Order this document by BF721T1/D SEMICONDUCTOR TECHNICAL DATA Motorola Preferred Device COLLECTOR 2,4 PNP SILICON TRANSISTOR SURFACE MOUNT BASE 1 EMITTER 3 MAXIMUM RATINGS 4 Symbol Value Unit Collector-Emitter Voltage Rating VCEO – 300 Vdc Collector-Base Voltage VCBO –300 Vdc Collector-Emitter Voltage VCER – 300 Vdc Emitter-Base Voltage VEBO – 5.0 Vdc Collector Current IC –100 mAdc Total Power Dissipation up to TA = 25°C(1) PD 1.5 Watts Storage Temperature Range Tstg – 65 to +150 °C TJ 150 °C Symbol Max Unit RθJA 83.3 °C/W Junction Temperature 1 2 3 CASE 318E-04, STYLE 1 SOT–223 (TO-261AA) DEVICE MARKING DF THERMAL CHARACTERISTICS Characteristic Thermal Resistance from Junction to Ambient(1) ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (TA = 25°C unless otherwise noted) Characteristic Symbol Min Max Unit Collector-Emitter Breakdown Voltage (IC = –1.0 mAdc, IB = 0) V(BR)CEO – 300 — Vdc Collector-Base Breakdown Voltage (IC = –100 µAdc, IE = 0) V(BR)CBO –300 — Vdc Collector-Emitter Breakdown Voltage (IC = –100 µAdc, RBE = 2.7 kΩ) V(BR)CER –300 — Vdc Emitter-Base Breakdown Voltage (IE = –10 µAdc, IC = 0) V(BR)EBO – 5.0 — Vdc Collector-Base Cutoff Current (VCB = – 200 Vdc, IE = 0) ICBO — –10 nAdc Collector–Emitter Cutoff Current (VCE = – 250 Vdc, RBE = 2.7 kΩ) (VCE = – 200 Vdc, RBE = 2.7 kΩ, TJ = 150°C) ICER — — –50 –10 nAdc µAdc OFF CHARACTERISTICS 1. Device mounted on a glass epoxy printed circuit board 1.575 in. x 1.575 in. x 0.059 in.; mounting pad for the collector lead min. 0.93 in2. Thermal Clad is a trademark of the Bergquist Company Preferred devices are Motorola recommended choices for future use and best overall value. REV 4 Small–Signal Motorola Motorola, Inc. 1998 Transistors, FETs and Diodes Device Data 1 BF721T1 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (TA = 25°C unless otherwise noted) (Continued) Characteristic Symbol Min Max Unit hFE 50 — — VCE(sat) — – 0.8 Vdc fT 60 — MHz Cre — 1.6 pF ON CHARACTERISTICS DC Current Gain (VCE = –25 mAdc, VCE = –20 Vdc) Collector-Emitter Saturation Voltage (IC = – 30 mAdc, IB = – 5.0 mAdc) DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS Current-Gain — Bandwidth Product (VCE = – 10 Vdc, IC = –10 mAdc, f = 35 MHz) Feedback Capacitance (VCE = – 30 Vdc, IC = 0, f = 1.0 MHz) 2 Motorola Small–Signal Transistors, FETs and Diodes Device Data BF721T1 300 hFE , DC CURRENT GAIN VCE = 10 Vdc TJ = +125°C 250 200 25°C 150 –55°C 100 50 0 0.1 1.0 10 100 IC, COLLECTOR CURRENT (mA) Figure 1. DC Current Gain f T, CURRENT–GAIN — BANDWIDTH (MHz) 100 C, CAPACITANCE (pF) Cib @ 1MHz 10 Ccb @ 1MHz 1.0 0.1 0.1 1.0 10 100 VR, REVERSE VOLTAGE (VOLTS) 1000 Figure 2. Capacitance 150 130 110 90 70 50 TJ = 25°C VCE = 20 Vdc F = 20 MHz 30 10 1 3 5 11 13 15 7 9 IC, COLLECTOR CURRENT (mA) 17 19 21 Figure 3. Current–Gain — Bandwidth 1.4 V, VOLTAGE (VOLTS) 1.2 VCE(sat) @ 25°C, IC/IB = 10 VCE(sat) @ 125°C, IC/IB = 10 VCE(sat) @ –55°C, IC/IB = 10 VBE(sat) @ 25°C, IC/IB = 10 1.0 0.8 VBE(sat) @ 125°C, IC/IB = 10 VBE(sat) @ –55°C, IC/IB = 10 VBE(on) @ 25°C, VCE = 10 V VBE(on) @ 125°C, VCE = 10 V VBE(on) @ –55°C, VCE = 10 V 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.0 0.1 1.0 10 IC, COLLECTOR CURRENT (mA) 100 Figure 4. ”ON” Voltages Motorola Small–Signal Transistors, FETs and Diodes Device Data 3 BF721T1 INFORMATION FOR USING THE SOT-223 SURFACE MOUNT PACKAGE MINIMUM RECOMMENDED FOOTPRINT FOR SURFACE MOUNTED APPLICATIONS Surface mount board layout is a critical portion of the total design. The footprint for the semiconductor packages must be the correct size to insure proper solder connection interface between the board and the package. With the correct pad geometry, the packages will self align when subjected to a solder reflow process. 0.15 3.8 0.079 2.0 0.091 2.3 0.248 6.3 0.091 2.3 0.079 2.0 0.059 1.5 0.059 1.5 0.059 1.5 inches mm SOT-223 SOT-223 POWER DISSIPATION PD = TJ(max) – TA RθJA 160 Board Material = 0.0625″ G-10/FR-4, 2 oz Copper 140 TA = 25°C 0.8 Watts ° 120 1.25 Watts* 100 80 0.0 PD = 150°C – 25°C = 1.5 watts 83.3°C/W The 83.3°C/W for the SOT-223 package assumes the use of the recommended footprint on a glass epoxy printed circuit board to achieve a power dissipation of 1.5 watts. There are other alternatives to achieving higher power dissipation from the SOT-223 package. One is to increase the area of the collector pad. By increasing the area of the collector pad, the 1.5 Watts θ The values for the equation are found in the maximum ratings table on the data sheet. Substituting these values into the equation for an ambient temperature TA of 25°C, one can calculate the power dissipation of the device which in this case is 1.5 watts. 4 power dissipation can be increased. Although the power dissipation can almost be doubled with this method, area is taken up on the printed circuit board which can defeat the purpose of using surface mount technology. A graph of RθJA versus collector pad area is shown in Figure 6. R JA , Thermal Resistance, Junction to Ambient ( C/W) The power dissipation of the SOT-223 is a function of the pad size. This can vary from the minimum pad size for soldering to a pad size given for maximum power dissipation. Power dissipation for a surface mount device is determined by TJ(max), the maximum rated junction temperature of the die, RθJA, the thermal resistance from the device junction to ambient, and the operating temperature, TA . Using the values provided on the data sheet for the SOT-223 package, PD can be calculated as follows: *Mounted on the DPAK footprint 0.2 0.4 0.6 A, Area (square inches) 0.8 1.0 Figure 5. Thermal Resistance versus Collector Pad Area for the SOT-223 Package (Typical) Another alternative would be to use a ceramic substrate or an aluminum core board such as Thermal Clad. Using a board material such as Thermal Clad, an aluminum core board, the power dissipation can be doubled using the same footprint. Motorola Small–Signal Transistors, FETs and Diodes Device Data BF721T1 SOLDER STENCIL GUIDELINES Prior to placing surface mount components onto a printed circuit board, solder paste must be applied to the pads. A solder stencil is required to screen the optimum amount of solder paste onto the footprint. The stencil is made of brass or stainless steel with a typical thickness of 0.008 inches. The stencil opening size for the SOT-223 package should be the same as the pad size on the printed circuit board, i.e., a 1:1 registration. SOLDERING PRECAUTIONS The melting temperature of solder is higher than the rated temperature of the device. When the entire device is heated to a high temperature, failure to complete soldering within a short time could result in device failure. Therefore, the following items should always be observed in order to minimize the thermal stress to which the devices are subjected. • Always preheat the device. • The delta temperature between the preheat and soldering should be 100°C or less.* • When preheating and soldering, the temperature of the leads and the case must not exceed the maximum temperature ratings as shown on the data sheet. When using infrared heating with the reflow soldering method, the difference should be a maximum of 10°C. • The soldering temperature and time should not exceed 260°C for more than 10 seconds. • When shifting from preheating to soldering, the maximum temperature gradient should be 5°C or less. • After soldering has been completed, the device should be allowed to cool naturally for at least three minutes. Gradual cooling should be used as the use of forced cooling will increase the temperature gradient and result in latent failure due to mechanical stress. • Mechanical stress or shock should not be applied during cooling * Soldering a device without preheating can cause excessive thermal shock and stress which can result in damage to the device. TYPICAL SOLDER HEATING PROFILE For any given circuit board, there will be a group of control settings that will give the desired heat pattern. The operator must set temperatures for several heating zones, and a figure for belt speed. Taken together, these control settings make up a heating “profile” for that particular circuit board. On machines controlled by a computer, the computer remembers these profiles from one operating session to the next. Figure 2 shows a typical heating profile for use when soldering a surface mount device to a printed circuit board. This profile will vary among soldering systems but it is a good starting point. Factors that can affect the profile include the type of soldering system in use, density and types of components on the board, type of solder used, and the type of board or substrate material being used. This profile shows temperature versus time. The line on the graph shows the STEP 1 PREHEAT ZONE 1 “RAMP” 200°C STEP 2 STEP 3 VENT HEATING “SOAK” ZONES 2 & 5 “RAMP” DESIRED CURVE FOR HIGH MASS ASSEMBLIES 150°C actual temperature that might be experienced on the surface of a test board at or near a central solder joint. The two profiles are based on a high density and a low density board. The Vitronics SMD310 convection/infrared reflow soldering system was used to generate this profile. The type of solder used was 62/36/2 Tin Lead Silver with a melting point between 177 –189°C. When this type of furnace is used for solder reflow work, the circuit boards and solder joints tend to heat first. The components on the board are then heated by conduction. The circuit board, because it has a large surface area, absorbs the thermal energy more efficiently, then distributes this energy to the components. Because of this effect, the main body of a component may be up to 30 degrees cooler than the adjacent solder joints. STEP 6 STEP 7 STEP 5 STEP 4 VENT COOLING HEATING HEATING ZONES 3 & 6 ZONES 4 & 7 205° TO “SPIKE” “SOAK” 219°C 170°C PEAK AT SOLDER 160°C JOINT 150°C 100°C 140°C 100°C SOLDER IS LIQUID FOR 40 TO 80 SECONDS (DEPENDING ON MASS OF ASSEMBLY) DESIRED CURVE FOR LOW MASS ASSEMBLIES 50°C TIME (3 TO 7 MINUTES TOTAL) TMAX Figure 6. Typical Solder Heating Profile Motorola Small–Signal Transistors, FETs and Diodes Device Data 5 BF721T1 PACKAGE DIMENSIONS A F NOTES: 1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI Y14.5M, 1982. 2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: INCH. 4 S B 1 2 3 D L G J C 0.08 (0003) M H INCHES DIM MIN MAX A 0.249 0.263 B 0.130 0.145 C 0.060 0.068 D 0.024 0.035 F 0.115 0.126 G 0.087 0.094 H 0.0008 0.0040 J 0.009 0.014 K 0.060 0.078 L 0.033 0.041 M 0_ 10 _ S 0.264 0.287 MILLIMETERS MIN MAX 6.30 6.70 3.30 3.70 1.50 1.75 0.60 0.89 2.90 3.20 2.20 2.40 0.020 0.100 0.24 0.35 1.50 2.00 0.85 1.05 0_ 10 _ 6.70 7.30 K STYLE 1: PIN 1. 2. 3. 4. 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