60 60 50 FREQUENCY (Hz) 1x10 1x10-8 CBYP = 0.01µF VIN = 2.8V VOUT = 1.8V COUT = 4.7µF 40 20 ILOAD = 100µA -10 20 50 80 110 140 TEMPERATURE (°C) 1x101 OUTPUT CURRENT (mA) 60 40 20 ILOAD = 150mA 0 -40 80 60 40 20 ILOAD = 100µA 0 0 -10 20 50 80 110 140 TEMPERATURE (°C) Dropout Characteristics VOLTAGE OUT (V) 20 ILOAD = 100µA ILOAD = 150mA 2 1 ILOAD = 150mA 4 0 0 1 2 3 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) 4 1 2 3 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) 4 Short Circuit Current vs. Temperature SHORT CIRCUIT CURRENT (mA) 100 40 = VOUT + 1 100 3 60 IN Ground Pin Current 80 Ground Pin Current 80 V FREQUENCY (Hz) GROUND CURRENT (µA) 60 1 2 3 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) 71 Ground Pin Current 80 0 0 72 70 ILOAD = 50mA 100 0 -40 73 1x103 -7 74 1x102 1x10-6 GROUND CURRENT (µA) GROUND CURRENT (µA) PSRR (dB) CBYP = 0 100 GROUND CURRENT (µA) 1x106 75 1x10-5 Ground Pin Current MIC5247 Ground Current vs. Output Current 1x10 1x106 1x104 1x103 1x102 20 IL = 150mA VIN = 3.4V 10 VOUT = 2.4V COUT = 10µF Ceramic 0 1x105 CBYP = 0 30 20 IL = 100mA VIN = 3.4V 10 V = 2.4V OUT COUT = 10µF Ceramic 0 Noise Performance GROUND CURRENT (µA) 40 1x101 PSRR (dB) 1µF CBYP = 0 1x10-1 50 30 FREQUENCY (Hz) 1x106 0.01µF 1µF 40 FREQUENCY (Hz) 1x105 60 1x101 Power Supply Rejection Ratio OUTPUT SPECTRAL NOISE DENSITY (µV/rt Hz) FREQUENCY (Hz) 1x105 1x101 1x106 1x105 1x102 1x101 1x104 OUT 0 1x104 10 1x104 20 IL = 50mA 20 V = 3.4V IN 10 VOUT = 2.4V COUT =10µF Ceramic 0 1x103 30 CBYP = 0 30 1x103 IL = 100µA VIN = 3.4V VOUT = 2.4V C = 10µF Ceramic 40 1x102 40 50 0.01µF 1x102 PSRR (dB) 60 C =0 BYP 50 1x103 PSRR (dB) 70 0.01µF 1x106 1µF 1x105 = 0.01µF 1 BYP 1x100 C 1x103 70 80 CBYP = 1µF 1x102 90 Power Supply Rejection Ratio 1x104 Power Supply Rejection Ratio Power Supply Rejection Ratio 4 500 400 300 200 100 VOUT = 0 0 -40 -10 20 50 80 110 140 TEMPERATURE (°C) November 6, 2000 MIC5247 Micrel Turn-On Time vs. Bypass Capacitance Output Voltage vs. Temperature 200 COUT = 10µF ILOAD = 100mA 150 TIME (µs) OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) 2.5 2.4 100 Rise Time 50 Prop Delay 1x101 1x100 1x10-1 1x10-2 -10 20 50 80 110 140 TEMPERATURE (°C) 1x10-3 0 1x10-5 2.3 -40 1x10-4 ILOAD = 100µA BYPASS CAPACITOR (µF) November 6, 2000 5 MIC5247 MIC5247 Micrel Functional Characteristics Line Transient Response INPUT VOLTAGE (1V/div.) OUTPUT VOLTAGE (100mV/div.) Load Transient Response COUT = 10µF CBYP = 0 VIN = 3.4V VOUT = 2.4V 3.4V COUT = 10µF VOUT = 2.4V ILOAD = 100µA OUTPUT VOLTAGE (50mV/div.) OUTPUT CURRENT (100mA/div.) 100mA 100µA TIME (100µs/div.) MIC5247 4.4V TIME (500µs/div.) 6 November 6, 2000 MIC5247 Micrel Block Diagrams IN Reference Voltage Startup/ Shutdown Control Quickstart/ Noise Cancellation EN BYP PULL UP Thermal Sensor FAULT Error Amplifier Current Amplifier Undervoltage Lockout OUT PULL DOWN ACTIVE SHUTDOWN GND November 6, 2000 7 MIC5247 MIC5247 Micrel dissipation of the package, use the junction-to-ambient thermal resistance of the device and the following basic equation: Applications Information Enable/Shutdown TJ(max) − TA PD(max) = θ JA The MIC5247 comes with an active-high enable pin that allows the regulator to be disabled. Forcing the enable pin low disables the regulator and sends it into a “zero” off-modecurrent state. In this state, current consumed by the regulator goes nearly to zero. Forcing the enable pin high enables the output voltage. This part is CMOS and the enable pin cannot be left floating; a floating enable pin may cause an indeterminate state on the output. Input Capacitor An input capacitor is not required for stability. A 1µF input capacitor is recommended when the bulk ac supply capacitance is more than 10 inches away from the device, or when the supply is a battery. TJ(max) is the maximum junction temperature of the die, 125°C, and TA is the ambient operating temperature. θJA is layout dependent; Table 1 shows examples of junction-toambient thermal resistance for the MIC5247. Package SOT-23-5 (M5) θJA 1" Square Copper Clad θJC 235°C/W 185°C/W 145°C/W Table 1. SOT-23-5 Thermal Resistance The actual power dissipation of the regulator circuit can be determined using the equation: PD = (VIN – VOUT) IOUT + VIN IGND Substituting PD(max) for PD and solving for the operating conditions that are critical to the application will give the maximum operating conditions for the regulator circuit. For example, when operating the MIC5247-2.4BM5 at room temperature with a minimum footprint layout, the maximum input voltage for a set output current can be determined as follows: Output Capacitor The MIC5247 requires an output capacitor for stability. The design requires 1µF or greater on the output to maintain stability. The capacitor can be a low-ESR ceramic chip capacitor. The MIC5247 has been designed to work specifically with the low-cost, small chip capacitors. Tantalum capacitors can also be used for improved capacitance over temperature. The value of the capacitor can be increased without bound. Bypass Capacitor A capacitor can be placed from the noise bypass pin to ground to reduce output voltage noise. The capacitor bypasses the internal reference. A 0.01µF capacitor is recommended for applications that require low-noise outputs. The bypass capacitor can be increased without bound, further reducing noise and improving PSRR. Turn-on time remains constant with respect to bypass capacitance. Refer to the Typical Characteristics section for a graph of turn-on time vs. bypass capacitor. 125°C − 25°C PD(max) = 235°C/W PD(max) = 425mW The junction-to-ambient thermal resistance for the minimum footprint is 235°C/W, from Table 1. The maximum power dissipation must not be exceeded for proper operation. Using the output voltage of 2.4V and an output current of 150mA, the maximum input voltage can be determined. Because this device is CMOS and the ground current is typically 100µA over the load range, the power dissipation contributed by the ground current is < 1% and can be ignored for this calculation. 425mW = (VIN – 2.4V) 150mA 425mW = VIN ·150mA – 360mW Transient Response The MIC5247 implements a unique output stage to dramatically improve transient response recovery time. The output is a totem-pole configuration with a P-channel MOSFET pass device and an N-channel MOSFET clamp. The N-channel clamp is a significantly smaller device that prevents the output voltage from overshooting when a heavy load is removed. This feature helps to speed up the transient response by significantly decreasing transient response recovery time during the transition from heavy load (100mA) to light load (85µA). 785mW = VIN ·150mA VIN(max) = 5.2V Therefore, a 2.4V application at 150mA of output current can accept a maximum input voltage of 5.2V in a SOT-23-5 package. For a full discussion of heat sinking and thermal effects on voltage regulators, refer to the Regulator Thermals section of Micrel’s Designing with Low-Dropout Voltage Regulators handbook. Fixed Regulator Applications Active Shutdown The MIC5247 also features an active shutdown clamp, which is an N-channel MOSFET that turns on when the device is disabled. This allows the output capacitor and load to discharge, de-energizing the load. Thermal Considerations VIN MIC5247-x.xBM5 1 5 2 3 The MIC5247 is designed to provide 150mA of continuous current in a very small package. Maximum power dissipation can be calculated based on the output current and the voltage drop across the part. To determine the maximum power MIC5247 θJA Recommended Minimum Footprint VOUT 1µF 4 0.01µF Figure 1. Ultra-Low-Noise Fixed Voltage Application 8 November 6, 2000 MIC5247 Micrel Figure 1 includes a 0.01µF capacitor for low-noise operation and shows EN (pin 3) connected to IN (pin 1) for an application where enable/shutdown is not required. COUT = 1µF minimum. VIN MIC5247-x.xBM5 V OUT 1 5 2 3 Enable Shutdown 1.0µF 4 EN Figure 2. Low-Noise Fixed Voltage Application Figure 2 is an example of a low-noise configuration where CBYP is not required. COUT = 1µF minimum. November 6, 2000 9 MIC5247 MIC5247 Micrel Package Information 1.90 (0.075) REF 0.95 (0.037) REF 1.75 (0.069) 1.50 (0.059) 3.00 (0.118) 2.60 (0.102) DIMENSIONS: MM (INCH) 1.30 (0.051) 0.90 (0.035) 3.02 (0.119) 2.80 (0.110) 0.20 (0.008) 0.09 (0.004) 10° 0° 0.15 (0.006) 0.00 (0.000) 0.50 (0.020) 0.35 (0.014) 0.60 (0.024) 0.10 (0.004) SOT-23-5 (M) MICREL INC. 1849 FORTUNE DRIVE SAN JOSE, CA 95131 TEL + 1 (408) 944-0800 FAX + 1 (408) 944-0970 WEB USA http://www.micrel.com This information is believed to be accurate and reliable, however no responsibility is assumed by Micrel for its use nor for any infringement of patents or other rights of third parties resulting from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent right of Micrel Inc. © 2000 Micrel Incorporated MIC5247 10 November 6, 2000